Journal articles: 'Inhaled glucocorticosteroids'

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Pedersen, S. "Comparing inhaled glucocorticosteroids." Allergy 54, s49 (1999): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1999.tb04387.x.

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Yates, D. H., M. Worsdell, and P. J. Barnes. "Effect of an inhaled glucocorticosteroid on mast cell and smooth muscle beta 2 adrenergic tolerance in mild asthma." Thorax 53, no. 2 (1998): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.2.110.

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BACKGROUND: Regular inhaled beta 2 agonist therapy is associated with loss of bronchoprotection to indirect bronchial provocation challenges such as allergen or adenosine monophosphate (AMP), while directly acting challenge is less affected, implying preferential mast cell tolerance. Glucocorticosteroids may reverse such beta 2 adrenoreceptor tolerance and upregulate mast cell beta 2 adrenoceptor function. METHODS: The effect of single high dose glucocorticosteroids on terbutaline induced loss of bronchoprotection was studied in a placebo controlled, double blind, cross-over study. Fifteen asthmatic subjects who were not taking inhaled glucocorticosteroids underwent two 10-day treatment periods with terbutaline (500 micrograms four times daily via Turbohaler), each followed by a single dose of inhaled budesonide (800 micrograms via Turbohaler) or identical placebo. RESULTS: Regular treatment with terbutaline resulted in significant loss of bronchoprotection to AMP (mean difference (95% CI) -1.7 (-3.0 to 0.4) doubling dilutions) but not to methacholine (mean difference -0.1 (-1.0 to 0.8) doubling dilutions). Single high dose budesonide increased the protective effect of terbutaline more to AMP than to methacholine challenge (+0.76 (0.3) doubling dilutions compared with +0.13 (0.4) doubling dilutions, respectively). The mean (SE) difference between budesonide and placebo for methacholine challenge was 0.08 (0.14) whereas that for AMP was 0.075 (0.15); p = NS. The difference in PC20 was not statistically significant when compared with placebo for either challenge agent. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled glucocorticosteroids in a single dose had no significant effect in restoring terbutaline induced loss of bronchoprotection, implying that mast cell beta 2 adrenoceptor sensitivity is not restored by a single dose of an inhaled glucocorticosteroid in asthma.

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Garashchenko, T. I., and G. D. Tarasova. "Inhaled glucocorticosteroids in otorhinolaryngology." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 1 (March 9, 2020): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2020-1-50-58.

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Gauvreau, Gail M., Mark D. Inman, Margaret Kelly, Richard M. Watson, Sandra C. Dorman, and Paul M. O’Byrne. "Increased Levels of Airway Neutrophils Reduces the Inhibitory Effects of Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids on Allergen-Induced Airway Eosinophils." Canadian Respiratory Journal 9, no. 1 (2002): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/161969.

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BACKGROUND: Treatment with inhaled glucocorticosteroids attenuates allergen-induced airway inflammation but is less effective in people with asthma who have noneosinophilic airway inflammation.OBJECTIVE: Studies in which glucocorticosteroid treatment was used before allergen challenges were re-examined to determine whether the efficacy of steroid treatment could be predicted by baseline levels of sputum inflammatory cells.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight nonsmoking subjects with atopic asthma controlled by beta2-agonists participated in only one of three studies, each carried out with a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized, crossover design. Subjects were treated with glucocorticosteroids or placebo for six to eight days and then underwent allergen inhalation challenge. Spirometry was measured for 7 h after allergen challenge, and then sputum inflammatory cells were measured. Sputum inflammatory cells were also measured before and after treatment, and 24 h after allergen challenge. The per cent inhibition of the allergen-induced airway responses by glucocorticosteroids was calculated.RESULTS: Inhaled gluticocorticosteroids significantly attenuated the early and late asthmatic responses, and the number of allergen-induced sputum eosinophils (P<0.05). There was a significant negative relationship between the number of sputum neutrophils at baseline, and the per cent inhibition of allergen-induced sputum eosinophils measured at 7 h (r=-0.61, P<0.001) and 24 h (r=-0.73, P<0.0001) after challenge, suggesting that glucocorticosteroids are less effective in attenuating allergen-induced airway inflammation in subjects with high levels of neutrophils. There was no correlation between the number of sputum eosinophils at baseline and the per cent inhibition of allergen-induced responses.CONCLUSIONS: Baseline airway neutrophils, not eosinophils, can be used to predict the efficacy of inhaled steroids on allergen-induced sputum eosinophils.

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Hughes, J. R., E. M. Higgins, and A. W. du Vivier. "Acne associated with inhaled glucocorticosteroids." BMJ 305, no. 6860 (1992): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6860.1000.

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Ignatova, G. I., V. N. Antonov, and I. A. Zakharova. "Clinical case of indacaterol / glycopyrronium bromide prescription in a patient with severe copd and concomitant pathology." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 9 (June 5, 2024): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/ms2024-207.

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Combinations of inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IHGC) and long-acting bronchodilator inhalers (LABA inhalers) have been widely used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) over the past two decades. Prescription of these drugs was based on large studies showing that this therapeutic regimen was more effective compared to placebo and monotherapy. The article presents a clinical case report of a patient with severe course of COPD and coronary heart disease (CHD). Up-to-date concepts of using dual bronchodilator therapy when switching from combinations of inhaled glucocorticosteroids and long-acting bronchodilator inhalers (IHGC/LABA) is discussed. A patient with COPD and coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation while using IHGC/LABA had progressive respiratory failure, frequent exacerbations, and acute symptomatology. As there is evidence that the use of IHGC/LABA has a number of limitations in the combined course of COPD and cardiovascular diseases, first of all in coronary artery disease and arrhythmias, it was recommended to replace therapy with a combination of dual bronchodilators – a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting β agonist (LABA). The therapy resulted in stabilization of the condition, reduction of clinical symptoms, and absence of cardiovascular complications. It has been concluded that the dual bronchodilator therapy with a combination of glycopyrronium bromide and indacaterol is prioritized in COPD, including COPD combined with cardiovascular pathology; no increase in cardiovascular events in patients with COPD combined with coronary artery disease is observed; Breezhaler inhaler is user-friendly for the patients and has advantages over other delivery devices.

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Czerwińska Pawluk, Iwona, Elwira Paula Pawluk, Angelo Daniel Szymaszek, and Walery Zukow. "Concerns of patients with bronchial asthma against the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 13, no. 2 (2023): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.13.02.040.

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The medical literature describes the problem of anxiety and fear of using glucocorticosteroid drugs and their side effects in patients with bronchial asthma. Frequently, unjustified fears of patients are the cause of non-compliance with therapeutic recommendations, which in turn results in the lack of therapeutic effects [24]. In order to counteract this unfavorable phenomenon, to increase the safety and effectiveness of therapy in patients with bronchial asthma, large-scale educational activities should be carried out both among medical staff and patients on the importance of glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of bronchial asthma and their impact on the degree of control of the disease.

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Mendes, E. S., A. Pereira, I. Danta, R. C. Duncan, and A. Wanner. "Comparative bronchial vasoconstrictive efficacy of inhaled glucocorticosteroids." European Respiratory Journal 21, no. 6 (2003): 989–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00072402.

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Pauwels, Romain. "Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 165, no. 12 (2002): 1579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.2204029.

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Holley, Lauren. "Novel developments in equine asthma." UK-Vet Equine 8, no. 1 (2024): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ukve.2024.8.1.6.

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Equine asthma is a disease which affects horses across the globe and can range from mild exercise impairment to severe debilitation that decreases the horse's quality of life. Treatment currently focuses on environmental management, bronchodilators and systemic and inhaled glucocorticosteroids. Glucocorticosteroids remain the mainstay of therapy but can have deleterious side effects; therefore, there is a critical need for the development of new therapies. Nebulised lidocaine and immunomodulatory therapy both hold promise for the treatment of equine asthma, especially with respect to avoiding the deleterious effects of glucocorticosteroids.

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Doniec, Zbigniew, Mariusz Woźniak, Kamila Woźniak, Adam J. Sybilski, and Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas. "Childhood asthma – how to recognize and treat?" Alergoprofil 17, no. 2 (2021): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ap.172080321.

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Asthma in children up to 5 years of age is a disease that is diagnosed on the basis of the clinical symptoms of bronchial obstruction, such as: wheezing, cough and shortness of breath of variable intensity and duration, clinically proven reversibility of obstruction and clinical improvement after chronic use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids and lack of grounds for suspecting causes of obstruction other than asthma. Treatment of childhood asthma is a graded therapy with a range of intensity to control the course of the disease and the main form of treatment is inhalation therapy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to continue treatment in accordance with the previously adopted principles, including the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids.

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Zaytseva, O. V. "Systemic and inhaled glucocorticosteroids in acute obstructive laryngotracheitis." Medical Council, no. 11 (July 16, 2018): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2018-11-50-53.

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Acute laryngotracheitis (croup) is an acute condition that most commonly affects children of the first 6 years. Croup is caused by viral infection of the upper airway, predominantly by parainfluenza virus. Croup is characterized by the signs of subglottic stenosis, which determines croup severity. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of croup treatment due to a strong anti-inflammatory effect. Typically, duration of corticosteroid treatment in croup does not exce ed several days. Even short-course systemic corticosteroids are associated with a number of adverse effects: nausea, vomiting, behavioral changes and sleep disturbance, etc. According to Russian clinical guidelines for croup management inhaled corticosteroid budesonide is the first line therapy. Budesonide efficacy in croup has been proved in numerous clinical trials. Based on similar effectiveness of inhaled and systemic corticosteroids in croup patients, budesonide is the preferred treatment option, because it helps to minimize the risk of adverse effects.

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Pashchenko, Alexander A., Yulia E. Dobrokhotova, and Daria S. Fomina. "To study the level of nitric oxide in exhaled air in pregnant women with bronchial asthma as a monitoring of disease control and prediction of asthma-associated obstetric complications: Observational comparative study." Gynecology 26, no. 2 (2024): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2024.2.202689.

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Aim. To determine the clinical significance of the level of nitric oxide in exhaled air (NOex) for optimizing the control of bronchial asthma (BA) in pregnant women in order to reduce asthma-associated obstetric complications. Materials and methods. A cohort comparative study was conducted with the participation of 80 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy against the background of asthma with varying degrees of severity and level of control, with an assessment of the frequency of asthma-associated obstetric complications. The main group consisted of 40 patients with a prospective determination of the level of BA control and inflammatory activity against the background of inhaled glucocorticosteroid + long-acting b2-agonist using a study of nitric oxide levels in exhaled air. The comparison group included 40 patients undergoing therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids + long-acting b2-agonist or monotherapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids with standard methods of outpatient monitoring of pregnancy against the background of asthma (without determining the level of NOex). The instrumental examination was presented by the determination of a surrogate noninvasive marker of inflammation – nitric oxide in exhaled air was determined using a portable NOex detection device (NIOX MONO; Aerocrine AB, Sweden). Results. The study of nitric oxide in exhaled air demonstrated the presence of poorly controlled inflammation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in 22.5% of patients at the beginning of the third trimester, the average NOex values were – 18.75±2.86 ppb. A strong correlation was determined between the values of nitric oxide levels in exhaled air and systolic blood pressure in the third trimester in patients from the main group (Rs=0.84; Rs 0.05=0.31). Decrease in NOex averages (14.87±1.65 ppb) in pregnant women, it occurred as a result of changes in the volume of pharmacotherapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids and measures to control the strict adherence of patients to anti-asthmatic therapy. Achieving complete control of asthma as a result of screening determination of nitric oxide in exhaled air and selection of optimal anti-asthmatic therapy was accompanied by a 2-fold decrease in the frequency of asthma-associated hypertensive disorders and surgical deliveries in pregnant women from the main group. Conclusion. Modern approaches to the monitoring and therapy of pregnant women with asthma should be based on the study of subclinical inflammation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. The screening method for determining the level of a biomarker of inflammation of the bronchial tree epithelial mucosa – nitric oxide in exhaled air allows to determine the level of BA control, meets the requirements of maximum safety and minimally invasive for use in pregnant women.

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Britton, MG, JS Earnshaw, and JB Palmer. "A twelve month comparison of salmeterol with salbutamol in asthmatic patients. European Study Group." European Respiratory Journal 5, no. 9 (1992): 1062–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.05091062.

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The efficacy and tolerability of salmeterol, 50 micrograms b.i.d. was compared for three months with salbutamol, 200 micrograms q.i.d., administered from metered-dose inhaler. For the following nine months, safety and clinic lung function was monitored on salmeterol, 50 micrograms b.i.d., compared with salbutamol, 200 micrograms b.i.d. This comparison was made in a multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group study of 667 moderate asthmatics, who had a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) or peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) > 50% predicted, a 15% reversibility to inhaled salbutamol and who were experiencing symptoms. Throughout the first three month treatment period, both morning and evening PEFR were significantly higher on treatment with salmeterol than salbutamol (mean differences between the treatments 30 l.min-1 for morning, p < 0.001, and 11 l.min-1 for evening, p < 0.01). In addition, the diurnal variation in PEFR, nocturnal and daytime symptoms and use of additional salbutamol were significantly lower in the salmeterol treated group. This improvement was also apparent in the separate subpopulations of patients taking no concurrent glucocorticosteroid or concurrent inhaled and/or oral glucocorticosteroids. Both treatments were well-tolerated throughout the 12 months of treatment. There was a lower incidence of asthma and related events during salmeterol treatment compared to salbutamol treatment subgroups. The results of the study clearly demonstrate that salmeterol, 50 micrograms b.i.d., is well-tolerated and more effective than salbutamol, 200 micrograms q.i.d., in the treatment of moderate asthma.

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Romanovskikh, Anna G., Yu G. Belotserkovskaya, and I. P. Smirnov. "Inhaled glucocorticosteroids in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 96, no. 3 (2018): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2018-96-3-257-261.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an urgent problem of modern healthcare. One of the most frequent approaches to the therapy of the COPD remains the appointment of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) in fixed-dose combinations. At the same time, the role and place of fixed-dose combinations (ICS/LABA) in COPD therapy is currently being actively discussed. The presented article describes the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose combinations (ICS/LABA) in COPD patients, modern approaches to the appointment of ICS/LABA.

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POSTMA, DIRKJE S, and HUIB A M. KERSTJENS. "Are Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids Effective in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?" American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 160, supplement_1 (1999): S66—S71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.160.supplement_1.16.

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Mortimer, Kevin J., and Anne E. Tattersfield. "Benefit Versus Risk for Oral, Inhaled, and Nasal Glucocorticosteroids." Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America 25, no. 3 (2005): 523–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2005.05.002.

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Hübner, Melanie, Günther Hochhaus, and Hartmut Derendorf. "Comparative Pharmacology, Bioavailability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids." Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America 25, no. 3 (2005): 469–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2005.05.004.

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Jennings, B. H., K. E. Andersson, and S. �. Johansson. "The assessment of the systemic effects of inhaled glucocorticosteroids." European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 41, no. 1 (1991): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00280099.

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Sannarangappa, Vishnu, and Ryan Jalleh. "Inhaled Corticosteroids and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency." Open Respiratory Medicine Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874306401408010093.

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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have been used as first line treatment of asthma for many decades. ICS are a form of exogenous glucocorticosteroids that can suppress the endogenous production of glucocorticosteroids, a condition known as adrenal suppression (AS). As a result, cessation, decreasing the dose or changing the type of ICS may trigger features of adrenal insufficiency (AI). AI may cause a spectrum of presentations varying from vague symptoms of fatigue to potentially life threatening acute adrenal crises. This article reviews the current literature on ICS and AI particularly in adults (although majority of data available is from the paediatric population). It aims to increase awareness of the potential risk of AI associated with ICS use, delineate the pathogenesis of AI and to provide recommendations on screening and management. From our literature review, we have found numerous case reports that have shown an association between ICS and AI particularly in children and patients using high doses. However, there have also been reports of AI in adults as well as in patients using low to moderate doses of ICS. To conclude, we recommend screening for AI in select patient groups with an initial early morning serum cortisol. If results are abnormal, more definitive testing such as the low dose corticotropin stimulation test may be done to confirm the diagnosis.

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Zastrozhina, A. K., I. N. Zakharova, and D. A. Sychev. "Bronchial asthma: pharmacogenetic approaches to optimization of inhaled glucocorticosteroid therapy." Russian Journal of Allergy 16, no. 3 (2019): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja1207.

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According to national and international clinical guidelines, inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IGCS) are the most effective drugs in bronchial asthma (BA) therapy. However, IGCS do not always contribute to the full asthma control. In addition to external factors, including low adherence to medical recommendations, errors in the inhalation technique, comorbid conditions, lack of control over the effectiveness of therapeutic measures, and sometimes incorrect diagnosis, recently, much attention has been paid to pharmacogenetic mechanisms in reducing the effectiveness of asthma therapy. The article presents overview data on the pharmacogenetic features of reducing the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids in bronchial asthma therapy.

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Sulaimanov, Sh A. "Allergic diseases in children in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 67, no. 6 (2023): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2022-67-6-25-32.

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COVID-19 coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a real disaster for all of humanity. Today, issues related to diagnostics, clinical presentations, treatment of the complications, preventive measures, including vaccination for a new coronavirus infection, are relevant. It is also important to identify risk factors for a severe course of the disease, features of the development of infection against the background of comorbid conditions and different immunological reactivity of the human body. The comorbidity of allergic and infectious diseases is based on the common humoral and cellular mechanisms of the immune response. The trigger for the development of allergic diseases is often the viruses of measles and chickenpox, influenza, parainfluenza, rhinoviruses, enteroviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, coronaviruses, and others. Most allergic patients are predisposed to acute respiratory viral infections. COVID-19 occurs in 0.39–12.3% of children. Children tend to have milder disease than adults and have low mortality rates. At the same time, one should not forget about the adequate support for patients with chronic diseases, especially children with allergic diseases. Viruses and preventive hygiene measures associated with a pandemic are triggers of an exacerbation of bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis. Early diagnosis, adequate treatment of allergic diseases in children, and provision of doctors with information are also problematic. It is important to understand which patients with bronchial asthma are at particular risk and how inhaled glucocorticosteroids may influence the course and outcome of COVID-19. International associations and societies have developed guidelines for the management of children with allergies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids for bronchial asthma reduce the expression of genes of the main target receptors for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma, primarily inhaled glucocorticosteroids, should be continued until asthma control is achieved, which will help reduce the risk of an unfavorable course of COVID-19.

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Il’yenkova, N. A., D. F. Sergienko, L. V. Stepanova, S. Y. Pastukhova, and S. S. Dvoryanskaya. "Asthmatic status in pediatric practice in patients with mild bronchial asthma." Astrakhan medical journal 19, no. 3 (2024): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-3-80-86.

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The main principle of the treatment of bronchial asthma is rational basic therapy, with priority appointment of inhaled glucocorticosteroids. The basis of the effectiveness of treatment is determined by the correct choice of the form of drug delivery, training the patient in inhalation skills and constant monitoring of the correct use of the inhaler. The article demonstrates the clinical observation of the formation of asthmatic status in a child with mild bronchial asthma. The deterioration of the condition and severe exacerbation was caused by insufficient intake of basic therapy funds into the respiratory tract due to improper inhalation techniques due to the patient's lack of skills in using an inhaler. At the same time, the patient was not trained and the necessary control over the correctness of the inhalation technique was not carried out at the outpatient stage.

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Vakurova, N. V., T. A. Azovskova, and G. F. Vasukova. "The pharmacotherapy of professional serious bronchial asthma." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 9 (March 19, 2020): 576–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-576-577.

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In patients with severe bronchial asthma (BA) of professional origin, with the additional appointment of Tiotropium bromide on the background of combined therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids and long-acting b2-agonists, functional parameters improve, the proportion of days with good BA control increases, the total number of exacerbations decreases and the period increases to the first severe exacerbation.

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Naumova, V. V., E. K. Beltyukov, V. Ch Abdullaev, and E. V. Shevtseva. "The effectiveness of single inhaler triple therapy in patients with bronchial asthma in real clinical practice." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 4 (April 5, 2022): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2022-16-4-8-14.

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Introduction. About 40% of patients with bronchial asthma on dual therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonists do not achieve asthma control.Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of triple therapy (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium bromide, vilanterol) in a single inhaler in patients with bronchial asthma in real clinical practice.Material and methods. The study included 43 patients with bronchial asthma from municipal outpatients’ clinics in Ekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region. The clinical-functional and clinical-economic efficiency of therapy was evaluated for 6 months before and after the appointment of a triple combination (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium bromide, vilanterol) in a single inhalerResults and discussion. Of the 43 patients, 39 patients were included in the analysis. During 6 months of triple therapy in a single inhaler, the mean ACT value increased from 13 (Q1–Q3: 12–14) to 21 points (Q1–Q3: 20–22) (p < 0.001), the proportion of patients with uncontrolled asthma decreased from 100% initially to 15.4% at 6 months of therapy (p< 0.001). By the 6th month of therapy, all patients refused to take systemic glucocorticosteroids (p = 0.003), there was an increase in FEV1 from 73.0% (Q1–Q2: 70.0–75.0) to 82% (Q1–Q2: 80.0–86.5) (p < 0.001). The number of ambulance calls (from 0.28 ± 0.46 per 1 patient at baseline) and hospitalizations (from 0.67 ± 0.84 per 1 patient at baseline) decreased to 0 (p >< 0.001) after 6 months of treatment with the study drug. Savings in the management of 1 patient for 6 months on a triple therapy in a single inhaler amounted to 10523 rubles, and the prevented economic damage for 39 patients for 6 months of therapy is 410418 rubles. Conclusion. The triple therapy in a single inhaler made it possible to improve asthma control and respiratory function, stop taking systemic glucocorticosteroids, reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency calls, while reducing direct costs per unit of efficiency.>< 0.001). The number of ambulance calls (from 0.28 ± 0.46 per 1 patient at baseline) and hospitalizations (from 0.67 ± 0.84 per 1 patient at baseline) decreased to 0 (p< 0.001) after 6 months of treatment with the study drug. Savings in the management of 1 patient for 6 months on a triple therapy in a single inhaler amounted to 10523 rubles, and the prevented economic damage for 39 patients for 6 months of therapy is 410418 rubles.Conclusion. The triple therapy in a single inhaler made it possible to improve asthma control and respiratory function, stop taking systemic glucocorticosteroids, reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency calls, while reducing direct costs per unit of efficiency.

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Latysheva, T. V., E. A. Latysheva, and O. V. Shubina. "ASMANEX TWISTHALER - THE DRUG OF CHOICE AMONG INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS." Russian Journal of Allergy 10, no. 6 (2013): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja632.

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Goals. To reveal the clinical efficacy and safety of Asmanex in patients with moderate and severe bronchial asthma (BA), treated with inhaled and/or systemic glucocorticosteroids (GCS), depending on the severity and level of control. Methods. 40 patients (age 18 to 65 years) were treated with Asmanex with equivalent to prior therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) doses or in combination with systemic corticosteroids prior therapy (without increasing the dose of systemic corticosteroids) for 3 months. Efficacy was assessed before and after the treatment on a background of Asmanex treatment by the need of additional using of agonists of β 2-adrenoreceptors, severity of daytime and nighttime asthma symptoms, dynamics of spirometry parameters. The efficacy of Asmanex was compared with the original baseline therapy of other inhaled corticosteroids at equivalent doses using the new delivery system.

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Moss, Richard B. "Severe Fungal Asthma: A Role for Biologics and Inhaled Antifungals." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 1 (2023): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9010085.

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Allergic asthma has traditionally been treated with inhaled and systemic glucocorticosteroids. A continuum of allergic fungal airways disease associated with Aspergillus fumigatus colonization and/or atopic immune responses that encompasses fungal asthma, severe asthma with fungal sensitization and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is now recognized along a phenotypic severity spectrum of T2-high immune deviation lung disease. Oral triazoles have shown clinical, anti-inflammatory and microbiologic efficacy in this setting; in the future inhaled antifungals may improve the therapeutic index. Humanized monoclonal antibody biologic agents targeting T2-high disease also show efficacy and promise of improved control in difficult cases. Developments in these areas are highlighted in this overview.

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Kulagin, E. A., and V. I. Trofimov. "PNEUMONIA IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHO-OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASES TREATED WITH INHALED GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS." Scientific Notes of the I. P. Pavlov St. Petersburg State Medical University 24, no. 2 (2017): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2017-24-2-31-34.

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Obojski, Andrzej, Rafał Dobek, and Bernard Panaszek. "Inhaled glucocorticosteroids in treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Pneumonologia i Alergologia Polska 72, no. 5-6 (2008): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/arm.28153.

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Vizel, A. A., I. Yu Vizel, M. K. Sagdieva, and F. F. Yarkaeva. "The Use of Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids (ICS) during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases 100, no. 1 (2022): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21292/2075-1230-2022-100-1-7-18.

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The article analyzes 46 publications on the use of ICS for COVID-19. Both research results and their discussion by specialists are presented. The expediency of continuing basic therapy, including ICS, has been demonstrated in the event of COVID-19 in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The risk of local immunosuppressive action of ICS has been compared with the ability to suppress inflammation in the initial period of COVID-19. Analysis of the publications suggests that it is safe to prescribe ICS to patients with COVID-19 as well as it is advisable to use them in the initial stages of this disease.

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Leshchenko, I. V. "Asthma control: actual problems and solutions in real clinical practice." Russian Pulmonology 29, no. 3 (2019): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2019-29-3-346-352.

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Asthma control is still difficult to achieve. One of main tools for evaluating asthma control is a well-known Asthma Control Test (ACT). Common causes of insufficient asthma control include poor adherence to treatment and non-compliance of the patient with the dosing regimen. Correct inhalation technique significantly contributes to better adherence to treatment. Elliptа is a multi-dose powder inhaler with dose counter and indication of remaining dose number. Actuation of Ellipta inhaler requires only one movement. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) are the key agents in the maintenance pharmacological therapy of asthma. A novel vilanterol/fluticasone furoate (VI/FF) combination is a highly effective combination for maintenance treatment of moderate to severe asthma with 24-hour effect providing once-daily dosing. The Salford study demonstrated advantages of VI/FF combination over ICS monotherapy and other combination of ICS/LABA in real clinical practice in patients with asthma out of dependence of asthma severity or comorbidities.

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Zaitsev, A. A. "Non-antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 101, no. 11 (2023): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2023-101-11-531-537.

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This publication deals with the issue of adjuvant (non-antimicrobial) therapy for community-acquired pneumonia. A critical analysis is provided on the appropriateness of using various drugs (mucolytics, non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs, immunoglobulins, etc.) and physical methods of chest impact for community-acquired pneumonia, and recommendations are given for their clinical use. Special attention is paid to the use of systemic glucocorticosteroids and inhaled nitric oxide.

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CZERWIŃSKA, PAWLUK Iwona, Elwira Paula PAWLUK, Angelo Daniel SZYMASZEK, and Walery ZUKOW. "Concerns of patients with bronchial asthma against the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 13, no. 2 (2023): 280–86. https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.13.02.040.

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CZERWIŃSKA PAWLUK, Iwona, PAWLUK, Elwira Paula, SZYMASZEK, Angelo Daniel & ZUKOW, Walery. Concerns of patients with bronchial asthma against the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;13(2):280-286. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.13.02.040 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/41725 https://zenodo.org/record/7510201           The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu).   © The Authors 2023;   This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.   The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.   Received: 24.11.2022. Revised: 21.12.2022. Accepted: 06.01.2023.         Concerns of patients with bronchial asthma against the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids Obawy pacjentów z astmą oskrzelową przed stosowaniem glikokortykosteroidów wziewnych   Iwona Czerwińska Pawluk – Radomska Szkoła Wyższa w Radomiu, Uniwersytecki Szpital Dziecięcy w Lublinie Elwira Paula Pawluk – Uniwersytecki Szpital Dziecięcy w Lublinie Angelo Daniel Szymaszek - Uniwersytecki Szpital Dziecięcy w Lublinie Walery Zukow - Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu     Abstrakt W literaturze  medycznej opisywana jest problematyka występuącego u pacjentów z astmą oskrzelową lęku, strachu przed stosowaniem leków z grupy glikokortykosteroidów i ich skutkami ubocznymi.  Często niczym nie uzasadnione obawy pacjentów są  przyczyną nie stosowania się do zaleceń terapeutycznych, co z kolei skutkuje brakiem efektów terapeutycznych [24]. Aby przeciwdziałać temu niekorzystnemu zjawisku,  zwiększyć bezpieczeństwo i skuteczność terapii pacjentów z astmą oskrzelową należy prowadzić na szeroką skalę działania edukacyjne zarówno wśród personelu medycznego jak też pacjentów na temat znaczenia glikokortykosteroidów w terapii astmy oskrzelwej  i ich wpływu na  stopień kontroli choroby.   Słowa kluczowe: astma oskrzelowa, glikokortykosteroidy.     Abstract The medical literature describes the problem of anxiety and fear of using glucocorticosteroid drugs and their side effects in patients with bronchial asthma. Frequently, unjustified fears of patients are the cause of non-compliance with therapeutic recommendations, which in turn results in the lack of therapeutic effects [24]. In order to counteract this unfavorable phenomenon, to increase the safety and effectiveness of therapy in patients with bronchial asthma, large-scale educational activities should be carried out both among medical staff and patients on the importance of glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of bronchial asthma and their impact on the degree of control of the disease.   Key words: bronchial asthma, glucocorticoids.

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Larsen, B. B., and R. Dahl. "Do inhaled steroids have similar efficacy? A case of bronchial asthma suggesting different efficacy of inhaled glucocorticosteroids." Allergy 50, no. 7 (1995): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01207.x.

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Wolthers, Ole D., and Søren Pedersen. "Controlled Study of Linear Growth in Asthmatic Children During Treatment With Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids." Pediatrics 89, no. 5 (1992): 839–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.89.5.839.

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Linear growth was investigated with weekly knemometry in a population of 43 schoolchildren with mild asthma treated with inhaled budesonide. The design was a randomized, double-blind, parallel group study with three dose groups of 200, 400, and 800 µg of budesonide per day. Each dose group received budesonide for 8 consecutive weeks. Placebo was given for either 4 weeks before or after budesonide treatment. Twelve children in the 200-µg group, 14 in the 400-µg group, and 12 in the 800-µg group completed the 12-week study period. There was no significant difference in mean growth velocity among the three dose groups during placebo treatment. Compared with placebo (growth velocity: 0.39 mm/wk), mean lower leg growth velocity was reduced with 0.26 mm/wk (P &lt; .001, t = 5.0, df = 11; 95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.37 mm/wk) in children treated with 800 µg of budesonide. There was no statistically significant difference in growth velocity between 200- or 400-µg budesonide treatments and placebo. These data indicate that inhaled budesonide can be safely used in doses up to 400 µg/d in schoolchildren with asthma.

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Manso, G., AJ Baker, IK Taylor, and RW Fuller. "In vivo and in vitro effects of glucocorticosteroids on arachidonic acid metabolism and monocyte function in nonasthmatic humans." European Respiratory Journal 5, no. 6 (1992): 712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.05060712.

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Glucocorticosteroids are used as anti-inflammatory agents in a range of diseases, however, their mechanism of action is unknown. Recently, inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism has been suggested as one possible mechanism of action. A series of experiments were undertaken in nonasthmatic humans to examine the effects of oral prednisolone and dexamethasone and inhaled budesonide on the excretion of the urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4), an established marker of total body leukotriene generation in vivo. In addition, the effect of the drugs on the in vitro and ex-vivo function of monocytes was examined. In vitro dexamethasone greater than 10(-8) M inhibited the thromboxane A2 (TxA2) release from human monocytes, an effect which recovered within 24 h. In vivo, neither inhaled budesonide (1.6 mg.day-1 for 7 days), nor a standard therapeutic dose of oral prednisolone (30 mg.day-1 for 3 days), nor high doses of oral dexamethasone (8 mg.day-1 for 2 days) altered the excretion of urinary LTE4, despite the latter completely suppressing endogenous cortisol production. The ex-vivo zymosan stimulated release of TxA2 release from monocytes was not altered by the standard dose prednisolone, but was reduced by high dose dexamethasone and inhaled budesonide. This study shows that high doses of systemic steroids have little effect on arachidonic acid metabolism in normal nonasthmatic humans. Inhaled budesonide, however, does reduce arachidonic acid metabolism in circulating monocytes, presumably by affecting these cells during their passage through the lung.

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Wilcke, J. T. R., та A. Dirksen. "The effect of inhaled glucocorticosteroids in emphysema due to α1-antitrypsin deficiency". Respiratory Medicine 91, № 5 (1997): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(97)90030-5.

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Koloskova, O. K., N. К. Bogutska, S. I. Tarnavska, and H. P. Buryniuk-Hloviak. "Peculiarities of response to basic anti-inflammatory therapy of schoolchildren with alternative inflammatory phenotypes of bronchial asthma." Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, no. 7(119) (November 29, 2021): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2021.119.40.

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Purpose — to evaluate the effectiveness of long-term anti-inflammatory therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids in children with alternative inflammatory phenotypes of bronchial asthma (BA) for the development of individualized control treatment. Materials and methods. A comprehensive survey of 94 school-age children with BA was conducted. According to the results of cytological examination of sputum, 2 clinical observation groups were formed. The first group of patients was formed by 38 patients with non3eosinophilic (neutrophilic) nature of the inflammatory process of the bronchi (mean age — 11.1±2.9 years, the proportion of boys — 52.6±8.1%), and the second group — 56 children with eosinophilic type of airway inflammation (3% or more of eosinophilic granulocytes in sputum), ie eosinophilic asthma phenotype (mean age — 12.2±3.2 (P>0.05) years, the proportion of boys — 67.9±6.2%, P>0.05). According to the main characteristics of the observation group could be compared. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical and paraclinical (spirographic) examination. Scoring control of BA symptoms was performed using a questionnaire at the beginning and at the end of the course of anti-inflammatory basic therapy. The questionnaire included the clinical signs of BA reflected in the scores, which were evaluated by patients and their parents, as well as the scale of instrumental studies according to the spirographic examination of patients. Results. The paper shows that the best effect of long-term courses of basic therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) was observed in patients with eosinophilic airway inflammation. Thus, the share of patients with a relatively satisfactory level of clinical control of the disease and with close to normal spirographic indicators was in group II: before the course of treatment with inhaled corticosteroids 25.0% and 31.9%, and after treatment — 81.3% (P<0,01) and 69.0% (P<0.01), respectively. Thus, an increase of 69.3% in relative risk (IRR) and 56.3% in absolute risk (IAR) of BA control reflected a pronounced control effect of inhaled corticosteroids in the eosinophilic nature of airway inflammation. The minimum number of patients needed to treat (NNT) in order to obtain at least one positive result was 2. At the same time, in patients with neutrophilic inflammatory process, the proportion of patients with a relatively satisfactory level of clinical and paraclinical (according to spirography) disease control was: before the appointment of ICS — 30.8% and 30.8%, and after treatment — 50% (PFisher's exact test>0.05) and 76.9% (PFisher's exact test<0.01), respectively. This persistence of clinical manifestations of the disease indicated an insufficient level of control of non3eosinophilic BA in the treatment of inhaled corticosteroids and questioned the feasibility of monotherapy with this group of neutrophilic bronchitis. The insufficient effect of anti3inflammatory therapy with inhaled corticosteroids was evidenced by the fact that IRR of satisfactory level of clinical control was 38.4%, IAR — 19.2%, and NNT — 6 patients. Conclusions. In patients with the eosinophilic phenotype of BA, the use of long courses of inhaled glucocorticosteroids led to an increased chance of achieving disease control, while the chances of improving of the pulmonary function tests were also observed in the neutrophilic phenotype of the disease. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: bronchial asthma, children, basic anti-inflammatory therapy.

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Randolph, Christopher. "CONTROLLED STUDY OF LINEAR GROWTH IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN DURING TREATMENT WITH INHALED GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS." Pediatrics 94, no. 2 (1994): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.94.2.270a.

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Purpose of the Study. To determine the impact of short term inhaled budesonide on linear growth in school children with mild asthma. Study Population. Forty-three school children with mild asthma. Methods. A randomized double blind parallel group study with three dose groups of 200, 400, and 800 µg of budesonide per day administered with a 750-mL spacer (Nebuhaler). Each group received budesonide for 8 consecutive weeks. Placebo was given 4 weeks before or after budesonide. Findings. Compared with placebo, children treated with 800 µg of budesonide had a statistically significant lower leg growth velocity by 0.26 mm/week (P &lt; .0012; t = 5.0; df = 11; 95% confidence interval, 0.14 to 0.37 mm/week). There was no statistically significant difference in the growth velocity between 200 or 400 µg of budesonide treatments and placebo. Reviewer's Comments. This study was conducted with knemometry, a method utilized in measuring the length of the lower leg with apparent high reproducibility and accuracy. Unfortunately, the correlation between growth of the lower leg and chronic growth is undear. Several steroid studies in the past have indicated that budesonide up to levels of 800 µg does not interfere with long term growth. Thus, the impact of the study is unclear at present. Clearly, a longer term study is necessary to determine the outcome of these children. Additionally, it would be important to see the impact of budesonide in chronic asthma with greater severity, which itself may interfere with growth.

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Emelyanov, A. V. Emelyanov, E. V. Leshenkova Leshenkova, and G. R. Sergeeva Sergeeva. "Inhaled glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the debate continues." Pharmateca 5_2019 (May 21, 2019): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2019.5.10-16.

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Antczak, A., Z. Kurmanowska, M. Kasielski, and D. Nowak. "Inhaled glucocorticosteroids decrease hydrogen peroxide level in expired air condensate in asthmatic patients." Respiratory Medicine 94, no. 5 (2000): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/rmed.1999.0801.

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Taylor, I. K., G. W. Taylor, and R. W. Fuller. "Modulatory effect of oral and inhaled glucocorticosteroids on inflammatory mediator generation in vivo." European Journal of Pharmacology 183, no. 4 (1990): 1186–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(90)94277-5.

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Barbieva, E., I. Ismailov, and T. Sabirova. "Analysis of the Pharmaceutical Market of Drugs Used in the Pharmacotherapy of Bronchial Asthma in the Kyrgyz Republic." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 4 (April 15, 2023): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/89/28.

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The article presents the results of the analysis of the pharmaceutical market of drugs used in the pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma in the Kyrgyz Republic. The materials of the study were the pharmaceutical market of medicines used for the treatment of bronchial asthma in the Kyrgyz Republic, the data of the regulatory authority in the field of circulation of medicines and pharmaceutical organizations. Research results. It was established that in the Kyrgyz Republic the analyzed group of drugs included in the clinical protocol for the treatment of bronchial asthma is represented by 56 trade names. In the nomenclature of drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma, the leading place belongs to single drugs — 87.5%, the share of combined drugs, respectively, is 12.5%. Of the total number of anti-asthma drugs in the pharmaceutical market, lecotriene receptor antagonists rank first with a share of 46.29%, β2-agonists — 37%, combined glucocorticosteroids — 17.83%, inhaled glucocorticosteroids — 29.62% and glucocorticosteroids for systemic use — 24%, methylxanines — 9.25%, anticholinergics — 7.4%. Conclusion. Drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma, present on the pharmaceutical market of the Kyrgyz Republic, in general, comply with the recommendations of the experts of the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) (Global Initiative for Asthma). All medicines on the pharmaceutical market of the Kyrgyz Republic are represented exclusively by foreign manufacturers, among which Turkey is the leader.

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Avdeev, S. N., Z. R. Aisanov, V. V. Arkhipov, et al. "Inhalation glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Russian Pulmonology 30, no. 3 (2020): 330–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-3-330-343.

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The main objectives of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) therapy are to reduce the severity of symptoms and the risk of exacerbations. The article discusses the role of local and systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of COPD as well as various mechanisms of pharmacological influence on it. Approaches to prescribing basic therapy for patients with COPD, recommended by various national and global guidelines (clinical recommendations of the Russian respiratory society, criteria of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)), as well as recommendations on the therapy frequency review are considered. Currently, so-called triple combinations – fixed combinations of double bronchodilators with inhaled glucocorticosteroids – are being developed and registered in the world, and their place and significance in the treatment of COPD raise many discussions. The paper discusses the role of fixed triple combinations in reducing the incidence of COPD exacerbations, the impact on functional and patient-reported outcomes, and provides recommendations for the use of triple combinations in patients with COPD, taking into account the benefit/risk ratio.

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Farkhutdinov, U. R., V. V. Petryakov, and Sh U. Farkhutdinov. "Efficacy of ambroxol (Lasolvan) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." PULMONOLOGIYA, no. 1 (February 28, 2009): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2009-0-1-73-77.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of mucolytic drug ambroxol (Lasolvan) as a part of combined treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fifty-two patients with exacerbation of COPD participated in the study. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained during bronchofiberoscopy was examined for cell differential and immunoglobulin concentration. The latter was found to be reduced. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group included 25 patients treated with standard therapy (antibiotics, bronchodilators, glucocorticosteroids) and inhaled ambroxol through a nebulizer; the comparator group included 27 patients with COPD who received standard therapy and placebo (inhaled saline solution). Administration of ambroxol has led to improvement in clinical symptoms and local immunity. In the comparator group, the duration of exacerbation was longer and improvement in the local immunity was insignificant. Therefore, the use of ambroxol as a part of combined therapy of COPD exacerbation could improve the local immunity and contribute to the result of treatment.

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Namsirikul, P., S. Chaisupamongkollarp, N. Chantadisai, and P. Bamberg. "Comparison of inhaled budesonide with oral prednisolone at two dose-levels commonly used for the treatment of moderate asthma." European Respiratory Journal 2, no. 4 (1989): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.02040317.

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The purpose of the study was to compare the anti-asthmatic efficacy of two doses of inhaled budesonide with two doses of oral prednisolone commonly used in clinical practice. The patients studied had not been taking regular inhaled glucocorticosteroids and so there was minimal interference from previous medication. The study was conducted as two double-blind crossovers with a washout period between them - firstly, comparing 400 micrograms budesonide with 5 mg prednisolone per day and secondly, 800 micrograms budesonide with 10 mg prednisolone per day. Lung function and symptoms were improved significantly from run-in by all treatments and improvement on both drugs was dose-dependent. When low-dose treatments were compared, mean morning peak expiratory flow rate was higher during budesonide treatment and, as a result, diurnal variation was significantly less than that during prednisolone treatment. At the higher doses, differences between the drugs were not observed, but this may have been due to the fact that a "ceiling effect" had been reached.

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Trushina, E. Yu Trushina, and E. M. Kostina Kostina. "Indications for the administration of inhaled glucocorticosteroids in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Pharmateca 10_2020 (September 24, 2020): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2020.10.106-110.

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Wolthers, O. D. "Long-, intermediate- and short-term growth studies in asthmatic children treated with inhaled glucocorticosteroids." European Respiratory Journal 9, no. 4 (1996): 821–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.96.09040821.

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Godfrey, RW, S. Lorimer, S. Majumdar, et al. "Airway and lung elastic fibre is not reduced in asthma nor in asthmatics following corticosteroid treatment." European Respiratory Journal 8, no. 6 (1995): 922–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.95.08060922.

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By morphometric investigation of the relative content of elastic and collagen fibres, we have tested the hypothesis that loss of elastic fibres in the conducting airways and lung parenchyma may reduce tissue elastic recoil, resulting in increased airway maximal closure and apparent increased responsiveness. The study groups comprised: Group A (n = 11) with relatively mild atopic asthma using inhaled bronchodilators prn (i.e. short-term corticosteroids users); Group B (n = 9) with more severe asthma requiring inhaled bronchodilators regularly, and daily inhaled glucocorticosteroids (i.e. longterm corticosteroid users); Group C (n = 12) normal healthy workers. Bronchial biopsy samples were taken from three sites from the left lung. Group A biopsy samples were taken before and after a 4 wk treatment period with inhaled corticosteroids (200 micrograms b.i.d.) and the relative elastic and collagen fibre content of a subepithelial zone was determined from electron micrographs. In a parallel study, the relative proportion of elastic fibre in post mortem lung tissue samples (inner aspect of the bronchial wall, alveolar wall, and points of attachment of surrounding alveoli to intrapulmonary bronchi) from subjects suffering a fatal asthma attack (n = 11), and non-asthmatic suffering sudden death (n = 9), were determined using Miller's elastic and eosin counterstain for light microscopy. In bronchial biopsies of normal subjects, 4.6 (SEM 1.1)% of subepithelial connective tissue was elastic fibre, similar to mild asthmatic subjects, 1.9 (SEM 0.48)%. Neither short-term (4 weeks) inhaled corticosteroid (200 micrograms b.i.d.) nor long-term (< 6 months) treatment with variable doses of inhaled steroids (100-1000 micrograms b.i.d.) significantly altered the elastic or collagen content of the tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Demko, I. V., E. A. Sobko, and A. Yu Kraposhina. "Triple fixed combination for asthma patients." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 20 (December 10, 2024): 18–23. https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2024-336.

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Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most common respiratory diseases. The primary purpose of BA treatment is to achieve disease control on a case-to-case basis. The disease control concept refers to not only the current control over symptoms, but also the risk of adverse outcomes in the future. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) remain the mainstay of treatment for adult patients with AB. Long-acting e2-agonists (LABA) are recommended to all patients who continue to experience symptoms as add-on therapy to medium- or high-dose ICS as the preferred option for controlled treatment at stages 4 and 5. However, despite LABA / ICS therapy, some patients may still exhibit uncontrolled asthma, in which case long-acting anticholinergics (LAMA) should be included in the treatment regimen. Concurrent use of multiple and often different medications poses a significant burden for patients with BA. The presence of LABA / LAMA / ICS in a single inhaler can ensure the best medication adherence in patients with asthma. This therapy option is indicated for patients with persistent asthma uncontrolled with medium- or high-dose ICS + LABA and patients receiving medium- and high-dose ICS / LABA / tiotropium bromide in multiple inhalers. This will enhance BA control, which has been proven in a number of clinical studies. In the clinical case under discussion, a patient with severe BA had to be prescribed a disease-modifying drug in the form of a triple fixed-dose combination in a single inhaler to improve disease control, which led to increased tolerance of physical activities, absence of asthma attacks, shortness of breath, night symptoms, the need for short-acting e2-agonists (SABA), and calls for emergency medical service.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Inhaled glucocorticosteroids'

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