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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Inheritance and succession law'
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1
Jenkins, Joseph Scott. "Inheritance law as constellation in lieu of redress a detour through exceptional terrain /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=828418581&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Souaiaia, Ahmed E. "The sociology of inheritance : privileged parlance & unearned rights /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10835.
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Weaver, Robert Eric. ""Do we still have any portion or inheritance in our father's house" an examination of Rachel and Leah's inheritance mentioned in Genesis 31:14-16 /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Weeks, Sindiso Mnisi. "The interface between living customary law(s) of succession and South African state law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669981.
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Abduroaf, Muneer. "The Impact of South African Law on the Islamic Law of Succession." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6211.
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Doctor Legum - LLD<br>South African Muslims constitute a religious minority group that is subject to dual legal
systems. In the public sphere they are bound by South African law whereas in the private
sphere are duty bound in terms of their religion to follow Islamic law. Muslims are required,
in terms of their religion, to ensure that their estates devolve in terms of the Islamic law of
succession. A son inherits double the share of a daughter in terms of the Islamic law of
intestate succession. This unequal distribution of shares has led to a premise that the Islamic
law of intestate succession discriminates against females. The South African Constitution
strongly promotes the right to equality and non-discrimination. There is therefore a serious
need to investigate the fairness of the Islamic law of intestate succession within the context of
South African law. This is in the interest of a religious minority group who have been in
South Africa since 1654.
6
Cogger, Jonathan. "Inheritance and redistribution: exploring the constitutional commitment towards redistribution in the private law of succession." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Law, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33602.
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The inevitability of the death of all property owners means that the redistribution of property at death is a basic function of the law of succession. In the systems that recognise testamentary freedom (including South Africa), the right to distribute property after death is considered as a natural extension of the entitlements that an owner enjoys while alive. Testamentary freedom is an age-old common law principle that has formed part of our law since time immemorial. This right vests in individual owners, and courts (and functionaries of the state) are obliged to give effect to the clear intentions of testators as expressed in their wills. Ownership therefore forms the basis of the right to make testamentary disposals that become enforceable after death. In this way, a primary role of testate succession law is to extend the rights of owners after death. The question this thesis seeks to answer is whether the common law right to dispose of property after death is a constitutionally protected property right in light of constitutional commitments to redistribution, restitution and historical redress. This involves an interpretation of the nature, purpose and scope of section 25 of the Constitution in the context of the common law of testate succession. In this thesis, I critique the academic and judicial view that ownership is central to the constitutional protection of the common law principle of freedom of testation. I argue that the current interpretation of the property clause represents a one-dimensional view of property rights that ignores accepted constitutional property jurisprudence of the interpretive approach to the property clause, including its dual purpose in protecting as well as transforming property relations and the emphasis on our historical context of past discrimination. In essence, my thesis is a critical evaluation of the nature and scope of testamentary freedom for the purposes of justifying the redistribution of wealth and property at death. My ultimate goal is to show that the redistribution of property through inheritance law is politically and constitutionally justified.
7
Baillon-Wirtz, Nathalie. "La famille et la mort /." Paris : Defrénois, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/522994571.pdf.
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Mashalaba, Siyabulela Welcome. "Discrimination against women under customary law in South Africa with reference to inheritance and succession." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/505.
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In South Africa, it is evident that women are uniformed of their essential human rights, especially their inheritance and succession rights, including protection of such rights. Human rights are international norms that protect individuals everywhere from the states’ political, legal and social abuse. Human rights are entitlements which human beings have in order to enhance their human condition. They are the fundamental entitlements or minimum standards to be met for individual so that they live with dignity. This study focused on discrimination of women under customary law in South Africa with reference to inheritance and succession. The study validated the findings of other researchers on the impact of cultural practices on women’s rights to inheritance and succession. In addition the findings revealed that efforts t eliminate traditional practices, should foremost come from men and from communities that hold such destructive attitudes towards women. The outcomes and recommendations of this study would assist the government and other institutions to adopt effective measures to empower women and especially educate them so that they can assert and defend their human rights
9
Noble, John Travis. "Passing the mantle inheritance rights and prophetic rites in 1 Kings 19:19 /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Mouralis, Denis. "Le sort du conjoint survivant en France et en Ontario : un exercice de droit comparé." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78222.
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Analysing the financial fate of the surviving spouse in French and Ontario law reveals him or her to be both a partner and an heir. The patrimonial union between the spouses is indeed a partnership which is terminated by the death of one spouse. Moreover, marriage introduces each spouse into his or her partner's family for the purposes of succession. The dual character of status of the surviving spouse is the basis of the argument, advanced in this thesis, that this duality represents an important commonality between the French and Ontario legal systems, notwithstanding the disparities between the two. One of these disparities is the surviving spouse's obligation, in Ontario, to choose between his or her matrimonial and inheritance rights, except when the deceased has expressly provided that he or she would not have to make this choice. Thus, while French law permits the surviving spouse to deduct the amount of his or her inheritance portion from the deceased's assets, even once the financial benefits of the marital partnership have been apportioned, Ontario law seems to be unable to distinguish between the partition of the marital partnership and the deceased's succession. After examining, in particular, the surviving spouse's rights pursuant to mandatory and suppletive rules of law, from the twin perspectives of spouse and heir, the thesis explores some examples of the tools used by spouses for estate planning. In particular, marriage contracts and life-insurance can dramatically affect, for better or worse, the fate of the surviving spouse.
11
Cohen, M. Z. "Jewish wills and testaments in biblical and post-biblical times up to the 14th century C.E. /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19171.pdf.
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Mawardi, Ahmad Imam. "Socio-political background of the enactment of Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/MQ43914.pdf.
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Bélanger, Laure. "La condition de survie et l'acte juridique /." Paris : L.G.D.J, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/524476292.pdf.
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Gwarinda, Tafira Albert. "Critical analysis of the impact of the common law on African indigenous law of inheritance a case study of post colonial legislation in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/161.
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The study looks at the main features of African indigenous law of succession and inheritance in Zimbabwe. It draws a distinction between the forms of inheritance practised between the two major ethnic groups, the Shona and the Ndebele. Whilst the research was mainly aimed at these two groups an investigation into inheritance practice by the South African Zulu and Xhosa counterparts was also made. An investigation into the impact of western influence on succession and inheritance was made taking a look at colonial legislation and case law, the general deduction being that it was a vehicle for attaching customary law to a western type law. After independence there was the issue of the impact of constitutionalism and international human rights law on succession in post colonial Zimbabwe. These were tools for change by bringing in notions of equality between men and women, issues that were highlighted in the cornerstone case of Magaya v Magaya, which was in turn discussed in the light of the Mthemu v Letsela and Bhe trilogy of cases in South Africa. In the final chapter there is a discussion of possibilities of reform and the future of customary law in Zimbabwe the highlight here being conducting proper legal research to ascertain the true purpose of custom.
15
Gayet, Marie. "L'anticipation successorale à l'épreuve de l'allongement de l'espérance de vie." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1G030.
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C’est désormais un fait acquis : la population française a vieilli. Cette évolution démographique n’est pas sans incidence sur le droit des successions et libéralités. D’une part, la personne âgée est incitée à transmettre précocement aux générations plus jeunes et plus actives. D’autre part, elle est sommée de songer au coût de la prise en charge d’une éventuelle dépendance liée au grand âge. Ces injonctions contradictoires conduisent à adopter une approche différente de l'anticipation successorale. Bien entendu, l'acte d'anticipation sera toujours considéré comme efficace lorsqu’il permettra au de cujus d’imposer durablement sa volonté, au-delà même de la mort. Mais, désormais, l’acte doit en outre faire montre d’une certaine capacité d’adaptation. Face aux différents événements jalonnant une longue existence, les besoins de chacun évoluent, si bien que les arbitrages réalisés plusieurs décennies auparavant se révéleront parfois peu judicieux. C'est pourquoi la stabilité et l'adaptabilité sont désormais devenues les deux caractéristiques primordiales, bien qu’apparemment inconciliables, d’une stratégie de transmission pérenne. Pour triompher de l’épreuve du temps, le projet doit ainsi allier tout à la fois les qualités du chêne et du roseau, c’est-à-dire aussi bien la robustesse de l’arbre séculaire que la souplesse de la jeune plante<br>It’s a fact : the French population is aging. This demographic trend has an impact on inheritance law and estate planning. On one hand, seniors are encouraged to hand down property to younger generations early on. On the other hand, they are asked to put aside money for their own care. Estate planning must adapt to this new context. As of now, stability and adaptability are the two primordial characteristics of good estate planning, although they’re apparently irreconcilable. First, you must be sure that wishes will be respected and not betrayed by the heirs after your death. Then, Estate planning will be more efficient if it can adapt. Life changes, needs change, so the elderly must be free to change their mind when a project made years ago becomes irrelevant. To be more efficient, estate planning must combine the qualities of the oak and the reed : the robustness of the old tree and the flexibility of the young plant
16
Kurzböck, Christoph. "Die Abwicklung deutsch-tschechischer Erbfälle /." Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 2010. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018993974&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Matakala, Lungowe. "Inheritance and disinheritance of widows and orphans in Zambia : getting the best out of Zambian laws." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608991.
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Galle-From, Alex. "Death and Taxes : Analysis and Comparison of Bilateral International Succession TaxTreaty Structures Between the United States and Selected OECDStates." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384696.
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Westbrook, April. "Land, law and ladies justice and gender roles in the narrative of Zelophehad's daughters /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Du, Toit Francois. "Testeervryheid in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg in die lig van 'n handves van regte." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51933.
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Thesis (LLD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Freedom of testation is one of the underlying principles of the South African law of testate
succession. South African testators may therefore dispose of their assets by way of will in
any manner they deem fit. This freedom is however not absolute and is indeed restricted in
accordance with certain social and economic considerations - some of the restrictions on free
testamentary disposition originated at common law while others are couched in the form of
statute. The boni mores or legal convictions of the community is one of the socially founded
mechanisms which operate to limit freedom of testation in South African law. The South
African legislature as well as the South African courts have however been somewhat remiss
in attending to (and rejuvinating) the legal position regarding the restriction of freedom of
testation in terms of the boni mores. The need for legal development in this area is all the
more acute in view of South Africa's new constitutional dispensation - the interpretation and
application of South Africa's final Constitution has rendered the influence of constitutional
rights and principles on private law (and therefore also on freedom of testation) a pertinent
legal issue.
In view of the above-mentioned considerations, this work entails a general study of freedom
of testation with specific reference to the application of a constitutionally founded boni morescriterion
on the restriction of free testamentary disposition. This study proceeds with due
cognisance of relevant juridical, social and economic considerations which provide a basis for
both freedom of testation and its limitation. In this regard a historical perspective is obtained
at the outset through an analysis of the approach to freedom of testation in Roman and
Roman-Dutch law. The position with regard to South African law is thereafter investigated.
The "traditional" approach to freedom of testation (and its restriction) is examined first,
whereafter the possible impact of relevant provisions of the South African Bill of Rights on
free testamentary disposition is considered from a theoretical perspective. A comparative
study then follows. In this regard the approach to freedom of testation in both common law
and continental or civil law legal systems is investigated. English and Australian law are
considered as examples of the former while Dutch, Belgian and German law are considered
as examples of the latter. The investigation into all the legal systems mentioned above has a dual focus. On the one
hand the support which is rendered to freedom of testation in each legal system is considered.
This support is readily founded on the acknowledgement in each system of private ownership
and hence private succession, the latter which in turn acknowledges testamentary freedom.
Other elements of the law of testate succession which render support to freedom of testation
in each system are also examined. The restriction of free testamentary disposition in each
legal system is investigated on the other hand. This investigation is principally focused on
the impact of the boni mores, legal convictions of the community, public interest, public
policy (the last-mentioned consideration is of particular importance in common law legal
systems) and the good morals (particularly relevant in civil law legal systems) on the
restriction of freedom of testation.
Proposals for a future approach to the restriction of freedom of testation in South African law
in accordance with a constitutionally founded boni mores-criterion are advanced in the closing
chapter. The principal proposal in this regard is couched in the form of a new statutory
provision which would best address the legal problem under discussion. This proposal is then
illustrated with reference to practical examples.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Testeervryheid vorm een van die grondslae van die Suid-Afrikaanse testate erfreg. Suid-
Afrikaanse testateurs kan dientengevolge na goeddunke by wyse van testament oor hul bates
beskik. Hierdie vryheid is egter nie absoluut nie en word ooreenkomstig bepaalde sosiale en
ekonomiese oorwegings beperk - sommige beperkings is gemeenregtelik van aard terwyl
andere in wetgewing beslag kry. Die boni mores of regsgevoel van die gemeenskap is een
van die sosiaal-gefundeerde meganismes aan die hand waarvan testeervryheid in die Suid-
Afrikaanse reg beperk word. Sowel die Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewer as die Suid-Afrikaanse
howe het egter in onlangse tye in gebreke gebly om die regsposisie ten opsigte van die
beperking van testeervryheid ingevolge die boni mores te vernuwe. Regsontwikkeling op
hierdie gebied is des te meer noodsaaklik in die lig van Suid-Afrika se nuwe grondwetlike
bedeling - die invloed van grondwetlike regte en beginsels op die privaatreg (en derhalwe ook
op testeervryheid) word geredelik deur die interpretasie en toepassing van Suid-Afrika se
finale Grondwet aan die orde gestel.
In die lig van bogenoemde oorwegings word 'n studie van testeervryheid in die algemeen en
die aanwending van 'n grondwetlik-gefundeerde boni mores-maatstaf ter beperking van
testeervryheid in die besonder in hierdie werk onderneem. Die studie geskied deurgaans aan
die hand van tersaaklike juridiese, sosiale en ekonomiese oorwegings wat sowel testeervryheid
as die beperking van dié vryheid fundeer. In hierdie verband word 'n historiese perspektief
ter aanvang verkry deurdat die benadering tot testeervryheid in die Romeinse en Romeins-
Hollandse reg ontleed word. Die posisie in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg word daarna op
tweeledige wyse ondersoek. Die "tradisionele" benadering tot testeervryheid (en die
beperking daarvan) word enersyds onder die loep geneem waarna 'n teoretiese perspektief op
die moontlike invloed van tersaaklike bepalings van die Suid-Afrikaanse Handves van Regte
op testeervryheid andersyds verkry word. 'n Regsvergelykende studie word daarna
onderneem. In hierdie verband word die benadering tot testeervryheid in sowel "common
law"- as kontinentale of "civil law "-regstelsels beskou. Die Engelse en Australiese reg word
as voorbeelde van eersgenoemde ontleed terwyl die Nederlandse, Belgiese en Duitse reg as
voorbeelde van laasgenoemde beskou word. Die fokus van die ondersoek na al die regstelsels hierbo vermeld, val enersyds op die
onderskraging wat in elke regstelsel aan testeervryheid verleen word. Sodanige onderskraging
spruit geredelik uit die erkenning in die onderskeie regstelsels van private eiendomsreg en
derhalwe private erfopvolging, laasgenoemde wat weer op die erkenning van testeervryheid
dui. Ook ander elemente van die testate erfreg wat in elke van die genoemde regstelsels ter
onderskraging van testeervryheid funksioneer, word beskou. Die beperking van
testeervryheid in elk van die regstelsels word andersyds ondersoek. Die fokus val in hierdie
verband veralop die invloed van die boni mores, regsgevoel van die gemeenskap, openbare
belang, openbare beleid (laasgenoemde veral relevant in "common law"-regstelsels) en die
goeie sedes (veral relevant in kontinentale regstelsels) op die beperking van testeervryheid.
In die slothoofstuk word voorstelle omtrent 'n toekomstige benadering tot die beperking van
testeervryheid in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg aan die hand van 'n grondwetlik-gefundeerde boni
mores-maatstaf gemaak. Die vernaamste voorstel in hierdie verband vind beslag in 'n nuwe
statutêre bepaling wat die onderhawige regsprobleem ten beste sal aanspreek. Hierdie
voorstel word ten slotte aan die hand van praktiese voorbeelde toegelig.
21
Baltahji, Ahmad. "La dévolution ab intestat de la succession : étude comparée des droits français et libanais." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV065.
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La France est un pays laïc. Son système successoral aussi est d'identité laïque. La loi successorale s'applique à tous les français sans distinction de sexe et de religion. En revanche, le Liban est un pays multiconfessionnel. En matière des statuts personnels dont la succession fait partie, il est soumis aux règles religieuses et civiles. Pour les musulmans libanais, ces règles sont issues du Coran. En revanche, les chrétiens et les juifs libanais appliquent une loi laïque inspirée de l'ancien Code civil français. Face à cette situation, le principe de l'égalité de tous devant la loi- garantie par la constitution libanaise- est loin d'être respecté. Depuis longtemps, le droit français est une source d'inspiration du droit libanais. Tel est le cas du Code des contrats et des obligations libanais qui fut le fruit du travail du doyen JOSSERAND, ce Code étant toujours en vigueur au Liban. Dès lors, comment le législateur libanais peut-il moderniser et réformer les lois religieuses pour qu'elles soient en harmonie avec les autres lois du pays ? L'élaboration d'une loi successorale unique à la lumière du droit français serait-elle possible et souhaitable?<br>France is a lay country. Thus its laws governing system of estates upon death are ruled by the principle of identity. Such laws apply to all French nationals irrespective of sex and religion. On the contrary, Lebanon is a multi-religious country. As regards matters relating to transmission of property upon death, the lebanese are governed by their religious and civil laws. For a Lebanese Moslem such rules are comprised in the Koran. Christian and Jewish Lebanese are subject to a lay legal system which sprang from French civil code. As a result, the principle of equality- of all before the law- warranted by the Lebanese constitution-is far from respected. For a long while now, French law has been a source of inspiration for Lebanese law. For exemple, the Lebanese contracts and debts code which resulted from the work of Dean JOSSERAND, the said code being still law in Lebanon. This being so, how can the Lebanese law maker modernise and reform the religious laws to bring them in line with the other laws of the country ? Would the elaboration of a unified Lebanese law of transmission of property upon death in the light of French law be feasible ?
22
Revineala, Svetlana. "Le droit des successions dans la Fédération de Russie : droit interne et droit international privé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020043/document.
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La problématique des successions internationales a, récemment, accédé à l’actualité en Russie après l’ouverture du pays et la libération des échanges privés internationaux. En effet, avec la disparition de l’URSS en 1991, les russes se sont vus ouvrir les frontières, avec la possibilité notamment de développer leur commerce dans une économie mondiale. Ce sont désormais l’ensemble des États qui connaissent une immigration, partagée entre une volonté d’enracinement dans le pays d’accueil, et sinon le désir de retour, du moins la volonté de faire profiter la famille restée dans l’État d’origine de leurs économies. Cette population immigrée souvent vieillit et meurt dans le pays d’accueil. Cette intensification de l’immigration nous montre la nécessité d'une réglementation russe et d’une application claire de cette réglementation dans le domaine des successions internationales. Les règles de conflit russes sont principalement régies par des dispositions de droit interne, car les rares Conventions internationales signées par la Fédération de Russie dans ce domaine sont intentionnellement de nature, soit régionale, soit bilatérale. Pour cette raison, les règles de droit international privé et les règles substantielles russes reflète la spécificité de son système social, économique et juridique. La présente thèse a pour objectif d’étudier ces règles de manière transversale sur toute la matière du droit russe des successions internationales. Les deux principaux axes de cette étude constituent d’une part, la détermination de la loi applicable aux successions internationales, et d’autre part, le domaine d’application de la loi successorale russe. Nous espérons que la thèse sera utile à tous les praticiens qui seront amenés à appliquer le droit international privé russe des successions<br>The international inheritance issues have recently gained importance in Russia, since the opening of the country and the liberalisation of private international exchanges. Indeed, since 1991, with the URSS disintegration, the Russian nationals began to have their borders open with the possibility to develop their trade in a global economy. As a known phenomenon in all the countries, the immigration is shared between the desire to set down roots in the host country, and unless there is a will to return, at least a desire to have their families left in the original country benefit from their savings. Most of the time, this immigrant population ages and dies in the host country. The rising immigration from and to Russian Federation, illustrates the need of a clear regulation and enforcement in the area of the international inheritance law. The Russian conflict-of-law rules are mainly governed by internal rules, because the few international conventions signed by Russia in this area are deliberately regional or bilateral. For this reason, the rules of Russian private international law and the internal rules reflect the specificity of its social, economic and legal system. This Ph.D. undertakes a global reflexion on the Russian rules of the international inheritance law area. The two main axis of this study are, on the one hand, the determination of the applicable law to the international inheritance and the exploration of the domain of the Russian law applicable to the international inheritance. The aim of this thesis is to bring support to the patricians called to apply the Russian international private law in the area of inheritance
23
Fronemann, Esther. "Der Beginn der Erbfähigkeit in Fällen extrakorporaler Befruchtung : eine Untersuchung zu 1923 II BGB /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/37908578X.pdf.
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Daumiller, Barbara von. "Die Rechtswahl im italienischen internationalen Erbrecht : und ihre Auswirkungen im deutsch-italienischen Rechtsverkehr /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/367736756.pdf.
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Forest, Nicolas. "Successions et libéralités dans l'Iran mazdéen." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP007.
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A l'instar du droit romain, le droit successoral mazdéen distinguait les présomptions simples et irréfragables, connaissait la représentation successorale, la théorie des comourants, le droit d'accession le rapport des libéralités; en matière de règlement du passif, il appliquait la règle nemo liberalis nisi liberatus, permettait aux créanciers successoraux de bénéficier du privilège de la séparation des patrimoines, soumettait les cohéritiers débiteurs à une obligation in solidum ; en matière de droit de la filiation, il distinguait l'adoption simple de l'adoption plénière. Enfin, l'un des noms de l'héritier en moyen-perse, le xwāstagdār (litt. « possesseur de biens »), n'est sans doute rien d'autre que le bonorum possessor du droit romain, héritier qui tenait, à l'origine, son droit de l'Edit du préteur. L'obligation, pour tout paterfamilias, d'engendrer un garçon afin de perpétuer son lignage et d'assurer son existence future dans l'au-delà, est à l’origine de deux institutions successorales essentielles, l'ayōgēnīh (obligation pour l'épouse, la fille ou la soeur du défunt de mettre au service de celui-ci sa capacité reproductive afin de lui procurer un enfant mâle, sur le modèle de la putrikā indienne ou de la fille épiclère en Grèce) et la stūrīh (sorte de substitution fidéicommissaire), laquelle permettait à la fois la production d’un héritier mâle au profit du de cujus et la conservation des biens de famille, puisque le bien détenu en stūrīh l'était toujours à charge de conserver et de transmettre. La nécessité de conserver les biens de famille était également satisfaite par la création de biens de mainmorte, grâce aux fondations charitables (pad ahlawdād)<br>Like the roman law, the mazdean inheritance law knew the rebuttable and irrebuttable presumptions, the right of representation, the right of accession, the collatio bonorum (return of property to the mass of the succession), made application of the commorientes rule, the rule nemo liberalis nisi liberatus, protected the creditors of the deceased by reserving the estate for them and excluding the creditors of the heir when he was insolvent (separatio bonorum), subjected the debtor joint heirs to an obligation in solidum, distinguished between the adoptio plena and the adoptio de minus plena. Finally, one of the names of the heir in middle-persian, the xwāstagdār (litt. «possessor of the properties»), is doubtless nothing else than the bonorum possessor of the roman law, the heir to whom the possession of an estate was given by the praetor. The obligation, for every paterfamilias, to get a male child in order to secure his issue and its future existence in the afterlife, is at the source of two essential institutions of this law, namely the ayōgēnīh (obligation for the wife, the daughter, or the sister of a deceased to put her reproductive capacity to the service of the latter in order to provide him with a male child, on the model of the Indian putrikā or the epiclere daughter in Greece) and the trust (stūrīh), the latter allowing the production of a male heir for the benefit of the deceased as well as the preservation of the family's properties, because the goods held in stūrīh had always to be kept and conveyed. The necessity of keeping the family's properties was also fulfilled by the creation of the properties of mortmain, through charitable foundations (pad ahlawdād)
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Edman, Tove, and Linnea Svantesson. "Europeiskt arvsintyg : En granskning av det internationella arvsintyget i EU:s arvsförordning." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Institutet för utländsk rätt, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27183.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the European certificate of succession, and how it affects Swedish inheritance law. The European certificate of succession is a European document that will be introduced in august 2015 in the EU regulation of succession. The certificate of succession is meant to simplify the current process of cross-border inheritance by legitimizing the concerned parties, which according to the regulation are: heirs, legatees, executors of wills and administrators of the estate. According to the regulation, the member state of which the deceased had habitual residence shall have jurisdiction to rule on the succession as a whole. Since the certificate is a European document, it will have legal effect in all member states. Because of this, a decision from one authority/court in a member state will also be applicable in the other member states. This means that national law in a certain capacity becomes cross-border law, which requires strong regulation. The certificate itself cannot be counted as an estate inventory, choice of law, will, or similar. It can however be a basis for a decision concerning inheritance. The certificate can be considered as an acknowledgement of a decision from one member state, which will also be applicable in the other member states. In Sweden, the certificate will be issued by “Skatteverket” (the Swedish tax agency). The European certificate of succession will considerably simplify the cross-border inheritance process for EU-citizens.<br>Uppsatsens syfte är undersöka arvsintyget som rättshandling och diskutera dess följder på svensk arvsrätt. Det europeiska arvsintyget är en europeisk rättshandling som kommer införas i augusti 2015 i samband med EU:s nya arvsförordning. Arvsintyget är menat att förenkla processen vid gränsöverskridande arvsfrågor genom att legitimera de berörda parterna. Vilka enligt förordningen är: arvtagare, testamentstagare, boutredningsmän och testamentsexekutorer. I och med den nya arvsförordningen kommer hemvistprincipen få en större roll inom den europeiska arvsrätten och arvsintyget kan då användas för att förmedla ett domslut/bestämmande från en medlemsstat till en annan. Även universalitetsprincipen är av stor vikt vid behörighetsfrågor om gränsöverskridande arv, då den innebär att all kvarlåtenskap ska ingå i samma boutredning. Eftersom arvsintyget är en europeisk rättshandling kommer den ha rättsverkan i alla EU-länder som är bundna av arvsförordningen. Därför kommer ett beslut från myndighet/domstol i en medlemsstat även gälla i andra medlemsstater, vilket meddelas genom arvsintyget. Detta leder till att nationell lag i viss kapacitet blir gränsöverskridande, vilket kräver strikt reglering. Arvsintyget kan inte i sig självt räknas som en fördelning av kvarlåtenskap, lagvalsavtal eller liknande. Det kan dock ligga till grund för beslutande angående arvsskifte. Arvsintyget kan anses vara en kvittens av ett beslut från en medlemsstat, vilket ska gälla även i andra medlemsstater. Arvsintyget kommer i Sverige utfärdas av Skatteverket och kommer betydligt underlätta för EU-medborgare vid gränsöverskridande arvsfrågor.
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Dube, Misheck. "Widowhood and property inheritance in Zimbabwe: experiences of widows in Sikalenge ward, Binga District." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/200.
Full textAbstract:
Zimbabwean widows need to inherit property when their husbands die. Property, be it material or financial in nature, is a source of sustenance and wealth. Depriving women of property inheritance rights has untold consequences. This study focuses on the property inheritance rights of widows in Zimbabwe in the Sikalenge Ward of Binga District. The aim of the study is to understand how property grabbing affects widows and to find possible solutions and intervention strategies social workers may use. The literature reviewed in the study was drawn from both the legal field and social work to create a link between the fields. The study was shaped by radical feminism for conceptualising property grabbing while the formulated intervention strategies utilised the empowerment model. The study is qualitative in nature using interviews to collect data from ten widows and five social service providers who constitute the total of fifteen participants in the study. Data was analysed qualitatively using interpretive approaches and presentation is textual rather than statistical. The main finding of the study is that widows are still being denied their inheritance rights despite the provision of such rights by the Intestate Succession Laws promulgated in November 1997 by the government of Zimbabwe. Moreover, the widows are not aware of the inheritance laws of Zimbabwe and hence did not seek any professional intervention. The few who attempted the legal process for recourse were not successful. Even though it was minimally attempted, the study established that the main form of failed intervention tried by the women was legal in nature and suggests and emphasises an eminent need for Social Work intervention to supplement legal intervention.
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Lohmann, Villena Guillermo. "The assignment of the right to participate in the heritage." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/108682.
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Article 1209 of the Peruvian Civil Code regulates the situation in which the sole heiror any of them decides to transfer all or partof its estate to a third party, including rights and obligations. This is commonly known asan assignment of inheritance.In this article, the author presents a complete analysis on how the assignment of inheritance operates in certain situations, emphasizing in issues related to the liability of the assignee against creditors and the role of the transferor, as well as the necessary formalities for the transference.<br>El artículo 1209 del Código Civil regula el supuesto en que el heredero único o algunode los herederos de un patrimonio decidentransferir todo o parte de su patrimonio a untercero, incluyendo derechos y obligaciones. Esto, comúnmente, se conoce como cesión deherencia.En el presente artículo, el autor nos presenta un completo análisis respecto a cómo opera la cesión de herencia en determinados supues- tos, haciendo hincapié en los temas referentes a la responsabilidad del cesionarios frente a los acreedores y el rol del cedente, así como las formalidades que se debe seguir para llevar a cabo dicha cesión.
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Salu, Renata Ramos. "Efetivação do direito à herança." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8902.
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-23<br>From the analysis of the social, legal and economic rights of
inheritance, it is very important to study the realization of the right to succession -
promoted to a fundamental right - that can be achieved through some tutelage in
our existing law, among which stand the action of application of inheritance.
Given this scenario, the focus of this study is to define the
contours of the action of the application of inheritance - conceived for the heir
passed over in succession plead all the property inherited, based on the law and
not merely the procedural aspects.
Thus, in an attempt to offer a general theory of action under
discussion, we leave its basic aspects, developing a broader overview of the
succession causa mortis, and toured the right compared to the end, we face the
issue widely discussed in doctrine and in court about the statue of limitations of
that action<br>A partir da análise dos efeitos sociais, jurídicos e econômicos do
direito sucessório, revela-se de suma importância o estudo da efetivação do
direito à sucessão alçado à categoria de direito fundamental que pode ser
alcançada por meio de algumas tutelas existentes em nosso direito, dentre as
quais se destaca a ação de petição de herança.
Tendo em vista esse cenário, o foco deste trabalho é delimitar os
contornos da ação de petição de herança idealizada para que o herdeiro
preterido na sucessão pleiteie a universalidade dos bens hereditários, tendo como
base o direito material e não apenas os aspectos processuais.
Assim, na tentativa de oferecer uma teoria geral da ação em
comento, partimos dos seus aspectos basilares, traçando um panorama geral
sobre a sucessão causa mortis, e excursionamos pelo direito comparado para, ao
final, enfrentarmos a questão amplamente discutida na doutrina e nos tribunais no
tocante aos prazos prescricionais da referida ação
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Bates, Karine. "Women's property rights and access to justice in India : a socio-legal ethnography of widowhood and inheritance practices in Maharashtra." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85883.
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In India, the Hindu Succession Rights Act of 1956 allows the widow, the daughters, alongside the sons of the deceased senior male, to claim an equal share in familial property. By giving inheritance rights to daughters and widows, and not exclusively to sons, this Act proposes a radically different organization of the ideal patrilineal household, commonly referred to as "the Hindu joint family". The Act initiates a transformation of Hindu women's status through their rights to property, which implies the transformation of women's rights and duties in India.<br>Drawing on the analysis made during an extensive fieldwork period in a rural community and case studies in Pune tribunals, this thesis shows that women generally know that they have some rights to their father's and husband's property. However, for various reasons, they do not see any advantage in claiming their inheritance rights. Women often find it difficult to reconcile claiming rights with their duties as daughters (or daughters-in-law) and the social restrictions associated with widowhood. In addition, the complex relationships with the state bureaucracy often prevent them from their right to access property. In that context, before choosing a forum of justice, most women (and men) will first opt for conflict avoidance.<br>This socio-legal ethnography of women's succession rights, in the state of Maharashtra, is an anthropological contribution to the study of the dynamics of social cohesion in an environment where legal pluralism is itself in transition.
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Kitoko-Ngoma, Emmanuel. "Le droit des successions au Congo." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020094.
Full textAbstract:
De tout temps et dans toutes les sociétés l’homme dès qu’il accède à un emploi, organise sa vie pour acquérir des biens mobiliers et immobiliers afin d’en jouir de son vivant et de pouvoir les transmettre ensuite à ses héritiers après sa mort. Au CONGO le droit de succéder au de cujus était d’abord réglé selon les coutumes ; dans la partie Nord l’héritage se transmettait en se fondant sur le patriarcat qui reconnaissait la qualité d’héritier aux enfants, tandis que dans le Sud du pays où l’on pratiquait le matriarcat, les enfants considérés comme étrangers à leur père étaient exclus de sa succession. Ces règles ont survécu à l’influence du colonisateur si bien qu’après l’indépendance les congolais avaient une option entre le droit coutumier et le droit moderne français. Mais cette dualité a été une source de difficultés. Dans un souci de cohésion nationale le législateur congolais a unifié le droit successoral dans la Loi n° 073/ du 17 Octobre 1984 portant Code de la Famille. Nous traiterons ce sujet en trois parties : la première partie examinera les dispositions relatives à la dévolution de la succession, la seconde partie analysera les règles qui régissent la transmission et la liquidation de la succession et enfin la troisième partie montrera les problèmes rencontrés dans l’application du Code de la Famille<br>All the time and in all societies when man accesses a job, he organizes his life to acquire movable and immovable property. In order to enjoy his life and then to bequeath to his heirs after his death. In CONGO the law to succeed to the deceased is first governed according to the customs. In the northern part, inheritance was passed on the basis of patriarchy recognized children as heirs. Whereas in the south the matriarchy was practiced, children was considered as foreigner to their father, they were excluded from the succession. These rules have survived the influence of the colonizer, after independence Congolese had a choice between the customary law and modern law. But this duality has been a source of difficulties. With a view to social cohesion the Congolese legislator unified the law of succession in the public law 073 of October 17, 1984 concerning family code. We will treat this subject in three parts: the first part will examine the provisions for the devolution of the estate, the second part will analyze the rules that govern the transmission and liquidation of the estate. Finally the third part will show the problems encountered in the implementation of the Code of Family
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Creteau, Elodie. "Des partages d'ascendants aux libéralités-partages : Approche historique des articles 1075 et suivants du Code civil." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD027.
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Les partages des articles 1075 et suivants du Code civil permettent à un disposant de réaliser par anticipation le partage de sa succession entre ses héritiers présomptifs. Cette faculté, durant les deux siècles qui ont suivi la codification, était réservée aux seuls ascendants au profit de leurs descendants et ce n’est que par la loi du 23 juin 2006 qu’elle a été étendue en dehors de la ligne directe descendante. Cette ouverture résulte d’une évolution progressive de cet acte, réalisée tout au long du XXe siècle pour répondre aux blocages nés des interprétations divergentesdéveloppées au cours du XIXe siècle. Le caractère hybride des partages d’ascendants qui se trouvent au confluent des successions et des libéralités est une donnée établie. Tout comme une médaille est constituée d’un avers et d’un revers, les partages d’ascendants sont constitués d’un élément répartiteur et d’un élément attributif. La réunion indissociable de ces deux éléments confère aux partages des articles 1075 et suivants leur identité. Or, pour indissociables et constitutifs qu’ils soient, les deux côtés ne sont jamais perçus simultanément. Tout l’intérêt d’une approche historique des articles 1075 et suivants consiste à mettre en lumière la façon dont la médaille s’est retournée : comment l’élément attributif s’est développé jusqu’à devenir l’avers, la face principale<br>The estate distribution established by the articles 1075 s. of the civil code enables a disposer to anticipate the distribution of his inheritance between the heirs apparent. During the next two centuries which followed the codification, this ability was reserved to the only ascendants in favor of their descendants. The law of the 23rd June 2006 had the effect that it was no longer limited to the direct descending line. This opening was the result of a progressive evolution of the act, which was established all along the twentieth century in order to respond to the blockings arising from the different interpretations developed during the nineteenth century. The hybridity of the ascendants’ estate distribution, situated at the confluence of inheritance and liberalities, is an established fact. As well as a medal has an obverse and reverse side, the ascendants’ estate distribution consists of a distributive element and an attributive element. The inseparable union of these two elements gives the estate distribution established by the article 1075 s. its identity. As inseparable and constituent the obverse and reverse side might be, they are yet never perceived simultaneously, even though the reverse side is generally described by its relation with the obverse: It is the opposite of the one presented as the principal, it is the supporting side of the second listing. All the interest in a historical approach to the articles 1075 s. consist of bringing to light the way the distributive element evolved into becoming the obverse of our institution leading to a notable change of the nature of these estate distributions which nevertheless remain dual acts
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Saavedra, Velazco Renzo E. "Change for the better... not to confuse: Critical comments on the reform of the book of Inheritance." IUS ET VERITAS, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122549.
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This article analyzes and discuss critically the bill which pretendsto reform the book of inheritance. Concentrating its analysis on two points, when and how the inheritance is transferred and the limits for transferring assets to third parties, the author points out the practical complications and errors incurred by that reform.<br>El presente artículo analiza y comenta de forma crítica la reforma al libro de sucesiones. Concentrando su análisis en dos puntos, el momento y la forma en que se transfiere la herencia y los límites al causante para transferir sus activos a terceros, el autor señala las complicaciones prácticas y los errores en los que incurre la mencionada reforma.
34
Giannozzi, Elena. "Le bonus vir en droit romain." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020008.
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Le "vir bonus" apparaît à de nombreuses reprises dans les sources littéraires. Néanmoins, le"vir bonus" n’est pas seulement un idéal éthique, mais il est un critère herméneutique qui permet d’interpréter et de compléter des actes juridiques. C’est dans ce sens technique que les jurisconsultes y ont recours, au moins dès le IIe siècle av. J.-C.Le vir bonus doit être encadré dans le phénomène plus large de l’arbitrage à Rome et il doit être distinct de l’"arbiter ex compromisso". Il est surtout employé dans le domaine du droit des obligations et du droit des successions. Il est donc utilisé pour les actes juridiques bilatéraux et unilatéraux. Parfois le renvoi à l’homme de bien implique la présence d’un tiers qui est appelé à décider comme le ferait un "vir bonus" ; il a toutefois souvent une valeur objective.Dans cette hypothèse, le jugement de l’homme de bien (arbitratus boni viri) a une valeur abstraite. Si un lien existe entre les concepts de "vir bonus" et de "bona fides", le critère herméneutique de l’homme de bien est utilisé aussi dans des actes juridiques qui sont sanctionnés par une action "stricti iuris". L’emploi de l’"arbitratus boni viri" permet de rendre plus flexible le jugement sans pour autant remettre en cause la nature de droit strict de l’action<br>The “vir bonus” is often mentioned in the sources. However, the “vir bonus” is not only an ethical ideal, but also a hermeneutic criterion that allows us to interpret and integrate the legal acts. This is the technical meaning given to it by the jurisconsults, at least starting from the II century a.C..The “vir bonus” should be replaced in the general context of Roman arbitration and distinguished from the “arbiter ex compromisso”. In particular, the “vir bonus” is used the field of obligation and inheritance rights. Therefore, it is used in bilateral as well as unilateral judiciary stores. At times, speaking of the “vir bonus” a third party is implied, called into question through the role and actions of a “vir bonus”; however, this third party often has an objective value. In this hypothesis, an honest man’s judgment (“arbitratus boni viri”) has an abstract value. Even though there is a link between the concepts of “vir bonus” and “bona fides”, the hermeneutic criterion of the “vir bonus” is also used in the actions that are “stricti iuris”. The use of the “arbitrates”“boni viri” allows judgment to be more flexible without questioning the “stricti iuris” nature of the action
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Kson-Bouvet, Anna-Gaëlle. "Recherche sur les instruments de contournement de la réserve héréditaire des descendants." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020053/document.
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A l'heure où la famille moderne se conçoit au pluriel, à l'heure où les ascendants organisent en amont la transmission et la dévolution de leur patrimoine, à l'heure où la mondialisation prône l'uniformisation du droit et la fin des spécificités étatiques, il est nécessaire de s'interroger sur l'avenir de la réserve héréditaire. Les parents ne souhaitent plus être privés de leur pouvoir de disposer librement de leur patrimoine, même pour cause de mort. Que répondre à un père qui angoisse à l'idée de voir son patrimoine dilapidé par un enfant ingrat avec lequel il ne vit que de conflits ? Que dire à cet enfant qui a vu son frère avantagé par décision maternelle, de manière abusive et arbitraire ? Quels conseils donner à ces individus qui ouvrent chaque jour la porte de nos offices pour demander l'aide de leur notaire ? Que dire à cet époux qui veut protéger son conjoint de la véhémence d’enfants d’un premier lit ? Afin de leur répondre dans la pratique, appliquons-nous à étudier les moyens de contourner cette réserve héréditaire. Attachons-nous à vérifier leur efficacité. Au-delà des mécanismes classiques du Code civil tels que le testament et la donation, l'intérêt de cette thèse est de se tourner vers des mécanismes plus complexes, afin de répondre aux parents déçus par leur progéniture, mais aussi à eux, enfants lésés, pour leur donner des moyens juridiques de contrer une injuste privation. Il est utile de comprendre et de connaître ce qu’il est possible de faire pour transmettre son patrimoine avec une liberté recouvrée sans risquer les foudres de la loi. A travers l’étude de ces instruments, de leur efficacité et de leur traitement tant légal que familial, la question de la modernisation de la réserve ressurgit. La famille change, et avec elle, la conception traditionnelle de la réserve héréditaire<br>At a time when the modern family is conceived in the plural, at a time when ascendants organize upstream transmission and devolution of their heritage, at a time when globalization advocates the standardization of law and the end of specificities States, it is necessary to question the future of the hereditary reserve. Parents no longer wish to be deprived of their power to freely dispose of their patrimony, even for reasons of death. What to answer to a father who is anxious about seeing his heritage squandered by an ungrateful child with whom he lives only conflicts ? What to say to this child who saw his brother favored by maternal decision, in an abusive and arbitrary way ? What advice can be given to those individuals who open the door of our offices every day to ask the help of their notary ? What to say to this husband who wants to protect his spouse from the angry of children from a first bed ? In order to answer them in practice, let us study ways of circumventing this hereditary reserve. Let's focus on checking their effectiveness. Beyond the classical mechanisms of the Civil Code such as the will and the gift, the interest of this thesis is to turn to more complex mechanisms, in order to answer the parents disappointed by their offspring, but also to them, children wronged to give them legal means to counter unfair deprivation. It is useful to understand and know what can be done to transmit one's heritage with a recovered freedom without risking the wrath of the law. Through the study of these instruments, their efficiency and their legal and family treatment, the question of the modernization of the reserve resurfaces. The family changes, and with it, the traditional conception of the hereditary reserve
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Miralles, Bellmunt Miquel. "La posició del cònjuge i del convivent en parella estable supervivent en el Dret civil de Catalunya." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/360846.
Full textAbstract:
En aquesta tesi doctoral s’analitza la normativa que determina la posició del cònjuge i del convivent en parella estable supervivent, quan es dissol el matrimoni regit pel règim econòmic matrimonial de separació de béns o l’extinció de la parella estable a la qual se li aplica el Dret civil de Catalunya, amb motiu del traspàs de l’altre cònjuge o convivent, amb veïnatge civil català.
La conclusió a què s’arriba és que la posició del cònjuge vidu ha anat millorant des de la reforma de la Compilació del Dret civil de Catalunya de 1984, en un procés d’adequació als canvis socials i econòmics que s’han produït en les concepcions de les famílies durant les últimes dècades. Aquests canvis també han permès la regulació de la convivència estable en parella.
Tanmateix, encara hi ha marge perquè el nostre Dret civil evolucioni i s’adeqüi d’una manera més efectiva a les necessitats de la majoria dels ciutadans de Catalunya, que són els que tenen un patrimoni de consum o de subsistència.
En aquest sentit, entenem que caldria atribuir drets de caràcter legitimari a favor del supervivent en la successió voluntària, ja sigui en propietat o en usdefruit, o disminuir les quotes legitimàries dels descendents; derogar la quarta vidual; situar el supervivent en el primer lloc en els ordres successoris intestats i derogar l’usdefruit; així com derogar l’any de viduïtat. Pel que fa a la compensació per raó de treball en cas de mort, probablement tindrà una aplicació molt residual i no comportarà cap millora significativa per al cònjuge o convivent supervivent. La raó és que les atribucions per causa de mort s’imputen al pagament del crèdit a favor del cònjuge o convivent supervivent. Per al supòsit que s’arribés a atribuir al supervivent la condició de legitimari, caldria derogar aquesta institució.
Quant al règim de separació de béns la denominació no concorda amb el seu contingut, degut als canvis que s’han anat produint. També es palesa que fora de la regulació d’aquest règim de béns hi ha correctius. Així l’any de viduïtat i la regulació en seu de Dret de família de les adquisicions oneroses amb pacte de supervivència només poden tenir sentit en el règim legal supletori. El procés de millora del cònjuge vidu en la successió intestada, en el fons ha estat pensat com un pal·liatiu, per tal de corregir les desigualtats que pot produir el règim de separació de béns. Pel que fa a la quarta vidual, la finalitat continua essent bàsicament la protecció del cònjuge vidu, que com a conseqüència del règim legal de béns, es pot trobar quan mor el seu consort que hagi atorgat testament, mancat de mitjans econòmics suficients. Per tant, hi ha uns vasos comunicants entre aquestes institucions i el règim de separació de béns.
Pel que fa a la convivència estable en parella, proposem establir algun tipus de vinculació entre la llei aplicable a l’establiment de la convivència i l’anomenat “règim convivencial.”<br>En esta tesis doctoral se analiza la normativa que determina la posición del cónyuge y del conviviente en pareja estable superviviente, cuando se disuelve el matrimonio regido por el régimen económico matrimonial de separación de bienes o la extinción de la pareja estable a la que se aplica el Derecho civil de Catalunya, con motivo de la muerte del otro cónyuge o conviviente, con vecindad civil catalana.
La conclusión a la cual se llega es que la posición del cónyuge viudo ha ido mejorando desde la reforma de la Compilación del Derecho civil de Catalunya de 1984, en un proceso de adecuación a los cambios sociales y económicos que se han ido produciendo en las concepciones de las familias durante las últimas décadas. Estos cambios también han permitido la regulación de la convivencia estable en pareja.
Sin embargo, todavía queda margen para que el Derecho civil de Catalunya evolucione y se adecue de una manera más efectiva a las necesidades de la mayoría de los ciudadanos de Catalunya, que son los que tienen un patrimonio de consumo o de subsistencia.
En este sentido, entendemos que sería necesario atribuir derechos de carácter legitimario a favor del sobreviviente en la sucesión voluntaria, ya sea en propiedad o en usufructo, o disminuir las cuotas legitimarias de los descendiente; derogar la cuarta viudal; situar al sobreviviente en el primer lugar de los órdenes sucesorios intestados i derogar el usufructo y también el año de viudedad. Por lo que se refiere a la compensación económica por razón de trabajo en caso de muerte, probablemente tendrá una aplicación muy residual i no conllevará ninguna mejora significativa para el cónyuge o el conviviente sobreviviente. La razón es que las atribuciones por causa de muerte se imputan al pago del crédito a favor del cónyuge o del conviviente superviviente. Para el supuesto de que se llegase a atribuir al sobreviviente la condición de legitimario, procedería la derogación de esta institución.
Respecto al régimen de separación de bienes la denominación no concuerda con su contenido, debido a los cambios que se han ido produciendo. También se pone de manifiesto que fuera de la regulación de este régimen de bienes hay correctivos. Así el año de viudedad y la regulación en sede de Derecho de familia de las adquisiciones onerosas con pacto de supervivencia sólo pueden tener sentido en el régimen legal supletorio. El proceso de mejora del cónyuge viudo en la sucesión intestada, en el fondo ha sido pensado como un paliativo, para corregir las desigualdades que puede producir el régimen de separación de bienes. Por lo que se refiere a la cuarta viudal, la finalidad continua siendo básicamente la protección del cónyuge viudo, que como consecuencia del régimen legal de bienes, se puede encontrar cuando muere su consorte que haya otorgado testamento, sin medios económicos suficientes. Por lo tanto, hay unos vasos comunicantes entre estas instituciones y el régimen de separación de bienes.
En cuanto a la convivencia estable en pareja, proponemos establecer algún tipo de vinculación entre la ley aplicable al establecimiento de la convivencia y el llamado “régimen convivencial”.<br>This thesis examines the Catalan law's regulation that determines the position of the widow when a marriage that is governed by separation of assets ends by death of one of the spouses. It also examines the position of the surviving cohabitant when the cohabitation ends by death of one of them, provided that Catalan Law applies to the cohabitation.
The conclusion is that the position of the widowed spouse has improved since the reform of the Compilation of Civil Law of Catalonia in 1984, in a process of adaptation to social and economic changes that have occurred in the conceptions of the family during the last decades. These changes have also allowed the regulation of stable cohabiting couples.
However, our civil law's evolution must go on to adapt itself more effectively to the needs of the majority of the middle class citizens of Catalonia.
In this regard, we believe that the voluntary succession should be reformed in order that the surviving spouse or the surviving cohabiting becomes a forced heir, whether in property or usufruct, to reduce the legitime of the descendants and to delete the widow allowance; the widowed spouse or the surviving cohabiting should be located in the first degree of intestate succession, before children and descendants, and the year of widowhood should be abolished. Regarding the financial compensation by reason of work carried out for the household or for the other spouse in the event of death, it will not probably entail any significant improvement for the surviving spouse or cohabitant, because the Law assigns to the payment of the financial compensation any bequest ordered by the causer to the surviving spouse or cohabitant. If the widowed spouse and the surviving cohabitant become forced heirs, the financial compensation should be repealed in the event of death.
The noteworthy changes introduced to the matrimonial property regime of separation of assets (the default regime if the spouses haven't agreed another one) have caused that its content does not correspond with the preserved name.
In addition, there are other mechanisms to correct undesired effects of the regime of separation of assets: the year of widowhood, and the tontine clause in the acquisitions of assets by both spouses. The improvement of the position of the widow and the surviving cohabitant in intestate succession pursues the same purpose. Regarding to widowed allowance (despite the name, the surviving cohabitant may also claim it), it aims to protect the widowed who, with their own assets, those he/she may be entitled to owing to the settlement of the financial marriage system and those that the causer attributes to him/her mortis causa or in consideration of death, does not have sufficient financial means to meet their needs. Therefore, there are communicating vessels between these institutions and the matrimonial property regime of separation of assets.
Regarding cohabiting couples, there should be some kind of link between the law applicable to the cohabiting couples and the "cohabitational regime."
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Schwarz, Ulrike. "'To farm or not to farm' : succession, inheritance and gender." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27353.
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Using a whole family approach the theses examines ten families owning medium sized farms in the south east of Scotland. The attitudes to gender are reflected in expectations and job allocations which result in a restrictive environment, making it difficult for daughters or wives to show interest or to be involved in the farm and also for sons to turn away from agriculture. In the same vein, who does what task usually depends on availability, expertise and personal preference and is not gender-neutral. However, the research also revealed, that the presence of stock on the farm makes it more likely for female family members to be involved in farming activities. All agree that ‘equal input’ should be rewarded with an equal share in the farm. However, the parents’ judgement of what is considered ‘equal input’ is influenced by traditional views of gender and the economic realities of farm succession. It is still mainly the eldest able and willing son(s) who takes over and only if there are no boys interested will the girls be given a chance to take on the family farm. (Agriculture remains a physically demanding industry while equal sub-division of the family wealth would frequently result in a non-viable outcome for the farming successor.) Overall, the thesis suggests that gendered expectations have been present throughout the whole process of children growing up and inheriting family farms, but given the right situation, these are not unsurmountable any longer.
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De, Gourcy Raphaelle. "Le statut patrimonial du conjoint survivant en droit international privé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020023.
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Le statut patrimonial du conjoint survivant est, depuis toujours, exposé à un dépeçage législatif source de difficultés de qualification et d’articulation, qu’il convenait de confronter aux évolutions connues par la matière sur le plan du droit international privé et sur celui du droit interne. Or ni l’entrée en application des règlements UE (n°650/2012 sur les successions et n°2016/1103 sur les régimes matrimoniaux), ni le mouvement de faveur pour le conjoint survivant n’ont éradiqué les difficultés affectant son statut patrimonial en droit international privé. D’où l’intérêt, dans un premier temps, d’user des ressources offertes par la qualification, la substitution, l’adaptation pour tenter de les surmonter au cas par cas ; puis, dans un second temps, de chercher à réunifier le statut du conjoint sous l’empire d’une seule loi. Deux voies permettraient d’atteindre ou, à tout le moins, de favoriser la réalisation d’une telle unité législative. Nous avons éliminé la première d’entre elles, consistant à modifier le contenu des différentes catégories de rattachement concernées soit en les fusionnant soit en étendant l’une d’entre elles. En revanche, nous avons retenu la seconde d’entre elles, reposant sur la modification du rattachement matrimonial après le décès, soit par le biais de la substitution judiciaire désormais admise par le règlement n°2016/1103, soit par le biais de l’accord inter partes déjà admis par le droit français<br>The patrimonial status of the surviving spouse has always been exposed to a legislative “dépeçage”, entailing characterization and articulation difficulties, which had to be confronted to current evolutions known in private international law and substantive law. However, neither the implementation of EU Regulations (no.650/2012 on inheritance and no.2016/1103 on matrimonial property), nor the favour for the surviving spouse have eradicated the difficulties affecting his or her patrimonial status in private international law. Hence the interest, as a first step, to apply the techniques of qualification, substitution or adaptation in an attempt to overcome these difficulties on a case by case basis; then, as a second step, to pursue the reunification of the surviving spouse’s patrimonial status under only one legislation. Two ways would enable to reach or, at least, enhance the achievement of such a legislative unity. The first solution, involving the modification of the content of the relevant connection categories, either by merging them or by extending one of them, has been eliminated. However, the second one, based on the modification of matrimonial connection after death, either by judicial substitution, as now recognized by the EU regulation no.2016/1103, or through inter partes agreement, as already recognized under French law, has been upheld
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Thurn, Nobuko Imai. "Customary practice and legal codes of succession and inheritance in Japan /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487864986610283.
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Weymuth, Annelle Zerbe. "Attitudes about intergenerational family obligations related to providing inheritance /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841347.
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Harris, Dana M. "Inheriting the age to come the legacy of the inheritance theme in Second Temple literature /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Ford, Judith. "A study of wills and will-making in the period 1500-1533 with special reference to the copy wills in the probate registers of the Archdeacon of Bedford, 1489-1533." n.p, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Perry, Melissa Anne. "State succession, boundaries and territorial regimes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338260.
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Scott, Linda Kane. "The Inheritance Novel: The Power of Strict Settlement Language in Clarissa, Evelina and Pride and Prejudice." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/ScottLK.pdf.
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Hagelin, Christopher A. "Patterns of residence and inheritance of rural Rastafarians of Jamaica." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958774.
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The objective of this thesis is to examine the patterns of residence and inheritance of rural Rastafarians of Jamaica. A historical materialist perspective is used to investigate the development of the matrifocal rural peasantry and the Rastafari movement, focusing on major economic changes which laid the foundation for the present cultural patterns. Ethnographic fieldwork was carried out from January to June 1995, in which a participantobservation methodology was used to gather data concerning patterns of residence and inheritance of 22 Rastafarians. The findings demonstrated that rural Rastas have difficulty practicing their ideal patrilineal patterns due to economic and material conditions; poverty and limited access to land impose limitations on patterns of residence and inheritance. Following a period of isolation after converting to the movement, Rastas generally must return to their mother's family to gain access to land and gardens or continue to squat in the mountains on government or private land.<br>Department of Anthropology
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Dyer, Janice Frew Bailey L. Conner. "Heir property legal and cultural dimensions of collective landownership in Alabama's Black Belt /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Theses/DYER_JANICE_41.pdf.
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Sweeney, Nicole. "Public attitudes to inheritance in Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30620/.
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This thesis seeks to provide a deeper understanding of public attitudes to inheritance in contemporary Scottish society, with particular regard to perceptions of parental obligation in an era of increased family diversity. The cornerstone of the thesis is an empirical study conducted in 2014 against the backdrop of the Scottish Law Commission’s (SLC) 2009 succession law reform proposals that would seriously curtail children’s inheritance rights. The thesis begins by contextualising the empirical study. It explains the current law of succession as it relates to provision for adult partners and children and examines the SLC’s proposed reforms. It argues that the SLC’s proposals to further bolster the spouse’s position at the expense of the deceased’s children are not supported by public opinion. Through analysis of a range of other empirical studies it demonstrates that public opinion supports continued recognition of children in succession law, particularly in reconstituted families. The second part of the thesis explains how the empirical study was planned and executed before detailing the methodological approach used to analyse the data. Having established the methodological framework, the thesis then discusses the key research findings, focusing primarily on the parent-child relationship. Firstly, it explores the obligations parents are considered to owe their children, addressing how these obligations can be reconciled with conceptions of testamentary freedom. Secondly, it examines whether parental duty is viewed differently when the deceased’s surviving spouse is not his children’s other parent and, thirdly, it asks what duty, if any, the deceased owes his stepchildren. While the parent-child relationship is the main focus of this thesis, the SLC also proposed reforms to the inheritance entitlements of half-siblings and these proposals are examined in the context of broader discussion on reconstituted families. The thesis concludes by arguing that, while the SLC rightly identifies social change as a ground for law reform, its proposed reforms fail to adequately reflect social norms in the context of the parent-child relationship. This is because the proposed reforms do not correspond to the societal changes identified: whereas the SLC acknowledges the rise in the number of reconstituted families, the reforms do not adequately consider how these families can be better served by succession law. Instead, confronted with increased family diversity, the SLC opts for simplicity, privileging the spouse ahead of all others regardless of the effect this will have on children in reconstituted families.
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Mnisi, Sindiso. "The interface between living cutomary law(s) of succession and South African state law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527359.
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Cheng, Grace. "When parents die: locating children's right to economic security in South Africa's law of succession and guardianship." Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33680.
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South Africa's era as a constitutional democracy has coincided with the recognition of children as independent rights-holders within its legal system. Signature and ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC) demonstrated the Republic's commitment to children's rights on the international stage. South Africa's Constitution features a dedicated section on children's rights, and enshrines the principle that the best interests of the child are ‘of paramount importance' in every matter concerning the child. Whereas Roman-Dutch and English law historically conceptualised children as their parents' property or as conduits of family property, children today enjoy enforceable legal rights to property and material support. South African law has decisively deemed the interests of children worthy of constitutional protection as legal rights. Children's rights encompass both their need for protection and their right to autonomy. In the celebrated words of Justice Sachs, in contemporary South Africa every child is to be ‘constitutionally imagined' as an individual with inherent dignity, ‘not merely as a miniature adult waiting to reach full size' or ‘a mere extension of his or her parents, umbilically destined to sink or swim with them.'
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Williams, Fiona Jayne. "The family farm through a succession lens : towards understandings of contemporary practices and processes." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158366.
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This study examines change in the family farming sector through the lens of succession. It explores empirically the succession expectations and intentions of farmers and their children in a changing contextual landscape. The research is underpinned by two theoretical concepts: the ‘farm adjustment strategy’ facilitated the development of structural reference points in respect of the family farm business and household; and application of tenets of van der Ploeg’s (1994) ‘styles’ work enabled analysis of structural change in the farm business to be viewed through a qualitative succession lens. A ‘pragmatist’ mixed-methods approach comprised a farmer survey and next generation in-depth interviews. The analytical approach accommodated issues of temporality and facilitated the linkage and study of multiple components of change. It was found that immense variability exists in terms of how succession is managed in practice. The structural characteristics and capacity of the farm business clearly impact upon succession choices and positions, but intrinsic drivers also have a very significant bearing on succession and its potential outcome. The research revealed three broad outcomes of next generation succession intention, each forming the basis of a succession style: a desire and intention to succeed to the family farm, reflected in more traditional succession modes; an intention to leave the family farm, thus opting out of farming per se; and part-time succession, characterised by off-farm professional work, flexibility and a lifestyle preference that encompasses aspects of farming and non-farming worlds. The findings presented in this thesis suggest that, through succession, forms of farm management and operation are evolving. Family farming entities are adapting and becoming increasingly heterogeneous. Through a contemporary succession lens, the notion of the family farm now comprises an assortment of family-owned and family-managed businesses with an array of diversified business, amenity and farming interests.