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Academic literature on the topic 'Inibidores de histona desacetilases'
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Journal articles on the topic "Inibidores de histona desacetilases"
Menditi, Karla Baptista da Cunha, and Hye Chung Kang. "O Papel das Proteínas Histonas nas Neoplasias Hematológicas." Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia 53, no. 4 (December 31, 2007): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.2007v53n4.1787.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Inibidores de histona desacetilases"
Blank, Martina. "Regulação epigenética na formação da memória aversiva : modulação via inibidores de histona desacetilases." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/119754.
Full textThe chromatin state directly impacts gene expression triggered by memory formation. Therefore, this process is of great interest to the biomedical area. Critical regulators of chromatin state and gene transcription are the epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and posttranslational modifications of histone proteins. One of the most studied postranslational modification of histones is histone acetylation. When histones are acetylated, chromatin is in a relaxed conformation allowing gene expression. Lysine acetylation is catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and is reversed by the action of histone deacetylases (HDACs). The use of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) is helping to elucidate genetic mechanisms of learning and memory. Our work is based on the hypothesis that HDACs activity is crucial for inhibitory avoidance (IA) learning responses modulation and the idea that histone acetylation is an essential step. The data presented in this work demonstrate that infusion of Trichostatin A (TSA) or Sodium Butyrate (NaB) intrahipocampally produced memory enhancement. Moreover, TSA showed two waves of memory enhancing effects when given immediately or 3 h after training coinciding with the observed waves of protein synthesis and PKA activation for memory formation. Our study also demonstrates that the enhancement of IA memory consolidation depends on the integrity of basolateral amygdala (BLA) since its functional inactivation by muscimol (MUS) completely blocked the enhancing effect of TSA infused in the rat hippocampus. Here, we also demonstrate that intraperitoneal administration of NaB immediately after training led to memory enhancement in aged rats with no cognitive deficit. Surprisingly, NaB had no effect in younger rats with normal memory retention. Finally, data presented here also demonstrate that TrkB activity in the hippocampus is crucial for long-term memory (LTM) since administration of a TrkB receptor antagonist, ANA-12, in the dorsal hippocampus immediately after training or retrieval led to memory retention impairment. Moreover, infusion of NaB before training prevented this impairing effect of TrkB antagonism. Taken together, these results show that epigenetic modulation by HDACs activity is required for memory formation. Our data also supports the idea of HDACs playing critical roles in learning and memory interacting with intracellular signaling pathways triggered by these processes.
Silva, Fabiana Brandão Alves. "Aspectos epigenéticos da virulência em Cryptococcus neoformans : papel das histonas desacetilases." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/21024.
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Os genes de histonas desacetilases (HDAC) são altamente conservados entre diferentes espécies e dirigem importantes processos epigenéticos na manutenção da estrutura e funcionamento do genoma. Entretanto, o papel das HDAC na regulação dos traços de virulência de patógenos permanece pobremente explorado. O fungo patogênico em humanos Cryptococcus neoformans passa por mudanças fenotípicas que promovem persistência e sobrevida dentro do hospedeiro ou em nichos ecológicos. Tais mudanças estão associadas à regulação diferencial da expressão gênica. Neste contexto, inicialmente foi avaliado o efeito de dois inibidores químicos de histona desacetilases (HDACi), o butirato de sódio (NaBut) e a tricostatina A (TSA), sobre as células de C. neoformans. Os resultados demonstraram que ambos inibidores foram capazes de afetar os principais traços de virulência de C. neoformans. Em seguida, foram identificados e deletados 8 genes de HDAC de Classe I e Classe II em C. neoformans. A maioria dos processos previamente associados à virulência em C. neoformans foi afetada pelo tratamento com HDACi eou pela deleção de genes: a capacidade de crescimento a 37 – 39 ºC, a formação da cápsula polissacarídica, a produção de melanina, as atividades de fosfolipase e de proteases, a formação de hifas de acasalamento e a integridade da parede celular. Os mutantes de HDAC também mostraram defeitos na sobrevivência intracelular quando co-cultivados com macrófagos murinos, assim como virulência comprometida nos modelos de infecção de Galleria mellonella e camundongos. A histona desacetilase Clr3 foi apontada como um importante regulador da virulência em C. neoformans. A linhagem de C. neoformans clr3mutante mostrou-se hipovirulenta em ambos os modelos de criptococose animal. Outrossim, a análise de RNA-seq indicou que a proteína Clr3 regula a expressão de vários genes importantes para a adaptação e sobrevivência de C. neoformans ao ambiente hospedeiro. Os resultados indicam que a remodelação da cromatina, por meio das conservadas HDAC, é um importante mecanismo envolvido na virulência de C. neoformans. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) genes are highly conserved among different species, directing one of the most important epigenetic processes regulating gene expression – chromatin remodeling. However, the role of HDACs in the regulation of virulence traits in pathogens remains poorly explored. The human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans undergoes phenotypic changes to promote persistence and survival inside the host or in specific ecological niches. Very likely, these changes are associated with epigenetic regulation. In this context, we initially evaluated the effect of two chemical inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACi): Sodium butyrate (NaBut) and Trichostatin A (TSA). The results showed that both were able to impair the expression of the main virulence traits of C. neoformans. Based on these data, we identified and deleted eight genes encoding predicted class I/II HDACs in C. neoformans. In this way, we predicted that we would be able to assign specific function to each HDAC, especially in regards to virulence trait expression. Phenotypes of specific HDAC mutant strains indicate that individual proteins control non-identical but overlapping cellular processes associated with virulence. In the other hand, for some genes we also have observed an opposite regulation. Most processes previously related to virulence in C. neoformans were affected here, such as thermotolerance (growth at 37-39 oC); capsule, melanin and protease formation; and cell wall integrity. Additionally, defects in mating and hyphal development were observed for the clr3HDAC mutant strain. HDAC mutants also displayed defects in intracellular survival when co-cultured with activated macrophages, a finding highly correlated with altered virulence in vivo. Also, we tested the virulence in Galleria mellonella and mice. Overall our results support that the Clr3 histone deacetylase is a newly identified regulator of fungal virulence. The corresponding mutant was hypovirulent in both animal models of cryptococcosis. Furthermore transcriptional profiling shows that the Clr3 protein regulates the expression of many genes that are important for the adaptation of C. neoformans for survival inside the host. Our work displays that chromatin remodeling by the conserved histone deacetylases is an important mechanism behind the virulence of C. neoformans.
Almeida, Viviane Rösner. "Influência do bloqueio do receptor do peptídeo liberador de gastrina em combinação com inibição de histona deacetilase sobre a proliferação de células de neuroblastoma." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29031.
Full textSassi, Felipe de Almeida. "Redução da proliferação celular e aumento da expressão de marcadores neurais de células-tronco de glioblastoma humano expostas a um inibidor de histona deacetilase." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/90482.
Full textGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM), because of its fast growth and recurrence, require further investigation by the scientific community in order to find promising new therapies for these tumors, specially affecting their Cancer stem cells (CSC), which drive many tumorigenic processes. In this work we have made use of the HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A to achieve the epigenetic modulation of the U87-MG GBM cell line, as a model for CSC research. We have observed reduction of the U87 tumorspheres, which are enriched for CSC, proliferation and survival followed by morphological changes both in the treated tumorspheres and in single cells. Enhanced on the U87 differentiation was confirmed by increased levels of neuronal and glial markers such as NeuN and GFAP. Furthermore we showed evidences of cellular senescence after the TSA treatment. No effect on cell migration was found after TSA treatment. Therefore, these results demonstrate a plethora effects on differentiation, proliferation, survival of glioma cells and induction of cellular senescence by TSA, making TSA a promising agent for glioma therapy.
Reolon, Gustavo Kellermann. "Modificações pós-traducionas na cromatina e formação da memória : modulação por inibição de histonas desacetilases." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/90445.
Full textHistone acetylation is involved in synaptic plasticity and memory. This reversible reaction is catalysed by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and reversed by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Systemic administration of sodium butyrate (NaB), an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACi), at 1.2 g/kg (i.p.) immediately after training on a novel object recognition task (NOR), ameliorated aging-related memory impairments in 24 month old rats. The same dose of NaB administred i.p. 6 hours after NOR training had no effect on long-term memory (LTM) in 18 month old rats, indicating that the HDACi memory enhancement is temporaly restricted to the initial phase of consolidation. NaB injection immediately after training had no effect on NOR memory in 3 month old rats. Mice trained in a NOR protocol that does not elicit neither short-term nor long-term memory by itself, when received NaB i.p. after learning, showed memory 24 hours and 7 days after acquisition. Mice trained in a NOR protocol in which memory is observed 24 hours - but not 7 days - after learning, did not show memory enhancement on the 7-day test when received i.p. NaB 1 hour before, suggesting that the HDACs inhibition had no effect on retrieval. Administration of NaB after training reversed the memory deficit at the 7-day test in mice with CREB binding protein mutated on its binding site to CREB, indicating that this site is not necessary for NaB enhancement of NOR memory. Intra-amygdala infusions of the HDACi trichostatin A immediately after training enhanced contextual, but not cued, fear conditioning LTM, indicating that the effect of HDAC inhibition may depend on the memory analysed. This study indicates that NaB ameliorated aging-related NOR memory impairments and produced an enhancement in memory persistence.
Elsner, Viviane Rostirola. "Efeito de diferentes protocolos de exercício na atividade das enzimas histona acetiltransferase e histona desacetilase em hipocampo de ratos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/35146.
Full textRegular and moderate exercise has been considered a promising neuroprotective strategy. The mechanisms by which physical exercise alters brain function are not completely clear. Our work hypothesis was that these neuroprotective properties could be related to chromatin remodeling, specifically altering the histone acetylation levels through modulation of Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) and Histone Desacetylase (HDAC) enzyme activities. The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of exercise on Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) and Histone Desacetylase (HDAC) activities in rat hippocampus at different times after treadmill exercise. Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to a non-exercised (sedentary) group and an exercised group on different protocols: a single session of exercise (running for 20 min) and a chronic treadmill exercise (running once daily for 20 min, for 2 weeks). The effects of exercise on Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) and Histone Desacetylase (HDAC) activities were measured immediately, 1 h and 18 h after the single session or the last session of chronic treadmill exercise using specific ELISA kits. The single session of exercise reduced the Histone Desacetylase (HDAC) activity and increased the Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, as well increased the HAT/HDAC balance in rat hippocampus, immediately and 1 h after exercise, indicative of histone hyperacetylation status. The chronic treadmill did not alter the Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) and Histone Desacetylase (HDAC) enzymes activity. The Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) and Histone Desacetylase (HDAC) enzymes activities were influenced by the circadian rhythm, since the HAT/HDAC ratio was significantly decreased in the early morning when compared to the afternoon. The physical exercise altered the Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) and Histone Desacetylase (HDAC) enzymes activities in Wistar rats hippocampus, presenting short term effects.
Silva, Cleandra Gregório. "Avaliação da expressão dos genes HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 e HDAC7 e seus possíveis mecanismos de silenciamento no adenocarcinoma ductal pancreático." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/143861.
Full textPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal and aggressive disease. The disruption of histone acetylation through histones deacetylases (HDACs) and expression regulation by miRNAs can lead to tumor development. In this study we assessed HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC7 expression in PDAC and non-tumoral tissue (NT) samples using experimental and databases analysis, correlated their expression levels with clinical and pathological features in patients and performed in silico investigation of HDACs regulation by miRNAs. Expression levels of HDACs were measured by qRT-PCR from 25 PDAC and 23 NT. An analysis of differential expression (DE) and correlation of HDACs and miRNAs in PDAC was performed using six Gene Expression Omnibus microarray datasets. Potential miRNA-HDACs relationships were collected from miRNA interaction databases. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. We found reduced expression in PDAC compared with NT for HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3, with P<0.05. Expression levels of HDAC7 did not significantly differ between groups. However, fold-changes were very small and probably not biologically relevant. Only HDAC2 and HDAC7 were associated with age at diagnosis and no other associations between HDAC expression and clinical features were identified. DE analysis suggested significant up-regulation of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC7, and down-regulation of HDAC3, albeit all of them associated with small fold changes. Databases analysis identified 728 miRNAs that could be HDACs regulators. Intersections among the set of miRNAs found in differential expression analysis of GSE41369 and GSE43796 and those retrieved from target prediction identified five miRNAs targeting HDAC1 (miR-188-5p, miR-539, miR-708, miR-4269 and miR-3616-3p) and three targeting HDAC2 (miR-4307, miR-944 and miR-195). HDACs expression is likely not a robust prognostic biomarker in PDAC since differential expression between groups is subtle. Also, this and previous studies indicate no or only very few associations between HDACs expression and clinicopathological features related to prognosis. Finally, miRNAs are probably not exerting a central role in HDAC regulation in PDAC.
Gonçalves, Rosângela Mayer. "O papel da autofagia na resistência de gliomas ao tratamento com temozolomida e inibidor de histonas desacetilases." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/153333.
Full textGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive type of primary brain tumor which has been associated with a dismal prognosis. In this study, we tested the efficacy of combining temozolomide (TMZ) with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) - an inhibitor of HDACs 1, 2, 3, and 6 approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma - in the viability of tumor cells. The data showed that potentiation synergism between TMZ e SAHA was not achieved due to activation of protective autophagy in vitro. The SAHA/TMZ treatment promoted arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle as soon as 48 h after drug exposure whereas apoptosis was only detected after long-lasting exposure (≥96 h). In addition, SAHA and TMZ induced autophagy as detected by flow cytometry of acridine orange stained cells and immunodetection of the lipidated form of LC3 as well as decreases in p62/SQSTM1. Autophagy preceded apoptosis, and by blocking the termination step of autophagy with chloroquine promoted a significant reduction in the viability of glioma cells which was accompanied by increased apoptosis in SAHA/TMZ treatment. Overall, the herein presented data demonstrate that autophagy impairs the efficacy of combined TMZ/SAHA, and inhibiting this phenomenon could provide novel opportunities to improve the therapeutic potential of these compounds.
Petry, Fernanda dos Santos. "Interação funcional entre o bloqueio do receptor do peptídeo liberador de gastrina e a inibição de histonas desacetilases na formação e extinção da memória." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131942.
Full textNeuropeptides are important brain signaling molecules that play a role in the regulation of emotionally-motivated memories, influencing their acquisition, consolidation, expression and extinction. Gastrin-releasing peptide selectively binds to its membrane receptor, the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), which acts as a molecular regulator of brain functions, including memory formation, emotional responses and synaptic plasticity. Findings suggest a possible functional interaction between GRPR and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin involved in common processes to GRPR. Histone acetylation, a type of chromatin modification indirectly regulated by the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) that results in an increase in gene transcription, has been also associated to memory formation in the hippocampus. Based on this, the objective of the present study was to evaluate a possible interaction between GRPR blockade and chromatin regulation by the inhibition of HDACs in the consolidation and extinction of aversive memory, as well as on hippocampal BDNF and acetylated histone H3 levels. Male Wistar rats received bilateral infusions into the dorsal hippocampus of saline or the HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate (NaB; 100 mM) and saline or the GRPR antagonist RC-3095 (1μg/0.5-μl), respectively, before and immediately after the training in inhibitory avoidance. In a second experiment, the infusions of the same drugs were given before and immediately after a retention test trial that served as extinction training. RC-3095-induced impairing effects on consolidation and extinction of aversive memory were prevented by the infusion of NaB. In addition, it was observed an increase in hipoccampal BDNF after infusions of NaB followed by RC-3095, whereas no effect was observed in H3 acetylated levels after these treatments. The results suggest that impairing effects induced by GRPR blockade on formation and extinction of aversive memory can be prevented by HDAC inhibition, and that this protective effect could be related to increased hippocampal BDNF levels. In conclusion, a dysfunction in GRP/GRPR signaling pathway can be compensated by epigenetic mechanisms to allow processes related to memory in hippocampus.
Cortés, Crignola Constanza. "Efecte de la inhibició de les histona desacetilases i d'inductors de p53 en línies cel•lulars de neuroblastoma humà." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285505.
Full textNeuroblastomas are characterized by the heterogeneity of their cell population and for their ability to transdifferentiate among the different cell phenotypes that are present in the tumor. The frequency of p53 mutations is sparingly low at the time of diagnosis, manifesting only after the initial treatment. These features are the main cause of failure of current treatments for this malignancy. The aim of this thesis was to test new therapeutic strategies that may be effective against all cell types present in the tumor, in order to avoid relapse. To this end, we decided to use two drugs with proven clinical efficacy. On one hand, the nonspecific HDAC inhibitor SAHA, which exerts its effect in a p53-independent manner, was chosen; on the other hand, the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D, which is more efficacious against cells expressing p53, was selected. In addition, we used nutlin-3 as a control to verify the impact of p53 on the effect of the actinomycin D. This work demonstrates how these drugs decrease the viability of all neuroblastoma cell lines analyzed. The mechanism and sensitivity to treatment depend on both drugs used and the cell line examined. Thus, the results suggest the potential of these compounds and their combination as a therapeutic strategy for neuroblastoma.