Journal articles: 'Ink particles'

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Wang, Jing, Yaqing Feng, and Xianggao Li. "Preparation and Characterization of Coloured Polymer Particles for Electronic Ink." Polymers and Polymer Composites 25, no. 2 (February 2017): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739111702500206.

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A new coloured polymer particle was prepared, in which chromophoric groups were introduced onto the surface of the polymer particle for use in electronic ink. The structure, morphology and thermal stability of polymer electrophoretic particles were characterized using FTIR, solid state 13C-NMR, SEM and TGA. Electrophoretic mobility measurements proved that the polymer particles had negative charges in the electrophoretic dispersion medium. Electronic ink microcapsules containing the polymer particles were prepared by coacervation. The polymer particles had a reversible electric response in the microcapsules under a DC electric field.

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Grant, Colin A., Peter C. Twigg, Richard Baker, and Desmond J. Tobin. "Tattoo ink nanoparticles in skin tissue and fibroblasts." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (May 20, 2015): 1183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.120.

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Tattooing has long been practised in various societies all around the world and is becoming increasingly common and widespread in the West. Tattoo ink suspensions unquestionably contain pigments composed of nanoparticles, i.e., particles of sub-100 nm dimensions. It is widely acknowledged that nanoparticles have higher levels of chemical activity than their larger particle equivalents. However, assessment of the toxicity of tattoo inks has been the subject of little research and ink manufacturers are not obliged to disclose the exact composition of their products. This study examines tattoo ink particles in two fundamental skin components at the nanometre level. We use atomic force microscopy and light microscopy to examine cryosections of tattooed skin, exploring the collagen fibril networks in the dermis that contain ink nanoparticles. Further, we culture fibroblasts in diluted tattoo ink to explore both the immediate impact of ink pigment on cell viability and also to observe the interaction between particles and the cells.

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Paegle, Linda, Žanna Martinsone, Ivars Vanadziņš, Ilona Pavlovska, and Lāsma Akūlova. "NUMBER OF FINE PARTICLES’ AND THEIR MASS CONCENTRATION: COMPARISON OF EMISSION OF NEW PRINTING TECHNOLOGY VERSUS TRADITIONAL LASER TECHNOLOGY." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 16, 2021): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol1.6558.

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For many years the printers have been essential part of our offices and exposures from various printing technologies have been widely researched. The main objective of this study was to compare emitted number and mass of fine particles from laser printers and new Micro Piezo technology ink jet printers during the printing process and one hour afterwards as these emissions have potential for negative health effects.Air samples were taken with the particle size spectrometer for real-time ELPI+, Dekati (air flow rate 10 l/min). Measurements were taken ~0.5 m from the printers: one hour before the test, during printing and one hour afterwards. Similar class blackwhite (b/w) and colour printer of each technology were tested. Each printer performed a 10-page and a 100-page test according to ECMA 328-1 Standard [1].During laser printer tests from 8324 to 19943 pt/cm3 fine particles were determined on printing phase from b/w and colour printers. Ink jet (Micro Piezo) printers produced less: from 3239 to 5247 pt/cm3. One hour after the printing phase for both types of laser printers’ there were 54722 to 152351 pt/cm3 particles in air and 4270 to 9579 pt/cm3 particles for ink jet printers. Detected particle mass differences was insignificant: in range of 0.002 to 0.012 mg/m³ for laser printers and 0.002 to 0.019 mg/m³ for ink jet printers. Micro Piezo technology printers emitted mass particles were with bigger median size μm.The highest number of particles was observed one hour after the printing for both tested printer technologies. Laser printers’ emitted 2.5 to 3.8 times more particles in printing phase and 12.8 to 15.9 times more after printing phase. Particle mass in mg/m³ was detected in the size range 6nm - 2.5 μm with no significant mass differences.

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Trefalt, Gregor, Marija Kosec, Danjela Kuščer, Gaj Stavber, and Barbara Malič. "Ink-jet Printing of TiO2 Suspensions." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2011, CICMT (September 1, 2011): 000247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2011-tha11.

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A general approach to prepare aqueous suspensions of inorganic particles suitable for ink-jet printing was developed. Titanium dioxide was used as the model material. Stable colloidal suspensions of TiO2 particles in water were prepared by adjusting the pH. The milling conditions were optimized in order to effectively mill the starting micron-sized powder. After 280 min of milling, the particle size was decreased to dmean = 170 nm. The fluid properties of the suspensions, i.e. viscosity and surface tension, were optimized by increasing the solid load of TiO2 powder and by addition of the surfactant triton X-100. Additionally, glycerol was added to the suspensions to control the drying behavior. The patterns of TiO2 were successfully printed on glass substrates.

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Cheng, Yun, Hongjie Zhang, Xue Zhang, Wenhui Zhang, Chuanfei Shi, Rongyao Zhu, Ting Jiao, and Haiyan Zhang. "The adsorption mechanism of water-based ink particles onto cellulosic fibers." BioResources 15, no. 4 (October 23, 2020): 9375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.9375-9384.

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Water-based flexographic-printed ink has attracted much attention due to the reduced emission of volatile organic compounds in the printing process. However, it is difficult to remove water-based ink particles with small particle size and high hydrophilicity because they are easily reabsorbed onto cellulosic fibers during wastepaper recycling. In this paper, the absorption mechanism of water-based ink particles onto fibers was studied by using isotherm models and adsorption dynamic kinetics models at different temperatures. The adsorption process was fitted to the Freundlich isotherm, and the adsorption behavior was spontaneous and exothermic processes with an increase of entropy. It fitted well with the pseudo-second-order rate model, and the equilibrium adsorption amounts at three temperature conditions were 2.55, 2.34, and 2.21 mg/g, respectively. The B value was 9.20 g·mg−1·min−1, and the Ea value was 15.6 kJ·mol−1. The results showed that it was easier to remove the water-based ink particles from cellulosic fibers under shorter contact time and higher operation temperature during wastepaper recycling. It would be helpful to optimize the wastepaper recycling operation and to develop a novel deinking process.

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Novosaduyk, Tatiana Vladimirovna, and Victoria Vadimovna Tsvetkova. "Method for microscopic monitoring of homeopathic medicines." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 17, no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v17i1.887.

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We described microscopic observation of the effects of potentiation for the first time in 2002, and presented the results at the 2013 GIRI meeting. The study continued with the development of a visual quality control method using optical microscopy. The theoretical grounds underlying this method derive from high dilution research conducted by Komissarenko [1,2]. A â€˜crushedâ€™ drop is prepared from a potentized agent with one drop of black ink for microscopy with 20 and 40 magnification. Control consisted in a similarly of a drop of water and a drop of black ink. Visual estimates were performed according to the nature of the black ink particle movement, considering spin rate, randomness severity and/or motion directionality. Specimens were animal, vegetable and mineral origin, in cultivations from 1 to 1500 ÑH prepared by different manufactures from 1995 to 2016. For many years we looked for a way to visualize the ink particle motion under microscope by means of video files. However, this procedure proved to be too difficult from the technical point of view. Now this problem is solved. Thanks to the collaboration of specialists from St. Petersburg and Russia, a number of video files could be made, that demonstrate the difference of the particle motion black ink in various homeopathic remedies. In this presentation, we will show video files depicting the Brownian motion of ink particles in water and diluted up to 1500cH. All samples had characteristic patterns of ink micro particles motion that were different between control and test samples and also between test samples of previous and consequent dilutions. Gradual acceleration of micro particles spin is observed in samples from 1 to 10 ÑH. The movement remains chaotic. Spin velocity stops increasing from 10 ÑH to 30 ÑH, however movement of particles becomes unidirectional. This effect continues to increase in other samples up to 1500 ÑH. No gaps/leaps of these effects were found in consecutive survey of homeopathized remedies of 1 to 1500 ÑH. These changes are the same in all the investigated homeopathic medicines. The observed phenomenon was so significant, that we could distinguish the level of potentiation of the various homeopathic preparations. The directed motion of ink particles in potentized solutions fades when in storage. The molecular motion becomes chaotic again, i.e., it recovers the Brownian pattern when the solutions are agitated. A few shakes are sufficient to completely reconstruct the typical pattern of the original homeopathic preparation. In destroyed homeopathic medicines the pattern of chaotic motion of particles of ink is preserved irrespective of the amount and strength of agitation. The method of visual quality control described here easily solves issues related with the performance, storage and use peculiarities of homeopathic medicines. To conclude, effects of potentiation can be detected under optical microscopy. The method is simple to perform and allows distinguishing homeopathic medicines in a reliable manner. Therefore, this technique has potential for application in practice and research.

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Zhang, Xiao Lin, and Ru Min Wang. "OMG Neutral Deinking Technical Conditions and Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 1351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1351.

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Single factor experiment was used to investigate neutral deinking technology of old magazine paper (OMG) by self-compounded NTM-2 deinking agent. Olympus inverted biological microscope were used to research distribution state of ink particles in the secondary pulp before and after deinking treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze fiber surface changing during neutral deinking and ink particles dispersing behaviors in the paper. The results showed that NTM-2 deinking agent had a good deinking effect to OMG, optimum operation conditions of neutral deinking was NTM-2 0.5%, deinking temperature 50°C, deinking time 40min, repulper time 25s, pulp consistence 1.0%, and floatation time 6 min. Under these conditions, brightness of the deinked pulp increased 8.4%SBD, and the ink removal efficiency reached by 90%. Olympus inverted biological microscope images showed that there were a large number of ink particles in the un-treated pulp, and these ink particles integrated with fibers tightly. After treated by neutral deinking, most of ink particles were separated from the fiber, dispersed and suspended in the pulp evenly. SEM images indicated that there were little ink particles in the secondary paper, the fiber surface turned more smoother, and the clean degree would nearly corresponding to the effect of alkaline deinking.

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Peng, Xu Hui, Yuan Le, Shu Guang Bian, Wo Yuan Li, Kuang Yang, and Jian Feng Chen. "Dispersibility and Charge Property of Different Surface Modified Titanium Dioxide as Electrophoretic Particles." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.563.

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To prepare stable electrophoretic ink (E Ink) contains titanium dioxide particles, oil soluble red, dispersant and tetrachloroethylene (TCE), the modification of organic and inorganic material onto the particle surface was investigated. Modified particles were characterized by measurement of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to confirm the composites and structures. The electrophoretic properties of sample in TCE were investigated by static sedimentation experiment and electrophoresis instrument. The type of inorganic and organic materials used for the surface modification influence dispersibility and charge property of particles. On the whole, organic modified particles especially modified by anionic surfactant show better properties. The process conditions were investigated in detail using SDBS as the modifier. The dispersibility and charge property have significantly improved in optimized modifying condition that the proportion of surfactant is 15%, pH is 6 and reaction time is 1 hour which means SDBS modified TiO2 is suitable for electrophoretic particles.

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Yang, Yu, Yan Yan Cui, Guang Xue Chen, and Ming Hui He. "Preparation and Study of Ink-Jet Printing of Ag Based Conductive Ink on Paper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 731 (January 2015): 524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.731.524.

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Compared with the lithography and traditional technology, ink-jet printing technology has huge advantages such as reducing costs, improving production efficiency and reducing environment damage. The silver nanoparticles conductive ink used as core material in ink-jet printing technology has been greatly developed. At present, the conductive inks for printed circuit usually has high sintering temperature, low adhesion, poor mechanical properties, high cost, which limit the further industrial application. In this paper, nano silver pulp was prepared through liquid phase reduction method, and a self-made protective agent ensured that the particle size distribution of silver particles is about 5nm. The above silver pulp was dispersed in the organic resin to get conductive ink with 20% (wt%) silver content. Under 170°Csintering, the electrical conductivity of the ink layer was 1.15×104S/m.

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Tang, Bao Lin, Guang Xue Chen, Qi Feng Chen, and Jing Lei Tai. "Research and Manufacture of Nano-Silver Conductive Ink." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.405.

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Printing electronics technology promotes the application of conductive ink. In this paper, the manufacture of nano-sliver conductive ink is investigated. First, Spherical silver nano-particles were reduced from silver nitrate solution by liquid chemical reduction method, with hydrazine hydrate as reductant and PVP as surface-protection reagent. SEM was used to characterize the morphology of silver powders, and the mean particles size is 62.79 nm. Then, conductive ink was prepared with nano-silver particles made in this research as conductive fillers, polyurethane resin and acrylic resin as binders, and stearic acid as dispersant. In the last, the conductive ink was printed on the PCB substrate by screening printing. After the ink is dried, conductivity, abrasion resistance, and adhesion were tested. The experiment results shows that the order of sheet resistivity magnitude is 10-4Ω•m, the number of rubbing fastness is more than 6000, and the adhesion can be resisted repeatedly to tape tear.

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Li, Wei Wei, Lu Hai Li, Li Xin Mo, and Ji Lan Fu. "Effect of Polyvinylpyrrolidone Ratio on Synthesis of High Concentration Nano-Silver Colloid." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.381.

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Conductive ink, especially the nano-silver ink is becoming more and more popular in printable electronic field. In order to synthesize high concentration, stable nano-silver colloid, liquid chemical reduction is used and different ratios of PVP to silver nitrate are studied. After precise adjustments of the parameters, colloid with silver content of wt7.8% is obtained. Particle size distribution, UV-Vis spectra, thermo gravimetric analysis and SEM images are conducted to characterize the silver particles. The results show that when molar ratio of PVP to silver nitrate is 0.6, the average particle size is 170nm and some deposit can be seen, while the ratio increases to 1.5, the size decreases to 68nm, and the residue quality of the silver colloid showed in the TG analysis is 7.88%. After aging for 1 month, the colloid is still stable and the color keeps to the original dark green. When the ratio continues increasing to 2.5, particle size becomes 112nm and some larger particles beyond 3μm can be observed.

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Restrepo, Jose J., and Henry A. Colorado. "Additive manufacturing of composites made of epoxy resin with magnetite particles fabricated with the direct ink writing technique." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 5 (July 23, 2019): 647–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319865019.

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In this investigation, particulate composites materials made of epoxy resin matrix with magnetite particles were fabricated via additive manufacturing with the direct ink writing technique. Magnetite is an inexpensive material and the direct ink writing process is not only inexpensive but also easy to adapt to any material. A total of eight formulations were investigated, from which only four were feasible for the printing process: 32.6, 33.6, 35.4 and 41 wt.% of particles. The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, compressive strength, particle size distribution, density, and ductility. Results showed that composites exhibit very competitive mechanical properties even though the process was not vacuum assisted, therefore enabling them to be used in large scale and in other structural applications. Composite can be used in electromagnetic shielding.

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Li, Wei Wei, Li Xin Mo, Ji Lan Fu, Wen Bo Li, Jun Ran, Xin Ming Fan, Ya Ling Li, and Lu Hai Li. "Fabrication of Transparent Conductive Film Using Water-Based Nano-Silver Gravure Ink." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 1440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.1440.

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In this article, three parts of work have been done. First, silver nano-particle dispersion had been obtained by liquid chemical reduction method with Ag+ concentration as 2.7mol/l and UV-vis, SEM were used to characterize the silver nano-particles. Then, the dispersion was purified by solvent deposit method for three times with acetone acting as the deposit agent and water-based gravure ink was obtained after adding water, resin, and other additives. The silver content and viscosity of the ink were measured by TG and rheometer. Finally, the ink was used to fabricate transparent conductive film (TCF) with PET as the substrate. The transmissivity, adhesion, conductivity, and the edge sharpness were measured. The results show that ration of silver nanoplates in the dispersion synthesized can reach to 70%. From TG curve, the silver content of the ink is wt. 49%. Viscosity of the gravure ink is 129mPa•s. The transmissivity of the film is around 80% and the calculated resistivity is 1.53×10-4Ω.cm.

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Makino, Masato, M. Hasnat Kabir, Jin Gong, and Hidemitsu Furukawa. "Particle Dispersion Simulator for Gel Printer." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 2333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.2333.

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We are developing food printer to design arbitrary shaped foods. The ink for the food printer, injected from nozzle to make foods, is the dispersion of rigid and deformable particles. Simulation for rheological properties and interaction among particles and walls could be one of the important tools to develop the ink for the food printer. We introduce our simulators to investigate the dynamics of particles dispersion. The particles are expressed as Lagrange mesh immersed in fluid. The fluid is solved by Lattice Boltzmann method. The viscosity of the dispersion of the rigid and the deformable particles is shown in this study.

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Ge, Ruoqing, Tiantian Lin, Ge Lou, and Weihong Gao. "Photonic pigments from white particles and black ink." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1790, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1790/1/012005.

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FERNANDEZ, ERIC O., and KEVIN T. HODGSON. "Deinking flexographic-printed papers: Destabilization of flexographic ink dispersions with copper compounds." November 2013 12, no. 11 (December 1, 2013): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj12.11.29.

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Flexographic printing inks form electrosterically stabilized colloidal dispersions in water that display extreme stability at the alkaline pH values of most wastepaper deinking systems. A significant amount of U.S. newspapers are now printed using water-based flexographic inks, and the residual inks from these sources are problematic to remove in deinking plants. A successful flocculant for flexographic ink particles used in deinking plant filtrate streams requires that both the electrostatic and steric components of colloidal stabilization be eliminated simultaneously. The present study shows the advantageous characteristics of cupric chloride in achieving rapid flocculation of flexographic inks. Flocculation experiments were performed with a model ink as well as a mixture of offset and flexographic inks from recycled newspapers. The critical coagulation concentration of cupric chloride has been compared to other chloride, nitrate, and copper salts. Copper(II) chloride has been found to be significantly more effective than other such salts in achieving destabilization and aggregation of flexographic ink particles. A possible flocculation mechanism of flexographic ink particles by cupric chloride is presented.

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Kavčič, Urška, Igor Karlovits, and Janja Zule. "Deinking of Screen-Printed Electrodes Printed on Invasive Plant-Based Paper." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041350.

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The deinking of paper-based printed electronics is a growing concern regarding the increase of printed electronics products. The benefits of using paper-based substrates instead of polymer or ceramic for the single-use printed electrodes can contribute to sustainability goals. The use of invasive plant species for making paper substrates for printed electronics is a unique opportunity to have several environmental benefits. In this study, the recycling issue of these products through the use of the deinking technique was evaluated. Screen-printed electrodes printed on an invasive plant-based paper and commercial cardboard were deinked, and their optical, morphological, and silver residues in paper and corresponding water extract were analyzed. The invasive plant-based paper had higher silver content in the recycled paper sheets, which influenced the optical and surface resistivity and residue ink particle number. On the other hand, the surface-treated cardboard had lower silver particle content after deinking, but higher silver concentrations in the water extract. The results indicate that ink-paper surface and ink-fibre interaction and adhesion is vital in the ink silver particles binding during the deinking process.

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Gu, Yuan, and John Federici. "Fabrication of a Flexible Current Collector for Lithium Ion Batteries by Inkjet Printing." Batteries 4, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries4030042.

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A novel chemical process has been developed to formulate injectable nickel ink for conductive film. This chemical method has the ability to remove the oxidation on nickel nano-particle surfaces during ink fabrication; the nickel ions, which are produced during chemical etching, will be reduced and bridged among original nano-nickel particles in the following thermal sintering process at 350 °C. X-ray diffraction results exhibit that the final nickel film has no significant composition change by this chemical method and that oxidation has been effectively removed. Scanning electron microscopy images show that this chemical process reduces nickel oxides into nickel and that the reduced nickel sticks on the original nickel particle surface acting as a “bridge” connecting each particle. So solid diffusion can be triggered easily among bridged nickel particles and sintered at relatively low temperatures. The resistivity of printed film is to 5 × 10 − 6 Ω ∙m which is 71-times that of bulk nickel. The fabricated conductive nickel thin film has been applied on lithium ion batteries as a current collector for cathode and anode and shows good corrosion resistance and stability.

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Zhang, Yu Lin, Yong Xiang Zhai, Xiao Ya Liu, Jing Luo, and Yan Yuan. "One-Pot Synthesis of UV-Curable Au/PEDOT Conductive Ink by Using Amphiphilic Polymer PSMH as Templates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 748 (April 2015): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.748.101.

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In this paper, we report a one-pot method to prepare a new type of UV-curable Au/PEDOT nanocomposite used in printed electronics, which use an amphiphilic polymer polystyrenesulfonate-alt-[maleic anhydride-g-(2-hydroxy-ethyl-methacrylate)] (PSMH) as a conductive ink. The synthesis included the reduction of chloroauric acid using EDOT (3, 4-Ethylenedioxythiophene).PSMH acted a dopant for PEDOT and a stabilizer of Au nanoparticles due to the ligand exchange between chloroauric acid and carboxylate group. The carbon-carbon double bonds have been introduced into this ink with UV-curable property to enhance the water resistance of this nanocomposite before inkjet-printing. The particle size of this nanocomposite is above 200 nm while the gold particles size is above 3~10 nm. This UV-curable Au/PEDOT nanocomposite can be used as a conductive ink for inkjet printing.

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Han, Jonghyeuk, Wonwoo Jeong, Min-Kyeong Kim, Sang-Hyeon Nam, Eui-Kyun Park, and Hyun-Wook Kang. "Demineralized Dentin Matrix Particle-Based Bio-Ink for Patient-Specific Shaped 3D Dental Tissue Regeneration." Polymers 13, no. 8 (April 15, 2021): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081294.

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Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM)-based materials have been actively developed and are well-known for their excellent performance in dental tissue regeneration. However, DDM-based bio-ink suitable for fabrication of engineered dental tissues that are patient-specific in terms of shape and size, has not yet been developed. In this study, we developed a DDM particle-based bio-ink (DDMp bio-ink) with enhanced three-dimensional (3D) printability. The bio-ink was prepared by mixing DDM particles and a fibrinogen–gelatin mixture homogeneously. The effects of DDMp concentration on the 3D printability of the bio-ink and dental cell compatibility were investigated. As the DDMp concentration increased, the viscosity and shear thinning behavior of the bio-ink improved gradually, which led to the improvement of the ink’s 3D printability. The higher the DDMp content, the better were the printing resolution and stacking ability of the 3D printing. The printable minimum line width of 10% w/v DDMp bio-ink was approximately 252 μm, whereas the fibrinogen–gelatin mixture was approximately 363 μm. The ink’s cytocompatibility test with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) exhibited greater than 95% cell viability. In addition, as the DDMp concentration increased, odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs was significantly enhanced. Finally, we demonstrated that cellular constructs with 3D patient-specific shapes and clinically relevant sizes could be fabricated through co-printing of polycaprolactone and DPSC-laden DDMp bio-ink.

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Boardman, Carla. "An insight into laser tattoo removal: reasoning, methods and limitations." Journal of Aesthetic Nursing 8, no. 8 (October 2, 2019): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/joan.2019.8.8.377.

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This article aims to review the possible reasons a patient may wish to remove their tattoo using lasers, as well as providing an overview of the tattooing process within the skin, where the tattoo ink particles lay within the skin's structures and how lasers specifically target unwanted ink particles within the skin. An exploration into various tattoo removal methods, with a more in-depth focus on laser tattoo removal with its associated risks and limitations will also be addressed.

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Hosseini Zori, Maryam, and Atasheh Soleimani-Gorgani. "Ink-jet printing of micro-emulsion TiO2 nano-particles ink on the surface of glass." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 32, no. 16 (December 2012): 4271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2012.06.005.

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CARVALHO, YURI B. M., JUAN JETHRO, LUIS H. POERSCH, and LUIS A. ROMANO. "India ink induces apoptosis in the yellow clam Mesodesma mactroides (Deshayes, 1854). Optical and ultrastructural study." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 87, no. 4 (November 27, 2015): 1981–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140600.

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ABSTRACT This paper reports on the acute inflammatory and cellular process in the yellow clam, Mesodesma mactroides, induced by injection of India ink into the muscular foot. Histological observations with optical and electronic microscopy were made at 24 and 48 h after injection. The induced cellular inflammatory response consisted of a general hemocyte infiltration without necrosis and apoptotic activity. Migration of ink-laden phagocytes across the intestinal epithelium was recorded. It appeared that the yellow clam "excreted" ink particles through the gill and kidney. The positive staining for apoptosis was observed in the digestive gland. Electronic microscopy revealed ultrastructural changes of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptotic bodies in the digestive gland. The mechanism by which the India ink particles induce apoptosis remains unknown, but might possibly be associated with the endoplasmic reticulum stress. This work has highlighted features that require further discussion in the restricted field the inflammatory responses of mollusks.

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Matsuura, Toshihiko, Akihito Sugawara, Masashi Nishimura, Takuya Neichi, Ken-ichi Minato, and Takashi Ueno. "Surface modification of natural ink particles for hair coloring." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 58, SI (June 12, 2019): SIIB02. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/1347-4065/ab1070.

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Baker, N. J., H. A. Gordon, D. M. Lazarus, V. A. Polychronakos, P. Rehak, M. J. Tannenbaum, J. Egger, et al. "Search for Short-Lived Neutral Particles Emitted inK+Decay." Physical Review Letters 59, no. 25 (December 21, 1987): 2832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.59.2832.

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Mozaffari, Ezatollah. "Recovery of ink particles in a concurrent column flotation." Coloration Technology 131, no. 3 (May 12, 2015): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cote.12143.

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Gardini, Davide, Michele Dondi, Anna Luisa Costa, Francesco Matteucci, Magda Blosi, Carmen Galassi, Giovanni Baldi, and Elenia Cinotti. "Nano-Sized Ceramic Inks for Drop-on-Demand Ink-Jet Printing in Quadrichromy." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 1979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.048.

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Nano-sized ceramic inks suitable for ink-jet printing have been developed for the four-colours CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) process. Nano-inks of different pigment composition (Co1–xO, Au0, Ti1–x–ySbxCryO2, CoFe2O4) have been prepared with various solid loadings and their chemico-physical properties (particle size, viscosity, surface tension, ζ-potential) were tailored for the ink-jet application. The pigment particle size is in the 20–80 nm range. All these nano-suspensions are stable for long time (i.e., several months) due to either electrostatic (high ζ-potential values) or steric stabilization mechanisms. Both nanometric size and high stability avoid problems of nozzle clogging from particles agglomeration and settling. Nano-inks have a Newtonian behaviour with relatively low viscosities at room temperature. More concentrated inks fulfil the viscosity requirement of ink-jet applications (i.e., <35 mPa˙s) for printing temperatures in between 30 and 70 °C. Surface tension constraints for ink-jet printing are fulfilled by nano-inks, being in the 35–45 mN˙m–1 range. The nano-sized inks investigated behave satisfactorily in preliminary printing tests on several unfired industrial ceramic tiles, developing saturated colours in a wide range of firing temperatures (1000–1200 °C).

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Suzuki, T., A. Osumi, and H. Minami. "One-step synthesis of “rattle-like” polymer particles via suspension polymerization." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 69 (2014): 9921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc03740e.

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Multiple particles in a polymer shell, i.e. “rattle-like” capsules, have the potential to be used in electric ink or vibro-isolating and sound absorption materials because the encapsulated small particles are movable independently. Here, we demonstrate one-step preparation of the capsules containing small particles. In the final products, encapsulated particles were movable inside the capsule.

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BASILIO, CESAR. "Improved deinking and stickies removal." November 2017 16, no. 11 (2017): 639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj16.11.639.

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Previous work had shown that a novel flotation deinking reagent using modified kaolin was able to more efficiently separate and remove ink and dirt particles from recovered paper. The mechanism for this reagent is based on the ability of the modified kaolin to act as a collector for the fine ink, dirt, and contaminant particles. Deinking mills using this reagent experienced deinked pulp with an increase in brightness and lower dirt count values. Further work has been carried out to determine whether this mechanism can be used to improve the removal of stickies in recovered pulp. Test results showed that use of this modified kaolin together with a reagent capable of effectively separating the sticky contaminants from the fiber improved the removal of stickies. The synergy of this reagent with the modified kaolin further improved ink and dirt removal.

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Colvin, Jacob, Michael Carter, and James Sears. "Fabrication of Conductors and Inductors by Nano-Particle Deposition through Direct Write Technology." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2006): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1551-4897-3.3.121.

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Direct Write Technologies are being utilized in antennas, engineered structures, sensors, and tissue engineering. One form of the Direct Write Technologies is Maskless Mesoscale Material Deposition (M3D) for Optomec, Inc. M3D is a process that uses aerosol formation, transport and deposition. Inks for the M3D utilize nano-particles in suspension for deposition. Several different conductive inks were deposited with M3D and characterized for electrical resistivity and microstructure. Soft magnetic material was formulated as an ink suspension, deposited and characterized. This paper will report on the results obtained after sintering conductive nano-particle inks and soft magnetic material. Sintering was performed with a 2W frequency doubled Nd:YAG CW laser, a conventional muffle furnace and a novel photonic curing method. Depositions of various conductive inks were examined for physical dimensions (width and thickness) and microstructure. A study of the sintering characteristics if these ink was also included. This paper will also report on the results obtained from depositing a soft magnetic material. Permeability results were calculated from magnetic structures created with the deposition. These results are compared to conventional methods of soft magnetic material formation and construction. Physical properties of the deposited inks are also measured and reported.

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Li, Wei Wei, Li Xin Mo, Ji Lan Fu, Wen Bo Li, Jun Ran, Xin Ming Fan, Ya Ling Li, and Lu Hai Li. "Preparation of Water-Based Nano-Silver Gravure Conductive Ink Used for Printed Electronics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 523–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.523.

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Printed electronic industry develops fast and has great potential. In order to prepare water-based nano-silver gravure conductive ink used for printed electronics, liquid chemical reduction method is used. Ag+(5.89M) at high concentration acting as the precursor is reduced by hydrazine hydrate with PVP as the protecting agent. For one time of reaction, silver content of 9.25% is obtained. After washing and centrifuging the silver colloids for three times to purity, some amount of deionized water, resin and additives are added to the silver paste to fabricated water-based nano-silver conductive ink for gravure. Then, samples obtained by coating or proofing are dried and surface resistance and adhesion are measured. The results indicated that the silver particles prepared have size of about 50~100nm and most of the particles are spherical with small amount nanoplates. The nano-silver gravure conductive ink has 52.63% silver content and 3.58% PVP. Surface resistance of samples coated after sintering at 120°C for 30s can reach 129.5mΩ/sq and the resistivity is 1.49×10-4Ω.cm. The ink layer surface has no drop after 3M method which indicating good adhesion. The ink is suitable for gravure and can be used in printed electronics.

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Valverde, J. M., A. T. Pérez, A. Castellanos, and R. E. Viturro. "Rheological Testing of Xerographic Liquid Inks: A Need for Printing Technology." Applied Rheology 14, no. 4 (August 1, 2004): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arh-2004-0011.

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Abstract Rheological properties of xerographic liquid inks of different concentrations of solid particles have been tested. Generally we have found that viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate, i.e. the system is pseudoplastic as corresponds to the break down of aggregated particles by the applied shear. The viscosity of inks may vary in orders of magnitude depending on solids concentration, reaching up values of ~ 108 Pas for solids concentration of 40 wt%. The existence of a yield critical stress has been discussed and we estimate that it increases exponentially with solids concentration. We have looked for possible differences in the rheological behavior of ink samples obtained either diluting more concentrated inks or drying less concentrated ones. Concentration and dilution of xerographic inks do not change their rheological properties meaning that the microscopic structure of the concentrated dispersion is broken (when diluting) and recovered (when drying) reversibly. On the other hand processed ink (previously subjected to high mechanical and electrostatic stresses) behaves differently than non-processed ink. The properties of processed inks are not totally recovered when diluting, manifesting itself in a higher effective apparent viscosity. This result should be of main concern to liquid ink based printing technologies, for which elimination of waste by recycling processed ink is a major goal.

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Yang, Chun Li, and Chun Yu Yang. "Preparation and Surface Modification of SiO₂Particles Used in Electronic Ink." Advanced Materials Research 887-888 (February 2014): 454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.887-888.454.

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In order to improve the surface properties of SiO2 particles, SiO2 particles were modified by vinyl triethoxysilane, SiO2 particles and vinyl triethoxysilane modified SiO2 particles were characterized by FTIR, SEM and XRD techniques. The results showed that vinyl triethoxysilane has been successfully grafted onto SiO2 particles and basically there are no changes in the size of SiO2 particles before and after the modification by vinyl triethoxysilane. XRD results show that the synthesized SiO2 particles have certain crystallinity.

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Zimmermann, Marc, Dmitry Grigoriev, Nikolay Puretskiy, and Alexander Böker. "Characteristics of microcontact printing with polyelectrolyte ink for the precise preparation of patches on silica particles." RSC Advances 8, no. 69 (2018): 39241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra07955b.

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Xu, Ying Jie, Xian Fu Wei, and Bei Qing Huang. "Study on Thickening after Preparation Phenomenon of Alcohol-Based Gravure Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.480.

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The thickening after preparation phenomenon of ink refers to the viscosity of ink after preparation is constantly changing during its storage process. The appropriate increase of ink viscosity during its storage plays an important role in preventing the particles of pigment sedimentation. The utility of the ink is negatively affected by the rise of viscosity of ink that is over a certain range during the process of storage. The rise is a result of the broken of the system stability owing to some physical and chemical factors. In order to improve the stability of ink during its storage, not only the viscosity changes of ink prepared by pigment and resin with different kinds of functional group during storage are measured, but also the chemical factors contribute to the thickening after preparation phenomenon of ink are analyzed. What is more, the viscosity changes of ink prepared by different constituent content during storage are measured, and the physical factors lead to the thickening after preparation phenomenon of ink are analyzed as well. According to the research results, the functional groups of pigment and resin set off a chemical reaction in alcohol system, which is the main reason for the thickening after preparation phenomenon of ink. The constituent content of ink is the essential physical factor that influences the thickening after preparation phenomenon of ink.

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YU, Wei, Chiaki ISHII, Ken'ichi KOSEKI, and Takeshi AMARI. "Effects of Filler Particles in Substrates on Jet Ink Penetration." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 71, no. 10 (1998): 612–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.71.612.

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Iwasige, Naouki. "High Performance Flotator for Smaller Ink particles Removal, "MT-Flotator"." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 60, no. 1 (2006): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.60.46.

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Kim, Chul Am, Seung-Youl Kang, Gi Heon Kim, Seong Deok Ahn, Jiyoung Oh, and Kyung Soo Suh. "Fabrication of Black/White Electronic Ink Using High Mobility Particles." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 499, no. 1 (February 25, 2009): 282/[604]—289/[611]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400802619578.

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El-Shall, Hassan, Brij M. Moudgil, and Ayman El-Midany. "Separation of Ink Particles from Waste Paper by Fine-bubbles." KONA Powder and Particle Journal 23 (2005): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14356/kona.2005015.

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Abd El-Wahab, H., G. A. Meligi, M. G. Hassaan, and L. Lin. "New water-based flexographic ink based on new ter-polymer nano-particles as eco-friendly binders – Part II." Pigment & Resin Technology 49, no. 6 (May 4, 2020): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-12-2019-0111.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to prepare, characterise and evaluate nano-emulsions of ter-polymers of various compositions as eco-friendly binders for flexographic ink industry. Design/methodology/approach Various nano-emulsions of ter-polymers were prepared based on Vinyl acetate, Vinyl Versatate, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid and acrylamide monomers by means of a conventional seeded emulsion polymerisation technique, using K2S2O8 as the initiator. The characterisation of the prepared emulsions was performed using Fourier transform infrared, thermo-gravimetric analysis, gel permeation chromatography and transmission electron microscopy. A selection of co-polymers and ter-polymers were formulated with pigments and additional ingredients, as water-based flexographic inks. The inks were characterised for their rheological properties, pH, degree of dispersion, water-resistance and colour density. Findings It was found that the low viscosity of the prepared polymers may reduce the film thickness of the flexographic inks and may also increase the spreading of the ink on the surface. As a result, stable modified poly acrylate-based latex with improved physico-mechanical properties was obtained. The prepared latexes showed improved properties such as enhanced thermal stability and better water resistance. The effect of the emulsifier type on the properties of the resulting emulsion latexes and their corresponding films were investigated. Also, as the hydrophobic monomer increases, so does the colour density and increasing the binder ratio enhances the gloss values. The improving in gloss values were obtained and provide excellent adhesion properties for both the pigment particles and the base paper. Research limitations/implications The study focusses on the preparation of new water-based ter-polymer nano-particles and their use as eco-friendly binders for flexographic ink industry. Ink formulations based on other different type emulsion polymers could also be studied to assess the applicability of the ink formulation system found for other binders. Practical implications The ink formulations developed could find use in industrial-scale printing. Originality/value Eco-friendly environment and low-cost ink formulations for printing on paper substrates are novel.

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Wang, Deng Wu, Fang Wang, Su De Ma, Zong Cheng Miao, and Xiao Peng Zhao. "Surface Modification of TiO₂ Nanopaticles with Good Reflective Properties for Electric Ink." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 2470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.2470.

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To obtain the microencapsulated electric ink with good display properties, the bare TiO2nanoparticles were modified by stearic acid (SA), and the white encapsulated electric ink was prepared by complex coacervation using Gelatin/gum arabic (GA) as wall materials. The bare and modified TiO2nanoparitcles were characterized by SEM. Moreover, the fiber-optic spectrometer was also used to measure the reflective properties of the two particles. It was shown that the aggregation phenomena can be greatly decreased by surface modification, and also that the reflective properties can be maintained by this method. Finally, the particles in microcapsules possessed reversible response to dc electric field, and the response time was ~150 ms.

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Kim, J. H., Nam Hee Lee, Hyo Jin Oh, Cho Rong Yoon, Wheung Whoe Kim, Jae Sung Song, C. J. Jeon, and Sun Jae Kim. "Dispersion Properties of Polymer Encapsulated TiO₂ Nano-Powders in Low Dielectric Solvents." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.368.

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An electrophoretic solution using TiO2 nano particles is the most promising candidate in electronic paper industry because it offers various advantages such as ink-on-paper appearance, good contrast ratio, wide viewing angle, image stability in the off-state and extremely low power consumption. To prepare an electrophoretic solution of TiO2 nano particles with low apparent gravity for electronic paper, TiO2 powders were mixed with polyethylene powders using high energy planetary-mill in cyclohexane with low dielectric constant and transparency. The zeta-potential value of raw TiO2 particles in cyclohexane was measured about -80mV but that of polyethylene-coated TiO2 particles by milling was measured over -110mV, with showing good dispersibility by surfactant attached to them. Thus it was possible to control surface charge on the TiO2 particle by using optimum amount of surfactant after polyethylene coating on them for enhancement of dispersion stability.

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Bharaj, Karan, Sourabh Paul, Kamran Aamir Mumtaz, Michael Chisholm, and Neil Hopkinson. "Fabricating poly(methyl methacrylate) parts using high-speed sintering." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 1-2 (May 23, 2019): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405419851690.

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The ability of high-speed sintering to fabricate fully functional polymer parts at higher production rates as compared to other alternative additive manufacturing processes makes it prudent to further investigate its capability in processing different materials. The preferential deposition of a radiation absorbing material, which is often presented in the form of a liquid ink, on the powder bed can be considered the highlight of this technology. The effect of ‘print density’, that is, the amount of ink which is deposited, on the mechanical properties of parts made of an amorphous polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate), was investigated along with its potential role in controlling the porosity and partial melting. The ultimate tensile strength was measured and compared to other additive manufacturing technologies such as laser sintering and was found to be comparable, possibly due to the gradual supply of heat from the infrared lamp which allowed the amorphous poly(methyl methacrylate) particles to melt and have proper bonding with neighbouring particles as compared to the fast lasing action in laser sintering, where the sudden introduction and the withdrawal of the heat source (laser) led to poor inter-particle bonding.

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Sperling, Marcel, Martin Reifarth, Richard Grobe, and Alexander Böker. "Tailoring patches on particles: a modified microcontact printing routine using polymer-functionalised stamps." Chemical Communications 55, no. 68 (2019): 10104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc03903a.

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Ding, Shirun, and Bing Feng Ng. "Particle emission levels in the user operating environment of powder, ink and filament-based 3D printers." Rapid Prototyping Journal 27, no. 6 (June 16, 2021): 1124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-02-2020-0039.

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Purpose This study aims to examine on-site particle concentration levels due to emissions from a wide spectrum of additive manufacturing techniques, including polymer-based material extrusion, metal and polymer-based powder bed fusion, directed energy deposition and ink-based material jetting. Design/methodology/approach Particle concentrations in the operating environments of users were measured using a combination of particle sizers including the TSI 3910 Nano SMPS (10–420 nm) and the TSI 3330 optical particle sizer (0.3–10 µm). Also, fumes from a MEX printer during printing were directly captured using laser imaging method. Findings The number and mass concentration of submicron particles emitted from a desktop open-type MEX printer for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene and polyvinyl alcohol approached and significantly exceeded the nanoparticle reference limits, respectively. Through laser imaging, fumes were observed to originate from the printer nozzle and from newly deposited layers of the desktop MEX printer. On the other hand, caution should be taken in the pre-processing of metal and polymer powder. Specifically, one to ten micrometers of particles were observed during the sieving, loading and cleaning of powder, with transient mass concentrations ranging between 150 and 9,000 µg/m3 that significantly exceeded the threshold level suggested for indoor air quality. Originality/value Preliminary investigation into possible exposures to particle emissions from different 3D printing processes was done, which is useful for the sustainable development of the 3D printing industry. In addition, automatic processes that enable “closed powder cycle” or “powder free handling” should be adopted to prevent users from unnecessary particle exposure.

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Gregor-Svetec, Diana, Mirela Rozic, Tadeja Muck, and Branka Lozo. "PRINTING.Natural zeolite as filler in base ink jet paper sheet." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-04-p721-728.

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Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of natural zeolite clinoptilolite used as a filler on the printabi1ity of paper and its print quality. Paper handsheets were prepared with the addition of 20% of fillers, where natural zeolite was added to calcium carbonate in different u.w.% (i.e. 20, 40, 60). Zeolite originates from the sedimentary deposit in Donje Jesenje, Croatia. Zeolite tuff is mainly composed of clinoptilolite. lts particle size distribution is broad and the structure is micro- and mezzo-porous. The addition of natural zeolite as a filler resulted in higher bulk of paper sheets and a more porous structure. Moreover, the absorption capacity and the absorption rate slightly increased. The surface roughness increased, leading to a more hydrophobic surface. Natural zeolite with its broad particle size distribution, higher amount of large particles and yellowgreen colour resulted in slightly lower opacity and ISO brightness of sheets. When used for ink jet printing, the increased amount of zeolite showed a positive influence on the print quality. Smaller wicking and bleeding effects were noticed. Paper hue did not influence the colour density of CMYK prints.

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47

XiLing, Peng. "The effect of ballpoint pen ink coating on the nucleation enhancement of low-pressure diamond." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 6 (June 1994): 1573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.1573.

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A novel technique to enhance the nucleation of low-pressure diamond on silicon (100) was discussed in this study. It was found that coating the silicon with ballpoint pen ink can greatly increase the diamond nucleation density when the coating was followed by heat treatment at 100 °C–400 °C. Moreover, the optimum enhancement effect was reached when the ink coating was pre-heat-treated at 300 °C × 30 min. Further SEM observation showed that heat treatment at 200 °C-400 °C produced many tiny carbonaceous particles on ballpoint pen ink-coated silicon. Particularly, the nucleation density of diamond on differently treated silicon, such as ink-coated, diamond paste scratched and polished silicon wafers, was compared using the SEM technique. The diamond structure was also characterized by Raman spectroscopy.

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Buchanan, JoAnn. "India Ink as a Tracer for Circulatory System Study in a Ganglion, With a Note on Using Ferritin, Lanthanum, and Horseradish Peroxidasefor the Blood-Brain Barrier." Microscopy Today 8, no. 1 (January 2000): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500057084.

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Several summers ago, while working at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, George Augustine (Duke University) and I wished to look at the circulation in the giant synapse of the squid, Loligo pealei. At that time, Dr. Eugene Copeland suggested the use of India ink in order to see the circulatory system. The ink contains carbon particles that are visible under the EM. In addition, it is visible to the naked eye.

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Kitsomboonloha, Rungrot, T. Bera, and Joydeep Dutta. "Direct Synthesis of Anisotropic Metal Particles by Ink Jet Printing Technique." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.585.

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Here we report the synthesis of nanoparticles with aspect ratios of up to five by synthesis in small concentrated volumes of reactants using an ink-jet printer. Silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized rapidly on transparent sheets using a commercial ink jet printer. A commercial inkjet printer was modified by replacing conventional inks with different reactants including silver nitrate, ammonium-complex silver, gold chloride reduced by ascorbic acid. The reaction was allowed to occur directly on the substrate within a short reaction time and confined reaction volume defined by the droplet size on the substrate. The nanoparticles and microrods formed on the substrate depend on pH and ionic concentrations of the solutions. The pH of the solutions is an important factor controlling the aspect ratio of microrods. When the concentration of silver ions in the reactant solution was increased the number of particles deposited on the substrate increased subsequently. Anisotropic particles could be formed uniformly over very large area surfaces (1mm x 20mm). This method can be suitable for rapid synthesis of anisotropic particles for potential application in metal-enhanced fluorescence sensing, antibacterial coating, anti reflection coatings, amongst others.

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Matsuura, Toshihiko, Yuhei Shimoyama, Takanori Kobayashi, Yoshihiro Taya, and Takashi Ueno. "Paramagnetic Properties of Size-Controlled Squid Ink Particles Dispersed in Water." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 50, no. 6S (June 1, 2011): 06GH13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.50.06gh13.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ink particles'

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