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Georges, Cédric. "Improvement of the mechanical properties of TRIP-assisted multiphase steels by application of innovative thermal or thermomechanical processes." Université catholique de Louvain, 2008. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-08232008-100716/.
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For ecological reasons, the current main challenge of the automotive industry is to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles and then emissions of greenhouse gas. In this context, steelmakers and automotive manufacturers decided for some years now to join their efforts to promote the development and use of advanced high strength steels such as TRIP steels. A combination of high strength and large elongation is obtained thanks to the TRansformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effect. However, improvement of the mechanical properties is still possible, especially by the refinement of the matrix. In this work, two main ways were followed in order to reach improved properties. The classical way consisting of the annealing of cold-rolled samples and an innovative way consisting of obtaining the desired microstructure by direct hot rolling of the samples. In the classical way, this refinement can be obtained by acting on the chemical composition (with such alloying elements like Cu and Nb). It was observed that complete recrystallisation of the ferrite matrix is quite impossible in presence of Cu precipitates. In addition, if the ferrite recrystallisation is not completed before reaching the eutectoid temperature, the recrystallisation will be slowed down by a large way. An innovative heat treatment consisting in keeping the copper in solid solution in the high-Cu steel was developed. Therefore, ferrite recrystallises quite easily and very fine ferrite grains (~1µm) were obtained. In the innovative way, the effects of hot-rolling conditions on TRIP-assisted multiphase steels are of major importance for industrial practice and could open new dimensions for the TRIP steels (i.e. thanks to precipitation mechanisms leading to additive strengthening). Impressive mechanical properties (true stress at maximum load of 1500 MPa and true strain at uniform elongation of 0.22) were obtained with a relatively easy thermomechanical process, the role played by Nb being essential.
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Baglieri, Giulia. "Caratterizzazione a fatica con intaglio di acciai innovativi ultra-alto resistenziali." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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Lo scopo della presente ricerca è valutare l’idoneità dell’acciaio da utensili innovativo K890, prodotto da Böhler con metallurgia delle polveri, ad essere impiegato per la realizzazione di componenti motore di moto da corsa, quali alberi a camme e a gomiti, in sostituzione dell’acciaio da nitrurazione GKHW, prodotto da Aubert&Duval con processo ESR (Electro Slag Remelting). Lo studio è stato condotto a valle di una precedente sperimentazione condotta su provini non intagliati ed ha previsto l'esecuzione di prove di trazione e prove di fatica a flessione rotante con intaglio oltre a prove di durezza ed analisi microstrutturali e frattografiche.
Sono stati testati due lotti di acciaio K890, aventi durezza di 752 e 821 HV rispettivamente. Durante i test di fatica il lotto in K890 a durezza maggiore ha mostrato un limite di fatica con intaglio superiore al GKHW nitrurato. I risultati ottenuti sui due lotti di K890 sono stati impiegati per valutare l’applicabilità di relazioni empiriche per la stima del coefficiente di concentrazione a fatica delle tensioni ad acciai ultra-alto resistenziali. E’ emerso che le relazioni più tradizionali sovrastimano l’effetto dell’intaglio per questa tipologia di acciaio. A conclusione dello studio, considerando l'esito delle stesse prove condotte sull'acciaio GKHW nitrurato attualmente in uso, si può affermare che l'acciaio K890 è un possibile candidato per la produzione di alberi in ambito racing.
La disamina dei risultati sperimentali è preceduta da tre capitoli incentrati su un inquadramento teorico, derivanti da ricerche bibliografiche: il primo riporta un’introduzione al funzionamento ed alle caratteristiche degli alberi a camme e a gomiti; il secondo è relativo alle proprietà degli acciai da utensili tradizionali ed innovativi; infine il terzo riguarda una trattazione sul danneggiamento da fatica, con particolare riguardo all’effetto dell’intaglio ed alle caratteristiche del fenomeno negli acciai ultra-alto resistenziali.
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Rodrigues, Juliana Aparecida. "Estudo da soldabilidade entre o aço austenítico alto manganês de efeito TRIP com o aço microligado ARBL pelo processo de soldagem TIG." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18158/tde-16102014-152401/.
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Tendo em vista a tendência mundial de se buscar a diminuição de peso de estruturas metálicas de veículos, o desenvolvimento de aços de resistência mecânica superior apresenta-se como um importante fator para a competitividade e sustentabilidade da indústria brasileira, além da segurança do usuário. No setor automobilístico, as reduções no peso e no consumo de combustível requerem não somente a pesquisa de novos aços, mas também a utilização de componentes híbridos, resultantes, entre outros, da união entre os aços austeníticos inovadores de alta liga e baixo custo (TRIP) e aços ferríticos comerciais (ARBL). Na presente dissertação foram investigadas as propriedades mecânicas microestruturais, antes e após o processo de soldagem TIG, dos aços TRIP e ARBL utilizados pela indústria automotiva. O principal objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar possíveis estruturas e modificações nas propriedades das juntas soldadas de acordo com parâmetros de soldagem pré-determinados. Primeiramente, verificaram-se as extensões da zona termicamente afetada dos corpos de prova soldados. Os perfis de microdureza indicaram que não houve uma alteração significativa de dureza na zona termicamente afetada do aço de efeito TRIP, enquanto que para o aço ARBL observa-se um considerável aumento. Os limites de escoamento determinados pelos ensaios de tração realizados permitiram a obtenção dos níveis de resistência mecânica das juntas soldadas. Através dos ensaios de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e microscopia ótica foi possível observar a influência do aporte térmico na zona termicamente afetada do aço ARBL. A análise de EDX nas juntas dissimilares permitiu observar a presença de zonas parcialmente diluídas na zona fundida do lado do metal de base ARBL, a caracterização da composição química nas interfaces entre os metais de base e o metal de solda e prever a microestrutura destas regiões. As fases presentes nos metais de base e na zona fundida foram caracterizadas também pela difração de raios x. Por meio da estereologia quantitativa caracterizou-se as fases presentes na zona fundida e determinou-se suas proporções em função do aporte térmico.In view of the global trend of searching for the weight reduction of metal frames in vehicles, the development of superior mechanical resistance steels presents itself as an important factor for the competitiveness and sustainability of the Brazilian industry, as well as to user safety. In the automotive industry, the reductions in vehicle weight and fuel consumption not only require research of new types of steel but also the use of hybrid components, which result, amongst other things, between the union of austenitic innovative high alloy and low cost (TRIP) with commercial ferritic steels (HSLA). This dissertation analyses the microstructural mechanical properties before and after the TIG welding process, the TRIP steel, and HSLA used by the automotive industry. The main objective of this study was to evaluate possible phase changes in steel structures and transformation in the properties of the welded joints according to pre-determined welding parameters by analyzing extensions of the heat-affected and melted zones of welded specimens. The micro hardness profiles showed no significant changes in hardness in the heat affected HSLA steel, while the TRIP steel showed considerable increase. Additionally, the yield point determined by the traction tests performed, allowed the obtainment of the mechanical resistance levels of the welded joints. Through the tests of scanning electron and optical microscopy was observed the influence of heat input on heat affected zone of HSLA steel. EDX analysis allowed us to observe the presence of molten zones partially diluted in the side of the base metal HSLA, characterization of the chemical composition at the interface of the base metal and weld metal and predicting the microstructure in these regions. The phases present in the base metal and weld zone were characterized too by x-ray diffraction. By quantitative stereology characterized by the phases present in the weld zone and their proportions were determined as a function of heat input.
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Mahdavian, Mahsa. "Innovative Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls with Corrugated Steel Sheathing." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849608/.
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This thesis presents two major sections with the objective of introducing a new cold-formed steel (CFS) shear wall system with corrugated steel sheathings. The work shown herein includes the development of an optimal shear wall system as well as an optimal slit configuration for the CFS corrugated sheathings which result in a CFS shear wall with high ductility, high strength, high stiffness and overall high performance. The conclusion is based on the results of 36 full-scale shear wall tests performed in the structural laboratory of the University of North Texas. A variety of shear walls were the subject of this research to make further discussions and conclusions based on different sheathing materials, slit configurations, wall configurations, sheathing connection methods, wall dimensions, shear wall member thicknesses, and etc. The walls were subject to cyclic (CUREE protocol) lateral loading to study their deformations and structural performances. The optimal sit configuration for CFS shear walls with corrugated steel sheathings was found to be 12×2 in. vertical slits in 6 rows. The failure mode observed in this shear wall system was the connection failure between the sheathing and the framing members. Also, most of the shear walls tested displayed local buckling of the chord framing members located above the hold-down locations. The second section includes details of developing a Finite Element Model (FEM) in ABAQUS software to analyze the lateral response of the new shear wall systems. Different modeling techniques were used to define each element of the CFS shear wall and are reported herein. Material properties from coupon test results are applied. Connection tests are performed to define pinching paths to model fasteners with hysteretic user-defined elements. Element interactions, boundary conditions and loading applications are consistent with full scale tests. CFS members and corrugated sheathings are modeled with shell elements, sheathing-to-frame fasteners are modeled using nonlinear springs (SPRING2 elements) for monotonic models and a general user defined element (user subroutine UEL) for cyclic models. Hold-downs are defined by boundary conditions. A total of three models were developed and validated by comparing ABAQUS results to full scale test results.
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Skoglund, Oskar. "Innovative structural details using high strength steel for steel bridges." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259949.
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The use of high strength steel has the potential to reduce the amount of steel used in bridge structures and thereby facilitate a more sustainable construction. The amount of steel and what steel grade that can be used in bridge structures and other cyclic loaded structures are often limited by a material degradation process called fatigue. The fatigue resistance of steel bridges are to a large extent depending on the design of structural details and connections. The design engineer is limited by a few pre-existing structural details and connections – with rather poor fatigue resistance – to choose from when designing steel bridges, and is therefore often forced to increase the overall dimensions of the structure in order to cope with the design requirements of fatigue. This licentiate thesis aims at increasing the fatigue resistance of fatigue prone structural details and connections by implementing new and innovative structural solutions to the already pre-existing details given in the design standards. A typical fatigue prone detail is the vertical stiffener at an intermediate cross-beam, which will be in focus. By improving the fatigue resistance, less steel material will be required for the construction of new steel bridges and composite bridges of steel and concrete. It is shown in this thesis and the appended papers that the use of high strength steel for bridge structures can considerably reduce the amount of steel used, the steel cost and the harmful emissions. However, this is only true if the fatigue strength of critical details can be substantially improved. Furthermore, a few new and innovative structural details and modifications to already existing details are proposed in this thesis and in the appended papers, that have the potential to increase the fatigue resistance of steel bridges and composite bridges of steel and concrete. However, further analyses are required in order to make these structural details viable for construction.Genom användandet av höghållfast stål så kan en mindre mängd material användas som i sin tur leder till ett mer hållbart byggande. Mängden stål och vilken stålkvalité som kan användas vid byggandet av stålbroar och andra cykliskt belastade konstruktioner avgörs ofta av nedbrytningsprocessen utmattning. Utmatningskapaciteten hos stålbroar är till stor del beroende av brons anslutningsdetaljer. Brokonstruktören har vid designstadiet ett begränsat antal beprövade anslutningsdetaljer att välja bland – vilka ofta har relativt låg utmattningskapacitet – och konstruktören är därmed ofta tvungen att öka konstruktionens dimensioner för att klara av kraven gällande utmattning. Den har licentiatuppsatsen har till syfte att förbättra utmattningskapaciteten för utmattningsbenägna anslutningsdetaljer i stål genom att införa nya och innovativa anslutningsdetaljer, bland de redan existerande detaljerna som finns i de olika standarderna. En utmattningskritisk detalj som kommer att ligga i fokus är anslutningen mellan livavstyvningen och tvärförbanden hos en I-balk. Genom att förbättra utmattningskapaciteten så kan en mindre mängd stålmaterial användas vid byggandet av stålbroar och samverkansbroar i betong och stål. I denna uppsatsen kunde det påvisas att höghallfast stål for broar kan betydligt sänka mängden stålmaterial, stålkostnaden och koldioxidutsläppen. Dock så gäller detta enbart om utmattningskapaciteten for kritiska anslutningsdetaljer kan ökas avsevärt. Dessutom, som en del av den har uppsatsen så har ett par nya och innovativa anslutningsdetaljer föreslagits som har potential att forbättra utmattningskapaciteten. Dock, så krävs ytterligare studier for att dessa förslag skall kunna användas i byggnation av nya stålbroar.
QC 20190925
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Hillman, John R. "Innovative lightweight floor systems for steel framed buildings." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06082009-170953/.
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Walker, Justin Daniel. "An innovative new pouring design for steel castings." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Darcy, Greg. "Structural behaviour of an innovative cold-formed steel building system." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16589/.
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Cold-formed steel structures have been in service for many years and are used as shelters for both domestic and industrial purposes. To produce an economical product, manufacturers have typically based their designs on the simple portal frame concept. As there is almost a direct relationship between overall cost and the weight of steel in a portal frame structure, it is of great importance to provide a structure with the minimum amount of steel whilst providing structural adequacy. Portal frame sheds have been refined continuously for many years, with only minimal amounts of savings in steel. Therefore, to provide even greater savings in steel, an innovative building system is required. Modern Garages Australia (MGA) is one of the leading cold-formed steel shed manufacturers in Queensland. MGA has recently developed such an innovative building system that has significant economic savings when compared with portal frame structures. The MGA building system has two key differences to that of the conventional portal frame system. These differences are that the MGA system has no conventional frames or framing system, and it has no purlins or girts. This results in the MGA system being completely fabricated from thin cladding, which significantly reduces the quantity of steel. However, the key problem with this building system is that the load paths and structural behaviour are unknown, and therefore the structure cannot be analysed using conventional methods. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to first investigate the structural behaviour of this new building system and its adequacy for an ultimate design wind speed of 41 m/s using full scale testing. The next objectives were to use finite element analysis to optimise the original MGA building system so that it is adequate for an ultimate design wind speed of 41 m/s, and to develop a new improved cold-formed steel building system that has greater structural efficiency than the original MGA building system. This thesis presents the details of the innovative MGA building system, full scale test setup, testing program, finite element analysis of the MGA building system and the results. Details and results from the optimisation of the MGA building system, and the development of a new improved cold-formed steel building system are also presented. The full scale experimental investigation considered the required loadings of cross wind, longitudinal wind and live load test cases and simulated them on the test structure accurately using an innovative load simulation system. The wind loads were calculated for a 41 m/s ultimate design wind speed. Full scale test program included both non-destructive and destructive tests. The finite element analyses contained in this thesis have considered cross wind, longitudinal wind and live load cases, as well as the destructive load case of the MGA building system. A number of different model types were created and their results were compared with the experimental results. In general, two main model types were created. The first type consisted of a 'strip' of the MGA building system (Strip model) and the second modelled the full structure (Full model). Both of these model types were further divided into models which contained no contact surfaces and those which contained contact surfaces to simulate the interfaces between the various components such as the brackets and cladding. The experimental test results showed that the MGA test structure is not suitable for an ultimate design wind speed of 41 m/s. This conclusion is a result of a number of observed failures that occurred during the extensive testing program. These failures included local buckling, crushing failures, and distortional buckling of the cladding panels. Extremely large deflections were also observed. It was calculated that for the MGA building system to be adequate for the design wind speed of 41 m/s, a cladding thickness of 0.8 mm was required. This also agreed well with the finite element analysis results which concluded that a cladding thickness of 0.8 mm was required. In order to avoid the increased use of steel in the building system, a new improved cold-formed steel building system was developed and its details are provided in this thesis. A finite element model of this new improved cold-formed steel building system was created and the results showed that the new building system was able to achieve a load step equivalent to an ultimate design wind speed of 50.4 m/s and was approximately 250% stiffer than the original MGA building system, without any increase in the overall weight of the building system. It is recommended that this new improved cold-formed steel building system be further developed with the aid of finite element modelling and be tested using a similar full scale testing program that was used for the original MGA building system.
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Kwan, Henry K. "Innovative accessible sunken floor systems for multi-story steel buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68346.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1987.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-160).
With the demands of telecommunications and computer equipment, building owners and designers are facing an increasingly difficult problem for wire management in today's electronic workplace. This thesis is to investigate and design the accessible sunken floor systems for multi-story steel buildings with proliferating data cables and mechanical equipment. The terminology of an accessible sunken floor system or a dropped floor system is not new. Sunken floor has been used in reinforced concrete buildings with flat slabs and multi-story steel-framed construction with solid wide-flange beams. However, the design of an accessible sunken floor system with open-web steel joists and joist girders is an innovation, by leading steel design and construction industry into a new era. Sunken floors are sirniliar to raised floors, which are composed of removable square floor panels on metal pedestals to provide space for electrical or mechanical equipment or both. The removable panels provide easy access to the equipment below. These floors are commonly used in computer rooms, clean rooms and new office buildings which require extensive mechanical and electrical service. A clean room environment with air return through accessible plenums is essential in microelectronics and pharmaceutical facilities, in hospital operating rooms, in bio-genetic research laboratories and production areas, and in assembly plants for items such as computer disk drives and compact disks. Accessible sunken floor systems are used to avoid ramps or stairs as opposite to raised floor systems. Also, the finished floor-to-floor height in multi-story construction is less than the acceptable height for a raised floor, with subsequent savings on other more expensive building materials. Moreover, the construction cycle for steel buildings with open-web steel joists and joist girders is faster if the finished floor is composed of removable floor panels. One of the proposed systems is to substitute conventional concrete metal decks for fire-rated acoustical ceilings and horizontal bracings to cut down the construction cycle and costs. A second variation of the proposed systems permits economies in concrete slab finish by using lightweight concrete poured on corrugated metal decks, or by using pour- in -place or precast slabs below the finished floor panels, and the floor system is suspended 4 inches below the top chord of the steel joists as a horizontal diaphragm and fire barrier. This thesis will explore the building system integration and forecast the construction cycle and costs. An evaluation of the proposed systems will be presented with matrix diagrams to summarize the conclusion of this paper.
by Henry K. Kwan.
S.M.
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Nidhi, Vickey. "Optimization of Replaceable Steel Slit Dampers in Innovative Resilient Rocking Columns." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613751292726709.
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Righman, Jennifer. "Development of an innovative connection for FRP bridge decks to steel girders." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2392.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 114 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-114).
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Aldén, Rickard. "Innovative Methods for Welding Ultra High Strength Steel with Resistance Spot Welding." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-245224.
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Resistance spot welding (RSW) is the most frequently used method for welding thin sheets in manufacturing industries such as the automotive industry, because of the high productivity of RSW. In order to reduce CO2 emissions the automotive industry strives towards creating structures of light weight, this is partly achieved by the use of lightweight materials such as Aluminum and composite materials. In parts of the car body designed to protect the driver and passengers in case of a collision High strength steel is used due to its high strength and relative high ductility. High strength steels are called Ultra High Strength Steels (UHSS) with typical ultimate tensile strength of 700 up to 2000 MPa and elongation of 10-40%. Because of the strive against lighter structures and great safety demands UHSS materials is of great interest for the automotive industry in order to create strong structures of light weight. In welding of modern materials such as UHSS with RSW, achieving adequate weld quality is a challenge. Hence this thesis aims to investigate new innovative ways to broaden the area of use and include modern materials such as UHSS for the traditional method of welding such as RSW. In RSW elliptical shaped welds are created between two or more faying metal sheets by passing current through the sheets. The current is applied to the sheets by copper electrodes in contact with the sheets on each side. The geometrical shape of these electrodes will affect multiple welding parameters such as applied stress, current density, electromagnetic stirring, temperature gradients and the possibility for the welded material to thermally expand during welding. Hence the geometrical shape of the electrodes will affect the final shape and size of the weld nugget. In this thesis RSW electrode geometries are modified and tested. The weld properties from modified electrodes are compared to the weld properties from standard RSW electrodes with respect to process robustness, weld nugget shape and size, micro hardness and weld tensile strength. Various modified geometries are used, all modified geometries are designed in order to allow the welded material to expand more, compared to standard electrodes. Previous work has been done and shown that hollow electrodes that allow the welded material to expand can improve the weld quality and process robustness. However, this has been to the cost of nugget growth in the normal direction to the welded sheet, leaving a non-uniform surface. Hence the aim of this thesis is to investigate if it is possible to widen the current range in the weld lobe diagram when welding UHSS material combinations with RSW by the use of hollow electrodes without affecting weld quality negatively compared to standard electrodes. Weld quality in this thesis will be evaluated based on surface condition, mechanical strength, micro-hardness and weld nugget size. The modified electrodes have shown better weld properties with respect of current range in the weld lobe curves in most cases tested but not all of the material combinations tested compared with standard electrodes. The surface conditions of the welded specimens have been controlled by measuring any indent and raise by line laser scanning. Modified RSW electrodes has showed improved welding properties with respect to current range in the weld lobe curves compared to standard RSW electrodes when welding UHSS material combinations. However modified electrodes have shown a higher sensitivity to misalignment and angle fault. Several material combinations of UHSS that has shown non-weldable behavior with standard RSW electrodes have shown improved current range. In the best case the current range was increased to 3,9 kA for an UHSS material combination that is non-weldable with standard electrodes.Motståndsvetsning är den vanligaste metoden för svetsning av tunna plåtar i tillverkningsindustrier som bilindustrin på grund av den höga produktiviteten hos punktsvetsning. För att minska koldioxidutsläppen strävar bilindustrin efter att skapa lättviktskonstruktioner, vilket delvis uppnås genom användning av lätta material såsom aluminium och kompositmaterial. I delar av bilkroppen konstruerad för att skydda föraren och passagerare vid kollision används höghållfast stål på grund av sin höga hållfasthet och relativt höga duktilitet. Höghållfasta stål kallas Ultra High Strength Steels (UHSS) med typisk draghållfasthet på 700 upp till 2000 MPa och förlängning av 10-40%. På grund av bilindustrins strävan mot lättare strukturer och höga säkerhetskrav är UHSS-material av stort intresse för bilindustrin för att skapa starka strukturer av lätt vikt. Vid svetsning av moderna material som UHSS med punktsvetsning är det en utmaning att uppnå tillräcklig svetskvalitet. Därför syftar denna avhandling till att undersöka nya innovativa sätt att bredda användningsområdet och inkludera moderna material som UHSS för den traditionella svetsmetoden punktsvetsning. Under punktsvetsning skapas elliptiskt formade svetsar mellan två eller flera metallplåtar genom att ström passerar genom plåtarna. Strömmen appliceras till plåtarna genom kopparelektroder i kontakt med plåtarna på var sida. Den geometriska formen av dessa elektroder kommer att påverka flera svetsegenskaper såsom applicerad tryck, strömtäthet, elektromagnetisk omröring, temperaturgradienter och möjligheten för det svetsade materialet att termiskt expandera under svetsning. Följaktligen kommer den geometriska formen av elektroderna att påverka den slutliga formen och storleken hos svetslinsen. I denna avhandling modifieras och testas elektrodgeometrier som används vid punktsvetsning. Svetsegenskaperna från modifierade elektroder jämförs med svetsegenskaperna från standardelektroder med avseende på processens robusthet, svetslinsform-och storlek, mikrohårdhet och svetshållfasthet. Olika modifierade geometrier används, alla modifierade geometrier är utformade för att låta det svetsade materialet expandera mer jämfört med standardelektroder. Tidigare arbete har gjorts och visat att ihåliga elektroder som tillåter det svetsade materialet att expandera kan förbättra svetskvaliteten och processens robusthet. Detta har dock varit till kostnaden av svetslinstillväxt i riktning vinkelrätt till den svetsade plåten, vilket lämnar en ojämn yta. Avsikten med denna avhandling är därför att undersöka om det är möjligt att bredda användingen av punktsvetsning till svetsning av UHSS-materialkombinationer genom användning av ihåliga elektroder utan att påverka svetskvaliteten negativt jämfört med standardelektroder. Svetskvaliteten i denna avhandling kommer att utvärderas baserat på yttillstånd, mekanisk hållfasthet, mikrohårdhet och svetslinsstorlek. De modifierade elektroderna har visat bättre svetsegenskaper med avseende på svetsbarhet i de flesta fall testade men inte alla materialkombinationer som testats jämfört med standardelektroder. Ytförhållandena för de svetsade exemplen har kontrollerats genom att mäta intryck och upphöjnad på den svetsade ytan genom laserskanning. Flera materialkombinationer av UHSS som har visat sig osvetsbara med standard elektroder har visat förbättrad svetsbarhet med modifierade elektroder. I bästa fall ökade strömintervallet med godkänd svets till 3,9 kA för en UHSS-materialkombination som inte är svetsbar med standardelektroder.
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Gläsle, Mathias. "Experimental and analytical study of an innovative ultra long-spanning hybrid steel deck." View thesis, 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/45554.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2006.A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Engineering, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
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Jörnmark, Jan. "Coal and steel in Western Europe 1945-1993 : innovative change and institutional adaptation /." Göteborg : Department of economic history, University of Göteborg, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35599961n.
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Li, Yuanjie. "Performance-based design and evaluation of innovative steel knee braced truss moment frames." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50914.
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Steel truss girders are very economical and practical to span large distances, when used efficiently this can create large interior opening which cannot be economically accomplished by any other structural systems. However, due to lack of ductility in connections and poor element energy dissipation capacity, conventional steel trusses are not suitable for seismic applications. To retain the advantages of steel trusses, a novel and innovative steel structural system, named buckling restrained knee braced truss moment frame (BRKBTMF) system has been introduced and extensively studied in this thesis. The BRKBTMF system utilizes buckling restrained braces (BRBs) as the designated structural elements to dissipate earthquake energy. This allows BRKBTMF to span long distances, while having efficient and robust energy dissipation capacity to resist earthquake loads. More importantly, by using the BRBs as structural fuses, the structural damages can be controlled. This allows the structure to be repaired more efficiently and effectively after the earthquake, which reduces the repair time and repair costs, making the BRKBTMF more resilient towards future earthquakes. This thesis consisted of three parts. First, the performance-based plastic design procedure (PBPD) was applied to design a prototype office building located in Berkeley, California. Nonlinear dynamic analysis was conducted to examine the performance of the BRKBTMF under ranges of earthquakes. The result showed that the PBPD was a viable and efficient deign procedure for the BRKBTMF, where both the drift and strength limits were satisfied without design iterations. Second, new material model and element removal techniques were implemented to model the behavior of BRBs and BRKBTMF, where detailed failure modes could be explicitly modeled. Third, detailed parameter studies, including influence of the BRB hysteresis, BRB configuration, and truss span, were conducted. The parameter studies showed that these parameters can significantly affect the seismic structural performance of the BRKBTMF system.Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Bahrami, Hamidreza. "An innovative ductile cross frame for enhanced seismic performance of steel girder bridge superstructures." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3316483.
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Jarrett, Jordan Alesa. "Performance Assessment of Seismic Resistant Steel Structures." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24773.
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This work stems from two different studies related to this performance assessment of seismic resistant systems. The first study compares the performance of newly developed and traditional seismic resisting systems, and the second study investigates many of the assumptions made within provisions for nonlinear response history analyses.
In the first study, two innovative systems, which are hybrid buckling restrained braces and collapse prevention systems, are compared to their traditional counterparts using a combination of the FEMA P-695 and FEMA P-58 methodologies. Additionally, an innovative modeling assumption is investigated, where moment frames are evaluated with and without the lateral influence of the gravity system. Each system has a unique purpose from the perspective of performance-based earthquake engineering, and analyses focus on the all intensity levels of interest. The comparisons are presented in terms consequences, including repair costs, repair duration, number of casualties, and probability of receiving an unsafe placard, which are more meaningful to owners and other decision makers than traditional structural response parameters. The results show that these systems can significantly reduce the consequences, particularly the average repair costs, at the important intensity levels.
The second study focuses on the assumptions made during proposed updates to provisions for nonlinear response history analyses. The first assumption investigated is the modeling of the gravity system's lateral influence, which can have significant effect on the system behavior and should be modeled if a more accurate representation of the behavior is needed. The influence of residual drifts on the proximity to collapse is determined, and this work concludes that a residual drift check is unnecessary if the only limit state of interest is collapse prevention. This study also finds that spectrally matched ground motions should cautiously be used for near-field structures. The effects of nonlinear accidental torsion are also examined in detail and are determined to have a significant effect on the inelastic behavior of the analyzed structure. The final investigation in this study shows that even if a structure is designed per ASCE 7, it may not have the assumed probability of collapse under the maximum considered earthquake when analyzed using FEMA P-695.Ph. D.
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Gao, Yu. "Innovative Self-Centering Connection for CCFT Composite Columns." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78390.
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Concrete filled steel tubes are regarded as ideal frame members in seismic resisting systems, as they combine large axial and flexural capacity with ductility. The combination of the two materials increases the strength of the confined concrete and avoids premature local buckling of the steel tube. These benefits are more prominent for circular than for rectangular concrete filled steel tubes. However, most common connection configurations for circular concrete filled tubes are not economic in the US market due to (a) the desire of designers to use only fully restrained connections and its associated (b) high cost of fabrication and field welding. Research indicates that well designed partially restrained connections can supply equal or even better cyclic behavior. Partially restrained connections also possess potential capability to develop self-centering system, which has many merits in seismic design.
The goal of this research is to develop a new connection configuration between circular concrete filled steel columns and conventional W steel beams. The new connection configuration is intended to provide another option for rapid assembling on site with low erection costs. The proposed connection is based on an extended stiffened end plate that utilizes through rods. The rods are a combination of conventional steel and shape memory alloy that provide both energy dissipation and self-centering capacity. The new connection configuration should be workable for large beam sizes and can be easily expanded to a biaxial bending moment connection.Ph. D.
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Asgari, Hadad Alireza. "Development of an Innovative Resilient Steel Braced Frame with BellevilleDisk and Shape Memory Alloy Assemblies." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1617105100959008.
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Ghasemi, Sahar. "Innovative Modular High Performance Lightweight Decks for Accelerated Bridge Construction." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2248.
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At an average age of 42 years, 10% of the nation’s over 607,000 bridges are posted for load restrictions, with an additional 15% considered structurally deficient or functionally obsolete. While there are major concerns with decks in 75% of structurally deficient bridges, often weight and geometry of the deck further limit the load rating and functionality of the bridge. Traditional deck systems and construction methods usually lead to prolonged periods of traffic delays, limiting options for transportation agencies to replace or widen a bridge, especially in urban areas.
The purpose of this study was to develop a new generation of ultra-lightweight super shallow solid deck systems to replace open grid steel decks on movable bridges and as well serve as a viable alternative in bridge deck replacements across the country. The study has led to a lightweight low-profile asymmetric waffle deck made with advanced materials. The asymmetry comes from the arrangement of primary and secondary ribs, respectively perpendicular and parallel to the direction of traffic. The waffle deck is made with ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) reinforced with either high-strength steel (HSS) or carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement. With this combination, the deck weight was limited to below 21 psf and its overall depth to only 4 inch, while still meeting the strength and ductility demands for 4 ft. typical stringer spacing. It was further envisioned that the ultra-high strength of UHPC is best matched with the high strength of HSS or CFRP reinforcement for an efficient system and the ductile behavior of UHPC can help mask the linear elastic response of CFRP reinforcement and result in an overall ductile system. The issues of consideration from the design and constructability perspectives have included strength and stiffness, bond and development length for the reinforcement, punching shear and panel action. A series of experiments were conducted to help address these issues. Additionally full-size panels were made for testing under heavy vehicle simulator (HVS) at the accelerated pavement testing (APT) facility in Gainesville. Detailed finite element analyses were also carried out to help guide the design of this new generation of bridge decks. The research has confirmed the superior performance of the new deck system and its feasibility.
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Turetta, Maxime. "Development of an innovative U-shaped steel-concrete composite beam solution : experimental and numerical studies on the mechanical behaviour." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0203.
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Une solution innovante de poutre mixte acier-béton a été développée en tenant compte des problématiques de résistance au feu et de montage sur chantier. La poutre est composée d'une partie métallique en U connectée à une partie en béton armé. En phase de construction, la poutre métallique supporte la dalle et constitue un coffrage pour la retombée en béton armé. La poutre en U résiste aux charges de construction sans système d’étaiement temporaire. Lors du coulage du béton, la poutre en acier est remplie en même temps que la dalle, ce qui permet un gain de temps considérable sur chantier. En phase d'exploitation, la poutre est mixte acier-béton. La connexion entre les deux matériaux est réalisée par des goujons à tête soudée en partie inférieure de la poutre en U. En situation d'incendie, la poutre mixte répond aux durées de stabilité au feu conventionnelles grâce aux armatures longitudinales à l'intérieur de la retombée avec des enrobages suffisants. Un état de l'art sur les solutions existantes répondant aux critères de la thèse est réalisé afin de proposer une solution innovante et optimisée. En phase de construction, sans présence de maintien, la poutre métallique en U est sujette à l’instabilité globale de déversement. Afin de caractériser la stabilité de la poutre, un test à échelle réelle est effectué au Laboratoire de l'Université du Luxembourg. Les résultats de l’essai sont comparés à des simulations numériques et à des études analytiques. Une étude paramétrique portant sur 200 configurations géométriques de la poutre en U est réalisée afin de valider l'utilisation de la courbe « b » pour le dimensionnement au déversement selon l’Eurocode 3. En phase d'exploitation, une fois le béton durci, la poutre présente un comportement mixte acier-béton assuré par la connexion. Pour des raisons de fabrication, la connexion est située dans une zone où le béton est soumis à des efforts de traction induits par la flexion de la poutre. Le béton dans cette zone est potentiellement fissuré, l’efficacité de la connexion et par conséquent le comportement mixte acier-béton sont étudiés. Un autre test, à échelle réelle, est effectué dans le Laboratoire de l'Université du Luxembourg. La ruine de la poutre mixte, par effort tranchant, se produit à très grands déplacements. Cependant, l’échantillon présente un réel comportement mixte avec une ductilité élevée, la connexion est donc très efficace. Les résultats de l’essai sont comparés à des simulations numériques afin de valider le modèle par éléments finis développé. A partir des résultats numériques et des résultats d’essais, une méthode de conception pour déterminer la résistance à la flexion de cette poutre, basée sur l’Eurocode 4, est proposée en tenant compte de la plastification partielle des parois de la section en U. Une méthode de conception analytique globale est proposée pour la solution développée basée sur les Eurocodes, avec des considérations supplémentaires et des conseils de mise en œuvreAn innovative solution of steel-concrete composite beam was developed taking into consideration the fire situation and the construction stage. The beam is composed of a U-shaped steel part connected to a reinforced concrete part. In the construction phase, the beam is supporting the slab and constitutes a formwork for the reinforced concrete part. The U-shaped beam withstands the construction loads without any temporary propping system. When casting concrete, the steel beam is filled at the same time as the slab, this allows considerable time-saving on site. In exploitation stage, the beam behaves as a steel-concrete composite beam. The connection between the two materials is made by welded headed studs on the lower part of the U-shaped beam. In fire situations, the composite beam satisfies conventional fire stability durations due to the longitudinal reinforcements inside the concrete downstand part with sufficient covers. A literature review focuses on modern solutions that fulfils the criteria of the thesis is performed in order to develop an innovative solution optimised. In construction stage, the U-shaped steel beam without restraints is prone to lateral torsional buckling instability. In order to characterise the stability of the beam, a full-scale test is carried out at the Laboratory of the University of Luxembourg. The test clearly showed the lateral torsional buckling of the steel beam. The test results are compared to numerical simulations and analytical studies. A parametrical study, covering 200 geometrical configurations of the U-shaped beam, is carried out to validate the use of the curve "b" for the design of the steel beam for lateral torsional buckling according to Eurocodes 3. In the exploitation phase, once the concrete hardens, the beam has a steel-concrete composite behaviour provided by the shear connection between the two materials. For manufacturing reasons, the connection is located in a zone where the concrete is subjected to tension forces induced by the bending of the beam. The concrete in this zone is potentially cracked, thus the efficiency of the connection and therefore the mechanical steel-concrete composite behaviour is investigated. Another test is therefore carried out in the Laboratory of the University of Luxembourg, this time the specimen tested is made of concrete and steel. The failure mode is a shear mechanism of the composite beam at very large displacements. However, the beam specimen exhibited a real steel-concrete composite behaviour with high ductility, the connection is therefore very efficient. The test results are compared to numerical simulations in order to validate the finite element model developed. From numerical results and test results, an analytical method, based on EN 1994-1-1, is proposed to find the bending resistant of this composite beam by taking into account the partial yield of the side plates of the U-shaped steel section. A global analytical design method is proposed for the developed solution based on the Eurocodes with additional considerations and constructional guidelines
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Smith, Stanley Alfred. "Iron and steel in long-span construction 1847-1890 : a study of change and innovation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8473.
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Schumacher, Katja. "Innovative energy technologies in energy-economy models." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15654.
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Die Einführung neuartiger Energietechnologien wird allgemein als der Schlüssel zur Senkung klimaschädlicher Treibhausgase angesehen. Allerdings ist die Abbildung derartiger Technologien in numerischen Modellen zur Simulation und ökonomischen Analyse von energie- und klimaschutzpolitischen Maßnahmen vielfach noch rudimentär. Die Dissertation entwickelt neue Ansätze zur Einbindung von technologischen Innovationen in energie-ökonomische allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle, mit dem Ziel den Energiesektor realitätsnäher abzubilden. Die Dissertation adressiert einige der Hauptkritikpunkte an allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodellen zur Analyse von Energie- und Klimapolitik: Die fehlende sektorale und technologische Disaggregation, die beschränkte Darstellung von technologischem Fortschritt, und das Fehlen von einem weiten Spektrum an Treibhausgasminderungsoptionen. Die Dissertation widmet sich zwei Hauptfragen: (1) Wie können technologische Innovationen in allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle eingebettet werden? (2) Welche zusätzlichen und politikrelevanten Informationen lassen sich durch diese methodischen Erweiterungen gewinnen? Die Verwendung eines sogenannten Hybrid-Ansatzes, in dem neuartige Technologien für Stromerzeugung und Eisen- und Stahlherstellung in ein dynamisch multi-sektorales CGE Modell eingebettet werden, zeigt, dass technologiespezifische Effekte von großer Bedeutung sind für die ökonomische Analyse von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen, insbesondere die Effekte hinsichtlich von Technologiewechsel und dadurch bedingten Änderungen der Input- und Emissionsstrukturen. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Dissertation, dass Lerneffekte auf verschiedenen Stufen der Produktionskette abgebildet werden müssen: Für regenerative Energien, zum Beispiel, nicht nur bei der Anwendung von Stromerzeugungsanlagen, sondern ebenso auf der vorgelagerten Produktionsstufe bei der Herstellung dieser Anlagen. Die differenzierte Abbildung von Lerneffekten in Exportsektoren, wie zum Beispiel Windanlagen, verändert die Wirtschaftlichkeit und die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und hat wichtige Implikationen für die ökonomische Analyse von Klimapolitik.Energy technologies and innovation are considered to play a crucial role in climate change mitigation. Yet, the representation of technologies in energy-economy models, which are used extensively to analyze the economic, energy and environmental impacts of alternative energy and climate policies, is rather limited. This dissertation presents advanced techniques of including technological innovations in energy-economy computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. New methods are explored and applied for improving the realism of energy production and consumption in such top-down models. The dissertation addresses some of the main criticism of general equilibrium models in the field of energy and climate policy analysis: The lack of detailed sectoral and technical disaggregation, the restricted view on innovation and technological change, and the lack of extended greenhouse gas mitigation options. The dissertation reflects on the questions of (1) how to introduce innovation and technological change in a computable general equilibrium model as well as (2) what additional and policy relevant information is gained from using these methodologies. Employing a new hybrid approach of incorporating technology-specific information for electricity generation and iron and steel production in a dynamic multi-sector computable equilibrium model it can be concluded that technology-specific effects are crucial for the economic assessment of climate policy, in particular the effects relating to process shifts and fuel input structure. Additionally, the dissertation shows that learning-by-doing in renewable energy takes place in the renewable electricity sector but is equally important in upstream sectors that produce technologies, i.e. machinery and equipment, for renewable electricity generation. The differentiation of learning effects in export sectors, such as renewable energy technologies, matters for the economic assessment of climate policies because of effects on international competitiveness and economic output.
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Patel, Purvik. "LRFD design of double composite box girder bridges." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003218.
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Tivelli, Marco M. (Marco Mario) 1964. "Innovation in mature industries : recent impacts of the oil & gas and automobile technological trends on the steel industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17873.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-106).
In order to survive, the steel industry has undergone traumatic changes in the last years. A thirty years old overcapacity combined with a slow growing market led to a steadily eroding profitability of steel companies, particularly in developed economies. These factors determined an industry profile delineated by a relentless quest for cost cutting and efficient operations. Regarding innovation, the approach of the steel industry has been reactive, basically following market requirements. The industry has historically found itself far from its customers businesses and has struggled to find innovative products and services that could meet an unperceived or unarticulated need so as to propose higher value and grow its market. Two important customers of the steel industry are the oil and gas and the automotive industries, two mature businesses as well. Even when changes in these two steel users have also been relatively slow, the more recent technological trends analyzed in this work suggest an upcoming faster pace of change. This thesis examines these recent technological trends in the oil and gas and automotive industries with regards to the potential impact in the steel industry. Some of the technological gaps that might be encountered in those trends are visited, in particular where substitution of lighter materials for steel is a possible avenue. Other cases where the new technological trend may affect consumption of steel are also analyzed. Following these lines, the thesis goes on analyzing the steel general approach to innovation and R&D and speculates on provocative alternatives to that approach that could put the industry in a better position for the future.
by Marco M. Tivelli.
S.M.M.O.T.
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Passarelli, Garrett J. "A Feasiblity Study on the Fatigue Performance of Laser Beam Welds and Hybrid-Laser Arc Welds Used in an Innovative Modular Steel Sandwich Panel Bridge Deck SyStem." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45149.
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This research investigation explores the feasibility of implementing a laser welded
sandwich steel panel bridge deck system as a viable alternative to standardized reinforced
concrete bridge decks. Generally used in naval ship building applications, steel sandwich
panels possess attractive characteristics towards the integration with bridge infrastructure such
as service life in excess of 100 plus years, dead load reduction, rapid construction, decreased
closure time, and automated mass production. The lack of fatigue data for the laser â stakeâ
welds used to create the enclosed sandwich panel geometry raised concerns with respect to
fatigue life. The primary focus of this study was to determine whether or not infinite fatigue life
was possible. Two different laser welding technologies were investigated, Laser Beam
Welding (LBW) and Hybrid-Laser Arc Welding (HLAW). Test specimens were fabricated and
tested in order to examine fatigue resistance based on a localized load effect between adjacent
core stiffeners. Finite element models were used to obtain the stress range for each individual
test due to complex geometry and partially restrained boundary conditions. In order to assess
the fatigue performance of the overall deck system, additional finite element models were
created to study the local and global behavior of different sandwich panel configurations. As a
whole the investigation yielded promising results. Infinite fatigue life is achievable due to
outstanding fatigue performance. The HLAW stake welds demonstrated superior fatigue
resistance in comparison to the LBW process. Localized load effects can be minimized
through the modification of different panel parameters. Pushing forward, full scale testing is
essential to the future employment of this innovative bridge deck system.Master of Science
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GÖRANSSON, ALBIN, and EBBA LEICKT. "Samarbete inom svensk stålindustri : HYBRIT-projektet, utveckling mot fossilfritt stål." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279773.
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Stålindustrin är en stor börda för miljön, i Sverige står den för 10% av allt koldioxidutsläpp. HYBRIT, som är ett samarbete mellan tre stora svenska företag, har som mål att helt eliminera koldioxidutsläppen av svensk stålindustri innan 2045. Syftet med den här rapporten är att undersöka hur ett samarbete mellan olika företag påverkar deras produktutveckling och vad som motiverar dem till att samarbeta. Forskningsfrågorna, som utgick från syftet, byggdes upp genom en litteraturstudie på ämnesområdet för att få en grundläggande inblick i de teorier som finns idag. Det kompletterades med en teoretisk referensram för att få djupare förståelse i ämnet. För att erhålla empiri hölls semistrukturerade intervjuer med relevanta representanter från de företag som ingick i det valda case som projektet utgick från. För att få en inblick i hur ett samarbete ser ut och kunna besvara syftet höll sig studien till HYBRITsamarbetet och alla resultat är därför baserade på det. Intervjuerna tog upp hur de olika företagens produktutveckling sett ut tidigare, om/hur samarbetet har påverkat produktutvecklingen och vad som motiverade företagen att ingå i samarbetet. Intervjuerna transkriberades och olika teman hittades som återkom under intervjuerna. Resultatet från intervjuerna analyserades tillsammans med litteraturen för att sedan kunna dra slutsatser från det. Studien visar att samarbetet påverkar produktutvecklingen på företagen på olika men liknande sätt beroende på hur det såg ut tidigare på företagen. När det gäller varför det blev ett samarbete var svaret att alla hade något att vinna på det utan att behöva riskera för mycket och att en så stor omställning av värdekedjan som HYBRIT utför inte hade kunnat ske utan ett samarbete där risker och resurser delas.The steel industry takes a big toll on the environment. In Sweden, it contributes to 10% of all carbon dioxide emissions. HYBRIT is a collaboration between three big Swedish companies whose goal is to make the Swedish steel industry free from carbon emissions by 2045. The purpose of this report is to investigate how a collaboration between companies can affect their product development and what motivates them to collaborate. The research questions linked to the purpose where constructed through a research in the areas around collaboration. To gain empirical data, semi structured interviews were held with relevant respondents from the companies engaged in the collaboration chosen as case for the study. To get an insight in how a collaboration might look and to be able to answer to the purpose and research questions, the study is looking into the collaboration of HYBRIT. All the results for this paper are based on that. The interviews covered what the different company’s product development looked like before, if and how the collaboration have affected that process and what motivated the company to engage in a collaboration. Interviews were transcribed and different, reoccurring themes were found. The result of the interviews was analyzed together with literature to draw conclusions from it. The study shows that collaboration affects product development in different but similar ways in different companies depending on the previous process at the company. When it comes to why the collaboration happened, the answer was that everyone had something to gain from it without having to risk too much. Also, that a change of this size in the supply chain that HYBRIT conducts would not have been possible without a collaboration where risks and expenses could be shared.
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Camarotto, Márcio Roberto. "Novas técnicas e práticas de gestão no setor da saúde e seus impactos sobre os trabalhadores (médicos e enfermeiros): o hospital Stella Maris." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2448.
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-19The goal of this thesis was to identify the changes on the work experienced by physicians and nurses on the hospital environment. During the last few years have emerged innovations, new technologies and management practices that imposed to these professionals efforts to adapt in a reality that is increasingly complex. Thereby, the research evidenced how Public Policies implementation, acquisition of new competences and changes on the care delivered to the patient affected the work of physicians and nurses on the hospital environment. The investigation method used was the case study, with semi-structured interviews held with the subjects in Stella Maris Hospital, located in the city of Guarulhos. The results indicated that the Health in Brazil is still sick , although SUS has provided a few advances over the previous situation. Nonetheless, the technological transformation and the new management techniques have not contributed, considering the population demand for public health services, to an improvement on the quality of the work provided by physicians and nurses and the services provided
O propósito desta tese foi identificar as mudanças no trabalho vivenciadas por médicos e enfermeiros no ambiente hospitalar. Nos últimos anos surgiram inovações, novas tecnologias e práticas de gestão que impuseram a esses profissionais esforços de adaptação em uma realidade crescentemente complexa. Além disso, há outros atores importantes no Sistema de Saúde que, direta ou indiretamente, tomam decisões que afetam o cotidiano e o trabalho desses profissionais. Assim, a pesquisa demonstrou como a implantação de Políticas Públicas, a necessidade de aquisição de novas competências e as mudanças no atendimento realizado ao paciente afetaram o trabalho de médicos e enfermeiros no espaço hospitalar. O método de investigação utilizado foi o estudo de caso, com entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos sujeitos, no hospital Stella Maris, localizado na cidade de Guarulhos. Os resultados indicaram que a Saúde continua doente no Brasil, embora o SUS tenha proporcionado alguns avanços em relação à situação anterior. Ademais, as transformações tecnológicas e as novas práticas de gestão não contribuíram, considerando-se a população que demanda por serviços públicos de saúde, para uma melhora na qualidade do trabalho de médicos e enfermeiros e dos serviços prestados
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Andersson, Joakim. "Opera i Stockholm, Galärvarvet." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-35072.
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Niamchaona, Wichian. "Modélisation de l'influence des défauts de surface sur le comportement en fatigue de nuances d'acier innovantes." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC086.
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L’innovation de l’industrie métallurgique des aciers pour le secteur automobile passe par la fabrication de nuances d’acier à haute résistance telle que le grade CP800. Les nuances d’acier sont très sensibles, du point de vue de leur comportement en fatigue, à la présence d’un défaut de surface comme ceux générés par la mise en forme des pièces ou par la découpe des tôles. Des défauts de plusieurs types et de différentes tailles, similaires à ceux rencontrés lors du poinçonnage ou de l’emboutissage des tôles, ont été reproduits par électroérosion sur des éprouvettes de la nuance d’acier CP800. Ces éprouvettes font l’objet de notre étude en fatigue sur les plans numérique et expérimental. La modélisation de l’influence de ces défauts en fatigue utilise les deux approches globale et de type plan critique de la fatigue multiaxiale, et avec prise en compte du gradient des contraintes.La simulation numérique vise à établir les champs des contraintes et leurs gradients au voisinage des défauts analysés expérimentalement. La prise en compte des gradients des contraintes permet aux critères de fatigue multiaxiaux une prévision du comportement réel en fatigue beaucoup plus juste de cette nuance d’acier en présence de défauts de surface. Prendre en compte l’influence du gradient de contrainte est indispensable pour une prévision correcte de la limite de fatigue du matériau à haute résistance en présence d’un défaut de petite tailleThe steel manufacturers develop nowadays high strength steels as CP800 grade for automotive applications for the purpose of lightening vehicles. Such steels are strongly sensitive from the fatigue behaviour point of view to the surface defects generated by metal forming or cutting of steel sheets. Surface defects of different types and sizes were machined by electroerosion on CP800 specimens so that they are similar to the surface defects observed on steel sheets after stamping or cutting. The present study deals with the numerical and the experimental fatigue behaviour simulation of these specimens.The defect influence modelisation about the steel fatigue behaviour uses either the critical plane approach or the integral approach in multiaxial fatigue.The stress gradient influence contributes also to the fatigue life prediction of the defective simples.The numerical simulation aims to assess stress states and stress gradient fields within the tested specimens in the vicinity of their own surface defects. Accounting for stress gradients strongly improves the ability of multiaxial fatigue criteria to accurately predict the actual fatigue resistance of defective specimens. It shows also that multiaxial criteria have to be calibrated over fatigue test results with high stress gradients to properly predict the fatigue behaviour of high strength steel with surface small defect
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Špaček, Ladislav. "Analýza a inovace elektrických motorků pro automobily." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219009.
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Direct current motors and stepping motors are very often used for electric drives in cars. The most frequent representatives of direct current motors are electric starter and wind- screen wiper motor. Stepping motors are very often used for electric regulating of outsides driving mirrors and seats. This study is focused on innovation and DC permanent magnet motor. The disadvanage of direct current motors is so called „sliding contact“. A possible compensation of direct current motor are EC (electronically commutator) motors that do not need sliding contact for their work.
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Vandewattyne, Jean. "L'innovation managériale et la modernisation des entreprises." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212080.
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Partant du mouvement managérial de remise en cause de l'organisation classique aussi appelée bureaucratie mécaniste ou encore entreprise taylorienne et fordienne qui a pris vigueur au début des années 80, l'architecture de cette thèse se structure en trois parties étroitement interdépendantes.
La première partie porte sur l'innovation managériale, c'est-à-dire sur les doctrines et les outils de gestion qui, à partir de la fin du siècle passé et du début de ce siècle, ont façonné l'histoire du management. Le regard porté conduit à relativiser voire à rompre avec certains lieux communs. Ainsi force est de constater que l'entreprise classique a fait l'objet au cours du temps d'un certain nombre de critiques, d'un certain nombre de tentatives d'aménagement voire même de dépassement. Notons toutefois que, par rapport aux tentatives précédentes, celle qui a débuté au début des années 80 apparaît beaucoup plus profonde au niveau des intentions et surtout beaucoup plus largement partagée par les managers. Par ailleurs, la lecture avancée insiste sur la dimension cyclique de l'histoire du management. Enfin, concernant la période actuelle, l'idée de mode est réfutée au profit de celle d'un construit étalé dans le temps.
La deuxième partie est consacrée à une étude de cas portant sur une grande entreprise sidérurgique. L'analyse faite s'articule autour du concept de bloc sociotechnologique dont la paternité revient à Pierre Bouvier (Le travail au quotidien: une démarche socio anthropologique, Paris, PUF, 1989). Dans cette optique, l'histoire récente de l'entreprise peut être posée comme celle du passage d'un bloc à un autre, c'est-à-dire d'une articulation relativement cohérente entre des variables différentes sociale, économique, politique, technologique. à une autre. Pour le faire ressortir, trois histoires connexes ont été relatées et analysées en détail:
La première histoire est micro-économique. Elle fait une large place à la crise comme élément de rupture par rapport au passé et aux restructurations successives qu'elle a entraînées. Sur la durée, celles-ci sont particulièrement révélatrices de l'évolution des rapports de force entre les acteurs. Elles mettent également en lumière les "dégâts" humains et sociaux provoqués par la modernisation.
La deuxième histoire est relative à l'évolution technologique. En sidérurgie, comme dans la plupart des secteurs traditionnels, les nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication sont venues véritablement bouleverser les univers de travail. A ce niveau, l'analyse s'est centrée sur les multiples effets socio-organisationnels liés à l'informatisation des outils.
La troisième et dernière a trait à la modernisation managériale. Dans le cas particulier de l'entreprise, elle débute à la fin des années 70 avec l'arrivée d'un nouveau directeur général. Toutefois, ce n'est qu'au début des années 80 que la volonté de renouveau managérial commence réellement à se concrétiser avec le développement des cercles de qualité et de progrès. Par la suite, l'entreprise ne cessera d'innover. Ainsi, vers la fin des années 80, la direction adopte la qualité totale comme mode de management. Dans ce cadre, elle multiplie les nouveaux concepts et les nouveaux outils de gestion: plan d'amélioration de la qualité, assurance qualité, topomaintenance, statistical process control, prime de progrès, etc. Enfin, après avoir réalisé d'importantes économies et fiabilisé son processus de production, vers le milieu des années 90, la direction témoigne d'une volonté de repenser son mode d'organisation et de gestion du personnel. Ainsi, par exemple, il est de plus en plus question d'organisation apprenante ou qualifiante.
Chacune de ces innovations a fait l'objet d'une présentation et d'une analyse socio-organisationnelle approfondie. Sans entrer dans les détails, soulignons cependant que la mise en oeuvre d'une nouvelle organisation du travail et d'une gestion individualisée des carrières vient en quelque sorte finaliser l'émergence d'un nouveau bloc sociotechnologique.
Quant à la troisième partie, elle est consacrée à une lecture théorique de l'innovation managériale à partir des concepts de l'analyse stratégique. Toutefois, la mobilisation du cadre théorique développé par Michel Crozier et Erhard Friedberg a également conduit à en souligner certaines limites dont le rejet de la dimension historique de l'organisation et de ses acteurs.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Espinos, A., M. L. Romero, and Dennis Lam. "Fire performance of innovative steel-concrete composite columns using high strength steels." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8142.
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yesThis paper presents the results of a numerical investigation on strategies for enhancing the fire behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns by using inner steel profiles such as circular hollow sections (CHS), HEB profiles or embedded steel core profiles. A three-dimensional finite element model is developed for that purpose, which is capable for representing the various types of sections studied and the nonlinear behaviour of the materials at elevated temperatures. High strength steel is considered in the numerical model, as a possible way to lengthen the fire endurance. The numerical model is validated against experimental results available in the literature for various types of steel-concrete composite sections using inner steel profiles, obtaining satisfactory results. Based on the developed numerical model, parametric studies are conducted for investigating the influence of the cross-sectional geometry and the steel grade of the inner profiles on the fire performance of these composite columns, for eventually providing some practical recommendations.
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"Improvement of the mechanical properties of TRIP-assisted multiphase steels by application of innovative thermal or thermomechanical processes." Université catholique de Louvain, 2008. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-08232008-100716/.
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Lin, Yun, and 林昀. "Impacts of Organizational Innovation Capability and Organizational Innovative Climate on Organizational Innovation Performance：The Case of Mayer Steel Pipe Corporation in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7w2sf8.
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碩士大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
103
With the development of the times, the sales scope of business is no longer limited to national boundaries, consumers are easily access to global brand merchandise, and have more choices to buy. However, in such a trend of global, companies from various countries are facing more competition and challenges. Under the background of globalization, consumers are pursuing new products, so that product life cycles are constantly shortening in different industries. Manufacturers in order to cope with this trends, they launch new products to attract consumers frequently in highly competitive markets. Moreover, regardless of successful for new products, company must to innovation continually. It also represents that companies are required to have certain degree of innovation capability that is “organizational innovation capability”. Under the influence of the environment, organizational innovation capability has been valued by business managers, it faced the rising of business and industry around the world, for organizational innovation climate, and how to stand out in highly competitive markets is a topic for the overarching concern of this study. This study is based on organizational innovation capability and organizational innovation climate as the main research, to investigate the relationships of organizational innovation performance, organizational innovation capability, organizational innovation climate, and used qualitative research to discussion. This study takes the case of Mayer Steel Pipe Corporation as the empirical research object, after summarized the first interview, questionnaires to measure and the last interview, we obtain the following conclusions. The results show that Mayer Steel Pipe Corporation has overall positive and sufficient organizational innovation capability, and its positive organizational innovation climate also has positive effect on organizational innovation performance. Therefore, this study inferred that organizational innovation capability has a positive effect on organizational innovation performance, and organizational innovation climate has a moderating effect on the relationship between organizational innovation capability and organizational innovation performance.
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RAMESHNI, RAMIN. "INNOVATIVE HYBRID FRP/STEEL SPLICE DETAILS FOR MODULAR BRIDGE EXPANSION JOINTS." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6896.
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Bridge expansion joints are directly subjected to traffic load, and thus prone to premature fatigue failure. Replacement of components such as modular bridge expansion joints is typically done in a staggered schedule to minimize traffic blockage. Field splices are used to connect the successively installed segments. These splices typically include a combination of field welding or bolting, and experience has shown that they often fail due to fatigue cracking.
This thesis reports the investigation of hybrid FRP/steel splice details that avoid the use of field welding.
Two configurations have been examined: A GFRP pultruded square tube section, adhesively bonded to the soffit of the spliced beam, consists the moment resisting component in one configuration, whereas the other takes advantage of two series of FRP plates for this purpose. Bolted steel plates splice the beam through web in both cases. The behaviour of these details has been studied extensively under vertical static loads. The effect of several parameters including bond length, FRP end shape, bond surface treatment, adhesive, etc. for each detail has been investigated. A three-dimensional, non-linear finite element model has been developed for each detail and validated using the experimental results.
The bond strength of two adhesives was investigated experimentally using double shear lap splice tests.
A new method is proposed to analyze the strength of the splice details. This method is based on the results obtained from shear lap splice tests and the verified finite element model developed for the splice detail. The finite element model could thus be used for further parametric studies. More experiments, however, are statistically required before using this model with confidence.
The fatigue behaviour of one of the promising splice details has been investigated both experimentally and numerically. A special fatigue test set-up has been designed and used successfully for this purpose. Two fatigue tests to 1,000,000 cycles were run. One failed at 719, 347 cycles and the other survived 1,000,000 cycles. The predicted fatigue life as per the developed model was 871,840 cycles. More experiments are required to understand the fatigue behaviour of the splice detail under various stress ranges.Thesis (Ph.D, Civil Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2011-11-30 16:53:07.385
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Mashiri, F. R., O. Mirza, C. Canuto, and Dennis Lam. "Post-fire Behaviour of Innovative Shear Connection for Steel-Concrete Composite Structures." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/11140.
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YesSteel-concrete composite structures are commonly used in buildings and bridges because it takes advantage of tensile strength of steel and compressive strength of concrete. The two components are often secured by shear connectors such as headed studs to prevent slippage and to maintain composite action. In spite of its popularity, very little research was conducted on steel-concrete composites particularly on headed stud shear connectors in regards to its post-fire behaviour. This research investigates the post-fire behaviour of innovative shear connectors for composite steel and concrete. Three type of connectors were investigated. They are headed stud shear connectors, Blind Bolt 1 and Blind Bolt 2 blind bolts. Push-out test experimental studies were conducted to look at the behaviour and failure modes for each connector. Eighteen push tests were conducted according to Eurocode 4. The push test specimens were tested under ambient temperatures and post fire condition of 200˚C, 400˚C and 600˚C. The results in ambient temperature are used to derive the residual strength of shear connectors after exposing to fire. Findings from this research will provide fundamental background in designing steel-concrete composites where there is danger of fire exposure.
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Huang, Chung-chia, and 黃重嘉. "Key Success Factors and Innovative Applications of Technical Marketing in Steel Industries." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02799522635166410331.
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碩士國立中山大學
高階經營碩士班
104
The Chinese steel industry has entered the age of oversupply. In 2015, the total amount of weight produced in China added up to 804 million metric tons while the consumption of steel declined to merely a level of 686 million metric tons. The overproduction of more than 100 million metric tons can only be exported to the other countries in Asia at a low price, which severely disturbs the order of the regional steel market. Industries which fall into the price war can only try to survive by means of mass producing and cheap selling but often end up with even severer deficits. Over-production, over-supply, and a lack of product-differentiation market have become issues for the global steel market and challenges to all enterprise managers. It is of top priority to find a way out of the hard times. Technical marketing, which creates customer values, and key success factor identifying is a break-through and promising solution. In this paper, key success factor (KSF) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are used to analyze the operation mode of technical marketing of the steel industry to specify the key success factors in technical marketing. Michael Porter''s Value Chain Model from his famous work “Competitive Advantage, 1985” is also used to investigate application conditions of cross-industry alliance and vertical-integration of supply chain. A study and a solution on technical marketing are also proposed and the effectiveness of the grand alliance is verified. Qualitative analysis is used to analyze the steel industries in China, Japan, and Taiwan and furthermore to study the downstream steel users, such as steel structure manufacturers, automobile parts manufacturers and trading companies.Thirteen experts from seven companies are interviewed in depth. A quantity analysis in the form of questionnaire is performed to survey 12 members consisting of domestic and overseas technical service engineers and their supervisors. Through this research, a total-stage & multi-phase operation mode of technical marketing in the steel industry is summarized. The industry environment is proved to be a key success factor with an attribute weight of 42.1%. It is worthy of notice that among the factors of the all-level evaluation, industrial alliance is the most influential factor with an attribute weight of 17.7%. It reveals the fact that the competition among the global steel industry has evolved to industry-chain level and the old competing mode of fighting alone which domestic industries used to take does not work anymore. In this paper, in addition to the analysis of key success factors, a solution is also introduced and verified to provide a strategic structure and a practical action plan of technical marketing for enterprise managers. Based on technology, a new application which combines marketing manufacturing, channeling and branding is proposed to realize the industrial grand alliance as a reference for decision-making in order to strengthen industrial competitiveness. CSC, CSD, and BBI worked together and integrated 8 excellent hand tool makers to form the “hand tool grand alliance.” In July 2015, the number of customers which started sales of BBI’s products with the brand name of “Proferred,” has grown up to 682. Except for the 8 starting members of the alliance, another 6 more have joined and now a variety of hand tool products up to 14 items are being supplied. Daily turnover of the alliance has grown up to USD 4,000 since Sep, 2015 and the total order amount up to Mar , 2016 hit USD 630,000. In Apr 27, 2016, “Taiwan’s excellent hand tools development association” has been set up and incorporated in order to make sure of the operation of the hand tool grand alliance.
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Wei, Yu-Sheng, and 魏于勝. "Apply TRIZ to the Innovation Design of Steel Manufacturing." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4xq9s7.
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碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
106
This study apply the TRIZ “ Theory Of Inventive Problem Solving” including the “40 Inventive Principles“、 “39 Engineering Parameters” and “Contradiction Matrix” methods . It takes the stainless steel making VOD refining process new anti –splash ladle cover design for case study . This invention has been executed in the melting shop of author serving for and got significant achievement .
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Ramadhas, Vignesh. "A contribution to innovative methods for enhancing the economy of steel structures engineering." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16675.
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An engineer in his everyday practice, in addition to the tasks of analyzing, designing,
fabricating and erecting structures, is faced with the exigent task of decision making. The
process of making decisions becomes even more challenging in the presence of uncertainties.
Nevertheless, the presence of uncertainties is inevitable in all forms of engineering and
making efficient decisions in the presence of uncertainties is a critical skill that engineers as
decision makers must develop.
It is a well known fact that decisions made in the early stages of a project have greater
economic implications on the project than decisions made in the later stages when changes
become more expensive and difficult to make. However, there is a high level of uncertainty
associated with the early or conceptual stages of a project. In such stages, while making
decisions, the engineer relies on experience when challenged with problems similar to those
encountered previously and when faced with uncharted situations, falls back on engineering
judgment and first principles.
Since the issue of liability is a major concern, it is extremely critical that the engineer
supports his decision with proven decision making theories and analyses rather than with the
bare tag of "experience". Theories for decision making have already been well recognized in
fields such as business and economics and several methods, tools and software are now
available and can be used to apply decision making theories in everyday practice.
This thesis introduces several theories and criteria that can be used to make rational decisions
in situations of risk, uncertainty and incomplete knowledge. The practical implementation of
these theories with the help of tools such as Decision Trees, Influence Diagrams, Monte
Carlo Simulation, Sensitivity Analysis, Expected Monetary Value (EMV), etc. has also been
discussed. It is felt that a proper combination of theories and analytical techniques can
greatly rationalize the decision making process and improve the quality of the decisions
made. The focus of this report has been on using the decision making tools mentioned above
to enhance the economy of steel structures. Examples illustrating the same have been
provided and two case studies have been conducted to demonstrate the application of the
ideas discussed in real time problems and projects.Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Yang, Fu-Tsai, and 楊復財. "The Research Study on Innovation Development of China Steel Corporation." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f63dv8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
企業管理學系研究所
96
Due to these impacts from the price raising of the materials, the moving out of the industries, the rise of mainland China, and the merger of industries . China Steel Corporation will face more serious challenge from the global competition in the future. Although China Steel Corporation manages well, the past successful experiences could not promise future success. The competitive environment of industry is changing rapidly. To deal with this is to create and develop on the go, to proceed in time, to get with it, to respond quickly and lead the trend then can ensure to keep the development of competition superiority to make China Steel Corporation sustainable development. The target of innovation development for China Steel Corporation : 1.To research and develop high quality and high value for market segmentation. 2.To foster new technology and execute blue sea strategy for creating new market of non competition. 3.To develop on line equipment of automatic inspection system for ensuring quality innovation of products. 4.To research positively the investing chances for the materials of coal and iron mines to maintain the cost and quality of production. The key points of success for promoting innovation program as below: 1.The innovation program is for future innovation and brings with high risk. Therefore, it should offer related staffs more encouragement and assistance. 2.The innovation program needs cross department’s coordination and cooperation for future application. 3.To promote the innovation program to the highest level of the company, it needs to track the execution progress and plan the topic of new program quarterly. It should take notices as below for the future development of China Steel Corporation. 1.To Integrate resources for managing the competition of inner and outer environment. 2.To organize human resources reasonably for hiring new employees in advance for retirement tide would increase the organization vitality. 3.To add production lines of high quality for speeding up procedure raise effects for creating beneficial market. 4.To speed up the investment of steel materials in demanded and grown countries for responding effectively to the growing power of each country and area.
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LIAO, TZU-HUNG, and 廖梓宏. "Surface Finish of Medium-Sized STAVAX Mold Steel Using an Innovative Spherical Polishing Tool." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j24s9w.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
95
The objective of this research is to develop an innovative spherical-like polishing tool integrated with a CNC machining center, to improve the surface roughness of STAVAX plastic mold stainless steel. The optimal plane surface spherical-like polishing parameters have been determined after conducting the Taguchi’s L18 matrix experiments. Based on the results of the experiments, the optimal plane surface polishing parameters were the combination of the wheel material of wool, the wheel revolution speed of 1,600 rpm, stepover of 40 um, the abrasive of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with the grid diameter of 0.1 um, the depth of penetration of 80 um, the feed of 300 mm/min, the slurry mass concentration of 1:30, and the revolution speed with respect to the z-axis of 100 rpm. The burnished surface roughness of the test specimens could be improved from about Ra 0.214 um in average to Ra 0.03 um (Rmax 0.297 um) in average using the optimal plane surface spherical-like polishing parameters. Applying the optimal plane surface ball burnishing and spherical-like polishing parameters sequentially to a fine milled freeform surface carrier of a mouse, the surface roughness can be improved from Ra 0.11 um (Ry 0.88 um) in average to Ra 0.03 um (Ry 0.50 um) in average.
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DUNG, NGUYEN BA, and 阮伯勇. "Applying Innovation Approach To Improve The Processes Of Thin Steel Plate." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99364985493939358540.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
國際企業管理與製造產研碩外專班
99
Because of restrictive technical conditions, the hot rolling mills will meet some difficulties to manufacture thin hot-rolled steel sheet with the thickness of about 1.2 mm. Therefore, the thin rolled steel products are usually cold-rolled with higher cost. With these reasons, we make a study to improve the production line of hot-rolling thin steel plate for the steel hot-rolling mills. This study presents a improving and upgrading process for the production line of hot-rolling steel plate based on methods of Teoriya Reshniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ).The methods has been well-known and expectations for the steel rolling- metallurgy industry. Applying the basic inventions and the contradictions of TRIZ, we present a simple process to solve problems. In this study, we have discovered the weak points and improved three steps in the production chain. After improving and innovating production methods with repeated experiments, we saw that the new methods reduced by 21.5% (time) compared with the old ones. For the results, we can apply to intrustrial sector in producing hot rolling steel plate and reduce costs.
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Chiu, Ruey-Sen, and 邱瑞深. "Application of Innovative Technology to Improve the Heat Insulation Performance of Steel Roof Deck Coating." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21832072044277881984.
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博士中華大學
科技管理學系(所)
99
Colored steel deck plates are often used for roofs of factory buildings and the extension of buildings. The massive adoption of colored steel deck plates is due to their advantages in structure safety and short construction period. However, the metal materials of the plates have poor performance in heat insulation. Therefore, insulating linings are usually placed on the inner side of deck roofs to improve insulations. Yet, the extra electricity consumption caused by air conditioning to reduce the heat generated by roof steel plates remains a major problem. As a result, the issues of energy saving and carbon dioxide emission are in great urgency so the research for heat insulation improvement of steel deck plates must be done immediately. This research integrates the TRIZ theory with Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) to explore new insulating coatings on colored steel deck roofs. The innovation and research model is called I&R Model-DMADVI. After testing, this study proves that the new developed paint has raised reflective rate of the steel deck roofs and improved the insulating ability as well. The white insulating coating saves over 20% of electricity and the colored insulating coating saves over 14% of electricity on average, compared with colored steel deck plates. The innovative technology improves electricity saving and, most importantly, achieves the goal of energy saving & carbon reduction in Taiwan.
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Chen, Hsin-Pin, and 陳信賓. "A Study of Obstruction to Knowledge Management & Innovation of Steel Industry - Taking The China Steel Corporation as Example." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17623026849876987948.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
企業管理學系研究所
91
With the advent of the Age of Knowledge Economy, most businesses are gradually realizing that only knowledge can guarantee the long-term competition advantage for any individual business. To strengthen its competitive edge, China Steel Corporation (also known as CSC) has been actively investing in knowledge management in recent years. The purpose of this study, then, is an attempt to find out the factors that may be hindering CSC’s knowledge management and innovation and possible solutions to these issues. This study will first construct a relevant theory to knowledge management and innovation obstruction, followed by a discussion regarding the current situation of CSC’s knowledge innovation and management. Through in-depth interview and questionnaire survey with CSC’s individual departments, the present research is going to try to ascertain the factors in CSC’s knowledge obstruction, to devise a plausible solution relevant to the company’s problems, and to serve as an example for other businesses who may also be mapping their own knowledge management. The primary research subject of this study includes current CSC staff with a rank of certified engineer or above. All subjects are arranged into five main groups according to their departments. A total of 410 questionnaires are issued, but only 244 responses are deemed valid and are included in the research. Through various statistical analyses, like Reliability analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, ANOVA, etc., the present study concludes with the following findings: I.Through literature and interview, the cause and factors of knowledge management and innovation obstruction are discovered to be: A.System: 1. A lack of knowledge inheritance, 2. Insufficient trigger, 3. No professional staff, 4. No operational standard. B.Personnel: 1. Unwilling to share, 2. Insufficient training, 3. Insufficient time, 4. A lack of teamwork, 5. Insufficient understanding. C.Platform: 1. Insufficient data, 2. Insufficient hardware, 3. Time inefficiency, 4. Operation difficulty, 5. Insufficient safety. D.Management: 1. Insufficient understanding, 2. Insufficient willpower, 3. Insufficient support, 4.Insufficient communication. II.This study, through questionnaire survey, has confirmed that the degree in which each factor magnifies the obstruction depends on: A.In structural surface, platform is the most severe component, and personnel is considered to be a less severe component. The time inefficiency, insufficient safety and insufficient data are the three leading factors in the platform component, followed by personnel’s insufficient time and insufficient hardware. B.Unwilling to share, a lack of teamwork, and insufficient understanding are the mildest obstruction factors. III.Most subjects of the survey consider the current progress satisfactory, and they also believe that the personnel component has the most progress among many other factors, followed by the work done in knowledge innovation. The platform receives the lowest progress rating. IV.The relationship between individual difference, progress, and innovation obstruction: A.Staff from different work units experiences significant difference in terms of “innovation progress”, “system obstruction”, “personnel obstruction”, “platform obstruction”, and “management obstruction”, etc. Sales unit people face more hindrance in system, personnel, and management than other units. Operation unit people experience the least obstruction, and they also acquire more “innovation progress” than the sales unit. B.Staff with different work positions experiences significant difference in terms of “system obstruction”, “personnel obstruction”, and “management obstruction”, etc. Engineers in general face more hindrance than other staff in terms of the three main categories –“system obstruction”, “personnel obstruction”, and “management obstruction”. On the other hand, technicians evidently experience less obstruction than other kinds of staff. C.Staff with different educational backgrounds experiences significant difference in terms of “system obstruction”, “personnel obstruction”, “platform obstruction”, and “management obstruction”, etc. As a whole, staff with higher education will experience more obstruction and its accompanying factors. D.Staff with different seniority levels experiences significant difference only in terms of “personnel obstruction”. The result of post-occupational multi-comparison analysis shows that this obstruction does not reach a significant standard.
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Kamberovic, Farah. "Searching for innovative antitumoral drugs in marine microalgae." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/13994.
Full textAbstract:
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Current available chemotherapeutics are aggressive and not specific to cancer cells, causing damage and death of healthy cells as well. As a consequence, the number of side-effects in patients arise. Another important therapeutic issue is the development of resistance and/or development of secondary malignancies. In some types of cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and acute monocytic leukaemia (AML), chemotherapy is associated with high mortality rate. This points out to the need to search and identify new sources of anti-cancer drugs with high selectivity and toxicity only for malignant cells, while conserving healthy cells.
Marine microalgae are a rich source of different bioactive metabolites (e.g. poly-unsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, polysaccharides, phenols, sterols, vitamins) with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive properties, among others. During the past few years, marine microalgae have been featured in cancer research. In this research, we studied the cytotoxic effect of six selected microalgae species against adherent (HepG2) and suspended (THP-1) human cancer cell lines.
The ethanolic extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum was the most bioactive with an IC50 of 19.4±2.2 μg/mL for HepG2 cells. In addition, this extract was highly selective for HepG2 cells (SI=4.40) in comparison with a non-tumoural derived cell line (S17). The active extract was further subjected to bio-guided fractionation process to obtain four fractions: hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl-acetate and water with ethanol. Among these fractions, the dichloromethane fraction displayed high cytotoxicity towards both HepG2 and THP-1 cell lines with IC50 of 27.5±1.6 and 22.3±1.8 μg/mL, and selectivity of SI>4.54 and SI>5.60, respectively.
In order to tentatively identify compounds responsible for the observable cytotoxic effect, the dichloromethane fraction was analysed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thirteen molecules with potential anti-cancer properties were identified, belonging to six different classes of metabolites: saturated fatty acids (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), sterols, vitamins (dl-α-Tocopherol), phenols and terpenoid alcohols. The most abundant compounds detected were hexadecanoic acid, 9-hexadecenoic acid and 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).
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Liu, Ming-Tan, and 劉明潭. "Marketing innovation on constructional steel bar - A Case study of H Company." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pc9r27.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
高階經營碩士班
95
Marketing not merely refers to selling, advertising, sales promotion and public relation, but also includes various perspectives which shows solid knowledge and sturdy ability. Marketing relates to corporate operation and public daily lives intensively as well. However, it is difficult for corporation to implement diversified marketing activities due to confined product features. Marketing programs are particularly restricted to narrower scopes within the boundary of market characteristic and industry common practices for conventional industry. In virtue of the price fluctuation of international steel products in recent years, how to increase market share with more innovative marketing programs is an important strategic concern of steel industries. Hence, marketing innovation has become the breakthrough point that conventional industry needs to pursuit. This study profoundly analyzes the H-company, which has carried out its traditional sales practices for more than thirty years, by literature review and case study methodology. After recognizing the target market and focusing on meeting customers’ needs, we developed the innovative marketing strategies containing product, price, place and promotion aspects. Next, we integrated marketing techniques of horizontal and vertical alliances, financial instruments as well as marketing concepts. Then, by thoroughly executing ISO quality policy “ pragmatic quality, customer satisfaction” which H-company has exercised to build its new competition strategies and target of growth and profit. Based on these integrated concepts, we constructed an innovative marketing model. Finally, the in-depth interviews were made to verify the feasibility of this innovative marketing model from customers’ perspective. The sample comprised two direct clients and two intermediary agents, were selected from customers of H-company. The research reached the conclusions that the innovative marketing model proposed by this study has not only verified its market feasibility through clients’ in-depth interview, but also modified from customer’s perspective to fit customer needs. The ultimate target of the modified model is creating high customer value through high quality consistency, pricing based on customer value, forming closer partnership relationship, delivery reservation system, trustworthy business image, integrated service combining constructional reinforced steel bar forming industry or concrete industry, and marketing-finance integration service. The verification via deep customer interviews also demonstrates that the revised innovative marketing model can best approach customer needs and acquire high marketing achievements. Last but not least, the study was done in research methodology and provided some strategic implications, making up its contributions to both academic and practical aspects.
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Lee, Tsung-Chang, and 李聰昌. "Research for Process Innovation and Competitive Advantage of Iron & Steel Industry." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19053885513113170223.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
企業管理學系研究所
91
Abstract Since 1990, the scientific and technique are progressing fast, especially for information technique field is advancing day by day and year by year. It makes the business environment changing quickly. The advance of 3C technique, economic integration for international and blocking, global market and competition, it makes so much challenge and crisis. In highly competitive environment, “speed” is based requirement. Enterprise should go through “process innovation “ method to progress business competitive ability and to control the market. After Internet Network is invented and developed, the management concept of ERP (enterprise resource planned), SCM ( supply chain management ) and CRM( custom relation management ) leads the full newly competitive environment. During this newly competitive environment stage, the business how to make more better competitive advantage is the subject of this study. There are two main subjects for this study: 1. Analysis the key factors for competitive advantage of steel business and set up the model of competitive ability evaluation. The index for competitive ability evaluation include：（1）Growth（2）Profitability（3）Financiality（4）Stability（5）Activity（6）Productivity. 2. Set up the model for process innovation of steel business. According to evaluated model, analysis and compare 14 main companies in the steel world. The 3-best competitive ability companies are: Nucor steel is first, Thyssen Krupp company is 2nd, and 3rd is China steel company. Conclusion: 1.Competitive ability of steel company is not related to company size. 2.“ Process Innovation “ is best tool to improve the competitive ability. 3.Want to make value, it should follow the trend of age pulse and catch up it.
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Wu, Chienhung, and 吳健宏. "Innovative Energy Saving Design Combined With QFD And TRIZ - A Case Study Of A Steel Plant." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24906610537830973064.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
工業管理學系碩士在職專班
100
This study proposes an effective energy saving design process for steel industry based on QFD (Quality Function Deployment) and TRIZ. The study collected and analyzed energy saving techniques that have already been applied in steel industry, and then constructed the 40 inventive principles for steel industry. To find inventive solutions, house of quality is built by considering the voice of customers first. By analyzing the technical correlation matrix of QFD and the 39 engineering parameters of TRIZ, the technical contradictions are induced. The inventive energy saving solutions are derived from contradiction table and the developed 40 inventive principles of steel industry. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, this research applied the integrated QFD-TRIZ method to the continuous production line of one steel manufacturer in southern Taiwan. Several energy saving designs were generated and they were practically applicable.
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Cavallaro, Giovanni Ferrante. "Pseudo-dynamic tests and numerical analysis of free from damage Multistorey Steel Buildings with innovative connections." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/95020.
Full textAbstract:
One of the most widespread structural systems is represented by Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs). This structural system is made up of frames capable of resisting seismic actions through predominantly flexural tension states. The stiffness and lateral resistance of the system depend on the flexural strength of the members and the type of connection, while the development of the plastic hinges guarantee the dissipation of the seismic input energy. The location of the dissipative zones varies according to the design approach adopted, typically they develop in beams, columns and connections. The most widespread design philosophy is to have strong columns, weak beams and full-strength rigid connections with complete resistance restoration, in this way all the seismic energy tends to be dissipated by the plastic hinges at the ends of the beams and at the base of the columns of the first level.
In order to overcome the traditional design approach, the present research work introduces a new type of beam-column connection capable of exhibiting a remarkable rigidity in service conditions (SLE) and able to exhibit a remarkable dissipative capacity when a rare seismic event occurs. The codes currently in force provide that for seismic events characterized by a period of return comparable with the useful life of the construction (frequent or occasional events) the structures remain in the elastic field ensuring that the seismic energy is completely dissipated through viscous damping. Vice versa, the seismic energy must be dissipated through plastic engagement of parts of the Pseudo dynamic tests and numerical analysis of free from damage multistorey steel buildings with innovative connections structure, with wide and stable hysteresis cycles, for rare and very rare seismic events with a return period of about 500 years. The development of the hysteresis involves structural damage that have to be such as not to lead to the collapse of the structure in order to guarantee the protection of the life of those who occupy the building. The prediction of the behaviour of the structure in non-linear field for rare seismic events represents an aspect that only experimental research can describe in depth by developing new analytical models and innovative design philosophies. The execution of quasi-static tests can provide useful information in order to investigate the nonlinear behaviour of the members and the assemblages even if the forces or the displacement histories applied during the tests do not correspond exactly to the actions that occur during a real seismic event. The information obtained through these test procedures is however useful for calibrating analytical models and comparing the behaviour of structural components. The execution of tests on real scale structures is the best way to investigate the global behaviour of a structural system. For a more complete knowledge about the response in the dynamic field, the pseudo-dynamic tests represent a test protocol able to provide information of the structural response of a component or of a structure in a dynamic field through a static test.
The main purpose of this work, developed within the FREEDAM research project financed by the European Community, is to develop an innovative beam-column connection. These innovative connections are equipped with an additional damper able to dissipate the energy deriving from destructive seismic events. The FREEDAM beam-column connection, through an appropriate design of the various components, is able to withstand frequent earthquakes and rare events without causing damage to the structural elements.