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Journal articles on the topic 'Inoculum'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Eboibi, B. E., K. O. Adiotomre, F. Onobrudu, and E. Osioh. "Anaerobic Digestion of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) Waste: Effects of Inoculum on Biogas Production Rate." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 4, no. 2 (2020): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2020.02.0226.

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In this paper, cow manure fluid was used as inoculums to investigate biogas production rate from anaerobic digestion of cassava peel at mesophilic temperature (280C). The anaerobic experiment was conducted using six batch digesters (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6) each of 20L capacity for 40-day hydraulic retention. Each digester, was loaded with 5kg of cassava peel (CP) and 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of inoculum to CP. Hashimoto model was used to obtain the digestion kinetic parameters. The results of the study showed that inoculums influenced the rate of biogas production, showing variations

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2

de Carvalho, Nelson Mota, Célia Maria Costa, Cláudia Castro, et al. "Development of a Chicken Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) Simulation Model: Impact of Cecal Inoculum Storage Preservation Conditions." Applied Microbiology 3, no. 3 (2023): 968–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol3030066.

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A chicken gastrointestinal tract (GIT) simulation model was developed to help predict the potential effects of feed additives supplementation on chicken’ microbiota. The chemical and enzymatic conditions for oral, gastric, intestinal, and cecum fermentation phases were designed to closely resemble the chicken GIT conditions. For cecum fermentation, the inoculum was obtained from the cecal contents of 18 38-day broiler chickens. The impact of inoculum preservation on bacteria viability was assessed by comparing two methods of preservation with fresh inoculum: (1) 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at

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3

Chiaravalli, Maria, Luca Rapetti, Andrea Rota Graziosi, Gianluca Galassi, Gianni Matteo Crovetto, and Stefania Colombini. "Comparison of Faecal versus Rumen Inocula for the Estimation of NDF Digestibility." Animals 9, no. 11 (2019): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9110928.

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Cow faeces have been investigated as alternative inoculum to replace rumen fluid to determine neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility (NDFD). Aims of this study were to estimate: (1) the NDFD (48 h) of feed ingredients using a rumen inoculum in comparison with faecal inocula from cows fed diets with different forage basis; (2) the undigestible NDF (uNDF) at 240 and 360 h with ruminal fluid and faecal inocula from lactating cows fed two different diets. At 48 h incubation, the NDFD was affected both by feed and type of inoculum (p < 0.01) and by their interaction (p = 0.03). Overall, the

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Restrepo-Llano, Manuel, Nelson W. Osorio, and Juan D. León. "Assessment of the Effectiveness of Ectomycorrhizal Inocula to Promote Growth and Root Ectomycorrhizal Colonization inPinus patulaSeedlings Using the Most Probable Number Technique." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/870616.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the response ofPinus patulaseedlings to two inocula types: soil from aPinusplantation (ES) and anin vitroproduced inoculum (EM). The most probable number method (MPN) was used to quantify ectomycorrhizal propagule density (EPD) in both inocula in a 7-order dilution series ranging from 100(undiluted inoculum) to 10−6(the most diluted inoculum). The MPN method allowed establishing differences in the number of infective ectomycorrhizal propagules’ density (EPD) (ES=34per g;EM=156per g). The results suggest that the EPD of an inoculum may be a key factor that

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5

Malbasa, Radomir, Eva Loncar, Spasenija Milanovic, and Ljiljana Kolarov. "Use of milk-based kombucha inoculum for milk fermentation." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 40 (2009): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt0940047m.

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In this investigation fermented milk beverages with 0.9% of milk fat were produced using 10 and 15% (v/v) of traditional and milk-based kombucha inoculum by application of appropriate technological process. Milk fermentation using two types and concentrations of kombucha inoculum were stopped when the pH reached 4.5. Sigmoidal fermentation profiles were noticed with traditional kombucha inoculums and linear with milk-based kombucha inoculums. Chemical content and physico-chemical characteristics of kombucha fermented milk beverages were typical and yoghurt-like for all obtained products. The b

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6

Fleming, AI, ER Williams, and JW Turnbull. "Growth and Nodulation of Provenances of Casuarina cunninghamiana Inoculated With a Range of Frankia Sources." Australian Journal of Botany 36, no. 2 (1988): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9880171.

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Seed and root nodules (for use as a Frankia inoculum) collected from 18 provenances of Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq. were used in a complete cross-inoculation experiment conducted in a glasshouse. The provenances covered the geographical range of the species and represented major river systems. They were arranged a priori into five groups according to geographical location. Seventeen of the inocula were effective on seed from all provenances; one inoculum failed to nodulate seedlings from any provenance. Inoculum source, seed source and their interaction all affected plant growth. Greatest sho

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7

Vaganova, Anastasia N., S. V. Borisenko, E. V. Nesterova, et al. "Cefazolin inoculum effect among methicillinsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with skin infections." Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 23, no. 2 (2021): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36488/cmac.2021.2.205-211.

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Objective. To evaluate frequency and intensity of cefazolin inoculum effect among methicillin-susceptible staphylococci isolated from patients with skin infections. Materials and Methods. A total of 80 methicillin susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were identified by cefoxitin disk-diffusion test and negative results of real-time PCR for mecA gene. Inoculum effect was measured by broth microdilution test with two inocula with concentrations of 5 × 105 CFU/mL and 5 × 107 CFU/mL. The disk-diffusion test with cefoxitin was also performed. Penicillin susceptibility was determined by dis

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8

Indriyati, Indriyati. "VIRULENSI JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALSAMO) VUILLEMIN (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) TERHADAP KUTUDAUN (APHIS SPP.) DAN KEPIK HIJAU (NEZARA VIRIDULA)." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 9, no. 2 (2009): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.2992-98.

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Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) on aphid (Aphis spp.) and green stink bug (Nezara viridula). This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. It was aimed to test the virulence of field and commercial inoculum of B. bassiana on aphid and green stink bug. The field inoculum of B. bassiana was originated from infected grasshoppers and isolated in Biocontrol Laboratory of PT Gunung Madu Plantations, Central Lampung, while th

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9

Zervos, S., S. C. Johnson, and J. M. Webster. "Effect of temperature and inoculum size on reproduction and development of Heterorhabditis heliothidis and Steinernema glaseri (Nematoda: Rhabditoidea) in Galleria mellonella." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 5 (1991): 1261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-177.

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Larvae of Galleria mellonella were kept at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C, and exposed to six levels of inocula (5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500 infective juveniles/larva) of Heterorhabditis heliothidis and Steinernema glaseri. Temperature and inoculum level significantly affected time to first emergence, duration of emergence, and yield of juveniles. All parameters except emergence of H. heliothidis showed significant interactions between temperature and inoculum level. No juveniles emerged at 5 or 10 °C and development time was most rapid at 25 °C. No juvenile H. heliothidis emerge

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10

Nitzan, Nadav, Tom F. Cummings, and Dennis A. Johnson. "Disease Potential of Soil- and Tuberborne Inocula of Colletotrichum coccodes and Black Dot Severity on Potato." Plant Disease 92, no. 11 (2008): 1497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-11-1497.

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Inoculum of Colletotrichum coccodes, the cause of potato black dot, is soil- or tuberborne. Understanding the disease potential of sources of inocula is crucial for developing disease management strategies and resistance screening techniques. Two hypotheses were tested in this study: (i) soilborne inoculum causes more disease than tuberborne inoculum and (ii) black dot severity is related to the concentration of soilborne inoculum. Trials were conducted in the greenhouse with standardized inoculum. Plants grown in infested soil had more sclerotia on roots than plants grown from infected tubers

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11

Prado-Tarango, David Eduardo, Ricardo Mata-González, and Matthew Hovland. "Response of Sagebrush Steppe Grass Species to AMF Inoculum Sources and Biochar." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (2023): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051113.

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The sagebrush steppe has presented increasing levels of degradation. The addition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biochar have been suggested to restore ecosystems. However, little is known about their effects on sagebrush steppe plants. We tested three sources of AMF inoculum: soil from a disturbed site (Inoculum A), soil from an undisturbed site (Inoculum B), and commercial inoculum (Inoculum C), all with and without biochar, to test if they could mediate growth of Pseudoroegneria spicata (native perennial), Taeniatherum caput-medusae (early seral; exotic annual) and Ventenata dubi

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12

Waswa, Clinton, Peter Kabok, and Daudi Nyaanga. "Co-digestion of Pretreated Chicken – Goat and Untreated Cow Manure at Different Substrate to Inoculums Ratios and Total Solids for Biogas Production." Applied Research Journal of Environmental Engineering 3, no. 3 (2020): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjee202003024.

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Biogas production can be greatly affected by inoculum addition and total solids. The effect of the substrate to inoculum ratios and total solids of chicken, goat and cow manure on biogas production was studied using a 0.15m3 laboratory-scale batch digester at a constant temperature of 35°C. Feedstocks were mechanically minced to 3 mm effective particle sizes prior to co-digesting with untreated cow manure from a free-range dairy rearing system. Different amounts of cow substrate inoculum were used at ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1 and 6:1, while total solid levels between (7.5% and 10.5%) at int

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13

Waswa, Clinton, Peter Kabok, and Daudi Nyaanga. "Co-digestion of Pretreated Chicken – Goat and Untreated Cow Manure at Different Substrate to Inoculums Ratios and Total Solids for Biogas Production." Applied Research Journal of Environmental Engineering 3, no. 3 (2020): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjee20200303024.

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Biogas production can be greatly affected by inoculum addition and total solids. The effect of substrate to inoculum ratios and total solids of chicken, goat and cow manure on biogas production was studied using a 0.15m3 laboratory scale batch digester at a constant temperature of 35°C. Feed stocks were mechanically minced to 3 mm effective particle sizes prior to co-digesting with untreated cow manure from a free-range dairy rearing system. Different amounts of cow substrate inoculum were used at ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1 and 6:1, while total solid levels between (7.5% and 10.5%) at interv

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14

Restrepo-Llano, Manuel F., Nelson W. Osorio-Vega, and Juan D. León-Peláez. "Plant Growth Response ofPinus patulaandP. maximinoiSeedlings at Nursery to Three Types of Ectomycorrhizal Inocula." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2018 (September 26, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6027351.

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The objective of this study was to assess the response in seedling growth, root colonization, and P content of seedlings ofPinus maximinoiandP. patulato the inoculation with three types of ectomycorrhizal inocula with three doses (17.5, 35, and 70 kg·m−3) in nursery. The first inoculum was soil from aPinusplantations that contained three ectomycorrhizal fungi (Amanita muscaria, Amanitasp.,andSuillus luteus); the second was a crude inoculum composed by root fragments ofPinusseedlings colonized byS. luteussuspended in a sterile matrix soil-sand; the third inoculum was a mixture of two ectomycorr

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15

Ericksen, Bryan. "Enhancement of the activity of the antimicrobial peptides HNP1 and LL-37 by bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A." F1000Research 11 (August 15, 2022): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123044.1.

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Background: HNP1, LL-37, and HBD1 are antimicrobial against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 at the standard inoculum but less active at higher inocula. Methods: The virtual colony count (VCC) microbiological assay was adapted for high inocula and the addition of yeast tRNA and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase). 96-well plates were read for 12 hours in a Tecan Infinite M1000 plate reader and photographed under 10x magnification. Results: Adding tRNA 1:1 to HNP1 at the standard inoculum almost completely abrogated activity. Adding RNase 1:1 to HNP1 at the standard inoculum of 5x105 CFU/mL did

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16

Miller, S. M., A. V. Klieve, J. J. Plumb, R. Aisthorpe, and L. L. Blackall. "An in vitro cultured rumen inoculum improves nitrogen digestion in mulga-fed sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 4 (1997): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a96100.

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Mixed cultures of anaerobic micro-organisms were derived from feral goat rumen fluid (FGRF) using a laboratory fermentor to selectively culture microbes actively degrading mulga, and were evaluated as rumen inocula in digestion and liveweight studies with mulga-fed sheep. When placed in the rumen of sheep, FGRF enhances mulga digestion; however, limited supplies of feral goats, the labour involved in locating and mustering goats, and likely variations in the microbial composition of FGRF between animals and localities make the production of an in vitro cultured inoculum a desirable alternative

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Ericksen, Bryan. "Enhancement of the activity of the antimicrobial peptides HNP1 and LL-37 by bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A." F1000Research 11 (March 13, 2023): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123044.3.

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Background: HNP1, LL-37, and HBD1 are antimicrobial against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 at the standard inoculum but less active at higher inocula. Methods: The virtual colony count (VCC) microbiological assay was adapted for high inocula and the addition of yeast tRNA and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase). 96-well plates were read for 12 hours in a Tecan Infinite M1000 plate reader and photographed under 10x magnification. Results: Adding tRNA 1:1 wt/wt to HNP1 at the standard inoculum almost completely abrogated activity. Adding RNase 1:1 to HNP1 at the standard inoculum of 5x105 CFU/

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18

Douds Jr., D. D., G. Nagahashi, P. E. Pfeffer, W. M. Kayser, and C. Reider. "On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 85, no. 1 (2005): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p03-168.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonize the roots of the majority of crop plants, forming a symbiosis that potentially enhances nutrient uptake, pest resistance, water relations, and soil aggregation. Inoculation with effective isolates of AM fungi is one way of ensuring the potential benefits of the symbiosis for plant production. Although inocula are available commercially, on-farm production of AM fungus inoculum would save farmers the associated processing and shipping costs. In addition, farmers could produce locally adapted isolates and generate a taxonomically diverse inoculum. On-fa

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Mazlina, Mazlina, Asmarlaili S Hanafiah, A. Rauf, and Edy Sigit Sutarta. "Effectiveness of Organic Materials as Media in Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Inoculum to Changes on Acid Sulfate Soils." International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 2, no. 1 (2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v2i1.202.

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Acid sulphate soils (ASS) had low pH, low nutrients availability and also soluble aluminium and iron were high. Inoculum of sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) which organic matter as media could increased the soil pH, nutrient content and decrease sulfur-total of acid sulfate soils. The research was conducted in a randomized block design with two replications. This study used a randomized block design with two factors and two replications. The first factor was compost inoculum (C) was taken ten treatments from without any inoculum SRB and 9 treatment with different types and dosages of organic m

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Jais, F. K. A., S. H. A. Hassan, M. F. M. A. Zamri, M. F. Zulkornain, and A. H. Shamsuddin. "Biohydrogen production from kitchen organic waste via effective pre-treatment process of dark fermentation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1205, no. 1 (2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1205/1/012021.

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Abstract This research aims to highlight the effective pre-treatment process for biohydrogen production from kitchen organic waste in dark fermentation. The complexity of the fermentation process through the competing of the metabolic living bacteria requires a dynamical control of the process through the pre-treatment of the substrate’s mixtures. In this research the pre-treatment process parameters and inoculum condition that affect biohydrogen production via dark fermentation process were investigated. The parameter that affects biohydrogen production via the dark fermentation process have

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21

Muñiz-Paredes, Facundo Rafael, and Octavio Loera. "The importance of strong inocula in fungal cultures." Mexican Journal of Biotechnology 1, no. 1 (2016): 120–34. https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2016.1.1.120-134.

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Inoculum quality as starters of industrial fermentations, as well as propagules (conidia) from entomopathogenic fungi, is an important parameter that could define the success of either fermentation or biocontrol agents. Strong quality inocula have the potential to overcome some disadvantages from industrial scale bioprocesses, compared to chemical processes, which in some cases are shared with biocontrol agents compared to chemical pesticides. Features of strong inocula include the ability to accumulate compatible solutes to withstand harsh conditions such as high temperature, and also high ca

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Jodhani, Sharli, Joseph Sebastian, Jangho Lee, et al. "Acidogenic Fermentation of Food Waste for the Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids: The Impact of Inoculum Type and Inoculum Heat Pretreatment." Fermentation 10, no. 3 (2024): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10030162.

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Acidogenic fermentation is an emerging biotechnology that allows for the utilization of food waste as a feedstock to produce high-value products such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), effectively offering a tangible solution for food waste management as well as resource recovery. The objectives of the current study were to identify the ideal inoculum, waste-activated sludge (WAS) or anaerobic digester sludge (AD), for the acidogenic fermentation of food waste at room temperature, as well as to evaluate the impact of heat pretreatment of these inoculums on fermentation performance. The maximu

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Lenhard, Justin R., та Zackery P. Bulman. "Inoculum effect of β-lactam antibiotics". Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, № 10 (2019): 2825–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz226.

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AbstractThe phenomenon of attenuated antibacterial activity at inocula above those utilized for susceptibility testing is referred to as the inoculum effect. Although the inoculum effect has been reported for several decades, it is currently debatable whether the inoculum effect is clinically significant. The aim of the present review was to consolidate currently available evidence to summarize which β-lactam drug classes demonstrate an inoculum effect against specific bacterial pathogens. Review of the literature showed that the majority of studies that evaluated the inoculum effect of β-lact

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Hartmann, Katrine Top, Regitze Lund Nielsen, Freja Mikkelsen, et al. "RETHINKING THE INOCULUM USED IN ANIMAL MODELS OF IMPLANT-ASSOCIATED OSTEOMYELITIS: THE FORMATION AND APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL AGGREGATES." Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_17 (2023): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.17.021.

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AimTo make an inoculum for induction of Implant-Associated Osteomyelitis (IAO) in pigs based on bacterial aggregates resembling those found on the human skin, i.e. aggregates of 5–15 µm with low metabolic activity. The aggregates were evaluated and compared to a standard planktonic bacterial inoculum.MethodThe porcine Staphylococcus aureus strain S54F9 was cultured in Tryptone Soya Broth for seven days. Subsequently, the culture was filtered through cell strainers with pore sizes of 15 µm and 5 µm, respectively. The fraction of 5–15 µm aggregates in the top of the 5 µm filter was collected as

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SHARMA, MANAN, LARRY R. BEUCHAT, MICHAEL P. DOYLE, and JINRU CHEN. "Survival of Salmonellae in Pasteurized, Refrigerated Calcium-Fortified Orange Juice." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 9 (2001): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.9.1299.

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Studies were done to determine the survival of salmonellae in orange juice as affected by fortification with calcium. Four brands of commercially pasteurized orange juice fortified with calcium (350 mg/240-ml serving) and nonfortified juice were inoculated separately with three types of inocula: strains of Salmonella Muenchen (inoculum 1), serotypes of human and animal origin (inoculum 2), and isolates from raw produce- and juice-associated outbreaks (inoculum 3). Juice inoculated with populations of 6.6 to 7.0 log10 CFU of Salmonella per ml was held at 4°C for up to 32 days. The number of cel

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Ericksen, Bryan. "Enhancement of the activity of the antimicrobial peptides HNP1 and LL-37 by bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A." F1000Research 11 (November 30, 2022): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123044.2.

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Background: HNP1, LL-37, and HBD1 are antimicrobial against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 at the standard inoculum but less active at higher inocula. Methods: The virtual colony count (VCC) microbiological assay was adapted for high inocula and the addition of yeast tRNA and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase). 96-well plates were read for 12 hours in a Tecan Infinite M1000 plate reader and photographed under 10x magnification. Results: Adding tRNA 1:1 wt/wt to HNP1 at the standard inoculum almost completely abrogated activity. Adding RNase 1:1 to HNP1 at the standard inoculum of 5x105 CFU/

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Díez-Aguilar, María, Laura Martínez-García, Rafael Cantón, and María Isabel Morosini. "Is a New Standard Needed for Diffusion Methods forIn VitroSusceptibility Testing of Fosfomycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa?" Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 2 (2015): 1158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02237-15.

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ABSTRACTWe analyzed fosfomycin susceptibility results inPseudomonas aeruginosaclinical isolates obtained by MIC gradient strips and disk diffusion methods using two different inocula, 108and 106CFU/ml, and compared them to the agar dilution reference method. Essential and categorical agreements were 93.6% and 95%, respectively, for the 106CFU/ml alternative inoculum, and they were 67.6% and 78.2%, respectively, for the standard inoculum (108CFU/ml). The use of the 106CFU/ml inoculum improves the agreement values and inhibition zone readings.

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Tacon, F. Le, G. Jung, J. Mugnier, P. Michelot, and C. Mauperin. "Efficiency in a forest nursery of an ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculum produced in a fermentor and entrapped in polymeric gels." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 9 (1985): 1664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-229.

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In a nursery in the centre of France, we have compared the effect of different forms of an ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculum (Hebeloma cylindrosporum) on growth and mycorrhizal development of Douglas-fir and Norway spruce after soil fumigation. Compared with inoculum produced on peat and vermiculite, the inoculum produced in a fermentor and entrapped in polymeric gels significantly improved Douglas-fir and Norway spruce seedling growth. The Hebeloma mycorrhizal index was not significantly different between the different forms of inocula. The superiority of the inoculum produced in the fermentor

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JACOBSEN, TOMAS, and ANETTE GRANLY KOCH. "Influence of Different Histories of the Inoculum on Lag Phase and Growth of Listeria monocytogenes in Meat Models." Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 3 (2006): 532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.3.532.

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of history of inoculum and preservatives on the lag phase and growth rate of Listeria monocytogenes strains in meat products packaged under modified atmosphere conditions. Inocula with different histories were added to meat models, and growth rate and lag phase of two strains of L. monocytogenes were measured at 5 and 10°C. The meat model stored at 10°C contained sodium lactate, but the model stored at 5°C did not. The five different histories of the inocula included cold propagation, biofilm formation, and starvation. The lag phase ranged from

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Bhagunde, Pratik, Kai-Tai Chang, Renu Singh, et al. "Mathematical Modeling To Characterize the Inoculum Effect." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 11 (2010): 4739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01831-09.

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ABSTRACT Killing by beta-lactams is well known to be reduced against a dense bacterial population, commonly known as the inoculum effect. However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is not well understood. We proposed a semimechanistic mathematical model to account for the reduced in vitro killing observed. Time-kill studies were performed with 4 baseline inocula (ranging from approximately 1 × 105 to 1 × 108 CFU/ml) of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (MIC, 2 mg/liter). Constant but escalating piperacillin concentrations used ranged from 0.25× to 256× MIC. Serial samples were taken over 2

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Scheper, R. W. A., B. M. Fisher, and P. N. Wood. "Pathogenicity of field and laboratorygrown inoculum of Neonectria galligena on potted apple trees." New Zealand Plant Protection 63 (August 1, 2010): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2010.63.6593.

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European canker caused by Neonectria galligena is an important disease of apple trees worldwide In this study methods were developed for conidium production in culture and for testing the pathogenicity of N galligena Conidia produced in culture were one or twocelled while conidia collected from cankers were multicelled Isolate ICMP9472 produced enough conidia in culture to produce inoculum (210 5 conidia/ml) to test the pathogenicity in comparison with that of conidia harvested from apple cankers from Motueka (field inoculum) and a twodayold suspension of conidia from Motueka apple cankers on

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Aprahamian, Amanda M., Megan E. Lulow, Matthew R. Major, Kathleen R. Balazs, Kathleen K. Treseder, and Mia R. Maltz. "Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation in coastal sage scrub restoration." Botany 94, no. 6 (2016): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2015-0226.

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We tested the hypothesis that field applications of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inocula would increase root colonization and plant performance in a coastal sage scrub (CSS) restoration project in Southern California. We applied commercial or native inocula (from nearby reference shrublands) as we seeded plots with native shrubs, forbs, and grasses. A control treatment was seeded but received no inocula. After 6 months, AM root colonization did not differ significantly among treatments. Likewise, neither inoculum type significantly altered shoot biomass of native shrubs and forbs at 6 months, o

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Geron, Luiz Juliano Valério, Luiz Eduardo Cantão Veloso, Sílvia Cristina de Aguiar, et al. "In vitro fermentation of the rations containing Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) using two types of inoculum." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 2 (2019): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n2p831.

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The effect of inclusion of Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) in standardized diets of sheep on in vitro digestibility and parameters fermentation was examined using two different inoculums (ruminal liquid and sheep feces). To determine the nutrients’ in vitro digestibility coefficient (IVDC), two sheep were used as inoculum donors. The experimental design was factorial (4 × 2), with four diets containing different proportions of Noni and two types of inoculum. The different dietary proportions of Noni (0%, 8%, 16%, and 24%) did not affect the IVDC of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude p

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Ábrego-García, Amaury, Gustavo Gerardo Medina-Mendoza, and Luis Alberto Miranda-Romero. "The Anti-Methanogenic Activity of Lovastatin in Batch Cultures Using Rumen Inoculum from Sheep, Goats, and Cows." Fermentation 10, no. 8 (2024): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080393.

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Enteric methanogenesis in ruminants is identified as one of the primary anthropogenic sources of total atmospheric methane. Recent evidence suggests that rumen methanogenesis is significantly suppressed by lovastatin. Nevertheless, it has not been reported whether the methane reduction by lovastatin depends on ruminant livestock type, nor has fiber degradability been examined. The current research aimed to analyze the in vitro effect of lovastatin on the major fermentation end-products, gas production (GP) kinetics, and fiber degradation of a forage-based diet using rumen inoculum from sheep,

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Fukasawa, Yu, Melanie Savoury, and Lynne Boddy. "Ecological memory and relocation decisions in fungal mycelial networks: responses to quantity and location of new resources." ISME Journal 14, no. 2 (2019): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0536-3.

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Abstract Saprotrophic cord-forming basidiomycetes, with their mycelial networks at the soil/litter interface on the forest floor, play a major role in wood decomposition and nutrient cycling/relocation. Many studies have investigated foraging behaviour of their mycelium, but there is little information on their intelligence. Here, we investigate the effects of relative size of inoculum wood and new wood resource (bait) on the decision of a mycelium to remain in, or migrate from, inoculum to bait using Phanerochaete velutina as a model. Experiments allowed mycelium to grow from an inoculum acro

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Frank, J. B., A. M. Petrovic, and K. W. Mudge. "Influence of Inoculum Placement Depth on Endomycorrhizal Fungal Infection and Perennial Ryegrass Shoot Growth." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, no. 2 (1987): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.2.282.

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Abstract Effects of several vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi on shoot growth and mycorrhizal development in ‘Citation’ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were studied as a function of inoculum placement depth. Soil columns were layered with inoculum at 0, 5, 10, or 20 cm prior to seeding. Three inocula were tested: 1) chopped roots and soil from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) plants previously infected with the VAM fungus Glomus macrocarpus Tul. and Tul. var. macrocarpus; 2) a mixed inoculum from plants infected with G. macrocarpus var. macrocarpus; G. mosseae (Nichol. and Gerd.)

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Moreno-Andrade, I., and G. Buitrón. "Influence of the origin of the inoculum on the anaerobic biodegradability test." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 1 (2004): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0017.

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Five different sources of inocula were studied to determine its influence on biodegradability tests. Inocula were characterized determining granulometry, specific methanogenic activity, solids content, and volumetric sludge index. Also, the fermentative, aceticlastic, hydrogenophilic, OPHA, and sulfate-reducing groups were determined by the most probable number technique. Anaerobic biodegradability tests were conducted with two different substrates, one easy to degrade (glucose) and a toxic one (phenol). The best performance, in terms of percent of biodegradation and lag time, for both substra

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Sulistia, Dana, Umrah Umrah, and I. Nengah Suwastika. "UJI BEBERAPA FORMULA INOKULUM TERHADAP PRODUKSI TUBUH BUAH JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kummer.)." Biocelebes 14, no. 1 (2020): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/bioceb.v14i1.15086.

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The study of test for several inoculum formulas on the production of white oyster mushroom body (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kummer.) conducted from April to September 2018 at Biotechnology laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University. This study were aimed to determine whether the treatment of the inoculum formula tested on the production medium can form the white oyster mushroom fruit body and to find out which inoculum formula can form the optimum fruit body in the production medium. This study was conducted by Randomized Complete Des

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Inderjit and K. M. M. Dakshini. "Allelopathic effect of cyanobacterial inoculum on soil characteristics and cereal growth." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 8 (1997): 1267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-841.

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Allelopathic effects of cyanobacterial inoculum on soil characteristics and cereal growth were investigated. Research established the alteration of chemical characteristics of the soils inoculated with different concentrations of cyanobacterial inoculum. Inoculated soils, compared with uninoculated soils, sometimes had significantly different values for chemical characteristics such as pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, organic N, total phenolics, and exchangeable cations such as Cu, Zn, Na, K, Mg, and Ca as the level of inoculum increased. Despite a significant increase in organic n

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Duque-Buitrago, Luisa-Fernanda, Karen-Dayana Calderón-Gaviria, Laura-Sofia Torres-Valenzuela, Martha-Isabel Sánchez-Tamayo, and José-Luis Plaza-Dorado. "Modulating Coffee Fermentation Quality Using Microbial Inoculums from Coffee By-Products for Sustainable Practices in Smallholder Coffee Production." Sustainability 17, no. 5 (2025): 1781. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17051781.

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This study developed an inoculum culture for semi-controlled coffee fermentation using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast, with coffee production by-products as carbon sources. The viability of the inoculum was optimized by using a mixture design to vary the proportions of coffee pulp (CP) and wastewater (CWW) in 0.25 increments; as a process variable, fermentation time ranged from 36 to 48 h for LAB and 12 to 36 h for yeast. Soluble solids (SS), pH, and titratable acidity (TA) were monitored, and the response variable was the variation in microbial viability. The optimized inoculums were us

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Cahyani, Vita Ratri, Dianing Wahyu Kinasih, Purwanto Purwanto, and Jauhari Syamsiyah. "Spore reproduction, glomalin content, and maize growth on mycorrhizal pot culture using acid mineral soil-based media." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 19, no. 1 (2022): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v19i1.59444.

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<p>Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is known as multifunctional fungi for plant helpers under adverse conditions. However, studies that focused on the production strategy of AM biofertilizers with specific targets related to the soil limitations are limited. This study aimed to examine AM inocula from several sources using various compositions of acid mineral soil-based media and maize hosts in pot cultures to obtain effective AM inocula to handle the phosphor (P) limitations in acid mineral soils. Zeolite and Inceptisols were used as comparing media. The study utilized a completely randomized

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ATHANASSOPOULOU (Φ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ), F., D. SPEARE, R. J. CAWTHORN, R. MacMILLAN, and B. DESPRES. "Development of an experimental model for Anophryoides haemophila (Scuticociliatida: Orchitophryidae), a parasite of american lobster Homerus americanus." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 54, no. 3 (2017): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15335.

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The principal lesions due to the ciliate Anophryoides haemophila in experimentally infected lobsters are observed in gills and connective tissue from the 9th week post-infection. These lesions were not related to the inoculum of parasites and were consistent in all inoculum studies (2,000, 10,000 and 500,000 ciliates per lobster) and were present in both euthanized and dead lobsters. The higher inocula resulted only in higher numbers of parasites observed in sections of gills and in the connective tissue of more organs, with no penetration to the parenchyma of any organ. Furthermore, the highe

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Sunil Kumar, Y. K. Yadav, and Yadvika. "Effect of Inoculum Concentration on Co-digestion of Kitchen Waste and Cattle Dung." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 52, no. 3 (2024): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2015523.1582.

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Anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste and cattle dung mixed in the ratio of 1:1 with different concentrations of inoculums viz. 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%, respectively, was carried out in 10 l capacity lab scale batch reactors. Maximum average biogas yield (10.05 l.kg-1 TS fed) was observed in reactor operated with 25% inoculum followed by reactor with 20% (9.77 l.kg-1 TS fed), reactor with 15% (9.35 l.kg-1 TS fed) and reactor with 10% (9.27 l.kg-1 TS fed) inoculums. Maximum increase in N (18.49%), P (17.64%) and K (19.41%) was also observed in digested slurry of the reactor operated with 25% in

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Vinhas Itavo, Luis Carlos, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo, Cacilda Borges do Valle, et al. "Digestibilidad in vitro de gramíneas Brachiaria con líquido ruminal bovino y ovino como inóculo." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 12, no. 4 (2022): 1045–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12i4.5294.

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It was hypothesized that it is possible that inoculum from different ruminant species with different digestive abilities feeding from a certain forage may show different feed utilizations comparing to other ruminant species. Five Brachiaria grasses were evaluated: B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, B. decumbens access D70, B. humidicola cv. Tupi, B. humidicola cv. Common, and B. ruziziensis access R124, at two regrowth ages (21 and 42 d). Production, bromatological content, in vitro dry matter digestibility (ivDMD) and in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility (ivNDFD) were analyzed using bovine

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Lee, Hee Ji, Phillip J. Bergen, Jurgen B. Bulitta, et al. "Synergistic Activity of Colistin and Rifampin Combination against Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in anIn VitroPharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 8 (2013): 3738–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00703-13.

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ABSTRACTCombination therapy may be required for multidrug-resistant (MDR)Acinetobacter baumannii. This study systematically investigated bacterial killing and emergence of colistin resistance with colistin and rifampin combinations against MDRA. baumannii. Studies were conducted over 72 h in anin vitropharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) model at inocula of ∼106and ∼108CFU/ml using two MDR clinical isolates ofA. baumannii, FADDI-AB030 (colistin susceptible) and FADDI-AB156 (colistin resistant). Three combination regimens achieving clinically relevant concentrations (constant colistin conc

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Maglio, Dana, Christine Ong, Mary Anne Banevicius, Qiuming Geng, Charles H. Nightingale, and David P. Nicolau. "Determination of the In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Profile of Cefepime against Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli at Various Inocula." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 6 (2004): 1941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.6.1941-1947.2004.

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ABSTRACT Cefepime was evaluated in vivo against two inoculum sizes of four strains of Escherichia coli that produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in a murine neutropenic thigh infection model to characterize the pharmacodynamic activity of cefepime in the presence of ESBL-producing bacteria and to evaluate if differences in lengths of cefepime exposure are required with various inocula. Three strains possessed a single enzyme each: TEM-10, TEM-12, and TEM-26. The fourth strain possessed two TEM-derived ESBLs and a third uncharacterized enzyme. Two non-ESBL-producing E. coli strain

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Schroeter-Zakrzewska, Anita, Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka, and Klaudia Borowiak. "Influence of the light color and microbiological inoculums on the zonal pelargonium quality and microbiological and enzymatic state of the substrate." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 18, no. 4 (2019): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.4.16.

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Two inoculums: Effective Microorganisms (EM) specimen available on the market and microbiological BAF1 inoculum, were applied in the experiment. The plants were cultivated in the growth chamber equipped with shelves with fluorescent or LED lamps. The highest number of inflorescences was under the influence of white color of light emitted by fluorescent lamps and blue color of light emitted by LED lamps, especially after application of BAF1 inoculum. Irrespective of microbiological inoculum, no significant effect of the color of light and type of lamps on such traits as height of leaves layer,

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Bencherif, Karima, Frédéric Laruelle, Yolande Dalpé, and Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui. "Inoculum Sources Modulate Mycorrhizal Inoculation Effect on Tamarix articulata Development and Its Associated Rhizosphere Microbiota." Plants 10, no. 12 (2021): 2716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122716.

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(1) Background: Soil degradation is an increasingly important problem in many parts of the world, particularly in arid and semiarid areas. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) isolated from arid soils are recognized to be better adapted to these edaphoclimatic conditions than exogenous ones. Nevertheless, little is known about the importance of AMF inoculum sources on Tamarix articulata development in natural saline soils. Therefore, the current study aims at investigating the efficiency of two AMF-mixed inoculums on T. articulata growth, with consideration of its rhizosphere microbiota. (2) Met

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Chao, M. R., and C. Y. Chen. "Effects of inoculum's mean cell volume on algal toxicity tests." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 7-8 (2000): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0581.

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The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of the mean cell volume (MCV) of algal inoculum to the sensitivity and reproducibility of the toxicity test. Two sets of experiments were conducted using inoculums with the MCV equal to 60 μm3/cell and 40 μm3/cell, respectively. The initial cell densities, however, were kept the same at 10,000 cells/mL. The results show that larger MCV of the inoculum results in greater EC50 values. Similar observations and conclusions were obtained from comparisons based on NOEC values. Thus, MCV of the inoculum significantly influences the observed toxic

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D, Darwin, Ami Muliawati, and Ramayanty Bulan. "Performance of Mixed-Microbial Culture from Civet Fecal Suspensions on Physicochemical Composition of Wet Fermented Arabica Coffee." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 10, no. 3 (2022): 918–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.10.3.9.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mixed microbial culture from civet fecal suspension used as the inoculum for the fermentation of Arabica coffee. The type of Arabica coffee used for the research was the unpeeled coffee or the Arabica coffee cherries. Different proportion of inoculum introduced was thoroughly evaluated to assess the appropriate concentration of inoculum (0-40% inoculums represented in treatment 0-4 or T0 to T4) that would be applied to the fermentation of Arabica coffee cherries. Results revealed that treatment 4 (T4) containing 40% of the inoculum could degrade the

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