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1

Chujo, Yoshiki, and Ryo Tamaki. "New Preparation Methods for Organic–Inorganic Polymer Hybrids." MRS Bulletin 26, no. 5 (May 2001): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2001.92.

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Nano-ordered composite materials consisting of organic polymers and inorganic compounds have been attracting attention for their use in creating high-performance or high-functionality polymeric materials. The term “polymer hybrid” describes blends of organic and inorganic components with molecular-level dispersions.
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2

Oleshkevich, Elena, Isabel Romero, Francesc Teixidor, and Clara Viñas. "All inorganic coordination polymers have been made possible with them-carboranylphosphinate ligand." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 41 (2018): 14785–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt03264e.

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All inorganic coordination polymers (CPs) of MnII, CdIIand ZnIIhave been achieved by using purely inorganicm-carboranylphosphinate ligands as a versatile building block bridging each of the two metal centres. The first described CdIIpolymer with phosphinate ligands is reported in this work.
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3

Juneja, H. D., Manisha Joshi, and N. T. KhatiI. "Synthesis and Structural Studies of Some Inorganic Polymers of Succinoyl Carboxymethyl Cellulose." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 4 (2011): 1993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/369492.

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The inorganic polymers containing transition metals such as Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were synthesized by using succinoyl carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) in aqueous media. The newly synthesized polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, TG analysis, UV reflectance spectra and magnetic moment. On the basis of these studies, the composition of the polymeric unit was found to be [M(II)L]n, [Mʼ(II)L.2H2O]n, {[Mˮ(II)L.2H2O]n H2O}, where M= Zn(II), Mʼ = Mn(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) and Mˮ = Co(II), L = SCMC ligand. On the basis of instrumental techniques, it has been found that the [Zn(II)(SCMC)]n inorganic polymer has tetrahedral geometry, whereas {[Cu(II)(SCMC)].2H2O}n has square planar geometry and [Mn(II)(SCMC).2H2O]n, {[Co(II)(SCMC).2H2O)].H2O}n and [Ni(II) (SCMC).2H2O]n have octahedral geometry. The decomposition temperatures of the inorganic polymers have been determined by TGA. The TGA reveal that the Mn(II) polymer of SCMC is highly thermally stable than rest of the polymers and these polymers can be used as thermal resisting materials.
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4

PRASAD, P. N. "POLYMERS FOR PHOTONICS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 03, no. 04 (October 1994): 531–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199194000316.

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Polymers have emerged as an important class of materials for applications in photon-ics. In this review, a brief background is presented on photonics and nonlinear optical processes, the latter providing many of the operational functions for the photonics technology. Nonlinear optical processes in polymeric materials are discussed along with the needed structural requirements. The three types of nonlinear polymeric systems discussed are: (i) χ(2) materials; (ii) χ(3) materials and (iii) photorefractive polymers. The photorefractive polymeric systems utilize the combined action of photoconductivity and nonlinear optical effect. New developments using sol-gel processed inorganic glass: polymer composites for nonlinear optics are discussed.
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5

KAJIWARA, Meisetsu. "Inorganic Polymers." Kobunshi 52, no. 2 (2003): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.52.79.

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6

Kuroda, Kazuyuki. "Inorganic polymers." Kobunshi 39, no. 10 (1990): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.39.760.

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7

Eaborn, Colin. "Inorganic polymers." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 427, no. 2 (April 1992): C19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(92)83093-w.

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8

Khayal, Areeba. "A NOVEL ROUTE FOR THE FORMATION OF GAS SENSORS." International journal of multidisciplinary advanced scientific research and innovation 1, no. 6 (August 16, 2021): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.53633/ijmasri.2021.1.6.04.

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The rapid development of conductive polymers shows great potential in temperature chemical gas detection as their electrical conductivity is often changed upon spotlight to oxidative or reductive gas molecules at room temperature. However, the relatively low conductivity and high affinity toward volatile organic compounds and water molecules always exhibit low sensitivity, poor stability and gas selectivity, which hinder their practical gas sensor applications. In addition, inorganic sensitive materials show totally different advantages in gas sensors like high sensitivity, fast response to low concentration analytes, high area and versatile surface chemistry, which could harmonize the conducting polymers in terms of the sensing individuality. It seems to be a good option to combine inorganic sensitive materials with polymers for gas detection for the synergistic effects which has attracted extensive interests in gas sensing applications. In this appraisal the recapitulation of recent development in polymer inorganic nanocomposites-based gas sensors. The roles of inorganic nanomaterials in improving the gas sensing performances of conducting polymers are introduced and therefore the progress of conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites including metal oxides, metal, carbon (carbon nanotube, graphene) and ternary composites are obtainable. Finally, conclusion and perspective within the field of gas sensors incorporating conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites are summarized. Keywords: Gas sensor, conducting polymer, polymer-inorganic nanocomposites; conducting organic polymers nanostructure, synergistic effect, polypyrrole (PPY), polyaniline (PANI).
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9

Ponou, Josiane, Tomohito Ide, Akiko Suzuki, Hideyuki Tsuji, Li Pang Wang, Gjergj Dodbiba, and Toyohisa Fujita. "Evaluation of the flocculation and de-flocculation performance and mechanism of polymer flocculants." Water Science and Technology 69, no. 6 (January 2, 2014): 1249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.004.

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Understanding the interaction mechanism between polymeric flocculants and solid particles in two oppositely charged solutions: bentonite and calcium fluoride, is of great practical and fundamental importance. In this work, inorganic flocculants based on aluminum(III) or iron(III); cationic, anionic and non-ionic organic flocculants were used. The solution pH, which highly influenced the flocculation performance of the system, has been used as a function of turbidity removal, sediment volume and velocity. Results show that the flocculation of inorganic polymers does not depend on the zeta potential but on the solution pH, contrary for cationic and anionic polymers. Non-ionic polymer was independent on both. By varying the final pH of the heterogeneous solution formed of flocs-liquid, it was found for inorganic polymers, the optimum condition of pH < 3 to separate inorganic flocculant particles from flocs. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer and X-ray fluorescence analysis proved the reversibility of flocculation process by indicating the concentration of flocculant representative atom (Al or Fe) in the flocs and in the emerging solutions when the flocculation was optimized and the reversibility was effective. As results, weak forces were suggested as responsible for inorganic polymers flocculation where electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds may enroll the mechanism of organic flocculants.
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10

Guglielmi, M., G. Brusatin, G. Facchin, and M. Gleria. "Hybrid materials based on the reaction of polyorganophosphazenes and SiO2 precursors." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 8 (August 1996): 2029–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0255.

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New molecular composite materials can be prepared based on an inorganic oxide network and an organic polymer. The polymeric component generally requires low process temperatures, due to the presence of the organic backbone or side groups. A sol-gel process therefore is suitable for synthesizing the inorganic component by dissolving soluble polymers into sol-gel precursor solutions in order to obtain ceramic and polymeric solid phases. In this work polyorganophosphazenes were used because they have many technologically interesting properties (chemical, optical, electrical, mechanical). The methods to obtain covalent bonds between polymer and inorganic network and to obtain homogeneous, transparent hybrid materials without phase separation were studied. It was possible to avoid phase separation by preparing phosphazenes containing free hydroxyl functions and by adequately choosing the experimental conditions.
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11

Keshvardoostchokami, Mina, Sara Seidelin Majidi, Peipei Huo, Rajan Ramachandran, Menglin Chen, and Bo Liu. "Electrospun Nanofibers of Natural and Synthetic Polymers as Artificial Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Engineering." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010021.

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Many types of polymer nanofibers have been introduced as artificial extracellular matrices. Their controllable properties, such as wettability, surface charge, transparency, elasticity, porosity and surface to volume proportion, have attracted much attention. Moreover, functionalizing polymers with other bioactive components could enable the engineering of microenvironments to host cells for regenerative medical applications. In the current brief review, we focus on the most recently cited electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffolds and divide them into five main categories: natural polymer-natural polymer composite, natural polymer-synthetic polymer composite, synthetic polymer-synthetic polymer composite, crosslinked polymers and reinforced polymers with inorganic materials. Then, we focus on their physiochemical, biological and mechanical features and discussed the capability and efficiency of the nanofibrous scaffolds to function as the extracellular matrix to support cellular function.
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12

Zentel, Rudolf. "Polymer Coated Semiconducting Nanoparticles for Hybrid Materials." Inorganics 8, no. 3 (March 11, 2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8030020.

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This paper reviews synthetic concepts for the functionalization of various inorganic nanoparticles with a shell consisting of organic polymers and possible applications of the resulting hybrid materials. A polymer coating can make inorganic nanoparticles soluble in many solvents as individual particles and not only do low molar mass solvents become suitable, but also polymers as a solid matrix. In the case of shape anisotropic particles (e.g., rods) a spontaneous self-organization (parallel orientation) of the nanoparticles can be achieved, because of the formation of lyotropic liquid crystalline phases. They offer the possibility to orient the shape of anisotropic nanoparticles macroscopically in external electric fields. At least, such hybrid materials allow semiconducting inorganic nanoparticles to be dispersed in functional polymer matrices, like films of semiconducting polymers. Thereby, the inorganic nanoparticles can be electrically connected and addressed by the polymer matrix. This allows LEDs to be prepared with highly fluorescent inorganic nanoparticles (quantum dots) as chromophores. Recent works have aimed to further improve these fascinating light emitting materials.
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13

Caminade, Anne-Marie, Evamarie Hey-Hawkins, and Ian Manners. "Smart Inorganic Polymers." Chemical Society Reviews 45, no. 19 (2016): 5144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cs90086k.

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14

Allcock, Harry R. "Inorganic?Organic Polymers." Advanced Materials 6, no. 2 (February 1994): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19940060203.

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15

Segal-Peretz, Tamar. "(Invited) ALD-Based Infiltration and Growth of Inorganic Materials in Polymers." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 31 (October 9, 2022): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02311158mtgabs.

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Sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) has emerged in the past decade as a powerful technique for growth of inorganic materials within polymers through atomic layer deposition (ALD) chemistry. In SIS, ALD precursors diffuse into the polymer and interact with it, leading to inorganic materials growth within the polymer’s free volume. If desired, the polymer can later be removed, yielding polymer-templated inorganic structures. Combining SIS with self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) patterns results in selective growth of inorganic materials within the polar domains of the BCP, making it an attractive method for directed templating of inorganic nanostructures. Thus, SIS opens a pathway for exploiting ALD precision and rich materials library in new 3D morphologies, defined by the polymer. To build SIS design rules and expand SIS’ possibilities, we probed SIS growth and evolution at the atomic scale and explored the role of reversible polymer-precursor interactions in SIS growth through a plethora of methods: in-situ growth analysis (microgravimetry and FTIR), ex-situ high-resolution electron microscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This knowledge was then applied in fabrication by design of metal oxide fibers, porous particles, and membranes. We fabricated Al2O3 and ZnO nanofibers, nanobelts, and core-shell fibers using designed growth profiles within electrospun polymer fibers. By controlling the organometallic precursors’ diffusion time, simultaneous but spatially controlled growth of Al2O3 and ZnO within the fibers was achieved, leading to the formation of metal oxide core-shell fibers. Self-assembled BCP particles were used to template porous metal oxide particles by selective growth of Al2O3 in the major block of the self-assembled structure. The uniform BCP assembly led to uniporous pores in the metal oxide particles. Finally, we utilized SIS and ALD within and onto BCP membranes for exceptional pore size control and pores’ surface engineering, yielding highly selective filtration membranes.
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16

You, Chun Zi, Xiao Chun Fan, Di Wu, and Li Ping Pu. "Experimental Research on Temperature-Stress of Inorganic Polymer Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2795.

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The inorganic polymer concrete is a new environmentally material. Using the temperature - stress test machine to research its early cracking sensitivity, and compare it with the normal concrete. The deformation development process of inorganic polymer concrete consists three stages:early contraction, expansion, contraction to cracking; cracking temperature can effectively evaluate the overall cracking performance of concrete; the cracking temperature of inorganic polymer concrete is 14.2 °C, the normal concrete is 14.4 °C; the inorganic polymer concretes cracking stress is 2.658MPa, the normal concrete is 0.582MPa. The results show the inorganic polymers cracking performance is better than the normal concrete.
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17

Barbosa, Hélder M. C., and Marta M. D. Ramos. "Computer Simulation of Hole Distribution in Polymeric Materials." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.711.

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Polymers have been known for their flexibility and easy processing into coatings and films, which made them suitable to be applied in a variety of areas and in particular the growing area of organic electronics. The electronic properties of semiconducting polymers made them a serious rival in areas where until now inorganic materials were the most used, such as light emitting diodes or solar cells. Typical polymers can be seen as a network of molecular strands of varied lengths and orientations, with a random distribution of physical and chemical defects which makes them an anisotropic material. To further increase their performance, a better understanding of all aspects related to charge transport and space charge distribution in polymeric materials is required. The process associated with charge transport depends on the properties of the polymer molecules as well as connectivity and texture, and so we adopt a mesoscopic approach to build polymer structures. Changing the potential barrier for charge injection we can introduce holes in the polymer network and, by using a generalised Monte-Carlo method, we can simulate the transport of the injected charge through the polymer layer caused by imposing a voltage between two planar electrodes. Our results show that the way that holes distribute within polymer layer and charge localization in these materials is quite different from the inorganic ones.
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18

Bolto, Brian A., David R. Dixon, Stephen R. Gray, Chee Ha, Peter J. Harbour, Ngoc Le, and Antony J. Ware. "The use of soluble organic polymers in waste treatment." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 9 (November 1, 1996): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0191.

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Organic polymeric flocculants have been used in water purification for several decades as coagulant aids or floc builders, after the addition of inorganic coagulants like alum, iron salts or lime. The increased use of cationic polyelectrolytes as primary coagulants instead of inorganic salts, which has occurred in recent times, arises from their significant inherent advantages. The main ones are faster processing, a lower content of insoluble solids to handle, whether by sedimentation, filtration, flotation or in biological conversion, and a much smaller sludge volume. Polymers have often been used in chemically assisted sedimentation of sewage solids to enhance the removal of suspended matter. The concept is applicable as well to the primary coagulation of industrial wastewaters where the separation may be based on flotation, as in examples from the leather, steel, wool scouring, cosmetic, detergent, plastics, dyehouse, paper, food processing and brewing industries. A cationic polymer of particular charge density is optimal, and hydrophobically modified polymers have relevance in the case of oil and grease removal. The burden of solids which must be floated is much reduced relative to systems utilising inorganic coagulants, and the dosage of chemicals overall is lower. In some cases the addition of some inorganic coagulant is unavoidable, as in the case of highly coloured effluents; in others, an anionic surfactant is needed to facilitate flotation.
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19

Trajkovska, Anka. "Inorganic dopants in polymer cholesteric liquid crystals." Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 34, no. 2 (November 12, 2015): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.20450/mjcce.2015.629.

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<p>A variety of dopants are used for different types of polymers to change their properties. Inorganic dopants are usually used to change the dielectric properties of the polymers. These compositions find different applications especially in electronic systems due to ease of polymer processing, increased functionality and low cost of novel materials that are with relatively high dielectric constant compared to the base polymer material.</p><p>In this study, polymer cholesteric liquid crystal (PCLC) is used as a host material that is doped by different inorganic dopants, BaTiO<sub>3</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub>, all of them affected the dielectric constant of the polymer matrix. This is important from the fact that doped PCLC can be used for a variety of electro-optical applications, e.g. display applications and low energy consuming e-book application. The behaviour of inorganic dopants in PCLC is calculated by various existing mixing models; the best fit is observed by use of logarithmic equation.</p>
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20

Kirmayer, Saar, Eyal Aharon, Ekaterina Dovgolevsky, Michael Kalina, and Gitti L. Frey. "Self-assembled lamellar MoS 2 , SnS 2 and SiO 2 semiconducting polymer nanocomposites." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 365, no. 1855 (April 12, 2007): 1489–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2028.

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Lamellar nanocomposites based on semiconducting polymers incorporated into layered inorganic matrices are prepared by the co-assembly of organic and inorganic precursors. Semiconducting polymer-incorporated silica is prepared by introducing the semiconducting polymers into a tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water homogeneous sol solution containing silica precursor species and a surface-active agent. Semiconducting polymer-incorporated MoS 2 and SnS 2 are prepared by Li intercalation into the inorganic compound, exfoliation and restack in the presence of the semiconducting polymer. All lamellar nanocomposite films are organized in domains aligned parallel to the substrate surface plane. The incorporated polymers maintain their semiconducting properties, as evident from their optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra. The optoelectronic properties of the nanocomposites depend on the properties of both the inorganic host and the incorporated guest polymer as demonstrated by integrating the nanocomposite films into light-emitting diodes. Devices based on polymer-incorporated silica and polymer-incorporated MoS 2 show no diode behaviour and no light emission due to the insulating and metallic properties of the silica and MoS 2 hosts. In contrast, diode performance and electroluminescence are obtained from devices based on semiconducting polymer-incorporated semiconducting SnS 2 , demonstrating that judicious selection of the composite components in combination with the optimization of material synthesis conditions allows new hierarchical structures to be tailored for electronic and optoelectronic applications.
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21

Díez-Pascual, Ana M. "Inorganic-Nanoparticle Modified Polymers." Polymers 14, no. 10 (May 12, 2022): 1979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14101979.

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22

Rivard, Eric. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 108 (2012): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ic90001g.

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23

Gates, Derek P. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 102 (2006): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b508266h.

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24

Gates, Derek P. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 105 (2009): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b818284c.

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25

Benmalek, M., and H. M. Dunlop. "Inorganic coatings on polymers." Surface and Coatings Technology 76-77 (December 1995): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(95)02601-0.

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26

Benmalek, M. "Inorganic coatings on polymers." Surface and Coatings Technology 76-77 (December 1995): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/02578-9729(50)26010-.

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27

Saegusa, T. "Organic-inorganic polymers hybrids." Pure and Applied Chemistry 67, no. 12 (January 1, 1995): 1965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199567121965.

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28

Rivard, Eric. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 106 (2010): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b918405h.

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29

Noonan, Kevin J. T., and Derek P. Gates. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 103 (2007): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b612872f.

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30

Noonan, Kevin J. T., and Derek P. Gates. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 104 (2008): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b716557a.

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31

Kato, Fumitoshi, and David A. Rider. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 109 (2013): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ic90026f.

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32

Rivard, Eric. "Inorganic and organometallic polymers." Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 107 (2011): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1ic90002a.

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33

Rehahn, M. "Organic/inorganic hybrid polymers." Acta Polymerica 49, no. 5 (May 1998): 201–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4044(199805)49:5<201::aid-apol201>3.0.co;2-0.

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34

Smith, J. D. "Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 373, no. 3 (September 1989): c31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(89)85071-5.

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35

Lazar, Thomas. "Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 207, no. 10 (May 19, 2006): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.200600113.

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36

Rajagopalan, Kartik Kumar, Parvin Karimineghlani, Xiuzhu Zhu, Patrick J. Shamberger, and Svetlana A. Sukhishvili. "Polymers in molten inorganic salt hydrate phase change materials: solubility and gelation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 46 (2021): 25892–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta07842a.

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37

Korniejenko, K., B. Tyliszczak, M. Łach, J. Mikuła, M. Hebdowska-Krupa, and D. Mierzwiński. "Organic Polymers Reinforced Inorganic Polymers - An Overview." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 416 (October 26, 2018): 012090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/416/1/012090.

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38

Asim Mushtaq, Asim Mushtaq, and Hilmi Mukhtar and Azmi Mohd Shariff Hilmi Mukhtar and Azmi Mohd Shariff. "Recent Development of Enhanced Polymeric Blend Membranes in Gas Separation: A Review." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 42, no. 2 (2020): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000635.

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Natural gas is the most rapid growing energy sources around the world. The presence of CO2 in natural gas lowers its calorific value and purification of a natural gas by removing CO2 is an essential process to increase its value. Several separation technologies are used to remove acidic gases like H2S and CO2 from natural gas. Among these technologies, membrane process is a feasible energy saving alternate to CO2 capture. The three types of membrane include polymeric, inorganic and mixed matrix membranes. Currently, polymer membranes and inorganic membranes were considered for gas separation, but inorganic membranes are too costly. Even mixed matrix membrane performance suffered defects caused by poor glassy polymer and particle interactions. Pure glassy and pure rubbery are problematic due to their instructive properties. The blending of glassy with rubbery polymers improve membrane properties for gas separation. To enhance the compatibility of the polymer blend, a third component is added such as alkanol amines. Although, the enhanced polymeric blend membranes have many advantages in terms of permeance, selectivity, thermal and chemical stability. Polymer blending also offers an effective technique to synthesize membranes with desirable properties.
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Asim Mushtaq, Asim Mushtaq, and Hilmi Mukhtar and Azmi Mohd Shariff Hilmi Mukhtar and Azmi Mohd Shariff. "Recent Development of Enhanced Polymeric Blend Membranes in Gas Separation: A Review." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 42, no. 2 (2020): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000635/jcsp/42.02.2020.

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Natural gas is the most rapid growing energy sources around the world. The presence of CO2 in natural gas lowers its calorific value and purification of a natural gas by removing CO2 is an essential process to increase its value. Several separation technologies are used to remove acidic gases like H2S and CO2 from natural gas. Among these technologies, membrane process is a feasible energy saving alternate to CO2 capture. The three types of membrane include polymeric, inorganic and mixed matrix membranes. Currently, polymer membranes and inorganic membranes were considered for gas separation, but inorganic membranes are too costly. Even mixed matrix membrane performance suffered defects caused by poor glassy polymer and particle interactions. Pure glassy and pure rubbery are problematic due to their instructive properties. The blending of glassy with rubbery polymers improve membrane properties for gas separation. To enhance the compatibility of the polymer blend, a third component is added such as alkanol amines. Although, the enhanced polymeric blend membranes have many advantages in terms of permeance, selectivity, thermal and chemical stability. Polymer blending also offers an effective technique to synthesize membranes with desirable properties.
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40

Fallah, Mahroo, Kenneth J. D. MacKenzie, John V. Hanna, and Samuel J. Page. "Novel photoactive inorganic polymer composites of inorganic polymers with copper(I) oxide nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science 50, no. 22 (July 29, 2015): 7374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9295-3.

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41

Rajan, Jose, Panikar Sathyaseelan Archana, Anh Le Viet, Qiao Liang Bao, Kian Ping Loh, Mashitah Muhammad Yusoff, Gopinathan Nair M. Anil Kumar, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "Functional Films of Polymer-Nanocomposites by Electrospinning for Advanced Electronics, Clean Energy Conversion, and Storage." Advanced Materials Research 545 (July 2012): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.545.21.

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An approach for making functional films of polymer – nanocomposites under the framework of nanotechnology is presented. In this methodology, nanowires of an inorganic functional material are dispersed in a functional polymeric medium and the resultant solution is developed into solid films by electrospinning technique. The final structure is a nanofibrous film – each nanofiber contains a percolating network of inorganic nanowires. The nanowires reduce the percolation threshold compared to those nanoparticles and maintain the flexibility and/or light weight of the polymers and nanomaterials. This methodology has been tested for a number of material architectures for electronic and energy devices.
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Upadhyay, Anjali, and Subramanian Karpagam. "Movement of new direction from conjugated polymer to semiconductor composite polymer nanofiber." Reviews in Chemical Engineering 35, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 351–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revce-2017-0024.

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Abstract In the past few years, there was a tremendous growth in conjugated polymer nanofibers via design of novel conjugated polymers with inorganic materials. Synthetic routes to these conjugated polymers involve new, mild polymerization techniques, which enable the formation of well-defined polymer architectures. This review provides interest in the development of novel (semi) conducting polymers, which combine both organic and inorganic blocks in one framework. Due to their ability to act as chemosensors or to detect various chemical species in environmental and biological systems, fluorescent conjugated polymers have gained great interest. Nanofibers of metal oxides and sulfides are particularly interesting in both their way of applications and fundamental research. These conjugated nanofibers operated for many applications in organic electronics, optoelectronics, and sensors. Synthesis of electrospun fibers by electrospinning technique discussed in this review is a simple method that forms conjugated polymer nanofibers. This review provides the basics of the technique and its recent advances in the formation of highly conducting and high-mobility polymer fibers towards their adoption in electronic application.
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43

Le Manh, Cuong, Nguyet Tran Thi Minh, Lan Anh Luu Thi, Khanh Bui Xuan, and Than Nguyen Hoang. "Synthesis of inorganic polymer sodium aluminum silicate system based on sodium silicate and application as film forming agent for silicate paint." Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption 11, no. 4 (November 5, 2022): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/jca.2022.062.

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In this study, sodium aluminum silicate inorganic polymer was synthesized by sol-gel method. The parameters affecting the polymer formation were also investigated. Polymers with optimal parameters have been applied to make high temperature resistant inorganic paints. Modified infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods were used to investigate the characteristics of the paint film. Furthermore, the mechanical and mechanical properties of heat-resistant inorganic paints and their heat resistance were also investigated.
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44

Ren, Wurong, Jayakumar Perumal, Jun Wang, Hao Wang, Siddharth Sharma, and Dong-Pyo Kim. "Whole ceramic-like microreactors from inorganic polymers for high temperature or/and high pressure chemical syntheses." Lab Chip 14, no. 4 (2014): 779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3lc51191j.

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45

Zhang, Yanna, Yao Wang, Hao Li, Xuezhong Gong, Jixian Liu, Linjun Huang, Wei Wang, et al. "Fluorescent SiO2@Tb3+(PET-TEG)3Phen Hybrids as Nucleating Additive for Enhancement of Crystallinity of PET." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030568.

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A hybrid polymer of SiO2@Tb3+(poly(ethylene terephthalate)-tetraglycol)3 phenanthroline (SiO2@Tb3+(PET–TEG)3Phen) was synthesized by mixing of inorganic SiO2 nanoparticles with polymeric segments of PET–TEG, whereas PET–TEG was achieved through multi-step functionalization strategy. Tb3+ ions and β-diketonate ligand Phen were added in resulting material. The experimental results demonstrated that it was well blended with PET as a robust additive, and not only promoted the crystallinity, but also possessed excellent luminescence properties. An investigation of the mechanism revealed that the SiO2 nanoparticles functioned as a crystallization promotor; the Tb3+ acted as the fluorescent centre; and the PET–TEG segments played the role of linker and buffer, providing better compatibility of PET matrix with the inorganic component. This work demonstrated that hybrid polymers are appealing as multifunctional additives in the polymer processing and polymer luminescence field.
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46

Deb, S. "Polymers in dentistry." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 212, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954411981534213.

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There is a wide choice of materials available for restorative dentistry covering a range of requirements. Fundamental knowledge about the properties of the polymers in use in dentistry is an advantage as it provides information relevant to clinical practice. Dentistry, perhaps, has the unique distinction of using the widest variety of materials, ranging from polymers, metal and metal alloys, ceramics, inorganic salts and composite materials. In the present paper, polymers and polymer composites used directly or indirectly for restorations, prostheses or for production of appliances in dentistry is discussed.
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47

Arici, Elif, Dieter Meissner, F. Schäffler, and N. Serdar Sariciftci. "Core/shell nanomaterials in photovoltaics." International Journal of Photoenergy 5, no. 4 (2003): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1110662x03000333.

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Hybrid materials consist of inorganic nanoparticles embedded in polymer matrices. An advantage of these materials is to combine the unique properties of one or more kinds of inorganic nanoparticles with the film forming properties of polymers. Most of the polymers can be processed from solution at room temperature enabling the manufacturing of large area, flexible and light weight devices. To exploit the full potential for the technological applications of the nanocrystalline materials, it is very important to endow them with good processing attributes. The surface of the inorganic cluster can be modified during the synthesis by organic surfactants. The surfactant can alter the dispersion characteristic of the particles by initiating attractive forces with the polymer chains, in which the particles should be homogenously arranged. In this review, we present wet chemical methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles, which have been used as photovoltaic materials in polymer blends. The photovoltaic performance of various inorganic/organic hybrid solar cells, prepared via spin-coating will be the focus of this contribution.
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Wong, Kim K. W., Brian J. Brisdon, Brigid R. Heywood, Annabelle G. W. Hodson, and Stephen Mann. "Polymer-mediated crystallisation of inorganic solids: calcite nucleation on the surfaces of inorganic polymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry 4, no. 9 (1994): 1387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/jm9940401387.

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Volianiuk, Kateryna, Nataliya Mitina, Nataliya Kinash, Khrystyna Harhay, Larysa Dolynska, Zoriana Nadashkevich, Orest Hevus, and Alexander Zaichenko. "Telechelic Oligo(N-Vinylpyrolydone)swith Cumene Based Terminal Groups for Block-Copolymer and Nanoparticle Obtaining." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 16, no. 1 (February 20, 2022): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht16.01.034.

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Polymers with terminal epoxy, phosphate, fluoroalkyl groups were obtained by radical polymerization in the presence of chain transfer agents derived from isopropylbenzene. The structure of polymers was confirmed by NMR spectra and functional analysis. Polymers with functional fragment were used for synthesis of polymer-inorganic particles and copolymers with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) fragment.
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Zhang, Huacheng. "Functional Polymeric Systems for Advanced Industrial Applications." Polymers 15, no. 5 (March 2, 2023): 1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15051277.

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Functional polymeric systems constitute a huge family of novel hierarchical architectures categorized by different polymeric shapes, such as linear, brush-like, star-like, dendrimer-like and network-like ones; various components, such as organic–inorganic hybrid oligomeric/polymeric materials and metal-ligated polymers; different features, such as porous polymers; and diverse approaching strategies and driving forces, such as conjugated/supramolecular/mechanical force-based polymers and self-assembled networks [...]
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