Relevant bibliographies by topics / Inorganic soil pollutants

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Inorganic soil pollutants'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Inorganic soil pollutants"

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Biró, B., M. Domonkos, and E. Kiss. "Catabolic FDA microbial activity as site-dependent monitoring tool in soils of an industrial town." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 3, no. 1 (2012): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/irase.3.2012.1.5.

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Abstract The degree of soil pollutants in the Dunaújváros area has been monitored regularly at 10 sampling points of the town from the upper 0–20 cm and lower 20–40 cm layers of the soils. The quantity of some organic (PAH, TPH) and inorganic (toxic metal) pollutants were determined by GC-MS and ICP analyzation. Microbial status, such as the total cultivable bacteria (CFU) and total catabolic enzyme activity, measured by fluorescein diacetate analysis (FDA) were also estimated. The area of the industrial town could be divided into more and less contaminated regions, although the measured pollutants were far below the estimated permissible limits. However, at some of the more polluted soils even triple amounts of contaminants could be measured compared to the lesscontaminated sites. Among inorganics the Zn microelement reached the highest levels (average is about 100 mg·kg−1 soil), which could be related to the heavy industrial activity. A positive correlation appeared among the organic and inorganic pollutants and also between the pollutants and the measured enzymatic values. The enhanced FDA activity was found at the most contaminated sites preceding the potential “loss of function” on a long-term basis. The fast and reliable microbial parameter could be suggested as further regular monitoring tool.
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Makovníková, J., G. Barančíková, and B. Pálka. "Approach to the assessment of transport risk of inorganic pollutants based on the immobilisation capability of soil." Plant, Soil and Environment 53, No. 8 (2008): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2215-pse.

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The objective of this paper is to elaborate a system of evaluation of potential risks of transport of inorganic elements, and to create a map of soil potential to immobilisation/transportation of potential risk elements. The categorization of these risks was realized in two layers, contamination and potential soil sorption. The level of contamination was evaluated according to the Slovak Soil Law. Potential sorption of soil (PSS) is formed by qualitative (soil reaction, pH value, optical value of soil humus), and quantitative factors (C<sub, H-depth of humus horizon); it was evaluated according to the equation: [PSS] = F(pH) + F(Q<sup>4</sup><sub>6</sub>) + F(C<sub>org</sub>) × F(H). The map of soil immobilisation potential was created by fusion of contamination layer and layer of potential sorption of soil, and shows the distribution of five categories of risk elements immobilisation potential. Soils with very low immobilisation potential are reported predominantly in Košice and Banská Bystrica regions, where soils are contaminated by geochemical anomalies and anthropogenic sources. Transport is a reversible process to immobilisation; thus, the highest level of immobilisation potential is identical with the lowest transport category.
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Huang, Ying, YongXia Li, Jian Yang, et al. "Harmful Chemicals in Soil and Risk Assessment of an Abandoned Open Dumpsite in Eastern China." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/297686.

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The concentrations of pollutants in soil samples collected in and around a dumpsite in Heze, Shandong, China, were investigated, and the potential ecological and health risks of these pollutants were assessed. Seventeen soil samples from five different locations were analysed for pollution characteristics, and the target pollutants included inorganic pollutants and heavy metals as well as volatile organic compounds/semivolatile organic compounds (VOCs/SVOCs). Results showed that the mean concentration level of each pollutant from the interior area was relatively higher than that from the boundary area of the dumpsite. Inorganic pollutants and heavy metals were detected in all of the soil samples. According to potential ecological risk assessment with environmental background values of Shandong as screening values, heavy metals in majority of the samples pose low ecological risk to the ecosystem except Hg. Hg poses a considerable or very high risk because of its high levels of accumulation. In consideration of future land use pattern, human health risks derived from environmental exposure to heavy metals were assessed. Carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazards for adults are acceptable, while noncarcinogenic hazards for children exceed the safety threshold. The health risks are primarily attributed to oral exposure to As and Cr.
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SABER, Mohamed, and Alaa M. ZAGHLOUL. "Evaluation of biochemical treatments applied in polluted soils irrigated with low quality water for long periods of time through the CO2 efflux." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 117, no. 4 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2021.117.4.2111.

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<p class="042abstractstekst"><span lang="EN-US">To sightsee the bearings of the certain remediation amendments, usually applied in the bioremediation of soils irrigated with low quality water for extended periods on the indigenous microbial population, a greenhouse experiment was conducted at National Research Centre (NRC) where the soil ecosystem was supplied with varied mineral remediation amendments and the carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) refluxes were followed up. In this study, microbial activity through CO<sub>2</sub> efflux was taken as an indicator to evaluate the effectiveness of eight soil amendments in minimizing the hazards of inorganic pollutants in soil ecosystem irrigated with low quality water s for more than 40 years. Results showed that Ni and Zn were the most dominant contaminants that adversely influenced indigenous microbial activities in untreated soil, while Cu was the most persuasive. All trailed remediation amendments significantly minimized the hazards of inorganic pollutants in treated soil ecosystems. In addition, modified bentonite (Probentonite) was the best persuasive one. Mechanisms take place between trailed remediation amendments and inorganic pollutants in the studied soil ecosystems were discussed. In conclusion application of certain raw or modified clay minerals especially Probentonite could be a good tool in decreasing the rate of the studied inorganic pollutants in a contaminated soil ecosystem irrigated with low quality water for extended periods. </span></p>
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Figala, Jindřich, Valerie Vranová, Klement Rejšek, and Pavel Formánek. "Giant miscanthus (Miscantus × Giganteus Greef Et Deu.) – A Promising Plant for Soil Remediation: A Mini Review." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 6 (2015): 2241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563062241.

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Giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deu.) is a perennial rhizomatous grass with C4 type photosynthesis, which is distinctive by its resistance to cold temperatures when maintaining a sufficient photosynthesis rate. We revised potential of Miscanhus for use in soil bioremediation, especially from biological point of view. Translocation rate from roots to aerial part is low in general, but Miscanthus is able to grow even on highly contaminated soils without artificial fertilization. We also discussed the role of root exudates in pollutant immobilization, chelation and uptake. Commetabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with assistance of soil microbes shows promising results and significant reduction of tetracyclic PAHs in soil. Miscanthus is therefore suitable for immobilization of inorganic pollutants in soil and removal of organic pollutants, which makes it suitable to create buffer zones for surface waterway protection, stabilization of heavily contaminated substrates (e.g. reclaimed burrows of mining industry and sedimentation pools). According to low content of pollutants in aerial biomass the harvested plant material is deemed safe for further agricultural or industrial use.
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Truu, Jaak, Marika Truu, Mikk Espenberg, Hiie Nõlvak, and Jaanis Juhanson. "Phytoremediation and Plant-Assisted Bioremediation in Soil and Treatment Wetlands: A Review." Open Biotechnology Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070701509010085.

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Phytoremediation is a technology that is based on the combined action of plants and their associated microbial communities to degrade, remove, transform, or immobilize toxic compounds located in soils, sediments, and more recently in polluted ground water and wastewater in treatment wetlands. Phytoremediation could be used to treat different types of contaminants including petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, pesticides, explosives, heavy metals and radionuclides in soil and water. The advantages of phytoremediation compared to conventional techniques are lower cost, low disruptiveness to the environment, public acceptance, and potentiality to remediate various pollutants. The use of plants in conjunction with plant associated bacteria (rhizosphere or endophytic) offers greater potential for bioremediation of organic compounds, and in some cases inorganic pollutants than using plants alone in bioremediation. The implementation of treatment wetlands for phytoremediation of wastewater or polluted water originating from various sources allows removing organic and inorganic pollutants from water in an environmentally friendly and economically feasible way. Presently, different processes of phytoremediation in treatment wetlands are less studied compared to phytoremediation of polluted soils. Further research is needed to advance the understanding of the pollutant removal mechanisms in treatment wetlands with vegetation, and how based on this information to improve treatment wetland design and operational parameters to achieve more efficient treatment processes. This review covers basic processes of phytoremediation with special emphasis on rhizoremediation and plant-microbe interactions in plant–assisted biodegradation in soil and treatment wetlands.
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Islam, Tariqul, Yanliang Li, and Hefa Cheng. "Biochars and Engineered Biochars for Water and Soil Remediation: A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (2021): 9932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179932.

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Biochars (BCs) are considered as ecofriendly and multifunctional materials with significant potential for remediation of contaminated water and soils, while engineered biochars (E-BCs) with enlarged surface areas and abundant surface functional groups can perform even better in environmental remediation. This review systematically summarizes the key physical and chemical properties of BCs that affect their pollutant sorption capacities, major methods employed for modification of E-BCs, the performance of BCs/E-BCs in removing major types of organic (e.g., antibiotics and pesticides) and inorganic pollutants (e.g., heavy metals), and the corresponding removal mechanisms. The physical and chemical properties of BCs—such as ash or mineral contents, aromaticity, surface structures, pH, and surface functional groups (e.g., C=O, -COOH, -OH, and -NH2)—depend primarily on their feedstock sources (i.e., plant, sludge, or fecal) and the pyrolysis temperature. Ion exchange, precipitation, electrostatic attraction, and complexation are the main mechanisms involved in the adsorption of inorganic pollutants on BCs/E-BCs, whereas hydrogen bonding, pore filling, electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic interaction, and van der Waals forces are the major driving forces for the uptake of organic pollutants. Despite their significant promises, more pilot and field scale investigations are necessary to demonstrate the practical applicability and viability of BCs/E-BCs in water and soil remediation.
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Zhang, Ting, and Houjin Zhang. "Microbial Consortia Are Needed to Degrade Soil Pollutants." Microorganisms 10, no. 2 (2022): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020261.

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Soil pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems globally due to the weak self-purification ability, long degradation time, and high cost of cleaning soil pollution. The pollutants in the soil can be transported into the human body through water or dust, causing adverse effects on human health. The latest research has shown that the clean-up of soil pollutants through microbial consortium is a very promising method. This review provides an in-depth discussion on the efficient removal, bio-adsorption, or carbonated precipitation of organic and inorganic pollutants by the microbial consortium, including PAHs, BPS, BPF, crude oil, pyrene, DBP, DOP, TPHP, PHs, butane, DON, TC, Mn, and Cd. In view of the good degradation ability of the consortium compared to single strains, six different synergistic mechanisms and corresponding microorganisms are summarized. The microbial consortium obtains such activities through enhancing synergistic degradation, reducing the accumulation of intermediate products, generating the crude enzyme, and self-regulating, etc. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency of pollutants can be greatly improved by adding chemical materials such as the surfactants Tween 20, Tween 80, and SDS. This review provides insightful information regarding the application of microbial consortia for soil pollutant removal.
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Riek, Winfried, Alexander Russ, and Marc Marx. "Concentrations of Inorganic and Organic Pollutants in Forest Soils as an Archive of Anthropogenic Inputs in the State of Brandenburg, Germany." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (2021): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031189.

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An important component of the National Forest Soils Inventory (NFSI) is the investigation of inorganic and organic pollutants. Forests are able to filter out large quantities of these substances from the atmosphere and incorporate them into the soil for a long time. The aim of this study was the integrative evaluation of organic and inorganic pollutant concentrations in forest soils in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. With the help of principle component analysis, the pollutant concentrations can essentially be explained by three significant environmental components, which explain 76% of the total variance of all pollutants examined within the scope of the NFSI. The first component characterizes the extent of the atmospheric pollution caused by flue gases and fly ash from lignite combustion in the 1970s and 1980s and is mainly charged by the organic pollutants HCB and PAH, and the elements arsenic and chromium. This component shows positive relation to both spatially interpolated calcium-deposition data from the 1980s (as an indicator for the dust emission from coal combustion) and crown defoliation data of pine stands from the forest condition survey in the early 1990s. The depositions of zinc and cadmium from industrial sources, vehicle traffic and the use of fertilizers in agriculture mainly characterize the second principle component. The use of the pesticides DDT and lindane in the early 1980s and the associated pollutants input into the forest soils are expressed by the third component. In expanding the term archiving function of soils, the results illustrate their particular importance for the long-term archiving of anthropogenic inputs and the associated potential stress factors for forests.
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Udume, Ogochukwu A., Gideon O. Abu, Herbert O. Stanley, Ijeoma F. Vincent-Akpu, Yusuf Momoh, and Michael O. Eze. "Biostimulation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil Using Organic and Inorganic Amendments." Plants 12, no. 3 (2023): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030431.

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The most common approaches for the in-situ bioremediation of contaminated sites worldwide are bioaugmentation and biostimulation. Biostimulation has often proved more effective for chronically contaminated sites. This study examined the effectiveness of optimized water hyacinth compost in comparison with other organic and inorganic amendments for the remediation of crude oil-polluted soils. Water hyacinth was found to be rich in nutrients necessary to stimulate microbial growth and activity. An organic geochemical analysis revealed that all amendments in this study increased total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) biodegradation by ≥75% within 56 days, with the greatest biodegradation (93%) occurring in sterilized soil inoculated with optimized water hyacinth compost. This was followed by polluted soil amended with a combination of spent mushroom and water hyacinth composts (SMC + WH), which recorded a TPH biodegradation of 89%. Soil amendment using the inorganic fertilizer NPK (20:10:10) resulted in 86% TPH biodegradation. On the other hand, control samples (natural attenuation) recorded only 4% degradation. A molecular analysis of residual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) showed that the 16 PAHs designated by the US EPA as priority pollutants were either completely or highly degraded in the combined treatment (SMC + WH), indicating the potential of this amendment for the environmental remediation of soils contaminated with recalcitrant organic pollutants.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inorganic soil pollutants"

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Eigenhuis, Bernhard. "Developing the soil pollution potential as an environmental management cost estimation index for washing inorganic pollutants from soils / B. Eigenhuis." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/283.

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This study investigated the concept of the Soil Pollution Potential (SPP), a concept analogous to the Global Warming Potential used to compare various chemicals during Life Cycle Analysis of industrial projects. The objective of the study was to identify a reference soil pollution scenario and a reference inorganic soil pollutant that provide the basis for calculating Soil Pollution Potentials for a wide range of soil pollution scenarios. The reference inorganic soil pollutant has been identified as Aluminium and a reference soil pollution scenario is also described in this dissertation, proving the hypothesis that such a reference pollutant could be identified through the use of statistical analysis of resulting modelling data for a wide range of parameter values. The reference pollutant was identified through a statistical evaluation of the model simulation time required to simulate the remediation of the soil profile. It was found that lower diffusion coefficients resulted in more time required, effectively limiting mass transfer in the soil profile. A regression equation was developed that simplifies the calculation of SPP values, reducing the need for complex numerical modelling. The regression equation describes approximately 96% of the variation found in the modelling data and is considered sufficiently accurate. A simpler form of the regression equation was also derived exhibiting a R2 of approximately 0.87. This dissertation also provides a simple equation to calculate the volume of flushing water required to remediate polluted soil profiles in other soil pollution scenarios within the parameter value ranges identified in this study. It is possible to repeat this study, but focussing on organic pollutants in the soil profile. Azelate has been identified as a possible candidate reference organic pollutant based on a similar diffusion coefficient in water as compared to that of Aluminium. A similar approach has been followed by ICI using Environmental Quality Standards and toxicity characteristics of Copper and Formaldehyde in the aquatic environment to select inorganic and organic reference chemicals. Such an organic reference will provide an important link in the SPP continuum and should be further investigated. This study has clearly and conceptually illustrated how the SPP can be used as an environmental management cost estimation index for different soil washing (flushing) scenarios. A generic equation for relative cost (cost index) was derived. Finally, SPP values were found to range from 9.81E-06 to 9.67 for the parameter values in this study, with an associated water cost ranging from R0.00 to R145.00 per m3 at an assumed cost of R3.00 per m3. Published soil flushing cost (water and operation of equipment) was found to range from R140.00 to R1400.00 per m3 of soil (year 2004); it appears less expensive than the published cost of soil washing. Furthermore does it appears that the cost of water accounts for approximately 10% of the published cost of soil flushing, but further investigation is required in future to confirm this.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Geography and Environmental Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Chéret, Véronique. "La sapiniere du luchonnais (pyrenees hautes-garonnaises) : etude phytoecologique, recherches sur le phenomene de deperissement forestier." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30042.

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Un phenomene de deperissement du sapin (abies alba m. ) se developpe depuis plusieurs annees dans le luchonnais. Apres un inventaire des symptomes et une cartographie des secteurs forestiers atteints, des travaux ont ete menes dans differents domaines afin d'expliciter ce phenomene. Il ressort que le deperissement semble du a une synergie de facteurs contribuant a affaiblir progressivement la sapiniere en provoquant directement (pollutions acides, faible fertilite des sols) ou indirectement (secheresse, competition) des troubles nutritionnels
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Books on the topic "Inorganic soil pollutants"

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Moore, James W. Inorganic contaminants of surface water: Research and monitoring priorities. Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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Barrow, N. J., and Bnayahu Bar-Yosef. Inorganic Contaminants in the Vadose Zone. Brand: Springer, 2011.

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Inorganic contaminants in the vadose zone. Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Barrow, N. J., Bnayahu Bar-Yosef, and J. Goldshmid. Inorganic Contaminants in the Vadose Zone. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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G, Ford Robert, Wilkin Richard T. 1965-, Puls Robert W. 1950-, and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Monitored natural attenuation of inorganic contaminants in ground water. National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2007.

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Monitoring of inorganic contaminants associated with irrigation drainage in Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge and Carson Lake, west-central Nevada, 1994-96. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000.

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1950-, Raisbeck Merl F., and University of Wyoming. Dept. of Veterinary Sciences., eds. Water quality for Wyoming livestock & wildlife: A review of the literature pertaining to health effects of inorganic contaminants. University of Wyoming Dept. of Veterinary Sciences, 2008.

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Contaminants Transport in Soils: Principles and Applications. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Inorganic soil pollutants"

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Macek, Tomas, Daniela Pavlikova, and Martina Mackova. "Phytoremediation of Metals and Inorganic Pollutants." In Soil Biology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05794-0_7.

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Akram, Rida, Veysel Turan, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, et al. "Fate of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants in Paddy Soils." In Soil Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93671-0_13.

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Gerth, J., F. Dankwarth, and U. Förstner. "Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Pollutants — a Critical View." In Treatment of Contaminated Soil. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04643-2_37.

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Saha, Jayanta K., Rajendiran Selladurai, M. Vassanda Coumar, M. L. Dotaniya, Samaresh Kundu, and Ashok K. Patra. "Major Inorganic Pollutants Affecting Soil and Crop Quality." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4274-4_4.

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Yadav, Suman, Yashpal Bhardwaj, Neha, and Abhishek Singh. "Functional Genomics and System Biology Approach in Bioremediation of Soil and Water from Organic and Inorganic Pollutants." In Microbial Genomics in Sustainable Agroecosystems. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8739-5_1.

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Yosry, M., and Abo el Abas. "Distribution Pattern of Some Inorganic Pollutants in Groundwater and Soil of a Sewage Farm at NE-Cairo/Egypt." In Water in the Middle East and in North Africa. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10866-6_17.

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Forja´n, R., V. Asensio, R. S. Guedes, A. Rodríguez-Vila, E. F. Covelo, and P. Marcet. "Remediation of Soils Polluted with Inorganic Contaminants: Role of Organic Amendments." In Enhancing Cleanup of Environmental Pollutants. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55423-5_10.

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Tauqeer, Hafiz Muhammad, Maryam Fatima, Audil Rashid, et al. "The Current Scenario and Prospects of Immobilization Remediation Technique for the Management of Heavy Metals Contaminated Soils." In Approaches to the Remediation of Inorganic Pollutants. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6221-1_8.

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Shevah, Y., and M. Waldman. "Advances in Management of Fertilizer Application and the Resulting Effect on the Pollutant Load in Soil." In Inorganic Contaminants in the Vadose Zone. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74451-8_12.

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Patinha, Carla, Aurora Armienta, Ariadne Argyraki, and Nuno Durães. "Inorganic Pollutants in Soils." In Soil Pollution. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-849873-6.00006-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Inorganic soil pollutants"

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Burlakovs, Juris, Ruta Ozola-Davidane, and Maris Klavins. "INNOVATIVE COMPOSITE SORBENTS FOR ORGANIC AND INORGANIC POLLUTANTS REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS IN LANDFILL LEACHATES." In International Scientific Conference “EcoBalt 2021”. University of Latvia Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/isceb.2021.01.

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The study reveals the development of appropriate innovative sorbents based on clay material for arsenic and p-nitrophenol sorption using iron oxy-hydroxide and surfactant modification. Natural and manufactured clay were chosen for comparison of modification efficiency to obtain the best sorption results for As (V) and p-nitrophenol. Obtained results indicate that modification of clay with iron compounds and various surfactants significantly improve the sorption capacity of newly developed materials used for sorption of inorganic and organic compounds from aqueous solutions in landfill leachates.Natural clay minerals have received a lot of attention as potential sorbents, because of their abundance, cost-effectiveness, high sorption and ion-exchange properties [1]. Clay minerals can be modified using different approaches to obtain innovative materials for application as sorbents in the removal of inorganic and organic pollutants from leachates, wastewater, groundwater and soil [2, 3]. Modification with surfactants improves hydrophobization needed if interaction with low polarity organic molecules is necessary, but chemical modification with inorganic species, e.g., hydrated iron supports the physical improvement of sorption and ion exchange process in order to benefit the treatment of media from inorganic pollutants [4]. Materials achieved better properties for specific remedial applications regarding heavy metals and metalloids, prepared organoclays from hydrophilic montmorillonite by intercalating cationic or nonionic surfactants can interact with organic molecules of differing polarity and serve as immobilizers for organic molecules and toxicants, e.g., phenols and NOCs. Further studies will reveal improved properties to benefit landfill leachate treatment, wastewater engineering and environmental remediation industries.
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Burlakovs, Juris, Jovita Pilecka, Inga Grinfelde, and Ruta Ozola-Davidane. "Clay minerals and humic substances as landfill closure covering material constituents: first studies." In Research for Rural Development 2020. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.26.2020.032.

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Soil and groundwater as the leachate may contaminate surrounding watersheds, thus different pollutants from closed dumps and landfills pose significant risks to human health and ecology. Pollution may lead to soil and water degradation however it might be diminished through sustainable dump site closure projects and processual management. Several decades of clays and clay minerals studies lead to modified clay composites concept that is one of the potential promising solutions for building the landfill covering material and serve as capping biocover layer at the same time. As humic substances are constituents of soil organic matter, pollutants can be sorbed on the surfaces of complex molecules. This kind of humic acid-clay mineral composite materials thus might become as low cost building material component - covering material. Construction of such layer are to be performed as a combination of clay-humic composites and landfill mined fine fraction of waste with small amendment of natural soil. Several hypotheses that are already proven has to be mentioned: a) Clay minerals produce composites with humic substances; 2) Clay-humic complexes reduce through sorption both organic and inorganic pollutants; 3) Low risk of toxic byproducts from landfill mined waste fine fraction can be the problem; 4) Such composites mostly would trap toxic contaminants (e.g., pharmaceuticals) found in reworked fine fraction of waste. The aim of the work is to provide alternative solution for landfill closure by giving theoretical considerations from multidisciplinary knowledge of environmental engineering, chemistry and waste management.
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Ribeiro, A., C. Vilarinho, J. Araújo, and J. Carvalho. "Electrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Soils With Chromium." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87552.

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Soil is a vital natural resource that regulates our environment sustainability and provide essential resources to humans and nature. Nowadays, with an increasingly populated and urbanized world, pollution is widely recognized as a significant challenge to soil and groundwater resources management. The most common chemicals found in soils and water plumb in a dissolved state and considered as potential pollutants are heavy metals, dyes, phenols, detergents, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and others organic substances, such as organic matter. Unlike organic contaminants, heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms and many heavy metal ions are known to be toxic or carcinogenic. Toxic heavy metals of particular concern zinc, copper, nickel, mercury, cadmium, lead and chromium. Electrokinetic remediation deserves particular attention in soil treatment due to its peculiar advantages, including the capability of treating fine and low permeability materials, and achieving consolidation, dewatering and removal of salts and inorganic contaminants like heavy metals in a single stage. In this study, the remediation of artificially chromium contaminated soil by electrokinetic process, coupled with Eggshell Inorganic Fraction Powder (EGGIF) permeable reactive barrier (PRB), was investigated. An electric field of 2 V cm−1 was applied and was used an EGGIF/soil ratio of 30 g kg−1 of contaminated soil for the preparation of the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in each test. Results proved that the study of chromium mobility revealed the predominance in its transportation through the soil towards the anode, due essentially to the existence of chromium in the form of oxyanions (chromate and dichromate), which confers a negative charge to the molecule. Chromium removal by electrokinetic remediation was faster in low levels of concentration and the utilization of citric acid as buffer and complexing agent allowed to maintain pH of soil below the precipitation limit for this element. It was obtained high removal rates of chromium in both experiments, especially near the anode. In the normalized distance to cathode of 0.8 it was achieved a maximum removal rate of chromium of 55, 59 and 60% in initial chromium concentration of 500 mg kg−1, 250 mg kg−1 and 100 mg kg−1, respectively. The viability of the new coupling technology developed (electrokinetic with EGGIF permeable reactive barrier) to treat low-permeability polluted soils was demonstrated. Based on the proved efficiency, this remediation technique has to be optimized and applied to real soils in order to validate it as a large-scale solution.
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4

Rudko, Georgii, and Maksym Ozerko. "ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES DURING MINING OF FELDSPAR DEPOSITS IN UKRAINE." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/29.

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"Possible negative impacts on the environment during mining of feldspar deposits with open-pit and underground mine are defined. The main changes have been identified, which are as follows: air pollution, soil destructions, change of relief, a local decrease in groundwater level, pollution by sewage and waste. Destructions of the soil cover are fixed under the dumps of the quarry and in the path of the movement of quarry equipment. Through the development of a pit and dumps, the primary relief acquires significant changes and the action of forces caused primarily by gravity is activated, aimed at smoothing out negative and positive relief forms. An increase in the height difference from the dump ridge to the bottom of the quarry and the formation of a significant, pronounced depression of the relief redirects the surface runoff, increases its speed, and reduces infiltration into the soil. Mining development caused drainage of groundwater due to its release to the surface and evaporation. Air pollution has a bigger scale than other components of negative impacts. The main impact of mining activities is due to emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere as a result of blowing dust from the surface of dumps and emissions from quarry transport and their deposition on the soil and storage of industrial waste. The main pollutants are inorganic dust with content of SiO2 - 65-82% and Al2O3 - 11-21%. Separately, the article discusses the impact on the environment during multi-components deposits` exploitation, where feldspar concentrates are produced as by-products. Several deposits in Ukraine belong to the group: Bakhtyn (fluorite ores), Nosachivske (titanium-ilmenite ores), Perzhanske deposits of rare metals, Mazurivske (tantalum and niobium ores). Most of them are planned to be mined underground, which saves more land resources in comparison with open workings. The placement of mine shafts and industrial sites for their maintenance requires an area of about 30 hectares. All of them have a complex ore processing with the separation of several concentrates, which necessitates the use of flotation and other reagents. The development of such deposits involves the organization of tailings and circulating water supply of the processing plant."
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Reports on the topic "Inorganic soil pollutants"

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Gladney, E. S., R. W. Ferenbaugh, K. W. Stolte, and D. M. Duriscoe. An investigation of the impact of inorganic air pollutants on soils in Saguaro National Monument, Tucson, Arizona. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10179816.

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