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1
Nero, Rob. "Stacked User Inputs." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23183.
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Multi-touch tables, iPhones, and iPads are just a few of the many devices to have embraced the mystical power of touch sensitivity. Somehow, without any physical push of a button, these devices can magically “feel” when my finger is touching them! Touch-sensitive technology is perceived to be such a recent addition in devices, that it still holds people in amazement and makes them believe they are living in a science-fiction fantasy. Is this the future for all devices though? The iPhone has proven to be such a success that it seems as though all mobile phone manufacturers are abandoning physical buttons in favor of touch-sensitive panels. This thesis aims to point out that the physicality of interfaces should not be abandoned, but combined with touch-sensitivity. The haptic feedback that I receive while pushing the keys down on my keyboard is an advantage that is quickly lost with the touch-sensitive screen of an iPhone. However, the touch-sensitive screen of an iPhone offers the ability of using natural gestures to provide input to the device, which a physical keyboard is unable to do at all. I propose that a physical interface can be combined with a touch-sensitive interface to create “Stacked User Inputs” that would combine the advantages of both interfaces, into one seamless interaction.
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Pippen, Rebecca Gintz. "Perceptions of Critical Factors Related to Teacher Quality| Teacher Inputs, System Inputs, and Comprehensive Hiring Practices." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10245285.
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For decades, accountability for student results has been at the forefront of school reform. While many school-based factors have influence, teacher quality has consistently been identified as the most important school-based factor related to student achievement (Rivkin, Hanushek, & Kain, 2000; Stronge, 2007). Research also suggests that a quality teacher can substantially minimize the challenges faced by at risk students (Hanushek, Kain, & Rivkin, 1998). However, defining a quality teacher and determining the factors related to teacher effectiveness are not easy tasks. This research study answers the overarching question What are the primary criteria utilized by school leaders to ensure the hiring of high quality teachers? by examining school leaders’ and novice teachers’ perceptions of the important factors related to teacher quality (teacher inputs, system inputs, and comprehensive hiring practices).
3
Cheng, Kit-hung. "Top-k aggregation of ranked inputs." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35506519.
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Vasilellis, George A. "Forecasting the inputs for portfolio selection." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312478.
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Cheng, Kit-hung, and 鄭傑雄. "Top-k aggregation of ranked inputs." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35506519.
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Libis, Vincent. "New inputs for synthetic biological systems." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC127/document.
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Les chercheurs en biologie de synthèse programment l’ADN pour construire des systèmes biologiques capables de répondre à certaines conditions de manière prédéfinie. Cette capacité pourrait avoir un impact sur plusieurs domaines, de la médecine à la fermentation industrielle. Le traitement de signal par des circuits biologiques synthétiques est en train d’être démontré à large échelle, mais hélas la variété des signaux d’entrée capables de contrôler ces circuits est pour l’instant limitée. Ce manque de diversité est un obstacle majeur au développement de nouvelles applications car en général chaque application requiert une réponse à des signaux de nature particulière qui lui sont spécifiques. Cette thèse cherche à apporter des solutions au manque de signaux d’entrée appropriés contrôlant les circuits biologiques en développant deux nouvelles stratégies d’induction. La première stratégie vise à étendre la diversité chimique des signaux d’entrée. A l’inverse des approches existantes, qui reposent sur la modification des systèmes de détections naturels tels que les riboswitchs ou les facteurs de transcription allostériques, j’ai cherché ici à modifier directement des molécules préalablement non-détectables afin de les rendre détectables par les systèmes de détection actuels. Pour ce faire, la transformation chimique des molécules cibles est réalisée in situ grâce à l’expression de voies métaboliques synthétiques dans la cellule. Afin de pouvoir utiliser cette stratégie de manière systématique, j’ai employé la conception assistée par ordinateur et puisé dans l’ensemble des réactions biochimiques connues afin de prédire des voies de détections pour de nouvelles molécules. J’ai ensuite implémenté in vivo plusieurs prédictions qui ont permis à E. coli de détecter de nouveaux composés. Au-delà de l’intérêt de cette méthode en biotechnologie, cela montre que le métabolisme peut jouer un rôle dans le transfert d’information, en plus de son rôle dans le transfert de matière et d’énergie, ce qui soulève la question de l’utilisation potentielle de cette stratégie de détection par la nature. Un second axe présente une façon d’épargner l’utilisation d’inducteurs chimiques pour les programmes biologiques simples, et propose d’utiliser des inducteurs biologiques à la place. Lorsqu’une seule étape d’induction ou de répression de gènes est nécessaire, comme c’est le cas en fermentation industrielle, je propose de remplacer la coûteuse étape d’induction chimique par l’infection simultanée de toutes les cellules d’une population par des particules virales capables d’injecter en temps réel l’ensemble des informations nécessaires pour déclencher l’activité biologique recherchée. A des fins de fermentation, j’ai développé des particules virales modifiées qui reprogramment dynamiquement le métabolisme d’une large population de bactérie au moment opportun et les forcent à produire des molécules à haute valeur ajoutéeSynthetic biologists program DNA with the aim of building biological systems that react under certain conditions in a predefined way. This ability could have impact in several fields, from medicine to industrial fermentation. While the scalability of synthetic biological circuits in terms of signal processing in now almost demonstrated, the variety of input signals for these circuits is limited. Because each application typically requires a circuit to react to case-specific molecules, the lack of input diversity is a major obstacle to the development of new applications. Two axis are developed over the course of this thesis to try to address input-related problems. The main axis consists in a new strategy aiming at systematically and immediately increasing the chemical diversity of inputs for synthetic circuits. Current approaches to expand the number of potential inputs focus on re-engineering sensing systems such as riboswitches or allosteric transcription factors to make them react to previously non-detectable molecules. On the contrary, here we developed a method to transform the non-detectable molecules themselves into molecules for which sensing systems already exist. These chemical transformations are realized in situ by expressing synthetic metabolic pathways in the cell. In order to systematize this strategy, we leveraged computer-aided design to predict ways of detecting new molecules by digging into all known biochemical reactions. We then implemented several predictions in vivo that successfully enabled E. coli to detect new chemicals. Aside from the interest of the method for biotechnological applications, this shows that in addition to transferring matter and energy, metabolism can also play a role in transferring information, raising the question of potential occurrences of this sensing strategy in nature. A second axis introduce a way to exempt simple programs from the need for a chemical input, and explore the use of a biological input instead. In situations where a single timely induction or repression of multiple genes is required, such as in industrial fermentation processes, we propose to replace expensive chemical induction by simultaneous infection of all the members of a growing population of cells with viral particles inputting in real-time all the necessary information for the task at hand. In the context of fermentation, we developed engineered viral particles that can dynamically reprogram the metabolism of a large population of bacteria at the optimal stage of growth and force them to produce value-added chemicals
7
Tarnoff, David. "Episode 6.06 – Don’t Cares as Inputs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/computer-organization-design-oer/46.
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Kameda, Hiroshi. "Parvalbumin-producing cortical interneurons receive inhibitory inputs on proximal portions and cortical excitatory inputs on distal dendrites." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157466.
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Ramos, Myra Gina P. "Pesticide inputs, harvest timing, and functional forms." Thesis, Montana State University, 1993. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/1993/ramos/RamosM1993.pdf.
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An accurate assessment of the value of pesticides to producers gives information to policy makers which may be useful in formulating policy regarding pesticides. Since the marginal products of pesticide inputs are a function of the functional specification of the production function, it is important to accurately specify the production function. Past empirical studies have suggested that the use of the Cobb-Douglas production function overestimates pesticide productivity. In addition to the pesticide productivity issue, this study also examines the economic importance of harvest-timing in crop production; most studies of supply response have not examined the harvesting decision explicitly. Results show that any function that can approximate the true function well in the neighborhood of the sample mean will give about the same estimate of mean marginal product. Findings suggest that if the purpose of a study is to estimate the marginal productivity and elasticity of inputs at its mean level, then the choice of the functional form may not matter. One of the purposes of this study is to reexamine the issue of relationship of pesticide productivity and functional form using primary level data on Ecuadorian potato production.
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Koulis, Theodoro. "Life testing problems with Gamma type inputs." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33418.
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We examine the problem of finding the exact distributions of linear functions of k independent generalized gamma variables, X 1, X2,..., Xk. Special cases of generalized gamma distributions include the exponential, gamma and Weibull distributions. A linear function of such variables is often a quantity of interest in the analysis of survival data, reliability of certain systems and stochastic processes and hence we present this problem in the context of life testing. The exact distributions of these linear functions are needed to compute survival functions, hazard functions and other important functions in practical problems. Stacy (1962) obtained some exact results involving generalized gamma variables and Huzurbazar and Huzurbazar (1999) used saddlepoint approximations where the input variables are gamma or Weibull. We examine this problem where the k independent real scalar random variables, X1, X 2,..., Xk, are of gamma type with general parameters. For this case, various exact distributions are obtained and it is shown that most of these representations are easily computable. These exact results are compared with the usual saddlepoint approximations. We also examine numerically inverting the Laplace transform in this context, showing that it is one of the most efficient and accurate ways of estimating the exact distribution for certain cases. Results of this thesis are being published and presented in co-authorship with A. M. Mathai in Koulis and Mathai (2000).
11
Sparks, Bret Andrew. "Reduced Inputs Turfgrass Through White Clover Inclusion." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/41.
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Most managed turfgrass species require frequent inputs to maintain an acceptable level of quality. Among these inputs, nitrogen (N) fertilization is usually the most limiting in terms of growth and development. However, N fertilization is also linked to non-point source (NPS) pollution. White clover (WC) is known for its ability to provide N when mixed into stands of turfgrass, and does not pose a threat for NPS pollution. Two field studies were designed to investigate the effects of WC inclusion in stands of cool-season turfgrasses. In the first field study, three cultivation techniques were examined for establishment of WC into preexisting turfgrass stands at three different seasonal timings. Scalping during the summer was seen as providing the highest WC populations, although scalping treatments also caused the most initial damage to the turfgrass. In the second field study, mixed stands of turfgrass and WC were examined for response to several weeks of traffic simulations, with WC withstanding the traffic events. Additionally, a greenhouse study was implemented to examine the effects of several commercial broadleaf herbicides on two WC varieties. Only 2,4-D was shown to be safe for application to both WC varieties, although Microclover did show tolerance to quinclorac applications.
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Hazel, Toby Richard. "Population models of inputs to abducens motoneurons." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312772.
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Zhan, Bohua. "Evaluation of boolean formulas with restricted inputs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61269.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 61).
In this thesis, I will investigate the running time of quantum algorithms for evaluating boolean functions when the input is promised to satisfy certain conditions. The two quantum algorithms considered in this paper are the quantum walk algorithm for NAND trees given by Farhi and Gutmann [2], and an algorithm for more general boolean formulas based on span programs, given by Reichardt and Spalek [6]. I will show that these algorithms can run much faster on a certain set of inputs, and that there is a super-polynomial separation between the quantum algorithm and the classical lower bound on this problem. I will apply this analysis to quantum walks on decision trees, as described in [3], giving a class of decision trees that can be penetrated quickly by quantum walk but may not be efficiently searchable by classical algorithms.
by Bohua Zhan.
S.B.
14
Imbruno, Michele. "Trade liberalization, intermediate inputs and heterogeneous firms." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659297.
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This thesis contributes to the literature on microeconomic linkage between globalization, economic growth and welfare. First, we study the impact of input trade liberalization on firm efficiency, aggregate productivity and welfare. We extend the Melitz (2003)'s framework to incorporate: a) trade in both intermediate inputs and final goods between similar countries, b) firm's decision to import intermediate inputs in addition to the decision to export the final output. This model shows different effects from reducing input tariffs, according to whether intermediates are assumed to be imported directly by final good firms or indirectly through an efficient wholesale system. Second, using data from Chinese manufacturing firms over the period 2002- 2006, we investigate empirically the effect of trade liberalization in intermediate inputs on firm's total factor productivity (TFP), considering the relevant role played by trade wholesalers. We document that direct-importers enjoy larger productivity gains from reducing input tariffs respect to other firms. But, the non-importers also benefit because they can access to foreign inputs through trade intermediaries. In sectors where input trade intermediation was relatively low, firms not directly involved in imports suffer efficiency losses. Finally, we also explore the effectiveness of different trade policy instruments on product-level Chinese imports over the period 2000-2006. More specifically, in addition to the declines in tariffs, we investigate the impact on imports of the gradual removal of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) as agreed within WTO's accession protocol in 2001 (such as import quotas, licenses and tendering). Overall, the results show that while manufacturing imports increased due to tariff cuts, agricultural imports grew thanks to the elimination of import licenses. We also find some complementarity between tariffs and NTBs.
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Homoky, William Bela. "Iron inputs from sediments to the oceans." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/169045/.
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This thesis explores the nature and ubiquity of iron (Fe) inputs from sediments to the oceans. In the last 10 years continental shelf sediments have become widely recognised as important vectors for dissolved Fe inputs to the oceans, where bacterial dissimilatory Fe-reduction (DIR) promotes the flux of Fe to the water column during the oxidation of sedimentary organic matter. Deep-sea and volcanogenic sediments however, are important reservoirs of Fe, which have not yet been investigated as sources of Fe to seawater. Furthermore knowledge of the nature of Fe phases involved in sediment, porefluid and seawater cycling is limited. The nature of Fe cycling was investigated in deep-sea volcaniclastic surface-sediments (0-20 cmbsf). Pore-fluid and sediment samples were collected from tephra-rich sites near the active volcanic island of Montserrat, Caribbean Sea, and mixed biosiliceous sites around the dormant Crozet Island archipelago, Southern Ocean. Analyses reveal both regions maintain high pore-fluid Fe concentrations close to the sediment surface (up to 20 μM 0-5 cmbsf), despite relatively low organic carbon supply and contrasting oxygen utilization pathways. The oxidation of young tephra is thought to maintain the steep oxygen gradient measured in Montserrat sediments, and is considered to be an important component of Fe, and in particular manganese (Mn), cycling with local bottom water. Unlike Montserrat dissolved Fe and Mn in Crozet pore-fluids are dominated by colloidal phases (0.02-0.2 μm), and in both oxic and sub-oxic sediment layers. Thus mixed biosiliceous-volcaniclastic sediments are shown to host important colloidal-Fe generating reactions, which it is argued, promote the exchange of Fe with the overlying bottom waters. Re-cycling processes close to the seafloor are likely to determine the impact of this flux on seawater Fe budgets. Low-cost ex-situ incubation experiments were used to measure a benthic Fe flux on sediments from the river-dominated Californian margin (6.3 ± 5.9 μmol Fe m-2 yr-1) consistent with previous studies. Fe and Mn fluxes from Montserrat tephra deposits were also assessed; Differences in oxidation kinetics are shown to prevent the accumulation of Fe, yet permit the accumulation of Mn (~27 μmol m-2 yr-1) in Montserrat bottom waters. Studies indicate temporospatial variations to bioirrigation and sediment re-suspension are important aspects of sedimentary Fe inputs that are poorly represented by conventional sampling methods. In an effort to trace the biogeochemical processing of pore-fluid Fe in Crozet sediments, its isotopic composition was determined, representing the first measurements of their kind in deep-sea pore-fluids. Unique relative to previous studies of pore-fluid Fe isotopes, the near-crustal δ56Fe compositions, demonstrate that DIR does not impart the same light Fe-isotopic signature that characterises previous sub-oxic pore-fluids. Comparison of reactive Fe contents between Crozet and pacific margin sediments indicates pore-fluid Fe isotopes reflect the extent to which Fe is recycled by redox processes. This discovery brings to light the potential for Fe isotopes to trace the input of Fe from shelf sediments, where redox re-cycling of Fe is extensive. The mean oceanic Fe isotope composition (δ56Fe) is predicted to be -0.1 to -3.2‰ depending on the balance of uncertainty in input terms. The predicted surface water Fe isotope composition in the Crozet region (-2.0 to - 2.2‰) is shown to reflect the light composition of shelf-derived Fe for a Fe inventory already constrained for this region.
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Grifo, Anabela Dias Ramalho Vale Leitão. "Inputs and yield optimization on irrigated maize." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18319.
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This dissertation describes efforts to move toward the study of soil and the management of yield variability
through research that explored and evaluated the potential of some techniques to provide greater understanding
and knowledge of an agricultural field, even in situations where there is no prior knowledge of its
behavior. The first experiment used a principal components analysis (PCA) in the study of the spatial and
temporal variability of maize grain yield. The results of this experiment demonstrated that the 1st and 2nd
principal components could be used to identify field zones with different spatial and temporal behaviors.
The second experiment applied stochastic and sequential Gaussian simulation techniques to spatially and
temporally forecast and model maize productivity. This technique enabled the modeling of spatial uncertainty
in maize productivity based on probabilistic maps with different confidence levels. The third experiment
examined different fertilization input scenarios based on yield/nutrient inputs ratio and break-even
yields to optimize agronomic, economic and environmental support decisions. According to the results,
it is possible to reduce agricultural production costs through the differential management of inputs. The
outcomes showed that differential management decisions can maximize returns and reduce activity risk
without having to implement major changes on the farm; Sumário:
Otimização da produtividade e dos fatores de produção no milho de regadio
O presente trabalho de investigação, que considerou três estudos, explora e avalia o potencial de alguns
modelos no estudo da gestão da variabilidade espacial e temporal da produtividade e dos nutrientes no
âmbito da produção de regadio. O primeiro estudo focou a utilização da técnica estatística Análise de Componentes
Principais (ACP) no estudo da variabilidade temporal da produtividade da cultura do milho na
região do Alto Alentejo. Os resultados desta experiência mostraram que as duas primeiras componentes
principais permitem identificar zonas da parcela agrícola com diferente comportamento espacial e ambiental.
No segundo estudo avaliou-se o desempenho da simulação sequencial Gaussiana na previsão e
modelação da produtividade da cultura do milho. Esta técnica permitiu modelar a incerteza espacial da
produtividade com base em mapas de probabilidade com diferentes níveis de confiança. O terceiro estudo
avaliou diferentes cenários de fertilização a partir do rácio produtividade/nutrientes e do breakeven
da produtividade de forma a otimizar, em termos agronómicos, económicos e ambientais, as tomadas de
decisão. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, foi possível obter uma redução substancial dos custos de
produção através da sugestão da aplicação diferenciada da fertilização. Os resultados mostraram que é
possível reduzir os riscos, quer económicos quer ambientais, da atividade agrícola sem grandes alterações
no processo produtivo da exploração agrícola.
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Cohen, Gary Richard. "Strategic competition over school inputs and outputs." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1354542327.
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Böhm, Urs Lucas. "Physiological inputs to cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066196/document.
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Les neurones au contact du liquide céphalorachidien (CSF-cNs) sont des cellules ciliées présentes tout autour du canal central de la moelle épinière. Ces cellules sont GABAergiques, déploient une brosse de microvillosités à l'intérieur de la lumière du canal et sont caractérisées par une expression du canal ionique Pkd2l1. Ceci les désigne comme de potentielles cellules sensorielles. Il a été montré que les CSF-cNs peuvent moduler la locomotion et qu'elles réagissent aux variations de pH in vitro. Cependant les modalités sensorielles transmises par ces cellules et leur implication dans la fonction locomotrice nous échappent encore. Dans ma thèse, j'étudie la fonction sensorielle des CSF-cNs dans la moelle épinière de la larve de poisson zèbre. En combinant le relargage de proton et l'imagerie pH avec l'imagerie calcique, nous avons pu montrer que les CSF-cNs répondent à des pics d'acidification in vivo et que cette réponse persiste dans des mutants pkd2l1. Nous démontrons également que les CSF-cNs ne sont pas activés de façon coordonnée lors de la locomotion fictive. Les mouvements actifs ou passifs de la queue conduisent toutefois à l'activation spécifique des CSF-cNs ipsilatérales de la contraction musculaire. Ces observations suggèrent que les CSF-cNs sont recrutées par une stimulation mécanique. Les mutants pkd2l1 ont montré une diminution de la réponse à la flexion active et passive de la queue et une diminution de la fréquence de battement de la queue. Dans son ensemble, le travail présenté ici met donc en évidence que les CSF-cNs répondent aux variations de pH in vivo et révèle leur rôle d'organe mécanosensoriel permettant la modulation du réseau locomoteur spinalCerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) are ciliated cells surrounding the central canal. These cells are GABAergic, extend a brush of microvilli into the lumen and are specified by the expression of the transient receptor potential ion channel Pkd2l1. The atypical morphology of CSF-cNs and their location make them candidates for sensory cells. It has been shown that CSF-cNs modulate locomotion by projecting onto the locomotor central pattern generators (CPGs) and that CSF-cNs can react to changes of pH in vitro, but the sensory modality these cells convey to spinal circuits and their relevance to locomotion remain elusive. In my thesis I investigate the sensory function of CSF-cNs in the zebrafish larva spinal cord. By combining proton uncaging together with pH imaging and calcium imaging, we could show that CSF-cNs respond to pulses of acidification in vivo and that this response persists in pkd2l1 mutants. Using genetically encoded calcium sensors we showed that CSF-cNs are not coordinately activated during fictive locomotion. Active or passive tail movement, however, led to CSF-cN activation restrained to cells ipsilateral to muscle contraction. These observations suggest that CSF-cNs are recruited by ipsilateral muscle contraction and/or tail torsion. Pkd2l1 mutants showed a decreased response to active and passive bending of the tail and a subtle but consistent decrease of tail-beat frequency was observed in the startle response. Altogether, the presented work shows evidence that CSF-cNs respond to changes in CSF pH and reveals that CSF-cNs constitute a mechanosensory organ which operates during locomotion to modulate spinal CPGs
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Lesworth, Tim. "Atmospheric nutrient inputs to the Atlantic Ocean." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445197.
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Suyadi, Simon Aloysius. "Computing functions of imprecise inputs using query models." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42133.
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Suppose we want to compute some function (such as convex hull or k-th smallest element), but the input values are imprecise. Can we compute the answer? Perhaps we need some of the input values to be more precise. What is the smallest additional input precision we need for each input to compute the function? We explore a model in which a query to an input allows us to uncover one more "unit" of its precision, at unit cost. Unfortunately, we cannot predict the results of a query in advance. This motivates us to study online algorithms that attempt to minimize the number of queries to compute the function. We compare the cost of online algorithms against the minimum query cost to compute the function. We obtain lower bounds on the ratio of these costs for a variety of simple functions, and create algorithms with matching upper bounds. We also consider a kinetic model in which the results of a query become more imprecise over time (i.e., the inputs move) and our goal is to compute the function of the inputs at some fixed time.
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Mohd-Said, Mohd Nizam. "Effects of anthropogenic nitrogen inputs on dune grassland." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285519.
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Feehan, James P. (James Patrick) Carleton University Dissertation Economics. "Tariff financing of public goods and public inputs." Ottawa, 1989.
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Butcher, Phillip John. "Incorporating radiation inputs into an operational snowmelt model." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009.
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Marinov, Darko 1976. "Automatic testing of software with structurally complex inputs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30161.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-132).
Modern software pervasively uses structurally complex data such as linked data structures. The standard approach to generating test suites for such software, manual generation of the inputs in the suite, is tedious and error-prone. This dissertation proposes a new approach for specifying properties of structurally complex test inputs; presents a technique that automates generation of such inputs; describes the Korat tool that implements this technique for Java; and evaluates the effectiveness of Korat in testing a set of data-structure implementations. Our approach allows the developer to describe the properties of valid test inputs using a familiar implementation language such as Java. Specifically, the user provides an imperative predicate--a piece of code that returns a truth value--that returns true if the input satisfies the required property and false otherwise. Korat implements our technique for solving imperative predicates: given a predicate and a bound on the size of the predicate's inputs, Korat automatically generates the bounded-exhaustive test suite that consists of all inputs, within the given bound, that satisfy the property identified by the predicate. To generate these inputs, Korat systematically searches the bounded input space by executing the predicate on the candidate inputs. Korat does this efficiently by pruning the search based on the predicate's executions and by generating only nonisomorphic inputs. Bounded-exhaustive testing is a methodology for testing the code on all inputs within the given small bound.
(cont.) Our experiments on a set of ten linked and array- based data structures show that Korat can efficiently generate bounded-exhaustive test suites from imperative predicates even for very large input spaces. Further, these test suites can achieve high statement, branch, and mutation coverage. The use of our technique for generating structurally complex test inputs also enabled testers in industry to detect faults in real, production-quality applications.
by Darko Marinov.
Ph.D.
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Pacheco, Carlos S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Eclat : automatic generation and classification of test inputs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33855.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-54).
This thesis describes a technique that selects, from a large set of test inputs, a small subset likely to reveal faults in the software under test. The technique takes a program or software component, plus a set of correct executions-say, from observations of the software running properly, or from an existing test suite that a user wishes to enhance. The technique first infers an operational model of the software's operation. Then, inputs whose operational pattern of execution differs from the model in specific ways are suggestive of faults. These inputs are further reduced by selecting only one input per operational pattern. The result is a small portion of the original inputs, deemed by the technique as most likely to reveal faults. Thus, the technique can also be seen as an error-detection technique. The thesis describes two additional techniques that complement test input selection. One is a technique for automatically producing an oracle (a set of assertions) for a test input from the operational model, thus transforming the test input into a test case. The other is a classification-guided test input generation technique that also makes use of operational models and patterns. When generating inputs, it filters out code sequences that are unlikely to contribute to legal inputs, improving the efficiency of its search for fault-revealing inputs.
(cont.) We have implemented these techniques in the Eclat tool, which generates unit tests for Java classes. Eclat's input is a set of classes to test and an example program execution- say, a passing test suite. Eclat's output is a set of JUnit test cases, each containing a potentially fault-revealing input and a set of assertions at least one of which fails. In our experiments, Eclat successfully generated inputs that exposed fault-revealing behavior; we have used Eclat to reveal real errors in programs. The inputs it selects as fault-revealing are an order of magnitude as likely to reveal a fault as all generated inputs.
by Carlos Pacheco.
S.M.
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Dixon, Laura Evelyn. "Investigation of light inputs into plant circadian clocks." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5266.
Full textAbstract:
Circadian clocks are biological signalling networks which have a period of ~24 hours under constant environmental conditions. They have been identified in a wide range of organisms, from cyanobacteria to mammals and through the temporal co-ordination of biological processes are believed to increase individual fitness. The mechanisms which generate these self-sustained rhythms, the pathways of entrainment and the target outputs of the clock are all areas of great interest to circadian biologists. The plant circadian clock is believed to comprise of interlocking feedback loops of transcription and translation. The morning MYB-transcription factors CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) bind to the promoter of TIMING OF CAB2 1 (TOC1) and repress its expression, as well as their own. As levels of CCA1 and LHY fall, TOC1 is expressed and activates the expression of its repressors. This is a simplified version of the known clock components and the current model contains this core loop as well as an interlocked morning and evening loop, which also incorporates some post-translational modification (Chapter 1). Understanding the plant circadian network and its entrainment are the topics of this thesis. The study has focused on two plant species, the land plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the picoeukaryotic marine algae Ostreococcus tauri. In both of these species light-mediated entrainment of the clock has been investigated (Chapter 8), as well as the core circadian mechanism. In A. thaliana the role of a circadian associated gene, EARLY FLOWERING 3 has been a particular focus for investigation, through both experimentation and mathematical models (Chapters 4 and 5). In O. tauri the responses to light signals have been tested, as have the circadian responses to pharmacological manipulation (Chapters 6, 7 and 8). The work presented identifies a role for ELF3 in the repression of circadian genes and also links it with the regulation of protein stability. Likewise, in O. tauri the regulation of protein stability is identified to be a key mechanism for sustaining circadian rhythms. As well as investigating the clock in plants, certain photoreceptors have been characterised in S. cerevisiae with the aim of linking them to a synthetic oscillator. Together the work presented in this thesis provides evidence for the circadian community to aid with the understanding of circadian rhythms in plants, and possibly other organisms.
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Marlow, Gregory. "Week 07, Video 01: Modeling Inputs and Smoothing." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/digital-animation-videos-oer/50.
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Kent, Steven. "Educational inputs and student outcomes in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3822.
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Includes bibliographical references.South Africa has a notoriously inefficient public schooling system. Levels of educational attainment and achievement are low given the large amount of resources devoted to schools. Improving student outcomes requires the examination of both family-back ground factors such as parental education and household income, as well as school-level factors such as class size and teacher quality. The influences of socio-economic status and of race also need to be considered. This dissertation builds on the work of Case and Deaton, Van der Berg and others, using data from the Cape Area Panel study.
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Hoops, Christopher Michael. "Uncertainty Analysis for Control Inputs of Diesel Engines." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282067559.
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Zhang, Yulei. "Computer Experiments with Both Quantitative and Qualitative Inputs." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408042133.
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Logie, Christopher. "Presynaptic control of corticostriatal inputs : role of GABA." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/presynaptic-control-of-corticostriatal-inputs-role-of-gaba(380c8d5b-7dc7-4618-a464-8f7104c4db0c).html.
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The basal ganglia (BG) are a group of nuclei in the basal forebrain critical in movement, goal directed behaviour and action selection. Cortical projections to the largest BG nucleus, the striatum, are highly important in theories of BG function. Therefore, we have investigated the role of striatal neurons in modulating the activity of corticostriatal synapses. In an in-vitro preparation of rodent brain slices, we conducted whole-cell patch clamp recordings of single and pairs of striatal neurons and recorded responses of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) to stimulation of corticostriatal fibres. In the presence of opioid, GABAA, NK1 and cholinergic receptor antagonists, antidromic stimulation of a population of MSNs (5 stims, 50 Hz) caused suppression of subsequently evoked EPSPs in MSNs. This suppression was dependent upon the interval between antidromic MSN stimulation and the stimulation of evoked EPSPs; suppression was larger at 500 ms intervals than at 1 or 2 s intervals. These effects were completely blocked by the GABAB antagonist CGP 52432. Bursts of evoked action potentials (5 APs, 50 Hz) in a single MSN were insufficient to cause these effects in a nearby MSN. Similar spikes in single fast spiking interneurons and low threshold spiking interneurons (LTSIs) were also insufficient. Conversely, single neurogliaform interneurons (NGFIs) could suppress evoked EPSPs in nearby MSNs in a GABAB-dependent manner. This suppression was more likely in NGFI-MSN pairs that exhibited direct GABAergic interactions. We also tested long depolarisations in LTSIs, a protocol that preferentially releases NO, which was shown to suppress evoked EPSPs through a non-GABAergic mechanism. Finally, we tested the application of exogenous NPY to slices, which also inhibited corticostriatal transmission. These results provide the first demonstration of how GABAB receptors at corticostriatal synapses are activated by endogenous GABA released by striatal neurons. They also reveal novel mechanisms through which striatal factors influence these synapses.
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Drangel, Andreas. "Feature extraction from images with augmented feature inputs." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-219073.
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Machine learning models for visual recognition tasks such as image recognition is a common research area as of lately. However, not much research has been made when multiple features are to be extracted from the same input. This thesis researches if and how knowledge about one feature influences model performance of a model classifying another feature, as well as how the similarity and generality of the feature data distributions influences model performance. Incorporating augmentation inputs in the form of extra feature information in image models was found to yield different results depending on feature data distribution similarity and level of generality. Care must be taken when augmenting with features in order for the feature not to be completely redundant or to completely take over in the learning process. Selecting reasonable augmentation inputs might yield desired synergy effects which influences model performance to the better.Maskininlärningsmodeller för uppgifter inom visuellt igenkännande så som bildigenkänning har på senaste tiden varit ett vanligt forskningsområde. Dock har inte mycket forskning fokuserats på att extrahera multipla särdrag från samma inmatning. Detta examensarbete syftar till att undersöka hur kunskap om ett särdrag influerar en modells prestanda som syftar till att klassificera ett annat särdrag, men även hur likhet och generalitet i särdragens datadistribution influerar modellprestanda. Integrering av förstärkande inmatning i form av extra särdragsinformation i bildklassificeringsmodeller visades ge olika resultat beroende på likhet och generalitet av distribution av särdragsdata. Hänsyn måste tas när förstärkande särdrag används för att de förstärkande särdragen inte ska bli helt redundanta eller helt ta över under träningsprocessen. Väljande av rimliga förstärkningssärdrag kan medföra önskade synergieffekter vilket påverkar modellprestandan till det bättre.
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Jamak, Anes. "Stabilization of Discrete-time Systems With Bounded Control Inputs." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/765.
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In this paper we examine the stabilization of LTI discrete-time systems with control input constraints in the form of saturation nonlinearities. This kind of constraint is usually introduced to simulate the effect of actuator limitations. Since global controllability can not be assumed in the presence of constrained control, the controllable regions and their characterizations are analyzed first. We present an efficient algorithm for finding controllable regions in terms of their boundary hyperplanes (inequality constraints). A previously open question about the exact number of irredundant boundary hyperplanes is also resolved here. The main result of this research is a time-optimal nonlinear controller which stabilizes the system on its controllable region. We give analgorithm for on-line computation of control which is also implementable for high-order systems. Simulation results show superior response even in the presence of disturbances.
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Wu, Jianhua. "Role of somatosensory and visual inputs on quiet standing /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Hamasaka, Yasutaka. "Multiple neurotransmitter inputs modulate circadian clock neurons in Drosophila /." Stockholm : Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-947.
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Risley, John. "Predicting runoff and salinity intrusion using stochastic precipitation inputs." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://ezproxy.library.arizona.edu/login?url=.
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Pier, Jerome William 1960. "Optimizing water and nitrogen inputs for trickle irrigated melons." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191173.
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Rising water costs and concern for groundwater contamination are forcing melon growers to improve irrigation and nitrogen fertilization efficiency. The research objectives were: 1) to determine quantities of nitrogen and water applied through a subsurface drip irrigation system to cantaloupe and watermelon which would optimize fruit yield while minimizing losses of nitrogen and; 2) to develop specific monitoring techniques for assessing the water and nitrogen status of melon crops throughout the growing season. Four years of field research were conducted from 1988 to 1991 at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center, Maricopa, AZ. The first two years of research determined which varieties of cantaloupe and watermelon would grow best under drip irrigation and the feasibility of using plant tissue tests to aid in N fertilizer scheduling. The last two years of research used a factorial design with levels of N and target soil water tension to determine response surfaces for fruit yield and net return. Information from tensiometers was used to schedule irrigations. Watermelon petiole nitrate levels at critical growth stages were used to recommend application rates of nitrogen fertilizer. In 1991, an N difference method was used to estimate N which was unaccounted for in this watermelon cropping system. Petiole nitrate levels were highly responsive to N fertilizer treatments and accurately quantified visual observations of crop N status. Petiole nitrate results also indicated that preliminary nitrogen fertilizer management guidelines using a tissue nitrate test was reasonably accurate in predicting optimum nitrogen 'management. Market able yield showed a soil water tension by N interaction. Maximum marketable yield was estimated to be 101 Mg ha⁻¹ at 7.2 kPa tension and 336 kg of applied N ha⁻¹. Maximum net return was estimated to be $8 250 ha⁻¹ when average soil water tension was 10.6 kPa and applied N was 243 kg N ha⁻¹. Unaccountable N was estimated to be 300 kg N ha⁻¹ when N rates were 500 kg ha⁻¹ and average soil water tension was 4 kPa. A response surface was estimated through the transformation and summation of yield, net return and unaccounted for N response variables. The optimum average soil water tension and rate of applied N were 12.6 kPa and 181 kg N ha⁻¹, respectively.
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Pier, J. W., T. A. Doerge, and T. McCreary. "Optimizing Nitrogen and Water Inputs for Trickle Irrigated Watermelons." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214501.
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Rising water costs and concern for groundwater contamination are driving growers to improve irrigation and fertilization efficiency. A tentative Best Management Practice (BMP) for nitrogen fertilization of watermelon, a high water and nitrogen fertilizer use crop, has been developed, but needs further field verification. Information from tensiometers is used to schedule irrigations and watermelon petiole nitrate levels at critical growth stages are used to recommend rates of nitrogen fertilizer to apply with the objective of producing economic yields while limiting conditions which favor nitrate leaching to groundwater. In 1991, a field experiment consisting of a complete 3x4 factorial arrangement of soil moisture tensions, -12, -7 and -4 kPa, and 60, 214 315 and 500 kg N/ha, respectively, applied through a subsurface trickle irrigation system to watermelon was conducted on a Casa Grande sandy loam at the Maricopa Agricultural Center. Petioles were sampled from the youngest mature leaf beginning at the 3-4 leaf stage and then at major growth stages until first harvest. Harvested melons were weighed and soluble solids, dry matter and N uptake were determined on two representative melons from each experimental unit. An estimate of vine dry matter and N uptake was also determined. Soil samples were taken at 30 cm depth intervals to 1.2 m and analyzed for extractable N. A trench profile method was used to determine root distribution patterns for the three soil moisture treatments receiving optimum N. Petiole nitrate levels were highly responsive to N fertilizer treatments and accurately quantified visual observations of crop N status. Petiole nitrate results also indicated that the preliminary tissue nitrate test was adequate in assisting with a nitrogen management program though minor modifications were necessary. Marketable yield showed a tension x N interaction with a ridge of maximum yield occurring from high soil water tension and low N to low soil water tension and high N with yield reductions on either side of the ridge. Yield estimates along the ridge ranged from 101 Mg/ha (45.4 ton /ac) at -8 kPa tension and 280 kg N/ha to 105 Mg/ha (47.3 ton /ac) at -4.4 kPa tension and 376 kg N/ha. A cost return analysis determined that maximum economic returns were $12,059/ha when 311 kg N/ha were applied in conjunction with -6 kPa soil tension (145 cm water). Unaccounted for N, as determined by an N balance method indicated large amounts of N were unaccounted for when high rates of N were applied under wet soil conditions. N loss was concluded to be due to either leaching and/or denitrification under these conditions.
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Thompson, T. L., T. A. Doerge, T. A. McCreary, and J. Rodriguez-Casas. "Nitrogen and Water Inputs for Trickle-Irrigated Winter Vegetables." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214713.
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An experiment was conducted during 1992-93 at the University of Ariwna Maricopa Agricultural Center to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) and water management on yield, midrib nitrate-N, and N and water use efficiency of subsurface trickle-irrigated leaf lettuce, collard, and spinach. The experiment was a randomized complete block factorial with three water levels (deficient, optimum, excessive), four N fertilizer levels (deficient, suboptimal, supraoptimal, excessive) and four replications. Trickle tubing was placed in the center of the beds at 15 cm depth. Irrigation was applied daily as needed to maintain the appropriate target soil water tension and N fertilizer (urea ammonium nitrate solution) was applied in 4 to 5 split applications. Midrib samples were collected for nitrate -N analysis at 4 growth stages, and portions of the plots were harvested when plants were marketable size. The 1992-93 growing season was excessively wet, therefore optimum yields were achieved in the deficient irrigation treatment. The wet conditions apparently led to excessive N losses, therefore high rates of N fertilizer were needed for optimum yields. Nitrogen and water use efficiencies were maximized at low rates of water and fertilizer input. Midrib nitrate-N concentrations were responsive to N fertilizer treatments.
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Garten, Lore Lisa. "Anatomical studies of inputs to the hypothalamo-neurohypophysical system." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386240.
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Hilger, James Daniel. "Contour integration and interpolation geometry, phenomenology, and multiple inputs /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1973074431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Allison, Elizabeth Anastasia Margaret Alice. "Exploring the roles of inputs to hippocampal area CA1." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23453.
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Place cells in the hippocampus fire in specific locations within an environment. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the different inputs to the hippocampus and what they contribute to place cell activity and performance of hippocampus-dependent tasks. Place cell activity can also be modulated by relevant features of a task such as a future destination or trajectory. Initial experiments investigated the origin and function of this trajectory-dependent activity and later experiments targeted the medial entorhinal cortex inputs to the hippocampal formation and investigated what they contributed to place cell activity and behaviour. The purpose of the first study was to determine whether trajectory dependent activity occurs in CA3 in a hippocampus-dependent serial-reversal task on the double-Y-maze and to compare it with that seen in CA1. Place cells in both CA3 and CA1 were recorded in rats trained on a serial-reversal task on a double-Y-maze. Rats were trained to run from a start box through two Y-junctions to one of four goal locations. After 10 trials the reward was moved to a new location, until all the boxes had been rewarded. Previous research has found that 44% of CA1 place cells with fields in the start areas of the maze show trajectory-dependent activity in rats trained on the task. This study found that a similar proportion of CA3 place cells also show trajectory-dependent activity in rats trained on this task and that this activity develops at the same time point as the task is learned. This result suggests that trajectory-dependent activity may be generated earlier in the circuit than CA1. Secondly, the contribution of the nucleus reuniens (N.Re) to spatial tasks was investigated. Previously, trajectory-dependent activity has been found to reach the hippocampus via N.Re, however this was shown in a hippocampus-independent task. To investigate the possible role that this input may play in behaviour, N.Re was lesioned and animals were tested on acquisition and performance of the double-Y-maze serial-reversal task described previously. Surprisingly, lesions had no effects on either learning or performance. Taken together with previous data from other studies, this suggests that trajectory dependent activity is not one unique phenomenon but is rather multiple similar phenomena which may originate in different brain regions and fulfil different roles in navigation depending on the demands of the task. In addition, animals were tested on tasks involving allocentric or egocentric navigation. Results suggest that N.Re may have a role in the selection or performance of allocentric navigation but not egocentric navigation. Thirdly, the role of inputs from the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) to place cells was investigated. Consistent with previous research, MEC lesions resulted in larger, less precise place fields in CA1 place cells. By performing cue-rotation experiments using either distal or proximal cues it was observed that place fields in the MEC lesion animals were not anchored to distal cues but were either stable or anchored to other aspects of the environment. However, place cells in the MEC lesion group still followed proximal cues suggesting that the deficit is restricted to distal landmarks. This suggests that the MEC may process distal landmark information allowing the use of distal landmarks for orientation and self-location within an environment. This thesis contributes a better understanding of the role and origins of trajectory dependent activity as well as a novel finding that the MEC contributes information about distal landmarks to the hippocampus.
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Kossolapov, Artyom. "Transient flow boiling CHF under exponentially escalating heat inputs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119047.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2018.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 41-42).
Reactivity initiated accidents (RIAs) are a potential concern for nuclear reactor safety. In RIA scenarios, following the insertion of positive reactivity, e.g. by an unanticipated extraction of the control rods, the reactor power may increase exponentially. The period of the exponential rise, τ, depends on the amount of positive reactivity inserted, as well as the fuel composition. During such an event, boiling of the water coolant can provide not only an effective way of heat removal, but also a stabilizing, negative reactivity feedback. However, the reactor power could reach extremely high levels and lead to a boiling crisis, e.g. by departure from nucleate boiling (DNB), in turn leading to fuel damage. The aim of the current work is to improve the understanding of transient DNB phenomena. This goal was achieved by running experiments on a specially designed flow boiling platform, which includes high speed video (HSV) and high speed infrared (HSIR) diagnostics. Specifically, the IR radiation recorded by the HSIR camera was analyzed with dedicated post processing algorithms that enable measurements of the time-dependent temperature and heat flux distributions on the boiling surface. Experiments were performed on a flat heater in upward flow conditions at atmospheric pressure. This work explores the effects of flow velocity, liquid subcooling and exponential power escalation period on critical heat flux (CHF). The results show that, for our flow conditions, the CHF value does not depend on the escalation period for periods longer than 100 ms, and is essentially the same as in steady-state boiling. For shorter periods, CHF increases as the escalation period decreases, and the effect of flow velocity becomes less important at short periods. Larger subcooling was shown to increase the CHF at all conditions. For extreme cases of 50 K and 75 K of subcooling the entire heating surface was covered by tiny bubbles. Those bubbles had a very short (less than 50 [mu]s) lifetime and were quenched right after the nucleation. Such behavior prevented bubbles from coalescing and resulted in a very efficient heat transfer mechanism. CHF was observed at much higher values compared to steady boiling conditions, when nucleation site density and bubble size were large enough for the bubble to start coalescing. An interesting effect was observed for very short periods (5, 10 and 20 ms) and low subcoolings (10 K). At those conditions the boiling surface experiences CHF during the growth of the first generation of bubbles. Therefore, the points of ONB and CHF are almost coincident, with CHF delayed only by the time required for adjacent bubbles to coalesce and the microlayer underneath them to evaporate.
by Artyom Kossolapov.
S.M.
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Sánchez, Clara. "BIST test pattern generator based on partitioning circuit inputs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36580.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 33-35).
by Clara Sánchez.
M.Eng.
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Hein, C. "Essays on the effectiveness and production of teacher inputs." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1473201/.
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This thesis conducts cross-country analyses using data from all inhabited continents to examine the support of common expectations based on either Neo-classical Economics or popular beliefs. The first two chapters use SACMEQ data from sub-Saharan Africa. The first chapter argues that changes in class size trigger a number of mechanisms affecting how the pupils’ household, school leaders, teachers and peers behave. These behaviours are highly context-specific and may counterbalance or exacerbate one another. It finds that the main threat to a pupil’s achievement is sharing the teacher with more peers, but that household behaviours can mitigate or even outweigh this threat. The second chapter examines the conditional correlation of observable teacher characteristics and pupil achievement. It argues and demonstrates that previous research using the same data does not sufficiently address the teacher-pupil matching problem and that lacking to do so leads to very different conclusions. The chapter categorises the available observable teacher characteristics as proxies for either subject-matter or pedagogic competency and examines their complementarity by adding interactions between the individual proxies of these two competencies. The evidence suggests these two competencies are substitutes in six of ten countries. The third chapter uses OECD TALIS 2013 data to explore the connection between teachers’ workload and their job satisfaction. It applies a production function approach that combines both Top-down and Bottom-up approaches. It finds that the effect of teachers’ workload measured in hours is negligible. But evidence of the effect of teachers’ perceptions of their workplace from the English sub-sample provides clear evidence that the workplace matters.
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Abiva, Jeannine Therese. "Learning the association of multiple inputs in recurrent networks." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4942.
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In spite of the many discoveries made in neuroscience, the mechanism by which memories are formed is still unclear. To better understand how some disorders of the brain arise, it is necessary to improve our knowledge of memory formation in the brain. With the aid of a biological experiment, an artificial neural network is developed to provide insight into how information is stored and recalled. In particular, the bi-conditional association of distinct spatial and non-spatial information is examined using computational techniques. The thesis defines three versions of a computational model based on a combination of feedforward and recurrent neural networks and a biologically-inspired spike time dependent plasticity learning rule. The ability of the computational model to store and recall the bi-conditional object-space association task through reward-modulated plastic synapses is numerically investigated.
Further, the network's response to variation of certain parameter values is numerically addressed. A parallel algorithm is introduced to reduce the running time necessary to test the robustness of this artificial neural network. The numerical results produced with this algorithm are then analyzed by a statistical approach, and the network's ability for learning is assessed.
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Matevosian, Armond. "Hybrid adaptive feedforward control of structures to seismic inputs." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44969.
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The key conclusions of this research are:
1. The EFXLMS algorithm demonstrated superior performance than the FXLMS
algorithm during fast adaptive processes, in particular for non-stationary inputs.
2. Good attenuation of the peak. and root-mean-square (rms) values of the structural
responses using the hybrid control system were observed for most of the real
accelerograms. It was also observed that the hybrid control system always improved
the performance of the passive control system.
3. Peak. structural responses during sensor failures were observed to increase, in
particular for the failure of the first error sensor. However, the peak. responses during
these failures never reached the peak. values obtained by the system with passive
control. This demonstrated the ability of the control system to contain the structural
responses in light of the error sensor failures.
4. Peak. structural responses during control actuator failures were also observed to
increase, in particular for the failure of the fIrst control actuator ADVAI. However,
the peak. responses during these failures again never reached the peak. values obtained
by the system using passive control. This demonstrated the ability of the control
system to contain the structural responses in light of the control actuator failures.
5. The use of the adaptive control showed greater attenuation of the structural responses
than that observed using the non-adaptive system. This demonstrated that the
adaptive control system corrected for uncertainties and errors in the modeling process.Master of Science
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Cario, Marne C. "Modeling and generating dependent inputs for discrete-event simulation." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1273240608.
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Li, Junyang, and Xueer Xing. "Evaluation of Test Data Generation Techniques for String Inputs." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14798.
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Context. The effective generation of test data is regarded as very important in the software testing. However, mature and effective techniques for generating string test data have seldom been explored due to the complexity and flexibility in the expression form of the string comparing to other data types. Objectives. Based on this problem, this study is to investigate strengths and limitations of existing string test data generation techniques to support future work for exploring an effective technique to generate string test data. This main goal was achieved via two objectives. First is investigating existing techniques for string test data generation; as well as finding out criteria and Classes-Under-Test (CUTs) used for evaluating the ability of string test generation. Second is to assess representative techniques through comparing effectiveness and efficiency. Methods. For the first objective, we used a systematic mapping study to collect data about existing techniques, criteria, and CUTs. With respect to the second objective, a comparison study was conducted to compare representative techniques selected from the results of systematic mapping study. The data from comparison study was analysed in a quantitative way by using statistical methods. Results. The existing techniques, criteria and CUTs which are related to string test generation were identified. A multidimensional categorisation was proposed to classify existing string test data generation techniques. We selected representative techniques from the search-based method, symbolic execution method, and random generation method of categorisation. Meanwhile, corresponding automated test generation tools including EvoSuite, Symbolic PathFinder (SPF), and Randoop, which achieved representative techniques, were selected to assess through comparing effectiveness and efficiency when applied to 21 CUTs. Conclusions. We concluded that: search-based method has the highest effectiveness and efficiency in three selected solution methods; random generation method has a low efficiency, but has a high fault-detecting ability for some specific CUTs; symbolic execution solution achieved by SPF cannot support string test generation well currently due to possibly incomplete string constraint solver or string generator.
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Dixon, Padraig. "Three empirical essays on inputs, institutions and economic growth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:22768563-5bd8-403f-b148-eeb83d140d8a.
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Chapter 1: From "Poorest of the Rich" to "Europe's Shining Light: Accounting for Growth in Ireland, 1980-2001. This chapter applies modern best-practice growth accounting techniques to understand Ireland's remarkable recent economic transformation. This is the first systematic and comprehensive application of growth accounting techniques devoted to examining Irish growth. Different explanations for rapid growth are assessed within this framework, and a variety of hypotheses regarding the sources and nature of the growth are tested. The results, which are compared to the findings of other studies, indicate that Ireland grew because of a substantial increase in labour input and an unprecedented increase in productivity. Chapter 2: A Dynamic heterogeneous Panel Approach to the Equipment- Investment Growth Nexus This chapter studies the relationship between per capita income growth and equipment investment for a broad sample of countries for the years 1960 to 1990. The original contribution of this chapter is to model the relationship between equipment and growth using recently developed econometric techniques that allow for slope and intercept heterogeneity, and to examine whether allowing for heterogeneity in this fashion alters the conclusions of prior research in this area. The results, generated by an equilibrium correction mechanism framework which allows for these forms of heterogeneity, do indicate that the conclusions of some of the earlier work regarding the relationship between equipment and growth may have been misplaced. Chapter 3: Did Labour Institutions Contribute to the Golden Age of Economic Growth? This chapter studies the "Golden Age" of economic growth, a period of rapid growth which took place in many industrialized economies after the second World War. Specifically, this chapter tests new theories concerning the influence of labour institutions in sustaining a macroeconomic environment characterized by high output growth, high investment, and rapid productivity growth. The chapter utilises a recently created of dataset labour institution variables, and models the relationship between economic growth and these variables in a dynamic panel which is estimated using the 3SLS systems estimator approach, which allows institutions to have a direct effect on growth as well as an indirect effect through their influence on investment. The results indicate that institutions did play a role in shaping the growth of this period.