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Journal articles on the topic 'Inscriptions, Buddhist'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Parvin, Samad P., Saeid S. Sattarnejad, and Elham H. Hendiani. "The Victory of Islam over the Buddhist Religion (Reviewing the Inscriptions of the Shrine of Imamzadeh Mulla “Ma’sum” of Maragheh)." Golden Horde Review 8, no. 4 (2020): 636–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2020-8-4.636-646.

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Research objectives: The main purpose of this article is to study the Quranic inscription of the Imamzadeh Ma’sum Temple in Maragheh. This inscription shows the evolution of religious beliefs during the Ilkhanid period in Iran which started from the seventh century AH and continued until the eighth century AH. The main religions of the Ilkhanid rulers were Buddhism and Christianity, but they gradually adopted Islam as the official religion of government. The influence of the process of conversion has left traces in some of the inscriptions of this period. Another purpose of this study is to i

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Song, Ting, and Yuanlin Wang. "Stone Inscriptions as Mirror Images: Historical Details of Tang Dynasty Buddhism in the Luoyang Region." Religions 14, no. 12 (2023): 1493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14121493.

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For a long time, scholarly research on Buddhism in Luoyang during the Tang Dynasty has mainly focused on eminent monks and Buddhist temples. This focus is evident in the recorded literature of ancient times, such as The Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks and The Biographies of Eminent Monks. Based on stone inscriptions, this paper examines the dissemination and development of Buddhism in the Eastern Capital of Luoyang during the Tang Dynasty. This article presents the following viewpoints and findings: Firstly, the epitaphs and pagoda inscriptions provide historical details that are not wi

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Kuzmin, Nikita. "Pilgrimage in Western Xia: Research on Tangut Wall Inscriptions in the Mogao and Yulin Caves." Written Monuments of the Orient 9, no. 1S (2023): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55512/wmo569219.

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The Tanguts who established Western Xia (982–1227) were active and devoted Buddhist pilgrims. They visited the Buddhist cave complexes of Mogao and Yulin in the Greater Dunhuang area and left several hundred lines of wall inscriptions. The paper examines various types of the remaining Tangut pilgrimage inscriptions and formulates their common textual formula. The comparative study of the resemblant Chinese, Tangut, and Uyghur inscriptions reveals their structural and vocabulary similarities and suggests the existence of the multilingual “inscriptional discourse” in the greater Dunhuang area in

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Nasoichah, Churmatin. "Latar Belakang Penulisan Prasasti Tandihat II Pada Paha Kiri Depan Arca Singa." Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala 11, no. 21 (2018): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/bas.v11i21.226.

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Davis, Jordan. "Buddhist Epigraphy and Traditions of Writing in the Northern Dynasties." Journal of Chinese Literature and Culture 7, no. 2 (2020): 287–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/23290048-8745632.

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Abstract Over the past several decades, hundreds of donor inscriptions (zaoxiangji 造像記) and works of Buddhist epigraphy have been discovered, making them an abundant historical source on medieval China. To date, research related to these artifacts has mainly concentrated on the religious and political function of these inscriptions. This article, considering the literary and cultural aspects of these pieces, investigates how Buddhist epigraphy can be used to trace the development of traditions of writing during the Northern Dynasties period. It starts by analyzing a seldom-researched inscripti

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Datta, Sanjukta. "Building for the Buddha: Patrons in the Pa-la Kingdom." Studies in History 35, no. 2 (2019): 162–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0257643019844620.

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In conventional historiography, kings of the Pa-la dynasty are celebrated for upholding the last bastion of Buddhism in early medieval eastern India. The article demonstrates, on the basis of epigraphic evidence, that along with royal patrons, there were other categories of benefactors actively involved in the building and sustenance of Buddhist establishments. In fact, compared to the brief epigraphic history of royal patronage, there is a more sustained record of support provided to Buddhist establishments by subordinate rulers and Buddhist monks in the Pa-la domain. Through a close analysis

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Deegalle, Mahinda. "Buddhist Preaching and Sinhala Religious Rhetoric: Medieval Buddhist Methods to Popularize Theravāda." Numen 44, no. 2 (1997): 180–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568527972629858.

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AbstractBuddhist preaching is one of the most neglected areas in modern scholarship. In Buddhist societies, though varieties of preaching rituals are found, existing scholarly literature contains only scattered and often inadequate or misleading references to Buddhist preaching. Since both historians of religions and Buddhologists have tended to ignore the role of Buddhist preachers and preaching in Theravāda Buddhism, this paper stresses the importance of paying attention to ‘preaching’ in developing a holistic understanding of Sinhala Buddhism.Focusing on the term ‘bana,’ this paper examines

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Tsewang Dolkar, Tsewang Dolkar. "The Arrival of Buddhism in Ladakh from Kashmir: A Historical Analysis." Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science 13, no. 3 (2025): 209–11. https://doi.org/10.35629/9467-1303209211.

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The transmission of Buddhism from Kashmir to Ladakh marks a significant chapter in the religious and cultural history of the region. This paper examines the historical roots of Buddhism in Ladakh, tracing its origins from Kashmir and analyzing the role played by Buddhist missionaries, trade routes and royal patronage. By drawing on archaeological evidence, inscriptions, and literary sources, the study explores the integration of Mahayana Buddhism in Ladakh and the influence of Kashmiri artistic and religious traditions. The paper also considers the role of Silk Route in disseminating Buddhist

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Collett, Alice. "Nirvana in Early Buddhist Inscriptions." Buddhist Studies Review 36, no. 2 (2020): 221–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsrv.40416.

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Nirv??a is often considered the quintessential goal of the Buddhist path. In this article, I focus on one aspect of the conceptualization of nirv??a that becomes apparent through an analysis of its occurrence in early Indian epigraphy. Surveying pre-Gupta inscriptions, it becomes clear that the aspiration for nirv??a has one recurring feature attached to it; the aspiration of the donor for the attainment of nirv??a — whether for themselves or others — occurs when the donation is connected in some way or another to the relics or figural or non-figural representations of the historical Buddha. T

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Birnbaum, Raoul. "Highland Inscriptions in Buddhist China." T’oung Pao 103, no. 1-3 (2017): 261–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685322-10313p07.

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Medhācitto, Tri Saputra, Deniyaye Pannaloka, and Satyajit Barua. "UNVEILING KING ASOKA’S LEGACY." Jurnal Pencerahan 17, no. 1 (2024): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.58762/jupen.v17i1.146.

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This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding on the Asoka’s inscriptions, examining the contents, languages and objectives of the inscriptions. This research is a qualitative research carried out with library approach, in which the data are gathered from sources like books, journals, articles and relevant researches by scholars. The Buddhist literatures including Sri Lankan chronicles are also used to provide the information about the figure of King Asoka and his contributions to Buddhism. This research proves that the King Asoka was a significant figure in the Indian history, w

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Griffiths, Arlo. "Written traces of the Buddhist past:MantrasandDhāraṇīs in Indonesian inscriptions". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 77, № 1 (2014): 137–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x14000056.

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AbstractThis article examines a group of ten Indonesian inscriptions citing a range ofgāthās,mantras anddhāraṇīs. The texts, contextualized and in some cases read and identified for the first time, underline the pan-Asian character of Buddhism and the integral place the Indonesian archipelago once held in the ancient Buddhist world. The identification of the sources of several of these texts in known Sanskrit scriptures raises the question whether some of these texts, none of which survives as such in the archipelago, were once transmitted there in manuscript form.

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Collett, Alice. "Nirv??a in Early Buddhist Inscriptions." Buddhist Studies Review 36, no. 2 (2020): 221–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsr.40416.

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Nirv??a is often considered the quintessential goal of the Buddhist path. In this article, I focus on one aspect of the conceptualization of nirv??a that becomes apparent through an analysis of its occurrence in early Indian epigraphy. Surveying pre-Gupta inscriptions, it becomes clear that the aspiration for nirv??a has one recurring feature attached to it; the aspiration of the donor for the attainment of nirv??a — whether for themselves or others — occurs when the donation is connected in some way or another to the relics or figural or non-figural representations of the historical Buddha. T

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Revire, Nicolas. "“Intrusive Art” at Ajaṇṭā in the Late Middle Period: The Case of Bhadrāsana Buddhas". Religions 13, № 9 (2022): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13090771.

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Following the apparent chaos that ensued at Ajaṇṭā during the so-called “period of disruption” in the wake of King Hariṣeṇa’s death (ca. 478–480 CE), local monks and residents in the caves continued to sponsor the donation of what we term “intrusive” images after the late Walter Spink. These new donations consisted of hundreds of Buddha images, a few of which retain today painted or incised dedicatory inscriptions in Sanskrit. Many of these images represent the Buddha preaching and seated in the “auspicious pose” (bhadrāsana) on the conventional lion throne with his legs down. In this article,

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Ul Wahab, Zain. "Catalyst of Enlightenment: The Strategic Roles of Ashoka and Gandhara in Shaping and Disseminating Mahayana Buddhism." Subhasita: Journal of Buddhist and Religious Studies 2, no. 2 (2025): 121–34. https://doi.org/10.53417/subhasita.143.

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This study examines the roles of King Ashoka and the Gandhara region in the dissemination and institutionalization of Buddhism, with a particular focus on their contributions to Mahayana Buddhism. The research aims to understand how Ashoka's promotion of Dhamma (moral teachings) and Gandhara's cultural synthesis facilitated the spread of Buddhist teachings across Asia. Using a qualitative methodology, the study draws upon historical and archaeological sources, including Ashoka's inscriptions at Shahbaz Garhi and Chanako Dheri, as well as secondary data from academic literature. Data were colle

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Muzraeva, Delyash N. "About the Collection of Tibetan and Mongolian Written Sources Donated to the Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAN by E. B. Ubushiev: Using Donation Inscriptions to Touch Up the Portrait of Donator." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2018): 1206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-4-1206-1216.

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The article studies documents from the scientific archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences with its acquisitions of late 1960s – early 1980s. Collection of old-written sources in Oriental languages (Tibetan, Oyirad and Mongolian) occupies a special place in the archival collection; it is concentrated in 2 fonds (fond 15 and 8). Fond 15 consists of personal library of a famous Kalmyk priest Tugmyud-gavji (O. M. Dordzhiev) (1887—1980); it has been well-studied in a number of publications. As for fond 8, it consists of handwritten and printed materials acquired f

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von Hinüber, Oskar. "The Adhālaka-Mahācetiya at Kanaganahalli as a Political Monument." Indo-Iranian Journal 66, no. 2 (2023): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15728536-06602004.

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Abstract The discovery of the Adhālaka-Mahācetiya, whose name survives in various inscriptions from the site, is among the major archaeological finds in India during the 20th century. Numerous excellently preserved images and inscriptions have substantially broadened the knowledge of Buddhist art, and, perhaps more important, allow certain conclusions on the relationship of the Buddhist Saṃgha and the ruling Śātavāhana dynasty. When comparing the corpora of inscriptions within the world of images found at other previously known Buddhist sites such as Sāñcī or Nāgārjunakoṇḍa, Kanaganahalli emer

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Gozheva, Natalia A. "“Lord of the Gold Turtle”, or The Myanmar Lacquers’ Inscriptions from the State Museum of Oriental Art Collection." Oriental Courier, no. 3 (2023): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s268684310028132-3.

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Features of the peculiar “lacquer epigraphy” of Myanmar, i. e. lacquer inscriptions are considered in the paper on examples of artworks from the collection of the State Museum of Oriental Art. The appearance of inscriptions in lacquer art, called pan-yun in Myanmar, dates to the ancient tradition of accompanying cult monuments with donor texts, which was largely associated with the Buddhist idea of acquiring merit that affects a person’s future life. In the medieval period, lacquerware’s inscriptions were applied mainly to religious objects, and only in the 20th century did they become traditi

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Willis, Michael. "Buddhist Saints in Ancient Vedisa." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 11, no. 2 (2001): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186301000244.

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AbstractThe Buddhist saints, that are the subject of this article, are known from a series of inscribed reliquaries collected by Alexander Cunningham and F. C. Maisey at Sanchi and neighbouring sites in central India. The inscriptions, dating to the circa early first century BC, have been known since readings of them were first published the mid-nineteenth century. The detailed re-examination of the records presented in this article shows that the reliquary inscriptions give special prominence to five Buddhist saints. The names given correspond to the five missionaries who, according to Pali s

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Fleming, Benjamin J. "Making Land Sacred: Inscriptional Evidence for Buddhist Kings and Brahman Priests in Medieval Bengal." Numen 60, no. 5-6 (2013): 559–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685276-12341285.

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AbstractIn research on premodern South Asia, land-grant inscriptions have typically been mined for historical and geographical data. This article suggests that copperplate land-grant inscriptions may also provide an overlooked source of evidence for ideas about sacred space within and between South Asian religions. It focuses on inscriptions recording the granting of land by Buddhist kings to Brahman priests in medieval Bengal, and it hones in on the literary, oral, ritual, and performative elements of the inscriptions in relation to the spaces delineated by acts of granting. Drawing upon broa

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Yang, Xiao. "Between North and South: Buddhist Cliff Sculpture in Northern Sichuan in the First Half of the Seventh Century CE." Religions 15, no. 9 (2024): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15091123.

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In the first half of the seventh century CE, clusters of Buddhist cliff sculptures were carved into cliffs and boulders in Guangyuan, Mianyang, Bazhong, and other locations nestled in the northern Sichuan Basin. They mark the start of large-scale Buddhist grotto construction in Sichuan, significantly impacting the establishment of regional grotto traditions in southwestern China. Through analysis of site forms, statue types, and devotional inscriptions, this article argues that these Buddhist cliff sculptures represent a reintegration of divergent Buddhist practices and artistic conventions th

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Napitupulu, Merlin Helentina, Qhodari Qhodari, and Venroy Venroy. "Unearthing Linguistic and Historical Treasures: Analysis of Traces of Pro-to-Austronesian in Ancient Malay Inscriptions from Hindu-Buddhist Antiq-uities in Padang Lawas, North Sumatra." Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Humaniora 12, no. 2 (2023): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/jiph.v12i2.34.

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This research delves into the linguistic and historical dimensions of Padang Lawas, a region in North Sumatra, Indonesia, by conducting an in-depth analysis of ancient Malay inscriptions originating from Hindu-Buddhist antiquities. The central objective of the study is to identify traces of Proto-Austronesian, the ancestral language of the Austronesian language family, within these inscriptions and to place them within their broader historical and cultural context. The linguistic analysis begins with the identification of linguistic features, including vocabulary, phonological elements, and sy

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Ji, Hui-ying. "A Study of the Structural Composition of Relic Containers Excavated from China's Jingzhi Temple Pagoda and the Characteristics of Relic Veneration." Society for the Study of Early Korean History 49 (April 30, 2025): 395–427. https://doi.org/10.35160/sjekh.2025.4.49.395.

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This study examines the significant role of relic deposition in Buddhism, which not only left behind a wealth of Buddhist relics and cultural artifacts for posterity but also provides critical insights into the evolution and transformation of relic container systems in China. The relic containers excavated from the subterranean palace of the Jingzhi Temple tower base in northern Hebei Province comprise artifacts that appear to have been deposited continuously from the Northern Wei through the Sui, Tang, and Northern Song dynasties. The rare occurrence of relic containers from multiple dynastie

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Lindtner, Chr. "Buddhist Inscriptions of Andhradesa. B.S.L. Hanumantha Rao, N. S. Ramachandra Murthy, B. Subrahmanyam, E. Sivanagi Reddy." Buddhist Studies Review 16, no. 2 (1999): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsrv.v16i2.14658.

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Alnoza, Muhamad. "Konsep Raja Ideal pada Masa Sriwijaya Berdasarkan Bukti-Bukti Tertulis." Jumantara: Jurnal Manuskrip Nusantara 11, no. 2 (2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37014/jumantara.v11i2.1041.

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The king in the Hindu-Buddhist era had such a big role for his people. The ideal king is needed by the people so that the country becomes prosperous. The concept of an ideal king has been known for a long time in the archipelago, even since before Hindu-Buddhist culture developed. In Java and Bali the ideal king is described in the Astabrata Concept. The concept of an ideal king in Srivijaya has never been discussed by researchers, even though Srivijaya was one of the ruling kingdoms in Indonesia during the early Hindu-Buddhist era. This study discusses about concept of the ideal king that dev

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Tournier, Vincent. "A Tide of Merit." Indo-Iranian Journal 61, no. 1 (2018): 20–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15728536-06101003.

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Abstract Stressing the importance of 5th–6th-century copper-plate charters connected to the Viṣṇukuṇḍin dynasty for the history of Buddhism in Āndhradeśa, this article demonstrates that, contrary to earlier scholarly assumptions, and despite the paucity of archeological evidence for Buddhist activity at that time, Buddhist lineages still benefitted from lavish donations by ruling families. This study consists of three parts: the first explores the representation of two Viṣṇukuṇḍin rulers as Buddhist kings, and shows how their portraits and their aspirations are permeated by the ideology of the

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Lee, Byongho. "Tracing the Origin of Japan’s First Buddhist Temple: Japan’s Asukadera Viewed through the Lens of the Korean Paekche Kingdom Temple Site of Wanghŭng-sa." Religions 13, no. 9 (2022): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13090846.

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The beginning of the construction of Japan’s first large-scale Buddhist temple, Asukadera 飛鳥寺, in 588, marks an important turning point in the ancient history of Japan. The construction of a Buddhist temple was a major event through which Japanese people, who had believed in traditional indigenous religion, came to embrace Buddhism, one of the major world religions. Inscribed śarīra reliquaries were discovered from the wooden pagoda site at the Wanghŭng-sa 王興寺 in Puyŏ. According to these inscriptions, Wanghŭng-sa was built in 577, 11 years before the establishment of Asukadera in 588. Based on

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AMAR, ABHISHEK S. "Buddhist Responses to Brāhmaṇa Challenges in Medieval India: Bodhgayā and Gayā". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 22, № 1 (2012): 155–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186311000769.

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The sixth to twelfth centuries of the common era were marked by intense religious activity in all parts of India. In the Paramāra kingdom – the main focus of the articles in this special issue – the dominant religious forces were Jainism and the Śaiva traditions of Hinduism. While Buddhism was certainly present in central India, archaeological remains, inscriptions and post-medieval narratives suggest its role was much diminished compared to the early historic period. In substantial contrast, Buddhism remained a vibrant force in eastern India. Bodhgayā, as the site of the Buddha's enlightenmen

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Zhao, Jinchao. "Connecting the Sacred: Network Analysis of Buddhist Images on Early Medieval Chinese Pagodas from Nannieshui, Shanxi." Religions 14, no. 5 (2023): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14050625.

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The production of stone sculptures in the form of statues, steles, and pagodas was arguably one of the most prominent forms of Buddhist devotion in early medieval China. The abundant Buddhist imagery and devotional inscriptions adorning their surfaces provide rich information on their creation, commission, consecration, and worship, which is essential for comprehending the local community’s religious landscape. This paper employs a network analysis approach to visualize and analyze the spatial arrangement of Buddhist images on the surfaces of pagodas from Nannieshui 南涅水, Shanxi 山西 Province. Ne

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Wang, Naomi. "A Malay Queen’s Siamese Silver Bowl at the V&A." Journal of the Siam Society 112, no. 1 (2024): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.69486/112.1.2024.13.

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This notice examines a nielloware silver bowl at the V&A Museum, originally from southern Thailand. Using Jawi inscriptions, the notice unravels the bowl’s significance as a royal Malay heirloom. The bowl’s intricate scenes depict Hindu–Buddhist mythical creatures and celestial beings. The royal seal found on the base is attributed to Queen Tengku Ambung Fatimah (r. 1883‒?). Another Jawi inscription traces a lineage, identifying two other royal women, Engku Besar and Engku Lebar as previous owners. The bowl was eventually dispersed from the Riau–Lingga court, likely after the sultanate was

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Lee, Seunghye. "The Dhāraṇī Coffin from the Nongso Tomb and the Cult of Shattering Hell during the Koryŏ Dynasty". Religions 14, № 1 (2023): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14010121.

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Inscriptions of Buddhist mantras and dhāraṇīs were interred in Chinese tombs on behalf of the deceased from the Tang dynasty onward as the fear of postmortem judgment and punishment in the ten courts of hell became firmly rooted. This notion of the afterlife and the practice of enclosing dhāraṇī inscriptions in tombs seem to have been received by Korean Buddhists by the beginning of the Koryŏ (918–1392). This paper, through a close examination of a wooden inner coffin excavated in 2014 from a tomb in Nongso-myŏn, Ullim-ri, Sunch’ang-gun, North Chŏlla Province of Korea, sheds new light on the u

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Schneider, Nicola. "Editorial: Gender Asymmetry and Nuns’ Agency in the Asian Buddhist Traditions." Religions 14, no. 2 (2023): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14020285.

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Looking at early Indian Buddhist texts and inscriptions, we can generally find gender pairing within the terminology deployed, a situation which is replicated in many texts related to monastic discipline (Vinaya) and in teachings addressed by the Buddha to either his male or female disciples (Skilling 2001) [...]

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Rohana, Melda Amelia, Aria Putra, and Syaifudin Syaifudin. "Membaca Ken Angrok dalam Kacamata Teori Kebenaran." Fajar Historia: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah dan Pendidikan 9, no. 1 (2025): 29–41. https://doi.org/10.29408/fhs.v9i1.27454.

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Ken Angrok or Sri Ranggah Rajasa Amurwabhumi is one of the famous historical figures during the Hindu-Buddhist kingdom as the founder of the Singhasari or Tumapel kingdom, which was established in 1222. Although his figure is very well-known, the origin and truth of his story cannot be ascertained because no primary source has been found in the form of an inscription issued directly by Ken Angrok. Sources that explain and mention Ken Angrok are non-contemporary sources, namely the Pararaton and Negarakrtagama kakawins, as well as inscriptions from the Wisnuwarddhana era (the fourth king of Sin

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Sokolova, Anna, та Ann Heirman. "A Missing Buddhist Biography: Li Yong 李邕 (678–747) and His Stele Inscription for Daoxuan 道宣 (596–667)". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 73, № 3 (2020): 419–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/062.2020.00018.

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ABSTRACTThe first recorded biography of Daoxuan 道宣 (596–667) – regarded as the de facto founder of the Vinaya ‘school’ in China – was a stele inscription composed by the scholar-official Li Yong 李邕 (678–747). No longer extant, this inscription was the main biographical source on Daoxuan until the Song Dynasty as well as Zanning’s 贊寜 (919–1001) primary source for his entry on Daoxuan in the Song gaoseng zhuan 宋高僧傳 (Biographies of Eminent Monks [Compiled] under the Song Dynasty). This paper investigates how Li Yong engaged with a monastic community headed by Daoxuan’s disciples in the prefecture

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v. Hinüber, O. "Some Buddhist Donors and Their Families." Indo-Iranian Journal 61, no. 4 (2018): 353–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15728536-06104003.

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AbstractFrom the very beginning the Buddhist order was dependent on donations, which were attractive for laypeople because of the merit thus accumulated. Therefore, names of donors were carefully documented in both, inscriptions, and, as soon as manuscripts are extant, also in colophons. Sometimes joint donations were made by families, whose members are named, under lucky circumstances even with an indication of their mutual relation such as parents, brothers, sisters etc. as participating in the merit made. This allows occasionally glimpses of the composition of average families and estimatin

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Bayanova, Alexandra Т., та Aisa O. Doleeva. "Рукописи К. Ларионова и К. Малишевского как одни из первых источников изучения буддийских наскальных изображений Тамгалытаса на реке Или". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 12, № 1 (2020): 72–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2020-1-72-89.

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Introduction. The paper deals with the unique Buddhist culture complex of Tamgaly Tas located in the Ili River Valley, in the vicinity of Kapchagay (present-day Talgar District of Almaty Region). The carvings of pictures and inscriptions have been investigated for over a century and a half since the locality was visited by the renown Kazakh scholar, ethnographer and traveler Sh. Walikhanov. Goals. The work introduces into scientific discourse manuscript reports by the military topographer K. Larionov and Orientalist K. Malishevsky. Results. The article analyzes the research historiography, pub

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Thin, Thin Aye. "A Study of Bell Inscriptions on the Shwedagon Pagoda's Platform." Dagon University Research Journal Vol.6, no. 2014 (2019): Pg.77–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3547113.

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It is a customary for Buddhist to hit the Bell and share their accumulated merits with all sentient beings after performing meritorious deeds. The ringing sound of the bell is very pleasant to every being including human being, deities, and Brahmana that it instigates to arise faithful and joyous feeling. It was a study and presentation of the bell inscriptions found on the platform of four cardinal side of the Shwedagon pagoda platform. There are also the thirty-one big bells hung on four cardinal sides. The names, addresses and the level of designations and positions of the donors, the weigh

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Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi. "The Depiction of Heaven and Hell in the Karmawibangga Reliefs of Borobudur Temple: An Overview of Character Education." Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 2, no. 4 (2021): 568–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v2i4.344.

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Karmawibhangga comes from the words karma and wibhangga. If karma can literally be interpreted as actions that come from causes and cause effects, then wibhangga is a designation for one of the holy books in Buddhism (Buddhist scripture). Literally karma can be interpreted as actions that come from causes and cause effects. In Buddhism, karma is the basic doctrine formulated and taught by Siddhartha Gautama. According to this doctrine, every living being has karma, both generated by himself and inherited from his ancestors. It is this karma that has caused samsara and is a barrier to attaining

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Surowen, D. A. "INFLUENCE OF BUDDHISM ON THE EXPANSION OF WRITING IN THE MID SIXTH CENTURY YAMATO." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 4 (December 23, 2018): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-4-79-92.

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The article features the influence of Buddhism, which appeared in Japan in the first half of the VI century, on the expansion of writing and written culture in Yamato. The author believes that the Chinese dynastic stories underestimated the expansion of writing in Japan during the VI century in their wish to link the appearance of the written language with Buddhism, which contradicts the finds of ancient Japanese epigraphic inscriptions on swords and mirrors made in the V century. The confusion in the Chinese sources probably arose from the ancient tradition of talking knots and cuts on wooden

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Hameed, Abdul, Anas Mahmud Arif, and Adnan Anwar. "Potential of Religious Tourism in District Mansehra with Special Reference to the Buddhist Heritage." Global Regional Review VII, no. I (2022): 209–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2022(vii-i).20.

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District Mansehra of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province is located in a very important strategic position. The district has been at crossroads since ancient times, thus welcoming and accommodating several dynasties with diverse cultural and religious backgrounds. The archaeological remains belonging to different religions recently reported from Mansehra have immense potential to attract religious pilgrims. Of these, the Buddhist heritage occupies the most important position. The Buddhist Heritage sites include stupas, monasteries, wells, water tanks, inscriptions, and paintings. With immense religiou

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Gupta, Dr Akanksha, and Dr Archana Gupta. "India’s Archaeological Tapestry: From Prehistoric Settlements to Buddhist Monasteries." International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities 06, no. 04 (2025): 148–57. https://doi.org/10.47505/ijrss.2025.4.12.

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Indian archaeology is a multidisciplinary field that unveils the profound cultural, religious, and historical heritage of the subcontinent. From prehistoric settlements to colonial-era discoveries, it spans a wide range of studies including ancient civilizations, religious monuments, inscriptions, coins, and architectural developments. The Indus Valley Civilization exemplifies early urban planning, advanced trade networks, and sophisticated governance systems. The Buddhist period significantly enriched Indian archaeology, leaving behind monastic complexes, stupas, and rock-cut caves that offer

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Vermeersch, Sem. "Representation of the Ruler in Buddhist Inscriptions of Early Koryo." Korean Studies 26, no. 2 (2002): 216–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ks.2004.0014.

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Shakya, Kabir. "Twelve Lokeśvara Images at Hiranyavarṇa Mahāvihāra, Patan, Nepal". Lumbini Prabha 10 (16 травня 2025): 335–48. https://doi.org/10.3126/lumbinip.v10i1.78848.

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The Hiranyavarṇa Mahāvihāra, commonly known as the Golden Temple, is one of the most significant monastic complexes in Patan, Nepal. Among its rich artistic and religious heritage, the twelve Lokeśvara images stand out as unique embodiments of Newar Buddhist iconography. This article explores the iconographical features of these twelve Lokeśvaras, focusing on their stylistic, symbolic, and ritualistic significance. By examining the artistic elements, inscriptions, and associated legends, this study situates these representations within the broader context of Newar Buddhist art and practice. Th

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Rakai Hino, Raka. "Instructional Media in the XV Century (A Case Study of Widodaren, Gerba, and Pasrujambe Inscriptions)." Berkala Arkeologi 40, no. 1 (2020): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30883/jba.v40i1.499.

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This study was aimed at analyzing and interpreting the instructional media existing in the classical period of the Hindu - Buddhist kingdoms. The object of the study was inscriptions found on the Semeru Slope, inclduing Widodaren, Pasrujambe, and Gerba. This study employed a qualitative method with an archeological-historical framework. The data was collected through a literature review and in-situ research of the inscriptions. The collected data was analyzed using a structural analysis in the forms of transliteration of the contents and meaning written at the inscriptions. The study found tha

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Revire, Nicolas. "Dvāravatī and Zhenla in the seventh to eighth centuries: A transregional ritual complex." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 47, no. 3 (2016): 393–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463416000254.

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The paradigm that the early Southeast Asian polities known as Dvāravatī and Zhenla were respectively, indeed almost exclusively, Buddhist and Hindu/Brahmanical during the second half of the first millennium CE has long remained uncontested. In this reappraisal, however, arguments are presented that challenge this general scholarly opinion. A thorough reassessment of the material culture and inscriptions from these two neighbouring regions of mainland Southeast Asia tempers such clear-cut compartmentalisation and instead emphasises the complex and evolving nature of the religion of that age thr

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СТОЯКИН, М. А. "BUDDHIST RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE OF THE KOGURYO PERIOD." Гуманитарные науки в Сибири 31, no. 1 (2024): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15372/hss20240104.

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В статье рассматриваются особенности буддийской культовой архитектуры в раннесредневековом государстве Когурё. Для этого обобщена доступная информация из немногочисленных корейских средневековых письменных источников и эпиграфики периода Когурё. Информация из них дополнена археологическими данными с территории современной КНДР, где выявлены основные объекты культовой архитектуры Когурё. Важное место занимают новые результаты раскопок буддийских храмов китайскими археологами в бассейне р. Туманган, которые позволяют дополнить сведения о развитии буддизма в отдаленных регионах Когурё. Рассмотрен

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Liyanarachchi, Gregory A. "Accounting in ancient Sri Lanka: some evidence of the accounting and auditing practices of Buddhist monasteries during 815—1017 AD." Accounting History 14, no. 1-2 (2009): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1032373208098554.

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This article identifies evidence of the accounting and auditing practices that prevailed in ancient Sri Lanka (from 815 to 1017 AD) and discusses motives for using such practices by a religious institution. The archival method is used to collect data. The main sources of data collected are detailed translations of rock inscriptions, which have been carried out by various personnel. Archival evidence shows that the Buddhist monasteries were required to keep accounting records and to annually read these records aloud publicly. Considering the peculiar nature of the Buddhist monastery, this study

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Salomon, Richard, Cristina Scherrer-Schaub, and Stefan Baums. "Buddhist Inscriptions from Termez (Uzbekistan): A New Comprehensive Edition and Study." Indo-Iranian Journal 55, no. 2 (2012): 139–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/001972412x620204.

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Skilling, Peter. "Calligraphic Magic." Buddhist Studies Review 35, no. 1-2 (2018): 161–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsrv.36759.

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The article presents five fifteenth- to sixteenth-century Pali inscriptions from Sukhodaya, Thailand. Three of them are engraved in the Khom alphabet on large square stone slabs, with considerable attention to format; they seem to be unique in Thai epigraphy. Two of these carry extracts from the Abhidhamma; the third gives a syllabary followed by the recollection formulas of the Three Gems. The other two epigraphs are written not on stone slabs but are inscribed on small gold leaves; they contain the heart formulas of the books of the Tipi?aka and the qualities of the Buddha, Dhamma, and Sa?gh

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Wirasanti, Niken. "Local Cultural Identity Markers in Bagelen during the Ancient Java." Indonesian Historical Studies 6, no. 1 (2022): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ihis.v6i1.13425.

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This research explored the cultural traces of the Ancient Mataram community in South Kedu, Bagelen region, Central Java. There are abundant archaeological data on this issue: Hindu and Buddhist statues, lingga-yoni, lingga pathok, rings, lamps, and five inscriptions, namely the Watukura (902 AD, Kayu Ara Hiwang (911 AD), Sipater (circa 900 AD), Ayam Têas (901 AD), and Pendem (881 AD). In addition, there are more than 26 archaeological sites in the Bagelen region. Statues, lingga-yoni, lamps, rings, are correlated with the contents of the inscriptions, hence it shows how the system and the soci

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