Academic literature on the topic 'Insect guild'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Insect guild.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Insect guild"
1
Shea, Patrick J. "PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECT COMPLEX ASSOCIATED WITH CONES OF WHITE FIR, ABIES CONCOLOR (GORD. AND GLEND.) LINDL., AND ITS IMPACT ON SEED PRODUCTION." Canadian Entomologist 121, no. 8 (1989): 699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent121699-8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWhite fir cones were sampled for insect damage from wild stands in California and Nevada during 1984–1986. Insects were recovered from cones and seed damage was partitioned by insect species. The important phytophagous insects were separated into guilds: the cone- and seed-mining guild, Dioryctria abietivorella Groté, Eucosma prob. siskiyouana (Kearfoot), Cydia prob. bracteatana (Fernald), Barbara sp.; the seed-feeding guild, Megastigmus pinus Parfitt, M. rafni Hoffmeyer, Earomyia abietum McAlpine; and the scale- and bract-feeding guild, Asynapta hopkinsi Felt, Dasineura prob. abiesemia Foote, Resseliella conicola (Foote), Strobilomyia abietis (Huckett). Total damage by insects varied by year and site, reaching a maximum of 47% in 1986 on one site and a minimum of 12.5% in 1984 on another. Abortion and incomplete development also were major factors in the production of sound seed. Populations of white fir cone and seed insects varied with cone crop but also were affected by the occurrence of cone crops on alternate hosts. During most years, the seed-mining guild insects were the major cause of seed damage.
2
Ihsan, Moh, Yusran, Sitti Ramlah, Sri Ningsih, Rukmi, and Fauziah Ramadhana. "FEEDING GUILDS OF THE BIRD COMMUNITIES ON PASOSO ISLAND." Jurnal Belantara 8, no. 1 (2025): 19–27. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbl.v8i1.1104.
Full textAbstract:
Food is one of the crucial factors for the survival of birds. The interaction between habitats and birds, as well as the role of birds as environmental bioindicators, can be understood through feeding guilds by examining their responses to disturbances. This study aims to analyze the feeding guilds of bird communities on Pasoso Island. The data collection method used was the strip transect method. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis based on bird species composition according to their guilds. The results of this study show that 33 bird species were found on Pasoso Island, classified into 10 types of feeding guilds. Based on the number of species, the insect-eating guild had the highest number (9 species) compared to other guild categories. The coastal invertebrate-eating guild and raptor guild had the fewest species, with only one species recorded in each. Regarding the number of individuals, the insect-eating guild dominated with 42 individuals, followed by the fruit-eating guild with 29 individuals. On average, the fewest individuals were found in the coastal invertebrate-eating and raptor guilds, with only one individual in each.
3
Sedlock, Jodi L., Alexander M. Stuart, Finbarr G. Horgan, et al. "Local-Scale Bat Guild Activity Differs with Rice Growth Stage at Ground Level in the Philippines." Diversity 11, no. 9 (2019): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11090148.
Full textAbstract:
High-flying insectivorous bats, as wide-ranging generalist insectivores, are valuable consumers of high-altitude migrating pests of rice in Southeast Asia. Here, we documented the behavior of relatively low-flying bats over irrigated rice to elucidate their potential role as predators of rice-associated pest insects in the Philippines. Specifically, we tested the local-scale effects of rice stage, particularly seedling and late vegetative stages, and time of night on acoustic activity of bats foraging near ground level within three functional guilds (based on foraging distance from background clutter). We also monitored bat activity from two 50 m-high towers to assess the vertical extent of relatively low-flying guilds, as well as document high-flying bat guild presence and temporal behavior. At ground level, the most active guild biased their activity and feeding over early growth stage fields, but also foraged at tower level. Activity of the bat guild adept at foraging closest to vegetation did not vary with time of night or rice stage and was absent from tower recordings. High-flying bats were predictably rare at rice level, but exhibited high foraging intensity at 50 m. Given the well-documented, sequential arrival of insect guilds with growth stage, these data suggest that at ground level edge-space bats may be important consumers of detritivores (e.g., mosquitoes). Moreover, our data suggest that just as habitat heterogeneity enhances the services of arthropod predators, these management practices also enhance bat activity and, presumably, their contribution to pest suppression.
4
Sedlock, Jodi L., Alexander M. Stuart, Finbarr G. Horgan, et al. "Local-Scale Bat Guild Activity Differs with Rice Growth Stage at Ground Level in the Philippines." Diversity 11, no. 9 (2019): 148. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429744.
Full textAbstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) High-flying insectivorous bats, as wide-ranging generalist insectivores, are valuable consumers of high-altitude migrating pests of rice in Southeast Asia. Here, we documented the behavior of relatively low-flying bats over irrigated rice to elucidate their potential role as predators of rice-associated pest insects in the Philippines. Specifically, we tested the local-scale effects of rice stage, particularly seedling and late vegetative stages, and time of night on acoustic activity of bats foraging near ground level within three functional guilds (based on foraging distance from background clutter). We also monitored bat activity from two 50 m-high towers to assess the vertical extent of relatively low-flying guilds, as well as document high-flying bat guild presence and temporal behavior. At ground level, the most active guild biased their activity and feeding over early growth stage fields, but also foraged at tower level. Activity of the bat guild adept at foraging closest to vegetation did not vary with time of night or rice stage and was absent from tower recordings. High-flying bats were predictably rare at rice level, but exhibited high foraging intensity at 50 m. Given the well-documented, sequential arrival of insect guilds with growth stage, these data suggest that at ground level edge-space bats may be important consumers of detritivores (e.g., mosquitoes). Moreover, our data suggest that just as habitat heterogeneity enhances the services of arthropod predators, these management practices also enhance bat activity and, presumably, their contribution to pest suppression.
5
Sedlock, Jodi L., Alexander M. Stuart, Finbarr G. Horgan, et al. "Local-Scale Bat Guild Activity Differs with Rice Growth Stage at Ground Level in the Philippines." Diversity 11, no. 9 (2019): 148. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429744.
Full textAbstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) High-flying insectivorous bats, as wide-ranging generalist insectivores, are valuable consumers of high-altitude migrating pests of rice in Southeast Asia. Here, we documented the behavior of relatively low-flying bats over irrigated rice to elucidate their potential role as predators of rice-associated pest insects in the Philippines. Specifically, we tested the local-scale effects of rice stage, particularly seedling and late vegetative stages, and time of night on acoustic activity of bats foraging near ground level within three functional guilds (based on foraging distance from background clutter). We also monitored bat activity from two 50 m-high towers to assess the vertical extent of relatively low-flying guilds, as well as document high-flying bat guild presence and temporal behavior. At ground level, the most active guild biased their activity and feeding over early growth stage fields, but also foraged at tower level. Activity of the bat guild adept at foraging closest to vegetation did not vary with time of night or rice stage and was absent from tower recordings. High-flying bats were predictably rare at rice level, but exhibited high foraging intensity at 50 m. Given the well-documented, sequential arrival of insect guilds with growth stage, these data suggest that at ground level edge-space bats may be important consumers of detritivores (e.g., mosquitoes). Moreover, our data suggest that just as habitat heterogeneity enhances the services of arthropod predators, these management practices also enhance bat activity and, presumably, their contribution to pest suppression.
6
Fukumoto, Hiroshi, and Hisashi Kajimura. "Cumulative effects of mortality factors on reproductive output in two co-occurring Quercus species: which mortality factors most strongly reduce reproductive potential?" Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 9 (2005): 1151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b05-090.
Full textAbstract:
We examined the factors that limit the potential reproductive output by two co-occurring deciduous oaks, Quercus variabilis Blume and Quercus serrata Thunb. ex Murray, studied over two growing seasons. We assessed the relative importance of each factor that could affect reproductive potential during the pre-dispersal phase on the basis of both the magnitude of the reproductive loss and the variation in such losses. Five factors (abortion of pistillate flowers, abortion of acorns, predation by an immature acorn-feeding guild of insects, predation by a mature acorn-feeding guild of insects, and degeneration of acorns) reduced the reproductive potential of Q. variabilis during the pre-dispersal phase. Of these factors, insect predation by the immature acorn-feeding guild and by the mature acorn-feeding guild made the greatest contribution to the variation among plants in total reproductive losses, even though they did not always cause the largest overall reproductive losses. For Q. serrata, the same five factors plus predation by a guild of insects that feeds on pistillate flowers affected reproductive potential during the pre-dispersal phase. Of these factors, abortion of pistillate flowers was responsible for the majority of the reproductive losses and made the largest contribution to the variation among plants in overall reproductive losses.
7
Adams, Maria D., Bradley S. Law, and Kris O. French. "Vegetation structure influences the vertical stratification of open- and edge-space aerial-foraging bats in harvested forests." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 9 (2009): 2090–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13470947.
Full textAbstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Heavy logging leads to regrowth of dense forest, which may adversely affect the flight and foraging activities of bats. We compared insectivorous bat activity and insect abundance at three heights (understorey, subcanopy and canopy), two locations (forest and track) and three time periods (evening, night and dawn), in old and young regrowth sites in south-eastern Australia (456 detector-hours). We measured activity levels of all bats and four echolocation guilds—one open-space and three edge-space aerial-foraging guilds. Mean bat activity in the subcanopy and canopy was up to 11 times that in the understorey of forests, a pattern opposite to that of insect abundance. However, bat activity in the two upper strata was lower in young regrowth than in old regrowth. Vegetation was more cluttered in young regrowth at these upper heights (closer stems and less vertical space in the subcanopy). Mean activity on the track was 2–5 times higher than in the forest, particularly at understorey level (17 times higher for all bats), where vegetation was less cluttered (more distant understorey trees and shrubs, and less cover of ground vegetation). Time of night had little effect on bat activity. The negative response of bat guilds to increased clutter was strongest in the open-space guild and weakest in the edge-space guild with the highest frequency calls. There was an interaction between insect abundance and an index of vegetation openness, with high values of both variables producing high bat activity levels for all bats and the two highest frequency call guilds. Our results highlight the need for management practices in logged forests that increase or preserve the amount of flight and foraging space available to bats.
8
Adams, Maria D., Bradley S. Law, and Kris O. French. "Vegetation structure influences the vertical stratification of open- and edge-space aerial-foraging bats in harvested forests." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 9 (2009): 2090–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13470947.
Full textAbstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Heavy logging leads to regrowth of dense forest, which may adversely affect the flight and foraging activities of bats. We compared insectivorous bat activity and insect abundance at three heights (understorey, subcanopy and canopy), two locations (forest and track) and three time periods (evening, night and dawn), in old and young regrowth sites in south-eastern Australia (456 detector-hours). We measured activity levels of all bats and four echolocation guilds—one open-space and three edge-space aerial-foraging guilds. Mean bat activity in the subcanopy and canopy was up to 11 times that in the understorey of forests, a pattern opposite to that of insect abundance. However, bat activity in the two upper strata was lower in young regrowth than in old regrowth. Vegetation was more cluttered in young regrowth at these upper heights (closer stems and less vertical space in the subcanopy). Mean activity on the track was 2–5 times higher than in the forest, particularly at understorey level (17 times higher for all bats), where vegetation was less cluttered (more distant understorey trees and shrubs, and less cover of ground vegetation). Time of night had little effect on bat activity. The negative response of bat guilds to increased clutter was strongest in the open-space guild and weakest in the edge-space guild with the highest frequency calls. There was an interaction between insect abundance and an index of vegetation openness, with high values of both variables producing high bat activity levels for all bats and the two highest frequency call guilds. Our results highlight the need for management practices in logged forests that increase or preserve the amount of flight and foraging space available to bats.
9
Hauri, Kayleigh C., and Zsofia Szendrei. "A Meta-analysis of Interactions Between Insect Herbivores and Plant-Parasitic Nematodes." Environmental Entomology 51, no. 1 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvab131.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Insect herbivores and plant-parasitic nematodes are global, economically devastating pests that are present in nearly every crop and natural system worldwide. Although they may be spatially separated, they indirectly interact with each other by altering both plant chemical defense and nutrition. However, the outcome of these interactions is highly variable across different focal species. We performed a meta-analysis to determine how plant and nematode traits influence insect herbivore growth and reproduction, as well as nematode abundance and reproduction. We investigated how interactions between plant-parasitic nematodes and insect herbivores influence plant biomass, carbon, and nitrogen in the roots and shoots. We found no overall effect of nematodes on insect herbivores or insect herbivores on nematodes. However, while phloem-feeding insect reproduction was not affected by nematode feeding guild or plant family, chewing insect growth increased in the presence of cyst nematodes and decreased in the presence of gall nematodes. The effect of nematodes on chewing insect herbivore growth was also affected by the focal plant family. Nematode presence did not alter plant biomass when plants were exposed to aboveground insect herbivory, but carbon and nitrogen were higher in roots and nitrogen was higher in shoots of plants with nematodes and insects compared to plants with insects alone. Our results indicate that the mechanisms driving the outcome of aboveground–belowground interactions are still unclear, but those chewing insects may have more variable responses to nematode damage than phloem-feeders.
10
Convey, P., R. S. Key, and R. J. D. Key. "The establishment of a new ecological guild of pollinating insects on sub-Antarctic South Georgia." Antarctic Science 22, no. 5 (2010): 508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410201000057x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWe report the establishment of two representatives of a new ecological functional group on the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia - pollinating insects - in the form of the hoverfly Eristalis croceimaculata Jacobs (Diptera, Syrphidae) and the blowfly Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Calliphoridae). The floricolous adults of these two species provide a new ecological role, pollination, in the ecosystems of this island. The activity of their respectively saprophogous or necrophagous larvae will also augment that of the native insect and microarthropod soil fauna. We discuss the potential new synergy between this functional group and that of a number of established non-native plants, reliant on insect pollinators for successful seed-set and hence dispersal, that are currently of persistent status with very limited local distributions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Insect guild"
1
LARSEN, ERIC CHARLES. "COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN BACKSWIMMERS (HEMIPTERA, NOTONECTIDAE) OF THE SOUTHWEST: A GROUP OF PREDACEOUS AQUATIC INSECTS (STOCHASTIC MODEL, DETERMINISTIC MODEL, GUILD STRUCTURE, EPHEMERAL HABITATS, SONORAN DESERT, ARIZONA, MEXICO)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183822.
Full textAbstract:
Community structure in backswimmers (Hemiptera: Notonectide), was investigated via extensive sampling throughout southern Arizona, USA, and Sonora, Mexico, from 1980 through 1985. Co-occurrence and relative abundance data were collected in more than 65 ponds, and in 177 rock basin pools (tinajas) in 21 canyons in the Southwest. Eleven species were collected in Arizona and Sonora, and were divided into two groups, species found in ponds and species found in tinajas. Only two species occurred significantly in both habitats. Tinaja species are largely Southwst endemics, and pond species are widespread or tropical in distribution. Data from artificial habitats suggest that the tinaja species use relatively high topographic relief, and pond species use relatively large surface area as cues to find their respective habitats. Two body size patterns are consistent with a competition explanation of local community structure. The body sizes of co-occurring species are relatively evenly distributed among species occurring in pond and tinaja habitats, and species of similar body size tend not to co-occur (body size ratio <1.3). For example, Notonecta kirbyi and N. lobata only co-occur in tinajas at intermediate elevations; lobata is absent at high elevations and kirbyi is absent at lower elevations. N. indica occurs in ponds at lower elevations and N. unifasciata occurs at higher elevations. Buenoa hungerfordi and B. arizonis both occur in tinajas, but not at the same time of year. Predation was shown experimentally not to be important in producing the body size pattern. Notonecta spp. preyed heavily on the smaller of two Buenoa species presented, an effect that would act to reduce the community-wide body size ratio. Because notonectid communities have larger body size ratios than expected by chance, predation would seem not to be involved in producing this pattern. However, predation does appear to reinforce microhabitat partitioning between the two genera in that Buenoa occupy deeper portions of the water column in the presence of Notonecta than in their absence. This further displaces coexisting individuals of the two genera in space, and reduces overlap in foraging for aquatic insect prey and promotes coexistence.
2
Le, Lann Cécile. "Partage de la ressource au sein d'une guilde : des histoires de vie, comportements et réactions à la température contrastés." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S180.
Full textAbstract:
Trois espèces de parasitoïdes du genre Aphidius (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) attaquant le puceron S. Avenae ont été étudiées pour tester les hypothèses suivantes : (i) pour partager une même ressource limitante, les espèces devraient présenter des stratégies différentes, (ii) la température devrait affecter les contraintes et les compromis entre traits comportementaux, physiologiques, morphologiques et d’histoire de vie, (iii) les niveaux de plasticité et de tolérance thermique devraient être sous sélection et dépendants du climat. Ces espèces peuvent partager la ressource grâce à des stratégies de ponte différentes. La température affecte les taux métaboliques et modifie les contraintes physiologiques à la base des traits étudiés. Un taux métabolique élevé serait une adaptation des populations à des climats froids. Enfin, ces espèces présentent des tolérances reflétant leurs patrons d’activités saisonnières. Leurs adaptations actuelles et leurs potentialités d’adaptation sont discutées dans le contexte du changement climatique<br>We have studied three parasitoids species of the genus Aphidius (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) attacking the aphid S. Avenae to test the following hypotheses: (i) for sharing the same limiting resource, species should have different strategies, (ii) temperature should affect constraints and trade-offs between behavioural, physiological, morphological and life history traits, (iii) the levels of plasticity and thermal tolerance should be under selection and dependent of the thermal regime. These species have evolved in different habitats and share the resource thanks to different oviposition strategies. The temperature affects metabolic rates and modifies physiological constraints behind the studied traits. A high metabolic rate may be an adaptation of populations from cold climates. Finally, these species have thermal tolerances matching their seasonal activity patterns. Their adaption and adaptive potential is discussed in the context of climate change
3
BRITO, Mariana Monteiro de. "A influência de diferentes tipos de matriz na guilda de borboletas frugivoras (Insecta: Lepidóptera) em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica." Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2013. https://bdtd.unifal-mg.edu.br:8443/handle/tede/565.
Full textAbstract:
Para borboletas, tolerância à matriz pode ser outro critério importante para sua ocorrência em paisagens fragmentadas. Aqui nós examinamos os efeitos relativos da fragmentação do habitat e da matriz agrícola na composição funcional de borboletas frugívoras na Mata Atlântica do sudeste do Brasil.Modelos lineares generalizados foram utilizados para detectar os efeitos das métricas da paisagem na riqueza e abundância de borboletasna assembleia total e nos grupos funcionais, e estatística circular também foi utilizado para analisar os padrões de abundância mensal do conjunto total e grupos funcionais nos remanescentes florestais e nas matrizes circundantes. No total, 650 borboletas representando 57 espécies foram capturados e a composição de espécies diferiu significativamente entre os fragmentos florestais e as matrizes adjacentes. Foram registradas 23 espécies especialistas de floresta, 18 espécies tolerantes a matriz e 16 não mostraram preferências de habitat. A riqueza e a abundância de espécies florestais foram mais bem explicadas pela proximidade eo tamanho dos fragmentos florestais circundantes, enquanto as espécies tolerantes a matriz e generalistas sem preferência de habitat eram particularmente sensíveis à forma do fragmento florestal ea porcentagem de matrizes em torno, especialmente pastagens. A análise circular revelou que as espécies florestais estiveram concentradas na estação chuvosa (setembro-março), enquanto que as espécies tolerantes a matriz estiveram concentradas entre abril e agosto. Além disso, as espécies generalistas sem preferência de habitat apresentaram menor sazonalidade que as especialistas. Entretanto mantendo-se a conectividade dos fragmentos florestais pode se aumentar a mobilidade e a dispersão de algumas espécies, os nossos resultados mostram que isso pode ser importante apenas para os especialistas em florestas. No entanto, nossos resultados sugerem que as recomendações de gestão podem ter impactos diferentes, dependendo de qual grupo funcional de borboletas frugívoras está sendo considerado.<br>For butterflies, tolerance to the matrix may be another important criterion of habitat occurrence in fragmented landscapes. Here we examine the relative effects of habitat fragmentation and agricultural matrix in the surrounding on fruit-feeding butterfly functional composition in the Atlantic rain forest of southeastern Brazil. Generalized linear models were used to detect the effects of landscape metrics on butterfly richness and abundance of the total assemblage and functional groups and circular statistics was used for analyzed the patterns of monthly abundance of the total assemblage and functional groups in the forest remnants and the surrounding matrices. In total, 650 butterflies representing 57 species were captured and species composition differed significantly between the forest fragments and the surrounding matrices. We recorded 23 forest specialists, 18 matrix-tolerant species and 16 did not show habitat preferences. Richness and abundance of forests species were best predicted with the proximity and size of surrounding forest fragments, while matrix-tolerant and generalists without habitat preference were particularly sensitive to forest fragment shape and the percentage of surrounding matrices, especially pastures. Circular analysis revealed that forest specialist species were concentrated in the rainy season (September - March) while matrix-tolerant species concentrated in April-August. Moreover, generalist without habitat preference showed lower seasonality than specialists. Although maintaining connectivity of forest fragments may increase the mobility and dispersion of some species, our results show that it is important only for forest specialists. However, our results suggest that management recommendations may have different impacts depending on which functional group of fruit-butterflies is being considered.<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
4
Carvalho, Ana Maria Coelho. "Guilda de abelhas e outros visitantes de Matayba guianensis (Sapindaceae) em vegetação de cerrado." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2009. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/13254.
Full textAbstract:
In entomophilous plants, the most frequent flower visitors are social and
solitary bees. The relationship is mutualistic, as bees benefit from pollen and
nectar, and plants have their pollination performed by bees. The study of the guilds
of flower-visiting bees presents as results, among others, the understanding of the
guild structure and the factors that interfere with this structure. Among these, the
deforestation of natural areas, as in the Cerrado , has been considered as one of
the main factors. Thus, a common Cerrado plant Matayba guianensis Aubl.,
(Sapindaceae) was chosen, with the goal of studying the structure of the guild of
flower-visiting bees in this species. Other objectives were: to investigate whether
the environmental differences among three Cerrado areas would have an
influence on the structure of this guild and determine the flower visitors and
probable pollinators of Matayba guianensis, besides bees. Three Cerrado sites
were chosen in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil: the Panga Ecological
Station (EEP), with 1,011.90 a; the Palma da Babilônia Farm (FPB), with 444.79 a
and the Souza Cruz (SC) Property, with 70.43 a. The areas presented
environmental differences evinced by the estimates of natural vegetation in the
surroundings: 52.62 % for EEP, 32.94 % for FPB and 9.73 % for SC. Bees and
other insects were collected on Matayba guianensis in two consecutive flowering
periods, from October to December of 2005 and 2006. Matayba guianensis
presented asynchrony in its phenological stages and predominance of staminate
individuals (64,7%) in comparison to the estaminate/pistilate and only pistilate
individuals, and was considered a generalist species regarding its flower visitors. In
the first phase, 1516 bees were collected, belonging to five families of Apoidea and
to 80 species. Analyzing these, we found 30% of dominant and 46.3% of rare
species. In the second phase, 562 bees, belonging to 66 species, composed of
15.2 % of dominant ones and 56.1% of rare ones, were collected. Overall, 2078
bees, pertaining to 105 species, were collected. The Apidae family stood out in
terms of number of species and individuals. The most abundant species was Apis
mellifera, which represented 41.9 % and 32.7% of the bees collected in the first and
second phases, respectively, followed by Scaptotrigona depilis. The visitation
pattern of these species is not indicative of resource sharing. The structure of the
guild, with many rare species and few abundant ones, as much as the richness and
abundance of the families of Apoidea, was similar to other studies conducted in the
Cerrado region. The collecting of bees in a single plant species was capable of
representing, at least partially, the richness of bees in the Cerrado . There was
great similarity between the bee guilds in EEP and FPB. The composition of
species of each guild varied more among the three areas than the richness and
abundance. The comparison between the bee guilds collected in EEP in 1988/89
and 2005/2006 made the changes in abundance and composition of species
evident. The proportion of natural vegetation, the location and the biology of each
species, such as in the case of Melipona, are factors that influenced the structure of
the bee guilds. Other flower visitors of Matayba guianensis were the Coleoptera,
with 35 species, the Diptera, with 37 and wasps, with 54. Some of these species,
as Ornidia obesa and Palpada sp.1, may act as pollinators. Other species are
probably damaging the plant, as the phytophagous Coleoptera. Matayba
guianensis is a key plant in the maintenance of guilds of bees as well as of other
Cerrado insects.<br>Nas plantas entomófilas os visitantes florais mais freqüentes são abelhas
sociais e solitárias. A relação é mutualística, com as abelhas se beneficiando do
pólen e do néctar e as plantas se beneficiando da polinização realizada pelas
abelhas. O estudo das guildas de abelhas visitantes de flores permite, entre outros,
o entendimento da estrutura da guilda e dos fatores que interferem nessa
estrutura. Dentre estes, o desflorestamento de áreas naturais, como o cerrado, tem
sido apontado como um dos principais fatores. Assim, escolheu-se uma planta
comum de cerrado, Matayba guianensis Aubl. (Sapindaceae), objetivando-se
estudar a estrutura da guilda de abelhas visitantes e aspectos de sua biologia
floral. Outros objetivos foram verificar se as diferenças ambientais entre três áreas
de cerrado influenciariam na estrutura dessa guilda e determinar os visitantes
florais e possíveis polinizadores de Matayba guianensis, além das abelhas.
Escolheu-se três áreas de cerrado (sentido restrito), no município de Uberlândia,
MG: a Estação Ecológica do Panga- EEP, com 403,85 ha; o cerrado na Fazenda
Palma da Babilônia-FPB, com 180 ha e a reserva na Souza Cruz-SC, com 28,5 ha.
As áreas apresentavam diferenças que foram evidenciadas pelas estimativas de
vegetação natural no entorno: 52,62 % para a EEP, 32,94 % para a FPB e 9,73 %
para a SC. As abelhas e outros insetos foram coletados em Matayba guianensis
em duas floradas consecutivas, de outubro a dezembro de 2005 e de 2006. Essa
planta apresentou assincronia em suas fases fenológicas e predominância de
indivíduos estaminados (64,7%) em relação aos estaminados/pistilados e
pistilados, sendo generalista quanto a seus visitantes florais. Na primeira etapa,
foram coletadas 1516 abelhas, pertencentes a cinco famílias de Apoidea e a 80
espécies. Destas, 30% foram dominantes e 46,3%, espécies raras. Na segunda
etapa, coletou-se 562 abelhas pertencentes a 66 espécies, com 15,2 % de
espécies dominantes e 56,1% de espécies raras. No total, foram coletadas 2078
abelhas pertencentes a 110 espécies. A família Apidae sobressaiu em número de
espécies e de indivíduos. A espécie mais abundante foi Apis mellifera, que
representou 41,9 % e 32,7% das abelhas coletadas na primeira e segunda etapas,
seguida por Scaptotrigona depilis, com 24% e 20,6%, respectivamente. As
espécies mais comuns apresentaram alguns picos de atividade não coincidentes,
mas não houve um padrão de partição de recursos ao longo do dia. A estrutura da
guilda, com muitas espécies raras e poucas espécies abundantes, assim como a
riqueza e abundância das famílias de Apoidea, mostrou-se semelhante a outros
trabalhos realizados no cerrado. A coleta de abelhas em uma única espécie de
planta foi capaz de representar parcialmente a riqueza de abelhas do cerrado. A
similaridade entre a guilda de abelhas da EEP foi bastante semelhante à da FPB.
A composição das espécies de cada guilda variou mais entre as três áreas do que
a riqueza e abundância. A comparação entre as guildas de abelhas da EEP
coletadas em 1988/89 e em 2005/2006 evidenciou alterações na abundância e
composição das espécies. A proporção de vegetação natural, a localização e a
biologia de cada espécie, como no caso de Melipona, são fatores que
influenciaram na estrutura das guildas de abelhas. Outros visitantes florais de
Matayba guianensis foram os coleópteros, com 35 espécies; dípteros, com 37 e
vespas, com 54. Muitas destas espécies, como os dípteros Ornidia obesa e
Palpada sp.1, podem atuar como polinizadores. Outras espécies devem estar
prejudicando a planta, como os coleópteros fitófagos. Matayba guianensis é uma
planta-chave na manutenção de guildas de abelhas e de outros insetos do cerrado.<br>Doutor em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais
5
Andrade, Thiago. "Évolution spatiotemporelle de la diversité et du fonctionnement d'une guilde de parasitoïdes." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S124/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse porte sur l’analyse des dimensions spatiale et temporelle du fonctionnement et de la diversité taxonomique et fonctionnelle d’une guilde. Au sein d’une guilde, les espèces exploitent un même type de ressources; pour cette raison, les niches écologiques fondamentales des membres d’une guilde sont similaires et une relation de compétition interspécifique se met en place si la ressource partagée est limitante. Quatre questions principales sur le fonctionnement d’une guilde ont été abordées : (1) à quelles échelles spatio-temporelles se structurent la guilde et les ressources exploitées, (2) quelles sont les influences respectives des filtres environnementaux et des interactions interspécifiques sur les traits fonctionnels des membres de la guilde, (3) quelle est la stratégie d’exploitation de ressources d’un membre de la guilde face à une faible disponibilité de ressources et (4) quel est l’impact du contexte climatique sur la structure d’une guilde et de son réseau trophique, et sur le degré de spécialisation écologique des espèces de la guilde sur la ressource. Le modèle biologique de cette étude a été une guilde de parasitoïdes de pucerons de céréales (Hymenoptera : Braconidae : Aphidiinae). Ces parasitoïdes s’attaquent aux pucerons (Homoptera : Aphididae) inféodés aux céréales dans les agroécosystèmes. Les variations d’abondance relative des parasitoïdes et de leurs hôtes ont été importantes aux échelles interrégionale et interannuelle, mais très faibles à l’échelle intra-régionale. La divergence des traits fonctionnels des parasitoïdes s’est maintenue sur trois régions et deux années, et le contexte local a influencé les traits de la guilde dans son ensemble. Pendant la saison hivernale, une période marquée par une faible densité de pucerons, le parasitoïde Aphidius rhopalosiphi a présenté des stratégies contrastées pour maximiser sa fitness en exploitant les hôtes Sitobion avenae et Rhopalosiphum padi, mais une forte spécialisation écologique sur le terrain a été observée en présence d’une espèce compétitrice : Aphidius avenae. Cette présence a pu être corrélée à une hausse des températures hivernales<br>This thesis is an analysis of the spatial and temporal dimensions of the functioning and taxonomic and functional diversity of a guild. In a guild, species exploit the same type of resources; consequently, fundamental ecological niches of guild members are similar and an interspecific competitive relationship is established if shared resources are limiting. Four main questions on the functioning of a guild are addressed: (1) the spatiotemporal scales to which guilds the guild and its exploited resources are structures, (2) the respective weight of environmental filtering and interspecific interactions on the configuration of realized niches of guild members, (3) the strategy of resource exploitation in a guild member facing low resource availability and (4) the impact of climatic context on the structure of a guild and its food web, and the degree of specialisation on resources. The biological model chosen in this study was a cereal aphid parasitoid guild (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Those parasitoids attack aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in agroecosystems, which are anthropised environments marked by high disturbance rates and in which host resources are variable in density and in quality. Relative abundance variations in parasitoids and in their hosts were considerable at interregional and interannual scales, but weak at the intra-regional scale. Functional trait divergence in parasitoids was maintained across three regions and two years, and regional and annual environmental contexts influenced guild traits as a whole. In winter, a period marked by low aphid density, the parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi presented contrasted strategies to maximise fitness whilst exploiting Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi hosts, but a high degree of ecological specialisation in the field was observed in the presence of a competitive species, Aphidius avenae. This presence was correlated to an increase in winter temperatures
Books on the topic "Insect guild"
1
N, Baranchikov Yuri, ed. Forest insect guilds: Patterns of interaction with host trees : proceedings of a joint IUFRO working party symposium, Abakan, Siberia, U.S.S.R., August 13-17, 1989. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1991.
Find full text
2
Northeastern Forest Experiment Station (Radnor, Pa.), ed. Forest insect guilds: Patterns of interaction with host trees : proceedings of a joint IUFRO working party symposium, Abakan, Siberia, U.S.S.R., August 13-17, 1989. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1991.
Find full text
3
Golden, David Michael. Effects of habitat fragmentation on goldenrod (Solidago) insects: Community, guild/family, and individual responses. 1997.
Find full text
4
Boivin, Guy, and Jacques Brodeur. Trophic and Guild Interactions in Biological Control. Springer, 2010.
Find full text
5
Boivin, Guy, and Jacques Brodeur. Trophic and Guild Interactions in Biological Control. Springer, 2006.
Find full text
6
(Editor), Jacques Brodeur, and Guy Boivin (Editor), eds. Trophic and Guild Interactions in Biological Control (Progress in Biological Control). Springer, 2006.
Find full text
7
Schabas, William A. An International Criminal Court. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833857.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
The earliest proposals for an international criminal court emerge during the sessions of the Commission on Responsibilities. The French insist that it will offer a ‘greater stage’, something that is necessary if the former German Emperor is to be prosecuted. On this issue, too, the Americans are totally opposed. The Commission also debates whether or not the Kaiser may be able to invoke immunity as a Head of State. It also considers a notion of guilt by abstention, whereby a leader may be tried for the crimes of subordinates to the extent that he or she failed to intervene to prevent the punishable acts, a doctrine known today as ‘superior responsibility’.
8
Corran, Emily. The Early Casuistry of Lying and Perjury. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828884.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Clerical casuistry of lying first appeared in the late twelfth century, although more general discussions of lying dated back to patristic times. Augustine had written influentially on the ethics of lying, but tended to insist on an unbending prohibition of lying rather than exceptional cases. In the twelfth century, new compilations of Christian theology, including Abelard’s Sic et Non and Gratian’s Decretum, suggested more explicitly that lying and perjury was still an open question. Canon lawyers showed increased interest in casuistry, in the context of practical questions about mitigated guilt, and exegetes in the later twelfth century discussed the morality of biblical characters in the literal sense. All of these factors contributed to create a ferment of practical thought about lying and perjury in this period. These were distinct currents in a larger tide of applied pastoral thought, which correlated with the rise of frequent confession among lay people.
Book chapters on the topic "Insect guild"
1
Bentur, Jagadish S., R. M. Sundaram, Satendra Kumar Mangrauthia, and Suresh Nair. "Molecular Approaches for Insect Pest Management in Rice." In Rice Improvement. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_11.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis chapter focuses on the progress made in using molecular tools in understanding resistance in rice to insect pests and breeding rice for multiple and durable insect resistance. Currently, molecular markers are being extensively used to tag, map, introgress, and clone plant resistance genes against gall midge, planthoppers, and leafhoppers. Studies on cloned insect resistance genes are leading to a better understanding of plant defense against insect pests under different feeding guilds. While marker-assisted breeding is successfully tackling problems in durable and multiple pest resistance in rice, genomics of plants and insects has identified RNAi-based gene silencing as an alternative approach for conferring insect resistance. The use of these techniques in rice is in the developmental stage, with the main focus on brown planthopper and yellow stem borer. CRISPR-based genome editing techniques for pest control in plants has just begun. Insect susceptibility genes (negative regulators of resistance genes) in plants are apt targets for this approach while gene drive in insect populations, as a tool to study rice-pest interactions, is another concept being tested. Transformation of crop plants with diverse insecticidal genes is a proven technology with potential for commercial success. Despite advances in the development and testing of transgenic rice for insect resistance, no insect-resistant rice cultivar is now being commercially cultivated. An array of molecular tools is being used to study insect-rice interactions at transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, mitogenome, and metagenome levels, especially with reference to BPH and gall midge, and such studies are uncovering new approaches for insect pest management and for understanding population genetics and phylogeography of rice pests. Thus, it is evident that the new knowledge being gained through these studies has provided us with new tools and information for facing future challenges. However, what is also evident is that our attempts to manage rice pests cannot be a one-time effort but must be a continuing one.
2
Jeanneret, Philippe. "Interchanges of a Common Pest Guild Between Orchards and the Surrounding Ecosystems." In Interchanges of Insects between Agricultural and Surrounding Landscapes. Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1913-1_6.
Full text
3
Flamm, Richard O., and Robert N. Coulson. "Traumatized Hosts: Their Influence on the Population Dynamics of the Southern Pine Bark Beetle Guild." In Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects. Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3828-7_24.
Full text
4
Tonkyn, David W., and Robert F. Whitcomb. "Feeding Strategies and the Guild Concept Among Vascular Feeding Insects and Microorganisms." In Advances in Soil Science. Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4712-8_6.
Full text
5
Mattson, William J., Robert K. Lawrence, Robert A. Haack, Daniel A. Herms, and Pierre-Jean Charles. "Defensive Strategies of Woody Plants Against Different Insect-Feeding Guilds in Relation to Plant Ecological Strategies and Intimacy of Association with Insects." In Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects. Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3828-7_1.
Full text
6
Ehler, L. E. "Structure and Impact of Natural Enemy Guilds in Biological Control of Insect Pests." In Food Webs. Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7007-3_32.
Full text
7
Gripenberg, Sofia. "Insect Seed Predation on Barro Colorado Island." In The First 100 Years of Research on Barro Colorado: Plant and Ecosystem Science. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.26880778.
Full textAbstract:
The seeds of many woody plant species on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) are fed upon by insect seed predators—insects that develop inside the seed, killing it in the process. Studies conducted on BCI reveal that insect seed predation varies substantially in space and time as well as among plant species. A major rearing study (more than 200,000 seeds and fruits of 478 plant species and 369 species of insect seed predators) found that most insect species feed on a single local host plant species or a few closely related species. This suggests insect seed predators have the potential to contribute strongly to plant diversity maintenance, although they have received less attention than other plant enemy guilds. Given the strong foundation of prior work, the insect seed predators of BCI are an interesting and relevant target for future studies of plant diversity maintenance and the ecology and evolution of plant-enemy interactions.<p></p>
8
Goulson, Dave. "Choice of Flower Species." In Bumblebees. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199553068.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Although current plant-pollinator mutualisms represent the result of approximately 100 million years of co-evolution, extreme specialization is unusual (reviewed in Waser et al. 1996). There are a small number of plant species which depend on a single or very few pollinator species throughout their range; examples include the Yucca (Yucca sp.) (Bogler et al. 1995), Figs (Ficus sp.) (e.g. Wiebes 1979), various orchids such as Ophrys speculum (Orchidaceae) (Nilsson 1992), and a guild of red-flowered plants found in the Fynbos of South Africa which are pollinated by the butterfly Aeropetes tulbaghia (Marloth 1895; Johnson and Bond 1992). Examples in which an insect depends exclusively on one plant species for all of its nectar or pollen requirements appear to be even more scarce (Waser et al. 1996), and at present include a handful of species of bee (Westrich 1989). Interestingly, three bumblebee species are known that are each almost entirely dependent on one species or genera of flowers, at least in some populations or parts of their range; B. consobrinus on Aconitum septentrionale , B. gerstaeckeri on Aconitum spp. and B. brodmannicus on Cerinthe spp. (Løken 1973; Rasmont 1988; Konovalova 2007). All three are alpine species with short colony duration, which presumably allows them to specialize.
9
Münster-Swendsen, Mikael. "The Role of Insect Parasitoids in Population Cycles of the Spruce Needleminer in Denmark." In Population Cycles. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195140989.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
The spruce needleminer, Epinotia tedella (Cl.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a small and abundant moth associated with Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.). Larvae mine spruce needles, usually those more than 1 year old, and each requires about 35 needles to meet its food demands. In central Europe, the spruce needleminer is regarded as a temporary, serious pest when densities reach several thousand per square meter. However, it seldom causes significant damage in Scandinavian countries. An exception was the heavy infestation in southern Denmark in 1960-61. The spruce needleminer has one generation per year. Adults emerge in June and deposit eggs singly on spruce needles. Larvae mine the needles from July through October and then descend on silken threads in November to hibernate in the forest litter as prepupal larvae in cocoons. Pupation occurs in early May and lasts 3-4 weeks. Like many other forest defoliators, spruce needleminers are associated with a diverse fauna of parasitic Hymenoptera (parasitoids) (Münster-Swendsen 1979). Eggs are attacked by a minute wasp (Trichogramma sp.) that kills the embryo and emerges as an adult a few weeks later. Because spruce needleminer eggs have all hatched by this time, the parasitoids must oviposit in the eggs of other insect species. In other words, this parasitoid is not host-specific and therefore not expected to show a numerical response to spruce needleminer population changes. Newly hatched moth larvae immediately bore into needles and, because of this, are fairly well protected against weather and predators. However, specialized parasitic wasps (parasitoids) are able to deposit their eggs inside a larva by penetrating the needle with their ovipositor. Two species, Apanteles tedellae (Nix.) and Pimplopterus dubius (Hgn.), dominate the parasitoid guild and sometimes attack a large percentage of the larvae (Münster -Swendsen 1985). Parasitized larvae continue to feed and, in November, descend to the forest floor to overwinter with unparasitized individuals. In late April, however, the parasitoids take over and kill their hosts. Besides mortality from endoparasitoids, up to 2% of the larvae die within the mine due to an ectoparasitoid and a predatory cecidomyid larva.
10
Ehler, L. E. "Parasitoid communities, parasitoid guilds, and biological control." In Parasitoid Community Ecology. Oxford University PressOxford, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198540588.003.0021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the native home of a given phytophagous insect species, we can expect to find several species of parasitoids characteristically associated with the particular insect at a given location. Such a cluster of species constitutes a ‘parasitoid community’, the members of which may either remain relatively constant or vary considerably in different parts of the host’s geographic range. Much of the recent literature on parasitoid communities is devoted to either comparative analysis of many different communities or more in-depth analysis of a single community. This chapter will emphasize the latter approach, with particular reference to interspecific interactions among species exploiting the same resource unit.
Conference papers on the topic "Insect guild"
1
van Baaren, Joan. "Ecological filters driving life-history traits in a guild of insect parasitoids." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108977.
Full textReports on the topic "Insect guild"
1
Baranchikov, Yuri N., William J. Mattson, Fred P. Hain, and Thomas L. Payne, eds. Forest Insect Guilds: Patterns of Interaction with Host Trees; 1989 August 13-17; Abakan, Siberia, U.S.S.R. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-153.
Full text
2
Maslo, Brooke, Morgan Mark, Kathleen Kerwin, et al. Habitat use and foraging ecology of bats in Morristown National Historical Park: Effects of invasive vegetation. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303689.
Full textAbstract:
Temperate insectivorous bats value high prey abundance and appropriate vegetative structure when selecting foraging habitats. Forests, particularly in the eastern United States, provide prime foraging habitats for bats but can be heavily impacted by non-native plants, which may alter arthropod diversity and abundance, as well as vegetative structure. To investigate associations between non-native plants and insect abundance, vegetative structure, and consequently bat activity, we performed vegetation surveys, insect trapping, and acoustic monitoring at 23 forested plots in northern New Jersey, USA. We predicted that non-native vegetation would either positively influence bat activity by increasing structural openness (thus, facilitating flight) or negatively influence bat activity by lowering the abundance of putative prey. We also hypothesized that vegetative characteristics, and therefore non-native vegetation, impact bats differently depending on their foraging habitat preferences. The percent of non-native cover of the ground and midstory vegetative layers of our study plots ranged from 0?92.92% (x? = 46.94 ? 5.77 SE) and was significantly correlated with structural vegetative characteristics, such as midstory clutter (? = 0.01 ? 0.006 SE), but not putative prey abundance (? = -0.81 ? 2.57 SE). Generalized linear models with only vegetative characteristics best predicted overall bat activity and foraging, which were greatest in areas with a high percent non-native vegetation and low midstory clutter. Although percent non-native vegetation and midstory clutter were also significant effects for bats that prefer to forage in open areas, neither vegetative characteristics nor prey abundance were significant effects for clutter-loving bats. Such findings suggest that vegetative structure is more important than prey availability for predicting overall insectivorous bat activity, but other factors, such as foraging strategy and life history traits, can impact how bat guilds respond to non-native vegetation. Therefore, more research is required to reveal additional mechanisms by which non-native plants impact bats.