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Journal articles on the topic 'Insect pests – Tanzania'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Laizer, Hudson C., Musa N. Chacha, and Patrick A. Ndakidemi. "Farmers’ Knowledge, Perceptions and Practices in Managing Weeds and Insect Pests of Common Bean in Northern Tanzania." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (2019): 4076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154076.

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Weeds and insect pests are among the serious constraints in common bean production in most rural communities. A survey of 169 smallholder farmers was conducted in two common bean-growing districts in northern Tanzania. The aim was to assess farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, current management practices and challenges in order to develop sustainable weed and insect pest management strategies. The results revealed that 83% of farmers perceived insect pests as the major constraint in common bean production, while 73% reported weeds as the main drawback. Insect pest management was mainly achieved t

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2

Banwo, O. O. "Management of major insect pests of rice in Tanzania – Review." Plant Protection Science 38, No. 3 (2012): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4860-pps.

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The major insect pests on rice in Tanzania are listed and described. They are from five orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera) and are discussed as stem borers, stem and root feeders, and leaf and panicle feeders. This review puts together the hitherto fragmented information available on the distribution, host range, biology/life-cycle and ecology, and the management measures of the insect pests of rice. Areas for future research are also mentioned.

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Smith, Jason D., Fekadu F. Dinssa, Robert S. Anderson, Fu-cheng Su, and Ramasamy Srinivasan. "Identification of major insect pests of Amaranthus spp. and germplasm screening for insect resistance in Tanzania." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 38, no. 04 (2018): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758418000115.

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AbstractVegetable and grain amaranths represent a vital source of micronutrients and protein in Asia and Africa. However, various foliar lepidopteran pests and stem-mining weevils hinder amaranth production. Insect-resistant cultivars can enhance the productivity of this crop. Here, we report on the performances of amaranth varieties screened for their resistance to insect pests under the field conditions at The World Vegetable Center stations in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted two preliminary screening trials with a total of 263 entries from around the world in Taiwan and a third pr

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January, Bonaventure, Gration M. Rwegasira, and Tadele Tefera. "Farmers’ Perceptions of Rice Production Constraints and Stem Borers Management Practices in Tanzania." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 6 (2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n6p57.

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Rice farmers in Tanzania continue to experience losses due to stem borers. However, the information on farmers’ knowledge and perceptions of rice stem borers is limited and farmers’ efforts on managing this insect have been ineffective. The aim of this study was to investigate constraints affecting rice production and farmers’ approaches of stem borer management in irrigated low land rice ecosystems in Tanzania. Research method: A focus group discussion with farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The information collected included: farmers’ socio-economic p

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Michael, Gabriel, AMS Nyomora, EF Mvungi, and EM Sangu. "Seasonal diversity of entomofauna, their impact and management practices in tomato fields in Meru district, Tanzania." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21, no. 04 (2021): 17952–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.99.19680.

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Tomato is a highly cultivated vegetable in Tanzania. The intensive tomato cultivation and production in Tanzania has resulted in high pests and diseases build-up. A survey to identify and quantify entomofauna diversity in different seasons and pest management practices in Meru District was conducted. In addition, a laboratory experiment was done to assess the effectiveness of commonly used pesticides SnowBecco (Thiamethoxam)and Belt (Flubendiamide) against two dominating insect pests, white flies (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889)) and leaf miner (Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917)), respectively. T

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Materu, Christopher L., and Essau W. Losujaki. "PRELIMINARY SURVEY ON OCCURRENCE OF APHIDS, THRIPS LEAF MINER IN TOMATO GROWING AREAS IN MOROGORO REGION TANZANIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 7 (2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i7.2019.675.

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Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) is one of the important crop in East Africa as a source of food, income and export. Occurrence of different pest including indigenous and alien in tomato fields are considered as a major threat pests to tomato growers. Worldwide pest problems in horticultural investment need to be considered carefully as their presence increase cost of production. Despite of this information in Tanzania there has been little research to update pest list infesting our tomatoes. The study was conducted in Morogoro region in Kauzeni and Bigwa wards whereby farmers grow differen

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Guera, Ouorou Ganni Mariel, Federico Castrejón-Ayala, Norma Robledo, et al. "Effectiveness of Push–Pull Systems to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Management in Maize Crops in Morelos, Mexico." Insects 12, no. 4 (2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12040298.

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Chemical control is the main method used to combat fall armyworm in maize crops. However, its indiscriminate use usually leads to a more complex scenario characterized by loss of its effectiveness due to the development of resistance of the insect pest, emergence of secondary pests, and reduction of the populations of natural enemies. For this reason, efforts to develop strategies for agroecological pest management such as Push–Pull are increasingly growing. In this context, the present study was carried out to evaluate field effectiveness of Push–Pull systems for S. frugiperda management in m

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E. N. BALINGASA. "STATUS OF COCONUT RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION IN TANZANIA." CORD 5, no. 02 (1989): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v5i02.229.

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Coconut is an important economic crop in the coastal belt of Tanzania and the island. However, production has been dwindling through the years due to various constraints, eg, poor plantation management, lack of improved planting materials, insect pests ‑ notably Oryctes monoceros Oliv, and the coreid bug, Pseuclotheraptus wayi Brown plus a lethaf‑disease presently belie to be caused by mycoplasmalike organisms.  To offset further decline of the industry, the National Coconut Development Programme was created by the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, assisted by the

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9

William, J. G., J. Hella, E. Lars, J. Offenberg, M. Mwatawala, and G. Rwegasira. "Benefit-Cost Analysis of Alternative Insect Pests Management in Cashew and Mango Orchards in Tanzania." Quarterly Journal of Econometrics Research 1, no. 2 (2015): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.88/2015.1.2/88.1.32.44.

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10

Agboton, B. V., D. Salifu, Z. Seguni, et al. "Bioecology of some key cashew insect pests and diseases in diverse habitats and landscapes in Tanzania." Journal of Applied Entomology 137, no. 10 (2013): 782–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jen.12069.

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11

Mboya, Rose Mujila. "An investigation of the extent of infestation of stored maize by insect pests in Rungwe District, Tanzania." Food Security 5, no. 4 (2013): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-013-0279-3.

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12

William, J. G., J. Hella, E. Lars, J. Offenberg, M. Mwatawala, and G. Rwegasira. "Partial Budgeting Analysis of Different Strategies for Management of Insect Pests in Cashew and Mango Orchards in Tanzania." International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research 2, no. 4 (2015): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.70/2015.2.4/70.4.98.110.

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13

Mkenda, Ndakidemi, Stevenson, et al. "Characterization of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Aphis fabae in an African Smallholder Bean Farming System through Sequencing of COI ‘Mini-Barcodes’." Insects 10, no. 10 (2019): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10100331.

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Parasitoids are among the most frequently reported natural enemies of insect pests, particularly aphids. The efficacy of parasitoids as biocontrol agents is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. For example, hyperparasitoids can reduce the abundance of the primary parasitoids as well as modify their behavior. A field study was conducted at three contrasting elevations on Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, to identify the parasitoids of aphids in smallholder bean farming agroecosystems. Sentinel aphids (Aphis fabae) on potted bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) were exposed in 15 bean fields at thre

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14

Gogo, Elisha Otieno, Mwanarusi Saidi, Jacob Mugwa Ochieng, Thibaud Martin, Vance Baird, and Mathieu Ngouajio. "Microclimate Modification and Insect Pest Exclusion Using Agronet Improve Pod Yield and Quality of French Bean." HortScience 49, no. 10 (2014): 1298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.49.10.1298.

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French bean [Phaseolus vulgaris (L.)] is among the leading export vegetable in Africa, mostly produced by small-scale farmers. Unfavorable environmental conditions and heavy infestations by insect pests are among the major constraints limiting production of the crop. Most French bean producers grow their crop in open fields outdoors subject to harsh environmental conditions and repeatedly spray insecticides in a bid to realize high yield. This has led to rejection of some of the produce at the export market as a result of stringent limits on maximum residue levels. Two trials were conducted at

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15

Boykin, Sseruwagi, Alicai, et al. "Tree Lab: Portable genomics for Early Detection of Plant Viruses and Pests in Sub-Saharan Africa." Genes 10, no. 9 (2019): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10090632.

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In this case study we successfully teamed the PDQeX DNA purification technology developed by MicroGEM, New Zealand, with the MinION and MinIT mobile sequencing devices developed by Oxford Nanopore Technologies to produce an effective point-of-need field diagnostic system. The PDQeX extracts DNA using a cocktail of thermophilic proteinases and cell wall-degrading enzymes, thermo-responsive extractor cartridges and a temperature control unit. This closed system delivers purified DNA with no cross-contamination. The MinIT is a newly released data processing unit that converts MinION raw signal ou

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16

Ndomba, Osmund. "Occurrence of Bemisia Argentifolii on Chrysanthemums in Northern Tanzania." Journal of Plant Protection Research 48, no. 1 (2008): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10045-008-0003-z.

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Occurrence ofBemisia Argentifoliion Chrysanthemums in Northern TanzaniaSamples of whiteflies were collected fromDendranthemaspp. in major growing areas of Tanzania. The insects were transferred onto test plants to confirm host specificity. Infested with insects, test plants were then protected with polyethylene bags. Samples of whiteflies from infested plants were taken at 10 day intervals post-infestation (dpi), 28 dpi and 35 dpi, for behavioural studies. At 10 dpi eggs were seen as oval bodies while at 28 dpi crawling bodies and newly emerged adults were observed, leaving behind characterist

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17

Purrini, K. "On disease agents of insect pests of wild palms and forests in Tanzania1." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 99, no. 1-5 (2009): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1985.tb01983.x.

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18

Mdangi, M., D. Muhamba, A. W. Massawe, and S. L. Mulungu. "Rice insect pest management in selected rice irrigation schemes in Morogoro Region, Tanzania." African Journal of Agricultural Research 14, no. 15 (2019): 698–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2017.12309.

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19

Mohamed, R. A., and J. M. Teri. "Farmers' strategies of insect pest and disease management in small-scale bean production systems in Mgeta, Tanzania." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 10, no. 06 (1989): 821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758400012595.

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20

Guera, Ouorou Ganni Mariel, Federico Castrejón-Ayala, Norma Robledo, Alfredo Jiménez-Pérez, and Georgina Sánchez-Rivera. "Plant Selection for the Establishment of Push–Pull Strategies for Zea mays–Spodoptera frugiperda Pathosystem in Morelos, Mexico." Insects 11, no. 6 (2020): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060349.

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Regulations imposed on the use of chemical insecticides call for the development of environmental-friendly pest management strategies. One of the most effective strategies is the push–pull system, which takes advantage of the behavioral response of the insect to the integration of repellent stimuli; it expels the pest out of the main crop (push), while attracting stimuli (attractants) pull the pest to an alternative crop or trap (pull). The objective of this study was to design a push–pull system to control Spodoptera frugiperda in maize crops (Zea mays) in Morelos, Mexico. Data on reproductiv

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21

Mkiga, Abdullah, Samira Mohamed, Hannalene du Plessis, Fathiya Khamis, and Sunday Ekesi. "Field and Laboratory Performance of False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia Leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Troticidae) on Orange and Selected Vegetables." Insects 10, no. 3 (2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10030063.

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False codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta is a key pest of citrus orange and other plants causing fruit loss through larval feeding. Although this pest is native to sub-Saharan Africa little is known on its performance on orange and vegetables in Kenya and Tanzania. Our objective was to assess the incidence, oviposition preference and offspring performance of FCM on orange and vegetables, namely, okra, African eggplant, chili and sweet peppers. A higher percentage of orange with FCM damage symptoms was recorded from the ground than from the tree sampled fruit. However, FCM larval inci

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22

Fast, Thora Samsø, Jørgen Aagaard Axelsen, Gina Kier Lynegaard, Maulid Mwatawala, and Joachim Offenberg. "Search Rate and Functional Response of a Eusocial Insect (Oecophylla longinoda) in a Tanzanian Mango Orchard." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/817251.

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Weaver ants,Oecophyllaspp., are famous for being efficient biological control agents as they prey on a variety of insects, and they are capable of suppressing a large number of pest species. Here, the search rate and functional response ofOecophylla longinodawere investigated in a Tanzanian mango orchard using feeding experiments. This was done by following the removal of prey, which constituted the foundation for estimating the search rate by aid of the Nicholson-Bailey and Lotka-Volterra models. The overall mean search rate was3.2 ×10-4and1.7 ×10-4over 30 minutes, when calculating the search

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23

Geurts, K., M. W. Mwatawala, and M. De Meyer. "Dominance of an invasive fruit fly species, Bactrocera invadens, along an altitudinal transect in Morogoro, Eastern Central Tanzania." Bulletin of Entomological Research 104, no. 3 (2014): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485313000722.

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AbstractBactrocera invadens, a fruit fly from Asia, is an invasive pest species across Africa. It appears to continue spreading, not only in latitude but also in altitude. To assess its capacity to infest a large variety of hosts and its competition with other fruit fly species, a study along an altitudinal gradient was conducted. At low altitudes, the high abundance in the field and high infestation of B. invadens in different fruit species make it a serious pest. At high altitudes, colonization has started and B. invadens occurs in low numbers by reproducing successfully in high altitude fru

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Mkindi, Angela G., Yolice Tembo, Ernest R. Mbega, et al. "Phytochemical Analysis of Tephrosia vogelii across East Africa Reveals Three Chemotypes that Influence Its Use as a Pesticidal Plant." Plants 8, no. 12 (2019): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8120597.

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Tephrosia vogelii is a plant species chemically characterized by the presence of entomotoxic rotenoids and used widely across Africa as a botanical pesticide. Phytochemical analysis was conducted to establish the presence and abundance of the bioactive principles in this species across three countries in East Africa: Tanzania, Kenya, and Malawi. Analysis of methanolic extracts of foliar parts of T. vogelii revealed the occurrence of two distinct chemotypes that were separated by the presence of rotenoids in one, and flavanones and flavones that are not bioactive against insects on the other. S

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Acharya, Rajendra, Ashraf Akintayo Akintola, Matabaro Joseph Malekera, et al. "Genetic Relationship of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Populations That Invaded Africa and Asia." Insects 12, no. 5 (2021): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12050439.

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The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is an important agricultural pest native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Western Hemisphere, and has invaded Africa and further spread into most countries of Asia within two years. Here, we analyzed the genetic variation of invaded populations by comparing the nucleotide sequences of two genes: the nuclear Z-chromosome linked gene triose phosphate isomerase (Tpi) and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of 27 specimens collected in Africa (DR Congo, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) and Asia (Bangladesh, Korea, Nepal, and

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Rapp, G., and M. S. Salum. "Ant fauna, pest damage and yield in relation to the density of weeds in coconut sites in Zanzibar, Tanzania." Journal of Applied Entomology 119, no. 1-5 (1995): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1995.tb01241.x.

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27

Gumovsky, A. V., and M. M. Ramadan. "Biology, immature and adult morphology, and molecular characterization of a new species of the genusEntedon(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) associated with the invasive pestSpecularius impressithorax(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) onErythrinaplants." Bulletin of Entomological Research 101, no. 6 (2011): 715–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485311000290.

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AbstractEntedon erythrinaesp. n. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a gregarious egg-larval endoparasitoid of the Erythrina bruchineSpecularius impressithorax, an invasive pest of the coral tree seeds (Erythrinaspp.), is described from the Hawaiian Islands and Africa (South Africa, Tanzania and Mozambique). The biology and morphology of preimaginal stages of this new species are described in details.It is remarkable that the early embryo of the parasitoid represents a mass of undifferentiated cells surrounded by a peculiar membrane formed by the peripheral enlarged polygonal cells. The young larva dev

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28

Ajene, Inusa J., Fathiya Khamis, Shifa Ballo, et al. "Detection of Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Ethiopia: A New Haplotype and its Implication to the Proliferation of Huanglongbing." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 4 (2020): 1640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa113.

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Abstract Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, also known as the Asian citrus psyllid, is a pest of citrus known for its transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Ca. L. asiaticus), the causal bacterium of Huanglongbing. The African citrus triozid Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) has been the putative vector of Candidatus Liberibacter africanus (Ca. L. africanus) which causes the African citrus greening disease, until the recent detection of D. citri on the continent. Following reports of D. citri in Kenya and Tanzania, we surveyed citrus plants to establish the presence/abse

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29

Minja, E. M., T. G. Shanower, J. M. Songa, et al. "Studies of pigeonpea insect pests and their management in farmers' fields in Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda." African Crop Science Journal 7, no. 1 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v7i1.27778.

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30

Chawe, Kissa G., Pavithravani B. Venkataramana, and Patrick A. Ndakidemi. "Assessment of Farmers’ Indigenous Knowledge and Preferences: A Tool for Sustainable Lablab Bean (Lablab purpureus. L. Sweet) Improvement and Utilization in Northern Tanzania." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology, March 27, 2019, 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2019/v21i130081.

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Participatory farmers’ selection of preferred lablab bean (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet) was conducted in Moshi Rural, Kilimanjaro in northern Tanzania to identify farmers preferred traits and accessions. An experimental plot was laid down in augmented block design where a total of 41 accessions including the local check (Katumani) and improved variety (HA4) were sown in three blocks at the spacing of 75 cm x 40 cm. Semi-structured questionnaire and checklists were prepared to gather the farmers’ preferences and knowledge as well as factors for lablab crop abandonment. The factors for crop abando

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31

"Potentiality of field margin with insecticidal plants in the reduction of insect pests’ damage in common bean production, Northern Tanzania." International Journal of Biosciences (IJB), August 18, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/17.2.149-157.

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Mwenda, Emmanuel T., Justin H. Ringo, and Ernest R. Mbega. "Physiochemical Properties and Identification of Elite Genotypes for Improved Sorghum Breeding in Tanzania." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology, February 15, 2019, 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2018/v20i130067.

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Variability in physiochemical properties in sorghum is critical in cultivar development for optimum grain quality and crop resistance against fungal and insect pests. These traits are not well studied. The objective of this study was to characterize sorghum genotypes based on kernel phenotypic and biochemical traits and identify promising genotypes for better utilization of these traits in sorghum breeding. 98 sorghum genotypes comprised by the released varieties, breeding lines, hybrids and local cultivars were studied using qualitative and quantitative parameters. 75.51% of these genotypes h

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Sequeros, Teresa, Justus Ochieng, Pepijn Schreinemachers, et al. "Mungbean in Southeast Asia and East Africa: varieties, practices and constraints." Agriculture & Food Security 10, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40066-020-00273-7.

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Abstract Background Improving the productivity of grain legumes is important to address global challenges of food security and soil degradation. This study’s objective was to quantify the adoption of improved mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) varieties and agricultural practices and to identify production constraints for six countries in Southeast Asia and three countries in East Africa. Methods A Delphi method using expert elicitation was applied at subnational levels and then aggregated to national levels. Each panel employed repetitive and independent questioning of experts. The study organized 3

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Elfekih, S., W. T. Tay, A. Polaszek, et al. "On species delimitation, hybridization and population structure of cassava whitefly in Africa." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87107-z.

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AbstractThe Bemisia cassava whitefly complex includes species that cause severe crop damage through vectoring cassava viruses in eastern Africa. Currently, this whitefly complex is divided into species and subgroups (SG) based on very limited molecular markers that do not allow clear definition of species and population structure. Based on 14,358 genome-wide SNPs from 62 Bemisia cassava whitefly individuals belonging to sub-Saharan African species (SSA1, SSA2 and SSA4), and using a well-curated mtCOI gene database, we show clear incongruities in previous taxonomic approaches underpinned by eff

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