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Journal articles on the topic 'Insects as carriers of plant disease'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Hill, G. T., and W. A. Sinclair. "Taxa of Leafhoppers Carrying Phytoplasmas at Sites of Ash Yellows Occurrence in New York State." Plant Disease 84, no. 2 (2000): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.2.134.

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Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) populations were sampled and leafhopper carriers of ash yellows (AshY) phytoplasmas were identified as first steps toward vector identification. Nearly 5,000 leafhoppers were collected in malaise traps at two sites of high AshY incidence in New York state in 1996 and 1997. These insects comprised 33 taxa, including representatives of 13 genera known to contain phytoplasma vectors. The most abundant genus was Scaphoideus, with numbers about six times greater than any other genus. A total of 1,632 insects were assayed individually for phytoplasmas by polymera

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Bounadji, Siham, Saliha Benhissen, Nora Belkhiri, Abdelmadjib Asloum, Wafa Habbachi, and Khellaf Rebbas. "BIOLOGICAL STRUGGLE AGAINST TWO HURMFUL INSECTS – BLATTELLA GERMANICA (BLATTELLIDAE) AND CULISETA LONGIAREOLATA (CULICIDAE) – USING EUPHORBIA BUPLEUROIDES (EUPHORBIACEAE)." Natural Resources and Sustainable Development 14, no. 1 (2024): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31924/nrsd.v14i1.146.

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This study is topical and is of particular importance with the emergence and spread of vector borne diseases in urban areas around the world, and in Algeria in particular. In this work we carried out a toxicological test on the larvae of two species namely Culiseta longiareolata and Blattella germanica which are considered harmful and can be carriers of many pathogens, with the use of the aqueous extract of the plant Euphorbia bupleuroides for a certain time, the results of toxicity give a toxic effect on the larvae determined at different lethal concentrations and sublethal (LC 50 % and LC 90

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3

García-Cámara, Isabel, Raúl Tapia-Tussell, Anuar Magaña-Álvarez, et al. "Empoasca papayae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)-Mediated Transmission of Papaya Meleira Virus-Mexican Variant in Mexico." Plant Disease 103, no. 8 (2019): 2015–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-18-1101-re.

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Papaya meleira virus (PMeV) causes sticky disease in Carica papaya in Brazil and Mexico. Despite its economic importance and the need for effective phytosanitary control, it remains unknown whether any insect is the vector of this virus. The aim of this work was to identify potential insect vectors of the PMeV-Mexican variant (PMeV-Mx) and determine whether these potential vectors are capable of transmitting the virus. Adult insects were collected in papaya fields in the south-southeast region of Mexico and were identified morphologically and molecularly. Their abundance and frequency were det

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Zhu, Heping, Randall H. Zondag, Charles R. Krause, Jim Merrick, and Jay Daley. "Reduced Use of Pesticides for Effective Controls of Arthropod Pests and Plant Diseases." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 29, no. 3 (2011): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-29.3.143.

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Abstract Current label recommendations of pesticides for arthropod pests and plant diseases in the nursery and green industry are vague and frequently result in excessive pesticide use. The objective of this research was to demonstrate that modifications of spray application techniques with current spray equipment in ornamental nursery production could reduce pesticide use. The efficacy of half rates and full rates of both active ingredients and carrier was investigated in commercial nurseries with air-assisted sprayers in two tests and a state inspector survey for the control of arthropod pes

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5

Farhan, Muhammad, Chenchen Zhao, Sohail Akhtar, Ishtiaq Ahmad, Pan Jilong, and Shuai Zhang. "Assessment of Nano-Formulated Conventional Insecticide-Treated Sugar Baits on Mosquito Control and the Effect on Non-Target Aphidophagous Coccinella septempunctata." Insects 15, no. 1 (2024): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15010070.

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Mosquitoes, as disease vectors causing global morbidity and mortality through diseases like malaria, dengue, and Zika, necessitate mosquito population control methods. This study investigated the efficacy of nano-formulated insecticide-based sugar baits in controlling Anopheles gambiae populations and assessed their potential non-target impact on Coccinella septempunctata. This laboratory-based study employed thiolated polymer-coated attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) nano-formulations, delivering pesticides via nano-carriers. Adult and larvae populations of insects were collected from rice an

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Hay, Bruce A., Georg Oberhofer, and Ming Guo. "Engineering the Composition and Fate of Wild Populations with Gene Drive." Annual Review of Entomology 66, no. 1 (2021): 407–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043154.

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Insects play important roles as predators, prey, pollinators, recyclers, hosts, parasitoids, and sources of economically important products. They can also destroy crops; wound animals; and serve as vectors for plant, animal, and human diseases. Gene drive—a process by which genes, gene complexes, or chromosomes encoding specific traits are made to spread through wild populations, even if these traits result in a fitness cost to carriers—provides new opportunities for altering populations to benefit humanity and the environment in ways that are species specific and sustainable. Gene drive can b

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7

Cifuentes-Arenas, Juan Camilo, George Andrew Charles Beattie, Leandro Peña, and Silvio Aparecido Lopes. "Murraya paniculata and Swinglea glutinosa as Short-Term Transient Hosts of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and Implications for the Spread of Huanglongbing." Phytopathology® 109, no. 12 (2019): 2064–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-06-19-0216-r.

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Murraya paniculata and Swinglea glutinosa are aurantioid hosts of the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri, the principal vector of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las). Las is the pathogen associated with huanglongbing (HLB), the Asian form of which is the most devastating disease of Citrus species and cultivars (Rutaceae: Aurantioideae). M. paniculata is a common ornamental and S. glutinosa is grown as an ornamental, a citrus rootstock, and a hedgerow fence plant. Because of the uncertain status of these plants as reservoirs of Las, a series of cross-inoculation bioassays were ca

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8

Milićević, Zoran, Slobodan Krnjajić, Milan Stević, et al. "Encapsulated Clove Bud Essential Oil: A New Perspective as an Eco-Friendly Biopesticide." Agriculture 12, no. 3 (2022): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12030338.

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In this work by encapsulation technique we have synthetized three new clove bud essential oil (CEO) Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) formulations depending on the carrier (synthetic zeolite- F-CSZ, nature zeolite- F-CNZ and gelatin- F-CG). The main idea was to develop an eco-friendly biopesticide that can find use in plant protection as an alternative to the use of conventional pesticides. By encapsulation we wanted to enable water solubility and ensure prolonged efficacy of the essential oil. Biological activity of designed CEO formulations was tested on potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella

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9

Ahmed, Haris, Mian Faisal Nazir, Zhoe Pan, et al. "Genotyping by Sequencing Revealed QTL Hotspots for Trichome-Based Plant Defense in Gossypium hirsutum." Genes 11, no. 4 (2020): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11040368.

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Cotton possesses certain physical features, including leaf and stem trichomes that help plants deter damage caused by insect pests, and to some extent, from abiotic factors as well. Among those features, trichomes (pubescence) hold a special place as a first line of defense and a managemental tool against sucking insect pests of cotton. Different insect pests of cotton (whiteflies, aphids, jassids, and boll weevil) severely damage the yield and quality of the crop. Likewise, whiteflies, aphids, jassids, and other insect pests are considered as potential carriers for cotton leaf curl viruses an

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10

Roets, Francois, Michael J. Wingfield, Léanne L. Dreyer, Pedro W. Crous, and Dirk U. Bellstedt. "A PCR-based method to detect species of Gondwanamyces and Ophiostoma on surfaces of insects colonizing Protea flowers." Canadian Journal of Botany 84, no. 6 (2006): 989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-062.

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Flower heads of economically important members of the genus Protea L. mature into conspicuous, often long-lived infructescences, which in South Africa are commonly colonized by species of the ophiostomatoid fungi Gondwanamyces G.J. Marais & M.J. Wingfield and Ophiostoma Syd. & P. Syd. It is suspected that these fungi are transported between infructescences by insects. To develop techniques that would enable detection of ophiostomatoid fungi on insects, primers GPR1 and OSP1 were designed based on unique 28S ribosomal DNA sequences of Gondwanamyces and Ophiostoma from Protea. Multiplex

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11

Fernández-Fernández, Naves, Witzell, et al. "Pine Pitch Canker and Insects: Relationships and Implications for Disease Spread in Europe." Forests 10, no. 8 (2019): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10080627.

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The fungal pathogen Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’ Donnell) is the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC) disease, which seriously affects conifer species in forests and nurseries worldwide. In Europe, PPC is only established in the Iberian Peninsula; however, it is presumed that its range could expand through the continent in the near future. Infection caused by this fungus requires open wounds on the tree, including physical damage caused by insects. Therefore, a relationship probably occurs between PPC and a wide variety of insects. The aim of this review is to outline the taxonomic

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12

Montong, Vivi, and Christina Salaki. "Insects as Carriers of Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV on Kepok Banana Flowers in South Minahasa and Minahasa Districts." International Journal of ChemTech Research 13, no. 1 (2020): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/ijctr.2019.130124.

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The scope of this study is the management of insects that carry the cause of banana blood disease (BBD), Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV. The objectives of this study are: (1) to study the diversity and density of visitor insect populations to the Kepok banana flower, and (2) to identify insects in the Kepok banana flower that act as carriers of R. solanacearum Phylotype IV, and the population density of these bacteria was carried by each insect. Sampling of banana plantations is done based on pusposive sampling method. Insect collection uses a modified insect net, and insect collection us

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13

Blazar, Jeffrey, Marc Allard, and E. Kurt Lienau. "Insects as vectors of foodborne pathogenic bacteria." Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 4, no. 1 (2011): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187498311x543989.

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AbstractFood safety is an important consideration worldwide. To maintain and improve our current knowledge of foodborne disease outbreaks, we must understand some of the more imminent issues related to food safety. A variety of agents are responsible for transmitting the estimated 76 million cases of illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens every year. This review explores why insects pose a serious health concern, in terms of worldwide food safety initiatives, by looking at evidence in published <abs>Food safety is an important consideration worldwide. To maintain and improve our current

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14

Butler, Casey D., and John T. Trumble. "The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae): life history, relationship to plant diseases, and management strategies." Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 5, no. 2 (2012): 87–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187498312x634266.

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The potato/tomato psyllid,Bactericera cockerelli(Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) has been a major pest of solanaceous crops for decades. This pest can cause damage to crop plants by direct feeding and, as has been recently discovered, by transmitting the bacterial pathogenCandidatusLiberibacter psyllaurous (a.k.a.Ca.L. solanacearum). Many studies have been conducted to determine the relationship of this pest to plant injury and to develop management strategies to alleviate the damage caused by this pest in a wide variety of solanaceous plants. Studies in the past decade have documented substantia

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15

Khudhair, Mohammed W., Hadi M. Aboud, Mohammed Z. Khalaf, and Ali K. Shbar. "Oryctes elegans, A Vector of Fusarium proliferatum Causing Wilt Disease Symptoms of Date Palm." International Journal of Phytopathology 3, no. 2 (2014): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.003.02.0698.

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Fusarium proliferatum is an important pathogen worldwide causing devastating diseases in many crucial crops such as date palm, banana, mango, maize, rice, asparagus, onion, and garlic varied between wilt and dieback. Many insects are able to transmit fungi either during feeding process or mechanically via insects’ movement or laying egg operation. F. proliferatum was isolated from date palm borer Oryctes elegans from five locations in the south of Iraq: Al- Namania, Al- souira, AL- Azezia, Al- Madaan, and Al-Dewania. The fungus was isolated from both insects’ adults and plant materials from tr

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16

Nicoletti, Rosario, Elia Russo, and Andrea Becchimanzi. "Cladosporium—Insect Relationships." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 1 (2024): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10010078.

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The range of interactions between Cladosporium, a ubiquitous fungal genus, and insects, a class including about 60% of the animal species, is extremely diverse. The broad case history of antagonism and mutualism connecting Cladosporium and insects is reviewed in this paper based on the examination of the available literature. Certain strains establish direct interactions with pests or beneficial insects or indirectly influence them through their endophytic development in plants. Entomopathogenicity is often connected to the production of toxic secondary metabolites, although there is a case wh

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17

Sahetapy, Betty, Nina Maryana, Syafrida Manuwoto, Kikin H. Mutaqin, and Fransina Latumahina. "TEST OF BLOOD DISEASE BACTERIUM (BDB) TRANSMISSION BY POTENTIAL INSECT VECTORS." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 20, no. 1 (2020): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.12071-77.

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Blood disease bacterium (BDB) is one of the important diseases in banana and a major obstacle in developing and increasing banana production in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to prove the ability of the Drosophilidae insect as a vector in transmitting BDB. The research was conducted at the Insect Biosystematics Laboratory and Plant Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. Drosophilidae insects were taken from the field and then reared in laboratory by being fed with ripe bananas to obtain offspring that are free from diseases or

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18

Montong, Vivi B., and Christina L. Salaki. "Serangga Pengunjung Bunga Pisang Kepok di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan sebagai Pembawa Ralstonia solanacearum Filotipe IV (Penyebab Penyakit Darah Pisang)." JURNAL ENFIT : Entomologi dan Fitopatologi 1, no. 1 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/jef.v1i1.27165.

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The scope of this study is the management of insects that carry Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV (the cause of banana blood disease). The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify insects in Kepok banana flowers, and (2) to identify insects in Kepok banana flowers that act as carriers of R. solanacearum Phylotype IV, and the population density of these bacteria is carried by each insect. The sampling of banana plantations was carried out based on pusposive sampling method. Insect collection uses modified insect nets, and insect collection uses modified insect nets, and insects are morp

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Madden, L. V., M. J. Jeger, and F. van den Bosch. "A Theoretical Assessment of the Effects of Vector-Virus Transmission Mechanism on Plant Virus Disease Epidemics." Phytopathology® 90, no. 6 (2000): 576–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2000.90.6.576.

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A continuous-time and deterministic model was used to characterize plant virus disease epidemics in relation to virus transmission mechanism and population dynamics of the insect vectors. The model can be written as a set of linked differential equations for healthy (virus-free), latently infected, infectious, and removed (postinfectious) plant categories, and virus-free, latent, and infective insects, with parameters based on the transmission classes, vector population dynamics, immigration/emigration rates, and virus-plant interactions. The rate of change in diseased plants is a function of

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20

Ruiu, Luca. "A Section Dedicated to the Continuously Growing Field of Pest and Disease Management." Agronomy 13, no. 12 (2023): 2949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13122949.

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Kumar, Ritesh, Naveen Kumar, Poonam Srivastava, Aryan Arya, Kawsar Rasool, and Manisha. "Role of Allelopathy in Plant Disease Management." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 11 (2023): 1858–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113343.

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Allelopathy is a natural and eco-friendly process causes agricultural plants to generate phytotoxins called "allelochemicals" that hinder or promote growth. The chemical substances generated through allelopathy can be potential tool to control agricultural important pests. Allelopathy can replace agrochemicals for crop disease and pest management. Agrochemical used in agriculture pollute the environment, lowers food quality, and increases disease-resistant biotypes. An agronomist can collaborate with a molecular scientist or plant breeder to selectively boost disease suppression by understandi

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22

Triwidodo, Hermanu, Efi Toding Tondok, and Desy Nur Avifah. "Susceptibility of Two Varieties of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) to Pest and Disease Infection in the Sub-District of Tanah Sareal, Bogor." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 25, no. 2 (2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.49851.

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This survey was done in several guava fields around Bogor and found many unhealthy plants infested by various plant pests and diseases. This study aimed to analyze the effect of various guava cultivars on pest and disease intensity on guava in the Sub-District of Tanah Sareal, Bogor. Samples were collected from 20 fields that consisted of 15 samples of Getas Merah and 5 samples of Bangkok Putih cultivars to identify plant pests and diseases. Interviews were done with field owners to obtain information on cultivating practices. Pests found based on morphological identification included plant bu

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23

Chavez, M., and M. Uchanski. "Insect left-over substrate as plant fertiliser." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 7, no. 5 (2021): 683–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2020.0063.

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The production of insect protein as human food and livestock feed (entomophagy) may provide a more environmentally beneficial alternative to traditional animal agriculture. However, the resulting waste product from insect production has resulted in large accumulations of left-over substrate and frass. Due to its nutrient and microbial profile, this left-over product has the potential to be utilised as a biofertiliser for high value crop production. Studies have been conducted using the frass of various insects (e.g. black soldier flies, houseflies, and mealworms) to monitor its impact on crop

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Hindal, Dale F., and Sek Man Wong. "Potential Biocontrol of Multiflora Rose, Rosa multiflora." Weed Technology 2, no. 2 (1988): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00030256.

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Multiflora rose is a serious weed pest in West Virginia. There are cultural and chemical means for control, but expense and environmental consequences often preclude their use. Limited information is available concerning biotic agents with potential for multiflora rose biocontrol. A literature search, contacts with scientists in Asia where multiflora rose originated and apparently is not a pest, and disease and insect surveys in West Virginia indicate this plant is healthy and, generally, pest free. However, three insects in West Virginia and one disease occurring in the midwestern United Stat

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Abdul Malik, Nurul Azmina, Ilakiya Sharanee Kumar, and Kalaivani Nadarajah. "Elicitor and Receptor Molecules: Orchestrators of Plant Defense and Immunity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3 (2020): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030963.

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Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs), and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are molecules produced by microorganisms and insects in the event of infection, microbial priming, and insect predation. These molecules are then recognized by receptor molecules on or within the plant, which activates the defense signaling pathways, resulting in plant’s ability to overcome pathogenic invasion, induce systemic resistance, and protect against insect predation and damage. These small molec

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Pidikiti, Pavithra, Chavan Sanket Sudhakar, Harkirat Singh, Adesh Kumar, and Shweta Meshram. "A review on molecular aspects of virus-vector relationship to the aphids." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 15, no. 2 (2023): 616–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v15i2.4391.

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Plant viruses are transmitted through insects, mites, nematodes, and protists. Arthropods as vectors are used by 88% of plant viruses to move from one host to another. Insects are the most prevalent vectors, with aphids accounting for half of all insect-vectored viruses. Aphids have been meticulously developed to serve as vectors. Transforming virions into plant cells is facilitated bypiercing–sucking mouthparts that do not cause irreversible damage. With the ability to reproduce asexually, aphid populations can grow incredibly, amplifying disease epidemics and accelerating the spread of virus

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Labroussaa, Fabien, Adam R. Zeilinger, and Rodrigo P. P. Almeida. "Blocking the Transmission of a Noncirculative Vector-Borne Plant Pathogenic Bacterium." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 7 (2016): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-02-16-0032-r.

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The successful control of insect-borne plant pathogens is often difficult to achieve due to the ecologically complex interactions among pathogens, vectors, and host plants. Disease management often relies on pesticides and other approaches that have limited long-term sustainability. To add a new tool to control vector-borne diseases, we attempted to block the transmission of a bacterial insect-transmitted pathogen, the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, by disrupting bacteria–insect vector interactions. X. fastidiosa is known to attach to and colonize the cuticular surface of the mouthparts of vect

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Michailides, Themis J., and David P. Morgan. "Association of Botryosphaeria Panicle and Shoot Blight of Pistachio with Injuries of Fruit Caused by Hemiptera Insects and Birds." Plant Disease 100, no. 7 (2016): 1405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-15-1077-re.

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Panicle and shoot blight of pistachio caused by species of Botryosphaeriaceae fungi remains one of the major diseases of pistachio in California, with the highest potential for crop destruction because buds and fruit clusters (panicles) are killed. Pistachio fruit can also be damaged by various insect pests. For instance, hemipteran insects are considered major pests of pistachio and can attack maturing fruit, causing necrotic areas on the fruit epicarp (epicarp lesion). Surveys in pistachio orchards showed a putative association of punctures of pistachio fruit with infection by Botryosphaeria

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Holtz, Brent A. "Plant Protection for Pistachio." HortTechnology 12, no. 4 (2002): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.12.4.626.

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Pistachio (Pistacia vera) was successfully introduced into California and initially touted as a tree nut crop with no disease or insect pests. Unfortunately, these expectations were dashed as a number of diseases and pests followed commercial plantings, making plant protection practices integral to production. Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae) devastated early plantings but is now controlled with the use of resistant rootstocks. Botryosphaeria blight (Botryosphaeria dothidea) and alternaria late blight (Alternaria alternata) are recently arrived foliar fungal diseases that blight fruit

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Fu, Lin, Zhenyu Wang, Om Parkash Dhankher, and Baoshan Xing. "Nanotechnology as a new sustainable approach for controlling crop diseases and increasing agricultural production." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 2 (2019): 507–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz314.

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Hall, John A., Gimme H. Walter, Dana M. Bergstrom, and Peter Machin. "Pollination ecology of the Australian cycad Lepidozamia peroffskyana (Zamiaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 52, no. 3 (2004): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt03159.

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Experiments carried out to investigate the reproductive ecology of the Australian cycad Lepidozamia peroffskyana (Regal, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 1857, 1: 184) revealed that this species is pollinated exclusively by host-specific Tranes weevils (Pascoe 1875). The weevils carry out their life cycle within the tissues of the male cones but also visit the female cones in large numbers. Female cones from which insects (but not wind) was excluded had a pollination rate that was essentially zero. In contrast, female cones from which wind (but not insects) were excluded had a pollination rate compa

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El-Mallakh, Rif S., Kanwarjeet S. Brar, and Rajashekar Reddy Yeruva. "Cardiac Glycosides in Human Physiology and Disease: Update for Entomologists." Insects 10, no. 4 (2019): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10040102.

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Cardiac glycosides, cardenolides and bufadienolides, are elaborated by several plant or animal species to prevent grazing or predation. Entomologists have characterized several insect species that have evolved the ability to sequester these glycosides in their tissues to reduce their palatability and, thus, reduce predation. Cardiac glycosides are known to interact with the sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase, or sodium pump, through a specific receptor-binding site. Over the last couple of decades, and since entomologic studies, it has become clear that mammals synthesize

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Lombardo, Luca, Pierluigi Rizzo, Carmine Novellis, and Veronica Vizzarri. "Preliminary Molecular Survey of the Possible Presence of Xylella fastidiosa in the Upper Ionian Coasts of Calabria, Italy, through the Capture and Analysis of Its Main Vector Insects." Insects 12, no. 5 (2021): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12050446.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, strain CoDiRO is the bacterium responsible for the onset of the disease known as the olive quick decline syndrome, which has been causing a phytosanitary and economic emergency in the Apulia region since 2013. To date, three insect species have been identified as pathogenic carriers of X. fastidiosa. With the advancement of the infection front, and the possibility of pathogenic insects being “hitchhiked” over long distances, the monitoring of the vectors of X. fastidiosa in the Italian regions bordering Apulia is an increasingly contingent issue for the rapid c

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Ablazova, M. M., and D. M. Zuparova. "RESEARCH ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL METHOD OF COMBATING HARMFUL INSECTS AROUND THE WORLD." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 04, no. 05 (2022): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume04issue05-05.

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The most common insect disease is muscardine . The causative agent - the Bossian's Boveria - affects more than 60 species of insects that live in the country. In nature, this fungus can be retained on plant remains. It is transported by insects and mites. One type of muscardine was described by I.I. Mechnikov. The discovery of this fungus on the bug beetle initiated research on the microbiological method of combating harmful insects around the world. It is now known that the toxins released by the green muscardine are capable of killing blood-sucking mosquitoes. On the nut-tree false parasitic

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Možina, Klemen, Zala Mavrič, and Urška Vrabič-Brodnjak. "Investigating the Effectiveness of Novel Repellent Labels Produced from Invasive Plant Species." Coatings 14, no. 5 (2024): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050642.

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Although N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) remains the most effective repellent against mosquitoes and ticks, concerns about skin irritation, rashes, and neurological problems in children have driven the search for natural alternatives. The aim of this research was to develop, manufacture, and test prototype stickers derived from invasive plant species in Europe. These labels contained a coating with encapsulated repellents made from essential oils to protect against mosquito bites and similar blood-sucking insects. Six samples of invasive plant species in Europe such as Japanese knotweed (

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Nandana, Rizky Nadhif, Yayan Sanjaya, Topik Hidayat, and Win Heri Sarfudin. "Keragaman Serangga pada Tanaman Terong Ungu (Solanum melongena)." Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 11, no. 1 (2023): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/paspalum.v11i1.506.

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Indonesia as a mega-biodiversity country has a very diverse diversity of insects. The diversity of these insects has both beneficial and detrimental roles. The beneficial role of insects is that they act as pollinators, predators of pests and regulators of wild plant populations, while the detrimental roles of insects are plant-eating pests and disease vectors in plants. Insects have many habitats, one of which is purple eggplant or solanum melongena. Eggplant is cultivated for consumption and contains many ingredients. This plant is widely cultivated because it contains nutrients consisting o

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Zhang, Zhanyuan, D. P. Coyne, and A. Mitra. "Gene Transfer for Enhancing Plant Disease Resistance to Bacterial Pathogens." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 788A—788. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.788a.

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Gene transfer can provide plants with a novel source of disease resistance. Two different antibacterial peptides, Shiva-1 and lactoferrin, were tested in vitro for antibacterial activity. The former is from cecropin B in insects, and the latter from human or mammal fluids such as milk. Both peptides exhibited high antibacterial activity against all tested gram-negative phytopathogenic bacterial strains. Lactoferrin was more lethal than Shiva-1. A particular lactoferrin domain showed a much higher activity against bacterial strains. A gene encoding lactoferrin was then transferred to Nicotinia

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Sitz, Rachael A., Vincent M. Aquino, Ned A. Tisserat, Whitney S. Cranshaw, and Jane E. Stewart. "Insects Visiting Drippy Blight Diseased Red Oak Trees Are Contaminated with the Pathogenic Bacterium Lonsdalea quercina." Plant Disease 103, no. 8 (2019): 1940–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-18-2248-re.

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The focus of investigation in this study was to consider the potential of arthropods in the dissemination of the bacterium involved in drippy blight disease, Lonsdalea quercina. Arthropod specimens were collected and tested for the presence of the bacterium with molecular markers. The bacterium L. quercina was confirmed on 12 different insect samples from three orders (Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Hymenoptera) and eight families (Buprestidae, Coccinellidae, Dermestidae, Coreidae, Pentatomidae and/or Miridae, Apidae, Formicidae, and Vespidae). Approximately half of the insects found to carry the

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Djaenuddin, Nurasiah, and Amran Muis. "EPIDEMIOLOGI DAN PENGELOLAAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG." Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian 37, no. 2 (2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v37n2.2018.p41-48.

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<p>Maize is one of the most important worldwide agricultural crops that their seed is considered a valuable international trading item. The seeds are mainly originated from United States, where the world most intensive development of new varieties occurs. Pantoea stewartii is a pathogenic bacteria of maize that occurs primarily in the US. Stewart wilt disease in maize caused by the bacterium Pantoea stewartii is become a new disease of maize in Indonesia. The stewart wilt disease was first reported in West Sumatra with the disease incidence of 1−15%. This paper discusses the epidemiology

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Berasategui, Aileen, Shounak Jagdale, and Hassan Salem. "Fusarium phytopathogens as insect mutualists." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 7 (2023): e1011497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011497.

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As vectors of numerous plant pathogens, herbivorous insects play a key role in the epidemiology of plant disease. But how phytopathogens impact the metabolism, physiology, and fitness of their insect vectors is often unexplored within these tripartite interactions. Here, we examine the diverse symbioses forged between insects and members of the ascomycete fungal genus Fusarium. While Fusarium features numerous plant pathogens that are causal to diseases such as wilts and rots, many of these microbes also engage in stable mutualisms across several insect clades. Matching a diversity in symbiont

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Olson, William H., and Richard P. Buchner. "Leading Edge of Plant Protection for Walnuts." HortTechnology 12, no. 4 (2002): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.12.4.615.

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English walnut (Juglans regia) producers in California compete with many insect and disease pests to produce an acceptable crop. Traditional control strategies work reasonably well for most pests. However, environmental concerns, loss of certain pesticides and new or impending regulations threaten the use of many traditional techniques for control of many of the pests. Codling moth (Cydia pomonella), walnut husk fly (Rhagoletis completa), and walnut aphid (Chromaphis juglandicola) are the major insects that affect California walnut production. Control strategies that use integrated pest manage

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Bextine, Blake, Astri Wayadande, B. D. Bruton, S. D. Pair, Forrest Mitchell, and Jacqueline Fletcher. "Effect of Insect Exclusion on the Incidence of Yellow Vine Disease and of the Associated Bacterium in Squash." Plant Disease 85, no. 8 (2001): 875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.8.875.

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Yellow vine (YV) of cucurbits, associated with a phloem-limited bacterium, causes rapid wilting and death in affected plants. In a previous study, experimental insecticide-treated plots had a lower incidence of YV than untreated plots, suggesting that insects were involved in the transmission of the bacterium. In the study reported here, we compared the incidence of YV and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of the YV bacterium in noncovered squash plants (Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo) with plants covered with fine-mesh fabric secured in such a way that insects were excluded. Rows of squ

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Wallhead, Matthew, and Heping Zhu. "Decision Support Systems for Plant Disease and Insect Management in Commercial Nurseries in the Midwest: A Perspective Review1." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 35, no. 2 (2017): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-35.2.84.

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Abstract Decision-support systems (DSS) are techniques that help decision makers utilize models to solve problems under complex and uncertain conditions. Predicting conditions that warrant intervention is a key tenet of the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) with the use of expert systems and pest models being characteristics of higher-level IPM. In this paper, potentials of four DSS including Ag-Radar, NEWA, RIMpro and Skybit to be used for ornamental nursery production are discussed. These systems were previously developed for orchard growers to effectively manage plant diseases and

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Kisera, Ya V., Yu G. Storchak, and L. Ya Bozhyk. "Cross-border dissemination of lumpy skin disease: risc analysis for Ukraine." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 88 (2018): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet8824.

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National biosecurity is a system of organizational and technical measures that help protect humans, animals and the environment from potential and actual biological threats. That is why analysis of the main hazardous biological sources for humans and animals has been carried out. The influence of climate change on the animals’ welfare as well as their predisposition to the deferred type tendency is proved. The prevalence of vector diseases of animals, mycoses and mycotoxicoses, which can manifest themselves in the form of such emergencies as outbreaks of exotic diseases, large-scale epizootics

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Mallarangeng, Rahayu Rahayu, Muhammad Taufik Muhayang, M. Tufaila H, and Rachmawati Hasid Hasid. "Refugia Plant Pest and Disease Management in Wolasi, South Konawe Wolasi." JURNAL KARYA PENGABDIAN 4, no. 2 (2022): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jkp.v4i2.129.

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Exposure to synthetic chemicals for plant pest organisms (OPT) is the main choice for farmers. One alternative pest control is planting refugia plants. Refugia plants can attract beneficial insects and antagonistic agents to come to the plant. Furthermore, it can control the pest population naturally. The purpose of the service is technical guidance on the application of refugia technology in cayenne pepper cultivation. The method used is technical guidance and the manufacture of demonstration plots of chili plants using refugia plants. The comparator is the chili plant which is not refugia. T

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Oehme, Viktoriya, Petra Högy, Jürgen Franzaring, Claus P. W. Zebitz, and Andreas Fangmeier. "Pest and disease abundance and dynamics in wheat and oilseed rape as affected by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations." Functional Plant Biology 40, no. 2 (2013): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp12162.

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Future atmospheric CO2 concentrations are predicted to increase, and directly affect host plant phenology, which, in turn, is assumed to mediate the performance of herbivorous insects indirectly as well as the abundance and epidemiology of plant diseases. In a 4-year field experiment, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Triso) and spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Campino) were grown using a mini- free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) system, which consisted of a control (CON), an ambient treatment (AMB) and FACE treatments. The CON and AMB treatments did not receive additional CO2, where

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Winks, C. J., M. T. Andersen, J. G. Charles, and R. E. Beever. "Identification of Zeoliarus oppositus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) as a Vector of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense’." Plant Disease 98, no. 1 (2014): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-13-0421-re.

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‘Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense’ is associated with a number of plant diseases in New Zealand. The only known vector of this pathogen was Zeoliarus atkinsoni, a planthopper considered to be monophagous on New Zealand flax (Phormium spp.). The work carried out shows that Z. oppositus, which is polyphagous, is able to vector ‘Ca. P. australiense’ to both Coprosma robusta (karamu) and Cordyline australis (New Zealand cabbage tree). Although transmission was achieved to both these species, the disease symptomatology was more evident in C. australis. Two approaches were taken to achieve transm

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Malysheva, Angelina, Alma Kokhmetova, Rakhym Urazaliev, et al. "Phenotyping and Identification of Molecular Markers Associated with Leaf Rust Resistance in the Wheat Germplasm from Kazakhstan, CIMMYT and ICARDA." Plants 12, no. 15 (2023): 2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12152786.

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Leaf rust (LR) is the most widespread disease of common wheat worldwide. In order to evaluate leaf rust resistance, 70 uncharacterized wheat cultivars and promising lines with unknown leaf rust resistance genes (Lr genes) were exposed to Kazakhstani Puccinia triticina (Pt) races at the seedling stage. Field tests were performed to characterize leaf rust responses at the adult plant growth stage in the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 cropping seasons. The wheat collection showed phenotypic diversity when tested with two virulent races of Pt. Thirteen wheat genotypes (18.6%) showed high resistance at bo

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Wilson, Joanne A., and Murray B. Isman. "Influence of essential oils on toxicity and pharmacokinetics of the plant toxin thymol in the larvae of Trichoplusia ni." Canadian Entomologist 138, no. 4 (2006): 578–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n06-801.

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AbstractThe present study was undertaken to determine the influence of some major constituents of plant essential oils on the toxicity and fate of thymol, a phenolic monoterpene from garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) (Lamiaceae), following topical administration to the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Tested individually, trans-anethole (LD50 = 71.2 µg/larva) and methyl salicylate (93.6 µg/larva) were the most toxic, whereas phenylethyl propionate (555.8 µg/larva) and mineral oil (2279.3 µg/larva) were the least toxic. However, when coadministered, mineral oil

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Abobatta, Waleed Fouad. "Role of Nano-Biotechnology in Agricultural Sector." Advance Research in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry (AROIC) 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54026/aroic/1004.

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Nano-biotechnology applications use in various fields in the last decades, while, Nano-biotechnology has a significant role in the agricultural sector. There are various challenges facing agriculture production, particularly climate change conditions and biotic stress such as pathogens and insects, which affects negatively various crop production, particularly the horticultural crops. Nanotechnology is considered a key tool for improving agricultural production, there are numerous advantages of the application of Nano-biotechnology like target delivery of various agrochemicals for specific sit

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