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Sjödin, Ulrika. "Insiders’ outside/Outsiders’ inside : Rethinking the insider regulation." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, School of Business, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-944.
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<p>Financial speculation has increased dramatically over the last 30 years. This means that a practice that used to be viewed as immoral <i>gambling</i> has become legitimate financial <i>trade</i>. This book explores the<i> genealogy</i> of the coexisting<i> insider trading laws</i>. The insider regulation prohibits trade based on privileged information in order to create equal trading conditions, and in this way uphold confidence in the financial markets among the general public. However, this study shows that the existing view of the insider regulation is <i>misleading</i> and that the regulation is best understood as a <i>game rule</i> aiming to <i>stimulate</i> financial speculation. The protection interest is therefore not primarily the general public, but the financial system as such: the professional market actors sustaining the speculative activities and a growing financial sector. </p><p>The consequence of stimulating financial speculation is that today’s authorities are attempting to make the financial markets into a lotto-like game, rather than a market for long-term investment. To make the financial markets into liquid and volatile public “games” means that the <i>risks</i> involved in the financial speculation are created by the human hand and the economic system<i> itself</i> rather than being naturally given. This places <i>desire</i> rather than rational <i>needs</i> as the fundamental ground of the economy. The concluding question is; why are we making our economy into a game? </p>
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Sjödin, Ulrika. "Insiders' outside/outsiders' inside : rethinking the insider regulation /." Stockholm : School of Business, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-944.
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Clements, Cassie. "Outside inside /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/11100.
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Thesis (M.F.A.)--West Virginia University, 2010.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, 42 p. : col. ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 23).
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Plicque, Ann. "Inside, Outside." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1165.
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Delgado, Christina Michelle. "Inside + Outside." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33883.
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A study of public and private space through human scale architectural elements: Window, Material and Path. The project is an urban infill that is very narrow and long, and incorporates an alley that connects one side of the block to another. The program combines a small restaurant with a home above for the family that owns it. Questions of light and privacy immediately arise, and the thesis begins.
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A window is typically a two dimensional object that opens for light and air. Window is a dining room overlooking a garden or a large sill to sit on. Window is not only part of the façade but also breaks through it, bringing small private spaces beyond the building boundaries and defining the interior spaces of the home. Window is also a small skylight facing east, scooping in soft morning light to a bedroom.
The materials of a building are what it is made of: its cladding, waterproofing, walls and floors. Material makes an emotive space through touch and reflection. Concrete is heavy, rough and protective, Concrete is boundary. Contrastingly, Wood is soft, flexible and changing, Wood is home.
<p>An alley is a narrow walkway, an undesirable secondary access point. How can an alley become Path? Path is an invitation to walk and be, Path is not the same from beginning to end. Path belongs to the city, the restaurant, and the pedestrian.<p>
Inside + Outside studies what makes these public and private places at the human scale, and how architecture appeals to intuition rather than definition.<br>Master of Architecture
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Andersen, Steven P. "Inside outside between." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53412.
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Sundvall, Elin. "Reading inside & outside." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231990.
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Peter EIsenman writes in The End of the Classical: The End of the Beginning, the End of the The End; “that the activity of reading architecture, objects and spaces is an activity of recognizing them as a language. Reading, in this sense, makes a level of indication available rather than a level of meaning or expression. Every object, model and drawing, should be made with the awareness that it can be read similar to a text. In other words the objects must have the capacity to reveal themselves as a reading event. The reader is not presumed to know the nature of truth in the object, the reader should be able to use it as a medium.”
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Pope, Aurora Maria. "Inside, Outside, In-Between." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1932.
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The artist discusses her Master of Fine Arts exhibition, Inside, Outside, In-Between, held at the Carroll Reece Museum on the campus of East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, from February 26 through March 13, 2008. The works included in this exhibition are a collection of paintings that employ the use of traditional and non-traditional materials to explore the connections between place and memory.
These pieces are investigations into materiality and process, combining local beeswax, sticks, garden soil, charcoal, and ashes together with oil, shellac, oil pastel, pencil, and other traditional artist's materials.
Ideas discussed include materiality, process, composition, cropping, collective and selective memory, landmarks, archaeology, gardening, borders and boundaries, parietal Paleolithic art and the art of the Abstract Expressionists, ritual, alchemy, time, liminality, and the influences of Michelle Stuart, Mary Frank, and Cai Guo-Qiang.
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Alton, Borgelin Teresa. "Inside/outside - and all between." Thesis, Konstfack, Ädellab/Metallformgivning, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-6809.
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I feel something on the INSIDE of my body, a feeling of nagging worry. It is an emotion equally important as every other emotions we humans have. But the feeling of worry is very complex as it may come in different shapes and sizes, and how much it affects us differs from person to person. For some people thoughts of worry escalates and becomes overwhelming which causes an emotion of anxiety which in turn could lead to a panik attack. In my exam project and my artistic presentation I focus on that emotion of anxiety when you panic and you loose control. The reason for this emotion could be many but I am interested in how expectations and demands both from ourselves, others and society leads to us trying to keep it all together, stay in control and/or wanting to show an OUTSIDE that everything is fine. Through social media, internet and commercials we are all exposed to information which tells us how to achieve ”the perfect life” and images of people having an eventful life. All of this creates expectations. In society today worry and anxiety are emotions that are connected to something negative and is often seen as a weakness. In our attempt to hide the emotion of worry and anxiety we communicate to the people on the outside that everything is fine, by for example using jewelry, make-up and clothes to show a beautiful facade almost like putting on a shield before we go outside to meet the world. Why do we do that? And for whom? I chose the necklace as the traditional piece of jewelry to symbolize beauty, stability and to communicate to people that you have everything under control and that everything is fine. The necklace becomes part of the facade that will stand for beauty, tradition and a measure of prosperity. This is what you show on the outside of the body but on the inside that is where you hide away your worries and anxiety which is built up due to expectations. Expectations which in time will be too many and too much for you to handle, the same as with anxiety. One part of my artistic presentation is to try and visualise how these expectations are put upon you while you are trying to control them and at the same time show off a stable and beautiful outside. But no matter how hard you try to communicate that everything is fine and trying to keep everything together, in the end, what you feel on the inside of the body will seep out to the outside. I am making a attempt to show how this eventually makes you loose control. The beautiful necklace is impossible to sustain which also makes me question my own traditional view of what a necklace is. Another part of my artistic presentation is about value and to make objects that could be used as conversation pieces to start a dialog about worry and anxiety. The materials I am using symbolises the feeling when anxiety takes control of your body and staines the individual. The aim of this exam project is to raise thoughts about a complex emotion, norms in society, and to investigate what a necklace is or could be. Jewelry is a way of communicating with other people and one way to show who you are or whom you want to be. As a contemporary art jeweller I am exploring my topic in a conceptual way.
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Barker, Brian. "Ecological Mediation: Dialectics of Inside and Outside." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1275667998.
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Cortez, Nancy. "Lifelong Learner: Inside and Outside the Classroom." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/124.
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There are various experiences that shape a teacher, especially during the first year as a teacher. During a twelve month ethnographic study, I set out on the endeavor to answer the question, what makes an effective teacher? The study commences with a personal narrative, introducing who I am and why I chose to become an educator. A vast majority of this ethnography focuses on my experiences as a resident teacher at Freedom Elementary located in the city of South Gate, just Southeast of the city of Los Angeles. Three students from my class served as case studies in which I used an ethnographic methodology to find their assets and needs and create an individualized action plan that addresses their needs. Getting to know my student is just one part of being an effective teacher; another part of being an effective teacher is also knowing my class, the school and the community. This was done by taking an in depth look at my classroom and my class as a whole, becoming a community member and attending school and community events. Following my in depth look into my classroom, school, and community, I was able to reflect on some of my experiences as a first year teacher and how they have helped shape me as a teacher.
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Dorsey, Katherine. "Inside/outside : a critical approach to international theory /." Title page and contents only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ard718.pdf.
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Rosen, Philipp von Heizer Michael. "Michael Heizer : Outside and Inside the White Cube /." München : Schreiber, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0703/2006436579.html.
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Al-Yaqout, Ghada Q. O. "'Inside, outside, 'app'side down' : defining the picturebook series." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607850.
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Mathis, Neil W. "Inside of an outside in time time| Thoughtitarium." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1603757.
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<p> Since the Devonian Period, 360 million years ago, trees have been foundational for the survival of aerobic life. Today, most humans relate to trees through the idea, material and commodity of wood. This understanding is primarily informed by its use as a building material: the formal attributes of its grain pattern read to assess structural integrity and aesthetic applications. I think of these marks as autonomous and unique natural drawings, documenting time in a scale different from our lifespan. Wood’s composition of cellulose and lignin create patterns that record temporal fluctuations in precipitation and the unique soil compounds of each tree’s growth site as a codex. As an MFA candidate, I used woodworking techniques to explore the relationship between temporality and materiality. Along the way, I became interested in the reductive carving techniques of woodturning as a metaphor for this investigation: cutting through layers of time. Small segments of wood were laminated together in mathematical patterns and turned to reveal parabolic grids on the interior and exterior surface of each object. This study led me to consider the limitations that traditional art display conventions impose on the viewer’s perception of an artwork, and to the realization of the <i>Thoughtitarium; </i> an eight-foot diameter fiberglass hemisphere that hovered above the gallery floor in architectural scale.</p>
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Basil, Pamela. "White on the inside, brown on the outside." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97023.
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This project aims to equip people with a more nuanced understanding of cross-racial adoptive identity. This will be actualised through the telling of my own personal lived experiences, as well as other cross race adoptees’ stories.
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Oldekop, Johan. "The conservation of biodiversity inside and outside protected areas." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-conservation-of-biodiversity-inside-and-outside-protected-areas(a4c6a143-5dac-40ce-ac51-4e9ce68c661a).html.
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In recent decades there has been a push to try and include communities in natural resource conservation initiatives. This thesis uses a multidisciplinary approach and a series of case studies in the Ecuadorian Amazon to look at the role that common property regimes can have in conservation initiatives. Results show that community managed forests can have positive conservation outcomes. Local communities, however, will often integrate into local market economies creating significant tradeoffs between livelihoods, local management decisions and natural resource conservation. Nonetheless, resource scarcity can drive the evolution of local resource management institutions and communities have the potential to accurately monitor changes in natural resources. These results suggest that local communities have the potential to play an important role in conservation practices but that local economic incentives can affect the way in which communities manage their resources.
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Gouge, Dawn. "Integrated Pest Management Works Inside and Outside School Buildings." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/246073.
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Robinson, Susan. "Primary Headteachers : New leadership roles inside and outside the school." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505979.
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Ruchinski, David John. "Inside/outside : a narrative of (Il)literacy, pedagogy, and change." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287417604.
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Griffith, Anna M. "Implementing an AIDS ministry model inside and outside the congregation." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Gatti, Matthew. "Inside/Outside: Representations of Invisible Illness in The Who's Quadrophenia." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/506758.
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Music Performance<br>D.M.A.<br>In The Who’s second rock opera Quadrophenia, a fictitious teenager suffers from a mental illness that gives him four distinct personalities. Its main songwriter, Pete Townshend, uses the disorder and the four personalities as a means to represent the four members of The Who through the teenage protagonist, a young mod named Jimmy. Townshend reveals Jimmy’s disposition at the conclusion of a lament written from Jimmy’s perspective in Quadrophenia’s liner notes, in a harrowing confession: “Schizophrenic? I’m bleeding quadrophenic.” In this monograph, I will examine Quadrophenia for its representations of mental illness through textual, musical, and historical perspectives and how these perspectives provide evidence toward a storyline based around the cultural concept of madness. Mental illness is an invisible illness, for the inflicted does not present noticeable symptoms to others, making it difficult to perceive and accurately diagnose. That is why within popular culture, schizophrenia is oftentimes used interchangeably with multiple personality disorder (now known as dissociative identity disorder), as is the case with Jimmy in Quadrophenia. Although these disorders are not at all similar, both are considered under the broader umbrella of madness, a term which historically was of medical and legal significance but gained political and ideological meanings in our modern society. Quadrophenia was meant as a tribute and celebration of The Who’s beginnings within the mid-60s London mod subculture. The invisible illness aspect of the storyline is worth investigating for its avoidance of treating mental illness within the medical model, in which it is considered to be a deficit of normalcy that is in need of a fix or cure. Though Jimmy struggles with his illness, it is mostly viewed as part of his adolescent character and then further used as a way of musically and textually representing The Who and the musicians’ individual characters. The Who were the epitome of music and madness; their music often spoke in terms of deviance and disobedience, while their live performances were physical and objectionably loud, sometimes concluding with the destruction of instruments. Treating mental illness, as well as physical and developmental impairments, as difference rather than deficit, is a key principle of current disability studies and its cultural model of disability. This is in opposition to the biological model in the medical field. Society has constructed madness as a binary to sanity, and thus a contrast to normalcy. As this binary is still in practice today, society as a whole continues to stigmatize mental illness and forces it to remain invisible. The Who and their embodiment of mental illness in Quadrophenia are meant not merely to arouse sympathy for Jimmy, but also to empower mental illness as a basis of character strength. The following monograph begins with an introduction to music and disability studies regarding mental illness. The next chapter offers a glimpse into the literature on The Who and Quadrophenia, including a survey of a 2013 conference dedicated exclusively to Quadrophenia. Finally, a chapter analyzes representations of mental illness in Quadrophenia within the music, society, and The Who themselves before a brief concluding chapter.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Islam, Md Iftekharul, and Anahita Dahmalani. "Medium Effectiveness:Placement Strategies for Digital Signage : Inside and Outside Store Locations." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35046.
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<p>In this age of ubiquitous advertisement, people are getting more and more burdened withadvertising clutter. Digital Signage (DS) has evolved to be a new medium that can cut throughthis clutter and reach a large number of consumers. Though Digital Signage was introduced asan in-store advertising medium, soon it started to replace traditional static billboards with thebenefit of technological advancement.</p><p>While advertising effectiveness is a much discussed subject, effectiveness of an advertisingmedia is still a less explored area. Our research explored the effectiveness of Digital Signageas an advertising media in terms of its placement inside of a store and outside of a store. Atthe beginning we developed a model to measure the effectiveness of Digital Signage on thebasis of an existing model, termed as Advertising Response Model (ARM). Based onprofound study and analysis of previous literature on advertising and media effectiveness,consumer psychology, outdoor advertising and intermediate measurement variables weconstructed the modified version of ARM that deemed to be the best fit with our purpose. Wefurther developed four hypotheses on the basis of the four major variables of our model.</p><p>The result of our study indicated that placement of Digital Signage inside and outside of thestore environment impacts the variables of Attention, Recall and Media Liking of theaudience differently. However, no significant difference in consumers’ Buying Interest issupported. Placing Digital Signage inside of the store as well outside of the store both hasdifferent degrees of impact on consumers in terms of Attention, Recall and Media Liking. Thecorrelations among the variables were also explored and thus we presented some strategicinsights about the placement of Digital Signage and practical implications for managers in thescope of our study.</p><p>Our research area has received comparatively less academic attention than other advertisingmedia. However, considering the growing importance of Digital Signage as a groundbreakingadvertising medium and scope of future research work, we believe Digital Signage will be asubject of interest for the academics, the advertisers as well as for the companies.</p>
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Teratani-Goto, Kimiko. "Interactive activities, promoting naturalistic exchanges inside/outside the second language classroom." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29138.pdf.
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Jones, Laura E. "Inside and Outside 1101: First-Year Student Perceptions of Academic Writing." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/122.
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First-year undergraduate students have vastly different perceptions of academic writing, the writing process, and the value of writing within their specific academic disciplines. These perceptions differ not only from their instructors but also from their peers. Yet, while reams of literature discuss, debate, and decipher student perspectives of writing from a scholarly point of view, the first-year student voice is conspicuously absent from this discussion. This study followed 92 first-year students through their first college composition course, English 1101, in order to capture the student perspective of how writing fits in their academic careers. The results indicate that while most students acknowledge first-year composition to be essential to their academic development, few report writing assignments in courses outside of 1101. This raises questions about how students identify writing activities and also suggests avenues for further inquiry, particularly the need for follow-up research at the culmination of their undergraduate careers.
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Lai, Kam-hung, and 黎錦雄. "Air quality study inside and outside vehicular tunnels in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252874.
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Lovett, Matthew. "Outside on the inside : musical improvisation according to contemporary materialist thought." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2018. http://research.gold.ac.uk/23691/.
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One of the precursors to this PhD project was an awareness that a great deal of writing about music aesthetics, the practice of making music and the nature of listening to music, is often either knowingly or unknowingly grounded in a set of philosophical debates that predate (sometimes quite considerably) the music that is being written about. As such, there is a sense in which critical perspectives on improvised music practice, if they are to be relevant, need to take into account more recent developments in philosophical and theoretical thought, and one of the objectives of this study is to meet that challenge by mapping of some of the key aspects of twentieth and twenty-first century thought that have their roots in what could be described as ‘philosophies of immanence’ onto various aspects of improvisation. From the outset, this project is written from a maker’s perspective, and takes the form of a piece of extended research that takes as its starting point the idea that musical improvisation is a form of creative thinking in action. From this position, the process of improvising and an improvised piece of music, to some extent bear the traces of the thought that has given rise to both the music and the improvising itself. By grounding the research in a set of the afore-mentioned ‘philosophies of immanence’, it is therefore my intention to develop new ways of thinking about how improvisation works, new ways to describe what is happening when we hear musicians improvising, and new ways to understand what kinds of changes and innovations are brought to bear on the resources and materials – in other words the musical knowledge, the skills, the instruments, and a wider set of musical contexts and environments – that musicians have at their disposal during an improvisation.
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McNeil, Kenneth Michael. "Inside and outside the nation : highland identity in nineteenth-century Britain." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1233598225.
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Lai, Kam-hung. "Air quality study inside and outside vehicular tunnels in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13813626.
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Hu, Songcui, Zi-Lin He, Daniela P. Blettner, and Richard A. Bettis. "Conflict inside and outside: Social comparisons and attention shifts in multidivisional firms." WILEY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626023.
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Research summary: Behavioral Theory highlights the crucial role of social comparisons in attention allocation in adaptive aspirations. Yet, both the specification of social reference points and the dynamics of attention allocation have received little scholarly examination. We address performance feedback from two social reference points relative to divisions in multidivisional firms: economic reference point and political reference point. Comparing divisional performance with the two reference points can give consistent or inconsistent feedback, which has important consequences for the dynamics of attention allocation in adaptive aspirations. We find consistent feedback leads to more attention to own experience, while inconsistent feedback results in more attention to the social reference point the focal division underperforms. Results reveal that political reference point plays an important role in determining managerial attention allocation.Managerial summary: This article is based on how goal-based performance of divisions relative to both their relevant external market rivals and sister divisions in multidivisional firms influences corporate resource allocation. As a result, various combinations of performance against the two groups of peers drive the reallocation of divisional management attention. We show that specific attention shifts occur on average as a function of the focal division's performance relative to the marketplace performance and that of sister divisions. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Juutinen, J. (Jaana). "Inside or outside?:small stories about the politics of belonging in preschools." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526218816.
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Abstract This study brings together the politics of belonging, relational narrative inquiry and values and values education in the context of Finnish early childhood education. The study draws on the politics of belonging within which belonging and exclusion are understood as relational rather than individual phenomena. The significant relations for belonging and exclusion do not just emerge between humans, but they are also material, cultural and political. The study asks how the politics of belonging are shaped in young children’s diverse relations in a Finnish preschool context. The onto-epistemological premise of the study relies on the relational narrative inquiry. The study was implemented in six Finnish preschools, where the children’s ages ranged from 1 to 5 years. The research material consisted of written small stories, videos, participatory observations, field notes and discussions with the educators. The analysis was based on holistic reading and re-reading and supported by the idea of small stories and theory of gaps. The findings highlight three interrelated entrances to understanding the politics of belonging in the preschool context. First, the study emphasises the politics of belonging as constantly shaped and lived in daily encounters. The findings illustrated the co-existence of belonging and exclusion. Usually it was one child who was excluded by other children in the fleeting moments of daily life, and often when the educators were not present. Second, the study reveals the meaning of the pedagogical practices in the politics of belonging. Pedagogical practices were tightly surrounded with the materiality, institutional routines and cultural aspects, such as spaces, artefacts, routines, rules, curriculum and legislation. The third entrance provides insights into the value-bound nature of the politics of belonging. Belonging emerged as closely related to democratic, caring and disciplinary values. The findings raised a tension between individually and collectively oriented values. The study argues for understanding the politics of belonging shaped in a landscape of diverse relations and value fields, where the children were active agents in their belonging and exclusion<br>Tiivistelmä Väitöskirja yhdistää yhteenkuuluvuuden politiikan, suhteisen kerronnallisen tutkimuksen sekä arvot ja arvokasvatuksen suomalaisen varhaiskasvatuksen kontekstissa. Yhteenkuuluvuuden politiikka käsitteenä haastaa tutkimaan yhteenkuuluvuutta ja poissuljetuksi tulemista suhteissa muotoutuvana ilmiönä ennemmin kuin yksilön näkökulmasta. Suhteisuus nostaa esille ihmisten välisten suhteiden lisäksi myös materiaaliset, kulttuuriset ja poliittiset suhteet merkityksellisinä yhteenkuuluvuudelle. Tutkimus kysyy: Kuinka yhteenkuuluvuuden politiikka muotoutuu pienten lasten moninaisissa suhteissa suomalaisessa päiväkotikontekstissa? Tutkimuksen onto-epistemologinen lähtökohta on suhteisessa kerronnallisessa tutkimusotteessa. Tutkimus toteutettiin kuudessa päiväkodissa, joissa lapset olivat 1–5-vuotiaita. Tutkimusaineisto koostui kirjoitetuista pienistä kertomuksista, videoista, osallistuvista havainnoinneista, muistiinpanoista ja keskusteluista varhaiskasvattajien kanssa. Tutkimusaineiston analyysi pohjautui kokonaisvaltaiseen luentaan ja uudelleen luentaan, soveltaen kerronnallisia käsitteitä ”pienet kertomukset” ja ”välien teoria”. Tulokset tuovat esille kolme toisiinsa kietoutunutta näkökulmaa. Ensiksi tutkimus korostaa yhteenkuuluvuuden politiikkaa jatkuvasti muuttuvana ja arjen kohtaamisissa muotoutuvana ilmiönä. Tulokset havainnollistavat yhteenkuuluvuuden ja poissuljetuksi tulemisen samanaikaista olemassaoloa. Yleensä yksi lapsi poissuljettiin leikin ulkopuolelle arjen ohikiitävissä hetkissä, joissa työntekijöitä ei ollut läsnä. Toiseksi tutkimus nostaa esille pedagogisten käytänteiden merkityksen. Pedagogiset käytänteet suhteissa materiaan, institutionaalisiin rutiineihin ja kulttuurisiin näkökulmiin tuottivat yhteenkuulumista ja poissuljetuksi tulemista. Tulokset avaavat tilojen, tavaroiden, rutiinien, sääntöjen, varhaiskasvatussuunnitelman perusteiden sekä lainsäädännön merkityksiä. Kolmas näkökulma avaa arvojen ja arvokasvatuksen kietoutuneisuuden. Yhteenkuuluvuuden politiikka liittyy läheisesti demokraattisiin, hoivan ja välittämisen sekä kurin ja järjestyksen arvoalueisiin. Tutkimus paljastaa jännitteitä suhteessa yksilöllisiin ja yhteisöllisiin arvoihin. Tutkimus haastaa tarkastelemaan yhteenkuuluvuuden politiikkaa moninaisten suhteiden ja arvojen maisemassa, jossa lapset ovat aktiivisia toimijoita yhteenkuulumisessaan ja poissuljetuksi tulemisessaan
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Rivard, Brady A. "Inside the compass' circle, outside of You; a collection of short stories." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0008/MQ52746.pdf.
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Gerdin, Emma, and Dahlberg Emelie Holmbom. "Outside the box - Inside care : En deskriptiv studie om effektivitet i vården." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24617.
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The study is based on a new approach on how Swedish healthcare is supposed to be controlled and organized. There is a renowned administration problem within Swedish healthcare, which seems to be an obstacle to exploit the resources to the fullest. The latest venture within the healthcare system is patient involvement, where the patients become co-producers of their own care, which aims to both improve and make healthcare more efficient. A few wards in Sweden have implemented this new approach whereupon the study intends to discuss the effectiveness and efficiency in some of these. The study is restricted to three wards, whereof two of these are inpatient wards and the other one is an outpatient ward, within the medical clinic in Jönköping County Council, which has implemented the patient involvement approach in their daily work. The methodology for this study is qualitative in its nature where a time study of personnel time allocation and supplementary interviews with managing nurses on the wards have been conducted. A thematic analysis was then conducted to analyse the generated data, which is connected and supported by the theoretical framework. The theoretical framework consists of theories regarding opportunities and assessing effectiveness and theories on what creates the quality and value of service organizations to assess the efficiency. The results show that all the investigated departments have a relatively high efficiency potential and the utilization of the resources of the department is acceptable. It is found that some efficiency is possible from both an inner and outer effectiveness perspective. The physicians were found to spend least time with patients, while nurses and assistant nurses spend more time with patients, who are linked with their potential for knowledge of what is perceived value for the patient. All wards are working with patient involvement in a way that seeks to increase patient knowledge about their own care, and the personnel’s knowledge of the patient's requests, which contributes to an external efficiency. It is finally found that the patient involvement approach does not directly lead to a high external efficiency. Much of the patient involvement that takes place has the goal of creating value for the patient, which it can do. Though, researchers argue that it is rather the interaction with the patient that provides knowledge of what exactly creates value, suggesting that the time spent with the patient is important.<br>Studien grundar sig i en förändrad syn på hur sjukvården i Sverige ska styras och organiseras. Det finns en omtalad administrationsproblematik inom svensk hälso- och sjukvård vilket tycks vara ett hinder för att kunna utnyttja resurserna till fullo. Den senaste satsningen inom hälso- och sjukvård är patientinvolvering, där patienterna blir samproducenter av sin egen vård, vilken syftar både förbättra och effektivisera sjukvården. Ett fåtal vårdavdelningar i Sverige har implementerat detta nya arbetssätt varpå studien ämnar diskutera hur effektiviteten ser ut på några av dessa Studien är avgränsad till tre vårdavdelningar, varav två slutenvårdsavdelningar och en öppenvårdsavdelning, inom medicinkliniken i Jönköpings Läns Landsting, vilka implementerat arbetssättet med patientinvolvering i deras dagliga arbete. Metoden för studien är av kvalitativ karaktär där både en tidsstudie över personalens arbetstidfördelning genomförts samt kompletterande intervjuer med ansvariga sjuksköterskor på vårdavdelningarna. En tematisk analys genomfördes sedan för att analysera genererade data vilket kopplas och hämtar stöd från den teoretiska referensramen. Den teoretiska referensramen består av teorier gällande möjligheter till och bedömning av effektivitet samt teorier om vad som skapar kvalitet och värde inom tjänsteorganisationer för att kunna bedöma den yttre effektiviteten. Resultatet visar att samtliga undersökta avdelningar har en relativt hög effektivitetspotential och att utnyttjandet av resurserna på avdelningarna är godtagbart. Det konstateras att viss effektivisering är möjlig både utifrån ett inre- och yttre effektivitetsperspektiv. Läkarna visar sig spendera minst tid med patienterna medan sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor spenderar mer tid med patienterna vilket kopplas samman med deras möjligheter till kunskap om vad som upplevs vara värde för patienten. Samtliga avdelningar arbetar med patientinvolvering på ett sätt som syftar ökar patientens kunskap om sin egen vård, samt personalens kunskap om patientens önskemål, vilket bidrar till en yttre effektivitet. Till sist konstateras att patientinvolvering som arbetssätt inte direkt leder till en hög yttre effektivitet. Mycket av den patientinvolvering som sker har målet att skapa värde för patienten, vilket det kan göra. Forskarna menar dock att det snarare är interaktionen med patienten som ger kunskap om vad som skapar värde, vilket tyder på att tiden som spenderas med patienten är viktig.
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Msuha, M. J. "Human impacts on carnivore biodiversity inside and outside protected areas in Tanzania." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18565/.
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Conservation of biodiversity throughout the world is often characterized by the establishment of protected areas. The implementation of this approach is extremely challenging particularly in developing countries due to expanding human population and demand for resources. Yet, information that is needed to guide managers and policy makers to develop effective conservation strategies is scarce in most of these countries. This thesis aimed to explore the impact of human activities on carnivore biodiversity inside and outside Tarangire National Park in Tanzania using camera traps, and to assess attitudes of agropastoralists towards carnivores using interviews. Results showed no significant difference in carnivore species richness between the park and communal grazing areas outside the park, but was a significantly different between the park and cultivated areas outside it. Non-carnivore species richness was significantly higher outside the park in grazing areas than either within the park or in cultivated areas. However, relative abundance of both carnivores and non-carnivores were both significantly higher in the park than in either grazing areas or cultivated areas outside the park. These variations in species richness and relative abundances are apparently due to differences in the intensity and extent of human use between these areas. Estimation of species absolute abundances targeted individually identifiable species in the park only. Results showed that density of animals per 100 km2 was: leopard (7.9 ± 2.09), serval (10.9 ± 3.17), and aardwolf (9.0 ± 2.54). No estimates were obtained for spotted hyaena and common genet due to a lack of recaptures, while variation in trail density, prey availability, and camera spacing appear to influence species capture. Attitudinal surveys revealed a low level of wildlife-related benefits and reported levels of conflict were generally high despite low levels of livestock depredation, suggesting other factors such as demand for land might be important in the reported conflict.
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Hakalisto, Tuomas. "Inside or Outside: Discourse strategies of Finnish and Japanese workers in Japan." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och lärande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37459.
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The aim of this cross-cultural study is to analyze discourse strategies between Finnish and Japanese participants regarding the indexing of in-group and out-group dynamics in Japanese communication. This research is going to concentrate on Finnish and Japanese people’s use of Japanese language to establish uchi/soto (inside/outside) relationships in work-related instances. This study focuses solely on the in-group and out-group dynamics and socio-pragmatic features during interactions with addressees from inside and outside the company, because in these situations the contrast between the dynamics of in-groups and out-groups is often more transparent. The data was processed and analyzed using a Discourse Completion Task (DCT) survey.This research aims to answer two questions: How different are the nuanced uses of polite expressions and the politeness strategies between the Finnish and the Japanese respondents, and could it be possible that both respondent groups index uchi and soto relationships in the same way through language use?The results showed similarities in the use of politeness strategies between both groups. Differences were found in code-switching between various politeness levels. The data only serves as an indicator for the hypothesis and gives further room for future research.
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Vanheusden, Frederique Jos. "Inside-out against outside-in inverse solutions for estimating atrial fibrillation sources." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39851.
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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequently occurring cardiac arrhythmia. Further understanding of the drivers and maintainers of AF is still necessary to improve treatment strategies and outcome. This thesis focussed on identifying AF sources using body-surface mapping and non-contact endocardial mapping (NCM, inside-out inverse solution) data. Analysis was focussed on dominant frequency (DF) and highest dominant frequency (HDF) behaviour. Atrial sources on the atrial muscle were estimated from body surface mapping (BSM) using a heterogeneous torso model (outside-in inverse solution). The current work has shown that a significant difference exists between the DF and HDF behaviour on the BSM and NCM data. This shows the effect of the torso volume conductor on BSM data as previously suggested in simulation studies. This effect should be taken into account when analysing BSM data for diagnosing AF. In this work, a new inside-out inverse solution was developed based on equivalent double layer cardiac sources. This was compared to commercially available software (EnSite, St Jude Medical), which was considered the gold standard. This system is based on a potential-based transfer, and therefore only provides a “closer look” at the pericardial potentials, but does not estimate sources. Due to this variation in source model, significant differences could be found between the inverse solutions, leading to high regularisation parameters to force the home-made inverse solution to be as equal as possible to the gold standard. This also meant that high-frequency components could not be reproduced accurately with the home-made algorithm, leading to significant variation in DF and HDF behaviour between both inside-out inverse solutions. Lastly a double-layer based outside-in inverse solution was developed and compared to the gold standard inside-out inverse solution. Although both solutions originate from a different source model, it was possible to reconstruct simple AF behaviour based on the HDF behaviour.
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Johnson, Kendall P. "Adolescent Students’ Perspectives of Technology Use Both Inside and Outside the Classroom." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2017. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/132.
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Technology is now the norm in our educational setting. The literature shows a vast increase in technology implementation and use both inside and outside the classroom over the past few decades. Overall, the studies show a balanced mix of positive and negative perspectives of using technology for educational purposes from students, teachers, administrators, as well as from outsiders. The literature also shows a mix of academic and social effects. Unfortunately, there is little known about how adolescents perceive their use of technology for enhancing their personal academic and social performance, two areas of developmental importance. Using mixed methods design, set in an urban junior high school in Northeast Texas,research questions addressed how much and how often technology is being used in the classroom, as well as specific ways it is being used, through educator surveys. This study also explored adolescent learners’ attitudes toward and opinions about using technology in the classroom, specific ways adolescent learners use technology for academic purposes both inside and outside the classroom, as well as how adolescent learners are engaging with peers through technology versus face-to-face, through independent interviews. Findings indicated that overall, the teacher reports align with the literature: technology is used in the classroom at a high frequency and duration, and there is a wide range of specific ways it is being used. Additionally, the majority of adolescent learners reported perceived benefits when using technology as an aid to one’s academic development. Adolescent learners expounded on the specific ways technology is being used both inside and outside the classroom. Adolescent learners also expounded on how they are engaging with peers through technology versus face-to-face, with the majority of adolescent learners claiming technology is not a perceived aid to one's social development nor is it commonly present when engaging with peers face-to-face. It is recommended that future studies look at any relevant differences between both males’ and females' specific technology use for both academic and social purposes. It is also recommended that future research be conducted on adolescents possibly multi-tasking with both academic and social technology use and any perceived effects of such behavior
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Pavani, Sara Natsuki. "Memes inside and outside the Internet - how digital entertainment mirrors the human psyche." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14187/.
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The essay sets out to explain how the meme-sharing mechanism on the Internet is the reflection of human psyche. Starting from Richard Dawkins’ definition of meme, the analysis focuses on the search of what make Internet memes go viral, with the supporting theories of Richard Brodie about the effect of memes on human mind and Limor Shifman’s studies about memes in digital culture.
Having described the elements of adaptability, accessibility, belonging, exclusivity, nonsense, irony, cuteness, contrast, surprise, political incorrectness, and stereotype, meme genres such as image macros, videos and photoshop-edited pictures are analyzed across the spectrum of such factors. The result is subsequently compared to the ones obtained by Shifman in 2014, in order to find common elements to outline a spreading pattern.
The third and last section focus on the effects of memes on human brain, starting from Brodie’s “button pushing” theory, which refers to many mechanisms such as “repetition”, “cognitive dissonance”, and “creating value” that trigger humans’ most basic instincts. By comparing such theory with Shifman’s about memes providing freedom of expression, the suggested solution concentrate on raising awareness the real potential of memes among people and providing them the means to make memes work for a more conscious society.
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Kim, Paul Younghoon. "Exploring Age-Related Differences in Prospective Memory Inside and Outside of the Lab." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05292009-110743/.
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In this study, the characteristics of the two prospective memory tasks (activity-based and event-based) were investigated both in the laboratory and a naturalistic setting with the addition of the age component. Forty young and 40 older adults participated. First, the participants came to the lab and answered ninety trivia questions embedded were the prospective memory tasks. Second, they were required to come to Crabtree Valley Mall (the naturalistic setting) a couple of days later (i.e. one particular Saturday) to complete various prospective memory tasks (i.e. finding 4 different menâs shirts as well as filling out a naturalistic questionnaire and picking up debriefing statement). Results found that both age groups performed the event-based task followed by activity-based task better in the lab than in the naturalistic setting. The young participants performed the tasks better than their older counterparts in both contexts, though the effects were nonsignificant. An interesting finding was that older participants performed the naturalistic event-based task better than the young participants. To conclude, the study suggests converting activity-based tasks into event-based tasks to help people accomplish their tasks successfully.
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Mathews, Justin H. "Assemblages of plants and anthropods associated with 'Acacia senegal' inside and outside plantations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433344.
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McInerney, C. E. "Comparative Population Structure and Seascape Genetics of Gastropods inside and outside marine reserves." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527860.
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Frideres, Laurent André. "Spatial industrial clustering and competitive advantage : comparing firms inside and outside industry clusters." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609177.
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Moller, Joanne. "Inside and outside : conceptual continuities from household to region in Kumaon, north India." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1235/.
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This thesis is an ethnographic study of the social organisation of a Central Himalayan village. Fieldwork was carried out between 1989-1991 in Almora district of the Kumaon region in the hills of Uttar Pradesh, India. Kumaoni villagers conceptually organise their social world on segmentary principles, locally expressed by the opposition between the inside (bhiter) and the outside (bhyar). The conceptual opposition of 'inside' and 'outside' is replicated at various levels of society. In this study it is examined with regard to intra-household, inter-household, affinal and inter-caste relations, and to interactions with the gods and spirits and plains society. Insiders and outsiders are ordered hierarchically such that insiders consider themselves morally superior to outsiders. At every level of identification, outsiders are constructed as greedy, dangerous and untrustworthy. Disorder and harm are presented as originating from 'outside', and are associated with 'outsiders'. The 'inside', as contextually defined, is vulnerable to these outside forces, and must be protected. Accompanying this presentation is the ideological stress on the separation, regulation and containment of social categories. This is most clearly elaborated on the household level, but is also pertinent on the levels of caste and region. Men and women's contrasting experiences of marriage, kinship and residence inform their representations of the household and supra-household relations. Although the inside/outside dichotomy and its associations are shared by both genders, men and women apply them differently. Men express the inside/outside opposition in terms of broader levels of community, be it lineage, caste, village or region. For women the inside/outside distinction, though significant on these broader levels, ultimately begins at the household level and extends outwards from there. The immediate 'community of insiders' for women is the household whereas for men it is the lineage. At the same time, however, the category of 'women' is not a homogeneous one; depending on their interests, status, role, age and so forth, women give different representations of the same social reality. Thus, men and out-married women (daughters and sisters of the village) talk about social relations in terms of harmony and cooperation. In-married women (wives of the village) present the village as a tense, conflict-ridden place where deceit and rivalry between households represent normal social relations.
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Preston, Victoria. "From outside to inside : changing strategies and practices of institutional critique 1960-2014." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2014. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/103/.
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Established accounts of institutional critique either turn it into an art historical genre that is past and finished, or suggest that it is pointless because it is always co-opted by the institution. This thesis contests the canonisation of institutional critique by positing that there has been a change in the agents of critique from the academic critic, to the artist, to the curator. The research also argues against the supposed futility of institutional critique by drawing on Foucault to consider critique in particular instances rather than in general. Thus each case study considers whether or not a particular artwork or project was understood as critical at the time and, if so, in what capacity. In the course of examining the shifts in the critical agent from artist to curator, I also identify a sequence of correlative changes. First there is an expansion in the location of critique from mainstream USA museums to a wide range of art institutions globally, including biennials. Second there is a change of focus in the objects of critique, from the physical attributes of the exhibition spaces to modes of display, museum processes, and the politicisation of content. Third there are different strategies of critique, as artists and curators variously pursue mimetic, subversive and symbolic strategies in their institutional investigations, and develop new ones. Overall, the research demonstrates that institutional critique moves progressively inside the institution, and becomes an embedded activity, particularly when independent curators take up positions as directors of experimental institutions. The thesis concludes that institutional critique has become more politicised and more complex and that some of its strategies and practices have helped to re-function institutions.
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Li, Xin. "Diffusion and diffusion-based chemical and biological assays inside and outside microfluidic channels." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066340.
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Ce travail de thèse a pour but d’étudier les phénomènes de diffusion à l'intérieur et en dehors des canaux microfluidiques ainsi que leurs exploitations dans le domaine de la synthèse chimique et la biologie cellulaire. A l'intérieur des microcanaux, la propagation de des molécules diffusantes peut être ralentie par des micro-chambres insérées dans les canaux, ce qui nous a permis de contrôler les réactions chimiques telles que la synthèse de nanocristaux de ZnO. Le contrôle de livraison de médicaments par effet de diffusion a été démontré par colorage de cellules dans des chambres microfluidiques. Les phénomènes de diffusion et les essaies cellulaires ont été également étudiés en dehors de canaux microfluidiques en concevant un nouveau type de dispositifs qui consistent des micro-canaux isolés placés sur une surface de culture, chacun possédant des diffuseurs de très faible dimension pour délivrer localement des médicaments avec accès ouverte. Comme résultats, des essais de colorage cellulaire et apoptose cellulaire induit par drogues ont montré une livraison hautement localisé ainsi qu’une réponse cellulaire rapide à proximité des diffuseurs. Enfin, des micro-vannes ont été intégrées dans les prototypes de dispositifs pour un contrôle plus précis de la quantité de molécules diffusantes. En considérant la grande importance de phénomènes de diffusion à l’échelle micrométrique, nous espérons que les dispositifs microfluidiques que nous proposons dans ce travail de thèse pourront être largement utilisés dans différents domaines de recherche fondamentale et appliquée
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Elizabeth, Medeiros Eileen. "Public writing inside and outside the classroom : a comparative analysis of activist rhetorics /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2007. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3298371.
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Light, Katherine. "Inside-out, outside-in Yeshivat Chovevei Torah's open orthodoxy transmitted, absorbed, and applied /." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2008. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/22927.
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Lokaj, Rodney John. "Petrarch vs. Gherardo : a case of sibling rivalry inside and outside the cloister." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23092.
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This thesis analyses the relationship between Petrarch and his brother, the Carthusian monk, Gherardo, as described in the <i>De otio religioso</i> and the <i>Rerum familiarium libri. </i>I take Petrarch and his brother as literary constructs representative, respectively, of early humanistic poetics and traditional asceticism. This new methodological approach integrates certain areas of critical endeavour which have traditionally remained excluded from main-stream Petrarch studies. My reading of the <i>De otio</i> inverts current interpretations inasmuch as it sees the work not as praise of 'pre-humanistic monasticism', but rather as a denunciation of Carthusian <i>otium. </i>Such intellectual inertia does not lead the monks back to God but turns them into instruments of the devil. Petrarch tries to rectify this stance by teaching the Carthusians about <i>otium litteratum </i>(<i>imitatio,</i> classical learning which 'spices' Christian learning, <i>callidae iuncturae,</i> etc.) and by challenging the validity of certain values (e.g. the Carthusian definition of religion, happiness, etc.). My reading of the <i>Familiares </i>presents the sub-group concerning Gherardo (called the 'gerardine' letters or cycle) as yet another way of rectifying the situation. I interpret the Ventoux letter (<i>Fam.,</i> IV 1) as both a cryptic allegorisation of Gherardo's initial position, and a fictitious, anachronistic anticipation or summary of the aims of the gerardine sub-group. That is, in the Ventoux letter Gherardo is excluded from Petrarch's direct reading of St Augustine. The gerardine cycle then constitutes an <i>accessus ad Augustinum</i> whereby Petrarch teaches his brother about poetics, law, history, philosophy and theology. The <i>accessus </i>ends with the <i>Familiaris </i>XVIII 5 accompanying a copy of the <i>Confessions. </i>That is, the gerardine cycle closes when Gherardo is ready to read Augustine for himself. The gerardine cycle thus affords a glimpse into the structural strategies used by Petrarch in his <i>Familiares.</i>
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Vlach, Philip Thomas. "Measurement, prediction and analysis of the radio frequency electromagnetic environment outside and inside hospitals." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26436.
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The electromagnetic environment outside and inside five urban hospitals, due to fixed, EXTERNAL TRANSMTTERS (30-1000 MHz range), was characterized by measurement. Measured fields generally remained below 130 dB$ mu$V/m (3 V/m). Four computational prediction methods, based on line-of-site free-space propagation, Uniform Geometric Theory of Diffraction, and urban clutter models, were evolved. Fields predicted outside these hospitals were compared to the measured fields. A simple line-of-sight method predicted fields within 20 dB of those measured, thereby easily providing an estimate of the worst-case fields at a hospital. The most complex of these prediction methods estimated field levels to within 10 dB.<br>Measurements were also used to analyze signal propagation characteristics inside buildings due to INTERNAL SOURCES operating at 433, 861, and 1705 MHz. Cross-floor propagation paths, where multiple floors and walls were traversed, showed fields were independent of the transmitter-receiver separation distance. Signals measured for a separation of one floor were higher than same-floor signal levels.
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Juby, William. "Inside/outside the volcano : the magma/lava dialogue of Malcolm Lowry's classic modernist novel." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342102.
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