Academic literature on the topic 'Inspection. [from old catalog]'
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Journal articles on the topic "Inspection. [from old catalog]"
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Cantiello, Michele, Aniello Grado, Marina Rejkuba, Magda Arnaboldi, Massimo Capaccioli, Laura Greggio, Enrica Iodice, and Luca Limatola. "A VST and VISTA study of globular clusters in NGC 253." Astronomy & Astrophysics 611 (March 2018): A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731325.
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Context. Globular clusters (GCs) are key to our understanding of the Universe, as laboratories of stellar evolution, fossil tracers of the past formation epoch of the host galaxy, and effective distance indicators from local to cosmological scales.Aim. We analyze the properties of the sources in the NGC 253 with the aim of defining an up to date catalog of GC candidates in the galaxy. Given the distance of the galaxy, GCs in NGC 253 are ideal targets for resolved color-magnitude diagram studies of extragalactic GCs with next-generation diffraction limited ground-based telescopes.Methods. Our analysis is based on the science verification data of two ESO survey telescopes, VST and VISTA. Using ugri photometry from VST and JKs from VISTA, GC candidates were selected using as reference the morpho-photometric and color properties of spectroscopically confirmed GCs available in the literature. The strength of the results was verified against available archival HST/ACS data from the GHOSTS survey: all but two of the selected GC candidates appear as star clusters in HST footprints.Results. The adopted GC selection leads to the definition of a sample of ∼350 GC candidates. At visual inspection, we find that 82 objects match all the requirements for selecting GC candidates and 155 are flagged as uncertain GC candidate; however, 110 are unlikely GCs, which are most likely background galaxies. Furthermore, our analysis shows that four of the previously spectroscopically confirmed GCs, i.e., ∼20% of the total spectroscopic sample, are more likely either background galaxies or high-velocity Milky Way stars. The radial density profile of the selected best candidates shows the typically observed r1∕4-law radial profile. The analysis of the color distributions reveals only marginal evidence of the presence of color bimodality, which is normally observed in galaxies of similar luminosity. The GC luminosity function does not show the typical symmetry, mainly because of the lack of bright GCs. Part of the bright GCs missing might be at very large galactocentric distances or along the line of sight of the galaxy dusty disk. As an alternative possibility, we speculate that a fraction of low luminosity GC candidates might instead be metal-rich, intermediate age clusters, but fall in a similar color interval of old, metal-poor GCs.Conclusions. Defining a contaminant-free sample of GCs in extragalactic systems is not a straight forward exercise. Using optical and near-IR photometry we purged the list of GCs with spectroscopic membership and photometric GC candidates in NGC 253. Our results show that the use of either spectroscopic or photometric data only does not generally ensure a contaminant-free sample and a combination of both spectroscopy and photometry is preferred.
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Pâris, Isabelle, Patrick Petitjean, Éric Aubourg, Adam D. Myers, Alina Streblyanska, Brad W. Lyke, Scott F. Anderson, et al. "The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth data release." Astronomy & Astrophysics 613 (May 2018): A51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732445.
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We present the data release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities Mi [z = 2] < −20.5 (in a Λ CDM cosmology with H0 = 70 km s−1 Mpc−1, Ω M =0.3, and Ω Λ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum larger than 500 km s−1 or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II, and III. The catalog contains 526 356 quasars (144 046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9376 deg2 (2044 deg2 having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. Redshifts are provided for the Mg II emission line. The catalog identifies 21 877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (u, g, r, i, z) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3610–10 140 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < R < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Science Archiver Server.
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Bonanos, A. Z., M. Yang, K. V. Sokolovsky, P. Gavras, D. Hatzidimitriou, I. Bellas-Velidis, G. Kakaletris, et al. "The Hubble Catalog of Variables (HCV)." Astronomy & Astrophysics 630 (September 25, 2019): A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936026.
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Aims. Over its lifetime and despite not being a survey telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has obtained multi-epoch observations by multiple, diverse observing programs, providing the opportunity for a comprehensive variability search aiming to uncover new variables. We have therefore undertaken the task of creating a catalog of variable sources based on archival HST photometry. In particular, we have used version 3 of the Hubble Source Catalog (HSC), which relies on publicly available images obtained with the WFPC2, ACS, and WFC3 instruments onboard the HST. Methods. We adopted magnitude-dependent thresholding in median absolute deviation (a robust measure of light curve scatter) combined with sophisticated preprocessing techniques and visual quality control to identify and validate variable sources observed by Hubble with the same instrument and filter combination five or more times. Results. The Hubble Catalog of Variables (HCV) includes 84 428 candidate variable sources (out of 3.7 million HSC sources that were searched for variability) with V ≤ 27 mag; for 11 115 of them the variability is detected in more than one filter. The data points in the light curves of the variables in the HCV catalog range from five to 120 points (typically having less than ten points); the time baseline ranges from under a day to over 15 years; while ∼8% of all variables have amplitudes in excess of 1 mag. Visual inspection performed on a subset of the candidate variables suggests that at least 80% of the candidate variables that passed our automated quality control are true variable sources rather than spurious detections resulting from blending, residual cosmic rays, and calibration errors. Conclusion. The HCV is the first, homogeneous catalog of variable sources created from the highly diverse, archival HST data and currently is the deepest catalog of variables available. The catalog includes variable stars in our Galaxy and nearby galaxies, as well as transients and variable active galactic nuclei. We expect that the catalog will be a valuable resource for the community. Possible uses include searches for new variable objects of a particular type for population analysis, detection of unique objects worthy of follow-up studies, identification of sources observed at other wavelengths, and photometric characterization of candidate progenitors of supernovae and other transients in nearby galaxies. The catalog is available to the community from the ESA Hubble Science Archive (eHST) at the European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) and the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI).
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Elrayah Khalafalla, Eltayeb, and Ali Hussein Mohammed Ali. "Inspection and rehabilitation of old White Nile steel bridge substructure." FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 9, no. 1 (February 22, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v9i1.659.
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The substructure of The Old White Nile Bridge consists of steel tubular piers (steel casings filled with concrete) supported by caissons drilled into the sandstone. This steel bridge which had been completed in 1928, was investigated and assessed for integrity and safety. The inspection and investigation of the piers covered visual inspection, field tests and laboratory tests. Steel plates tests included microstructure analysis for steel, tension test, bending test and hardness test to determine the chemical and mechanical properties, whereas concrete core tests were conducted for determining cubes crushing strength of concrete. The inspection tests and assessment study revealed that most of piers steel casing suffered from high corrosion problems. Thus, due to corrosion the thickness of the casing plate, which was originally 5 mm for fixed piers and 7mm for swing span pier, was reduced severely to about 1.5 mm or even in some cases to about only 0.4 mm (in the swing span piers). In some cases holes appeared in the casing plates indicating that the steel was corroded totally and all the thickness was lost. Then, the Foundation caissons which were permanently under water or fully buried in the ground were found sound and suffer no problem of corrosion. No sign of differential settlement was observed. The materil tests performed showed that the steel exceeded its expected life time and have lost their weld-ability. Moreover, cathodic protection system which had originally provided previously to protect against corrosion found damaged and not functioning. Therefore, this paper presents the results of inspection and rehabilitation of the bridge substructure.
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Urban, S. E., and G. L. Wycoff. "Densifying the Optical Reference Frame: The Tycho-2 Catalog of 2.5 Million Stars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 180 (March 2000): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100000130.
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AbstractSince the establishment of the Hipparcos Catalog as the defining source of the optical reference frame, densification beyond its ≈ 120,000 stars has been made possible by the utilization of the Tycho-1 Catalog. The ACT, combining the old Astrographic Catalog (AC) data with the Tycho-1 positions, is the best known example of this. The Tycho-2 consortium, led by E. Høg, has performed new reductions on the Tycho data. This not only has increased the astrometric and photometric accuracies of the original 1 million Tycho-1 stars, but also has added an additional 1.5 million stars. The U.S. Naval Observatory led the effort to compute the proper motions of these 2.5 million stars. They are based not only on the AC data but also include over 140 other ground-based catalogs, all directly reduced to the Hipparcos system. The result of these efforts is the Tycho-2 Catalog, available since February 2000. Positions, proper motions, and BT and VT magnitudes are given for 2.5 million stars. The catalog is 99% complete to V=11.0, and 90% complete to V=11.5. Positional accuracies at the mean epochs vary from < 10 mas for stars V < 9 to just under 100 mas for V > 12. Proper motion accuracies are estimated to be 1.3 mas/year to 3.0 mas/year for the same magnitude ranges. Photometric accuracies range from 0.02 magnitudes for the brightest stars to 0.25 magnitudes for the faintest.
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Ivezić, Ž., D. G. Monet, N. Bond, M. Jurić, B. Sesar, J. A. Munn, R. H. Lupton, et al. "Astrometry with digital sky surveys: from SDSS to LSST." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S248 (October 2007): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308020103.
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AbstractMajor advances in our understanding of the Universe have historically come from dramatic improvements in our ability to accurately measure astronomical quantities. The astrometric observations obtained by modern digital sky surveys are enabling unprecedentedly massive and robust studies of the kinematics of the Milky Way. For example, the astrometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), together with half a century old astrometry from the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS), have enabled the construction of a catalog that includes absolute proper motions as accurate as 3 mas/year for about 20 million stars brighter than V=20, and for 80,000 spectroscopically confirmed quasars which provide exquisite error assessment. We discuss here several ongoing studies of Milky Way kinematics based on this catalog. The upcoming next-generation surveys will maintain this revolutionary progress. For example, we show using realistic simulations that the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will measure proper motions accurate to 1 mas/year to a limit 4 magnitude fainter than possible with SDSS and POSS catalogs, or with the Gaia survey. LSST will also obtain geometric parallaxes with accuracy similar to Gaia's at its faint end (0.3 mas at V=20), and extend them to V=24 with an accuracy of 3 mas. We discuss the impact that these LSST measurements will have on studies of the Milky Way kinematics, and potential synergies with the Gaia survey.
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Benaglia, P., C. H. Ishwara-Chandra, H. Intema, M. E. Colazo, and M. Gaikwad. "Cygnus survey with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 325 and 610 MHz: the catalog." Astronomy & Astrophysics 642 (October 2020): A136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037916.
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Context. Observations at the radio continuum band below the gigahertz band are key when the nature and properties of nonthermal sources are investigated because their radio radiation is strongest at these frequencies. The low radio frequency range is therefore the best to spot possible counterparts to very high-energy (VHE) sources: relativistic particles of the same population are likely to be involved in radio and high-energy radiation processes. Some of these counterparts to VHE sources can be stellar sources. Aims. The Cygnus region in the northern sky is one of the richest in this type of sources that are potential counterparts to VHE sources. We surveyed the central ∼15 sq deg of the Cygnus constellation at the 325 and 610 MHz bands with angular resolutions and sensitivities of 10″ and 6″, and 0.5 and 0.2 mJy beam−1, respectively. Methods. The data were collected during 172 h in 2013–2017, using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope with 32 MHz bandwidth, and were calibrated using the SPAM routines. The source extraction was carried out with the PyBDSF tool, followed by verification through visual inspection of every putative catalog candidate source in order to determine its reliability. Results. In this first paper we present the catalog of sources, consisting of 1048 sources at 325 MHz and 2796 sources at 610 MHz. By cross-matching the sources from both frequencies with the objects of the SIMBAD database, we found possible counterparts for 143 of them. Most of the sources from the 325-MHz catalog (993) were detected at the 610 MHz band, and their spectral index α was computed adopting S(ν) ∝ να. The maximum of the spectral index distribution is at α = −1, which is characteristic of nonthermal emitters and might indicate an extragalactic population.
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Harwood, D. "Grief in old age." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 11, no. 2 (May 2001): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259801011273.
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Much of Parkes’ thorough review of bereavement in the elderly in a previous issue of this journal is still highly relevant. Advances in our understanding of bereavement are surprisingly slow for a condition which is ubiquitous, and there are still disappointing gaps in our knowledge. A common difficulty for researchers in this field, and for clinicians reading their papers, is the problem of selection bias. Participants in studies on bereavement are often white and middle class. More often than not, grief research focuses on bereaved spouses rather than blood relatives or friends of the deceased. In addition, much research on bereavement originates from the USA, so the findings may not be as relevant in other countries. Lastly, of particular relevance to this paper, although many studies of grief purport to be of ‘older’ samples, closer inspection of the paper will often reveal a surprisingly young mean age; people over 75 are often excluded from bereavement research. These biases must be borne in mind when interpreting the findings from the studies discussed in this review.
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Girelli, Giacomo, Micol Bolzonella, and Andrea Cimatti. "Massive and old quiescent galaxies at high redshift." Astronomy & Astrophysics 632 (December 2019): A80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834547.
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Aims. Questions of how massive quiescent galaxies rapidly assembled and how abundant they are at high redshift are increasingly important in the study of galaxy formation. Looking at these systems can shed light on the processes of galaxy mass assembly and quenching of the star formation at early epochs. In order to address these questions, we aim to identify and characterize massive quiescent galaxies from z ∼ 2.5 out to the highest redshifts at which these systems can be found. The final purpose is to compare the results with the predictions of state-of-the-art semi-analytical models of galaxy formation and evolution. Methods. We defined observer-frame color–color diagrams to optimally select quiescent galaxies at z > 2.5 and applied them to the COSMOS2015 catalog. We refined the spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting analysis for the selected candidates to confirm their quiescent nature, then derived their number density, mass density, and stellar mass functions. Finally, we compared the results with previous observations and some current semi-analytic models. Results. We selected candidates for quiescent galaxies in the redshift range 2.5 ≲ z ≲ 4.5 from the COSMOS2015 catalog by means of two color–color diagrams. The additional SED fitting analysis allowed us to select 128 galaxies, consistent with being massive (log(M*/M⊙)≥10.6), old (ages ≳0.5 Gyr), and quiescent (log(sSFR [yr−1]) ≤ −10.5) objects at high redshift (2.5 < z < 4.5). Their number and mass densities are in fair agreement with previous observations and, if confirmed, show a discrepancy with current semi-analytical models of galaxy formation and evolution, that underpredict the number of massive quiescent systems up to a factor of ∼12 at 2.5 ≤ z < 3.0 and ∼10 at z ∼ 4.0. The evolution of the stellar mass functions (SMFs) of these systems is similar to previous estimates and indicates a disagreement with models, particularly with regard to the shape of the SMF. Conclusions. The present results add further evidence to the possibility that massive and quiescent galaxies can exist out to at least z ∼ 4. If future spectroscopic observations carried out with, for example, the James Webb Space Telecope (JWST), confirm the substantial presence of such a population, further work on modeling the stellar mass assembly, as well as supermassive black hole accretion and feedback processes at early cosmic epochs, is needed to understand how these systems formed, evolved, and quenched their star formation.
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Imelda, Fatwa, Mula Tarigan, and Lidya Eryunika. "The Determination of Visual Inspection in Women of Childbearing Age." Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science 3, no. 1 (July 18, 2021): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v3i1.5942.
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Cervical cancer is the most common disease affecting women around the world. Early detection of cervical cancer is needed by using Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA). This method is relatively easy to do, and the examination costs are also quite affordable, making it more beneficial for women. This study was to determine the determinants of the VIA Test results. It is quantitative research with a descriptive approach presented in the form of a frequency distribution table. There are 100 samples of women of childbearing age acquired by purposive sampling at Patumbak District, Deli Serdang. From the samples, some respondents receive positive IVA test result as follows: 14% aged 36-35 years old, 14% Protestant, 19% married, 9% high school graduates, 10% housewife, 15% with minimum monthly income, 12% with 3-5 children, 17% has multigravida parity, 14% married at the age of 17-25 years old, 12% first-time mother at the age of 17-25 years old, and 14% with 5+ years using IUD contraception. The study was based on the negative VIA test result but with detected pre-cancerous lesions. Further research with different variables is necessary to acquire more information regarding cervicitis incidence causes, thus, reducing cervical cancer numbers.
Books on the topic "Inspection. [from old catalog]"
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Paulsen, Jasper, ed. Diamond Design: A Study of the Reflection and Refraction of Light in a Diamond. Seattle, USA: Folds.net, 2001.
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Bascom, Robert O. The Fort Edward book: Containing some historical sketches with illustrations and family records. Peru, NY: Bloated Toe Publishing, 2012.
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Raúl, Aguilar Piedra, ed. Bosquejo de la república de Costa Rica. Alajuela, Costa Rica: Museo Histórico Cultural Juan Santamaría, 2001.
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Powers, Grant. An address delivered on the centennial celebration, to the people of Hollis, N.H., September 15th, 1830. Dunstable, N.H: Thayer and Wiggin, 1985.
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Dzieje Polski do XIV stulecia. Poznań: Wydawn. Poznańskiego Tow. Przyjaciół Nauk, 2005.
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Bosquejo de la república de Costa Rica: Seguido de, apuntamientos para su historia con varios mapas, vistas y retratos. San José, Costa Rica: EUNED, Editorial Universidad Estatal a Distancia, 2007.
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Will, Georg Andreas. Nürnbergisches Gelehrten-Lexicon: Oder, Beschreibung aller nürnbergischen Gelehrten beyderley Geschlechtes nach ihrem Leben, Verdiensten und Schrifften zur Erweiterung der gelehrten Geschichts-Kunde und Verbesserung vieler darinnen vorgefallenen Fehler, aus den besten Quellen in alphabetischer Ordnung verfasset. Neustadt an der Aisch: Verlag Christoph Schmidt, 1997.
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Fifteen decisive battles of the world: From Marathon to Waterloo. New York: Da Capo Press, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Inspection. [from old catalog]"
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Friberg, Jöran, and Farouk N. H. Al-Rawi. "Goetze’s Compendium from Old Babylonian Shaduppûm and Two Catalog Texts from Old Babylonian Susa." In New Mathematical Cuneiform Texts, 391–419. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44597-7_10.
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Zelenskaya, Galina M., and Svetlana K. Sevastyanova. "Corpus of Patriarch Nikon’s Inscriptions on “Sacred Things”: Questions of Textology and Architectural and Artistic Design." In Hermeneutics of Old Russian Literature: Issue 20, 479–547. А.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/horl.1607-6192-2021-20-479-547.
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In the vast and varied written heritage of Metropolitan and Patriarch Nikon, the inscriptions on the “holy things” that were written with the participa- tion of, or on his behalf, occupy a special place. These texts, different in volume and content, exist as notes on sheets of manuscript and early printed books, in the form of belts and compositions of tiled temple decoration, as well as on an- timenes, crosses, icons, bells, liturgical vessels, and seals. Many of them by their origin and location are associated with the patriarchal monasteries — the Resur- rection in New Jerusalem near Moscow, the Iversky Svyatoozersky in Valdai and the Onega Godfather on the Kiy-island. The corpus of the inscriptions, united by the name of the Primate, has never been studied in its entirety and systematically. The authors of the article attempted to fill these gaps by applying an integrated approach in the study. They prepared on the principle of a catalog a register of “holy things” — sacred objects that make up a single whole with the texts present- ed on them. The inscriptions are classified according to the functional purpose of the objects on which they are located. The groups of annals-historical, spiritual- educational, liturgical, historical-topographic, supplementary and owner’s in- scriptions are distinguished. Historical and philological research of texts is com- plemented by an analysis of the symbolic and semantic aspects of their architectur- al and artistic design. The inscriptions appear in the context of the iconic work of Patriarch Nikon, including hierotopic, iconographic and architectural programs, embodied with the participation of masters from Great, Small and White Russia. A comprehensive study allowed us to see the inscriptions and the personality of His Holiness Nikon from a perspective that reveals the richest spectrum of litur- gical, church-historical, patristic and artistic traditions of Old Russia, combined with new trends melted down in the furnace of Orthodoxy.
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Tolstoy, Leo. "3." In War and Peace. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199232765.003.0053.
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Old Prince Nikolai Andreich Bolkonsky received a letter from Prince Vasili in November 1805 announcing that he and his son would be paying him a visit. ‘I am starting on a journey of inspection, and of course I shall think nothing of an extra...
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Emsley, John. "Elements from Hell: An exhibition of molecules that are mainly malevolent." In Molecules at an Exhibition. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198502661.003.0012.
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The road to hell is paved with good intentions . . . so the old saying goes. In this Gallery I want to show you that this can be indeed true, but it is also true that the road to hell can be paved with evil intentions—sometimes all the way down to the pit of fire. Elements cannot really be described as coming from hell, nor can molecules, but they can produce effects that can only be described as satanic. Some elements that exist naturally can be very toxic, such as beryllium and lead, and the same is true of some natural molecules, such as atropine. We have seen in other Galleries that when chemists discover a natural molecule which has desirable properties, it is often possible to make a safer version that retains these properties, or even enhances them, while unwanted side-effects can be eliminated or at least toned down. The opposite is also possible. If the desired property of a molecule is its ability to kill, then it is possible to refine that aspect. What was merely dangerous can be made maliciously deadly. We begin our tour of the portraits of Gallery 8 with an inspection of one of these terrible molecules. Could Adolf Hitler have saved his Third Reich from defeat? Quite possibly. What he needed was a secret weapon to wipe out the Allied troops when they invaded the Normandy beaches of northern France on D-day, 6 June 1944. Then with a quick victory in the west he could have rushed his troops to meet the oncoming onslaught of Russian armies from the east, and maybe even have wiped out those invaders as well. Hitler was fond of secret weapons. Some, like the jet fighter, the V1 flying bomb and the V2 rocket bomb, were triumphs of engineering and did a lot of damage, but they were generally developed too late to save his empire. In fact Hitler had one secret weapon that was very cheap and easy to make, and that would have stopped advancing armies dead, but he never used it.
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Zeijlmans, Kirti, Tom van Yperen, and Mónica López López. "The level-headed approach on errors and mistakes in Dutch child protection: an individual duty or a shared responsibility?" In Errors and Mistakes in Child Protection, 75–94. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447350705.003.0005.
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The leading discourse in the Netherlands on errors and mistakes is focused on cases that have resulted in fatal injuries. These have shocked the nation, sparked debate and inspired change. In the Netherlands, the most profound debate resulted from the death of 3-year old Savanna in 2004, the first case where an employee of the child protection agency was prosecuted for manslaughter by negligence. Over the years, the case of Savanna became an iconic part of the discourse on child protection policy, in which the term ‘Savanna-effect’ was used to refer to the shift by child care workers to risk-averse practices for fear of prosecution. Initiatives aimed at improving timely detection of children at risk, such as the reporting code of conduct (‘meldcode’) and the Reference Index for High-Risk Youngsters (‘Verwijsindex Risicojongeren’) were introduced. The discourse turned when critics claimed that the system focused too much on a fear of incidents, causing a disproportional number of children to enter out-of-home placements. This observation inspired the Youth Act 2015, which promotes the restoration and strengthening of the parents’ problem-solving abilities and responsibilities, and aims to reduce regulatory pressures on youth care professionals. This chapter reports on two studies conducted in the new child protection system: an analysis of Dutch reports on major calamities since 2015 and a media analysis of the same period. These studies indicate the current public discourse as well as the underlying problems that were identified by the Youth Care Inspection.
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Nadim Melhem, George, Paul Richard Munroe, Charles Christopher Sorrell, and Alsten Clyde Livingstone. "Field Trials of Aerospace Fasteners in Mechanical and Structural Applications." In Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000309.
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The present work reports findings for the application of specialized aerospace aluminum rivets, manufactured from Al 7075 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) T6 alloy stem/mandrel, with an Al 5056 (Al-Mg) shank or sleeve, which were used for construction rectification of an outdoor louver façade on a high-rise building. These specialized rivets were used to replace failed conventional construction rivets, which consisted of sleeve and mandrel comprised of either all-steel, all-aluminum, or aluminum-steel. The building is in close vicinity to the ocean and exposed to extremely high wind loading, making the rivets susceptible to failure by corrosion and fatigue. The focus of the present work is to report the examination of the specialized replacement rivets following an in-service lifetime of 12 years. The examination revealed that the replacement rivets (mandrel and sleeve) remained intact and uncontaminated, essentially free of corrosion. It is likely that sunlight exposure and the composite nature of the rivets enhanced the performance through age hardening. Analysis of the rivets included visual inspection, optical microscopy, Vickers microhardness testing, and transmission electron microscopy. The aim of the analysis was to correlate microstructures with microhardnesses, using these data to evaluate the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), and the potential for further age hardening. The Vickers microhardnesses were observed to have increased by ~8% over the service lifetime of 12 years, which equates to increases in YS (34.8–46.8 MPa) and UTS (23.8–45.6 MPa). Although the results show that there is a large increase in the strength values when comparing the unused rivets to the 12-year-old rivets, this increase in hardness may not necessarily be due purely to natural aging kinetics such as exposure from the sun and outdoor temperature. However, there appears to be some insignificant alteration of the microstructure and mechanical properties as a result of this exposure.
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Lorbiecki, Marybeth. "A Wild Proposal: 1919– 1924." In A Fierce Green Fire. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965038.003.0013.
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On August 1, 1919, Aldo was appointed to the second-highest position in District 3—Assistant Forester in Charge of Operations. Numerous foresters grumbled that Leopold didn’t deserve the job and was hardly suited to its enormous responsibilities. He hadn’t proven he was versed enough in all aspects of forestry management to handle the overarching tasks of inspecting every forest, reporting on what he found, and suggesting improvements. Leopold had a rigorous schedule to follow—three forests per summer, with a month at each. Since the Forest Service had no set inspection method, Leopold had to develop his own. His first reports were sketchy. He wrote more comments on rangers’ initiative and reading habits than on the details of their work or the conditions of their fire stations. During a late-summer tour of his old stomping ground, the Carson, Leopold roved further south into the Datil Forest. He fished away a Sunday at the headwaters of the Gila River and came away relaxed and refreshed. No telephone poles or roads cut across the landscape; there were just the pines; the trout; the tingle of fresh, pungent air; and a breeze alive with bird calls. Few areas like this remained in District 3. Was there, he wondered, a legal way to preserve the canyonlands around the Gila just as they were? That December, at a meeting of district foresters in Salt Lake City, Leopold heard about a young forest assistant named Arthur Carhart from District 2 in Colorado. Carhart, the Forest Service’s first landscape architect, had been dubbed the “Beauty Engineer” by his coworkers. Carhart had recommended that Trappers Lake, in the White River National Forest, be permanently preserved in a wilderness state—no so-called improvements. On his return trip, Leopold stopped by the D-2 offices to meet the man. Up to this point, attempts to set aside natural areas in the national forests led only to national parks or “primitive areas” that were open to later development. Leopold did not trust the park system to preserve any wilderness area intact.
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Pool, Robert. "Complexity." In Beyond Engineering. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195107722.003.0009.
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Things used to be so simple. In the old days, a thousand generations ago or so, human technology wasn’t much more complicated than the twigs stripped of leaves that some chimpanzees use to fish in anthills. A large bone for a club, a pointed stick for digging, a sharp rock to scrape animal skins—such were mankind’s only tools for most of its history. Even after the appearance of more sophisticated, multipiece devices—the bow and arrow, the potter’s wheel, the ox-drawn cart—nothing was difficult to understand or decipher. The logic of a tool was clear upon inspection, or perhaps after a little experimentation. No longer. No single person can comprehend the entire workings of, say, a Boeing 747. Not its pilot, not its maintenance chief, not any of the thousands of engineers who worked upon its design. The aircraft contains six million individual parts assembled into hundreds of components and systems, each with a role to play in getting the 165-ton behemoth from Singapore to San Francisco or Sidney to Saskatoon. There are structural components such as the wings and the six sections that are joined together to form the fuselage. There are the four 21,000-horsepower Pratt & Whitney engines. The landing gear. The radar and navigation systems. The instrumentation and controls. The maintenance computers. The fire-fighting system. The emergency oxygen in case the cabin loses pressure. Understanding how and why just one subassembly works demands years of study, and even so, the comprehension never seems as palpable, as tangible, as real as the feel for flight one gets by building a few hundred paper airplanes and launching them across the schoolyard. Such complexity makes modern technology fundamentally different from anything that has gone before. Large, complex systems such as commercial airliners and nuclear power plants require large, complex organizations for their design, construction, and operation. This opens up the technology to a variety of social and organizational influences, such as the business factors described in chapter 3. More importantly, complex systems are not completely predictable.
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Chimenti, Dale, Stanislav Rokhlin, and Peter Nagy. "Reflection and Refraction of Waves at a Planar Composite Interface." In Physical Ultrasonics of Composites. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195079609.003.0008.
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Nondestructive ultrasonic testing of composite materials is affected by several special features of wave propagation that arise from the strong anisotropy and inhomogeneity of these materials. The resulting complexity requires re-examination of old testing methodologies and development of new ones. One of the most fundamental phenomena in ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation is the reflection–refraction of ultrasonic waves at a plane interface. Even the simplest test procedure requires understanding of mode conversion and knowledge of elastic wave reflection and transmission coefficients and refraction angles. Reflection–refraction phenomena, while straightforward and well documented for isotropic materials, are much more complicated for anisotropic materials. When analyzing the oblique incidence inspection method for composite materials, one first has to address the problem of wave propagation through the interface between the coupling medium and the composite material. For example, there is an inherent fluid/composite interface in the immersion technique and a perspex/composite interface in the contact method. In the latter case, assuming that a thin fluid layer is applied to facilitate coupling through the interface, slip rather than welded boundary conditions prevail. Another example of great practical importance is the case of multidirectional fiber plies in a composite laminate, when the reflection and transmission of ultrasonic waves from one ply to another with a different orientation must be considered. Before discussing the general problem of wave refraction in anisotropic composite materials, let us review the simple isotropic case. Consider a plane interface between two isotropic elastic media in “welded” (perfectly bonded) contact, implying continuity of tractions and displacements across the interface, although the boundary conditions are not important at this point. Figure 4.1 shows a schematic diagram of a plane wave with wavenumber ki incident on the interface at angle θi. The parallel lines with spacing equal to the incident wavelength λi correspond to equal-phase planes orthogonal to the incident plane. By definition, the wavenumber ki = 2π/λi is the magnitude of the wave vector ki. The incident wave is converted at the interface into reflected and transmitted waves. The refraction angle of the transmitted wave is θr and its wavenumber is kr.
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James, Simon. "Military Presence around and beyond the Base Area." In The Roman Military Base at Dura-Europos, Syria. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198743569.003.0022.
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The C3 bathhouse, in the heart of the old lower town, the grandest Roman bath in Dura, was not originally envisaged to form part of the present project as it lay well outside the area previously recognized as forming the Roman military base. However, it has long been thought that this bath, and the similar facility M7 at the other end of Main St near the Palmyrene Gate, were constructed by the soldiers. In the case of the C3 bathhouse it also became apparent post-2010 that the zone taken over by the military extended all the way into the adjacent block B2, while the S frontage of B4 opposite the bath on Lower Main St may well have been the edge of the unified military base. Consequently, had it been possible to conduct further fieldwork as projected for 2012, full re-survey of the C3 and (for completeness and comparison) M7 baths would have been undertaken. Circumstances prevented this; however, discussion of these facilities is still necessary, especially as both were only summarily published. This review draws on a preliminary inspection undertaken in 2010, as well as archival material. It concludes that the C3 facility was significantly larger and grander even than already understood. Like the other bathhouses, the C3 facility was visible as an upstanding mound, and especially noticeable as the Ottoman road ran directly through it. The bath was partially excavated during the sixth season, and archival records are relatively good including a six-page typescript document, ‘Notes on Roman Bath in Block C3, excavated Jan.–Mar. 1933’, annotated ‘M. Crosby?’ There is also partial photographic coverage of the structure. The finds registers record 262 finds from the building, over 100 of them ascribed to specific rooms; however, few can now be specifically identified. Brown published a brief account of the bath, composed from ‘the notes of the excavator, Miss Margaret Crosby, carefully checked by personal observation of the author’ (PR 6, 95, n. 7). This, the only publication on the C3 facility, formed part of Brown’s comparative study of Dura’s bathhouses (PR 6, 95–104 and pl. IV, reproducing archive drawing Bath N.12; note on the mosaics and inscription 631: PR 6, 104–5; pls XVI.2–3; XXXIX.1–3).
Conference papers on the topic "Inspection. [from old catalog]"
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Fujikawa, Mauro Y., Eduardo O. de A. Silva, Reinaldo A. das Neves, Derci Donizeti Massitelli, Newton Orlando Abraha˜o, and Karina C. Schraml. "Integrity of Old Pipelines Buried in Petroleum Products Storage Terminals." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64313.
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This work aims to present the results obtained from the experience gained through the accomplishment of the inspection with the ultrasonic umbilical pig in a non-piggable internal pipe buried in the Transpetro Storage Terminal in Sa˜o Caetano do Sul, in Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil. The pipeline considered in this work is a line for marine fuel oil, which, because of its high viscosity, must be heated in order to flow. The oil is heated in the terminal by the steam produced in boilers. The heat transfer may occur in a heat exchanger or inside the storage tank, and the pipeline referred is thermally isolated. So that the line could be inspected, it was divided in two parts, one upstream of the pumps (suction), which is a 12-inch line, and the other downstream of the same pumps (discharge), which is a 14-inch line. This work has been developed by Transpetro’s Pipeline Operation, Maintenance, Inspection and Safety Departments together, since the planning phase, passing by the job execution and getting to the conclusion. To begin with, the operational liberation of the line had to be agreed between all the departments involved with the PIG inspection, which were mentioned before, and Transpetro’s Logistics Department. Once the PIG passage was scheduled, an initial cleaning had to be performed by the Operation Activity. Since this line is non-piggable, the installation of adaptations was necessary. After that, the passage of cleaning PIGs was possible, and the line sections could be enabled. The next step was the inspection of the pipeline with umbilical ultrasonic PIGs. After the passage of these PIGs, the adaptations had to be removed and the pipeline had to be conditioned for the operational return. After this part of the inspection was finished, the verification of the results issued was necessary. Once the theoretical results were available, ditches were opened for correlation inspection and temporary repairs in the most critical points for the operation were applied. The last part of the work consists in an analysis study of technical and economical viability for rehabilitation of the lines.
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Glass, S. W., and R. F. Cole. "Inspection and Repair Technology for BMI Penetrations." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49478.
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Historically, United States (US) nuclear power plant inspections of the reactor vessel bottom-mounted-instrument (BMI) penetrations have been limited to visual verification via a combination of walk-downs and pressure tests. However in France, more than 18 UT and weld-surface VT campaigns had been performed to inspect the BMI penetration nozzles and welds since 1992 with no observed failures through 2002. In April 2003, South Texas Project Unit 1 discovered apparent leakage from two nozzles during a bare-metal examination. Based on the French inspection experience, Framatome ANP was selected for inspection and repair services to address the leaking nozzles. Inspection activities included ultrasonic examination (UT) of the tube, enhanced visual test (VT) and eddy current testing (ECT) of the J-groove weld, bobbin ECT and profilometry of the tube ID, helium leak test, phased-array UT, borescopic VT, and boat-sample removal with destructive metallurgical analysis. Repair activities included sealing the top portion of the penetration, cutting out the old nozzles, and welding in new nozzles. This presentation discusses BMI inspection and repair technology focused particularly on the South Texas Project experience.
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Bergsagel, Dan, and Timothy D. Lynch. "Harvesting New York City - Old-Growth Urban Forestry." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0831.
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<p>New York is known as a metropolis of skyscrapers; however less than 1.5% of the 1 million buildings in the city stand over seven stories tall. Over 95% are thought to be of wood-frame or masonry and wood construction.</p><p>Most of this building stock was constructed using wood sourced from old-growth forests across the eastern seaboard. The city now sits on a stockpile of wood which germinated before New Amsterdam became New York, and which was felled while signatories of the Declaration of Independence were still President; this is structurally valuable hard, dense and high strength-to-weight ratio wood. As our buildings degrade and require renovation or replacement the city must ensure that this resource is not wasted, for environmental and economic reasons.</p><p>The total number of buildings is large, but because of the rapid and repetitive way that NYC was constructed the variation in building type and structural element sizes across the building population is small. Cross referencing NYC department databases using geographic information systems allowed the Department of Buildings to produce an estimate of the number of buildings in the city of each type. Assessment of historic pattern books, prescriptive regulations, and inspection of existing buildings allows generic estimates of wood dimension and quantity per building type. Combined, this data allows the estimation of the annual rate of release of wood from demolition in NYC - a predicted supply available for future use. A review of existing practices in wood salvage, processing and reuse is then assessed in context, outlining proposals for future local policy and research work.</p>
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El Sarraf, Raed, and Liam Edwards. "Learnings from the past to design metallic bridges spanning centuries into the future." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1238.
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<p>Since the 20<sup>th</sup> century, modern bridges have been typically designed for a relatively short design life of either 100 or 120 years. In reality, there are numerous examples of bridges that are over 100 years old that are still in service today. In some cases, these bridges have heritage protection status. In other cases, they are a vital link to their transportation network, for which any disruptions will result in significant economic impact to the local or regional economy.</p><p>Over the years, the authors have been involved with the inspection, maintenance, and refurbishment of historic bridges. This paper provides an overview of lessons learnt from examples of historic metallic bridges in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, as well as present the case for a 200-year bridge.</p><p>Lessons learned from failures in design and detailing for durability, material selection, and allowance for future access for inspection and maintenance can be used when designing new bridges, with the aim to minimize future maintenance cost and assisting 21<sup>st</sup> century bridges to span centuries into the future.</p>
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Abels, Theo, and Nguyen Bich. "ICDA Case Study: 43 Year Old Sour Gas Pipeline." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10421.
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A 42km/356mm diameter pipeline was built and commissioned in 1962 and is the primary source of sour gas to a sour gas processing plant. The pipeline has operated as a dehydrated sour gas/condensate pipeline, and was assessed as a candidate for an Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment (ICDA). This analysis came with the challenge of a lack of operational and inspection history. The decision was made to obtain as much history as possible by interviewing previous operators, and to perform an ICDA analysis based on this information. The ICDA analysis was performed by a technical specialist utilizing 1) wet sour gas corrosion methodology and 2) ICDA (critical angle) technology. The analysis was performed for one ICDA region. Nine assessment cases were identified as the operating criteria changed with time and each was assessed. On occasion the gas specifications had criteria below the minimum levels of influence, and analysis was also performed with these adjusted to force identification of potential internal corrosion locations. The results were presented identifying two locations of potential long-term corrosion, and one location susceptible to corrosion post 2000. Following a review of the ICDA analysis, it was felt that there was sufficient confidence to proceed with the direct assessments. The decision was taken to expose the three identified locations. The direct assessment at all three locations was performed using guided wave UT as the initial anomaly detector, and phased array UT was then utilized to confirm any anomalies, and was run along the bottom of the exposed line to confirm no anomalies were missed. The results of the NDE indicated no anomalies of more than 10%, and it was concluded that no significant internal corrosion of concern exists. The final phase of the ICDA (post assessment) concluded that the analysis was successful and that the ICDA project was a success. The re assessment intervals will be driven by any future changes in the transported product, and information obtained from on line corrosion monitoring.
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Tomiita, Yasuhiro. "Design and Manufacture of the Storage Cask for the Old Reactor Internals." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89838.
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) completed replacement work of upper reactor internals (UCI) and lower reactor internals (LCI) of the pressurized water reactor in Shikoku Electric Power Company’s Ikata Unit No.1 by “the all-in-one-piece extraction method” introduced in the document of [ICONE14-89233]. In the pressurized water reactor (PWR) plant, the UCI are usually removed from the reactor vessel (RV) independently and reinstalled into the RV again every refueling outage. The LCI are independently able to be removed from the RV and reinstalled again during in-service inspection, too. In the boiling water reactor (BWR) plant, there are several cases of replacing BWR shrouds by cutting small and containing in a container. But no replacement of all reactor internals (CI) for the PWR, in one piece without splitting or cutting, has been reported. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the key points about the design and manufacture of the storage cask for old reactor internals in the replacement work by “the all-in-one-piece extraction method”.
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Ingistov, Steve. "Intake Air Aerodynamic Silencer Design and Fabrication: GE Frame 7, Model EA GT." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68380.
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This Paper describes aerodynamic silencer that is presently installed in one GT Unit in Watson Cogeneration Company, Carson, California, USA. The silencer, made from three sections, was fit into existing Intake Air Duct System (IADS) during March, 2004 Major Inspection (MI). The purpose for original silencer replacement was to reduce IA pressure drops and to minimize continuous dirt carry-over from the old silencer panels into the compressor suction. GT is very sensitive to IA pressure drops and this sensitivity is manifested in GT power output reduction. IA pressure drop reduction alone justified expenditures in replacing the old silencer by new, aerodynamic silencer. Simplified EA presented in this Paper demonstrates good profit in replacing the old silencer with the new, redesigned silencer. In addition to improvements of IA aerodynamics, silencer was designed to capture IA cooling water that did not evaporate and to drain the collected water to designated locations. This Paper also incorporates field test data results, completed by others.
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Jeanneau, F., M. Gmar, N. Huot, F. Laine´, A. Lyoussi, E. Payan, Ph Pillot, L. Roux, and N. Saurel. "Instrumental Photon Activation and Applications in a Nuclear-Waste Inspection Purpose." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4765.
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The development of non-destructive methods to inspect nuclear-waste containers is important for radioactive-waste management and non-proliferation purposes. This paper will present studies and results carried out by a method based on photon interrogation (photofission) which allows the determination of the actinide quantity contained in the waste. High-energy photons (produced by an electron accelerator associated with a Bremsstrahlung tungsten target) will induce photofission reactions on the actinides. Then the flux of delayed neutrons, which is directly proportional to the amount of actinides, is measured with 3He detectors. Since the beginning of 1990’s, our team in CEA has been working on the development of this method and the improvement of the existing simulation code. The two main tools will be introduced: OPERA (tool for the simulation of photonuclear reactions) which includes photonuclear cross sections in a Monte-Carlo code based on MCNP4C, and SAPHIR (Irradiation and Photon-Activation System), a device allowing experimentations for research and development programs. The applications of these tools will be illustrated mainly with two examples: 1) The feasibility study of an inspection device for old concrete containers will be reported. Two campaigns of measurements have been performed in order to determine the sensitivity and the detection limits in the case of four different types of concrete containers, in terms of nature and geometry. 2) Nuclear-waste producers and managers have been interested by the active photon interrogation possibilities to measure actinide quantity in wastes of high activity, vitrified or compacted, with constraints like a dose rate around 400 Gy/h at 27 cm from the container. The simulation-code improvement has allowed some calculations, based on the SAPHIR facility, which have shown a good linearity between the actinide mass and the number of detected neutrons, in spite of a very high passive noise and the presence of a lead protection. Several R&D programs will be also presented. On one hand, measurements are performed on real wastes, chosen for parameter which could define a limitation of the measurements, in order to improve the method and to evaluate the detection limits. For instance, tomography can be performed with this experimental device: quantity and position of actinides in the waste can be calculated. On the other hand, a new method is studied, using the delayed-gamma flux in order to quantify and to identify the different actinide isotopes contained in the waste. These methods and device offer a large panel of results in terms of measurements and simulations. Our team is now involved in several prospecting and R&D programs in order to improve the current method and to find some new applications for nuclear-waste management.
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Martaningrum, Herlina Ika, Uki Retno Budihastuti, and Bhisma Murti. "Factors Affecting the Use of Visual Inspection Acetic Acid Test in Magelang, Central Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.90.
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ABSTRACT Background: Visual inspection acetic acid (VIA) can help detect cervical cancer at an early stage. However, under-utilization of the screening (e.g. rural residence, poor knowledge, low education, acceptability by the healthcare providers, etc.) persists as a major challenge. This study aimed to determine factors affecting the use of VIA test. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at 25 community health centers (puskesmas) in Magelang, Central Java, from September to October 2019. A sample of 200 women aged 30-50 years old was selected for this study randomly. The dependent variable was VIA test. The independent variables were knowledge, observational learning, reinforcement, cues to action, informational access, attitude, self-efficacy, outcome expectation, and family support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Results: VIA use increased with good knowledge (b= 3.97; 95% CI= 0.84 to 7.10; p= 0.013), high observational learning (b= 2.20; 95% CI= -0.09 to 4.49; p= 0.060), srong reinforcement behavior (b= 3.90; 95% CI= 1.02 to 6.77; p= 0.008), strong cues to action (b= 4.87; 95% CI= 1.07 to 8.67; p= 0.012), good information access (b= 3.32; 95% CI= 0.94 to 5.69; p= 0.006), strong family support (b= 3.81; 95% CI= 0.62 to 6.99; p= 0.019), positive attitude (b= 2.91; 95% CI= 0.20 to 5.62; p= 0.035), strong self efficacy (b= 2.71; 95% CI= 0.44 to 4.99; p= 0.019), and high outcome expectation (b= 3.22; 95% CI= 0.72 to 5.73; p= 0.012). Conclusion: VIA use increases with good knowledge, high observational learning, srong reinforcement behavior, strong cues to action, good information access, strong family support, positive attitude, strong self efficacy, and high outcome expectation. Keywords: cervical cancer, visual inspection acetic acid, social cognitive theory Correspondence: Herlina Ika Martaningrum. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: herlinaika21@gmail.com. Mobile: 085643528156 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.90
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Al-Mithin, Abdul Wahab, Abdul Wahab Al-Ahmad, Vinayak Sardesai, and G. Santhosh Kumar. "Integrity Management of Aged Equipment in Sour Oil and Gas Service: Kuwait Oil Company Approach." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25115.
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The professionals across the Oil & Gas industry have strived to combat the adverse effects of Hydrogen Sulphide and maintain the integrity of vital facilities. The detrimental effects of Hydrogen Sulphide on process equipment has remained as one of the prime subject of research in Oil & Gas Industry, fostering the advancement of inspection philosophies and necessitating adoption of appropriate mitigating measures. The challenge of Integrity Management increases with the ageing of equipment and increased influx of sour media. This paper discusses: • The change in operating environment — from non sour to sour. • The actions taken to protect the equipment in the changed operating environment. • Consequent changes in the inspection strategies and techniques to detect material degradation. • Material protection methodologies deployed to manage the age old facilities for safe operation. This paper gives an insight into the various methodologies adopted in KOC to address asset/plant life extension issues of an operating company to tackle the challenges caused by the changed composition of fluids handled. The paper illustrates adoption of appropriate inspection strategies, application of effective internal coating systems, periodic online monitoring of the pressure vessels to improve confidence level with respect to integrity of the vessels without necessitating major changes in the facilities.