Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Instabilités de Marangoni'
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Bergeon, Alain. "Instabilités de Marangoni-Bénard en présence d'effet Soret." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECDL0023.
Full textThe prediction and control of hydrodynamic instabilities are important for material processing from a melt, as these instabilities often perturb the quality of the material. The theoretical and numerical work presented in this thesis deal with the Marangoni-Bénard instability in binary mixtures with Soret effect. This type of instability is obtained when a fluid layer differentially heated presents a free surface subjected to surface tension depending on temperature and concentration. The natural fluctuations of temperature and concentration along the interface give surface tension gradients. These gradients generate surface forces which can lead, if viscous dissipation and diffusion are unable to damp the motion, to the formation of convective cells. The results concern the onset of this instability and the evolution of the convective structures which are created in two- and three- dimensional parallelepipedic cavities without gravity. First, the linear stability analysis of the conductive solution is presented. This analysis is performed analytically for laterally unbounded cavities and numerically for confined cavities. The nonlinear analysis giving the selection of flow structures beyond the thresholds is performed numerically with the use of a continuation method which has been developed specifically. The results are presented under the form of bifurcation diagrams which are maps of evolution of the physical and mathematical solutions of the system with regard to the variation of one of the characteristic parameters. These diagrams have given many informations on the dynamic of our system allowing for example to explain the disparition or the stabilisation of some of the solutions
Dupont, Olivier. "Les instabilités de Marangoni-Bénard: conditions instationnaires en pesanteur normale et réduite." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212931.
Full textLe, Roux Sébastien. "Effet Marangoni aux interfaces fluides." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S060/document.
Full textWe report experiments about the deposition of water soluble surfactants at the interface between two fluids. After some theoretical developments, we study the spreading of water soluble amphiphiles at the water/air interface. In this part, we present two experimental setups where these molecules show a typical induced flow velocity, and a finite spreading distance, depending on the CMC of surfactant we use, which results in the apparition of a coronna on the surface of the liquid. We then set up a fast and simple CMC measurement protocole using our experimental setup. This spreading induces also a vertical deformation of the interface, a double toroidal recirculation in the bulk, and a beatiful hydrodynamic surface instability all around the coronna. The second experiment is about the spreading of amphiphiles at the interface between oil and water. In this experiment, the vertical deformations induced by the spreading can become so important that under certain circumstances, we manage to create a hole in the oil layer. We focus on the study of these vertical deformations and on the caracteristics of this hole. Finally, the last experiment is about the deposition of a Triton X-100 drop at the water/air interface. This molecule has the ability to gelify when it gets hydrated, allowing him to float. Then we can observe the self propulsion of the droplet. We focus on the microscopic structure of this gel phase, and also on the erratic trajectories followed by the drop
Tadmouri, Rawad. "Tensioactifs en système biphasique eau-huile : propriétés, transfert et instabilité de Marangoni." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1360/.
Full textHydrodynamics instability have been observed and studied during the mass transfer in two water/oil biphasic systems. The first is a non-reactive system involving the transfer of two series of ionic surfactants (tetraalkylammonium bromide (CnTAB) and tetraalkylammonium dodecylsulfate (TAADS)). In this case, the instability is periodic. The second system is a reactive system, the biphasic hydrolysis of myristoyl chloride (RCOCl). The transfer of myristoyl chloride to the aqueous phase is induced by the hydrolysis reaction leading to the formation of surface-active compounds. Studies in the geometry of the Hele-Shaw cell showed that this biphasic reaction gives rise to a well-defined regime of chemo-Marangoni convection cells. Our objective was initially to determine quantitatively the physicochemical properties of these systems. We have developed a methodology based on the modeling of interfacial tension measurements, to determine the partition and adsorption properties at the water/air and water /oil interface and aggregation. We have showed for the two series of surfactants the formation of oil in water microemulsions. We have also studied the kinetics of transfer and showed a particular dynamic accelerating due to the catalytic effect. For the non-reactive system, this acceleration, observed during the transfer of the organic phase to the aqueous phase, is due to the formation of oil-in-water microemulsions. For the reactive system, the shape of the kinetics is different from that observed for simple transfer of the surfactant. The sigmoid curve in this case is perfectly symmetrical. This observation certainly indicates a mechanism different from above. It also implies a change of solubilization of the aqueous phase but this time not by the formation of aggregates but by the formation of dimers
Wodlei, Florian. "Self-pulsations of a dichloromethane drop on a surfactant solution." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30188/document.
Full textFar-from-equilibrium systems exhibit a wide variety of spatial and temporal patterns known as dissipative structures. The interplay between physico-chemical processes and mass or heat transfer can give rise to spatio-temporal structures induced by convective flows. These flows may result from density or surface tension gradients. They are the expression of the conversion from chemical into mechanical energy. When surface tension is the driving force, the corresponding effects are known as Marangoni effects. They are at play in numerous applications as extraction processes, oil recovery, and chemical reactors at all scales and noticeably modify transfer rates. The complexity of real systems deserves the development of model systems, essentials to settle, on a fundamental level, the theory governing the related dynamics. A succession of dynamical regimes is observed during the dissolution of a dichloromethane drop deposited on aqueous solutions of a cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB). The remarkable range of shapes and motion patterns that emerges is related to the surfactant concentration, which is used as a control parameter. For low surfactant concentrations, we observe translational motion and pulsations of the drop. At intermediate concentrations the drop transforms and starts to rotate. At higher concentrations polygonal shapes are observed. Although chemically simple and of easy implementation, the system is relatively complex and involves several processes: evaporation, solubilization, surfactant mass transfer, interfacial adsorption and self-aggregation. Thermal and transport effects induced are at the origin of local variations of interfacial tension leading to the Marangoni flows. In this thesis, we focused on the behavior of the dichloromethane drop when the aqueous surfactant concentration (0.5 mM) leads to the pulsating regime. At this concentration, we have first analyzed the behavior of the drop during the induction period that precedes the instable regime. Drop shape analysis, correlated to Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements, showed that dissolution flows initially hinder adsorption of CTAB at the water/oil interface. The instability is only triggered when dissolution is reduced and water/oil adsorption becomes effective. The induction period appears as a slow transition from an initial negative spreading coefficient (a lens shape drop) towards a positive spreading coefficient that triggers film expansion and following pulsations. These pulsations are accompanied by the ejection of smaller droplets which are formed from a toroidal rim that is created during the expanding phase of the drop. The break-up of this toroidal rim, resembles to what is known as the Rayleigh-Plateau (RP) instability. Nevertheless, the observed characteristic wavelength is a factor of 2 too small in respect to the classical RP instability. We have found the origin of this discrepancy in the fact that modulations that appear on the rim before it transforms into droplets are settled by deformations arising at the surface of the expanding film. They appear as wrinkles that form in the film and may be related to thermal Marangoni effects known as Benard-Marangoni instability. These wrinkles play an important part in the highly organized dewetting structure described in the last chapter of the thesis. The addition of CTAB also in the organic (drop) phase leads to faster pulsations which, after a very high amplitude expanding stage and the ejection of a perfect crown of droplets, result during the film receding stage in the formation of a pattern which symmetry is reminiscent of a flower. A qualitative interpretation aimed at identifying the main processes at play and based on independent surface tension data gives a consistent explanation of the observed pulsations and related self-organized patterns
Pradines, Vincent. "Instabilités périodiques de Marangoni en système biphasique liquide/liquide : rôle et propriétés de paires d'ions tensioactives." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30155.
Full textTrouette, Benoît. "Instabilités de Rayleigh-Bénard-Marangoni, induites par évaporation, en régime transitoire. Applicatons aux solutions polymères." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598835.
Full textTrouette, Benoît. "Instabilités de Rayleigh-Bénard-Marangoni, induites par l'évaporation, en régime transitoire : application aux solutions polymères." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112298.
Full textThis work aims to study numerically how instabilities are activated in the drying of solvent/polymer solution. Solvent evaporation induces both a cooling and a decrease in solvent concentration at the free surface. Consequently, density variations (buoyancy) and/or superficial tension variations (Marangoni effect) can generate convection into the bulk. Besides, since the temperature and concentration gradients but also the thickness of the solution evolve during the drying, we are dealing here with a full transient problem. For this purpose, two simplified models are established for thermal and solutal regimes respectively. This study mainly focuses on: the transient character of the problem, the role of each phenomenon (thermal/solutal), on one hand, and the impact of the evolution of the solvent mass fraction and by the way of the viscosity of the solution, on the other hand, on the instability thresholds and the flow structure
Géoris, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude des instabilités de Marangoni-Bénard et Rayleigh-Bénard pour les systèmes multicouches." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212715.
Full textAssemat, Pauline. "Dynamique non-linéaire des écoulements confinés : application à l'instabilité de Marangoni-Bénard et aux écoulements entre surfaces texturées." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1225/.
Full textThe work focuses on two different physical situations: the convective structures resulting from the Marangoni-Bénard instability and the flow between patterned surfaces. The two systems are spatially constrained and are analysed using dynamical systems theories. Marangoni-Bénard convection has been studied in cylindrical geometries with either a circular or a weakly elliptical cross-section. The comparison of the two situations is carried out in the non-linear regime and the corresponding bifurcation diagrams are analysed using bifurcation theory with symmetries. Two-dimensional Marangoni convection in binary mixtures with Soret effect has also been studied in large periodic domains. The results show the formation of steady convective structures localized in space called convectons and the onset of stable convectons embedded in a background of small amplitude standing waves. Finally, the transport properties of flows in between patterned surfaces under weak inertia influence is studied. The flow is induced by a constant applied pressure gradient and the velocity field is calculated using an extension of the lubrication approximation taking into account the first order inertial corrections. Trajectories of tracers are obtained by integrating numerically the quasi-analytic velocity field. The transport properties are analysed by the study of Poincaré sections and their invariants
Ruyer-Quil, Christian. "De la modélisation et des instabilités des films liquides tombants." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00746483.
Full textRozé, Claude. "Etude des oscillations créées par un fil chaud placé juste au-dessous de la surface libre d'un liquide." Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES045.
Full textMaillard, Mathieu. "Synthèse, organisation et anisotropie optique de nanocristaux d'argent." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066436.
Full textBurge, Wayne. "Marangoni Instabilities in Two-Layer Fluid Flow." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518388.
Full textMaquet, Jean. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de surstabilité d'une surface libre chauffée par un laser ou un fil chaud." Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES047.
Full textSchwarzenberger, Karin. "Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Strukturbildung unter stationärer solutaler Marangoni-Instabilität." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-192640.
Full textDuquette, Jonathan. "A Bénard-Marangoni instability and nucleation of nanotubes /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84025.
Full textCzechowski, Leszek. "Marangoni instability in a finite container with a deformable interface." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ28556.pdf.
Full textBecerril, Bárcenas Ricardo. "Instabilities and onset in double diffusive and long-wavelength Marangoni convection /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Full textKoleski, Goce. "Flower-like azimuthal instability of a divergent flow at the water/air interface." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0244.
Full textAxisymmetric flows on a water-air interface prove to be azimuthally unstable. In this thesis work, we design two setups to explore this fact : (1) a small subaquatic fountain propelling a jet against the water-air interface where it creates a centrifugal radial flow, (2) a laser – heated microbead in partial wetting at the surface of water that induces a divergent thermocapillary flow. At sufficiently high jet speeds or laser powers appears a symmetry – breaking of the toroidal base flow in the form of counter – rotating vortex pairs surrounding the source. Morphological traits of the torus and the dipole are uncovered through a wealth of laser tomography and dye injection experiments. In the water jet experiment, we show that the torus size is primarily fixed by the distance between the injector and the surface. In both experiments,the tracking of tracer particles evidences a ‘locked’ interface in the toroidal regime, whereas it ‘unlocks’ when a dipole sets in. Such a phenomenon is conditioned by surface elasticity. Cogent evidence is brought by the elastic response to laser shutdown of a surfactant layer adsorbed at the water surface. Unveiling the key role of surface elasticity in the scenario of the instability is the main achievement of this work.On a theoretical level, we focus on thermocapillary convection induced by a fixed point source of heat sitting across the water-air interface. We solve the incompressible Stokes equation within the water – filled half – space and derive an exact solution to the advective nonlinear regime in the far – field axisymmetric limit. We then lay the groundwork on which to build a model of the instability. This thesis work paves the way for understanding how a hot microsphere found on the water surface triggers such an instability, thereby becoming an ‘active particle’ able to achieve self – propulsion at large speeds
Bammou, Lahcen. "Instabilité thermoconvective d'un écoulement Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard-Marangoni en canal ouvert à surface libre." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3030/document.
Full textSeveral studies both numerical and experimental have reported the presence of thermal instabilities in liquid films uniformly heated from below for specific boundary conditions and flows. The presence of these instabilities modifies the associated heat transfer. The subject of this PhD thesis is to study numerically the instability of three-dimensional laminar mixed convection within a liquid flowing on a horizontal channel heated uniformly from below. The upper surface is free and assumed to be flat. The variations of the surface tension with the temperature (Marangoni effect or thermocapillary effect) are taken into account. Although of great interest for many industrial applications, this problem has received little attention from an academic point of view. In this configuration, several types of thermoconvective structures may appear. When the strength of the buoyancy, thermocapillary effects and forced convective currents are comparable, the results show the development of instabilities in the form of steady longitudinal convective rolls similar to those encountered in the Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard flow. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard flow associated to the Marangoni effects has been investigated. The number and spatial distribution of the convective rolls along the channel depend on the flow conditions. We propose a numerical study on the flow conditions that could lead to thermal instabilities with an evaluation of their effect on the heat transfer. The coupled Navier-Stokes and energy equations are solved numerically by the finite volume method taking into account the thermocapillary effects. The results presented concern the influence of several control parameters (the Reynolds, Rayleigh, Biot and Marangoni numbers and the aspect ratio of the channel) on the flow patterns and heat transfer characteristics. In the second part of this work, complimentary to the first, a linear stability analysis of a horizontal liquid film flowing in an open channel, with infinite lateral extension and uniform heating from below, is carried out. An eigenvalue problem is obtained in the course of this analysis which is solved numerically using the Chebyshev collocation spectral method. The stability diagrams determining the threshold parameters leading to thermoconvective instabilities were obtained and analyzed as well as the associated spatial patterns
De, Oliveira Cruz Mendes Tatsis Maria Alcina. "Marangoni instabilities under microgravity and in liquid-liquid systems with an interfacial chemical reaction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46279.
Full textSaenz, Pedro Javier. "Evaporation of liquid layers and drops." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9980.
Full textZhao, Sicheng. "Interactive dynamics of fluid flow and metallic alloys solidification." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX30010.
Full textWe studied the convective phenomena and their dynamical interaction with the formation of the microstructurs during directional solidification of binary metallic alloys.The post-mortem method was used first to study the Columnar-Equiaxed-Transition during the directional solidification of unrefined Al-3.5wt%Ni in cylindric samples under the Accelerated Crucible Rotation Technique. The numerical imulation was carried out and achieved the results in agreement with experiments.The in-situ technique was applied to understand the evolution of equiaxed grains during solidification of Al-4wt%Cu in function of time. The statistical characteristics of equiaxed grains were discussed.The buoyancy-driven and surface-tension-driven instability convection under vertical and horizontal thermal gradients in a liquid-porous double-layered system were respectively investigated through linear instability analysis.The inhomogeneity of the dendritic mush permeability was taken into account in order to understand its influence on the triggering of convection during the directional solidification of Al-3.5wt%Li
Magdelaine-Guillot, de Suduiraut Quentin. "Hydrodynamique des films liquides hétérogènes." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS531.
Full textCoating processes allow functionalizing a surface to obtain new properties, as anti-glare or anti-scratch. Amongst the various methods, wet coating, the process of spreading then drying a liquid layer containing a material of interest, is particularly appealing because of its efficiency and low cost. One key hurdle, however, is the possible apparition of defects in the film during the drying process, notably, thickness variations over large areas. These imperfections degrade the aspect and the optical properties of the surface. In this Ph.D. thesis, we shed light on the apparition of these defects, by studying the flows triggered by the evaporation in liquid films of binary mixtures. Indeed, the evaporation of the solvent can induce variations of composition which generate in return gradients of tension at the film surface which destabilize it. The combination of model experiments, theoretical modeling and numerical simulations allowed us to reveal and describe quantitatively several regimes, which correspond to the factor limiting the instability: gravity, Laplace pressure, lateral homogenization by diffusion of the compounds or by their vertical stratification due to the evaporation. An independent study has been lead on the generation of bubble trains when air is slowly injected in a bath
Robert, de saint vincent Matthieu. "Écoulements microfluidiques pilotés sans contact par une onde laser." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14072/document.
Full textThe thermocapillary (or Marangoni) effect is the mechanical result of an interfacial tension gradientinduced by a temperature gradient on a fluid interface. This effect manifests itself byinducing (i) the migration of an immersed finite-size object (droplet, bubble), and (ii) a deflexionof the interface. Due to its interfacial nature, the Marangoni effect is particularly relevantat small length scales, especially in the context of two-phase microfluidics. This thesis aims atapplying the thermocapillary effect locally induced by laser heating, in order to create some basicoptofluidic actuators (valve, switch, sampler). A quantitative study of these actuators is presented.The laser-forced destabilization of a co-flowing microfluidic jet, leading to its breakup,is also investigated. This “optical toolbox” represents a non-contacting, and microfabricationfreeapproach for the production and handling of droplets in digital microfluidics. Moreover, tocharacterize these droplet over long times, thus considering statistically significant populations,a simple optoelectronic device has been developed for measuring the size and velocity of thedroplets in real time
Schwarzenberger, Karin [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Odenbach, and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Miller. "Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Strukturbildung unter stationärer solutaler Marangoni-Instabilität / Karin Schwarzenberger. Betreuer: Stefan Odenbach. Gutachter: Stefan Odenbach ; Reinhard Miller." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1083463292/34.
Full textSchwarzenberger, Karin Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Odenbach, and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Miller. "Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Strukturbildung unter stationärer solutaler Marangoni-Instabilität / Karin Schwarzenberger. Betreuer: Stefan Odenbach. Gutachter: Stefan Odenbach ; Reinhard Miller." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1083463292/34.
Full textUguz, Kamuran Erdem. "Evaporative instability in binary mixtures." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112169/document.
Full textThis study focuses on understanding the physics of the convective flow resulting from evaporative instability in binary mixtures. This problem has wide applications in spin coating, film deposition, heat pipes, etc. where phase change and convection play a very important role in the design process and also final quality of the product. The physical system of interest consists of a liquid mixture underlying its own vapor sandwiched between two conducting plates with insulated sidewalls in a closed container. The conducting plates are used to apply a vertical temperature gradient while there is no applied concentration gradient in the system. Concentration gradients are induced by the different evaporation rate of the components. In this system it is important to understand how the fluid dynamics and the heat and mass transfer interact competitively to form patterns. The main goal of this work is to identify the conditions for the system going from the conductive no-flow state to a convection state when the applied vertical temperature gradient exceeds a certain value called the critical value.In the system convection arises due to three distinct phenomena; evaporation, density gradients, and interfacial tension gradients. These convective forces are opposed by the diffusion effects that try to keep the system in the conductive no-flow state. The onset point depends upon several variables such as the dimensions of the container, thermo-physical properties of both liquid and vapor phases, mass fraction, and the characteristic of the disturbance given to the system. The effects of each of these variables on the onset point are investigated both in the presence and in the absence of gravity. To represent the physics a complete non-linear mathematical model is developed including momentum, energy, and mass balances in both phases with appropriate boundary conditions. The binary mixture is assumed to be made up of two low weight alcohols such as ethanol and sec-butanol. In the modeling equations the density and the interfacial tension are taken to be function of both temperature and concentration. To identify the onset point the non-linear equations are linearized around a known base state. In this case the base state is the conductive no-flow state. The resulting set of linear equations is solved using a spectral Chebyshev collocation method. Four major results arise from this work. First, in a multi-component system in the absence of gravity, an instability arises only when the system is heated from the vapor side as opposed to evaporation in a single-component. The implication is that evaporative processes in thin layers or in micro-gravity are best conducted with heat from the liquid side if instabilities are to be avoided.Second, in the presence of gravity, a multi-component system may become unstable no matter the direction of heating. If thermal buoyancy is negligible then it is shown in this study that heating from the vapor side is the unstable arrangement. Otherwise either heating style can produce an instability. This result means that the applied temperature difference must be kept below a threshold in order to avoid flow instabilities no matter the heating direction.Third, whenever instability occurs in the absence of gravity, patterns will not result in the case of a pure component but may result in the case of multi-components. Likewise, patterns will result when gravity is taken into account provided the aspect ratio of the container lies in a suitable range. As a result, aspect ratios can be chosen to avoid multi-cellular patterns even if convective flow instabilities arise during evaporation.Lastly, oscillations are not ordinarily predicted despite opposing effects of solutaland thermal convection in the evaporation problem
Ringuet, Eric. "Instabilites temporelles et spatio-temporelles créées par la présence d'un fil chaud sous une surface libre." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES068.
Full textGedvilas, Mindaugas. "Self-organization in thin metal films under laser irradiation." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20111122_102641-53693.
Full textDisertacijos darbo tikslas yra suprasti pagrindinius fizikinius mechanizmus, lemiančius raibulių susidarymą. Išmokti kontroliuoti raibulių formavimąsi. Panaudoti raibulių formavimąsi difrakcinių gardeliu gamybai. Rasti sąlygas, kada raibulių formavimosi galima išvengti, siekiant sumažinti kodinės stiklinės liniuotės periodą. Ištirti galimą raibulių formavimąsi skirtingų metalų dangose. Šioje daktaro disertacijoje pristatomi eksperimentiniai ir teoriniai rezultatai naujo savi-organizacijos reiškinio metalo dangos ant stiklo padėklo nanosekundinio lazerio į juostą sufokusuoto pluošto spinduliuotės poveikyje. Pristatomas naujas difrakcinių gardelių formavimo metodas panaudojant metalo savitvarką. Siekiant suprasti kas inicijuoja raibulių formavimąsi ir ar jis įmanomas visiems metalams, dangos apdribimas persiklojančiais lazerio impulsais aštriai į juostą sufokusuotu lazerio pluoštu išbandytas skirtingiems metalams. Skirtingas dangos elgesys stebimas kiekvienam metalui. Nagrinėjami pagrindiniai fizikiniai mechanizmai sukeliantys griežtai periodinių raibulių formavimąsi. Parodoma, kad raibulių formavimosi pradžia atsiranda dėl Plato-Reilio nestabilumo cilindrinės užvartos susidarymo metu. Taip pat parodoma, kad Marangoni konvekcija skystame metale yra pagrindinė jėga, lemianti nusistovėjusį periodinių raibulių formavimąsi.
Gedvilas, Mindaugas. "Plonų metalų sluoksnių savitvarkos lazerio spinduliuotės poveikyje tyrimas ir modeliavimas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20111122_102749-17404.
Full textThe aim of this PhD thesis is to find out mechanisms of the ripple initiation and formation in the chromium thin film on the glass substrate. To learn to control the ripple formation and to apply it for fabrication of diffraction gratings. In this thesis, the experimental and theoretical results of new self-organization effect of the metal thin film on the glass substrate under irradiation with a sequence of partially overlapping laser pulses are presented. The method for formation of the regular ripples and results on investigation of diffractive properties of the self-organized gratings is presented. Different types of metals are used in experiments in order to understand the reasons of regular structure formation in chromium film. A diverse behavior of the films under laser irradiation is observed depending on the metal when burst of partially overlapping pulses was applied. Experimental data is compared with simulations based on different physical phenomena in order to develop and confirm a model of ripple formation in thin chromium film under its irradiation with pulses of a nanosecond laser. The Plateau-Rayleigh instability of the cylindrical ridge formation during laser ablation appears to be the most probable process responsible for initiation of the ripple formation. The Marangoni convection of the molten metal from hot areas to cold is the stabilizing process of steady ripple formation.
Grahn, Alexander. "Strömungsinstabilitäten bei Stoffübergang und chemischer Reaktion an der ebenen Grenzfläche zwischen zwei nicht mischbaren Flüssigkeiten." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-28755.
Full textGrahn, Alexander. "Strömungsinstabilitäten bei Stoffübergang und chemischer Reaktion an der ebenen Grenzfläche zwischen zwei nicht mischbaren Flüssigkeiten." Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, 2005. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21702.
Full textHanchak, Michael Stephen. "One Dimensional Model of Thermo-Capillary Driven Liquid Jet Break-up with Drop Merging." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1259769437.
Full textBarbet, Bruno. "Stimulations électrohydrodynamique et thermique de jets de liquide conducteur." Grenoble 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10062.
Full textPrasser, H. M., and Alexander Grahn. "Dissipative Strukturbildung bei exothermen Grenzflächenreaktionen." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-30085.
Full textPrasser, H. M., and Alexander Grahn. "Dissipative Strukturbildung bei exothermen Grenzflächenreaktionen." Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, 2000. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21835.
Full textRobert, De Saint Vincent Matthieu. "Écoulements microfluidiques pilotés sans contact par une onde laser." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00532632.
Full textHennessy, Matthew Gregory. "Mathematical problems relating to the fabrication of organic photovoltaic devices." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7753abec-bb6e-4d8a-aa5b-b527c5beb49b.
Full textChouman, Khalil. "Stimulations thermiques internes d'un jet d'encre conductrice." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10003.
Full textHA, VAI-MENG, and 夏煒銘. "The Analysis of Marangoni Instability of Evaporating Liquid." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66866678679170401387.
Full text國立臺灣大學
機械工程學系研究所
86
Evaporation of liquid is an unsteady process of heat and mass transports. As time proceeds and evaporation continues, the evaporation rate and the temperature distribution in the liquid phase vary continuously. It is the temperature reduction near the free surface the driving potential for the onset of Marangoni instability of an evaporating liquid. The purpose of this study is to investigate theoretically the onset and physical mechanism of Marangoni instability of an evaporating liquid. A two-dimensional liquid layer and a spherical droplet are analyzed and discussed. By assuming the surface regression of the liquid layer is negligibly small and the surrounding gas motion is asymptotically steady, similarity solutions are obtained prior to the onset of instability. Linear stability analysis is then applied, with respect to the temperature distributions of the liquid layer at certain specified instants, to obtain the critical Marangoni number for the onset of instability. The results indicate that the onset condition is a strong function of the initial temperature of the liquid layer. For a liquid layer with a non-deformable free surface, the critical Marangoni number of the stationary instability decreases with the increase of the initial temperature of the liquid layer. The critical wave number at the mean time shifts from a low wave number to a high wave number. As time proceeds and evaporation continues, the thermal boundary layer thickness near the free surface becomes larger and the liquid layer becomes more unstable. Moreover, the liquid layer with a lower boiling point tends to be more unstable and possesses a larger value of critical wave number. No oscillatory instability is found in the parametric ranges under investigation. For a liquid layer with a deformable free surface, the surface deflection is, in general, a destabilizing factor and the critical Marangoni number decreases as the Crispation number, increases. There still exists no oscillatory instability in the parametric ranges of interest. The onset, mechanism, and modes of Marangoni instability of an evaporating droplet are also investigated systematically. With the quasi-steady approximation which assumes that the size change of the droplet is negligible, the surrounding gas motion is asymptotically steady, and the temperature distribution of the droplet is temporarily frozen at each specified instant, the sufficient onset condition for Marangoni instability is obtained through the linear stability analysis. The results reveal that, for a non-deformable droplet, both the critical Marangoni number and wave number increase with the initial temperature. As time proceeds and evaporation continues, the temperature reduction near the free surface increases. As a result, the critical Marangoni number decreases and the system becomes more unstable. No oscillatory instability is found within the parametric ranges of interest. For a droplet with a deformable free surface, the stationary instability is still the preferred mode of instability. However, for liquids with a small Prandtl number, the oscillatory instability may become the preferred mode. Generally, surface deformation is a destabilizing factor.
Schwarzenberger, Karin. "Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Strukturbildung unter stationärer solutaler Marangoni-Instabilität." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29162.
Full textChiang, Ko-Ta, and 江可達. "Instability analysis of B\''enard-Marangoni convection in a fluid layer." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67841722644289338919.
Full textChao, Shu-Yi, and 趙書頤. "The Analysis of Marangoni Instability of an Evaporating Droplet by Amplification Method." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48615104224910554631.
Full text國立臺灣大學
機械工程學研究所
89
When a volatile liquid is exposed to the atmosphere, it evaporates if the liquid vapor is unsaturated. As the evaporation proceeds, it will cool the liquid down and results in a nonlinear temperature profile in the interior of the liquid and a thermal boundary layer near the free surface. It is this thermal boundary layer the driving potential for the onset of Marangoni instability. The purpose of this study is to investigate theoretically the onset and the physical mechanism of Marangoni instability of an evaporating droplet. The amplification method with linear stability theory is used for analysis. By defining an appropriate criterion, the onset of Marangoni instability can be determined. The effects of Ma, Cr, and initial temperature are then investigated. Situations with a deformable and undeformable free surface are both studied. The results indicate that the deformability of the free surface does not affect significantly the onset of Marangoni instability and the stationary mode is eventually the existing one. With a higher Ma, the onset time becomes smaller and the instability occurs earlier, which implies the droplet is more unstable. Meantime, the critical wave number increases and the corresponding cellular flow pattern near the free surface becomes shallower. Moreover, the droplet becomes more stable with a higher initial temperature. According to the calculations, for initial temperature 293K, 313K, 333K, and 353K, the corresponding critical Marangoni number are 210, 240, 320, 460. The linear energy-balance relation is finally employed to illustrate the physical mechanism for the onset of Marangoni instability of an evaporating droplet.
Chen, Chiun-Chieh, and 陳俊傑. "Benard-Marangoni Instabilities in a Variable-Viscosity Fluid Layer with and without Rotation." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47815301902303915640.
Full text國立中興大學
應用數學系
86
In this dissertation, both stationary and oscillatory modes of the Benard-Marangoni instabilities in a variable-viscosity fluid layer with andwithout rotation are studied by means of linear stability analysis.We consider a layer of a liquid of mean thickness d, standing upon a heatinghorizontal plate of infinite extent. The dependency of viscosity and surfacetension of the fluid on temperature are assumed exponential and linearrespectively.The upper deformable surface of the liquid is open to the atmosphere, whilethe lower boundary is in contact with a solid wall. The linearized perturbation equations are solved by using the shooting method to obtain theeigenvalues that governs the onset of Benard-Marangoni convection.The asymptotic solutions of long wavelength are achieved and very well comparedwith the numerical ones and might be reduced to the case with constant viscosity.In present study, for C=0 and Ta=0, the possibility of existence of oscillatorymode is not found, whether the viscosity varies or not. The regions forexistence of overstability and the dependence of the critical Rayleigh numberRc and Marangoni number Mc on the various physical parameters are investigated.The numerical results show that the onset of both stationary and oscillatoryconvection in a variable-viscosity fluid layer with rotation will possiblyexhibit the formation of a sublayer.
Liou, May-Phone, and 劉玫灃. "Boundary Effect On the Onset of Benard-Marangoni Convective Instability in a Rotating System." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40345960981889947797.
Full textYang, Cheng-Hsien, and 楊政憲. "Onset of B'enard-Marangoni Convective Instability of Arrhenius Fluid in a Fluid-Solid System under Coriolis Force." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12540953655412236260.
Full text逢甲大學
應用數學研究所
86
Linear stability analysis of the B'enard-Marangoni problem in a horizontal fluid layer, subject to a rotation, overlying a solid layer is considered. The lower boundary is subject to a fixed heat flux, while the free upper surface is non-deformable andis fixed with a general thermal condition. The principle of exchange of stability and Boussinesq's approximation are taken for granted. The characte^*7Nic problem is solved numerically by using the Runge-Kutta-Gill's shooting method. The thickness ratio dr, conductivity ratio kr, Biot number Bi and Taylor number Ta are important on determining the critical Rayleigh number Rc or Marangoni number Mc with the corresponding critical wavenumber ac.The numerical results show the system is more stabilizing at larger value of the thickness ratio dr, conductivity ratio kr, Biot number Bi and Taylor number Ta. In particular, it is interesting to notice that, under suitable conditions, stationary convection can appear in two different modes one with a finite and another with an infinite wavelength.
Hua, Chao Min, and 趙敏華. "Onset of Benard-Marangoni Convective instability in a Fluid-Solid System Subject to Rotation and Temperature-Dependent Viscosity." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99049208788965631963.
Full text逢甲大學
應用數學系
87
The onset of Benard-Marangoni convection for a fluid layer standing upto a solid plate in a rotating in considered. The upper surface for the liquid layer is supposed to be free and non-deformable which is subjected to a general thermal condition and the lower boundary is rigid with constant heat flux. The interface between the liquid layer and solid plate is assumed to be a no-slip boundary condition. The viscosity is strongly affected by the temperature and we may postulate the viscosity is a exponential function of temperature.