Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Instabilités hydrodynamiques'
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Trouvé, Arnaud. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques et instabilités de combustion de flammes turbulentes prémélangées." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ECAP0097.
Full textBuellet, Anne-Cécile. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques dans l'effondrement du cœur d'une étoile en rotation avant son explosion en supernova." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASP034.
Full textAt the end of their lives, massive stars explode and produce a phenomenon called a supernova. It begins when the fusion reactions in the core of the star run out of fuel. The core of the star collapses until it becomes so dense that the nuclear forces counteract the gravity, creating a rebound. The inner core then gives rise to a compact star, a protoneutron star (PNS) with a radius of ~50 km at its formation.The shock wave generated by this bounce then propagates towards the collapsing outer layers. However, the energy of this shock is not enough for it to reach the star's surface directly. It becomes stationary at a radius of ~ 200 km. The explosion of the star into a supernova depends on the ability of this shock to be revived and reach the star's surface. The interaction between matter and neutrinos plays an essential role in these dynamics. Neutrinos emitted by the cooling PNS can be absorbed by the dense matter beneath the shock. The resulting heating induces a swelling of the shock.The development of hydrodynamic instabilities affects the absorption efficiency of neutrinos under the stationary shock wave. Among these instabilities, convection is favoured by the establishment of a negative entropy gradient. Convective motions prolong the exposure of matter to the neutrino flux.On the other hand, the stationary accretion shock instability (SASI) is due to a cycle between acoustic waves and the advection of entropy and vorticity perturbations, generated by the shock deformation. By its spiral geometry, it allows a local increase of the density which increases the probability of interaction of neutrinos with matter.In this thesis, we present a linear analysis (analytical and numerical) of these two instabilities, allowing us to establish the parameter domains for which each instability dominates the flow dynamics. We also investigate the impact of rotation on these domains. The effect of rotation on these instabilities is still poorly known and is an open question in the supernova community.In the absence of rotation, the intensity of neutrino heating, evaluated through χ ∼ 3 parameter comparing the flotation time and the advection time, allows the distinction between the SASI domain and the convective domain. We demonstrate the shortcomings of this criterion and suggest another, more general, criterion to determine the convective growth threshold. Contrary to the results found by Foglizzo et al. (2006}, we show that the transition from SASI to convection does not occur for a threshold value of χ ∼ 3 but on a heating domain such that χ ∈ [3, 4]. We then present an analysis of the influence of rotation on the linear growth of these instabilities. For slow rotations, the instability criterion based on the χ parameter decreases. If the rotation exceeds 10% of the Keplerian rotation at the PNS surface, then mixed SASI/convection/rotation modes appear at large scales. For strong rotations (>30% of the Keplerian rotation at the PNS surface), the influence of the χ parameter on both the growth rate and the frequency of the most unstable mode becomes negligible. This weak dependency indicates that convection no longer plays a role in the dominant instability, which is of rotational origin. In this regime, the interpretation of the measured gravitational wave frequencies can be facilitated because the frequency of the dominant mode is directly related to the rotation rate of the star's core
Varela, López Fernando. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques dans les procédés d'enduisage." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112346.
Full textIn this work the process of liquid roll coating application is studied, paying particular attention to the hydrodynamical instability occurring at the free surface of the transferred film. This process is widely used in coating industry, particularly in coated steel. This experimental work intends to a better understanding of the physical mechanisms that governs this kind of processes. Several experiments were conducted, not only to measure the onset and further development of the instability but also to fully characterize the rheological properties of the fluids. A correlation between experimental results and physical properties of fluids has been established, as well as an experimental verification of simple hydrodynamical models, which permits a qualitative understanding of the destabilizing mechanisms. The main result found in this work is related to the viscoelastic effects: the presence of normal stress differences generates a reduction in threshold onset, which has been studied both with respect to geometrical parameters and rheological properties. This allowed the determination of the relation between polymer concentration and threshold. Also, further development of instability has been studied, finding morphological differences with the Newtonian case. Results of base flow measurements showed that there exists some range where viscoelastic effects can be considered small enough, such that weak viscoelasticity hypothesis are fulfilled and the simple model developed in this work should apply. Thus it can be asserted that in the weak viscoelasticity limit elastic effects modifies the onset of instability via boundary conditions rather than base flow changes. This work has been conducted in the Grupo de Medics Porosos at Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de Buenos-Aires, and at FAST (Fluids, Automatique et Systems Thermiques), Orsay, France
Messineo, Jérôme. "Modélisation des instabilités hydrodynamiques dans les moteurs-fusées hybrides." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0025/document.
Full textHybrid rocket motors combine solid and bi-liquid chemical propulsion technologies and associate asolid fuel and a liquid oxidizer in its classical configuration. This architecture offers several advantagesover liquid propulsion such as lower costs and a simplified architecture. The possibility of performingmultiple extinctions and re-ignitions and a good theoretical specific impulse is also an improvement inregard to solid propulsion. Hybrid engines also have improved safety and a lower environmental impactthan other chemical propulsion systems. As in all combustion chambers, hybrid engines suffer from pressure oscillations under specific operating conditions. These instabilities provoke thrust fluctuations that can damage the launcher and payloads.Various phenomena can induce the pressure oscillations observed in hybrid rocket engines.The objective of this thesis is to propose a model of hydrodynamics instabilities that appear in hybridengines. A new exploitation of the database available at ONERA, and unsteady 2D and 3D numericalsimulations were used for the modeling. The instabilities are provoked by the periodic formation ofvortices in the combustion chamber that generate pressure fluctuations when passing through the nozzlethroat. The originality of the model, which is based on the classical theory of vortices generation ina cavity, consists in taking into account the geometrical variations of the combustion chamber duringoperation. These variations have an effect on the flow velocity, on the recirculation area in the postchamberand on the vortices. Finally, several new firing tests of the hybrid engine HYCOM have beenperformed and compared to the model developed in this thesis
Nikiema, Oumarou. "Modélisation de la circulation côtière sur une marge continentale soumise à un apport fluvial important : application au cas du plateau nord brésilien sous influence de l'Amazone." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2006AIX22057.pdf.
Full textMarine circulation above the northern Brazilian continental shelf is subject to energetic forcing factors of various origins : high water buoyancy fluxes, a strong coastal current associated with a mesoscale current (North Brazil Current (NBC)), a forcing by semi diurnal tide and by Northeast or Southeast trade winds according to the season. Using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model (MOBEEHDYCS), and realistic bathymetry and coastline of the northern Brazilian shelf, we study the influence of some specific physical forcings on the morphology of the Amazon plume. We have shown that, contrary to other studies, the coastal current is the principal cause of the plume deviation northwestward. The numerical results are compared to field data and satellite images. Finally, the fate of the Amazonian suspended matter is investigated with the numerical model, and comparison between the modelled turbid plume and satellite image shows a good qualitative agreement
Lebranchu, Yannick. "Étude d'ondes non linéaires hydrodynamiques : approches théorique et expérimentale." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL005N/document.
Full textA first part is devoted to the study of the Rossby waves that appear in a rotating spherical shell representing the core of a terrestrial planet by thermal instabilities for two heating types. Internal heating is driven by radioactive sources and differential heating is driven by a difference of temperature between the internal and external frontiers. According to the Proudman-Taylor theorem, the flow depends only weakly on the axial coordinate because of the high rotation rate. Thus the 3D models can be simplified into quasi-geostrophic 2D models \textit{via} an axial integration. I present the first systematic comparison between 2D and 3D models (Simitev, U-Glasgow) for weakly nonlinear Rossby waves. In 2D the Landau equation that controls the amplitude of the critical wave is calculated. Predicted convection' amplitude and zonal flows agree rather well with the 3D results. The existence of a subcritical bifurcation is established at very low Ekman numbers with internal and differential heating; in this latter case, the Prandtl number also has to be small for the bifurcation to be subcritical. The second part is an experimental study of water flows and its first instabilities in an annular channel digged in a plate which may rotate, and which is sheared by a rotating lid. Three cases are studied: a pure shear where only the lid turns, a rapid corotation and a pure contrarotation. The onset of instability is studied with global measurements (using a video camera) and local ones (Laser Doppler Anemometry) and is characterized by spiralling waves. In the case of contrarotation, patterns localized in space and time may coexist with the waves. The comparison of these results with numerical ones (Serre, CNRS-Marseille) is done and shows a rather good agreement for the basic azimutal flow and the first instability (critical Reynolds number, wavenumber and angular frequency)
Marant, Mathieu. "Contrôle en boucle ouverte d'un écoulement tridimensionnel décollé par perturbations optimales." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19494/1/MARANT_Mathieu.pdf.
Full textRichard, Denis. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques dans les écoulements en rotation différentielle." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001393.
Full textKitenbergs, Guntars. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques de fluides magnétiques en écoulements microfluidiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066311/document.
Full textMagnetic field induced instabilities of magnetic fluids in microfluidic environment are investigated experimentally. Electrically stabilized water-based magnetic nanocolloids are used and throughout characterized.Magnetic micro-convection, observed at a miscible magnetic fluid-water interface in a Hele-Shaw cell in homogeneous field, is studied quantitatively and compared with theoretical predictions and numerical simulations, micro-convective flows being characterized by particle image velocimetry. Besides the critical field determination, it is shown that an increase of the magnetic field H speeds up the finger growth, which scales as H2, while the size of the fingering pattern is not changed. An application towards mixing enhancement in microfluidics is considered.The micro-convection study reveals a much larger effective diffusion coefficient of the nanoparticles than expected from Stokes - Einstein relation and standard determinations. Investigations with the same setup and with continuous microfluidics show that the effective diffusion mostly arises from a flow induced by the density difference between the miscible fluids. Additionally, the diffusion coefficient seems to be influenced by the particle stabilizing agents.Drops of a concentrated magnetic phase in co-existence with a dilute one are formed by phase separation after salt addition to the magnetic fluid and/or the application of a magnetic field. Their under-field shape deformations allow investigating the time evolution of the concentrated phase. Experiments show that in a precessing field at magic angle, the drops behave as in a rotating field except the initial shape deformation before quick elongation
Zerhboub, Mohammed. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques lors d'écoulements polyphasiques en milieu poreux." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10566.
Full textHernandez, Grégory. "Contrôle actif des instabilités hydrodynamiques des écoulements subsoniques compressibles." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT083H.
Full textGassa, Feugaing Canisius Martial. "Étude expérimentale des instabilités dans des systèmes hydrodynamiques modulés." Le Havre, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEHA0019.
Full textThe thesis is an experimental contribution to the study of the response to a parametric excitation of flows prone to instabilities. The first part of this work investigates the effect of modulation around a non zero mean value of the inner cylinder rotation on the stability of the Couette-Taylor flow of an aqueous solution of 30% of glycerol, in a system with fixed outer cylinder. A net destabilization of the flow has been evidenced for all modulation frequencies and amplitudes. Influence of the modulation on the critical patterns and at higher states is analysed. Spectral analysis revealed that pattern and excitation are desynchronized at low modulation frequency, while synchronized at high modulation frequency. The vortex size increases either with increasing values of the Taylor number or increasing values of the modulation frequency. There is a good agreement between these experimental results and available results from numerical simulation. The capillary instability of viscoelastic liquid jet under the influence of free and externally controlled disturbances is investigated experimentally in the second part. The working liquids are low concentration aqueous solutions of polyethylene oxide (POE, c* = 220 ppm), a neutral and flexible polymer of high molecular weight. Experiments show that the so-called beads-on-a-string structure remains before the final break-up point. This structure is also observed when periodic forcing is enabled. This behaviour indicates that the extensional properties of viscoelastic fluids play an important role in such dilute solutions
Pacitto, Grégory. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques à l'interface de ferrofluides en géométrie confinée." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077107.
Full textAlmarcha, Christophe Bernard Alphonse. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques du front d'ablation en fusion par confinement inertiel." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX11049.
Full textAn Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), hydrodynamic instabilities grow during the acceleration stage in the imploding of a target under an intense radiation. These instabilities, quite similar to Rayleigh-Taylor instability, disturb the spherical configuration necessary for ignition of nuclear reactions in the late compression stages. Understanding them requires the study of coupled hydrodynamic and thermal instabilities on a wide range of length scales, which make direct numerical simulations difficult to perform. Considering intermediate regimes of acceleration in the asymptotic limit of a large power index for thermal conduction, the model usually used in ICF reduces to a discontinuity (the ablation front) between two potential flows. This allows the use of precise numerical boundary integral methods. Simulations can be performed to highly non linear stages and show the appearence of a finite time singularity consisting in an explosion of both the velocity gradients and curvature
Jia, Pan. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques de rides d'un substrat érodable ou hautement déformable." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC245/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the experimental and theoretical investigations of four instabilitiesassociated with the emergence of regular patterns over erodible/flexible substrates, andrelated to hydrodynamics over a modulated relief.First, the instability of a flexible sheet clamped at both ends and submitted to a permanentwind is investigated. The flat sheet solution is unstable towards propagative waves, forstrong enough wind. We experimentally study the selection of frequency and wavenumberas a function of the wind velocity. These quantities obey simple scaling laws derived froma linear stability analysis of the problem. This phenomenon may be applied for energyharvesting.Second, an explanation is proposed for the giant ripples observed by spacecraft Rosettaat the surface of the comet 67P. We show that the outgassing flow across a porous surfacegranular layer and the strong pressure gradient associated with the day-night alternanceare responsible for thermal superficial winds. We show that these unexpected patterns areanalogous to ripples emerging on granular beds submitted to viscous shear flows. Linearstability analysis of the problem quantitatively predicts the emergence of bedforms at theobserved wavelength and their propagation. This description provides a reliable tool topredict the erosion and accretion processes controlling the evolution of small solar systembodies.Third, we propose a model for rhythmic, dune-like patterns observed on SputnikPlanum of Pluto. Their emergence and evolution are related to the differential condensation/sublimation of nitrogen ice. We show that the temperature and pressure in Pluto’satmosphere are almost homogeneous and steady, and that heat flux from the atmospheredue to convection and turbulent mixing is responsible for the emergence of these sublimationpatterns, in contrast to the penitentes instability due to solar radiation.Last, we report an analytical model for the aeolian ripple instability by considering theresonant grain trajectories over a modulated sand bed, taking the collective effect in thetransport layer into account. The model is tested against existing numerical simulationsthat match experimental observations
Brémond, Nicolas. "Stabilité et atomisation des nappes liquides." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX11011.
Full textCandelier, Julien. "Instabilités radiatives des jets et couches limites atmosphériques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX11044.
Full textComplex flows occur in the atmosphere and they can be source of internal gravity waves. We focus here on the sources associated with radiative and shear (or Kelvin-Helmholtz) instabilities. Stability studies of shear layers in a stably stratified fluid concern mainly cases where shear and stratification are aligned along the same direction. In these cases, Miles (1961) and Howard (1961) found a necessary condition for stability based on the Richardson number : Ri > 1/4. In this thesis, we show that this condition is not necessary when shear and stratification are not aligned : we demonstrate that a two-dimensional planar Bickley jet can be unstable for all Richardson numbers. Although the most unstable mode remains 2D, we show there exists an infinite family of 3D unstable modes exhibiting a radiative structure. A WKBJ theory is found to provide the main characteristics of these modes. We also study an inviscid and stratified boundary layer over an inclined wall with non- Boussinesq and compressible effects. We show that this flow is unstable as soon as the wall is not horizontal for all Froude numbers and that strongly stratified 3D perturbations behave exactly like compressible 2D perturbations. Applications of the results to the jet stream and the atmospheric boundary layer are proposed
Jarre, Sandrine. "Etude expérimentale des instabilités sur disque tournant." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX22066.
Full textPoumaere, Nelson. "Transport et Temps de résidence dans les écoulements ouverts, chaotiques ou perturbés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDL0057.
Full textThis work is concerned with the transport properties of open flows perturbed as a result of a hydrodynamic instability. Direct numerical simulation of stationary and pulsatile channel flows allows us to compute residence time distributions (RTD) corresponding to their perturbed states and thus to finely characterize their transport properties.In the first part of the study, and following the results of Raynal & Carrière (2015), in-line chaotic mixers are considered and statistical tools used throughout the whole thesis to measure RTDs’ widths are introduced. In particular, the use of the mean absolute deviation instead of the standard deviation is justified in the case of the heavy-tailed distributions at hand.The second part of this work deals with the plane Poiseuille flow in which finite-amplitude Tollmien–Schlichting waves are propagating. Comparison of RTDs for base and perturbed flows leads to the following two observations : first, a probability peak located at the “wave residence time” appears due to the advection of particles by the propagating vortices ; second, the mean flow correction leads to a decreased minimum residence time and thus to an increased width of the RTD.In the final part, the pulsatile channel flow in nonlinear instability regimes is considered. Depending on the frequency and the amplitude of the pulsation, the two resulting nonlinear regimes — cruising and ballistic (Pier & Schmid, 2017) — lead to drastically different chaotic behaviours. It is shown that the ballistic regime displays the best mixing capabilities, even though it is less energetic. By computing the RTDs corresponding to these two regimes and those of the basic Womersley profile, the ballistic regime is also identified as the one which leads to the least increased width of the RTD. In the framework of the present study, this regime is thus the closest to an ideal mixer : it combines efficient mixing and low RTD width at moderate energy cost
Sers, Florence. "Contribution à l'étude des instabilités dans les jets plans par simulation numérique." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT112H.
Full textNakahmi, Hayçam. "Etude instationnaire de la pression pariétale dans un écoulement cisaillé confiné à segmentation variable : mécanismes d'amplification." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2370.
Full textAbid-David, Chérifa. "La convection mixte dans un conduit horizontal : instabilités thermiques dans la transition "laminaire-turbulent"." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11007.
Full textLeroux, Jean-Baptiste. "Étude expérimentale en tunnel hydrodynamique des instabilités de la cavitation par poche sur hydrofoil par la mesure spatio-temporelle du champ de pression pariétal." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2110.
Full textLe sujet de la thèse porte sur l'étude des instabilités des poches de cavitation attachées. Il est à dominante expérimentale. Nous avons réalisé des essais en tunnel de cavitation sur un hydrofoil bidimensionnel partiellement cavitant, de l'apparition des poches jusqu'aux régimes instables de type cloud cavitation. Ces derniers sont caractérisés par le développement périodique d'un jet rentrant sous la poche, responsable du détachement de nuages de bulles très érosifs, convectés dans le sillage de la poche. Ces régimes de cavitation sont de plus source de bruit et d'excitation des structures. Des mesures de pression pariétale, des mesures de portance et de traînée, des mesures de fluctuations de pression dans le sillage, ainsi que des vidéos numériques ont été réalisées. Dans le cas des poches dites stables, l'analyse des résultats a révélé l'existence d'un pic d'intensité des fluctuations de pression en fermeture de poche. Il a pour origine des fluctuations spatiales de la fermeture, petites vis-à-vis de la longueur moyenne de poche, de type condensation - vaporisation, et responsables de l'émission de petits nuages de cavitation dans le sillage, mais sans jet rentrant. Par une analyse temporelle moyenne du champ de pression sous la poche et dans son sillage, nous mettons en évidence le développement d'une onde de pression du détachement vers la fermeture, qui précède l'émission des petits nuages. Selon nous cette onde de pression est la trace d'une vague à l'interface liquide - vapeur, et les fluctuations de la fermeture s'expliquent par un mécanisme type déferlement. Ces fluctuations sont associées à des pics de fréquences marqués, conduisant des nombres de Strouhal, basés sur la longueur moyenne des poches, proches de 0. 2 dans chaque cas. Nous montrons par une analyse quasi statique simple que ce nombre de Strouhal caractéristique résulte probablement d'un couplage poche - écoulement amont. Dans les cas de cloud cavitation, l'analyse des résultats a révélé deux dynamiques distinctes, 1 et 2 [. . . ]
Momayez, Ladan. "Intensification des transferts pariétaux par l'instabilité de Görtler : influence de la longueur d'onde et de l'amplitude des pertubations amont." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2084.
Full textForced convective heat transfer is experimentally studied in a boundary layer over a concave wall in the presence of Görtler vortices. The concave wall is kept constant heat flux condition. Examination of the effects of the wave number and amplitude of the upstream perturbations indicate that the smaller the wavelength the faster is transition to turbulence. In the same way larger perturbation amplitudes cause a faster transition of the boundary layer to turbulence. Görtler vortices intensify wall heat transfer only their non-linear stage which proceed transition to turbulence. We have proved that this intensification is around 250% over the heat transfer in a flat boundary layer. This augmentation is due to the modification of the velocity field caused by the Görtler vortices in their non-linear stage. Longitudinal velocity field in the concave boundary layer, at several streamwise station, was also measured by wire anemometry. These results corroborate the conclusions made on the effects of perturbations wavelength and amplitude on the heat transfer enhancement by Görtler vortices
Courville, Pascal]. "Modélisation des phénomènes instables, volumiques et interfaciaux, au cours d'une évaporation à pression réduite ou sous champ microonde." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS053.
Full textGoyeau, Benoît. "Modélisation et simulation numérique des instabilités hydrodynamiques lors d'un stockage en aquifère." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10617.
Full textEloy, Christophe. "Instabilité multipolaire de tourbillons." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22048.
Full textRigon, Gabriel. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques : Application à l'astrophysique de laboratoire et diagnostics X à haute résolution." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX020.
Full textDuring the 20th century, the development of high power laser enabled scientist to reach a regime known as High Energy Density (HED), where matter is carried under extreme conditions. This allow the development of a new discipline: the laboratory astrophysics. This discipline aims to reproduce, in the laboratory, conditions similar to those observed in astrophysics, for instance in planet or star interiors, during cataclysmic phenomena.This thesis corresponds to an experimental and numerical study of hydrodynamic instabilities, which can be found in such situations. These instabilities affect the evolution of astrophysical objects and hinder their observation. Here, we will focus on the Rayleigh-Taylor (RTI) and the Richtmyer-Meshkov (RMI) instabilities. The first one does arise when a high density fluid is lying above a low density one. The second can be seen as a special case of the first, where the force responsible for the motion of the instability is linked to a shock wave. In astrophysics, both instabilities can be found in supernovae remnants, which are composed of the matter ejected during the death (explosion) of massive stars. They can also be found in inertial confinement fusion, and are responsible of the failure of ignition.In this thesis, we will show the results of experiments on those instabilities carried on LULI2000 (Palaiseau, France), GEKKO XII (Osaka, Japan), and SACLA (Japan) facilities. Thanks to these experiments, we observed directly and reconstructed the evolution of the RTI from its linear phase, early in time, up to its turbulent phase, late in time. We proceeded to a parametric study of the RTI, where we varied classical parameters: the wavelength modulation, the density ratio (Atwood number). Therefore, this constitutes a complete experimental study of the RTI with hitherto unseen results. Especially our observation of the turbulence with an unprecedented resolution in this regime (HED).To complete this experimental study, simulations were performed using FLASH, a magneto-hydrodynamic code developed by the FLASH centre (University of Chicago). These simulations allowed us to design our experiments and to analyse and understand our results.Concurrently, we developed a new high resolution X-ray radiography diagnostic. This diagnostic is based on a LiF crystal used as a detector. We proceed to the characterisation of this diagnostic on the SOLEIL synchrotron (spectral response, change in resolution...). This allowed us to use this diagnostic as our main detector on a SACLA experiment, which results on a sub-micron spatial resolution and to a temporal resolution of 10 fs
Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale. "Instabilités et déferlement d'ondes internes de gravité." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10014.
Full textM'chirgui, Ali. "Etude expérimentale de l'hydrodynamique d'un lit fluidisé gaz-particules : analyse des instabilités et des mécanismes d'entraînementdes solides." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11016.
Full textLemoult, Grégoire. "Étude expérimentale de la transition vers la turbulence dans l’écoulement de Poiseuille plan." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066530.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the experimental study of the subcritical transition to turbulence in the plane Poiseuille flow. Experiments are carried out in a large aspect ratio hydrodynamic channel built during this work. We first show that the threshold for the onset of turbulence follows a power law with respect to the Reynolds number with an exponent equal to -1. We then study the genesis of a turbulent spot using time-resolved particle-image velocimetry and shows that its development is accompanied by a deformation of the flow at a large scale. We characterized the three-dimensional structure of this large-scale flow and show that this flow is the superposition of two dipoles, the first one centered on the leading edge of the spot and in the center of the channel, and the second dipole centered on the trailing edge and close to the walls. The three-dimensional velocity field inside a turbulent spot is reconstructed by means of a Taylor hypothesis and we observe travelling-wave-like structures similar to non-trivial invariant solutions of the Navier-Stokes equation computed using direct numerical simulation. Finally, we eventually compare our experimental data to a non-linear, reaction-diffusion-advection, low-order model in one dimension. We then extend this model to two dimensions and reproduce the main features of shear flow transition: spot lifetime, spot splitting time and appearance of large-scale banded patterns. Last, we propose a new experimental set-up equivalent to an "infinite" channel
Lagrange, Romain Georges. "Dynamique d'un fluide dans un cylindre en précession." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00447786.
Full textThis thesis deals with the theoretical and experimental study of the dynamics of a uid inside a precessing cylinder. It is a rotating ow problem which has many applications in aeronautics (precession of a ying object with a propellant liquid) and in geophysics (inuence of the Earth precession on the dynamics of the Earth liquid core). At moderate Reynolds numbers, the precessing ow is the sum of a solid body rotation and waves called Kelvin modes. These waves are resonant when their eigenfrequency equals the precessing frequency. In order to predict the amplitude of a resonant Kelvin mode, a viscous and weakly nonlinear theory has been carried out and conrmed experimentally. When the Reynolds number is increased, the base ow becomes unstable. PIV measurements have shown that this instability is due to an interaction between the Kelvin mode forced by precession and two free Kelvin modes. A linear analysis of stability based on a mechanism of triadic resonance between Kelvin modes predicts correctly the threshold and the growth rate of the instability. This instability is saturated by a geostrophic mode due to the nonlinear and viscous interaction of the free Kelvin modes with themselves. In agreement with experiments, a weakly nonlinear theory shows that the Kelvin modes amplitudes are stationary or oscillating (cycles of intermittency) depending on the Reynolds number. Finally, the xed point of the nonlinear equations (dynamical system with four degrees of freedom) predicts fairly well the mean ow inside the cylinder, even for very high Reynolds numbers (i. E. Re > 50000)
Milelli, Laura. "Modèle numérique de différenciation des planétésimaux et étude expérimentale de stabilité des continents." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077207.
Full textEarly core formation in the solar System is addressed using a three steps approach. First, a thermal evolution model of an accreting planetesimal is built to constrain the conditions needed for the iron phase to melt. Second, gravitational segregation of the iron phase in a silicate matrix is studied using a two-phase physics. Third, the coupled melting and segregation of the iron phase is reproduced with a three-phase model. The results are shown on a diagram which delimits homogeneous and differentiated regimes. For small bodies, the transition between the core and the feeding iron zone could be a source for pallasites. Continental lithosphere is chemically stable in regard to the underlying mantle but it could become unstable dut to cooling. The unstable regime is characterized experimentally. The results show that three non dimensional numbers control the regimes : the Rayleigh number, the buoyancy number and the aspect ratio. The radial pattern leads to propose an alternative explanation to the Cameroon volcanic line
Lartigue, Ghislain. "Simulation des grandes échelles et instabilités de combustion." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7299/1/lartigue.pdf.
Full textOuriemi, Malika Ouerda Sandrine. "Erosion, transport et instabilités d'un lit de particules dans un tube." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX11045.
Full textChacha, Mama. "Instabilites hydrodynamiques des jets en systemes liquide-fluide : analyse numerique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11020.
Full textAlloin, Eliott. "Etude numérique des instabilités hydrodynamiques dans le distributeur et l'avant-distributeur de turbines-pompes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALI025.
Full textFor improved grid stability and better integration of intermittent renewable energies, Pump Turbines (PT) in Pump Storage Plants (PSP) are used in pump mode further away than their design point. In pump mode, the hump zone limits the operating range at part load (high head). The numerical prediction of the PT performances of this part-load instability is still challenging. In this study, Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are used to improve the prediction of the tandem cascade hump. Simulations on a full PT geometry are done for several operating points. An Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) approach coupled with a Dynamic Mesh Adaptation (DMA) methodology is used to take into account the runner rotation. Moreover, a mesh convergence strategy is used to guarantee the accuracy of the mean field discretization, and to ensure the resolution of a sufficient part of the turbulent scales. Specific attention is paid to properly comparing simulations to experimental tests. Simulations results are in good agreement with experimental results obtained with platform tests made by General Electric Hydro Solutions. Part-load simulations predict (rotating or alternate) stalls in the tandem cascade. Moreover, it is shown that those stalls influence the flow in the runner where vortices, close to the trailing edges of the blades, are generated. This phenomenon generates losses and is responsible for the positive slope in the pump characteristic curve leading to unstable pump behavior. Scale Adaptative Simulations (SAS) are also used on the full PT geometry. The latter predict the same losses as LES except in the runner where they fail to predict the trailing edge vortices. Other LES simulations, on a simplified configuration, highlight parameters influencing tandem-cascade stalls. This study allows a new insight into part-load instability
Villain, Loïc. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques relativistes et processus Urca hors équilibre dans les étoiles à neutrons en rotation." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077196.
Full textDuru, Paul. "Lois constitutives et instabilités en fluidisation liquide-solide." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11029.
Full textPagani, Bruno. "Explosion asymétrique des supernovæ gravitationnelles." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS244.
Full textThe observational history of supernovæ dates back to several millennia, but it has been less than one hundred years since we know that some of them mark the death of massive stars. The gravitational collapse of the iron core at the centre of those stars can lead to the birth of a neutron star and the onset of one of those spectacular explosions, thus called core-collapse supernovæ. The mechanisms at work in the innermost part of the star during the first few hundred milliseconds after the initial collapse play a key role in the success or the failure of the explosion. In particular, multi-dimensional instabilities like the standing accretion shock instability (SASI) or the neutrino-driven convection are likely to increase efficiently the matter heating by neutrinos emitted from the proto-neutron star and yield highly asymmetric explosions.In this thesis, those phenomena are studied with the help of numerical simulations of a simplified two dimensional model. This allows for a vast exploration of the parameter space that would be unreachable for more realistic models.The boundary between explosion and collapse into a black hole is established in a three parameter space, namely the stellar rotation, the neutrino heating and the accretion rate —which relates to the progenitor mass. The critical surface so defined allows us to characterise the impact of multi-dimensional instabilities on the explosion threshold. The effects of rotation are important for models with a low accretion rate. These results allow us to reinterpret the seemingly contradictory results of more realistic models. The stochasticity of the results near the explosion threshold is highlighted. This effect is more pronounced for low rotation and accretion rates. The different paths to explosion observed in our simulations are described and illustrated with the analysis of a representative sample of models. The respective roles of the different instabilities and their signatures are discussed.The set of ∼600 simulations constitutes a database offering numerous perspectives for future analysis
Saiseau, Raphael. "Thermo-Hydrodynamique dans les systèmes critiques : instabilités, relaxation et évaporation." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0184.
Full textTo form a drop at the tip of a liquid column, a pinching process has to occur until it reaches the atomic scale at the final break-up, covering all length scales. Some recent experimental and theoretical results show that this common phenomenon is still poorly understood when the pinching reaches the thermal fluctuations length scales. Here, we try to deepen our understanding by using phase separated near-critical binary liquids as model of fluctuating liquids and interfaces and by looking at different relaxation dynamics of out of equilibrium situations: instability of a liquid column, interface relaxation and droplet evaporation. Hence, the study of these phenomena is performed using ultra-soft liquid interfaces and continuously varying hydrodynamic, thermodynamic and stochastic properties with the shift to the critical temperature. In a first step, the interface of these near-critical binary liquids is initially driven out of equilibrium using the radiation pressure of a laser wave in order to create in situ liquid columns and droplets. Dedicated tools for image analysis of near-critical fluctuating fluids were also developed. Then, we show that, contrary to the classical idea, liquid ligaments break-up triggered by Rayleigh-Plateau instability comes from modes superposition. This enables us, using Fourier analysis, to build the full dispersion relation for spontaneous break-up. Secondly, a preliminary work on drop spreading on solid surface established the existence of two dynamical regimes: one nonlinear relaxation mechanism to a spherical cap followed by an auto-similarity behavior of this spherical cap characteristic of Tanner’s spreading. A significant amount of evaporation was also observed in some spreading dynamics, calling for a work extension considering adapted models. A last study was performed on single droplet evaporation. It constitutes the first experimental work on conserved order parameter evaporation, furthermore for near-critical binary liquids. Against all odds, the measured evaporation and droplet rising dynamics seem completely unfit when using diffusion and gravity coupling descriptions. In particular, their behaviors are independent to the proximity to critical point. All these behaviors are verified over a large variation of distances to the critical point. As such, they seem to be universal within the criticality meaning. Eventually, the hydrodynamic behavior are verified when the thermodynamic one stay misunderstood. This raises questions on their coupling by means of thermal fluctuations. Nonetheless, thanks to the developed tools, we are now able to simultaneously get the macroscopic scale of the dynamics and the microscopic scale of interface fluctuations opening the way to more complete, multi-scale, analyses, in the fluctutations dominated case of the already observed phenomena
Dubrulle, Bérengère. "Instabilités, turbulence et transport dans les disques d'accrétion par méthodes asymptotiques : [thèse en partie soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30216.
Full textLaguerre, Raphaël Georges. "Approximation des équations de la MHD par une méthode hybride spectrale-éléments finis nodaux : application à l'effet dynamo." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077035.
Full textThe research objective of this work is to develop a new three dimensional code for the magnetohydrodynamic equations in any axisymmetric container. The numerical method is based on a fourier decomposition of the variables in the azimuthal direction and a finite element method in the meridian plane. The electro-magnetic properties of the material can be heterogeneous and the continuity of the magnetic field at the interface between conducting regions and insulating regions is imposed using an interior penalty galerkin method. The main interest of this work is to mode the so-called dynamo effect which is believed to be at the origin of the earth's magnetic field. After several validations of both hydrodynamic and| induction codes, different cases of experimental dynamo are modelled. We have studied the influence of several parameters like wall thickness or wall conductivity on the onset of dynamo action for the von karman experiment (cadarache) and the dynamo in a torus (perm device)
Boulanger, Nicolas. "Dynamique d'un tourbillon en milieu stratifié : instabilité centrifuge et effets de l'inclinaison." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX11058.
Full textTatulcenkovs, Andrejs. "Dynamique non-linéaire de la surface d'un liquide magnétique dans une cellule de Hele-Shaw." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077170.
Full textThe instabilities of the magnetic fluid free interface in a Hele-Shaw cell under the action of a uniform magnetic field and input of an external energy are studied. The nonlinear dynamics of a rising bubble in the vertical Hele-Shaw cell with magnetic fluid under the action of perpendicular field is considered. By linear stability analysis it is shown that the increments of the growth of the interface perturbation modes do not depend upon the gravitational force. This result is confirmed by numerical simulation of the bubble dynamics, which is based on the boundary integral equation technique. For the numerical solution of the bubble interface evolution equation the pseudospectral technique with small scale decomposition is used. By numerical simulation of the bubble dynamics the Hopf bifurcation to the oscillatory regime is found. It is shown as at larger values of the magnetic Bond number the dynamics of the bubbles becomes rather complicated. The free surface instability of magnetic fluid in the Hele-Shaw with time dependent gap is theoretically and numerically studied. Numerical results illustrate the role of magnetic forces in the instability - they diminish the selected wavelength of the interface perturbation, lead to more pronounced tip splitting events, and select the mode by which the droplet restores the circular shape at large thickness of the gap, when the role of the capillary forces is larger. The behavior of magnetic fluid ring in Hele-Shaw cell with magnetic field is analyzed, both theoretically and numerically. A new stabilizing effect of the thin strip by the magnetic interaction is found. It is also shown that magnetic field stabilizes the magnetic fluid ring and does not allow to break into discrete droplets
Mariani, Christian Jules Lucien. "Etude expérimentale d'instabilités d'interfaces induites par une onde de choc au moyen d'un dispositif de visualisation par coupe plane laser." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX11072.
Full textKhenner, Mikhail. "Stabilite des ecoulements vibratoires dans une couche liquide continument stratifiee, et dans un systeme de deux couches immiscibles et de densites differentes." Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX22073.
Full textErrafiy, Mustapha. "Transition vers le chaos dans le problème de Bénard profond." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10158.
Full textLeblanc, Stéphane. "Instabilités tridimensionnelles dans un fluide en rotation." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1997. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1724_sleblanc.pdf.
Full textA detailed investigation of the effects of the Coriolis force on the tridimensional linear instatabilities of a steady plan fliox is proposed. Fir basic states with simple topology (circular or elliptical vorcities, shear or hyperbolic flows), the sufficient conditions for instability existing in the literature may be expressed solely. These mechanisms allow to apprehend the stabilizing or destabilizing effects of the Coriolis force. For the basic with more complex topology, such as flows with non-parallel streamlines and vertical region, there was some confusion. However, by using the “geometrical optics” stability theory developed by Lifschitz & Hameriri (1991), the stability of any flow may be easily studied. This WKB method allows to reduce the linear problem to a system of ordinary differential equations evolving along the trajectories of the basic states. When this latter exhibists stagnation points, classical results of the “rapid distorsion thery” RDT). The Stuart vortices (1967) are the guide line of the present work. This exact two-dimensional solution of the Euler equations mimics a row of Kelvin-Helmholtz rolls with elliptical cores, separated by hyperbolic regions. A stability analysis based on non-parallel versions of the Orr-Sommerfeld Hyperbolic and elliptical instabilities compete and the effects of the Coriolis force may be summarized by : strong anticyclones are unstable
Igonin, Maksim. "Instabilités hydrodynamiques des liquides magnétiques miscibles et non miscibles dans une cellule de Hele-Shaw." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007716.
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