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Journal articles on the topic 'Institutional alternatives'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Aceto, Thomas D., William A. Bryan, and Robert B. Young. "Institutional alternatives for expanding professional education." New Directions for Student Services 1987, no. 37 (1987): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ss.37119873707.

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2

Ziegler, Joseph A. "Financing The Nations Water Resources: State Options." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 1, no. 1 (November 2, 2011): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v1i1.6599.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze alternative institutional arrangements and financing alternatives for water projects. The specific objectives are to identify existing institutional arrangements and financing alternatives for water projects and evaluate them with respect to efficiency and equity.

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3

Gimbatova, Madina B., and E. М. Zagirova. "Traditional Family Development Institutional Alternatives in Dagestan." Izvestia of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Sociology. Politology 19, no. 1 (2019): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1818-9601-2019-19-1-23-31.

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4

Arella, Lorinda R. "Multiservice adolescent programs: Seeking institutional partnership alternatives." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 22, no. 3 (June 1993): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01537793.

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5

Michel, Sophie. "Collaborative institutional work to generate alternative food systems." Organization 27, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 314–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508419883385.

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Recently, there has been a proliferation of alternatives to the global food system. Yet, there is still an ongoing debate on their potential to transform the food system and challenge its globalization. This research introduces institutional analysis to the food system literature in order to comprehend actors’ efforts to scale up alternatives and transform the food system at the local level. Such efforts are explored from an inductive research of the organization called M-Local Food Project, which gathers a range of diverse actors to work on expanding alternative food and transforming the food system in eastern France. Based on this organization’s analysis and its collaborative institutional work, this research highlights how to organize collective agency from the collaboration of multiple actors to co-build an alternative food system and extends the debate on alternative food potential to challenge the dominant global food system. It also provides an emerging model of collaborative institutional work that enriches the institutional analysis on the coalition for institutional changes and offers practical advice on tensions for alternative organizations that cannot be overcome.

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6

Volchik, Vyacheslav, Maksim Koryttsev, and Elena Maslyukova. "Alternatives to managerialism in higher education and science." Upravlenets 11, no. 6 (January 12, 2021): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2218-5003-2020-11-6-4.

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Commitment to efficiency amid the implementation of competition principles and the market-oriented approach stimulates the emergence of contradictory tendencies such as commoditization and bureaucratization of higher education and science. The paper explores the dissemination of ideas of managerialism and related institutional traps in academic environment. Methodologically, the study rests on original institutional economics and the theory of reforms for analyzing institutional traps in the education and academic sphere. The authors apply qualitative methods and focus group research to identify possible alternatives to managerialism. Using data from three focus groups, we analyze institutional traps in education and science and the mechanisms for eliminating them through identification of opinions, values and experience of respondents (actors). The study underlines that there is a need for considering principles, models and regulation mechanisms in education and science alternative to managerialism. They are being formed either in the context of rules, routines, norms and management technologies emerging as a result of evolution and actors’ adaptation to the changing environment, or as processes deliberately planned and developed within academic self-government and self-organization and/or as a result of state policy. The research develops alternative management mechanisms in the field of education and science with reference to the identified institutional traps and actors that can act as bearers of these alternatives in academic community.

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7

Jaitly, Ashok. "Governance of water: institutional alternatives and political economy." Journal of Resources, Energy and Development 5, no. 2 (2008): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/red-120054.

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Maiangwa, M. G., S. A. Rahman, R. A. Omolehin, and D. O. A. Phillip. "A Review of Institutional Alternatives to Collateralized Lending." African Development Review 16, no. 3 (December 2004): 472–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1017-6772.2004.00101.x.

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9

Parkey, Jeffrey R. "Assessing Institutional Alternatives for Future Northwest Passage Governance." American Review of Canadian Studies 42, no. 2 (June 2012): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02722011.2012.679148.

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10

Kim, Moonhawk, and Scott Wolford. "Choosing anarchy: institutional alternatives and the global order." International Theory 6, no. 1 (March 2014): 28–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752971913000304.

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The international system may be anarchic, but anarchy is neither fixed nor inevitable. We analyze collective choices between anarchy, a system of inefficient self-enforcement, and external enforcement, where punishment is delegated to a third party at some upfront cost. In equilibrium, external enforcement (establishing governments) prevails when interaction density is high, the costs of integration are low, and violations are difficult to predict, but anarchy (drawing borders) prevails when at least one of these conditions fail. We explore the implications of this theory for the causal role of anarchy in international relations theory, the integration and disintegration of political units, and the limits and possibilities of cooperation through international institutions.

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11

Okun, Morris Alan, Brian Goegan, and Natasha Mitric. "Quality of alternatives, institutional preference, and institutional commitment among first‐year college students." Educational Psychology 29, no. 4 (July 2009): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01443410902957079.

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12

Alschner, Wolfgang. "The Global Laboratory of Investment Law Reform Alternatives." AJIL Unbound 112 (2018): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2018.68.

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There are two ways of thinking about institutional choice in the context of multilateral investment law reform. One starts from abstract principles, asking what policy goal investment law is supposed to achieve and what institutional choice most effectively advances that goal. The other draws on practical experimentation, asking what institutional choices states are making and how these choices perform in real life. Sergio Puig and Gregory Shaffer present a compelling analytical framework for the former, top-down approach to investment law reform. In this essay, I will scrutinize their analysis and argue that the latter, bottom-up approach is more promising.

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13

Sauvée, L. "Hybrid governance: sketching discrete alternatives." Journal on Chain and Network Science 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2013.x230.

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Complex organisational forms are built through - at least to some extent - interorganisational strategies. To analyse the institutional logic of these forms, the concept of hybrid governance is proposed. This concept is a way to link their structural characteristics with their strategic content. To do so, the suggestion is to consider hybrid governance as an institutional combination of an authority structure and of a coordination architecture in presence of pooled strategic assets. The role of hybrid governance will then be to maximise joint value and minimise organisation costs. Such a perspective helps in the understanding of the very nature of complex organisational forms, of their diversity and of their uniqueness, which can be seen as an optimisation of strategy/structure interplay. From this, it is suggested that the research on hybrid governance is a major theoretical contribution to the chain and network science.

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14

Bello Hutt, Donald. "Deliberative, Republican, and Egalitarian Institutional Alternatives for Popular Constitutionalism." Revista Derecho del Estado, no. 48 (December 7, 2020): 183–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.18601/01229893.n48.07.

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Este artículo examina y propone alternativas institucionales para el constitucionalismo popular. La propuesta es una combinación progresiva de instituciones que buscan dotar a la ciudadanía con el poder final para determinar qué significa una constitución, contribuyendo a asegurar su libertad republicana, implementando mecanismos de deliberación, al tiempo que es respetuoso de una forma particular de comprender la igualdad política. El artículo comienza con una descripción del constitucionalismo popular y de los principios que considero que deberían fundamentar la teoría. Luego, procede a examinar críticamente diversas propuestas institucionales presentes en la literatura. Después de mostrar las áreas en las que dichas propuestas se quedan cortas en el esfuerzo de encarnar los principios aquí defendidos, el artículo aboga por la implementación de cuatro mecanismos que, según sostendré, sí se acercan más a dichos objetivos.

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15

Shastitko, A. "Discontinuous Institutional Alternatives in the Context of Economy Deregulation." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 12 (December 20, 2004): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2004-12-94-110.

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Various ways of state participation in the mechanisms of transaction management are considered in the article. Differences between compensation and elimination of the market failures are identified. Opportunities and risks of non-regulatory alternatives usage as a mean of market failure compensation are described. Based on classification of goods correlated to relative cost of their useful characteristics evaluation (search, experience, merit) questions of institutional alternatives in three areas (political, financial and commodity) are examined.

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Shanaghan, Peter E., and Janice A. Beecher. "Institutional Alternatives for Small Systems in the 21st Century." Journal - American Water Works Association 94, no. 4 (April 2002): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2002.tb09449.x.

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17

Forsyth, Ann. "Urban Centres in Universities: Institutional Alternatives for Urban Design." Journal of Urban Design 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13574800500490315.

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18

Kapoguzov, Evgeny A. "Discrete Institutional Alternatives of Public Administration Reforms in Countries with Developed and Developing Institutional Environment." Journal of Institutional Studies 8, no. 3 (2016): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2016.8.3.102-115.

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19

Geraldes de Matos, Maria Heliodora Vieira, and Carolina Feliciana de Sá Cunha Machado. "Institutional Leaderships." International Journal of Applied Management Sciences and Engineering 1, no. 1 (January 2014): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamse.2014010105.

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Leadership is a core foundation for banking organizations necessary to operate in today's environment. It is important to see how leaders perceive themselves as agents of success, both for the organization and its goals, as well as for the employees that work under their supervision. This paper intends to address these issues. This study was conducted through Crédito Agricola (CA) branches in Portugal and Azores, using online questionnaires. Data were collected from 85 leaders with different positions within the bank. Leaders generally perceive themselves as objective and impartial, capable of knowing the employees areas of personal and professional interest. Leaders are interested in developing their subordinates' capabilities, through on the job training and other skill enhancement alternatives. Data show that leaders prefer making decisions with participation of other team members and not alone. Data were collected through nonprobability sampling (quota sampling and purposive sampling). Relations between leaders and subordinates are analysed, and the paper addresses the leaders' personal views regarding their role in the decision process that affects their teams as well as the organization as a whole.

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20

Kurdin, Alexander A. "Institutional continuum in the context of the pandemic." Population and Economics 4, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e53299.

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The article considers institutional responses to the challenges created by COVID-19 pandemic. The comparison of discrete structural alternatives is one of the most important principles of institutional analysis. It means that policymakers and researchers rely on a countable set of legal options in the course of comparison of different institutions designed to solve one or another problem. COVID-19 pandemic provoked the elaboration of “intermediate” normative solutions, thus changing the legal framework and leading to the formation of the short-term “institutional continuum” instead of the established spectrum of alternatives.

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21

Teixeira, Maisa Gomide, and Karina De Déa Roglio. "Institutional Logics Dynamics in a Brazilian Cooperative: Alternatives to Capitalism?" Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (January 2013): 15346. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.15346abstract.

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22

Puig, Sergio, and Gregory Shaffer. "Imperfect Alternatives: Institutional Choice and the Reform of Investment Law." American Journal of International Law 112, no. 3 (July 2018): 361–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2018.70.

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AbstractThis Article applies the theory of comparative institutional analysis to evaluate the trade-offs associated with alternative mechanisms for resolving investment disputes. We assess the trade-offs in light of the principle of accountability under the rule of law, which underpins the goals of fairness, efficiency, and peace that are attributed to investment law. The Article makes two recommendations: first, reforms should address complementarity between domestic and international institutions; second, institutional choices should respond to the different contexts that states face.

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23

Young, Robert A., Hubert J. Morel‐Seytoux, and John T. Daubert. "Evaluating Institutional Alternatives for Managing an Interrelated Stream‐Aquifer System." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 68, no. 4 (November 1986): 787–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1242125.

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24

Rizvi, Firdaus Fatima. "Ground water Management in India: Physical, Institutional and Policy Alternatives." Social Change 38, no. 2 (June 2008): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004908570803800212.

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25

Peschard, Jacqueline, and Leonardo Valdés. "Institutional Alternatives to Democracy in Latin America: A Sociological Perspective." Current Sociology 45, no. 1 (January 1997): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001139297045001004.

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26

Meyer, Carrie A. "NGOs and Environmental Public Goods: Institutional Alternatives to Property Rights." Development and Change 27, no. 3 (July 1996): 453–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.1996.tb00599.x.

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27

Chon,Chyun-Woon. "A Study on Institutional Alternatives for Prevention against Internet-Addiction." Korean Comparative Government Review 13, no. 2 (December 2009): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18397/kcgr.2009.13.2.303.

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28

Sánchez-Cuenca, Ignacio. "Institutional commitments and democracy." European Journal of Sociology 39, no. 1 (May 1998): 78–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975600007803.

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Democracy, even if it is a system of self-government, rests on institutional commitments. An institutional commitment is a manipulation through rules of one's set of alternatives. I analyze the nature of institutional commitments in general and the role they play in a democracy. After drawing a distinction between committing to a rule and being committed by what a role establishes, three conclusions emerge: a) that representation is a functional commitment, b) that constitutions are commitments to rules, and c) that judicial review is not a commitment, but makes credible the commitments embodied in representation and constitutions.

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29

Shulga, Ivan, Alexandr Eliseev, and Tatyana Kuznetsova. "Institutional Alternative in Ensuring Quality and Specific Performance." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2014, no. 4 (August 31, 2014): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201441.

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The paper provides analysis of means of individualization (trademarks) as an institutional alternative to ensure quality of market goods and to enforce specific contractual performance of sellers and buyers. In general, the price mechanism as described in the perfect competition paradigm fails to ensure efficient market exchange of sophisticated goods and supplementary institutions such as a reputational mechanism are often required. Means of individualization as part of the reputational mechanism contribute to increasing efficiency of the market exchange by ensuring quality of market goods and, in broader context, by enforcing specific performance within the market contracts. The paper provides analysis of advantages and disadvantages of the means of individualization as compared with its institutional alternatives - “pure” market institutions, and centralized regulation of quality/contract performance.

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30

Anderson, Liam. "Ethnofederalism: The Worst Form of Institutional Arrangement…?" International Security 39, no. 1 (July 2014): 165–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00164.

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Scholars are divided on the merits of ethnofederalism as an institutional approach to the management of ethnically divided societies. For some, ethnofederalism is a potentially workable compromise between the demands for independence of territorially concentrated ethnic groups and the desire of a common state to preserve its territorial integrity; for critics, it is a short-cut to secession and ultimate state collapse. The argument of critics is theoretically plausible, but an examination of the universe of post-1945 states with ethnofederal arrangements, both failures and successes, shows that ethnofederalism has succeeded more often than it has failed. Within this universe of cases, moreover, ethnofederalism has demonstrably outperformed institutional alternatives, and where ethnofederal systems have failed, they have failed where no institutional alternatives could plausibly have succeeded. The increasing enthusiasm among policymakers and practitioners for prescribing federal solutions to ethnic problems is both understandable and defensible in light of these findings.

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31

Clopton, Zachary D. "The Global Class Action and Its Alternatives." Theoretical Inquiries in Law 19, no. 1 (February 13, 2018): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/til-2018-0005.

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Abstract The “American-style” class action, when combined with private rights, is an important tool of American regulatory policy. And just as American regulation has global reach, the global class action is not unfamiliar to U.S. courts. Yet, global U.S. class actions are facing ever-stronger headwinds. In addition to the recent retrenchment of class actions and international litigation generally, U.S. courts have raised additional barriers to global class actions in particular. This Article’s first goal, therefore, is to document these developments and their consequences for regulation. Against this backdrop, this Article also reviews the options available to foreign lawmakers, foreign courts, foreign litigants and litigation funders, and foreign public enforcers. Foreign lawmakers may provide alternatives to global U.S. class actions; foreign courts and foreign litigants may explicitly or implicitly coordinate to approximate global class resolution; and foreign public enforcers may achieve the goals of global regulatory litigation while avoiding some of its legal impediments. Finally, this Article evaluates these various foreign responses from an institutional perspective, with special attention to the institutional incentives for lawmakers and law enforcers.

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32

Blanchard, Sadie. "The Limitations of Comparative Institutional Analysis." AJIL Unbound 112 (2018): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2018.67.

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Atul Gawande's Checklist Manifesto became a sensation in 2009 because it promised that a simple technique could powerfully discipline decision-making. Gawande had saved lives using hospital checklists, and he argued that checklists could improve outcomes in other complicated endeavors. Checklists, he explained, “provide a kind of cognitive net. They catch mental flaws.” Neil Komesar's method of comparative institutional analysis is by necessity messier than the checklist and does not claim to produce faultless policy-making. But Komesar similarly seeks to improve cognitive processing by imposing a disciplining framework on decision-making. Sergio Puig and Gregory Shaffer's effort to introduce Komesar's technique to the debate about foreign investment law reform is welcome. Their emphasis on tradeoffs among institutional alternatives helps us to appreciate the different contexts facing different nation states, the value of regime competition, and consequently, the importance of implementing reforms in ways that preserve a variety of options for states. If they persuade commentators and policy-makers to take stock of the tradeoffs among institutional alternatives, Puig and Shaffer will have made a meaningful contribution. Still, their analysis illustrates some of the weaknesses of comparative institutional analysis. In this essay, I identify those weaknesses and suggest that they also weigh in pluralism's favor.

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33

Crouch, Colin, and Henry Farrell. "Breaking the Path of Institutional Development? Alternatives to the New Determinism." Rationality and Society 16, no. 1 (February 2004): 5–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043463104039874.

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34

Bernhardt, R. "Educational Alternatives for Rural Alaska." Aboriginal Child at School 13, no. 3 (July 1985): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s031058220001381x.

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In the recent years, major economic developments have occurred in rural Alaska that have permanently changed the social, political and institutional landscape. The 150 Eskimo, Indian and Aleut communities have borne the brunt of these changes. Few have had available to them the indigenous human resources, the technical skills and educational preparation necessary to assume full control over these forces. In 1980 the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, in cooperation with several native organisations, successfully approached the Bernard van Leer Foundation with a proposal to assist Alaska Native communities in developing their own capacity to shape their future. This is the story of how the ‘Van Leer Project’ has attempted to respond to those developments.

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35

Thompson, Dennis F. "Theories of Institutional Corruption." Annual Review of Political Science 21, no. 1 (May 11, 2018): 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-120117-110316.

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Normative theorists of corruption have developed an institutional conception that is distinct from both the individualist approaches focused on quid pro quo exchanges and other institutional approaches found in the literature on developing societies. These theorists emphasize the close connection between patterns of corruption and the legitimate functions of institutions. The corruption benefits the institution while undermining it. Reforms therefore should be directed toward finding alternatives for the functions the corruption serves. Also, institutional corruption does not require that its perpetrators have corrupt motives, and it is not limited to political institutions. This review examines four leading theories and discusses criticisms of their approach. A tripartite framework for analyzing the elements of institutional corruption is proposed. Although the theories are useful for distinguishing institutional corruption from the more familiar forms of individual corruption, they could be enriched by giving greater attention to the work on individual corruption in its structural forms in developing societies.

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36

BEBBINGTON, ANTHONY J. "Reinventing NGOs and Rethinking Alternatives in the Andes." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 554, no. 1 (November 1997): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716297554001008.

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Many Latin American nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) emerged as part of a movement committed to the idea of an alternative development that would differ from the dominant exclusionary, top-down, and often repressive forms of development. Yet today, after two or three decades of work in rural development, NGO activities appear to have had relatively little impact on dominant conceptions of development. Indeed, in the current economic and policy context, many of their alternatives appear impractical or simply obsolescent, challenging them to rethink their ideas of viable forms of alternative development, and their roles in development. In addition, their own institutional crises require them to rethink the way in which they relate to other actors and the ways in which they finance themselves. This article considers how conceptions of alternative development might be refashioned and how NGOs are beginning to reinvent themselves in order to carry forward new notions of development alternatives. It closes with a discussion of the implications for foreign aid.

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37

Roberts, Anthea. "Incremental, Systemic, and Paradigmatic Reform of Investor-State Arbitration." American Journal of International Law 112, no. 3 (July 2018): 410–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2018.69.

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InImperfect Alternatives: Institutional Choice and the Reform of Investment Law, Sergio Puig and Gregory Shaffer introduce comparative institutional analysis to evaluate alternative processes for resolving investment disputes. The impetus for this article is clear: many states view investor-state arbitration as akin to a horse that has bolted from the barn. Wishing to close the stable door, a wide range of states are considering the merits of various reform proposals. Puig and Shaffer's comprehensive and balanced framework for assessing the tradeoffs involved in making different choices is thus a welcome and timely intervention in these (often highly polarized) debates.

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MORDESON, JOHN N., LANCE NIELSEN, and TERRY D. CLARK. "SINGLE PEAKED FUZZY PREFERENCES IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS: DOES BLACK'S MEDIAN VOTER THEOREM HOLD?" New Mathematics and Natural Computation 06, no. 01 (March 2010): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793005710001566.

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Black's Median Voter Theorem is among the more useful mathematical tools available to political scientists for predicting choices of political actors based on their preferences over a finite set of alternatives within an institutional or constitutional setting. If the alternatives can be placed on a single-dimensional continuum such that the preferences of all players descend monotonically from their ideal point, then the outcome will be the alternative at the median position. We demonstrate that the Median Voter Theorem holds for fuzzy preferences. Our approach considers the degree to which players prefer options in binary relations.

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39

Joshi, Mayur Prataprai, Nuruddin Ahmed, and Jean-philippe Vergne. "Digital Alternatives as Providers of Institutional Trust: Evidence from a Natural Experiment." Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, no. 1 (August 2018): 16796. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.16796abstract.

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40

Clark, David E. "Comparing Institutional Trauma Survival to a Standard: Current Limitations and Suggested Alternatives." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 47, SUPPLEMENT (September 1999): S92—S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199909001-00021.

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41

Tambovtsev, Vitaly L. "Institutionalisms in Economics: What are Behinds Their Variety?" Journal of Institutional Studies 13, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 020–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.1.020-036.

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The institutional approach in economic science arose, as is known, more than a century ago and is now called "the original institutional economics." In the middle of the last century, an alternative version of this approach emerged, called the "new institutional economics". Over the past forty years, in the institutional approach, it has been declared the creation of a significant number of new economic institutionalisms, such as cognitive, critical, monetary, “incomplete”, “new new”, generic, post-institutionalism, post-Keynesian, and legal institutionalisms. This article is devoted to the analysis of the main provisions of the listed above institutionalisms in economics, in order to answer the question whether they are alternatives to the previously created original and new institutional economics, or whether they clarify some details in these basic institutionalisms. The study showed that the most developed part of the institutionalisms that have arisen in recent decades expands the fields and methods of research within either the original institutionalism or the new institutional economics, without suggesting the grounds that would go beyond the foundations of the named "basic" institutionalisms. Based on this, the article concludes that the growth in the number of institutionalisms indicates the development of "basic" institutionalisms, and not that they have exhausted the research opportunities inherent in them.

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42

Høgedahl, Laust, and Kristian Kongshøj. "New trajectories of unionization in the Nordic Ghent countries: Changing labour market and welfare institutions." European Journal of Industrial Relations 23, no. 4 (February 6, 2017): 365–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680116687666.

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Unemployment insurance funds (the ‘Ghent system’), subsidized by the state and controlled by the labour movement, have contributed to high trade union densities in the Nordic countries. However, dependence on these funds as a recruiting mechanism makes trade union membership sensitive to institutional changes to unemployment insurance benefits and the institutional set-up surrounding and regulating them. In this article, we investigate recent institutional changes in the three Nordic countries following the Ghent model, Finland, Sweden and Denmark, and analyse the consequences for union and fund membership. These countries have witnessed different combinations of two types of reform, less attractive unemployment benefits plus new institutional alternatives to the traditional union-run funds, and this has led to different outcomes in each country. Benefit retrenchment and increased contributions led to a sharp decline in fund membership in Sweden, whereas this trend is less pronounced in Finland and Denmark. Instead, the main trend here has been a shift from union-led to alternative forms of fund membership, but in different ways.

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43

Zhukova, Larysa. "ENSURING OF THE INSTITUTIONAL STATUS OF THE STATE UNDER GLOBAL CHALLENGES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-2-39-42.

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The purpose of the article is a study of the theoretical and methodological aspects of ensuring the institutional status of the state under global challenges. Methodology. The scientific search for changes in the institutional status of the state has been carried out on the basis of classical, neoclassical and institutional methodology. On the basis of classical methodology, general theoretical approaches to discovering alternative options for ensuring the institutional status of the state in the economy have been clarified using the tools of dialectical analysis and synthesis. Structural and functional method based on systemic analysis has made it possible to formulate the author's vision about the contradictory impact of global challenges on the institutional status of the state. Institutional and neoclassical approaches have made it possible to analyze the factors of manifestation of the contradictory nature of the state in the economy. The results of the study have shown that, to date, there is still no effective institutional system in place in Ukraine that would ensure optimal use of economic potential and could form the basis of public consensus on strategic goals of socio-economic development. All this negates the effectiveness of measures to identify alternatives to the development of the institutional status of the state and to find ways to preserve national identity under globalization. The practical implication is to identify the priorities and directions of the state's regulatory capacity under growing socio-institutional gaps to maintain macroeconomic stability and an effective system to counteract destructive exogenous influences clearly. When choosing possible alternatives, the desire for economic efficiency and social justice of the society, ensuring sustainable development, which does not worsen the conditions and opportunities for future generations, should remain the leading idea of strengthening the institutional status of the state. Value/originality. During the research, it has been proved that one of the priority tasks of the state should be a radical change of the vector of socio-economic development and carrying out of urgent institutional reforms. In view of this, the fundamental ambiguity of global development paths requires the state to tackle the challenge of preserving and strengthening national subjectivity as a key condition for Ukraine's security and sustainable development. Connecting the tools and resources of innovative development to the problem can contribute to the long-term strengthening of national competitiveness and the strengthening of the institutional status of the state. The reliability of the work of all public institutes, the extension of technological freedom of economic entities and the safety of the functioning of the whole socio-economic system depend on the key position of the economic power of the state.

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Auzan, A., and G. Satarov. "The Priorities of the Institutional Reforms in Economic Modernization." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 6 (June 20, 2012): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2012-6-65-73.

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The aspects of institutions influence on economic growth and the priorities of their development are studied in the article. Two complementary analytical techniques are suggested. The first one, based on the discrete institutional alternatives method, is aimed at the "institutional design" determination of the national consensus about the long-term development objectives. The second, based on the growth indicators correlation analysis, makes possible to find out the sequence of the institutional reforms in the mid-term period.

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Berg, S., L. G. Branch, A. E. Doyle, and G. Sundstrom. "Institutional and Home-Based Long-Term Care Alternatives: The 1965-1985 Swedish Experience." Gerontologist 28, no. 6 (December 1, 1988): 825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/28.6.825.

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Diehl, Paul F. "Institutional Alternatives to Traditional U.N. Peacekeeping: An Assessment of Regional and Multinational Options." Armed Forces & Society 19, no. 2 (January 1993): 209–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x9301900204.

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Reisenwitz, Timothy H. "Exploring Senior Living Alternatives to Institutional Care: Differences between Residents and Non-residents." Global Business Review 18, no. 3_suppl (April 30, 2017): S95—S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150917693153.

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The demand for senior living will continue to increase as America ages. There are various types of senior living facilities, but continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs), or life care communities, have become quite popular. They offer a wide selection of services for residents. This study focused on a particular CCRC and examined the differences between two groups: CCRC residents and non-residents, that is, those who considered CCRC residency but decided against it. First, a consumer profile was developed, detailing the characteristics of the typical CCRC resident. Then, various psychographic variables were analyzed to compare the two groups: cognitive age, advice from friends, family and salespeople, attitude towards the advertising, involvement and self-image or self-concept. T-tests revealed significant differences between groups regarding cognitive age, salespeople advice and self-image or self-concept. Implications for marketers are discussed and directions for future research are provided.

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Powers, Michael D. "Promoting Community-Based Services: Implications for Program Design, Implementation, and Public Policy." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 11, no. 4 (December 1986): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079698601100412.

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As persons with severe developmental disabilities are transferred from institutional environments to community-based programs for habilitation and residential care, a wide variety of service delivery needs and public policy issues must be confronted. In those jurisdictions where the courts have intervened and mandated alternatives to institutional living, the process of change and ensuing alternatives can be profoundly affected by appropriate legal intervention. The task of balancing professional, community, legal, ethical, and political needs in bringing alternatives into existence represents a formidable challenge to all involved. This article describes five community-based projects developed and maintained by the Georgetown University Child Development Center University Affiliated Facility providing services to children and adults with severe developmental disabilities and those at risk for handicapping conditions. Special emphasis is placed on training and public policy issues, the consultative process, and interdisciplinary service delivery models as they relate to the development of community-based programs.

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Fafurida, Fafurida. "Public-Private Partnership To Increase Economic Growth of Tourism Sector." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 18, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v18i1.2691.

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The performance of the tourism sector in Kedungsepur region increases significantly viewed from the indicators of the number of tourism objects, labors, tourists, income, and the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of the tourism sector, but the contribution of the tourism sector to the GRDP and the average of the tourists’ length of stay decreases. This shows that the performance of the tourism sector in Kedungsepur region decreases and the Public Private Partnership has not been optimallee implemented. Therefore, the researchers use the analysis of SWOT and AHP to find the strategy alternatives to increase the performance indicators of the tourism sector. The research result of the SWOT analysis shows that the development of tourism sector in Kedungsepur region is at the quadrant III, which supports the Turn Arround strategy by applyinga strategy formulated in the matrix of SWOT. And the research result based on the AHP analysis shows the priority based on the criteria of aspects and alternatives. The aspect of institutional and the Alternative strengthen the institutional internal relationship to be a priority in the development of tourism sector in Kedungsepur region.

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Shastitko, A. "On the methodology of institutional studies (To the 80th anniversary of Ronald Coase’s "Nature of the Firm")." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 8 (August 20, 2016): 96–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2016-8-96-119.

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The paper deals with the comparative analysis of discrete institutional alternatives operationalized by referring to institutional design on different levels of interaction between economic agents and their groups. Theoretical differences between an institutional set of economic exchanges and an institutional boundaryof exchanges has been accounted for, as well as the differences between compensating and eliminating the failures of institutional arrangements used to organize economic exchange. Three examples illustrating the proposed research approach are analyzed: contracting on large diameter pipes for PJSC "Gazprom" infrastructure projects; contracting in the area of commercial real estate renting with "currency component"; the choice of mechanisms of governance for companies on highly concentrated markets with significant double-sided switching cost.

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