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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Institutional impacts'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Kangoye, Thierry Somlawende. "Essays on the institutional impacts of aid in recipient countries." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF10375/document.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’impact des instabilités macroéconomiques sur les institutions dans les pays endéveloppement et au rôle joué par l’aide. Le rôle de l’histoire dans l’explication de ces impacts est aussiexaminé. La thèse se structure en quatre essais qui analysent l’impact des instabilités macroéconomiques, del’aide et de l’histoire sur les institutions essentiellement mesurées par des indices de démocratie et de corruption.Le premier chapitre résume la littérature sur les impacts de l’aide sur la qualité des institutions etanalyse les résultats controversés qui en ressortent. Le deuxième chapitre étudie l’impact de l’instabilitédes termes de l’échange sur la démocratie et le rôle que l’aide peut jouer dans ce contexte. Nous confirmonsl’hypothèse que l’aide peut bien avoir un impact positif sur la démocratie dans le long terme en atténuant leseffets néfastes de l’instabilité des termes de l’échange sur l’instabilité sur la croissance et ce, en rendant cettedernière plus stable. Le troisième chapitre s’intéresse à l’instabilité même de l’aide et aborde la questionde savoir si l’imprévisibilité des flux d’aide peuvent susciter ou aggraver la corruption et ainsi affaiblir lesinstitutions. Les résultats empiriques confirment cette hypothèse et montrent en plus que cet impact est plusimportant pour les pays ayant une faible qualité initiale des institutions. Le quatrième chapitre revienssur l’importance de ces conditions institutionnelles pré-Existantes pour expliquer les impacts institutionnelsde l’aide en introduisant le rôle de l’histoire et plus particulièrement le rôle des transferts institutionnels.Le chapitre conclut que la crise institutionnelle provoquée par l’échec de ces transferts explique en grandepartie les effets pervers perçus de l’aide sur la qualité des institutions
This thesis examines the impact of macroeconomic instabilities on institutions in developing countries andthe role played by aid. The thesis further invetigates the role of history in explaining those impacts. Thethesis consists of four essays analyzing the impacts of macroinstabilities, aid and history on institutions. Thefirst chapter provides a comprehensive literature survey on the institutional impacts of aid and sheds lighton the controversial findings evidenced. The second chapter focuses on the impact of trade instability oninstitutions and the role that aid can play in this context. We provide evidence that aid can have a positiverole in democracy building in the long term by dampening the adverse effects of terms-Of-Trade instabilityon growth and thereby by making it more stable. The third chapter examines the instability of aid flowand addresses the question of whether unpredictable aid flows can create or aggravate corruption among theelites, and thereby weaken institutions. The findings from the empirical analysis provide evidence that higheraid unpredictability is associated with more rent-Seeking and corruption, this impact being more severe forthe countries having weak initial institutions. The fourth chapter investigates the extent to which thosepre-Existing institutional conditions matters for explaining the impacts of aid on institutions, by introducingthe role of history and more particularly the role of institutional transplantations. The chapter provides supportivefindings to the hypothesis that the institutional crisis caused by the unreceptive transplants largelyaccounts for aid’s impacts on the quality of institutions
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2

Metin, Hulya. "Social And Institutional Impacts Of Mersin Regional Innovation Strategy: Stakeholders&#039." Thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611821/index.pdf.

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This study explores the Regional Innovation System (RIS) approach which is an efficient policy tool for the achievement of regional development in the global competition environment and aims to evaluate the social and institutional gains of Mersin RIS following the implementation of Mersin Regional Innovation Strategy (RIStr). An analysis of Mersin RIStr, which is the first and the only RIStr of Turkey, has been taken as a case study. Mersin RIStr, as being a project supported in the context of European Union 6. Framework program, aims to improve the regional innovation infrastructure and capacity of Mersin. RIS is not only technological but is also a social process and accordingly requires intense regional interaction networks. In this context, the impact of RIStr on the improvement of RIS in Mersin has been evaluated through the determinants of new institutional structures, improvements in lobor market conditions, newly occured cooperation networks and newly produced project-products-services-skills. Indepth interview method has been used for the survey. Interviews were carried out with the stakeholders of strategy project. Throughout the survey, gains of the region in general terms and gains of the specified leading sectors
i.e. tourism, logistic and agro-food, have been evaluated from the perspective of stakeholders. Social and institutional achievements of Mersin RIS have been evaluated in detail with the aim of presenting the effectiveness and weaknesses of strategy as being a new model case for the other regions in Turkey.
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Chen, Zhiyu (Zhiyu Jerry). "From negotiation to auction : Land-Conveyance Reform in China and its institutional and social impacts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42270.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-103).
The land market and the associated land-development-control mechanism in China have been experiencing a series of reforms since the 1990s, of which Land Conveyance Reform (LCR) in 2004 is a very recent and an important one. LCR-the formal procedure to transfer the land-use rights (LURs) from the government to other users-has been used together with land use planning as institutional tools to generate and distribute the revenues for both local municipal government and real estate developers. Meanwhile, a large-scale government-led deindustrialization has been going on sine 1995 in city of Beijing, where many State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) were relocated from downtown Beijing to suburbs or other cities. I studied the change of the LCR from the former negotiation approach to the current auction approach. I analyzed its institutional impact on the land-use planning decision-making process and its social impacts on the deindustrialization process, specifically, the economic and social condition of working staff of SOEs. I conducted an empirical study in Beijing to investigate both institutional and social impacts. The LCR has caused an institutional shift in the land-use planning process, from the former "developer-coordinated process" to the current "local government-coordinated process." However, that shift did not solve the social problems caused by deindustrialization and SOE privatization; instead, it just slows down the occurrence of the problems.
by Zhiyu (Jerry) Chen.
M.C.P.
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4

Jeong, So Won. "Impacts of Social Capital on Motivation, Institutional Environment, and Consumer Loyalty toward a Rural Retailer." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316504275.

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5

Saint-Macary, Camille [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeller. "Microeconomic impacts of institutional transformation in Vietnam's Northern uplands : empirical studies on social capital, land and credit institutions / Camille Saint-Macary. Betreuer: Manfred Zeller." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042992177/34.

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6

Haginour, Faisal. "The challenges of tax administration in Somaliland Ministry of Finance: a critical analysis of institutional perspective." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6802.

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Masters in Public Administration - MPA
This research focuses on the challenges of tax administration in Somaliland Ministry of Finance (MOF). The study analyses existing challenges in the MOF-Tax Administration, causes of these challenges, the impact of these challenges on domestic revenue collection as well as the country’s economic growth and development. In order to obtain a desirable, comprehensive, and in-depth understanding of the research problem, the researcher applied a mixed method approach, thereby limiting the weaknesses of using the quantitative or qualitative research approach alone. The sample size consisted of 63 staff members. The research included 57 questionnaires for 57 employees and lower level managers as well as 6 interviews for top and middle-level managers in Somaliland Inland Revenue Department. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), Ms. Excel, and conceptual analysis, where themes were developed and analyzed. The key findings of the research were that Somaliland tax administration faces immense challenges that can be broadly grouped into three categories: institutional challenges, attitudinal challenges as well as political and economic challenges. These challenges are mainly due to the absence of professional staff, the lack of taxpayers’ education, outdated tax laws, non-compliance behavior of taxpayers, rigidity of the tax system, and poor public trust amongst others. These challenges restrained tax revenue collection, public service provision, investments, and economic growth issues. Therefore, the recommendations, accordingly made in this thesis, include, amongst others, the need to establishing a professional training center for staff, automating tax procedure, implementing effective performance appraisal system, and the regular updating of tax policies to establish a transparent, accountable and equitable tax system in Somaliland.
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De, Aquino Sandra Cilce. "Water resource allocation in Canada (Manitoba) and Brazil (Ceara), legal and institutional impacts on Bulk Water Removal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62715.pdf.

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8

Oliveira, Bárbara Vital de Matos. "A Câmara Municipal de Juiz de Fora no período autoritário (1964-1985): impactos sobre a instituição e a dinâmica político-eleitoral." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3786.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A presente pesquisa tem como objeto de investigação o Poder Legislativo Municipal durante o período do regime autoritário de 1964-1985 no Brasil, tendo como caso de estudo a Câmara Municipal de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Assim, buscou-se analisar: o que ocorreu com a Câmara Municipal em questão após o golpe de 1964 e a consequente instituição de um novo regime, de caráter autoritário, e; quais foram as alterações institucionais sobre a ordem jurídica e política e sobre o sistema político-partidário e eleitoral. As dimensões de análise mobilizadas no estudo são as dimensões institucional, eleitoral e política, organizacional e de produção legislativa. A dissertação se desenvolve em três capítulos. O Capítulo I disserta sobre os primeiros impactos do golpe de 1964 e do novo regime inaugurado por este evento sobre a cidade e a Câmara Municipal de Juiz de Fora. O Capítulo II aborda as alterações na ordem jurídica e política no plano formal, investigando se tais alterações impactaram, e de que maneira, o Legislativo municipal na prática. O Capítulo III é dedicado à análise das eleições municipais para os cargos do Executivo e do Legislativo, bem como a competição e a dinâmica eleitorais e partidárias do município. Para tal exercício, foram utilizadas diferentes técnicas de pesquisa: (a) a análise documental, tendo como fontes o jornal local Diário Mercantil, as Atas das Sessões da Câmara Municipal de Juiz de Fora, os processos de produção legislativa, as leis federais do período, como os Atos Institucionais, a Constituição de 1967, a Emenda Constitucional nº 1, de 1969, entre outros; (b) a análise de dados, tais como dados eleitorais das eleições municipais que ocorreram entre 1962 e 1982, informados pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral e pelo periódico Diário Mercantil, e dados de produção legislativa disponibilizados pelo arquivo digital e o arquivo físico da Câmara Municipal de Juiz de Fora e; (c) a análise de discurso por meio de entrevistas realizadas com vereadores que exerceram mandato à época.
The present study has as investigation object the Municipal Legislature during the period of the authoritarian regime of 1964-1985 in Brazil, taking the Municipal Council of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, as a case study. Thus, it was sought to analyze: what happened to the Municipal Council in question after the 1964 coup and the consequent establishment of a new authoritarian regime of permanence; and what the institutional changes on the legal and political order and the political party and electoral system were. The analysis dimensions mobilised in the study are the institutional dimensions, electoral and political, organizational and legislative production. The dissertation develops in three chapters. Chapter I discourses on the early impacts of the 1964 coup and the new regime inaugurated by this event over the city and the Municipal Council of Juiz de Fora. Chapter II addresses the changes in law and policy in the formal level, investigating whether and how these changes impacted the Municipal Council in practice. Chapter III is devoted to analysis of municipal elections for the positions of the executive and legislative, as well as competition and the electoral and party dynamics of the municipality. For such practice, many different research techniques were used: (a) the documentary analysis, with the local newspaper sources Diário Mercantil, the Minutes of Proceedings of the Municipality of Juiz de Fora, the legislative production processes, federal law period as the Institutional Acts, the 1967 Constitution, the Constitutional Amendment No. 1, 1969, among others; (b) the analysis of data such as electoral data of the municipal elections that took place between 1962 and 1982, informed by the Superior Electoral Court and the periodic Mercantile Journal, legislative and production data provided by the digital file and the physical file of the Municipality of Juiz de Fora; and (c) discourse analysis through interviews with councilors who were in office at the time.
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9

Ren, Xu. "Trois essais sur les fonds souverains : les impacts des fonds souverains sur les marchés financiers mondiaux : la transparence, la réglementation et la performance." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100037.

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Cette thèse traite essentiellement de l'impact des fonds souverains sur les marchés financiers mondiaux en tenant compte, d’une part de la qualité de l'information véhiculée par les fonds souverains, et d’autre part des réactions des marchés financiers mondiaux suite aux annonces de transactions réalisées par les fonds souverains sur différentes périodes. Sur la base des investissements et désinvestissements des fonds souverains collectés de 2005 à 2015, cet impact est évalué sur différentes périodes (pré et post-crise), et ce selon trois niveaux de transparence déterminés, à savoir élevé, moyen et faible. Les résultats illustrent le fait que les réactions des marchés financiers liées aux transactions réalisées par les fonds souverains sont importantes et sont fonction du degré de transparence ainsi que de la période pendant laquelle sont effectuées ces dernières. En outre, les données corroborent le fait que les fonds souverains ne présentent aucun effet déstabilisant significatif sur les marchés financiers mondiaux
This thesis examines the impact of Sovereign Wealth Funds on global financial markets by analyzing the quality of information conveyed by Sovereign Wealth Funds and assessing the reactions of announcements of Sovereign Wealth Funds transactions to global financial markets from the different periods. Based on Sovereign Wealth Funds investments and divestments collected from 2005 to 2015, this impact is evaluated on different periods (pre-crisis and post-crisis), and levels of transparency (high, medium and low). The findings suggest that the magnitude of financial markets’ reactions of Sovereign Wealth Funds transaction significant relies on the degree of transparency and the period in which they make transactions. Consequently, this evidence supports to the result that Sovereign Wealth Funds have no significant destabilizing effect on the global financial markets
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Colavito, Luke A. Jr. "High Hill Yak Cheese Production in Nepal: An Analysis of Privatization Policy Incorporating the Impacts of Market Failures for Agro-Industries in Developing Countries." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30737.

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In recent years the development community has pressured LDCs to privatize agro- industries. This pressure stems from poor public enterprise performance and an ideological shift. However, public enterprises mitigate market failures. The major objective of this study is to measure the impact of privatizing the Nepalese yak cheese industry. To achieve the objective, public and private behavior are determined. The impacts of privatization stem from changes in monopsony behavior and institutional constraints that differ between the public and private sectors. The Dairy Development Corporation (DDC) of Nepal produces yak cheese. The DDC's mandate is to provide a "fair" price to consumers and producers. Private producers of cheese have emerged in recent years. Milk shed structures include: single DDC factories, single private factories, multiple private factories, and mixed production. Market performance is evaluated using partial equilibrium models that include the yak cheese and milk markets. Economic surplus measures are used for evaluation. Herder producer surplus is the most important criterion because herders are the poorest beneficiaries. The impact of privatization is determined through comparison of observed DDC and predicted private equilibria. Private equilibrium is predicted using a simultaneous equation system developed for this research. The equations ensure that supply and demand balance at the aggregate and individual milk shed levels. The Lerner index is incorporated to model monopsony behavior. Private monopsony parameters used in the system are estimated econometrically. A private equilibrium is also predicted with a modified firm cost structure reflecting reduced impacts of institutional constraints. Findings show that private and public firms are exercising monopsony power. DDC privatization can be advocated because it increases herder producer surplus by 15.4%. Total surplus falls slightly because private cheese is lower quality. DDC privatization decreases herder welfare in milk sheds that support only a single firm. The simultaneous equation system developed to predict the private market equilibrium for post agro-industry privatization has the potential to be extended to solve a broader range of economic problems. The equation system can be adapted to applications where there are multiple production regions and monopsony behavior varies by regional characteristics.
Ph. D.
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Machado, Vitor Cavaliere. "The impacts of disclosed fraud on firm value." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/19606.

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É de grande relevância, tanto no meio acadêmico como para a sociedade como um todo a questão da fraude, um problema recorrente que atinge empresas e governos em diversas partes do mundo. Muitos casos recentes chamam a atenção para este assunto, porém, um em especial, o esquema de corrupção envolvendo práticas ilegais, como pagamentos de propina dentro da Petrobras e outras empresas brasileiras, descoberto após a deflagração da “Operação Lava-Jato”, conduzida pela Polícia Federal e pelo Ministério Público. Após a descoberta desse esquema, muitos envolvidos foram presos, alguns já investigados e condenados pela justiça brasileira. Porém, além dos desdobramentos na esfera criminal de pessoa-física, as práticas de corrupção tiveram outros desdobramentos jurídicos e financeiros no âmbito empresarial, principalmente relacionados a ações judiciais propostas por acionistas da empresa que alegam ter sofrido perdas em seus investimentos. Nesse sentido, dadas as questões financeiras e legais enfrentadas pela Petrobras e demais empresas brasileiras, propomos, através desta pesquisa, determinar como a detecção da fraude impacta no valor das empresas. Para atingir o objetivo final desta pesquisa, usei a metodologia de estudo do evento, proposta por MacKinlay (1997). A amostra deste estudo incluiu as cinco empresas brasileiras listadas na “New York Securities Exchange” (NYSE), que estavam sujeitas a ações de classe nos EUA, até o final de 2016. Os resultados gerais dos testes suportam a hipótese de que a fraude, uma vez divulgada ao mercado, gera reações negativas nos preços das ações, em linha com a literatura existente sobre a influência da fraude no valor das empresas e com a Teoria da Eficiência de Mercado. Nesse sentido, este estudo é capaz de contribuir de maneira significativa para aprofundar a discussão acadêmica relacionada à fraude no Brasil e incentivar as empresas brasileiras de capital aberto a se preocuparem cada vez mais com suas práticas de conformidade e combate à corrupção e se prevenirem em relação aos seus possíveis riscos, desdobramentos e impactos jurídico-financeiros. Além disso, esta pesquisa serve de insumo, não apenas para a gestão de patrimônio dos investidores dos EUA, mas também como um incentivo para aumentar o poder de barganha dos investidores pessoa-física no Brasil
It is of great importance, either for academia or society as a whole, the issue of fraud, a recurring problem that affects companies and governments around the world. Many recent cases draw attention to this issue, but one in particular: the corruption scheme involving illegal practices such as bribery payments inside Petrobras and other Brazilian firms, discovered after the outbreak of the so-called "Operação Lava-Jato" and “Operação Zelotes”, conducted by the Brazilian Federal Police and Federal Public Prosecutor. After the scheme became public, over a hundred people were arrested and many already investigated and condemned by the Brazilian justice, including some of the firm’s former and current employees. In addition to the developments on individual employee´s criminal sphere, once detected, the abovementioned corrupt practices have caused other legal and financial impacts to the firms, mainly related to lawsuits filled by shareholders who claim to have suffered losses on their investments. In this sense, given the financial and legal issues faced by Petrobras and the other Brazilian firms, we propose through this research to determine how disclosed fraud could have an impact on the value of firms. In order to achieve its final goals, this research uses the event study methodology, proposed by MacKinlay (1997). Firm sample includes the five Brazilian firms listed in the New York Securities Exchange (NYSE), which were subject to securities class action lawsuits in the US, as of the end of 2016. Overall test results support the hypothesis that fraud, once disclosed to the market, provides negative stock price reactions, in line with the existing literature on the influence of fraud on firms’ valuation and the Market Efficiency Theory. In this sense, this study is able to provide significant contribution to deepen the academic discussion related to fraud in Brazil and encourage Brazilian firms to increase their concerns about anticorruption and compliance practices and prevent themselves in relation to eventual legal and financial impacts of fraud. In addition, this research contributes, not only to U.S investors wealth management, but also as an incentive to increase the bargain power of individual investors in Brazil
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ZOUAIN, DESIREE M. "Parques tecnologicos - propondo um modelo conceitual para regioes urbanas - o parque tecnologico de Sao Paulo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2003. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11034.

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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Pätsch, Carolin Verfasser], and Silke [Gutachter] [Weidner. "The capacity of institutional innovation following the diffusion of urban plans. Explorations of impacts of an urban master plan in Kigali, Rwanda. / Carolin Pätsch ; Gutachter: Silke Weidner." Cottbus : BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1150705515/34.

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Kentzingen, Raphael. "The Olympic Games of Rio de Janeiro : project : related events and their political, aesthetical, economic and technological impacts on the main project actors." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18284.

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This study is concerned on Rio 2016 megaproject management undertaken by theprincipal project actors: The International Olympic Committee (IOC), the OrganisingCommittee of the Olympic Games (OCOG) and the Brazilian Government. Firstly, anintroduction into megaprojects precedes the explanation of two intrinsically linkedconcepts, Complexity and Risk Management. Only after that fundamental portrayal twowidely adopted theories in Megaproject research will be reviewed, namely Stakeholdertheory and Institutional theory. In light of the literature and by means of a content analysisto local and international newspapers articles, the main project related events thatoccurred shortly before, during and after the Olympic Games were extracted andcategorized. In total, twelve project related events were identified. The broader projectmanagement picture related to those issue is supported by a brief description of Rio 2016´s project governance. Finally, the paper finishes with the appeal to widen up theacademic research on the complexity of the Olympic Games as there is a lackingexplanatory and evaluative capability of the aforementioned theories in assessing the mainconceptual undertakings of such a particular megaproject. After all, the unexpected issuesthat the abovementioned actors had to manage are best described by four impactingmegaproject dimensions: The political impact, the aesthetic impact, the economic impactand the technological impact.
Este estudo tem como foco a gestão do megaprojeto Rio 2016 realizada pelos principaisatores do projeto: o Comitê Olímpico Internacional, o Comitê Organizador dos JogosOlímpicos e o Governo Brasileiro. Em primeiro lugar, uma introdução em megaprojectosprecede a explicação de dois conceitos intrinsecamente ligados, Complexidade e Gestãode Risco. Somente após esse retrato fundamental, duas teorias extensamente adotadas napesquisa do megaprojeto serão revistas: Teoria do Stakeholder e Teoria Institucional.Segue, em luz da literatura e por meio de uma análise de conteúdo, uma coleta de artigosde jornais locais e internacionais sobre os principais eventos relacionados ao projeto,ocorridos pouco antes, durante e depois dos Jogos Olímpicos. No total, foramidentificados doze eventos relacionados ao projeto. O quadro mais amplo degerenciamento deste projeto é apoiado por uma breve descrição da governança do projetoRio 2016. Por fim, o trabalho conclui com o apelo de ampliar a pesquisa académica sobrea complexidade dos Jogos Olímpicos, pois há uma falta de capacidade explicativa parauma avaliação dos principais empreendimentos conceituais deste megaprojeto. Isto devidoao motivo de os eventos gerenciados pelos atores terem acabado por ser explicados porquatro dimensões do megaprojeto: O impacto político, o impacto estético, o impactoeconómico e o impacto tecnológico.
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15

Chan, Narith. "Institution et investissement : impact de l’environnement institutionnel sur l’entrée d’IDE au Cambodge." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO22005/document.

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Dans le cadre de la Nouvelle Economie Institutionnelle, Douglass C. North a développé une nouvelle approche théorique des institutions pour donner une nouvelle explication au développement économique. L’une des explications est celle du déterminant institutionnel des IDE. En prenant le Cambodge comme champ d’étude, cette thèse a pour objectif de participer à la vérification empirique de la relation entre institution et IDE, en montrant que l’environnement institutionnel relativement peu solide du Cambodge décourage les investisseurs. Actuellement, le Cambodge demeure une option pour les entreprises qui cherchent une localisation pour s’implanter, mais les risques associés à ces investissements liés à son encadrement légal et règlementaire perçus par les firmes étrangères restent parmi les inquiétudes. Les réformes institutionnelles n’ont alors pas seulement pour buts de rendre à la société un ordre public juste et des services publics appropriés et efficace, mais aussi de favoriser les investissements directs étrangers dont le rôle dans le développement est déjà confirmé
As part of the New Institutional Economics, Douglass C. North, has developed a theory of institutions as a new approach to the economic development study in which institutions play a key role. According to this theory, the presence of a strong institutional environment accelerates the development process; among the explanation, the determinant role of the institutional environment for FDI. Taking Cambodia as field of study, this dissertation tends to provide more evidence of this institution-FDI relation by showing that the relatively weak institutional environment in Cambodia discourage foreign investors. With its advantages, the kingdom is perceived by foreign firms as an attractive option for investment, but the investment risks resulting from the country’s legal and regulatory framework perceived by foreign firms, are among the concerns. Thus, the institutional reforms are not only used to give to society the public order, the adequate and effective public services with rule of law but also to promote foreign direct investments whose role in development has already confirmed
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16

Santos, Matheus Graciani dos. "O impacto da pressão institucional na inovação organizacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-15092017-150201/.

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A inovação organizacional, a implementação de novas práticas de gestão e organização do trabalho, é uma das principais fontes de vantagem competitiva para empresas. Pesquisas recentes destacam o papel do ambiente institucional e das pressões isomórficas para o comportamento das organizações, particularmente para a implementação de inovações. Compreender o que influencia a implementação desse tipo de inovação nas organizações passa, portanto, por compreender como as pressões institucionais impactam a inovação organizacional. A presente pesquisa tem por questionamento central como pressões institucionais miméticas, normativas e coercitivas influenciam a adoção de inovações organizacionais. A cooperação entre organizações foi utilizada para medir os diferentes tipos de pressão institucional. A pressão mimética foi medida através da cooperação com concorrentes; a pressão normativa através da cooperação com empresas de consultoria e com universidades. A pressão coercitiva através da cooperação com certificadoras. Para responder a esse questionamento de foi adotada uma abordagem quantitativa, baseada em dados empíricos secundários provenientes da Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica (Pintec) conduzida pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Esses dados são referentes a 38 setores da economia brasileira, captados em três pesquisas distintas realizadas em 2008, 2011 e 2014. A técnica estatística utilizada foi a análise de dados em painel, adequada para bases de dado com características tanto transversais quanto longitudinais. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que pressões institucionais normativas provenientes de empresas de consultoria e pressões institucionais coercitivas influenciam positivamente a adoção de inovações organizacionais. Pressões institucionais miméticas não foram constatadas. Pressões institucionais normativas provenientes de universidades, por sua vez, estão correlacionadas negativamente a adoção de inovações organizacionais. A presente pesquisa contribui com a literatura acadêmica sobre inovação organizacional ao demonstrar quais tipos de pressão institucional influenciam na adoção desse tipo de inovação. Contribui também para a literatura institucional, demonstrando a necessidade de se diferenciar entre tipos de pressão normativa.
Organizational innovation, the adoption of new management practices and models of work, is one of the main sources of competitive advantages for firms. Recent research has underlined the role of the institutional environment and isomorphic pressures in the behavior of organizations, particularly for the adoption of innovation. In order to understand what factors may influence the adoption of organizational innovation it is necessary to understand how institutional pressures impact it. The central question guiding this research is: how do institutional pressures (mimetic, normative, coercive) influence the adoption of organizational innovation? The cooperation between organizations was used to measure the different types of institutional pressure. Mimetic pressure was measured through the cooperation between competitors. Normative pressure was measured through the cooperation with consultancy firms and universities. Coercive pressure was measured through the cooperation with certifying organizations. In order to answer this research question a quantitative approach was adopted, based on secondary data from the Brazilian Research on Technological Innovation (Pintec) conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The data represents 38 sectors of the Brazilian economy, according to three researches conducted in 2008, 2011 and 2014. The statistical technique used was panel data analysis, which is recommended for datasets with both longitudinal and cross-sectional characteristics. The results show that normative institutional pressures from consultancy companies and institutional coercive pressures have a positive influence on the adoption of organizational innovation. Mimetic pressures were not significant, while normative pressures from universities are negatively correlated with organizational innovation. This research contributes to the academic literature on organizational innovation by demonstrating which types of organizational pressure influence its adoption. It also contributes to institutional theory by showing the necessity of differentiating the types of normative pressure according to its source.
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17

Wilks, Brett Josh. "The impact of dynamic institutional capabilities on multinational enterprises’ subsidiary performance in emerging markets." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23065.

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In light of the global mining industry’s record profits in 2011, this inquiry explored the institutional drivers of mining multinational’s subsidiaries overall performance. Using a lens of institutional theory, this inquiry explored why the subsidiaries of emerging mining multinationals have outperformed the subsidiaries of developed mining multinationals in emerging markets.The inquiry used Mann-Whitney U hypothesis testing to compare the financial performance of 46 emerging mining subsidiaries and 39 developed mining subsidiaries. The inquiry ran eight multiple regression models to test subsidiary performance variables against institutional variables obtained from the 2011/2012 Fraser Institute annual survey of mining companies.The findings support and add to the institutional and international business literature. Emerging multinational enterprises and their subsidiaries possess dynamic institutional capabilities which allows them to better manage institutional uncertainty than developed multinational enterprises and their subsidiaries in emerging markets. An institutional development model has been developed to assist managers of multinational enterprises reduce their institutional uncertainty in emerging markets.
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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18

Martin, Robin. "African American Leadership in Urban Institutions of Higher Education: A Case Narrative of the Social, Cultural, and Institutional Impact of an Individual Leader at a Historically White Institution." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368024654.

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19

Zouain, Desirée Moraes. "Parques Tecnólogicos - propondo um modelo conceitual para regiões urbanas - o Parque Tecnólogico de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-27032014-134435/.

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Este trabalho propõe um modelo conceitual de Parque Tecnológico adaptado aos requisitos da sociedade do conhecimento, contextualizado para regiões urbanas, de média a densamente povoadas, ou metropolitanas. O modelo é particularizado para a cidade de São Paulo, focalizando o entorno da Cidade Universitária - campus da Universidade de São Paulo, na capital, região onde se encontra uma grande densidade de instituições de pesquisa e organizações de apoio ao desenvolvimento científico e à inovação tecnológica, tais como: o Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), o Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas (IPT), o Instituto Butantã e o Centro Incubador de Empresas Tecnológicas (CIETEC). O modelo considera a alteração da vocação econômica da cidade de São Paulo, a mudança física de empresas de grande porte de setores tradicionais, a alta taxa de desemprego e o mercado extremamente competitivo, fatos esses que são desafios para a implementação de políticas que possibilitem a substituição de atividades declinantes por atividades nascentes, mais competitivas e que auxiliem na atração de investimentos para a cidade. Para apoiar o desenvolvimento do modelo, é construido um panorama de experiências nacionais e estrangeiras em parques tecnológicos, detalhando aspectos estratégicos, estruturais, gerenciais e operacionais, tendo sido analisadas sete experiências nacionais e três experiências internacionais, por meio da aplicação de um instrumento de pesquisa e entrevistas. O modelo conceitual é elaborado tomando por base três pilares que se apresentam importantes para o sucesso das experiências analisadas durante a pesquisa de campo, a saber: a dinâmica das relações entre os atores envolvidos, a inserção e relação com o meio urbano e as características das empresas e respectivos estágios de desenvolvimento. O modelo proposto reúne quatro grupos de atividades no seu contexto: as atividades de um centro incubador de empresas tecnológicas; as atividades das empresas graduadas ou maduras e micro e pequenas e médias empresas, externas ao sistema, baseadas no conhecimento, bem como instalações de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de grandes corporações em parceria com instituições de pesquisa instaladas na região, e as atividades do Parque Tecnológico propriamente dito, entidade que suporta as ações previstas no modelo. O presente modelo propõe um passo além da idéia de estruturação de um parque urbano, prevendo um núcleo gestor e coordenador, composto por algumas de suas estruturas organizacionais, e a disseminação desse parque na cidade, permitindo irradiar ações coordenadas no meio urbano.
A conceptual model of Technology Park is established, adapted to the knowledge society requirements. The focus is on medium and highly dense population areas and global megacities, mainly in developing countries. The model is particularized to the São Paulo city and the neighbourhood of the University of Sao Paulo campus. This region has a high density of research institutions and other organizations that support scientific, technology and innovation activities; among these organizations are: the Institute for Nuclear and Energy Research (IPEN), the Institute for Technology Research (IPT), the Butanta Institute and the Incubator Center for Technology Enterprises (CIETEC). The model considers the changes in the economic vocation of the Sao Paulo city, the removal of traditional industry sectors organizations from the region, the unemployment rates and the highly competitive global market. These challenges ask for policies that can attract new economic activities, more competitive in the global market, and new investors. To support the research activities it is applied a questionnaire and interviews to seven national and three international technology parks experiences. The conceptual model is based on three main aspects which are considered by these experiences very important to the success of the technology parks, as follows: the dynamics of the players relation, the urban intervention of the project and the companies characteristics and development stages. The proposed model concerns to four groups of activities: the technology incubator center activities; the graduate or mature companies from the incubator center or other micro, small or medium knowledge based companies, from outside the system; the cooperative research activities among private organizations and research institutions; the Technology Park services and managing activities. This model innovates concerning the conception of a managing and coordinator core, located inside the University campus, and by the dissemination and irradiation of the Technology Park activities and benefits to the city, forming innovative clusters and establishing adense knowledge network.
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20

Bandyopadhyay, Santanu. "Impact of Individual and Institutional Characteristics on Transfer from Two-Year to Four-Year Public Institutions in Ohio." View abstract, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3338560.

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21

Kentzingen, Raphael. "The Olympic Games of Rio de Janeiro : project : related events and their political, aesthetical, economic and technological impacts on the main project actors." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/22362.

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This study is concerned on Rio 2016 megaproject management undertaken by theprincipal project actors: The International Olympic Committee (IOC), the OrganisingCommittee of the Olympic Games (OCOG) and the Brazilian Government. Firstly, anintroduction into megaprojects precedes the explanation of two intrinsically linkedconcepts, Complexity and Risk Management. Only after that fundamental portrayal twowidely adopted theories in Megaproject research will be reviewed, namely Stakeholdertheory and Institutional theory. In light of the literature and by means of a content analysisto local and international newspapers articles, the main project related events thatoccurred shortly before, during and after the Olympic Games were extracted andcategorized. In total, twelve project related events were identified. The broader projectmanagement picture related to those issue is supported by a brief description of Rio 2016´s project governance. Finally, the paper finishes with the appeal to widen up theacademic research on the complexity of the Olympic Games as there is a lackingexplanatory and evaluative capability of the aforementioned theories in assessing the mainconceptual undertakings of such a particular megaproject. After all, the unexpected issuesthat the abovementioned actors had to manage are best described by four impactingmegaproject dimensions: The political impact, the aesthetic impact, the economic impactand the technological impact.
Este estudo tem como foco a gestão do megaprojeto Rio 2016 realizada pelos principaisatores do projeto: o Comitê Olímpico Internacional, o Comitê Organizador dos JogosOlímpicos e o Governo Brasileiro. Em primeiro lugar, uma introdução em megaprojectosprecede a explicação de dois conceitos intrinsecamente ligados, Complexidade e Gestãode Risco. Somente após esse retrato fundamental, duas teorias extensamente adotadas napesquisa do megaprojeto serão revistas: Teoria do Stakeholder e Teoria Institucional.Segue, em luz da literatura e por meio de uma análise de conteúdo, uma coleta de artigosde jornais locais e internacionais sobre os principais eventos relacionados ao projeto,ocorridos pouco antes, durante e depois dos Jogos Olímpicos. No total, foramidentificados doze eventos relacionados ao projeto. O quadro mais amplo degerenciamento deste projeto é apoiado por uma breve descrição da governança do projetoRio 2016. Por fim, o trabalho conclui com o apelo de ampliar a pesquisa académica sobrea complexidade dos Jogos Olímpicos, pois há uma falta de capacidade explicativa parauma avaliação dos principais empreendimentos conceituais deste megaprojeto. Isto devidoao motivo de os eventos gerenciados pelos atores terem acabado por ser explicados porquatro dimensões do megaprojeto: O impacto político, o impacto estético, o impactoeconómico e o impacto tecnológico.
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22

Pencas, Maria de Nazaré Piteira da Silva. "Avaliação de impacto do processo de capitação para líderes do terceiro setor." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26743.

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O trabalho desenvolveu-se no âmbito de um estágio curricular realizado na Fundação Eugénio de Almeida, uma Instituição de Direito Privado e Utilidade Pública, na área da qualificação para o terceiro Sector através da análise das formações certificadas já concluídas. Face à necessidade de desenvolver competências por parte das Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social, do Distrito de Évora, é necessário avaliar o impacto das formações destinadas aos seus líderes, de forma a perceber o seu impacto na qualidade da prestação de serviço à comunidade. Assim, através dos questionários de avaliação das formações já executadas, da realização de entrevista aos líderes das instituições participantes mais assíduas nas formações propostas pela FEA, será compreendida a pertinência e eficácia das formações no desenvolvimento das respostas sociais do Distrito de Évora; Abstract: The work was developed as part of a curricular internship at Fundação Eugénio de Almeida, an Institution of Private Law and Public Utility, in the area of qualification for the third sector through the analysis of the already completed certified training. In view of the need to develop skills by the Private Social Solidarity Institutions of the District of Évora, it is necessary to assess the impact of training for their lead-ers in order to understand their impact on the quality of service to the community. Thus, through the self-assessment questionnaires of the training already carried out, by conducting interviews with the leaders of the most frequent participating institutions in the courses proposed by the FEA, the relevance and effectiveness of the training in the development of social responses in the municipality of Évora will be understood.
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23

Bellanger, Manuel. "Modélisation de mécanismes institutionnels et impacts bio-économiques de systèmes de gestion de quotas : application à la pêcherie de sole du golfe de Gascogne." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0037/document.

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En France, où les droits de pêches ne sont pas transférables, la gestion des quotas de pêche est essentiellement déléguée aux organisations de producteurs (OP), lesquelles se voient attribuer des allocations collectives et sont responsables de la gestion des possibilités de pêche de leurs adhérents. On peut ainsi s’interroger sur la manière dont la présence des OP au sein des institutions peut permettre d’améliorer les performances écologiques,économiques et sociales de la gestion des pêches en comparaison avec d’autres formes institutionnelles telles que les systèmes de quotas individuels transférables (QIT). Les recherches de thèse, comprenant une partie théorique et s’appuyant sur le cas de la pêcherie de sole du golfe de Gascogne pour les applications empiriques,sont organisées autour des questions suivantes : (1) Par quels mécanismes les OP peuvent-elles permettre d’améliorer le respect des réglementations et influencer l’émergence de normes sociales ? (2) Quels sont les effets redistributifs de la gestion des quotas par les OP ? (3) Comment les mécanismes de gestion des quotas par les OP peuvent-ils être intégrés dans la modélisation bio-économique pour l’évaluation d’impact de scénarios de gestion ? Les analyses développées établissent l’intérêt de prendre en compte des contraintes induites par différents arrangements institutionnels et les résultats sont notamment examinés au regard des trois dimensions (écologique, économique et sociale) nécessaires à la gestion durable des pêches. Les compromis entre ces différentes dimensions sont mis en évidence dans le cadre de scénarios prospectifs visant une meilleure compréhension des enjeux liés à la gestion des pêches
In France, where fishing rights are non-transferable, the management of fishing quotas is essentially delegated to producer organizations (POs). POs are granted collective allocations based on the aggregate fishing rights of their members and are then responsible for managing their fishing opportunities. The goal of this research, which contains theoretical developments as well as empirical analyses applied to the Bay of Biscay sole fishery, is to determine how outcomes of fisheries management are altered by the presence of POs within institutions as compared to alternative governance systems such as individual transferable quotas (ITQs). This dissertation notably brings together bio-economic approaches and institutional analyses to better anticipate the ecological, economic and social impacts of potential governance options. The research questions are the following: (1) What mechanisms could ensure a high level of compliance and what are the potential gains of placing the POs between the regulator and the fishermen? (2) What are the distributional effects of catch share management by POs? (3) What is the added value of integrating institutional arrangements involving POs into bio-economic modelling for the impact assessment of catch share management options? The analyses that were developed establish the ability of institutional design to influence outcomes in catch share systems in terms of compliance, distribution, and ecological-socioeconomic trade-offs achieved by alternative management options
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24

Palacios, Arguello Laura Vanessa. "Characterization and assessment of distribution schemes for food supply and distribution systems considering environmentally sensitive demand." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2019. https://theses.hal.science/tel-02862123.

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Cette thèse questionne la façon dont les exigences de la demande de produits écoresponsables peuvent influencer la configuration de la distribution de l'approvisionnement alimentaire. En d’autres termes, elle interroge la configuration des systèmes alimentaires urbains pour satisfaire une demande de produits alimentaires écoresponsables. Par conséquent, son objectif est d'explorer comment estimer la relation entre une demande écoresponsable et une configuration de distribution alimentaire en tenant compte des enjeux économiques et environnementaux. La thèse compile trois phases : (1) demande alimentaire écoresponsable : identifier les critères de qualité environnementale du produit qui ont un impact sur sa demande et comment les caractéristiques de cette demande peuvent être utilisées pour décrire les exigences des systèmes logistiques pour une distribution durable. (2) Configuration de la chaîne d’approvisionnement alimentaire : compte tenu de ces nouvelles exigences, cette phase vise à décrire, à partir de la littérature, les stratégies de la chaîne d'approvisionnement alimentaire qui permettent d'atteindre une distribution durable, et analyser l'impact de ces stratégies sur les décisions logistiques dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement. (3) évaluation de la chaîne d'approvisionnement alimentaire : Identifier et construire des indicateurs économiques et environnementaux que représentent les impacts générés dans la configuration des systèmes de distribution alimentaire proposés
This thesis addresses the research question of how demand requirements for eco-responsible and local products may impact the food supply distribution configuration. In other words, how to configure urban food systems to satisfy a demand for eco-responsible food products. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore how to estimate the relationship between a demand for eco-responsible and food distribution configuration considering economic and environmental issues.The thesis is a compilation of three phases:• Eco-responsible food demand: It seeks to identify the product's environmental quality criteria that impact product demand and how these demand's characteristics can be used to describe the requirements of logistic schemes for sustainable distribution.• Food supply chain configuration: Considering these new requirements, this phase aims to describe the food supply chain strategies that achieve a sustainable food distribution addressed in the literature, and to analyse how these strategies identified impact logistic decisions in the supply chain.• Food supply chain assessment: It attempts to analyse the estimation of economic and environmental indicators that may represent the impacts generated in the configuration of the different food distribution schemes proposed.The results highlight a framework proposal, aiming to understand how changes in a current food distribution system can be identified and quantified (in a logic of before-after scenario assessment). This framework includes: (i) Logistic decisions to be considered in the distribution system at strategic and tactical level. (ii) Food system characterization to define an initial situation (stakeholders, demand and supply characterization), and the demand and supply estimation; (iii) Scenario construction to analyse scenarios to be tested; and (iv) Scenario assessment to identify and assess economic and environmental impacts of the food distribution system, including tests and expert feedback to validate the scenarios proposed
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25

Laing, Timothy. "Assessing the impact of institutional conditions upon REDD+." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1024/.

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This thesis investigates the role that institutional conditions have on policy for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) by applying a New Institutional Economics perspective and a multimethodological approach. It focuses on three specific institutional conditions: property rights, governance and politics, and applies theoretical and empirical techniques. A single case study of Guyana’s innovative REDD+ programme is used for empirical analysis. The thesis provides contributions to normative and evaluative REDD+ literature, especially with regard to early assessments of the design, impacts and effectiveness of national-level REDD+. It makes subsidiary contributions in the areas of small-scale mining, policy design under political influence and environmental governance. Through analytical modelling the thesis finds that design of REDD+ is significantly altered when placed in a general equilibrium setting, along with when political influence is included. Econometric analysis of a unique data-set from Guyana shows effects from electoral cycles on the holding of property rights relating to the main driver of deforestation, mining, along with the introduction of REDD+. Qualitative analysis of interviews and media sources highlight that governance of REDD+ in Guyana has remained predominantly state-centric, with only some evidence that multi-actor, multilevel governance has emerged. Issues such as capacity, political will, electioneering, the retained control of finance by donors and the introduction of complicated systems of safeguards have all affected the emergence of ‘pure’ REDD+ in Guyana. The thesis provides key conclusions on the importance of a cognisance of the institutional landscape on which REDD+ is to be implemented. Including such an institutional perspective raises questions over the perceived cheapness of REDD+ as a mitigation option. It offers guidance for the design and implementation of national level REDD+ policy and highlights the need for a differentiated approach to REDD+, factoring in the relevant institutional conditions prevalent in each jurisdiction.
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Yuksel, Hasan Zafer. "Does Investment Horizon Matter? Disentangling the Effect of Institutional Herding on Stock Prices." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/232474.

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Existing studies document that institutional herding has a stabilizing effect on stock prices, as stock returns are positively correlated with herding over one- to three-quarter horizons. The literature also shows that short-term institutions are better informed than long-term institutions. Motivated by heterogeneity in the level of informed trading between short-term and long-term institutions, this study disentangles the herding effect of short-term and long-term institutions on stock prices. Our results show that herding by short-term institutions promotes price discovery. In contrast, herding by long-term institutions drives stock prices away from fundamentals. Taken together, our findings suggest that the stabilizing effect documented in the existing literature is mainly driven by short-term institutions, and herding by long-term institutions has a destabilizing effect on stock prices.
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Brunnstedt, Felix. "The institutional environments impact on sales at an engineering consultancy firm : The institutional environments impact on sales at an engineering consultancy firm." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388683.

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This thesis uses a case study approach and investigates how the institutional environment has an impact on decision making regarding sales within three departments at WSP Management in Sweden. With the application of neo-institutional frameworks, the study explains how decision making is constrained by the institution and the actors that make up the institutional environment, as well as how a pursuit for stability and legitimacy isolate engineering consultant companies from other sectors within the market.   The study concludes that the institutional environments inducements have created a sales structure within the departments that is solely focused on the public sector and acquiring contracts through public procurement. This sales structure is heavily imprinted within the departments and has created a culture where employees rely in department management to solely sell their services to potential customers. The success and efficiency within this institutional environment has made it that the departments key performance indicator-demands from upper the upper management are based on a sales structure that requires little or no proactive sales. The inducements within the regulative institutional environment thus has a big impact on their decision making when they are trying to maintain a financial stability in relation to the company’s upper management. With the current structure they have been placed in an institutional comfort zone in which they will be stuck within if no change is made.
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Henneberger, Sabine. "Entwicklung einer Analysemethode für Institutional Repositories unter Verwendung von Nutzungsdaten." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16399.

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Nutzungsdaten von elektronischen wissenschaftlichen Publikationen und insbesondere die Anzahl ihrer Downloads rücken mit der Verbreitung des Internets zunehmend in den Blickpunkt des Interesses der Autoren, der Herausgeber, der technischen Anbieter und der Nutzer solcher Publikationen. Downloadzahlen von Publikationen, welche durch Auswertung der Protokolle der IT-Systeme der Anbieter ermittelt werden, sind solche Nutzungsdaten. Die Erhebung erfolgt durch Filterung aller stattgefundenen Zugriffe und Summierung über eine definierte Zeiteinheit. Downloadzahlen sind Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen, in welchen das Konzept des Citation Impact auf die Nutzungshäufigkeit einer Publikation übertragen und der sogenannte Download Impact gebil-det wird. Besonderes Augenmerk wird dem Zusammenhang von Citation Impact und Download Impact gewidmet. Handelt es sich um Open-Access-Publikationen, muss davon ausgegangen werden, dass in den Downloadzahlen nicht nur menschliche, sondern auch maschinelle Zugriffe erfasst wurden, da eine sichere Unterscheidung unmöglich ist. Das hat zur Folge, dass die gewonnenen Daten für die einzelnen Publikationen unzuverlässig sind und starken Schwankungen unterliegen. Trotzdem enthalten sie wertvolle Informationen, welche mit Hilfe der Mathematischen Statistik nutzbar gemacht werden können. Mit nichtparametrischen Methoden ausgewertet, geben Downloadzahlen Auskunft über die Sichtbarkeit von elektronischen Publikationen im Internet. Diese Methoden bilden den Kern von NoRA (Non-parametric Repository Analysis), mit deren Hilfe die Betreiber von Open Access Repositories die Downloadzahlen ihrer elektronischen Publikationen auswerten können, um Sichtbarkeitsdefizite zu ermitteln und zu beheben und so die Qualität ihres Online-Angebotes zu erhöhen. Die Analysemethode NoRA wurde auf die Daten von vier universitären Institutional Repositories erfolgreich angewendet. Es konnten jeweils Gruppen von Publikationen identifiziert werden, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Nutzung signifikant unterscheiden. Die Parallelen in den Ergebnissen weisen auf Einflussfaktoren für die Nutzungsdaten hin, welche in der gegenwärtigen Diskussion bisher keine Berücksichtigung finden. Hier erschließen sich weitere Anwendungsfelder für NoRA. Gleichzeitig geben die Ergebnisse Anlass, den Informationsgehalt von Downloadzahlen für die einzelne Publikation kritisch zu hinterfragen.
With the spread of internet usage over the past decades, access characteristics of electronic scientific publica-tions, especially the number of document downloads, are of increasing interest to the authors, publishers, technical providers and users of such publications. These download data of publications are usually obtained from the protocols of the IT systems of the provider. A data set is then created by filtering all accesses and subsequent summarizing over a certain time unit. Download data are the subject of scientific investigations, in which the concept of the Citation Impact is applied to the rate of use of a publication and the so-called Download Impact is formed. Special attention is paid to the relation between Citation Impact and Download Impact. In the case of Open Access publications, two types of access need to be distinguished. Human access and machine access are both captured and a reliable distinction is not possible yet. As a result, the data obtained for single publications are unreliable and subject to strong fluctuations. Nevertheless, they contain valuable information that can be made useful with the help of mathematical statistics. Analyzed with nonparametric methods, download data give information about the visibility of electronic publications on the Internet. These methods form the core of NoRA (Non-parametric Repository Analysis). With the help of NoRA, the operators of Open Access Repositories are able to analyze the download data of their electronic publications, to identify and correct deficiencies of visibility and to increase the quality of their online platform. The analytical method NoRA was successfully applied to data from Institutional Repositories of four universities. In each case, groups of publications were identified that differed significantly in their usage. Similarities in the results reveal factors that influence the usage data, which have not been taken into account previously. The presented results imply further applications of NoRA but also raise doubts about the value of download data of single publications.
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Unbehaun, David [Verfasser], Volker [Gutachter] Wulf, and Claudia [Gutachter] Müller. "Designing, implementing and evaluating assistive technologies to engage people with dementia and their caregivers : a practice-based approach to explore the potential and impacts of exergames to foster interaction, social participation and well-being in private and institutional care contexts / David Unbehaun ; Gutachter: Volker Wulf, Claudia Müller." Siegen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Siegen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218783893/34.

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30

Šeputienė, Janina. "The evaluation of the impact of institutional environment on economics." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100303_133234-62136.

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The dissertation investigates the impact of institutional environment on economics, considering the impact of international trade and geography factors as well. Aforementioned factors are called “deep determinants” of economic development, as they influence proximate determinants of economic growth – investments, human capital, and technology. The main object of research is the impact of institutional environment on countries’ economics. The primary aim is to reason the impact of institutional environment on economics by means of analysis of theoretical and empirical studies and to evaluate and compare this impact between countries where institutional environment is different. The major tasks: to explain the function of institutions and its impact on economics; to summarize the results of empirical studies on the impact of institutions on economics, to highlight the main debatable questions, to reveal the main shortcomings of the applied methodology; to create a model for the evaluation of the impact of institutional environment on economics and to test it in groups of countries where institutional environment is different. The dissertation consists of three parts including Introduction, 3 chapters, Conclusions, References and 16 Annexes. The introduction reveals the investigated problem, importance of the thesis and the object of research and describes the purpose and tasks of the paper, research methodology, scientific novelty, the practical significance of the results and... [to full text]
Disertacijoje nagrinėjamas institucinės aplinkos poveikis ekonomikai, taip pat atsižvelgiant į tarptautinės prekybos ir geografinius veiksnius. Paminėti veiksniai mokslinėje literatūroje įvardijami kaip „gilieji“ ekonomikos augimo ir plėtros veiksniai, lemiantys tiesioginius augimo veiksnius: investicijas, žmogiškąjį kapitalą, technologijas. Pagrindinis tyrimo objektas yra institucinės aplinkos poveikis šalių ekonomikai. Pagrindinis disertacijos tikslas – remiantis teoriniais teiginiais bei empiriniais tyrimais pagrįsti institucinės aplinkos poveikį šalių ekonomikai, atlikti poveikio vertinimą ir palyginimą skirtingos institucinės aplinkos šalių grupėse. Pagrindiniai darbo uždaviniai: atskleisti institucijų funkcijas ir pasireiškiantį poveikį ekonomikai; susisteminti empirinių institucijų poveikio ekonomikai tyrimų rezultatus, išskirti pagrindinius diskusinius klausimus, atskleisti taikytų tyrimo metodikų trūkumus; sudaryti institucinės aplinkos poveikio ekonomikai vertinimo modelį ir jį patikrinti skirtingos institucinės aplinkos šalių grupėse. Disertaciją sudaro įvadas, trys skyriai, rezultatų apibendrinimas, naudotos literatūros ir autorės publikacijų disertacijos tema sąrašai ir 16 priedų. Įvadiniame skyriuje aptariama tiriamoji problema, darbo aktualumas, tyrimų objektas, formuluojamas darbo tikslas bei uždaviniai, aprašoma tyrimų metodika, darbo mokslinis naujumas, darbo rezultatų praktinė reikšmė, ginamieji teiginiai. Įvado pabaigoje pristatomos disertacijos tema... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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31

Savvas, Panayiotis. "The impact of a speculative stock market on institutional investors." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10822.

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Modern Finance literature persistently ignores the systemically destabilizing effects of financial bubbles. As a result, periodic speculative excesses, which hugely deviate from the rational models of mainstream finance, are largely unexplored, especially with regard to institutional investors’ behaviour in financially euphoric environments. My main objectives are to expose the premises, which the speculative bubble was built on, and the factors affecting institutional investors’ investment decisions, objectives and risk attitude in speculative bubbles. Using a series of semi-structured interviews with fund managers that worked during the Cyprus bubble of 1999, this thesis aims to contribute to the limited literature regarding institutional investors’ speculation. I draw from Abolafia and Kilduff, Kindleberger, Minsky, and Galbraith in order to provide a descriptive framework of speculative bubbles, in which institutional investors appear to be purposive, contrary to and at the expense of retail investors and the systemic stability. The empirical data suggest that the roots of speculative bubbles are set by an event with perceived real economic consequences, which is seen to improve economic conditions and shift investors’ expectations. Afterwards, the rising share prices keep inviting an increasing number of speculators who create a new reality by replacing reason with what appears to be misinterpretation and misunderstanding. In this environment, regulatory failure, rumours and ‘strange friendships’ appear on the scene. Additionally, there is strong evidence suggesting that the institutional investors’ understanding of risk in speculative markets, contrary to the conventional wisdom, is particularly problematic; a phenomenon I call ‘risk paradox’. The implications of speculative bubbles and institutional investors’ risk attitude are crucial in understanding the limitations of rational models that prevail in finance. This thesis argues for situating investment activity within its social, and frequently, speculative context. It contributes to understanding the behaviour of institutional investors in speculative markets and calls attention to their irrational investment behaviour.
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32

Lindsay, Kathleen. "Financial Crises and Investment Behavior: The Impact of Institutional Investors." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2383.

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The following dissertation contains two related essays. The first essay explores how institutional investor presence impacts investments during the global financial crisis. Using OLS, industry fixed effects, and Heckman 2SLS regression approaches, I explore two ways through which institutional investors could impact investments: liquidity and monitoring. My findings best support monitoring theory. I find that institutional investors monitor capital and R&D levels to maximize crisis period firm value. The second essay is a direct fallout from my first essay. In it, I investigate how institutional investor types influence investments. I ask, do certain types of investors improve liquidity or monitor firm investment behavior during the global financial crisis? My results suggest that long-term, dedicated institutional investors monitor firm investments more than short-term, transient investors. As a result, firms with greater dedicated investor presence perform better during the crisis periods than their peers.
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33

El, kallab Tania. "Three essays on French colonial trade." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0835/document.

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Cette thèse se compose de trois études empiriques sur le commerce colonial Français. Le premier chapitre consiste d’une étude comparative entre le commerce Franco-colonial et le commerce Français avec d'autres groupes de colonies et pays afin d'analyser la nature et la dynamique du commerce sectoriel Français dans la période 1880 jusqu’à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale. A la base, ce chapitre décrit la construction et restructuration complète des différentes données historiques primaires sur la valeur du commerce sectoriel Français. Les résultats mettent en évidence une tendance commune du commerce Franco-colonial. En particulier, le commerce de la France avec ses colonies a été principalement basé sur les importations de produits de matière première et sur les exportations de produits manufacturés. Cette évidence confirme que l'Empire colonial a été un débouché principal pour exportations de la France et un réservoir essentiel de matières premières. Les statistiques montrent également que suite à la colonisation des colonies Françaises, les échanges commerciaux entre la France et ses colonies ont augmenté, tandis que la colonisation de la Grande-Bretagne et des autres métropoles n'a pas affecté le commerce entre la France et colonies anglaises et européennes. Les résultats ne révèlent pas un avantage comparatif en faveur de ces colonies. Le deuxième chapitre étudie comment la stratégie coloniale illustrée par le nombre des colons Européens installés dans les colonies a affecté la structure du commerce Français. On applique un modèle de gravité dont les résultats montrent que les colonies françaises ayant plus de colons Français dans leurs territoires s’engagent plus dans des relations de commerce avec la France, alors que l'inverse est vrai pour les autres colonies. Ce chapitre examine en outre deux canaux par lesquels l’installation des colons européens pourrait avoir affecté les échanges commerciaux entre la France et les colonies: les institutions et les réseaux. Les résultats montrent que meilleures sont les institutions dans les colonies Françaises, moins est le commerce avec la France, alors que ces meilleures institutions facilitent le commerce de la France avec les colonies anglaises. Ces résultats sont cohérents avec la nature extractive du commerce Franco-colonial. Les réseaux ont un impact positif sur le commerce de la France avec ses colonies, mais un impact négatif sur le commerce avec les autres colonies. Enfin, dans le dernier chapitre, on étudie la relation entre le type de biens que les colonies exportent vers la France et la croissance économique ultérieure de ces pays. Une explication commune pour le nexus exportations-croissance est la qualité des institutions établies dans ces colonies pendant la période coloniale. Afin d'étudier l'impact du commerce colonial sur la croissance économique par l’intermédiaire des institutions, on applique l’approche PLS du modèle d’équations structurelles. Grace à cette méthode, nous sommes en mesure de tirer simultanément l'importance relative et du commerce et des institutions sur la croissance, tout en tenant compte des problèmes de multicolinéarité entre ces variables, leurs erreurs de mesures et des problèmes de taille de petits échantillons. Les résultats évoquent un rôle commun et important du commerce colonial et de la qualité des institutions en déterminant la croissance économique des pays à long terme. En particulier les colonies françaises qui ont exporté des matières premières a la France ont développé des institutions extractives, ce qui a affecté négativement leur développement aujourd'hui, tandis que celles qui ont exporté des produits manufacturés performent mieux économiquement aujourd'hui. Parmi les colonies anglaises et les autres colonies européennes, les exportations de matières premières et de produits manufacturés vers la France ont contribué à de meilleures institutions et donc à un meilleur développement économique a long-terme
This thesis consists of three empirical papers on French colonial trade patterns: Chapter 1 undertakes a comparative study between Franco-colonial trade and French trade with other groups of countries in order to analyse the nature and dynamic of French sectoral trade for the period starting 1880 until the eve of the WWI. Initially it presents a complete description of the construction and restructure of the various primary historical. Results highlight a common trend regarding Franco-colonial trade. In particular, French trade with its colonies was mainly based on imports of primary products and exports of manufactured goods meaning that the Empire was used as the main dispenser of French exports and their main provider of natural resources. Statistics also emphasize that the event of colonization was followed by an increase in trade between France and its colonies, while colonization from Britain and other metropolis did not impact trade between France and British/ other colonies. This chapter finally reveals that trade with French colonies was unbalanced with no advantage in favor of those colonies. Chapter 2 investigates how the colonial strategy through the settlement decision affected French trade patterns. Using a gravity model, results show that French colonies with more European settlements traded more with France, whereas the opposite is true for other colonies. The chapter further investigates two channels through which European settlements might have affected the French trade pattern with colonies: institutions and networking. Results show that better institutions brought by European settlements had a negative impact on trade with French colonies, while it promoted trade with British colonies. These results are consistent with the extractive nature of French trade relations with its colonies. As for networking, it increases overall French trade within French colonies but reduces it in other colonies. Finally in the last chapter we investigate the relation between the type of goods colonies exported to France and those economies' later development. A common explanation for the export-growth nexus is the quality of institutions established in those colonies during the colonial period. In order to investigate the impact of colonial trade on current growth through the mediation of institutions, we apply the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. With this method we are able to simultaneously derive the relative importance of trade and of institutions on growth, while taking into account multicollinearity between the variables, their measurements errors and small sample size issues. The results suggest an important joint role for both trade and institutions in determining economic development in the long run. In particular French colonies who exported raw material developed extractive institutions, which negatively affected development today, while those who exported manufactured goods experience better economic performance today. Among British and other colonies, however, higher exports of both raw materials and of manufactured goods to France are associated with better institutions, which lead to better economic performance in the long-run
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34

Leukert, Andreas. "The Impact of Institutions on Economic Performance." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-48727.

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35

Ohlson, Mikael. "Essays on Immigrants and Institutional Change in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Växjö : Växjö University Press, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2437.

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36

Aziz, Reuben. "THE REDENOMINATIO OF THE GHANAIAN CURRENCY(2007)- A STUDY OF ITS IMPACT ON THE BUSINESS OF THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN GHANA." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för management, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1185.

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Abstract The cedi is Ghana’s official currency which was introduced on July 19, 1965. The loss in the value of the cedi since its introduction cannot be overestimated. Owing to the low values of the notes and coins(due to persistent loss in value), huge quantities had to be printed and minted resulting in huge cost to the central bank. Meanwhile commercial banks were facing high cash based transaction cost because relatively large quantities of notes were needed for transactions. There was also high risk involved in cash based transaction to the banks and their clients. Bank customers were becoming more uncomfortable carrying huge quantities of cash to and from the banks. These customers also had to spend more time at the banking halls to get served. These and other factors reduced the interest and confidence of the general public in the financial sector affecting banking businesses. The re denomination of the cedi was done in 2007, to deal with these ’huge dead-weight burden’ on the banks and the entire economy of Ghana. The objective of this study is to explore its impact on some variables affecting commercial banking businesses. These are cost, operational risk, deposit mobilization, ATM operations, and reliability and convenience of banking services. A pluralistic approach was adopted for this research and the results of both the quantitative and qualitative study done in analyzing my hypothesis reaffirmed each other and provided valuable findings and deeper understanding of the impact of the re denomination on the business of the financial institutions. The main findings showed the following: 1) The re denomination had not affected costs in banks, 2) The re denomination has generally reduced operational loss risks, 3) The re denomination has generally improved deposit mobilization, 4) The re denomination has improved the reliability and profitability of ATM s, 5) The re denomination has improved the reliability and convenience of banking services. With this study I hope to provide new insights on how re denomination affects the business of financial institutions who are key partners to the central banks in the successful implementation of such exercise. I also hope to provide valuable recommendations on how banks can deal with the challenges that may be presented by a re denomination
+233-024-6734104
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37

Theuerkauf, Ulrike. "Ethno-embedded institutionalism : the impact of institutional repertoires on ethnic violence." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/535/.

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Hitherto, the relationships between political institutions and ethnopolitical (in)stability typically have been analysed by investigating the effects of single, formal political institutions such as electoral systems or state structures (see e.g. Reynolds 2002; Roeder and Rothchild 2005). My doctoral thesis criticises this research focus on two different yet equally relevant accounts: First, the tendency to single out the effects of individual institutions is based on the implicit – and as I claim: wrong – assumption that political institutions can be treated as separate entities and that it is only of secondary relevance of which broader set of institutions they form part. Second, despite studies which highlight the relevance of informal political institutions (see e.g. Sisk and Stefes 2005; Varshney 2002), they have received far less attention in the academic debate so far. ‘Ethno-Embedded Institutionalism’ describes a new approach to the study of institutional incentives for ethnic violence which goes beyond the mere focus on single, formal political institutions by highlighting the effects of both institutional combinations and informal political institutions on the risk of ethnic civil war. To test the relevance of ‘Ethno-Embedded Institutionalism’, I use a grievance-based explanation of intrastate violence and binary time-series-cross-section analysis based on a personally designed dataset that covers 174 countries between 1955 and 2007. I present statistical evidence that high levels of corruption on the one hand, and institutional combinations of presidentialism, a majoritarian electoral system for the legislature and a unitary state structure on the other increase the risk of large-scale ethnic violence. Overall, my thesis contributes to the academic debate in three relevant regards: i) by conceptualising and testing Ethno-Embedded Institutionalism; ii) by describing a grievance-based explanation of large-scale ethnic violence which clearly identifies the key values of political representation; and iii) by presenting the EEI Dataset as the first comprehensive data source for the systematic statistical analysis of institutional incentives for ethnic civil war.
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Sansa, Godfrey. "The impact of institutional reforms on poverty and inequality in Tanzania." Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528126.

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Poverty is a historical development curse in Tanzania, which has incited extensive institutional reforms and policy changes and received numerous analyses in development research literature. Paradoxically, taking actions to study and alleviate poverty have increased with its continuing severity. A substantial body of research on poverty in the country suggests that, the vast majority of these studies focus on the content rather than the context of poverty alleviation processes. Specifically, the focus has been on: ideas, interests and struggles for resources between political leaders and bureaucrats believed to be taking place at the expense of the poor; ill-informed and unrealistic development policies and strategies; anti-development behaviour and tendencies of the peasants and their alleged conservatism and resistance to modernity, and weak incentive structures of the economy. There is little focus on the character and dynamics of the (historical) institutional context in which these economic conditions, struggles and policy initiatives emerge and take place. Motivated by the disappointing results of anti-poverty initiatives and weaknesses of previous studies, this study uses historical institutional impact analysis guided by institutionalist theory to analyse the problem. The central argument is that the existence and functioning character of institutions are necessary conditions for any human development activity. So, acceptance of the crucial importance of historically oriented institutional context analysis in understanding poverty alleviation initiatives and outcomes is imperative. The study draws on primary and secondary data collected through documentary review and interview methods to explain the ways in which institutional reforms result in an institutional order tolerant of poverty and which create conditions that perpetuate it. It does this by exploring the mode of historical institutional development and by examining the functioning character of the institutional order in respect of poverty alleviation. The study argues that achieving success in poverty alleviation related reforms is dependent on proper understanding of institutional realities of Tanzanian society and the functioning character of the existing institutional order. It proposes a reform process in which institutional legacies and their impact on society become the focus of the reform process itself. The findings indicate that, while reforms and policy changes have taken place and new patterns of behaviour introduced, the logics of institutions central to development and poverty alleviation have not, been fundamentally altered and new patterns of behaviour have simply perpetuated it. Specifically, the findings suggest: first, that institutional reforms pursued by the government are inadequate due to misconception of institutional problems of Tanzanian society; second, that the reforms have created new conditions which perpetuate poverty; and, third, that fundamental character of the functioning of the Tanzanian institutional order will need to change before such anti-poverty measures can hope to succeed. Thus, the study offers a correction to ill-informed poverty analysis by providing an alternative account of the root cause of poverty while insisting that a better understanding of the failure of poverty alleviation requires a strong focus on the historical institutional realties of the country.
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Mvovo, Sinesipho. "The impact of institutional investors on dividend policy in South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32872.

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Agency theory suggests that with enhanced monitoring, companies are more likely to pay out their free cash flow. Institutional investors may be great monitors given that they are professional investors with specialized expertise in evaluating firm's financial performance, management quality and governance. This study investigates the impact of institutional investors on dividend policy in South Africa, during the period from 2009 to 2018. Examining the effect of institutions as a whole can obscure the important variation in the subset of institutions, as they are not homogeneously incentivised to monitor firms. As a result, this paper segregates institutional investors into subcategories based on their monitoring abilities. Through the employment of a panel data regression model, this study finds a positive but statistically insignificant relation between institutional ownership and the dividend pay-out ratio; the positive relation is stronger in monitoring institutions. This paper used firm-fixed effect models to control for the possible endogeneity coming from unobserved firm-level, time invariant factors that determine both dividend policy and institutional ownership at the same time. The results of this paper do not support models that predict that institutional investors cause an increase in firm dividend pay-out ratio. Even though it is possible that firms pay dividends to reduce agency conflicts, this study did not find evidence that supports that the portion of shares held by institutional investors are related to the dividend pay-out policy. Secondly, although it is likely that institutions are more competent in monitoring management actions than individuals, there is no evidence to support that they use dividends as their monitoring device. The results of this study therefore caution those that invest in companies in South Africa and expect to receive more dividends by merely confirming the presence of institutional investors in their potential investee company.
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Wang, Wen-sheng, and 王文聖. "The Impacts of the Institutional Reform on Related Party Transactions." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04501919162964603431.

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博士
國立中央大學
企業管理學系
104
This study investigates the impacts of the institutional reform on firms’ tunneling behavior. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms from 2003 to 2013, we find that the institutional reform restrains listed firms from conducting self-dealing transactions and this effect is much stronger in non-SOEs. Moreover whether the controlling shareholder of non-SOEs is the domestic legal person or the foreign legal person, the tunneling behavior is significantly reduced. Further evidence shows that firms controlled by the domestic legal persons decrease the tunneling behavior whether they are under good governance mechanisms or not; while firms controlled by the foreign legal persons decrease their tunneling behavior in firms with multiple large shareholders, higher contestability and both well-developed and under-developed regions. Our results have some implications for policy makers.
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Dong, Yu-Tsai, and 董育采. "The Impacts of Institutional Investors and CEO Turnover on Schareholder’S Wealth." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4y2jq9.

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碩士
國立中正大學
會計與資訊科技研究所
102
After the Financial Crisis, institutional investors take more notice of corporate governance and operating performance. Any decision executed by the manager will affect the company’s development and ultimately affect the shareholders’ own interests. The study employs the event study to investigate the announcement of CEO turnover effects on shareholder’s wealth while considering the relationship between institutional investors and the CEO turnover. The results show that CEO turnover will affect market investors to evaluate the company’s operating performance; it generates abnormal returns around one day, after a day, after five days and after seven days. The changes of institutional investors’ shareholding proportion or an action of reducing holdings don’t affect the CEO turnover. However, institutional investors’ action of reducing shareholdings affects the shareholder’s wealth form announcement of CEO turnover. It implies that investors will measure the company’s value and operating performance via institutional investors’ actions of reducing shareholdings. Hence, the study suggests companies should describe the contents of CEO turnover exhaustively in order to release the correct information to investors. In addition, the classification of CEO turnover causes should have second proofs to distinguish whether the CEO turnover is involuntary.
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Lu, Yueh-yang, and 呂岳暘. "The Impacts of Net Buy/Sell of Institutional Investors on Stock Returns." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41170860629117509383.

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碩士
國立高雄大學
國際高階經營管理碩士在職專班(IEMBA)
104
The way to manage finance and investment in modern times is diverse, including real estate, insurance, bonds, stocks, futures, mutual funds, and foreign exchange. The fact that approximately three million of investors annually in stock market firmly shows stocks as one of the most popular accesses Taiwanese deal with their finance. It leads to a variety of research methods, such as technical analysis, fundamental analysis and financial analysis on the TV programs, which fulfill increasing expectations of investors to earn interest in the market. Nevertheless, most investors in the stock market are difficult to gain enough information. It easily disables them to make correct decisions on the selection of investment targets. As a result, more investors tend to rely on various index, ranging from financial report of certain companies, foreign investment, to the figures of general transactions of trust funds and dealers. To measure the market by these financial figures becomes as a more reliable strategy for investors. Based on the background and research motives abovementioned, this study aims to investigate all the listed and OTC corporations during the period from January to December, 2014. It divides both daily listed and OTC corporations into four categories respectively, including these two types of public corporations with increase and decrease of margin loan balance, as well as those with increase and decrease of stock loan balance. These eight categories, combined with net buy/sell of foreign investor, trust funds, dealers, are examined by the method of regression analysis. It can serve as an instrument for investors to ponder elements of the rise and fall of the stock market, helping them make more reasonable decision upon selection of investment targets. This study, through empirical analysis, shows the conclusion that figures of foreign investor and trust funds are more useful references for investors to purchase stocks of listed corporations, while the measurement of OTC corporations is able to be relied more on the index of trust funds and dealers.
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43

Gang, Li. "Impacts of institutional change on industrial economy: a China's automobile industry perspective." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/22705.

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China' s automobile industry is a perfect example of institutional change it went through a series of development stages including the shaping up of industrial system, rapid expansion, and competitiveness improvement, as the industry’s policy system and the implementation effects improve. Our main studies and conclusions include: (1) Review and analysis of institutional change and the development of China’s automobile industry. The continuous improvement of the policy system of China’s automobile industry, a s re presented by the above mentioned policies, as well as their implementation effects are the main drivers behind China’s ever improving independent R&D capability and global competitiveness. (2) Quantitative analysis of the characteristics of the impacts of institutional change on China’s automobile industry. As the research shows, the growth process of China's automobile industry and its key influencing factors can be described with the Cobb Douglas production function model containing institutional variable s. The intensity of the impact of institutional change variables on the automobile industry changes significantly over time. (3) Case study on the impacts of institutional change on China's automobile industry. As shown in the study, the automobile industry policy plays a significant role in driving the development of Chinese automobile companies who should therefore take such opportunities to enhance technological innovation, resource integration and other abilities.
A indústria automobilística da China é um exemplo perfeito de mudança institucional passou por uma série de estágios de desenvolvimento, incluindo a formação do sistema industrial, a expansão rápida e a melhoria da competitividade, à medida que o sistema de políticas industriais e os efeitos da sua implementação melhoraram. Esta tese analisou as mudanças institucionais e o desenvolvimento da indústria automobilística chinesa. Em nossa opinião as mudanças institucionais que se consubstanciaram em políticas industriais para o setor automobilístico contribuíram para a crescente capacidade independente de pesquisa e desenvolvimento da indústria e da sua competitividade global . Procedemos também a uma análise quantitativa sobre as características do impacto das mudanças institucionais na indústria automobilística chinesa. Como mostra a nossa pesquisa, o processo de crescimento da indústria automobilística chinesa e seus principais fatores de influência podem ser descritos com o modelo de função de produção Cobb Douglas, introduzindo variáveis institucionais. A intensidade do impacto das variáveis de mudança institucional na indústria automobilística muda significativamen te a o longo do tempo. Procedemos também a um estudo de caso sobre os impactos das mudanças institucionais na indústria automobilística chinesa. Como mostra o estudo, as políticas industriais referentes à indústria automobilística desempenham um papel importante no desenvolvimento das empresas automobilísticas chinesas. As empresas devem estar atentas a estas políticas e aproveitar as oportunidades para aprimorar a inovação tecnológica, a integração de recursos e outras competências.
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44

Wu, Shan-Chi, and 吳姍錡. "The Impacts of Accounting Conservatism and Corporate Governance on the Institutional Investors'' Shareholdings." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ynz956.

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碩士
國立中興大學
會計學研究所
106
The study uses institutional investors with more resources as the target to explore the impact of the establishment of corporate governance mechanisms and the level of accounting conservatism made on the institutional investors’ shareholdings. Furthermore, the institutional investor’s shareholdings are divided into two categories, long-term holders and short-term operators, depending on effectively monitoring the company or not. The results find that compared to short-term operators, long-term holding institutions will care more about the degree of adopting accounting conservatism and the establishment of corporate governance mechanisms. We use Cscore proposed by Khan and Watts (2009) to measure accounting conservatism and collect observations from US Stock Exchange during 2005-2015. The empirical results show that on one hand, companies adopting accounting conservatism to produce financial statements will reduce the willingness of institutional investors shareholdings. On the other hand, establishing with stronger governance mechanisms will increase shareholdings of institutional investors and give more positive appraisal of such companies. Finally, compared with investors in short-term operating institutions, long-term institutional holders are more willing to choose companies with better corporate governance mechanisms and lower levels of accounting conservatism as investing targets.
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45

Pham, Hoai-Nam, and 范懷南. "The Vietnam institutional environments and their impacts on the strategies of foreign construction firms." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48605262566044410455.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
102
Foreign investors entering emerging markets have to take strategic decisions on where and how to set up operations. These decisions have to accommodate institutional conditions that vary not only between countries, but also within the host economy. Moreover, in Vietnam transition economy, institution changes rapidly as government carried out many reforms create substantial barriers to foreign investors. We offer a whole picture about institutional changes in Vietnam. We also bring a theoretical framework to analyze how institutions in an emerging economy influence entry strategy decisions of foreign construction firms. On this basis, we analyze the determinants of two key aspects of entry strategy: location and entry mode in Vietnam. We find that sub-national institutional variables have a significant influence on both dimensions. The availability of scarce resources affects the location of FDI and the likelihood of Greenfield entry. Institutional pressures arising from incumbent state-owned firms lead to a preference for joint venture entry. Transparency and ability access to information are important to attract foreign investment, especially in form of Greenfield. In Vietnam, the South has better institutional performance than the North, but difference in region does not influence the entry strategies of foreign construction firms.
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46

Lin, Yu-Sheng, and 林育昇. "The Impacts of Institutional Future and Option Trading Volume on Stock and Future Rerurns." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12987976457242230984.

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碩士
國立中央大學
財務金融研究所
97
Previous studies indicate that institutional investors perform better than individual investors. This study uses the VAR model to investigate the relationship between institutional investors'' trading volume and market returns of Taiwanese markets during the period from December 14, 2000 to December 14, 2005. The results reveal that foreign investors have the largest impact on stock and future return. However, none of the institutional investors'' option trading volume can significantly affect stock and future returns. Besides, the results also reveal that stock market lead future market and spill out information. In the analysis of institutional investors'' behavior, foreign institutional investors and domestic institutional investors employ contrarian strategy in futures market.
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47

Denniston, Ryan. "Causes and Impacts of Institutional and Structural Variation: Globalization in the Tobacco and Pork Industries." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3039.

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Among the most significant changes to the agricultural sector in the twentieth century include a sharp decline in employment and the numbers of farms, a decline in the proportion of total value that accrues to agricultural producers, and an increase in farm level and regional specialization. Within the U.S., substantial differences in the characteristics of agricultural producers and the spatial distribution of production persist amid industry change. These changes coincided with changes in global markets, domestic consumption, consolidation and concentration within the processing and retailing sectors, and government policy. The causality that lies behind these developments is the key puzzle that this study addresses.

This study advances an institutional explanation of industry formation across locations within the U.S. Differences in industry constitution at the local level produce different impacts of and responses to global markets, reflected by economic changes and policy developments, as actors work to secure stability and advantage in markets (Fligstein 2001). This study uses the global value chains' definition of the industry, which incorporates the network of actors arrayed along a process of production, to capture the set of actors with the capacity to affect industry operation (Gereffi 1994). An assessment of the relative importance of local economic characteristics, global markets, organization and coordination within industries, and government policies to where production locates in the primary objective of the study.

The pork and non-cigar tobacco industries across several states within the United States from 1959 through 2005 allow for a contrast along the key changes identified above. Within case comparison is used to construct causal narratives of industry change at the state level. Panel and pooled time series analysis assess the relative importance the factors to agricultural change.

Local economic characteristics largely fade from significance with the inclusion of the theoretical perspectives. Total and net trade in agricultural and manufactured products is generally significant across industries for production, although this is not the case for specific tobacco types. The proportion of farms composed of small farms is significant for production and for farm structure in both industries. The presence of manufacture is significant for hog production and could not be assessed for tobacco. While federal policies are broadly significant for the tobacco industry, identified state policies exhibit few consistent effects for hog production. Importantly, farm structure measures were only available for Census years, which reduces sample size. Second, many of the measures are industry-specific, which reduces comparability.


Dissertation
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48

Fang, Jen-Hua, and 方仁華. "The Impacts of institutional Reform Towards Organisation --On The Cases of Public-owned Hospitals in Taiwan." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11228752459173729279.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
89
There were few studies focusing on the cultural characteristics of the organizational culture in Publicly-owned Hospitals (POHs) managed and controlled by Ministry of Health (MOH), and the relationship between institutional transformation and cultural changes. Therefore, this research has aimed to explore these important, yet ignored, issues in Taiwan. Theoretically, the system or institutional change should have significant impacts towards organizational culture, which, then hence, influences POHs’performance and efficiency. The study has sampled eleven POHs for this research and compared several organizational attributes systematically. The first result, followed by the comparison of organizational culture, has proved that POHs have conservative and bureaucratic organizational culture in common, but are significantly different in terms of teamwork, origination, and cost efficiency. By sequentially adopting Grouping Analysis, Layer Analysis, and Interrelation Analysis, results have suggested that both the difference of organizational culture and institutional transformation is highly related to their performance. That is: those hospitals have higher degree of institutional transformation tend to outperform in teamwork and cost efficiency; the institutional transformation in POHs is indeed in positive relation to the organizational performance, and vice versa. However, the research finds the evidence of cultural rigidity in POHs. Even though there is some performance improvement followed by introducing organizational transformation, it still seemed to have little impacts on the bases of their fundamental culture elements, such as conservatism and bureaucratic. The possible explanation might be that the so-called “organizational transformation”measures adopting by POHs are merely operational or strategic change, rather than real organizational transformation. If greater degree of organizational change is desired, .the reform measures should be more revolutionary to change the mentality and mindset of people in POHs.
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49

Tuliao, Kristine Velasquez, and Kristine Velasquez Tuliao. "EMPLOYEES’ CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: A CROSS-LEVEL EXAMINATION ON THE IMPACTS OF INSTITUTIONAL IMPORTANCE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x6msjc.

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博士
國立臺灣科技大學
企業管理系
106
This study seeks to advance the application of institutional anomie theory (IAT) by assessing its arguments in both the micro- and macro-levels for further understanding of employees’ organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Specifically, this study investigates the relationships between the importance given to primary social institutions and the two forms of employees’ demonstration of OCB. In addition, a cross-level analysis is executed to consider the substantial role of the organization in this relationship. Particularly, the moderating effects of the dimensions of organizational climate to the association between the importance given to social institutions and OCB are tested. To empirically evaluate the proposed arguments, data were collected from various banks in the Philippines. By employing hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) method, data from 243 employees from 34 banks revealed significant and positive impacts of institutional importance and OCB. Significant interaction effects of organizational climate dimensions to the institutional importance–OCB relationship were also observed. Findings of this study provided support to some of the original propositions, while the others were opposite to the hypothesized direction. This research then offers new insights that are relevant to researchers, the organizations, and even the public in fostering shared values as well as in motivating pro-social and pro-organizational behaviors.
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50

Liao, Chin-Hsiang, and 廖進祥. "The Impacts of the Institutional Investors Trade Activity on volatility in Taiwan Stock and Futures Markets." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nme385.

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碩士
淡江大學
財務金融學系碩士在職專班
106
The purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of the institutional investors trade activity on volatility in taiwan stock and futures markets from the theoretical and empirical perspectives. This paper intends to analyze the volatility clustering of the financial time series data by using a Bivariate GARCH model, and then discuss the impact of the institutional investors trade activity on volatility in Taiwan stock and futures markets. The data period is from July 2, 2007 to August 25, 2017, with 2516 daily data in the Taiwan stock and futures markets. After the empirical results, it was found that: 1. The net buy/sell in Foreign stock has a greater impact on Taiwan futures market than Taiwan stock. 2. The long and short trade contracts of foreign trading in futures markets has a greater impact on Taiwan futures markets than Taiwan stock. 3. The long and short net open interest of foreign trading in futures markets has a greater impact on Taiwan futures markets than Taiwan stock. 4. Among the institutional investors, the net buy/sell of foreign trading in stock has a greater impact on stock and futures markets than the trust net and the dealers. 5. Among the institutional investors, the investment of the trust net in futures markets (quantity) has more influence on stock and futures markets (price) than foreign investment and the dealers. 6. The relationship between the open interest in the futures markets of the institutional investors and stock and futures markets (price) is negative.
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