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Journal articles on the topic 'Institutional instability'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Honningdal Grytten, Ola, and Viktoriia Koilo. "Financial instability, institutional development and economic crisis in Eastern Europe." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 16, no. 3 (2019): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(3).2019.16.

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This paper sheds light on the financial crisis of 2008–2010 in eleven emerging Eastern European economies (EE11): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Romania, Tajikistan and Ukraine. The aim is twofold. In the first place it seeks to find out if the financial instability hypothesis, as put forward by Minsky and Kindleberger, is a valid explanatory factor for the crisis. Secondly, it tries to map if general institutional frameworks of these countries were developed in order to stand against the factors leading into the financial crisis.To a

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2

Tang, Puay. "Institutional instability, governance and telematics." Review of International Political Economy 2, no. 4 (1995): 567–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09692299508434334.

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BERGGREN, NICLAS, ANDREAS BERGH, and CHRISTIAN BJØRNSKOV. "The growth effects of institutional instability." Journal of Institutional Economics 8, no. 2 (2011): 187–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137411000488.

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Abstract:We study the effects of institutional instability on growth. Using principal components analysis, we construct measures of institutional quality and instability from the political risk index of the International Country Risk Guide. A panel-data analysis of 132 countries during 1984–2004 reveals that institutional quality, especially with regard to the legal system and the protection of property rights, is positively linked to growth. As for institutional instability, we find evidence of a positive relationship in rich countries but a negative link in poor countries, suggesting that in

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4

Perkins, Miriam Y. "Greenscreen teaching: Institutional instability and classroom innovation." Teaching Theology & Religion 20, no. 4 (2017): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/teth.12407.

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5

GASANOV, Sergіi. "Structural reforms under institutional uncertainty and financial instability." Naukovi pratsi NDFI 2017, no. 1 (2017): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33763/npndfi2017.01.041.

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6

Baistrocchi, Eduardo. "Tax Disputes under Institutional Instability: Theory and Implications." Modern Law Review 75, no. 4 (2012): 547–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.2012.00914.x.

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7

Melo, Marcus André. "Institutional Weakness and the Puzzle of Argentina's Low Taxation." Latin American Politics and Society 49, no. 04 (2007): 115–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2007.tb00394.x.

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AbstractCurrent explanations of taxation levels have identified a host of factors, such as levels of economic development and GDP per capita, tax handles, tax morale, and political regimes. But none of them can account for Argentina's exceptionalism. Using a “transaction cost politics” approach and the case of Brazil for comparison, this article argues that the key to explaining low taxation in Argentina is political instability. Systemic instability affects the tax behavior of governments. Facing an uncertain future, incumbent governments choose to extract resources from society through infla

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8

Cho, Joonmo. "Flexibility, instability and institutional insecurity in Korean labor market." Journal of Policy Modeling 26, no. 3 (2004): 315–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2004.03.006.

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9

Masino, Serena. "Macroeconomic Volatility, Institutional Instability and the Incentive to Innovate." Review of Development Economics 19, no. 1 (2015): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12127.

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10

Gates, Scott, Håvard Hegre, Mark P. Jones, and Håvard Strand. "Institutional Inconsistency and Political Instability: Polity Duration, 1800?2000." American Journal of Political Science 50, no. 4 (2006): 893–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00222.x.

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Bennett, Jeremy M., Mias Pretorius, Rashid M. Ahmad, and Susan S. Eagle. "Hemodynamic instability in patients undergoing pulmonary embolectomy: institutional experience." Journal of Clinical Anesthesia 27, no. 3 (2015): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2014.10.007.

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12

Ülgen, Faruk. "Schumpeterian innovations, financial innovations and instability: An institutional perspective." Cuadernos de Economía 38, no. 106 (2015): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cesjef.2014.09.003.

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13

BASABE-SERRANO, SANTIAGO. "Judges without Robes and Judicial Voting in Contexts of Institutional Instability: The Case of Ecuador's Constitutional Court, 1999–2007." Journal of Latin American Studies 44, no. 1 (2012): 127–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x1100112x.

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AbstractThis article develops and utilises an ideal point index of judges to explain why they may cast conviction-based votes in contexts of institutional instability. In it, I modify the classic argument that an increase in institutional instability causes a commensurate increase in the likelihood of strategic voting. By instead proposing a curvilinear relationship between these two variables, the article proposes that, irrespective of the term length of the judges, an increase in institutional instability increases the probability of strategic voting only to a given point, after which, parad

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14

Yushko, Igor. "The overall efficiency of the major banks in the global financial instability." Banks and Bank Systems 11, no. 4 (2016): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.11(4).2016.06.

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The urgency of the issue is due to the change of major banks functioning conditions in accordance with permanent risks, that global financial instability bears, fiscal and monetary regulation enforcement on national financial markets and from the side of supernational institutions of global financial market regulation. The aim of the paper is the research of overall efficiency of the major banks in the global financial instability. The comparative analysis of overall and individual meanings of bank products and services (earnings) sales values, net profit, assets volume, market value of major

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15

Graham, Michael, and Alfred Yawson. "The impact of institutional shareholding on firm income instability risk: Evidence from Finland." Corporate Ownership and Control 4, no. 3 (2007): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv4i3c2p5.

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We empirically examine the effect of institutional shareholding on firm risk-taking, narrowly defined. We categorize institutional shareholding into those with both investment and business relationships with the firms in which they own equity stakes (termed pressure-sensitive institutions), and institutions with only an investment relationship with the firm (termed pressure-resistant). The results suggest a differential impact of different institutional investors on firm risk-taking

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16

Bernhard, Michael. "Chronic Instability and the Limits of Path Dependence." Perspectives on Politics 13, no. 4 (2015): 976–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592715002261.

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Historical institutionalism challenged older forms of comparative historical analysis by moving away from purely structural explanations of historical outcomes. Instead it posited that there were critical junctures in which actors chose between institutional alternatives, which in turn led to path dependence. I examine a phenomenon neglected both by historical institutionalism and older forms of historical analysis—chronic instability. Instead of institutional lock-in, some junctures lead to periods of instability in which a series of regimes replace each other in rapid succession. Three diffe

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17

Wallander, Celeste A. "Institutional Assets and Adaptability: NATO After the Cold War." International Organization 54, no. 4 (2000): 705–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002081800551343.

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The puzzle of NATO's persistence is best addressed as part of a larger inquiry into institutional change. Institutions persist because they are costly to create and less costly to maintain, but this institutionalist argument is incomplete. Whether institutions adapt to change depends on whether their norms, rules, and procedures are specific or general assets and on whether the asset mix matches the kinds of security problems faced by their members. Assets specific to coping with external threats will not be useful for coping with problems of instability and mistrust, so alliances with only th

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18

Campos, Nauro, Menelaos Karanasos, Panagiotis Koutroumpis, and Zihui Zhang. "Political instability, institutional change and economic growth in Brazil since 1870." Journal of Institutional Economics 16, no. 6 (2020): 883–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174413742000020x.

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AbstractAre institutions a deep cause of economic growth? This paper tries to answer this question in a novel manner by focusing on within-country variation, over long periods of time, using a new hand-collected data set on institutions and the power-ARCH econometric framework. Focusing on the case of Brazil since 1870, our results suggest (a) that both changes in formal political institutions and informal political instability affect economic growth negatively, (b) there are important differences in terms of their short- versus long-run behaviour, and (c) not all but just a few selected insti

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19

Fiorino, Theresa, and David Ostergren. "Institutional Instability and the Challenges of Protected Area Management in Russia." Society & Natural Resources 25, no. 2 (2012): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2011.603142.

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20

Gölgeci, Ismail, Ahmad Arslan, Desislava Dikova, and David M. Gligor. "Resilient agility in volatile economies: institutional and organizational antecedents." Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, no. 1 (2019): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-02-2019-0033.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the interplay between resilience and agility in explicating the concept of resilient agility and discuss institutional and organizational antecedents of resilient agility in volatile economies. Design/methodology/approach The authors develop a conceptual framework that offers an original account of underlying means of ambidextrous capabilities for organizational change and behaviors in volatile economies and how firms stay both resilient and agile in such contexts. Findings The authors suggest that resilient agility, an ambidextrous capability

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21

Bottom, William P., Cheryl L. Eavey, Gary J. Miller, and Jennifer Nicoll Victor. "The Institutional Effect on Majority Rule Instability: Bicameralism in Spatial Policy Decisions." American Journal of Political Science 44, no. 3 (2000): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2669262.

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22

Margonis, Georgios Antonios, Stefan Buettner, Doris Wagner, et al. "Microsatellite instability in resectable colorectal liver metastasis: An international multi-institutional analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 4_suppl (2018): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.220.

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220 Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is associated with favorable prognosis and distinct response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy for non-metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, studies suggest that MSI may have minimal prognostic impact for widely metastatic CRC. Whether MSI is prognostic for the subset of patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) remains unknown. In this study, we analyze the impact of MSI status on patients with CRLM in the largest cohort reported to date. Methods: Patients who underwent curative-intent resection for CRLM between 2003 an

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23

Theuerkauf, Ulrike G. "Institutional Design and Ethnic Violence: Do Grievances Help to Explain Ethnopolitical Instability?" Civil Wars 12, no. 1-2 (2010): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698249.2010.486121.

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24

Bonnín Roca, Jaime, Parth Vaishnav, Granger M. Morgan, Erica Fuchs, and Joana Mendonça. "Technology Forgiveness: Why emerging technologies differ in their resilience to institutional instability." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 166 (May 2021): 120599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120599.

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25

Streltsov, Evgeny Sergeevich, Viktoriia Vladimirovna Isaeva, Violetta Marselevna Dalyanova, Alina Pavlovna Vozdvizhenskaia, and Dina Sergeevna Karsakova. "International political uncertainty and institutional instability as a response to COVID-19." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3C (2021): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173c1583p.218-225.

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The article examines the features of international political uncertainty and institutional instability that act as a reaction to COVID-19. It is concluding that the greater the "non-stationary" component of the business environment, the less important are the long-term dynamic opportunities and the less reliable are the models aimed at predicting policy changes. By focusing exclusively on the basic institutions or specific risks, a firm can easily lose sight of where, why and by whom the unknowns are generated, and what this threatens it in the future. This implies the need for greater progres

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26

Bondezan, Kezia de Lucas, Francisco José Veiga, and Joilson Dias. "INSTITUTIONS, GOVERNMENT STABILITY AND HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION." Revista de Economia e Agronegócio 17, no. 2 (2019): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25070/rea.v17i2.7927.

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The objective of this paper is to study the influence of institutional quality on the human capital accumulation process. This paper builds on prior theoretical developments which establish a micro-foundation link between human capital accumulation and institutional quality. Using a panel data series from 1960 to 2010, we observe that political instability and institutional quality do affect long-term human capital accumulation. Greater political stability and better institutions clearly foster human capital growth, thus promoting economic growth and prosperity.

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27

Borovskaya, L. V. "ESSENCE AND CHARACTERISTIC OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS AND INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 21, no. 5 (2017): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2017-21-5-107-113.

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The structure of the national model of social and economic development is considered in the composition of types and subtypes of the economic system, taking into account the types of macroeconomic policy and the sector of the national economy, the nature of institutional transformations and institutional changes in the national economy is described, types of modern transformations or choice of alternative development options are identified. The difference between institutional changes and institutional transformations is revealed, namely institutional transformations and institutional changes

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28

Shinoda, Tomohito. "Japan's Failed Experiment: The DPJ and Institutional Change for Political Leadership." Asian Survey 52, no. 5 (2012): 799–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2012.52.5.799.

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Abstract With the establishment of the DPJ government, Prime Minister Hatoyama Yukio introduced a series of institutional changes in order to transform the existing bureaucracy-controlled government and to establish political leadership. These changes, however, created instability and irregularity in Japanese politics. As a result, they were reversed by his successors.

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Javid, Attiya Y., Umaima Arif, and Asma Arif. "Economic, Political and Institutional Determinants of Budget Deficits Volatility in Selected Asian Countries." Pakistan Development Review 50, no. 4II (2011): 649–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v50i4iipp.649-662.

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In the present study the economic, political and institutional sources of budgets deficits are analysed for two regions South Asia and ASEAN countries for the period 1984 to 2010. The results reveal that high income, rising inflation and large budget to GDP ratio are associated with budget instability, where as a strong inertia in budget deficit volatility exists. The exposure of more external shocks make the budget deficit more volatile, however, countries with high population growth have less volatile budget deficits. The results indicate that high level of political stability and democracy

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Levin, John S., Aida Aliyeva, and Laurencia Walker. "From Community College to University: Institutionalization and Neoliberalism in British Columbia and Alberta." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 46, no. 2 (2016): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v46i2.185905.

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This qualitative investigation of higher education institutional development addresses new universities that were former community colleges in the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta. Stemming from an original study conducted nearly two decades earlier, this investigation’s data were collected from the same institutions and from similar sources: institutional documents, government policies, and interviews from faculty and administrators; thus, qualifying as a longitudinal qualitative investigation. This investigation explains institutional instability and identity change as a result of n

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31

Sharma, Jeevan Kumar, Kalyan Kumar Varma Kalidindi, Gururaj Sangondimath, Abhinandan Reddy Mallepally, Nandan Marathe, and Harvinder Singh Chhabra. "Clinicoradiological outcomes of Goel and Harms fixation for atlantoaxial instability: An institutional experience." Surgical Neurology International 11 (July 11, 2020): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_350_2020.

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Background: Few studies have reported on the long-term outcomes of Goel and Harms C1-C2 fusions in the Asian population. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 53 patients undergoing Goel and Harms fixation (2010 –2018). Clinical outcomes were assessed utilizing the neck disability index (NDI), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, and visual analog scale (VAS). Outcomes were then correlated with fusion rates (using dynamic X-rays), atlanto-dens interval (ADI), and space available for cord (SAC) data. Results: The study’s 53 patients averaged 49.98 years of age and included 42 ma

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Sardhara, Jayesh, Suyash Singh, Vandan Raiyani, et al. "Craniovertebral junction instability in Larsen syndrome: An institutional series and review of literature." Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine 11, no. 4 (2020): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_164_20.

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33

Zhukova, L. "INSTITUTIONAL STATUS OF THE STATE IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INSTABILITY." Ekonomika ta derzhava, no. 6 (July 4, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32702/2306-6806.2019.6.32.

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Kulati, Tembile. "Governance, leadership and institutional change in South African higher education: Grappling with instability." Tertiary Education and Management 6, no. 3 (2000): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13583883.2000.9967022.

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MOKIY, Anatoliy, Kateryna ANTONIUK, and Dmytro ANTONIUK. "MODELING OF MULTI-AGENT INTERACTION IN CONSUMPTION SECURING IN CONDITIONS OF INSTITUTIONAL INSTABILITY." Economy of Ukraine 2021, no. 8 (2021): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2021.08.003.

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Theoretical and methodological aspects of research of consumption safety as the ability of the state, society and business to create the preconditions for conscious satisfaction of human needs for self-reproduction to protect the health of the nation and the environment as imperatives for future development are developed. It is proposed to consider the process of consumption securing from the standpoint of harmonizing the interests of society, business and government in forming the basis for sustainable consumption and production in a strategic perspective. The chaos of self-organization proce

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36

KOZIUK, Viktor. "MACROFINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF CENTRAL BANKS: THEORETICAL FOUNDATION AND INSTITUTIONAL DILEMMAS." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 2(55) (2018): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2018.02.089.

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Introduction. Prediction that price stability as well as inflation targeting in commodity rich countries is very fragile typically based on logical relation between commodity prices fluctuations and macroeconomic instability. But in the same time, while counter-cyclical instruments appear, commodity prices shock should be taken as supply shock. Thus, inflation instability in resource rich countries should be taken as consequences of macroeconomic mismanagement. Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to validate rejection of fatalism in negative influence of resource richness on price stability.

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Ndoricimpa, Arcade. "Greed of the elite; capital flight from a fragile country: case of Burundi." Journal of Financial Crime 25, no. 2 (2018): 598–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-11-2016-0075.

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Purpose This study aims to undertake an institutional analysis of capital flight and examine the drivers of capital flight from Burundi. Design/methodology/approach Given the episodes of political instability and poor governance which have characterized Burundi’s landscape in the past decades, coupled with macroeconomic instability which has been prevailing, political, economic and institutional factors are used to explain the trend and magnitude of capital flight which were recorded. An econometric analysis using robust least squares is also used to examine the determinants of capital flight

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Acosta, Andrés Mejía, and John Polga-Hecimovich. "Coalition Erosion and Presidential Instability in Ecuador." Latin American Politics and Society 53, no. 2 (2011): 87–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2011.00118.x.

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AbstractThis article advances the idea that coalition formation and maintenance in highly fragmented presidential regimes is not only crucial to overcoming policy deadlock, but in some cases, critical to ensuring government survival. To advance this argument, the article looks at the formation and demise of legislative coalitions in Ecuador between 1979 and 2006. The empirical data suggest that paradoxically, government coalitions became more difficult to sustain after the adoption of institutional reforms intended to strengthen the president's legislative powers. The adoption of those reforms

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39

Sussman, Nathan, and Yishay Yafeh. "Institutional Reforms, Financial Development and Sovereign Debt: Britain 1690–1790." Journal of Economic History 66, no. 4 (2006): 906–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050706000374.

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We revisit the evidence on the relations between institutions, the cost of government debt, and financial development in Britain (1690–1790) and find that interest rates remained high and volatile for four decades after the Glorious Revolution, partly due to wars and instability; British interest rates co-moved with those in Holland; Debt per capita remained lower in Britain than in Holland until around 1780; and Britain did not borrow at lower rates than European countries with more limited protection of property rights. We conclude that, in the short run, institutional reforms are not reward

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40

Kim, Hong-Bum, and Chung H. Lee. "Financial Reform, Institutional Interdependency, and Supervisory Failure in Postcrisis Korea." Journal of East Asian Studies 6, no. 3 (2006): 409–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800004641.

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In the aftermath of the economic crisis of 1997–1998, South Korea undertook a number of reforms in financial supervision. Questions have been raised, however, as to whether Korea has in fact succeeded in creating a system of financial supervision capable of dealing with certain risks and responding to new challenges. This article examines Korea's recent experience in financial instability resulting from misconduct by credit card companies as a case in point and argues that the postcrisis reform in financial supervision was limited to changing formal institutions for financial supervision and t

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NAKAMURA, ALICE ORCUTT. "IRVING FISHER’S PROGENY AND THE 2008 FINANCIAL CRISIS." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 35, no. 2 (2013): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837213000060.

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Irving Fisher believed in evidence-based decision making. This paper considers how three aspects of Fisher’s methodology could be useful now in the quest to deal with U.S. financial instability: (1) his institutional approach; (2) his efforts to use index number theory as a means to improve official statistics data; and (3) his interest in automating aspects of data analyses. The paper concludes with a call to action for Fisher’s progeny. Actions to solve US financial instability are surely the most fitting possible tribute to Irving Fisher.

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Colomer, Josep M. "Taming the Tiger: Voting Rights and Political Instability in Latin America." Latin American Politics and Society 46, no. 2 (2004): 29–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2004.tb00273.x.

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AbstractThis article discusses the relationship between certain institutional regulations of voting rights and elections, different levels of electoral participation, and the degree of political instability in several Latin American political experiences. A formal model specifies the hypotheses that sudden enlargements of the electorate may provoke high levels of political instability, especially under plurality and other restrictive electoral rules, while gradual enlargements of the electorate may prevent much electoral and political innovation and help stability. Empirical data illustrate th

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43

Wilson, Christopher, Mariana Hoyos, Andrew Huh, et al. "Institutional review of the management of type II odontoid fractures: associations and outcomes with fibrous union." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 34, no. 4 (2021): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.8.spine20860.

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OBJECTIVE Type II odontoid fractures may be managed operatively or nonoperatively. If managed with bracing, bony union may never occur despite stability. This phenomenon is termed fibrous union. The authors aimed to determine associations with stable fibrous union and compare the morbidity of patients managed operatively and nonoperatively. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective review of their spine trauma database for adults with type II odontoid fractures between 2015 and 2019. Two-sample t-tests and Fisher’s exact tests identified associations with follow-up stability and were used

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44

Haber, Stephen, and Armando Razo. "Political Instability And Economic Performance: Evidence from Revolutionary Mexico." World Politics 51, no. 1 (1998): 99–143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100007802.

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What is the relationship between political instability and economic growth? This article examines this question using insights from the new institutional economics applied to a canonical case: revolutionary Mexico. The authors argue that investment and growth during and after the revolution were less affected by political instability than one might predict based on the extant theoretical and empirical literature. They find that while investor expectations, output, and productivity were sensitive to the interdiction of factor and product markets during the years of intense revolutionary violenc

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45

El-Bassiouny, Dina, and Peter Letmathe. "Political instability and corporate social responsibility: the case of Egypt." Social Responsibility Journal 16, no. 5 (2019): 745–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-11-2018-0289.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of political uncertainty and instability caused by the 2011 Egyptian revolution on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of Egyptian firms. The study provides empirical evidence to support the link between political instability, financial performance, stock market uncertainty and CSR in the post-revolution context of Egypt. Design/methodology/approach Data on CSR practices in Egypt were collected through a survey of Egyptian firms and content analysis of annual reports from publicly traded firms. The final survey sample consisted of 9

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Mbaku, John Mukum. "Political Instability and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Further Evidence." Review of Black Political Economy 20, no. 4 (1992): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02696979.

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After more than three decades of independence, many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have not yet developed stable political systems. Since the 1960s, when African countries began to achieve independence, many of them have encountered significant levels of institutional instability. In recent years, political violence has emerged as the most common method of governmental change. In this study, the effects of political violence on economic and human development in Sub-Saharan Africa are examined. It is seen that political instability is a significant constraint to the improvement of the human co

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47

PUSTOVIIT, Robert, and Oleg KUKLIN. "THE IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AND RISKS OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY ON THE STATE ECONOMY." Economy of Ukraine 2020, no. 2 (2020): 24–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2020.02.024.

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48

Hughes, Melanie M. "Windows of Political Opportunity: Institutional Instability and Gender Inequality in the World's National Legislatures." International Journal of Sociology 37, no. 4 (2007): 26–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ijs0020-7659370402.

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Vahidnia, Hamid, Abdallah Assaf, Ronald Mitchell, Brock Smith, and Kristie K. Seawright. "The Effects of Political Instability and Institutional Support on the Selection of Social Ties." Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (2014): 15306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.15306abstract.

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Stapleton, Larry. "Control Systems and International Institutional Instability: An Agenda for CC9 & TC 9-5." IFAC-PapersOnLine 48, no. 24 (2015): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.12.054.

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