Relevant bibliographies by topics / Institutional Scheme

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Institutional Scheme'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Institutional Scheme"

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Mwadzingeni, Liboster, Raymond Mugandani, and Paramu Mafongoya. "Localized Institutional Actors and Smallholder Irrigation Scheme Performance in Limpopo Province of South Africa." Agriculture 10, no. 9 (2020): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10090418.

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Poor performance bedeviling SISs in South Africa is attributed to poor institutional integration, consequently impacting service delivery. Despite this, local institutional actors (LIAs)’ role has not been documented as a potential entry point to address poor performance and hence increase SISs’ sustainability. This study sought to assess the role of LIAs on the performance of the Tshiombo irrigation scheme (TIS). Structured questionnaires, key informant interviews (KIIs), and focus group discussions (FDGs) were used for data collection. Yield data for sweet potato, the main crop grown in the scheme, was measured as a proxy indicator for performance. Ordinary least square regression model was used to assess the relationship between LIAs and scheme performance after reducing the data using principal component analysis. The study revealed that institutional factors such as community credit support, academic extension support, academic institution market and input support, community maintenance support, and community input support positively and significantly (at 5% level) improved the yield by a margin of 0.49, 0.12, 0.1, 0.36, and 0.10. Assessing institutional actors’ interaction within each scheme will help develop linkages that will enable sustainability of irrigation schemes. Out scaling of research on LIAs on irrigation scheme performance enhances scheme performance.
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Ekobi, Gabriel, and Lovelyne Mboh. "An Exploratory Study in to the Benefits and Challenges Facing Small-Scale Farmers in the Taung Irrigation Scheme, North West Province, South Africa." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 8, no. 1 (2018): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2018.8.1/1005.1.28.39.

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This study examined the benefits and challenges small-scale farmers faced in the Taung irrigation scheme. Irrigation schemes have been identified as the backbone in promoting agriculture in South Africa. Nevertheless, literature have shown that very few studies have been conducted on the benefits and challenges facing small-scale farmers in irrigation schemes, there is a need to supplement this gap. The findings contend that Taung irrigation scheme enabled small-scale framers to generate income. Income made in the scheme permitted small-scale farmers to purchase gardening tools such as watering cans, cattle ploughs and hoes to improve productivity. The scheme also provides a platform for farmers to produce more food therefore, a reduction in poverty incidence in the area. However, challenges such as lack of market, absence of institutional structure, farming capital, transport and loss of harvest through theft are affecting farmers on the scheme. Institutional structure is needed since it allows small-scale farmers to make decision regarding management of the scheme.
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Söderbaum, Peter. "Political Economic Person, Ideological Orientation and Institutional Change." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 12, no. 3 (2001): 179–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x01001200301.

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Institutions do not exist independently of individuals. Individuals relate to institutions in cognitive and emotional ways. In this essay emphasis will be on how individuals interpret various phenomena as part of their ideological orientation. A Political Economic Person will be suggested as an alternative to Economic Man. Human beings are assumed to be responsible actors with many roles and acting in a changing context from specific positions. In relation to a specific group of phenomena such as business corporations or markets, there are more than one language and scheme of interpretation that can be used by individuals. The choice and application of one scheme of interpretation is a political matter and part of the mentioned ideological orientation of the individual. Similarly, organisations such as business corporations have their value orientation, business concept, business ideology or mission statement, which suggest specific ways of interpreting the world. Taking environmental issues seriously may—as an example—lead to a questioning of simplistic ideas about business companies in terms of profits and shareholder values. New schemes of interpretation emerge connected for instance with Environmental Management Systems, such as ISO 14001 or the European Union version, EMAS. The existence of more than one scheme of interpretation in relation to business corporations as phenomena, makes it meaningful to speak of a competition between alternative schemes of interpretation and thereby between institutions. ISO 14001—pointing to an idea that not only the monetary performance of a company counts but also environmental performance—has become institutionalised and in some sense threatens other existing ideas about business.
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Laryea, Emmanuel, Dennis Ndonga, and Bosire Nyamori. "Kenya's Experience with Special Economic Zones: Legal and Policy Imperatives." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 28, no. 2 (2020): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2020.0309.

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In 2015, Kenya adopted a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy as one of its major economic growth and development pillars aimed at attracting investments to the country's manufacturing sector. However, the current SEZ scheme is not the first of such schemes adopted by Kenya – it is the latest in a string of schemes adopted in the last five decades. As the earlier schemes were mostly unsuccessful, the question is why would this new SEZ scheme succeed? This article examines Kenya's experience with SEZ. It assesses the scheme's legal and institutional framework, offers a critique of the scheme and makes some recommendations.
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Müller, Thomas. "The variety of institutionalised inequalities: Stratificatory interlinkages in interwar international society." Review of International Studies 45, no. 04 (2019): 669–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210519000020.

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AbstractThis article argues that the research on institutionalised inequalities pays too little attention to competing understandings of stratification and the variety of interlinkages between the patterns of stratification and the institutions of international society. Building on the English School and theories of stratification, it develops an analytical framework that conceptualises these ‘stratificatory interlinkages’ as a twofold decision: firstly for a coupling – instead of a decoupling – of institutional characteristics to patterns of stratification and secondly for a specific classification scheme and type of interlinkage. The article draws on empirical examples from the League of Nations and other interwar international institutions to demonstrate that different understandings of stratification and classification schemes were used for different institutional purposes, for example, voting rights and the apportionment of budget expenses. In addition, it proposes four analytical dimensions that allow mapping the variety of classification schemes and types of interlinkages that were chosen for institutionalised inequalities. The dimensions relate to the composition of the reference group, the decision-making about the classification scheme, the institutional purposes, and the institutional form of the interlinkage. The variety of stratificatory interlinkages entails a more variable and diverse relation between stratification and institutions than usually assumed.
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Malczyńska-Biały, Mira. "The schemes for institutional consumer protection in the European Union." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2017.22.3.14.

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The article is based on the analysis of the legal acts, literature concerning the subject and information found in the official website of the institution of protection. The work elaborates the scheme of institutional consumer protection developed in the European Union. Selected aspects of institutional and legal consumer protection matters were discussed. The institutions directly concerned with the creation of the consumer protection standards have been pointed out. Moreover, some of the institutional schemes of consumer protection in the selected States in EU were named. The final part of the article is the conclusion that elaborates the matter of importance of institutional consumer protection in the European Union.
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Berawi, M. A., Z. N. Affiandi, P. Miraj, and Gunawan. "Financial and institutional scheme of aerotropolis conceptual design." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 650 (October 29, 2019): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/650/1/012005.

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Carey, Gemma, Helen Dickinson, Eleanor Malbon, Megan Weier, and Gordon Duff. "Burdensome Administration and Its Risks: Competing Logics in Policy Implementation." Administration & Society 52, no. 9 (2020): 1362–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399720908666.

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Australia is currently undergoing significant social policy reform under the introduction of a personalized scheme for disability services: the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). This article explores the growing administrative burdens placed on disability providers operating under the new scheme, using an Australia-wide survey of the disability sector. The 2018 National Disability Services survey of the disability sector reveals that administrative burden is the most commented on challenge for providers. Moreover, providers linked this burden to questions concerning their financial sustainability and ability to continue to offer services within the NDIS. In this article, we explore the sources of these administrative burdens and their relationships with the institutional logics at play in the NDIS. In addition to documenting the impact of system change on the Australian disability service sector, this article raises questions regarding institutional hybridity within personalization schemes more broadly and whether they are a source of tension, innovation, or both.
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BROUWER, ROY, ABONESH TESFAYE, and PIETER PAUW. "Meta-analysis of institutional-economic factors explaining the environmental performance of payments for watershed services." Environmental Conservation 38, no. 4 (2011): 380–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892911000543.

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SUMMARYPayments for ecosystem services (PES) are a relatively new economic policy instrument, and the factors that drive and explain their environmental performance are poorly understood. Here a meta-analysis of causal relationships between the institutional design and environmental performance of 47 payments for watershed services (PWS) schemes worldwide showed a significant effect on environmental achievement of the terms and conditions of scheme participation, including the selection of service providers, community participation, the existence and monitoring of quantifiable objectives, and the number of intermediaries between service providers and buyers. Direct payments by downstream hydropower companies to upstream land owners for reduced sediment loads were identified as a successful PWS example. No other significant explanatory factors, such as specific type of watershed service, age or scale of implementation of the PWS scheme were detected. The results are highly dependent on the reliability of the input variables, in particular the measurement of the environmental performance variable. Despite efforts to find quantitative information on the environmental performance of existing PWS schemes, such empirical evidence is lacking in many of the schemes studied. International monitoring guidelines are needed to facilitate comparisons, identify success factors and support the future design of cost-effective PWS schemes.
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Gopal, Supragya Krishan, and Syed H. Mazhar. "Impact of Kisan Credit Card Scheme on Farmers in Kannauj District of Uttar Pradesh, India." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 42, no. 39 (2023): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i394254.

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Capital is the most important input in any sector in any country, and agriculture is no exception. The agricultural sector's performance and productivity are determined by the availability of capital for farming activities. As a result, the agriculture sector requires support or credit in order to grow and survive. Agriculture credit is desperately needed to improve the agricultural sector's performance and production. Before financial reforms, the main source of agriculture credit was non-institutional sources i.e. Sahukars, Mahajanas, Moneylenders etc. and they were providing credit facility to farmer households at very high interest rates. The study was carried out in purposively selected district of Kannauj, Uttar Pradesh. The present study has made an attempt to study as the Kisan Credit Card Scheme is being implemented in the district as well as the researcher is well acquainted with the area. 158 beneficiaries and 158 non-beneficiaries were selected randomly for the current study. The main objective of present study is to investigate the challenges and issues in the adoption of Kisan credit card scheme by farmer households and how much this scheme succeed in resolving the previous issues and challenges. Credit availability for agricultural activities is the crucial input for improving the performance and productivity of the agriculture sector. The research aims to find out the sources of finance before and after the adoption of KCC Scheme opted by farmer households for availing the credit to fulfill the capital requirement of agriculture and allied activities. The analysis demonstrates a considerable favorable change in recipients' preferred source of credit following the implementation of the KCC scheme. Following the implementation of the KCC Scheme, the beneficiaries' credit sources moved from non-institutional to institutional. The Kisan Credit Card schemes revolutionized rural financing in India. This study will be extremely useful in determining the best way to distribute the KCC plan.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Institutional Scheme"

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Buhr, Katarina. "Bringing aviation into the EU emissions trading scheme : institutional entrepreneurship at windows of opportunity /." Uppsala : Företagsekonomiska institutionen, Uppsala universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9505.

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Moon, Hyungyung. "Tracing the process of institutional change : the case of the National Pension Scheme reforms in South Korea." Thesis, University of York, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20895/.

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This thesis analyses the causal pathway through which the National Pension Scheme (NPS) in South Korea has been transformed. The scheme that was introduced in 1988 experienced two major reforms in 1998 and 2007, and they took place even before full pensioners who met minimum years of pension contributions existed. The aim of this thesis is to illuminate the way in which the two reforms unfolded, by investigating whether existing theories of welfare states can have explanatory power. Founded on historical institutionalism emphasising the dynamic interplay between institutions and actors, the research employs a process tracing method to unpack the causal mechanism of the NPS reforms. Given that current scholars discuss its methodological aspects mainly, this thesis attempts to put process tracing in practice. The thesis formulates the causal mechanism from Kim and Choi’s theory (2014) that pays attention to the role of welfare bureaucrats in the reform process, while examining the validity of other theoretical approaches too. Based on internal documents and elite interviews with those involved directly in the NPS reforms, the findings suggest that the welfare bureaucrats did play a primary role in reforming the scheme in a parametric way. Several welfare state theories are also tested to address the issue of equifinality. The findings indicate that Kim and Choi’s theory is highly likely to be the sole approach encompassing “both” reforms, while the 2007 reform requires further research for the validity of alternative theories such as policy transfer via international organisations and the impact of neoliberalism. Consequently, profound differences existed in pension politics between the pre-reforms and the period of the reforms. Through the case study, the research also reveals the strengths and weaknesses of process tracing as well as its application to political research, and makes suggestions for further research.
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Barmada, Warka. "Developing an institutional self-evaluation scheme in an ESP centre in the Arab world: rationale, experimentation and evaluation." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494439.

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Parker, Diane. "An Institutional Legacy. Experiences of women whose mothers were institutionalised under the British Child Migrant Scheme in Australia." Thesis, Parker, Diane (2018) An Institutional Legacy. Experiences of women whose mothers were institutionalised under the British Child Migrant Scheme in Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2018. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/45547/.

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This study investigates the experiences of eight participants whose mothers had been institutionalised as children in Australia. In particular, I have focussed on the daughters of Child Migrants, migrant children who had been brought to Australia and placed into institutional care under the British Child Migration Scheme, in the years immediately preceding and proceeding the Second World War. In 2001, the Australian government handed down the findings of the inquiry into the Child Migrants who had been sent out to Australia under the British/Australian child migration arrangements. The report, The Lost Innocents: Righting the Record, Report on Child Migration, (Australian Government, 2001) acknowledged that many of the Child Migrants who had been placed into the care of the Australian government had been subjected to a harsh and at times, brutal existence in Australian institutions. The investigation recognised that for some, it had been a positive experience. In 2004, another government report: The Forgotten Australians, (Australian Government, 2004) investigated the experiences of children who, for a variety of reasons, had been placed in out-of-home care in Australia during the 20th Century. This inquiry also found that institutional life for many of these children had been difficult and that their experiences had had negative impacts on their lives. In 2005, Murray and Rock in their report; Legacy of Growing Up In Care in 20th Century Australia, concluded that many of the hundreds of thousands of children who had been placed into the care of government authorities throughout 20th Century Australia, had been damaged both physically and emotionally by their incarceration. It is clear from the aforementioned investigations, that the lives of those in institutional care in Australia have been profoundly influenced by their institutional experiences. What is not so clear, is the impact of their experiences on the next generation. Whilst many of the submissions provided to the government inquiries included stories about the overwhelming regret of not being able to parent well and the fear that they had damaged their own children, investigations about children of Care-Leavers, particularly children of British Child Migrants, are minimal. This qualitative study makes an original contribution to the literature on the generational impact of institutionalisation and furthers the narrative of the British Child Migrant. Findings from the study are reported through portraits of the eight participant’s education, working lives, religious and sporting involvement as well as their family relationships and networks.
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Löschel, Ralf [Verfasser], and S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Berninghaus. "The European emissions trading scheme under imperfect competition : an economic analysis of the institutional framework / Ralf Löschel. Betreuer: S. Berninghaus." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1014100046/34.

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Yang, Xiaobo. "Institutional challenges and leadership competencies in Chinese Ministry of Education directed universities in implementing the 1999 Chinese action scheme for invigorating education towards the 21st century." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3336.

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This study used the naturalistic inquiry method to explore the perceptions of the selected administrators from Chinese Ministry of Education Directed universities regarding what kind of institutional challenges their institutions confront and how their institutions function in the present, how their own roles have been affected by the changing situations they face in their own contexts, and consequently, what are the competencies that universities leaders will need in their universities in the near future. Special emphases are placed on the differences that exist in the challenges facing Chinese MOE directed universities located in differently geographical, cultural and economical contexts, and the differences among the perceptions of current university leaders, aspiring leaders, and retired university leaders regarding institutional challenges and leadership competencies. In this study, eight kinds of challenges have been identified by selected Chinese university administrators. There are no substantial differences in perceptions of these eight kinds of challenges, for all these MOE-directed universities live in a similar policy environment; they are governed, funded and evaluated by the Ministry of Education. However, due to their personal background such as different ages, historical background and working experiences, they showed some differences in their perceptions more individually than as a group. According to the respondents’ reflections, the location of a university powerfully influences the university, positively or negatively. Being located in developed areas usually has a positive influence on a university. On the contrary, being located in undeveloped areas has a negative impact on a university. There are four categories of leadership competencies identified by the respondents: personality and disposition, personal knowledge and skill, administrative competency, and social responsibility competency. It is not surprising that administrators from these universities did not show substantial differences in their perceptions of leadership competency because members of all the groups live in a similar policy environment. However, due to their personal background, they actually showed some differences in their perceptions as individuals rather than as a group. The researcher found that university administrator training is absolutely necessary. However, the current training programs do not meet the demands, more needs to be done to improve the training programs through renewing training content and methods.
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Assadi, Sam. "Beyond the turning point of activation : Describing the characteristics and changes of Active Labour Market Policy in Sweden between 1991-2017." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-346829.

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This paper tries to contribute to the collective knowledge on Bonoli’s (2010) concept “The Activation Turn “, both as a phenomenon and a turning point for ALMP in Sweden. It is argued that the Activation Turn has been legitimized in four phases in Sweden (Identification, First organisation, Second organisation and Stabilisation phase, between years of 1991-2017). This thesis argues that the blueprint for understanding and exploring the Activation Turn as a phenomonenon is to capture and compare the discourse and how it has developed within the state during these four phases. Using two guiding research questions: How can we describe the characteristics of ALMP during each phase? And how have ALMP have changed in Sweden since the beginning of the 90’s? This paper has tried to answer these two questions by doing a content analysis that captures the dominating characteristics of ALMP during each phase and how they have changed. The analysis has been done with a help of a coding scheme, which is derived from a theoretical framework on the three elements of institutional legitimacy: regulative, normative, and cognitive element. After counting the number of coded references from 38 state documents, and then analysing and discussing the results, we came to two overall conclusions. First, there has not been an Activation Turn, shift or transformation of ALMP, since the beginning of the 90’s within the state discourse. Second, the development of ALMP in Sweden can be characterized as fairly stable and resilient against changes.
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SOROUSH, GOLNOUSH. "Three Essays in Energy Economics: Regulatory Aspects, Institutions and Innovation." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2742537.

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GUSTAVSON, LAURA MORTEN. "HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: A STRATEGY TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY AND AN EVALUATION SCHEME." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27932@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO<br>Este trabalho tem por objetivo propor um conjunto de ações em sustentabilidade e uma ferramenta de avaliação e monitoramento como estratégia de pavimentar o árido processo para que uma dada instituição possa ser reconhecida como sustentável. Para avaliar o grau de performance institucional das IESs, propõe-se um modelo analítico para o ambiente organizacional de uma IES em 4 dimensões: Administrativa, Sociocultural, Acadêmica e Operacional. Para cada dimensão, e à luz de um conjunto de 40 ações em sustentabilidade construídas para refletir o estado-da-arte das recomendações internacionalmente consensadas, três índices de sustentabilidade são propostos (índice de comprometimento, coerência e dificuldade na implementação das ações propostas). A motivação consiste em prover uma metodologia sistemática de implementação e avaliação de ações em sustentabilidade para IESs, contribuindo para que estas instituições possam alcançar seus objetivos em favor do desenvolvimento sustentável. A metodologia da pesquisa estruturou-se em três pilares: (i) pesquisa documental e bibliográfica em sustentabilidade; (ii) análise crítica de métricas e indicadores de sustentabilidade e (iii) validação da ferramenta aplicada a um grupo seleto de 21 IESs norte americanas de excelência internacionalmente reconhecida. Os resultados indicaram um grau de comprometimento Bom (IC igual 0.73) para essas IESs. Dentre as conclusões, a ferramenta de avaliação e monitoramento proposta mostrou-se eficaz para a identificação e análise do comprometimento e performance institucional de IESs no processo de implementação de ações de sustentabilidade. Em nível global, a ferramenta proposta não deve ser entendida como um fim em si mesma, mas como um instrumento-guia para o aperfeiçoamento contínuo.<br>The objective of this work is to propose a set of sustainability actions and an evaluation scheme as a strategy to guide Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in their efforts to become more sustainable. Structured into four dimensions (Administrative, Social & Cultural, Academic, and Operational) a set of forty strategic sustainability actions are created (ten per dimension), reflecting state-of-the-art international recommendations for best practices in sustainability. Based on the institutional fulfillment of these actions, three sustainability indices are proposed as a metric for evaluating aspects related to the commitment, coherency and difficulty of execution of the proposed actions. The motivation for this work is to provide a systematic approach of implementation, evaluation and monitoring of sustainability actions, globally accessible to all HEIs, particularly given the demonstrated bias in the existing metrics favoring HEIs in developed economies. The research methodology is structured based on three pillars: (i) documentary and bibliographical research in sustainability (concepts, principles, guidelines, best practices); (ii) review of metrics and sustainability indicators and (iii) validation of the proposed tool through its application to a select group of 21 HEIs recognized for their academic and sustainability excellence. The results reveal a Good degree of commitment (CI equal 0.73) for the 21 HEIs studied, indicating the proposed evaluation scheme is effective in the identification and analysis of institutional commitment and performance of HEIs implementing sustainability initiatives.
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Takahashi, Midori. "Toward enhanced learning of science an educational scheme for informal science institutions." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/987727109/04.

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Books on the topic "Institutional Scheme"

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Rafi, Khan Shahrukh, ed. Rural water supply scheme sustainability in Pakistan: A comparative institutional analysis. Sustainable Development Policy Institute, 1998.

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D'Silva, Brian. Institutional change, incentive effects, and choice of technology in Sudan's irrigated subsector: A model of the Rahad scheme. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Agriculture and Trade Analysis Division, 1987.

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Merrey, Douglas J. Institutions under stress and people in distress: Institution-building and draught in a new settlement scheme. International Irrigation Management Institute, 1989.

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Wozner, Yochanan. People care in institutions: A conceptual schema and its application. Haworth Press, 1990.

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editor, Singh Awadhesh Kumar, Singh, S. P., 1966- editor, Biswas, S. K. (Professor of anthropoloigy), editor, and Sree Veerabhadra Swamy Education Society (Tumkūr, India), eds. Gender violence in India: Perspective, issues and way forward. Bal Vikas Prakashan, 2013.

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India. Ministry of Panchayati Raj. Role of panchayati raj institutions in centrally sponsored schemes. Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India, 2014.

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Sharma, Sita Ram. UGC schemes: A manual for universities, colleges and research institutions. Mangal Deep Publications, 1998.

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Service, Meno Thinking Skills, and University of Cambridge. Local Examinations Syndicate., eds. Administrative arrangements for educational institutions: (pilot scheme 1992 - 1993) : Meno Thinking Skills Service. [University of Cambridge, Local Examinations Syndicate], 1992.

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Nina, Biehal, ed. Moving on: Young people and leaving care schemes. H.M.S.O, 1995.

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Treasury, Great Britain. Extending a community investment tax relief scheme: Consultation document / HM Treasury. HM Treasury, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Institutional Scheme"

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Meier, Henri B., John E. Marthinsen, Pascal A. Gantenbein, and Samuel S. Weber. "Swiss Institutional Investors." In Swiss Finance. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23194-0_6.

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AbstractInstitutional Investors, such as insurance companies, pension funds, real estate funds, and mutual funds, have become critically important players in the Swiss financial market. They channel capital from a multitude of investors, such as households, businesses, and the government, into asset classes like equities, debt, commodities, and real estate. The social security system plays a key role in this, together with the state-run basic benefit plan, the mandatory occupational pension scheme, and private savings. Insurance companies, comprising life insurance, non-life insurance, and reinsurance business activities, along with the growing class of collective investment schemes, have become enormous sources of investment capital, deciding about their allocation—unfortunately not in the best interest of their contributors’ future, also because of increasingly comprehensive regulations.
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Meiselman, H. L. "A measurement scheme for developing institutional products." In Measurement of Food Preferences. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2171-6_1.

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Khan, Shaheen Rafi, and Shahrukh Rafi Khan. "Rural Water Supply Scheme Sustainability: A Comparative Institutional Analysis." In Social Capital and Collective Action in Pakistani Rural Development. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71450-5_5.

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Daly, Kathleen. "Inequalities of Redress: Australia's National Redress Scheme for Institutional Abuse of Children." In Examining the Past and Shaping the Future. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003142799-6.

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Roberts, Daniela. "Visualizing Historical Greatness." In Spaces for Shaping the Nation. transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839466940-014.

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In this paper I will look at the two national portrait galleries in Great Britain (the English institution in London and the Scottish National Portrait Gallery in Edinburgh) and compare their strategies for presenting the collections of certain eminent men and women. Such strategies served to convey the significance of these figures both for the nation and for each museum's history. Choices of architecture, style, and decorative scheme, as well as the setting for the collection and its display, will be analysed in order to understand these institutional modes of reconstructing and visualizing national history.
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Sköld, Johanna, Bengt Sandin, and Johanna Schiratzki. "Redressing or Excusing the Past? The Evaluation of Sexual Child Abuse in the Swedish Redress Scheme for Historical Abuse in Out-of-Home Care." In Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38956-6_13.

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AbstractThis chapter addresses how adult victims of historical institutional child abuse have been treated in the Swedish state’s financial redress scheme. It demonstrates how the experiences of child abuse in welfare institutions materialize in new experiences of the welfare state when the state decides to acknowledge and offer redress to its historically abused citizens. It is shown how the Swedish state’s redress scheme shifted away from an explicit aim to acknowledge the victims’ unjustifiable suffering to the limited ways in which the state could be considered responsible for past harms. As a case, the chapter scrutinizes which details were pivotal for why victims of child sexual abuse in out-of-home care did not receive the financial redress as adjudicated by a temporary redress board. The chapter highlights how it proved difficult to combine an acknowledgement of the victims’ experiences of abuse with an assessment of the responsibility of the state. Furthermore, it demonstrates how contemporary tort law came to influence the assessment of the historical redress claims and set the standards for who received financial redress and who did not. This resulted in renewed experiences of the lived welfare institution caused by a “non-apology” from the welfare state.
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Schaltegger, Christoph A., and Lukas A. Schmid. "Switzerland." In The Forum of Federations Handbook of Fiscal Federalism. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97258-5_10.

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AbstractSwitzerland’s federal system features an internationally unmatched pattern of widespread revenue autonomy and administrative fragmentation on subnational levels of government. In combination with strong participatory institutions, the resulting tax competition among cantons and municipalities widely restricts excessive tax burdens and induces fiscal restraint. A comprehensive institutional framework at the federal level sets boundaries to ensure that tax competition is not at the expense of fiscally weaker cantons. Yet Swiss fiscal federalism is more fragile than it seems. Despite many institutional barriers to centralization, there is a persistent trend to allocate an increasing number of responsibilities with the federal government. In addition, the fiscal equalization scheme sets disincentives for fiscally weaker cantons possibly increasing disparities in the future. Reform proposals should seek to strengthen fiscal equivalence and prevent a system in which cantons are merely executing federal regulation.
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Miteva, Daniela A., Lea Fortmann, and Roan McNab. "Beyond the Traditional: Voluntary Market-Based Initiatives to Promote Land Tenure Security." In Land Tenure Security and Sustainable Development. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81881-4_13.

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AbstractTropical forests in developing countries are important for the provision of global ecosystem services, but also tend to be characterized by weak formal governance, high dependence on natural resource use, and, hence, rapid depletion of natural resources. Depending on the context, informal institutions may be insufficient as well. Focusing on native forests and the Forest Stewardship Council forest management certification scheme, we examine the role of markets and global supply chains as a mechanism for overcoming institutional failures and legitimizing rights to natural resources by rural communities. We posit that, in the absence of effective local institutions, voluntary certification, under certain conditions, can be a viable mechanism for the fair delineation, monitoring, and enforcement of forest property rights in developing countries.
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Narayanan, Sudha. "Toward a Framework for Contract Farming." In Palgrave Studies in Agricultural Economics and Food Policy. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-76487-5_4.

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Abstract In this chapter, I make a case for conceptualizing contract farming arrangements as institutions and for analyzing these contract farming systems within the Comparative Institutional Analysis (CIA) framework as proposed by Aoki (2001), characterizing contract farming as frictional equilibria. While the core of this proposed theoretical framework of contract farming is essentially neoinstitutionalist and centered on transactions costs, the Aokian framework helps accommodate both farmer-level phenomena as well as the contract farming domain, while also allowing for analysis of a scheme at a point of time and its evolution over time. This chapter argues that such an additive framework allows for the infusion of other disciplinary insights into economic research of contract farming.
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Mariani, Fabio, Lynn Rother, and Max Koss. "Teaching Provenance to AI." In Edition Museum. transcript Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839467107-014.

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Our paper addresses how artificial intelligence technologies can transform museum records of provenance into structured and machine-readable data, which is the first critical step in undertaking a large-scale cross-institutional analysis of object history. Drawing on research on natural language processing (NLP), we have identified sentence boundary disambiguation and span categorization as highly effective techniques for extracting and structuring information from provenance texts. Our paper focuses on a provenance-specific annotation scheme that enables us to retain historical nuances when constructing provenance linked open data (PLOD).
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Conference papers on the topic "Institutional Scheme"

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Neacsu, Razvan-Gabriel, and Adrian Otovescu. "THE EVOLUTION OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ERA: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF ONLINE POLITICAL DISCOURSE." In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/s01.13.

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The research will employ a content analysis methodology to examine a sample of 50 articles from various online sources, including news websites, political blogs, and social media posts. The articles will be selected based on their relevance to political communication and their potential impact on public opinion. The analysis will focus on identifying the dominant themes, rhetorical strategies, and persuasive techniques used in the selected articles. The study will develop a coding scheme to systematically categorize and analyze the content of the articles. The coding scheme will include variables such as the main topics addressed, the tone and sentiment of the language used, the use of evidence and arguments, and the inclusion of multimedia elements. The coding process will be conducted by trained coders to ensure reliability and consistency in the analysis. Through the content analysis, the study aims to uncover the characteristics and trends in online political discourse. It will examine how political actors frame their messages, engage with their audiences, and respond to political events and issues. The analysis will also explore the potential impact of online political communication on public opinion, political attitudes, and electoral behavior. Furthermore, the study will discuss the implications of the findings for the democratic process and the quality of political discourse in the digital era. It will consider the potential risks and challenges associated with online political communication, such as the spread of misinformation, the polarization of public opinion, and the erosion of trust in political institutions. The study will also explore the role of media literacy and critical thinking skills in helping citizens navigate the complex landscape of online political discourse.
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Hamza, Aliyu. "Rejigging of the Management and Operations of Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria: A Case Study of NOUN." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.544.

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In the transition to a post pandemic world, educational institutions are faced with the challenge of helping to build a more responsive and robust education system in the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous present and future. This requires critical reflection on lessons learned during the pandemic, reimagining the future of higher education as well as institutional directions, and adopting new strategies for development. This session describes a program to build the capacity of Philippine colleges and universities in this important work. // The Sustainable Institution Building for Open Learning (SIBOL) initiative, as it is called, aims to provide participating higher education institutions with training and mentoring in planning, managing, and sustaining blended, online, and open learning (BOL) programs. Phase 1 of SIBOL consists of seven online training modules, delivered synchronously and asynchronously, on planning BOL programs; systems for BOL materials development, technology management, faculty development, and student support; quality assurance; and research and innovation for sustainability of BOL. Phase 2 is a mentoring program for participating institutions as they implement their BOL institutional strategy. This second phase also aims to strengthen institutional collaboration and networking towards building the open and distance learning ecosystem in the Philippines. // In this paper, early findings from the design, development, and pilot implementation of SIBOL are discussed. SIBOL was conceptualized as UPOU’s pilot project under the EU-funded Advancing Equity and Access to Higher Education through Open and Distance Learning (BUKA) project.
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Berawi, Mohammed Ali, Pradhana Listio Wicaksono, Gunawan Saroji, Mustika Sari, and Perdana Miraj. "Financing scheme for the transit-oriented development projects in Indonesia." In World Construction Symposium - 2024. Department of Building Economics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2024.40.

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Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is expected to increase public use of mass transportation and reduce private vehicle usage. However, its development entails a high financial investment. This paper determines a financing scheme to boost private sector investment in TOD projects, considering the TODs in Indonesia’s Jabodebek Light Rail Transi (LRT) as the case study. Simulation of cost-sharing scenarios between public and private sectors was simulated to form the financing scheme, along with the benchmarking study to establish the institutional scheme. The findings reveal that an optimal Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 14.92%, indicates that the project is financially viable. The optimal distribution of initial cost, operational and maintenance cost, and revenue incurred to the private sector are 39.86%, 66.02%, and 72.02%, respectively. The government is responsible for developing and operating the proposed institutional scheme's LRT and other supporting infrastructure, while the private sector handles the development and operation of TOD mixed-used properties.
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Zhou, Xialu. "A study on the institutional design of carbon emissions trading scheme in China." In International conference on Management Innovation and Information Technology. WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/miit132132.

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Zhang, Wenjuan, Baoming Yang, and Guangbin Wang. "The Allocation of Decarbonization Responsibility and Institutional Innovation Under the Value co-Creation of Service Ecosystem." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005082.

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Any innovation and action will be stifled due to a lack of either institutional support, a certain density of resources, or effective collaboration among participants. At present, the basic theory to deal with climate change within the international community is generally based on the economic theory of external public goods, while the theory of policy tool design is mainly based on the Pigovian tax principle and the Coase Theorem of property rights. However, the future will be an era of service economy, and service is the basis of all exchanges. Based on the service- dominant logic, this paper intends to discuss the choice of responsibility allocation principle for emission cutting, propose an innovation scheme of decarbonization system based on the principle of shared responsibility, and then put forward thoughts and suggestions on the realization of decarbonization schemes by using the value co-creation theory of service ecosystem.
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Yagüe Fabra, José Antonio, María Benita Murillo Esteban, Francisco Javier García Ramos, Pablo Martín Ramos, Antonio Serrano González, and Ana Ortega Pardos. "Demonstrating engineering schools’ commitment to the achievement of the SDGs: The ALCAEUS Evaluation Program / 2030 Agenda. A case study." In SEFI 50th Annual conference of The European Society for Engineering Education. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788412322262.1435.

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ALCAEUS is a voluntary evaluation scheme developed by the Spanish agency ACPUA, designed to provide visibility to institutions and centers that demonstrate commitment and contribute to the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) / 2030 Agenda. It is a pioneering international external evaluation program within the European Higher Education Area, open to faculties and schools that have successfully undergone an IQAS certification review (institutional accreditation). The ALCAEUS pilot program was carried out last year and two Engineering Schools (Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura and Escuela Politécnica Superior) of the University of Zaragoza (Spain) participated in it. The evaluation was based on a site visit conducted by an international review team. The two schools demonstrated a firm commitment to SDGs and were awarded a 2030 Agenda quality label valid for 6 years.
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Kovalenko, Olha, Olena Bokiy, Hanna Lysenko, and Natalia Riabinina. "Institutional needs to overcome food security challenges in Ukraine in emergency conditions." In VI International Conference on European Dimensions of Sustainablе Development. National University of Food Technologies, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24263/edsd-2024-6-18.

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The problem of food security is extremely important for Ukraine and the world, especially in conditions of crises and emergencies. The authors studied the problems of overcoming the challenges of food security in the extraordinary conditions of russian aggression in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to improve approaches to assessing food security and to identify institutional needs for overcoming food security challenges in the context of the war in Ukraine. Ukraine is the guarantor of world food security and provided almost 6% of the caloric content of world consumption. The study assesses Ukraine's place in the global food security index. It analyzes the main legislation in the field of food security, emphasizes the need to adopt a strategy and other legislative acts in this area, clarifies the state of implementation of the Ukraine - European Union Association Agreement. Taking into account the developments of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the authors systematized and improved the system of food security indicators by building a functional scheme-model. It includes five main blocks - the level and quality of nutrition, physical availability of food, economic availability of food, food independence and market stability. The authors emphasize the importance of taking into account the ecology, natural resources and the state of the institutional environment. The study reveals the food security situation for each block and offers tools for its solution. It defines measures to increase food security and a list of indicative indicators that characterize its level.
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Lugonjić, Marija. "Comparative Analysis of Medical Workers." In Organizations at Innovation and Digital Transformation Roundabout. University of Maribor Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-388-3.33.

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Continuous Medical Education (CME) is becoming a minimum condition for adapting to today's changes and achieving success in professional and personal fields.The aim of this paper is a comparative analysis of CME in Serbia, the European Union, and the United Kingdom; US, Russian Federation and Iran. The aim of this comparative study was to assess the main countryspecific institutional settings applied by governments. Methods: A common scheme of analysis was applied to investigate the following variables: CME institutional framework; benefits and/or penalties to participants; types of CME activities and system of credits; accreditation of CME providers and events; CME funding and sponsorship. The analysis involved reviewing the literature on CME policy. Results: The US system has clear KME boundaries because it is implemented solely by credentialed institutions that organize dedicated meetings with the clear purpose of educating medical professionals.The European Union has not yet been able to reconcile the differences it has inherited from its members. Only "general" conditions are defined. Continuing medical education cannot be arbitrary, like any other organizational process. Everything has to be controlled in advance. Education in the Russian Federation is regulated by the law, Art. 2 and must be viewed as a whole. Doctors and healthcare professionals and their associates earn points through accredited continuing education programs for obtaining and renewing licenses of the Serbian Medical Chamber and KMSZTS - Chamber of Nurses and Health Technicians of Serbia. The Ordinance establishes the conditions for issuing, renewing and revoking the license for independent work, ie. License to Healthcare Professionals. (RS Official Gazette 102/2015) Conclusin: This comparative exercise provides an overview of the CME policies adopted by analyzed countries to regulate both demand and supply. The substantial variability in the organization and accreditation of schemes indicates that much could be done to improve effectiveness. Although further analysis is needed to assess the results of these policies in practice, lessons drawn from this study may help clarify the weaknesses and strengths of single domestic policies in the perspective.
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Nutsubidze, Tamila. "The Impact of the Development of Funded Pensions on Retirement Policy in Georgia." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.14.

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The implementation of mandatory and voluntary funded pension schemes contributes to the development of long-term investment opportunities and savings in Georgia to ensure the financial security of workers at retirement age. In the long term, the development of the above-mentioned funded pension schemes is likely to influence the state's pension policy. The role of state involvement in social policy and its social spending may change in line with demographic trends. Article in Georgian.
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Nutsubidze, Tamila, and Khatuna Nutsubidze. "Voluntary Private Pension Reform in Georgia." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.13.

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The development of voluntary private pension schemes is important for the establishment of a multi-pillar pension system in Georgia. The importance of the voluntary private pension reform is high both for the institutional development of the pension system and for the development of the workforce and the economy as a whole. Although the development of voluntary private pension schemes in Georgia has a potential, these schemes are primarily intended for high-income workers. As a result, low-income workers and other workers who are not involved in the formally organized employment demand more attention. The current demographic trends, the size of the informal sector and the high number of independent / self-employed workers should especially influence the state policy to promote the creation of pension savings by the workers of this category and the establishment of financial protection mechanisms for them. Article in Georgian.
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Reports on the topic "Institutional Scheme"

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Tapia Troncoso, Waldo. Belize Pension System. Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009249.

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The primary goal of a pension system should be to provide adequate, affordable, sustainable, and robust retirement income. Belize, like many other countries in the Caribbean, faces the challenge to both expand the pension coverage and guarantee its financial sustainability. In the last few years, the issue of social security reform has been a rising concern in Belize, as well as throughout the region. In this context, Belize has undertaken actuarial forecasts to examine the prospective state of its social security scheme. This document describes the Belizean pension system in terms of three critical issues. The most important issue is financial sustainability and its fiscal implications. The second is coverage, since Belize has one of the lowest coverage rates of workers among English-speaking Caribbean countries. The third issue is the institutional framework of the pension system. In addition, the document offers the main options for reforming a typical publicly managed, unfunded defined-benefit scheme such as the Belize pension system.
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Libby, Margarita H. Business Climate for Competitiveness in the Americas: Simplification of Procedures to Promote Competitiveness. Inter-American Development Bank, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006894.

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International organizations most often recommend a virtual one stop shop such as the Single Window for Foreign Trade (Spanish acronym: VUCE). This model is undoubtedly the most successful scheme available. This paper presents the general framework for trade facilitation and shows how VUCEs have triggered a new perspective of cohesiveness as countries seek to facilitate trade and influence competitiveness indexes. In addition, it assesses the current situation in countries of the Americas that are starting to or have already taken the first steps in developing a VUCE, such as Costa Rica, Colombia, Mexico, and Chile, and discusses the conditions required to implement a VUCE with the understanding that there is more than one possible model of implementation and every government must choose one that is suitable to its own institutional structure and technological progress. This paper was presented at the Fifth Americas Competiveness Forum for the Inter-American Development Bank and Compete Caribbean Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, October 5-7, 2011.
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Birch, Izzy. Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Institutional and Monitoring Mechanisms. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.005.

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The focus of this paper is on the complementary mechanisms and interventions likely to increase the effectiveness and impact of conditional cash transfer (CCT) schemes in South Asia that aim to reduce female infanticide and child marriage and promote girls’ education. The literature on the institutional aspects of these particular schemes is limited, but from this and from the wider literature on CCT programmes in similar contexts, the following institutional mechanisms are likely to enhance success: a strong information and communication strategy that enhances programme reach and coverage and ensures stakeholder awareness; advance agreements with financial institutions; a simple and flexible registration process; appropriate use of technology to strengthen access, disbursement, and oversight; adequate implementation capacity to support processes of outreach, enrolment, and monitoring; monitoring and accountability mechanisms embedded in programme design; coordination mechanisms across government across social protection schemes; an effective management information system; and the provision of quality services in the sectors for which conditions are required. There is a very limited body of evidence that explores these institutional issues as they apply to the specific CCT programmes that are the focus of this report, however, there is more available evidence of the potential impact of ‘cash-plus’ programmes, which complement the transfers with other interventions designed to enhance their results or address the structural barriers to well-being
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González Mínguez, Jose. The Letta report: a set of proposals for revitalising the European economy. Banco de España, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/38193.

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Europe is facing a number of major challenges in the near future, including managing the climate transition, the effects of technological transformations and geopolitical changes. European and national authorities are aware that the tools currently in place are insufficient to address these challenges and that a determined reform drive is therefore needed. At the start of a new European institutional cycle, the set of proposals in the Letta report, aimed at completing the Single Market and adapting it to the new circumstances, constitute a major contribution to the European economic policy debate. The most important initiatives include the revitalisation of the capital markets union, the creation of a pan-European State aid scheme based on national contributions, the promulgation of a European code of commercial law as an alternative to the harmonisation of the 27 existing national systems, the incorporation into the Single Market of sectors that have so far been largely outside it (such as energy and telecommunications) or, in the legislative field, the prioritisation of the use of regulations, which are directly applicable in the Member States, over directives, which require transposition into the legal systems of each country. The report’s diagnosis is largely shared by the various national authorities, who also welcomed the main thrust of the proposals. However, it is not difficult to see that the implementation of the latter requires a consensus that, in practice, may be difficult to achieve.
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Kashyap, Varsha, Jill Hooks, Asheq Rahman, and Md Borhan Uddin Bhuiyan. Institutional Determinants of Carbon Financial Accounting Practices. Unitec ePress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.084.

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This paper investigates how and why firms affected by Emissions Trading Schemes (ETSs) are financially accounting for carbon in a voluntary setting. Using institutional theory, the authors seek to identify the determinants of a firm’s decision to adopt a particular carbon financial accounting practice. We identify the recognition and measurement practices for carbon-emission allowances using data gathered from the annual reports of ETS-affected firms in Australia. These practices are identified in the five stages of carbon-emission allowance transactions, namely, when these are: (1) received for free, (2) purchased, (3) used, (4) sold, and (5) surrendered. Inconsistencies in carbon financial accounting practices are observed. The findings reveal that carbon-emission allowances are recorded as intangible assets, but most firms provide incomplete information on their carbon financial accounting practices. Firms also exhibit inconsistencies in specifying how they are ‘recognising’ and ‘measuring’ carbon-emission allowances. The results provide evidence of coercive (regulation) and mimetic (size, leverage, and listing status) pressures being the main determinants of carbon financial accounting practice.
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Scarpini, Celeste, Fabrizio Santoro, Ronald Waiswa, Moyo Arewa, and Jane Nabuyondo. Enhancing Taxpayer Registration with Inter-Institutional Data Sharing – Evidence from Uganda. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2024.048.

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Governments in low-income countries struggle to collect and use population information adequately. For tax administrations, all of which require comprehensive data about the tax base, the lack of accurate information is a crucial challenge. This challenge often appears intractable for African tax administrations, which operate in a context of high informality. Cross-agency data-sharing agreements and inter-institutional system integration, primarily related to national identification (ID) schemes, seem to offer a solution. These can potentially improve registration functions, facilitate identification of evaders, increase efficiency, and reduce taxpayers’ compliance costs. Summary of ICTD African Tax Administration Paper 35.
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Anderson, Erika, and Iain MacNeil. Sustainable Financial Products and UK Pensions Schemes. University of Glasgow and University of Strathclyde, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36399/gla.pubs.351603.

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Sustainable financial products have gained significant traction in the financial world as climate change and social responsibility concerns continue to dominate public discourse. In the UK, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and sustainability considerations have been steadily gaining attention as both financial product designs and risk management tools. Economic trends, regulations, and soft laws have been reactive over the last decade to growing transparency and demands for accountability (Palea, 20221; Escrig-Olmedo, Muñoz-Torres, Fernandez-Izquierdo, 20132). This paper explores the growing role of sustainable financial products in the UK’s Defined Contribution (DC) pension schemes. It highlights key challenges and opportunities, focusing on the interplay between sustainable investment products, pension dashboards, Fintech, and institutional perspectives.
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Goswami, Amlanjyoti, Sudeshna Mitra, Deepika Jha, Kaye Lushington, and Sahil Sasidharan. Land Records Modernisation in India: An Institutional, Legal & Policy Review. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/9788195489305.

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This work provides an institutional, legal and policy review of crucial aspects of land records modernisation systems at the national level. Introducing property records and patterns of ownership in India, it provides an overview of various central government schemes promoting land records modernisation. It discusses the systemic and legal characteristics of land records and the proposed shift to conclusive land titling system, drawing attention to issues of tenure and property rights, especially in the urban and peri-urban context. Presenting multiple case studies on ongoing modernisation initiatives in some of the study states, the volumes also looks at the roles of multiple institutional stakeholders and the interfaces between them. Operational challenges faced in this transition to technology have also been discussed, in an attempt to bring out an overall picture of crucial issues and best practices across state-level diversities. The objective is to highlight the possibility of multiple trajectories and look at ways in which states can learn from each other by sharing experiences, while simultaneously acknowledging that there are certain issues that are typical of a particular state and must be resolved via deeper engagement with the local terrain.
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Fernández Gómez, Jorge. "FINANCING SUSTAINABLE PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES. Innovative schemes based on public-private partnerships ". Universidad de Deusto, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/zzxv8393.

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This report analyzes the new financing schemes for sustainable projects that are being developed in different parts of the world under public-private partnership formulas. The main objective of the report is to identify the key elements of these schemes based on innovative governance and collaboration structures and financing solutions, in order to draw conclusions and present recommendations applicable to the Basque Country. The new financing schemes are analyzed, including the actors involved (from public entities and financial institutions to companies, citizens and third-sector associations and entities), the new green financing tools (innovative public procurement, green bonds, crowdfunding schemes, nature-based solutions, etc. ) and the new public-private collaboration schemes (green 3P solutions, with a specific focus on sustainable activities and projects, and 4P schemes, which actively involve the third sector and, particularly, philanthropic entities, in the financing and/or management of sustainable projects). 4P schemes make it possible to attract capital to projects where it is difficult to channel private capital in environmental areas. The case of the city-region of Greater Manchester is also reviewed in detail, where an innovative financing mechanism structured around the Greater Manchester Environment Fund (GMEF) was put in place, with a novel public-private collaborative governance of the GMEF that is allowing to increase the flow of private financing and to expand the range of projects with positive environmental impact.
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SOLOVEVA, N., and V. TARAKANOVA. TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO TRAINING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2021-12-4-2-27-39.

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The article discusses technological approaches to training in Higher Education Institution. The essence of technological approach to training consists in the transformation of educational processes into process with the guaranteed result. It supplements scientific approaches of pedagogy, psychology, sociology and other directions of science and practice. Purpose. To reveal how technological approaches to training in higher education institution influence on knowledge got by students. Scientific novelty. The article reveals development of the personality, creative abilities and it is necessary to use technological approaches of training, various creative tasks, research projects at the lectures. On the first and second years of education the pedagogical technology which is based on motivation of educational cognitive activity through communication and cooperation influences on the intellectual and behavioral status of students. Training is more effective, than the better methodology and technology of educational process will be coordinated with technology of assimilation the knowledge. It is important that all students in a higher educational institution could acquire material and began to use it in practice in the work. The signs of technology, a model of pedagogical technology, the scheme of technological creation of educational process and the results of expense of time in digestion of material by students are described in the article. Technological approach modernizes training on a basis of activity of students. Thanks to it, students achieve goals in the form of assimilation the knowledge in easier and productive way. When using technological approach there is an involvement of each student in educational process, knowledge is put into practice, there is always an access to necessary information (including the Internet), there is a communication and cooperation not only with the lecturer, but also with fellow students and what is more important is a constant test of the forces for overcoming the arising problems. Features of pedagogical technologies consist in activity of the lecturers and students. The activity of the lecturers is in that he knows well psychological and personal features of students and can introduce amendments on the training process course. The lecturer, as directly, and by means of technical means carries out the organizing, operating, motivating and controlling functions in the course of training. Practical significance. The practical importance consists in the use in practice of technological approaches to training in Higher Education Institution that promotes the guaranteed achievement of the set educational objects, the organization of all course of training in compliance to the purposes and tasks, assessment of the current results and their correction in case of need and also final assessment of results.
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