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Eagleton, Saramarie, and Anton Muller. "Development of a model for whole brain learning of physiology." Advances in Physiology Education 35, no. 4 (December 2011): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00007.2011.
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In this report, a model was developed for whole brain learning based on Curry's onion model. Curry described the effect of personality traits as the inner layer of learning, information-processing styles as the middle layer of learning, and environmental and instructional preferences as the outer layer of learning. The model that was developed elaborates on these layers by relating the personality traits central to learning to the different quadrants of brain preference, as described by Neethling's brain profile, as the inner layer of the onion. This layer is encircled by the learning styles that describe different information-processing preferences for each brain quadrant. For the middle layer, the different stages of Kolb's learning cycle are classified into the four brain quadrants associated with the different brain processing strategies within the information processing circle. Each of the stages of Kolb's learning cycle is also associated with a specific cognitive learning strategy. These two inner circles are enclosed by the circle representing the role of the environment and instruction on learning. It relates environmental factors that affect learning and distinguishes between face-to-face and technology-assisted learning. This model informs on the design of instructional interventions for physiology to encourage whole brain learning.
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Sebastián-López, María, and Rafael de Miguel González. "Mobile Learning for Sustainable Development and Environmental Teacher Education." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 9757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229757.
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Outdoor learning has, for a long time, been an important instructional resource in school education, usually embedded in the natural sciences and social sciences curricula. Teaching geography, geology, or biology beyond the traditional classroom allows students to interact with physical and social environments for meaningful learning. Mobile devices that are based on geospatial technologies have provided more accurate data, but also a combined instructional design with other WebGIS, map viewers, or geographic information system (GIS) layers, which are useful to foster education for sustainable development. This paper analyzes the applications of mobile learning based on citizen science and volunteer geographic information, but also on the growing awareness that citizens and educators need a set of digital competencies to enhance and innovate lifelong learning and active citizenship. The empirical research aims to measure teacher–training experience, highlighting the potential of mobile devices and their applications in environmental education. Data collected from the research and results prove the positive impact of mobile learning in environmental education. Finally, a discussion about mobile learning and education for sustainable development is provided.
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Shanbari, Hamzah, Nathan Blinn, and Raja R. A. Issa. "Using augmented reality video in enhancing masonry and roof component comprehension for construction management students." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 23, no. 6 (November 21, 2016): 765–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2016-0028.
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Purpose New methods to introduce topics in classrooms are needed to enhance the construction management educational experience. One of these new methods is showing real time videos that highlight the various elements of concern in the classroom lecture. The purpose of this paper is to use augmented reality technology (ART) and a layer of artificial visualizations to simulate the environmental context and spatio-temporal constraints of various construction processes. The superimposition of images serves as an instructional mechanism to virtually incorporate jobsite experiences into classrooms. This enhancement of spatio-temporal constraints enables learners to visualize context and hidden processes otherwise unattainable through traditional classroom lectures. Design/methodology/approach A significantly improved perception of reality is created through the combination of the learners’ ability to understand the complexity of construction products (e.g. assemblies) and associated jobsite processes by viewing the real environment augmented with computer-generated information layers. Findings Testing the ART video in a classroom with undergraduate construction management students showed that students who were exposed to the ART video were able to remember and identify the highlighted elements in the corresponding assembly more effectively than those who were not. Originality/value ART is a valuable tool in enhancing classroom learning and gives educators a teaching advantage when they combine traditional classroom lectures with ART enabled media.
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Mbirua, Margaret, Dr Ruth Thinguri, and Dr Reuben K. Kenei. "Influence of headteachers' communication planning practices on Management performance in public primary schools in Thika West sub-county, Kiambu county, Kenya." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 218–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss6.2393.
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Communication is very critical in primary school management by ensuring that there is improved efficiency. However, in many primary schools in Thika West Sub-county encounter challenges which border on school management such as unhealthy staff relations, imprudent use of financial resources, poor maintenance of facilities, imprudent time management and under-utilization of instructional materials are on the rise. Thus, this study sought to assess the influence of headteachers’ communication planning practices on management performance in public primary schools in Thika West Sub-county, Kiambu County, Kenya. The study was guided by the communication theory and school management theory. The study adopted mixed methodology and concurrent triangulation research design. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically along the objectives and presented in narrative forms. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages and inferentially using ANOVA Test Analysis using Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS Version 23) and presented using tables. The study established that headteachers’ communication planning practices influence on management performance in primary schools. The study recommends that headteachers should ensure that they design the content of message to be relayed and also identify the specific recipients of their information to be communicated. Headteachers should adopt layers of communication which are efficient and provide immediate and objective feedback. Headteachers should adopt forms of communication to suit every occasion to avoid interruptions. Headteachers should adopt a feedback mechanism which guarantees efficiency and prudence in school management.
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González, Pablo R. Velasco. "Superabundant design." A Peer-Reviewed Journal About 5, no. 1 (February 15, 2016): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aprja.v5i1.116041.
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Tiziana Terranova draws attention to the necessity of questioning how algorithmically enabled automation works “in terms of control and monetization” and “what kind of time and energy” is being subsumed by it (Terranova 387). Cryptocurrencies are payment technologies that automate the production of money-like tokens (Bergstra and Weijland) following algorithmic rules to maintain a fixed production rate. Different kinds of energy and residues, which are not always acknowledged, are involved in this process. Here I distinguish between two closely linked layers in the Bitcoin token production: first, an algorithmic layer, which contains the instructions and rules for the creation of bitcoins; second, a hardware layer, which performs and embodies the former. While these layers work together, I will argue that they enact their own kind of logics of energy and waste. I will begin at the more visible end of the production cycle, the hardware layer, where the definition of waste and energy consumption is shared with many electronic devices; then I will trace back its algorithmic layer, which as I argue, follows a different logic.
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Schleicher, Andreas. "Thoughts on the Future of Teaching." Beijing International Review of Education 1, no. 2-3 (June 29, 2019): 273–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25902539-00102002.
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Top school systems select and educate their teaching staff carefully, they provide an environment in which teachers work together to frame good practice, they encourage teachers to grow in their careers; and they have moved on from administrative control and accountability to professional forms of work organisation. Still, the laws, regulations, structures and institutions on which education policy tends to focus are just like the small visible tip of an iceberg. The reason why it is so hard to move school systems is that there is a much larger invisible part under the waterline. This invisible part is about the interests, beliefs, motivations and fears of the people who are involved in education, parents and teachers included. This is where unexpected collisions occur, because this part of educational reform tends to evade the radar screen of public policy. That is why educational leaders are rarely successful with reform unless they build a shared understanding and collective ownership for change, and unless they build teacher capacity and create the right policy climate, with accountability measures designed to encourage innovation rather than compliance. The most essential reason why teachers’ ownership of the profession is a must-have rather than an optional extra lies in the pace of change in 21st century school systems. Even the most effective attempts to translate a central curriculum into local classroom practice will drag out over a decade, because it takes so much time to communicate the goals and methods through the different layers of the system and to build them into traditional methods of teacher education. In a fast-changing world, when what and how students need to learn changes so rapidly, such a slow process leads to a widening gap between what students need to learn and what and how teachers teach. The only way to shorten that pipeline is to professionalise teaching, that is to ensure that teachers not only have a deep understanding of the curriculum as a product, but equally with the process of curriculum and instructional design and the pedagogies to enact and enable the ideas behind the curriculum. The challenge is to build on the expertise of the teachers and school leaders and to enlist them in the design of superior policies and practices. Where systems fail to engage teachers in the design of change, teachers will rarely help systems in the implementation of change.
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Salama, M. M. A., R. Hackam, and A. Y. Chikhani. "Instructional design of multi-layer insulation of power cables." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 7, no. 1 (1992): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.141731.
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Umnyakova, Nina P., and Adam Ujma. "Unventilated Air Layers with a Reflective Coating in the Building Envelope." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.496.
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Heat exchange through infrared radiation in air layers located inside building envelopes may be significantly modified in case of use of aluminium foil coatings therein. The intensity of conductive, convective and radiative heat exchange in these structures depends on the thickness of the air layer and the temperature difference on its surfaces. Generally speaking, application of aluminium foil in air layers of a building envelope improves its thermal insulation capacity. However, assessment of efficiency of such a solution and determination of the thermal resistance value of a given structure is often incorrectly determined and assumed for design calculations. The article analyzes the instructions and principles of determination of thermal insulation capacity of unventilated air layers. Provisions of two standards have been compared with results of tests of air layer parameters. The effect of different factors on heat exchange and insulation capacity of air layers with reflective coatings has been considered and assessed.
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Li, Rui. "Framework Structure Design on College English Assisted Instruction System." Advanced Materials Research 846-847 (November 2013): 1776–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.846-847.1776.
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Faculty shortage of college English teaching which is caused by the reform, limit the improvements of students English proficiency, and an effective mechanism to resolve this contradiction is the English assisted instruction system. This paper makes research on the frame structure, aiming at the problems in the process of system development and maintenance. First, study the functional framework composed by three roles, students, teachers, administrators, based on the analysis of system function; Then, research framework, on the presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer, so it is easy for developers to complete the business process specific in the framework; Finally, research on security framework composed by ASP.NET, IIS, .NET Framework, the operating system. College English assisted instruction system, based on the construction of the framework structure, can achieve the ability of sharing teaching resources, enriching teaching mode, and improving the quality of teaching.
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Sledevič, Tomyslav, and Artūras Serackis. "mNet2FPGA: A Design Flow for Mapping a Fixed-Point CNN to Zynq SoC FPGA." Electronics 9, no. 11 (November 2, 2020): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111823.
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The convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a computation and memory demanding class of deep neural networks. The field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are often used to accelerate the networks deployed in embedded platforms due to the high computational complexity of CNNs. In most cases, the CNNs are trained with existing deep learning frameworks and then mapped to FPGAs with specialized toolflows. In this paper, we propose a CNN core architecture called mNet2FPGA that places a trained CNN on a SoC FPGA. The processing system (PS) is responsible for convolution and fully connected core configuration according to the list of prescheduled instructions. The programmable logic holds cores of convolution and fully connected layers. The hardware architecture is based on the advanced extensible interface (AXI) stream processing with simultaneous bidirectional transfers between RAM and the CNN core. The core was tested on a cost-optimized Z-7020 FPGA with 16-bit fixed-point VGG networks. The kernel binarization and merging with the batch normalization layer were applied to reduce the number of DSPs in the multi-channel convolutional core. The convolutional core processes eight input feature maps at once and generates eight output channels of the same size and composition at 50 MHz. The core of the fully connected (FC) layer works at 100 MHz with up to 4096 neurons per layer. In a current version of the CNN core, the size of the convolutional kernel is fixed to 3×3. The estimated average performance is 8.6 GOPS for VGG13 and near 8.4 GOPS for VGG16/19 networks.
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Lee, Edward A., Stephen Neuendorffer, and Michael J. Wirthlin. "Actor-Oriented Design of Embedded Hardware and Software Systems." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 12, no. 03 (June 2003): 231–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126603000751.
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In this paper, we argue that model-based design and platform-based design are two views of the same thing. A platform is an abstraction layer in the design flow. For example, a core-based architecture and an instruction set architecture are platforms. We focus on the set of designs induced by this abstraction layer. For example, the set of all ASICs based on a particular core-based architecture and the set of all x86 programs are induced sets. Hence, a platform is equivalently a set of designs. Model-based design is about using platforms with useful modeling properties to specify designs, and then synthesizing implementations from these specifications. Hence model-based design is the view from above (more abstract, closer to the problem domain) and platform-based design is the view from below (less abstract, closer to the implementation technology). One way to define a platform is to provide a design language. Any valid expression in the language is an element of the set. A platform provides a set of constraints together with known tradeoffs that flow from those constraints. Actor-oriented platforms, such as Simulink, abstract aspects of program-level platforms, such as Java, C++, and VHDL. Actor-oriented platforms orthogonalize the actor definition language and the actor composition language, enabling highly polymorphic actor definitions and design using multiple models of computation. In particular, we concentrate on the use of constrained models of computation in design. The modeling properties implied by well chosen constraints allow more easily understood designs and are preserved during synthesis into program-level descriptions. We illustrate these concepts by describing a design framework built on Ptolemy II.
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Gallagher, Tiffany L., and Xavier Fazio. "Multiple Layers: Education Faculty Reflecting on Design-Based Research focused on Curricular Integration." Qualitative Research in Education 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/qre.2019.3795.
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What insights emerge through researcher reflections on a Design-Based Research (DBR) curricular integration project that contribute to the professional learning of education faculty/ researchers? To answer this question, two researchers captured their debriefing discussions and reflections after monthly meetings with participating teachers. The meetings familiarized the teachers with DBR methods and enhanced teachers’ understanding of integrating literacy and science instruction. Data were open coded, collapsed into sub-categories and interpretations were then clustered into three themes. The first theme is our acknowledgement of the layers that needed to be peeled back to understand teacher participants’ planning and assessment. The second theme is the realization that the teacher participants were novices with respect to understanding and practicing curricular integration. The final theme honors the value of DBR as a research and professional learning method. Findings are discussed in light of the scant literature that describes the experience of DBR educational researchers.
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Li, Lin, Shengbing Zhang, and Juan Wu. "Design of Deep Learning VLIW Processor for Image Recognition." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 38, no. 1 (February 2020): 216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20203810216.
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In order to adapt the application demands of high resolution images recognition and efficient processing of localization in aviation and aerospace fields, and to solve the problem of insufficient parallelism in existing researches, an extensible multiprocessor cluster deep learning processor architecture based on VLIW is designed by optimizing the computation of each layer of deep convolutional neural network model. Parallel processing of feature maps and neurons, instruction level parallelism based on very long instruction word (VLIW), data level parallelism of multiprocessor clusters and pipeline technologies are adopted in the design. The test results based on FPGA prototype system show that the processor can effectively complete the image classification and object detection applications. The peak performance of processor is up to 128 GOP/s when it operates at 200 MHz. For selecting benchmarks, the processor speed is about 12X faster than CPU and 7X faster than GPU at least. Comparing with the results of the software framework, the average error of the test accuracy of the processor is less than 1%.
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Li, Bin, Xin Sun, and Shi Yu. "Designing of Internet of Things Sensor Based Information Gateway Using SDN Concept." International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdst.2019010102.
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In order to make the gateway of the Internet of things access to the public network effectively, using a Software-Defined Network (SDN) concept, a sensor network was studied. When performing hierarchical design, the gateway of the Internet of things was layered. It was divided into the policy layer and the forwarding layer. The policy layer distributed the policy, to receive instructions from the upper server. At the same time, it managed the nodes and matches the forwarding rules. The forwarding layer is only responsible for forwarding data packets. This control and data flow separation structure could effectively improve the system transmission efficiency. At the same time, the software structure design and hardware design of the sensor gateway of the Internet of things were given. The design and function of the gateway was analyzed and studied. A comprehensive solution of the gateway system was proposed. The results showed that this method could further improve the performance of the sensor network gateway. Therefore, the design of the Internet of things sensing information gateway based on the concept of SDN has a high practical value.
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Grassian, Esther, and Sarah LeMire. "Information Literacy and Instruction: How Can This Column Help You?" Reference & User Services Quarterly 56, no. 2 (January 4, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.56n2.75.
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In recent years, Reference and User Services Quarterly’s “Information Literacy and Instruction” column has covered diverse topics related to information literacy, including MOOCs, universal design, discovery layers, and, of course, assessment. This column has provided a space for librarians from all types of libraries to share how they are engaging with information literacy and instruction in their libraries, as well as to unpack the challenges they faced. As new editors, we will continue to use this space as an opportunity to explore emerging topics in information literacy.As co-editors of “Information Literacy and Instruction,” we bring our own perspectives and experiences to RUSQ, along with some overlapping interests. To better reflect our perspectives, we will alternate editorial responsibility for pieces published in this column, although both editors will be providing feedback. Following is biographical information about each of us, as well as a lengthier description of our column interests.
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Fleury, M., R. P. Self, and A. C. Downton. "Large-Scale, Parallel Embedded Applications: A Hardware Design Model for Software Engineers." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 38, no. 4 (October 2001): 348–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.38.4.8.
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Parallel servers are becoming an important sector in the embedded systems marketplace. If software engineers are to implement the multi-algorithm applications that these servers support, then educators should provide clear design routes which inculcate system-level thinking. Pipelined Processor Farms (PPF) is one such top-down design strategy. The contemporary hardware diversity within both processor- and instruction-level parallellism requires incorporation of a coprocessor model at the node or sub-system layer. Two suitable software-based approaches are reviewed: one which maintains the traditional aspects of hardware modeling, SystemC, and the other, Handel-C, which introduces silicon compilation to the CAD laboratory.
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Liu, Hong Yu, and Kai Xi Ye. "GIS System of Crops Distribution and Services for Farmers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 1778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.1778.
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In this paper, based on the needs of farmers, based on the survey results, the design and development of crops for farmers and support services distributed GIS information system, the system includes a human-computer interaction layer, data layer, functional layer and the presentation layer, assisted farmers to achieve through names, coordinates other search methods to find the point where their own land, as well as other farmers and home-grown crops similar distribution information. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
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Chen, Jin-Jing, Zheng Guo, and Wei-Dong Yu. "Heat transfer analysis of insulation materials with flexible multilayers." Thermal Science 17, no. 5 (2013): 1415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1305415c.
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A new flexible multilayer thermal insulation material is presented for applications at harsh environment as high as 433 K or as low as 123 K. A heat transfer model is established and solved to study heat transfer through the material, including radiation, solid heat transfer and gas heat transfer. Comparison between the experimental results and the theoretical prediction shows that the model is feasible to be applied in engineering. The temperature distribution of samples with 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 layers, respectively, the radiation, solid and gas heat transfer of a sample with 10 layers are analyzed at harsh conditions (123 K and 433 K) and the normal condition as well. The theoretical thermal analysis provides an active instruction to an optimal design of such protective materials.
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Zhang, Yue. "Design of Ultrasonic Oil Tank Level System." International Journal of Advanced Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing 9, no. 4 (October 2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijapuc.2017100101.
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The infrastructure industry has a large demand for crude oil. Crude oil is explosive, flammable, volatile, and easy to accumulate static and other properties. So, the reservoir area is large and the route is far, which leads to the monitoring station being placed away from the tank area of the operating layer. This requires that the scene of the information is timely and effective in transmission to the monitoring station, and instructions are given quickly. In this paper, the design of ultrasonic tank gauge system is put forward. The system uses AT89S52 as the controller, to achieve the construction site tank level measurement function by the combination of hardware and software. And a variety of error correction measures are given to improve the accuracy. The system can be widely used in various types of infrastructure construction site oil depot management to meet the real needs of the tank level monitoring. Meet the requirements of centralized management of infrastructure projects, provide data for the highest management system, and support day-to-day business management and decision making.
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Zhu, Jun Jie, Lin Ma, Cheng Chen, and Xu Feng. "The Design of Automatic Smooth Layer System for the Construction Elevator Based on Fuzzy Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 103 (September 2011): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.103.417.
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This In the construction elevator with high-speed inverter based on the single-chip microcomputer and single speed sensor, the response of the automatic smooth layer system is often too slow to guarantee the accurate leveling lift, so the system needs frequent calibration. This paper presents a fuzzy algorithm based elevator automatic leveling system using STC controller. Test results show that, under the condition that the load vary frequently and hoist cage fall inertia, the system can predict elevator weight-bearing state or delay in advance to control the inverter.template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper forTrans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. Please make the page settings of your word processor to A4 format (21 x 29,7 cm or 8 x 11 inches); with the margins: bottom 1.5 cm (0.59 in) and top 2.5 cm (0.98 in), right/left margins must be 2 cm (0.78 in). We shall be able to publish your paper in electronic form on our web page http://www.scientific.net, if the paper format and the margins are correct. Your manuscript will be reduced by approximately 20% by the publisher. Please keep this in mind when designing your figures and tables etc.
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Börner, Richard, Michael Penzel, Thomas Junge, and Andreas Schubert. "Design of Deterministic Microstructures as Substrate Pre-Treatment for CVD Diamond Coating." Surfaces 2, no. 3 (September 17, 2019): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces2030037.
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The coating of highly stressed components with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond can extend their lifetime. In particular, the combination of steel substrates with diamond layers would find many applications in industrial production. However, there are some challenges, for example, the high mismatch in the thermal expansion between steel and diamond, which commonly leads to the delamination of the coating. Thus, a pre-treatment of the substrate surface is needed. Particle blasting has been established in some studies as a suitable process. However, apart from particle residues in the surface of the substrate, these surfaces have a stochastic character, which limits their reproducibility and modification options. This paper presents some instructions for the recording and derivation of defined properties of those surfaces. The conversion of characteristic surface features into quantitative process parameters could serve as the foundation for the manufacturing of deterministic microstructures, especially those produced by ultrasonic vibration superimposed machining. This should increase the reproducibility and the possibilities of the modification with regard to the structural shaping of the functional surface. The design was developed using both a kinematic surface simulation tool as well as a finite elements analysis for the cooling process of the coating–substrate–composite. A high accordance with real finished surfaces was achieved.
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Zhao, Zhi Zhong, Kui Li, and Ning Zhang. "The Relationship between Deflection and Maximum Stress Distributed on the Layer Bottom in the Typical Semi-Rigid Bituminous Pavement Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.85.
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This article carries on the test to materials of the roadbed and the pavement in the room, and obtains mechanics computation parameter; Considered the road overload situation, we carries on the modeling computation to the typical semi-rigid bituminous pavement structure through using the finite element software; Carrying on the analysis, we obtains the correlation formula between the road deflection and various structures level maximum stress .it can provide the theory basis and the instruction experience for the highway pavement structure design, the examination and the construction control.
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Rajamäki, Jyri, and Rauno Pirinen. "Design science research towards resilient cyber-physical eHealth systems." Finnish Journal of eHealth and eWelfare 9, no. 2-3 (May 21, 2017): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.23996/fjhw.61000.
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Most eHealth systems are cyber-physical systems (CPSs) making safety-critical decisions based on information from other systems not known during development. In this design science research, a conceptual resilience governance framework for eHealth CPSs is built utilizing 1) cybersecurity initiatives, standards and frameworks, 2) science of design for software-intensive systems and 3) empowering cyber trust and resilience. According to our study, a resilient CPS consists of two sub-systems: the proper resilient system and the situational awareness system. In a system of CPSs, three networks are composed: platform, software and social network. The resilient platform network is the basis on which information sharing between stakeholders could be created via software layers. However, the trust inside social networks quantifies the pieces of information that will be shared - and with whom. From citizens’ point of view, eHealth is wholeness in which requirements of information security hold true. Present procedures emphasize confidentiality at the expense of integrity and availability, and regulations/instructions are used as an excuse not to change even vital information. The mental-picture of cybersecurity should turn from “threat, crime, attack” to “trust” and “resilience”. Creating confidence in safe digital future is truly needed in the integration of the digital and physical world’s leading to a new digital revolution. The precondition for the exchange of information “trust” must be systematically built at every CPS’ level. In health sector, increasingly interconnected social, technical and economic networks create large complex CPSs, and risk assessment of many individual components becomes cost and time prohibitive. When no-one can control all aspects of CPSs, protection-based risk management is not enough to help prepare for and prevent consequences of foreseeable events, but resilience must be built into systems to help them quickly recover and adapt when adverse events do occur.
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Nabavi, Farhad, Shami Nejadi, and Bijan Samali. "Experimental Investigation on Mix Design and Mechanical Properties of Polymer (Latex) Modified Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 687 (April 2013): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.687.112.
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This paper presents the experimental investigation to enhance the mechanical properties of Polymer Modified Concrete (PMC) incorporating Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and describes the potential of using PMC as a structural material. PMC has been used for many years as an over layer in the bridges deck or for the repairing the defected concrete structures subjected to marine environment. But, because of low compressive strength due to foaming phenomenon, PMC has not been considered as a structural concrete. In this study, a range of investigations including sensitivity of PMC to water cement ratio, the effect of SBR proportion on compressive strength and modulus of rupture, selection of the proper antifoaming agent, the effect of various curing methods on compressive strength, proper mix design of PMC to achieve medium to high compressive strength are carried out. Also, the instructions for casting PMC are composed which can be stated as a standard for mixing and curing procedure of PMC. Results show that increasing the proportion of latex in PMC causes the strength reduction. But, using appropriate antifoaming agent (defoamer) and proper curing method, the mechanical properties can be recovered remarkably.
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Kabapınar, Filiz, Candan Cengiz, and Oya Aglarci. "Prospective teachers and secondary students’ ideas on global environmental issues: Contradictions or similarities." International Journal of Learning and Teaching 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v10i1.3141.
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The present study aims to investigate prospective teachers’ (PTs’) and secondary students’ (SSs’) ideas related to environmental issues. A case study design was adopted in this study. SSs (n = 100) who received instruction on environmental issues and PTs (n = 150) who attended courses concerning environmental education were participated in this study. An open-ended questionnaire was designed and used as a data collection tool. Written answers of the participants were analysed in ideographic terms. The results of the study showed that the PTs held a range of alternative ideas similar to SSs. They both linked environmental problems which were irrelevant with cause–effect chain. Yet, PTs provided a more scientific definitions regarding greenhouse effect, global warming and ozone layer depletion as compared to SSs.
Keywords: Global environmental issues, prospective teachers, secondary students, environmental education, greenhouse effect, global warming, ozone layer depletion.
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Upadhyay, Ashwani Kumar, and Komal Khandelwal. "In the age of e-learning: application and impact of augmented reality in training." Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal 32, no. 5 (September 3, 2018): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlo-04-2018-0041.
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Purpose This paper aims to discuss the developments in augmented reality (AR) and its application and impact in the field of training. It highlights major implications for practice by building on current research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the review of important developments in research and practice related to AR. Findings The engagement and retention are higher for AR-based training, as it layers and supplements the real-world environments with additional content. AR training reduces the pressure of memorizing instructions. AR is being adopted by a variety of organizations ranging from healthcare, automotive, firefighting, military, etc. Practical implications The paper provides relevant strategic insights on AR and its relevance in the field of training. Originality/value This paper aids the busy executives and researchers by offering the most relevant and valuable information related to AR in a summarized and crisp format.
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Tahoori, Mehdi, and Mohammad Saber Golanbari. "Cross-Layer Reliability, Energy Efficiency, and Performance Optimization of Near-Threshold Data Paths." Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications 10, no. 4 (December 3, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jlpea10040042.
Full textAbstract:
Modern electronic devices are an indispensable part of our everyday life. A major enabler for such integration is the exponential increase of the computation capabilities as well as the drastic improvement in the energy efficiency over the last 50 years, commonly known as Moore’s law. In this regard, the demand for energy-efficient digital circuits, especially for application domains such as the Internet of Things (IoT), has faced an enormous growth. Since the power consumption of a circuit highly depends on the supply voltage, aggressive supply voltage scaling to the near-threshold voltage region, also known as Near-Threshold Computing (NTC), is an effective way of increasing the energy efficiency of a circuit by an order of magnitude. However, NTC comes with specific challenges with respect to performance and reliability, which mandates new sets of design techniques to fully harness its potential. While techniques merely focused at one abstraction level, in particular circuit-level design, can have limited benefits, cross-layer approaches result in far better optimizations. This paper presents instruction multi-cycling and functional unit partitioning methods to improve energy efficiency and resiliency of functional units. The proposed methods significantly improve the circuit timing, and at the same time considerably limit leakage energy, by employing a combination of cross-layer techniques based on circuit redesign and code replacement techniques. Simulation results show that the proposed methods improve performance and energy efficiency of an Arithmetic Logic Unit by 19% and 43%, respectively. Furthermore, the improved performance of the optimized circuits can be traded to improving the reliability.
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Scionti, Alberto, Somnath Mazumdar, and Antoni Portero. "Towards a Scalable Software Defined Network-on-Chip for Next Generation Cloud." Sensors 18, no. 7 (July 18, 2018): 2330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072330.
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The rapid evolution of Cloud-based services and the growing interest in deep learning (DL)-based applications is putting increasing pressure on hyperscalers and general purpose hardware designers to provide more efficient and scalable systems. Cloud-based infrastructures must consist of more energy efficient components. The evolution must take place from the core of the infrastructure (i.e., data centers (DCs)) to the edges (Edge computing) to adequately support new/future applications. Adaptability/elasticity is one of the features required to increase the performance-to-power ratios. Hardware-based mechanisms have been proposed to support system reconfiguration mostly at the processing elements level, while fewer studies have been carried out regarding scalable, modular interconnected sub-systems. In this paper, we propose a scalable Software Defined Network-on-Chip (SDNoC)-based architecture. Our solution can easily be adapted to support devices ranging from low-power computing nodes placed at the edge of the Cloud to high-performance many-core processors in the Cloud DCs, by leveraging on a modular design approach. The proposed design merges the benefits of hierarchical network-on-chip (NoC) topologies (via fusing the ring and the 2D-mesh topology), with those brought by dynamic reconfiguration (i.e., adaptation). Our proposed interconnect allows for creating different types of virtualised topologies aiming at serving different communication requirements and thus providing better resource partitioning (virtual tiles) for concurrent tasks. To further allow the software layer controlling and monitoring of the NoC subsystem, a few customised instructions supporting a data-driven program execution model (PXM) are added to the processing element’s instruction set architecture (ISA). In general, the data-driven programming and execution models are suitable for supporting the DL applications. We also introduce a mechanism to map a high-level programming language embedding concurrent execution models into the basic functionalities offered by our SDNoC for easing the programming of the proposed system. In the reported experiments, we compared our lightweight reconfigurable architecture to a conventional flattened 2D-mesh interconnection subsystem. Results show that our design provides an increment of the data traffic throughput of 9.5% and a reduction of 2.2× of the average packet latency, compared to the flattened 2D-mesh topology connecting the same number of processing elements (PEs) (up to 1024 cores). Similarly, power and resource (on FPGA devices) consumption is also low, confirming good scalability of the proposed architecture.
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Zhao, Jia, and Watanabe. "Router-integrated Cache Hierarchy Design for Highly Parallel Computing in Efficient CMP Systems." Electronics 8, no. 11 (November 17, 2019): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111363.
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In current Chip Multi-Processor (CMP) systems, data sharing existing in cache hierarchy acts as a critical issue which costs plenty of clock cycles for maintaining data coherence. Along with the integrated core number increasing, the only shared cache serves too many processing threads to maintain sharing data efficiently. In this work, an enhanced router network is integrated within the private cache level for fast interconnecting sharing data accesses existing in different threads. All sharing data in private cache level can be classified into seven access types by experimental pattern analysis. Then, both shared accesses and thread-crossed accesses can be rapidly detected and dealt with in the proposed router network. As a result, the access latency of private cache is decreased, and a conventional coherence traffic problem is alleviated. The process in the proposed path is composed of three steps. Firstly, the target accesses can be detected by exploring in the router network. Then, the proposed replacement logic can handle those accesses for maintaining data coherence. Finally, those accesses are delivered in the proposed data deliverer. Thus, the harmful data sharing accesses are solved within the first chip layer in 3D-IC structure. The proposed system is also implemented into a cycle-precise simulation platform, and experimental results illustrate that our model can improve the Instructions Per Cycle (IPC) of on-chip execution by maximum 31.85 percent, while energy consumption can be saved by about 17.61 percent compared to the base system.
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Pereira Nogueira, P., V. Cavalli, PCS Liporoni, and MA do Rego. "Hybrid Layer Width after Conventional Diamond, Carbide and Ultra-Sound CVD Burs." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 37, no. 1 (September 1, 2012): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.37.1.c86g515t1q576452.
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Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate hybrid layer thickness of primary molars sectioned with diamond, carbide and ultrasonic CVD burs. Study Design: The occlusal enamel surfaces of ten molars were removed and superficial dentin was exposed. Three standardized cavities were prepared at mesial, central and distal exposed dentin with diamond, carbide and ultrasonic CVD burs, respectively. A self-etching adhesive system (Adhese, Ivoclar/Vivadent) was applied to prepared cavities and composite resin Z100 (3M/ESPE) was inserted according to manufacturers’ instructions to hybridized dentin. Samples were lightcured and the crown was sectioned mesio-distally dividing the restored cavities in two halves which were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in order to quantitatively evaluate hybrid layer thickness (µm). Three repeated measures were performed at mesial, central and distal sites and mean values obtained were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Data (mean ± sd) obtained were (µm): 2.69 (0.44), 3.38 (1.23) and 2.72 (1.18) for diamond, carbide and CVD burs, respectively. No differences were observed among groups (p ≯ 0.05). The adhesive systems promoted mechanical retention, uniform and continuous hybrid layer and resin tags formation at all dentin sites for all instruments tested. Conclusion: The results suggest that the minimally invasive cavities prepared with diamond, carbide and CVD for ultrasound, promoted hybrid layer formation with a similar thickness regardless the bur used.
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Cao, Peng, Wei Bao, and Jingjing Guo. "An Accurate and Efficient Timing Prediction Framework for Wide Supply Voltage Design Based on Learning Method." Electronics 9, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040580.
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The wide voltage design methodology has been widely employed in the state-of-the-art circuit design with the advantage of remarkable power reduction and energy efficiency enhancement. However, the timing verification issue for multiple PVT (process–voltage–temperature) corners rises due to unacceptable analysis effort increase for multiple supply voltage nodes. Moreover, the foundry-provided timing libraries in the traditional STA (static timing analysis) approach are only available for the nominal supply voltage with limited voltage scaling, which cannot support timing verification for low voltages down to near- or sub-threshold voltages. In this paper, a learning-based approach for wide voltage design is proposed where feature engineering is performed to enhance the correlation among PVT corners based on a dilated CNN (convolutional neural network) model, and an ensemble model is utilized with two-layer stacking to improve timing prediction accuracy. The proposed method was verified with a commercial RISC (reduced instruction set computer) core under the supply voltage nodes ranging from 0.5 V to 0.9 V. Experimental results demonstrate that the prediction error is limited by 4.9% and 7.9%, respectively, within and across process corners for various working temperatures, which achieves up to 4.4× and 3.9× precision enhancement compared with related learning-based methods.
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Mahmoudi, Hoda, and Hamed Fazlollahtabar. "A Comprehensive Mathematical Programming Model for Minimizing Costs in A Multiple-Item Reverse Supply Chain with Sensitivity Analysis." Management and Production Engineering Review 5, no. 3 (September 29, 2014): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mper-2014-0026.
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Abstract These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for IFAC conferences. A reverse supply chain is configured by a sequence of elements forming a continuous process to treat return-products until they are properly recovered or disposed. The activities in a reverse supply chain include collection, cleaning, disassembly, test and sorting, storage, transport, and recovery operations. This paper presents a mathematical programming model with the objective of minimizing the total costs of reverse supply chain including transportation, fixed opening, operation, maintenance and remanufacturing costs of centers. The proposed model considers the design of a multi-layer, multi-product reverse supply chain that consists of returning, disassembly, processing, recycling, remanufacturing, materials and distribution centers. This integer linear programming model is solved by using Lingo 9 software and the results are reported. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the proposed model is also presented.
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Anakhov, S. V., B. N. Guzanov, A. V. Matushkin, N. B. Pugacheva, and Ya A. Pykin. "Influence of plasma torch design on cutting quality during precision air-plasma cutting of metal." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 63, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2020-2-155-162.
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Optical interferometry and metallographic analysis were used to study structure of cutting seams obtained after 09G2S steel cutting by PMVR-5 plasma torch. These plasma torches have a number of design features in the system of gas-dynamic stabilization of plasma arc. It is shown that application of new plasma torch allows obtaining higher quality of cutting 09G2S steel of medium thickness with high productivity and lower energy costs. Metallographic analysis has shown that qualitative composition of the cut surface structure is almost the same, so priority criteria for comparative quality analysis are parameters of surface microgeometry. Evaluation of this parameter shows high quality of cutting almost along the entire length of a cut, since the influence of technological features of plasma arc cut into the metal affects at a distance of less than 0.3 mm from the edge of the sheet. The use of additional methods of gas-dynamic stabilization in PMVR -5.2 plasma torch (feed symmetry with a double swirl system of plasma-forming gas) allows to achieve additional advantages in terms of surface quality compared to PMVR -5.1. A number of features that affects quality of cut when cutting metals of different thicknesses for welding, is noted depending on the angle of inclination of plasma torch during cutting. Estimates of the surface layer hardness indicate minimal deviations from the requirements of GAZPROM Standard 2-2.4-083 (instructions on welding technologies in the construction and repair of field and main gas pipelines), which allows further use of cutting seams obtained by studied plasma torches for welding without removing zones of thermal influence. Thus, application of new plasma torches makes possible precision finishing plasma cutting of metals, including production of welded joints.
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Azhar, Maytham, and Amin H. Seno. "A Group Authentication Protocol on Multilayer Structure for Privacy-Preserving IoT Environment." Engineering and Technology Journal 37, no. 5A (March 9, 2021): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.37.5a.4.
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In the Internet of Things (IoT) systems, large amounts of data are accumulated from anywhere at any time, which may attack individuals' privacy, especially when systems are utilized in medical and everyday environments. With the promise of IoT's proactive systems, the integration of smart things into standard Internet creates several security challenges, because most Internet technologies, communication protocols and sensors are not designed to support IoT. Recent research studies have shown that launching security / privacy attacks against IoT active systems, in particular, Wearable Medical Sensor (WMS) systems, may lead to catastrophic situations and life-threatening conditions. Therefore, security threats and privacy concerns in the IoT area should be actively studied. This causes us in this paper to create a privacy authentication protocol for IoT end-devices on a four-layer structure that does not have the ability to accurately identify the device of request's sender so that some attacks can be minimized. We used the Blakley Sharing scheme to design a key generation and distribution system for secure communications between edge devices and end devices and examined the security properties of the protocol for the five common attacks in the IoT. The results of the experiments show that the proposed authentication protocol by the Blakley method is more efficient with increasing number of instructions in both fog structures and in a without fog structure, which shows a higher flexibility of the Blakley method than the Schemer because of the increasing number of instructions indicating increasing the number of nodes in the network.
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Lai, Ah-Fur, and Deng-Jyi Chen. "Web-Based Two-Tier Diagnostic Test and Remedial Learning Experiment." International Journal of Distance Education Technologies 8, no. 1 (January 2010): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdet.2010010103.
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Offering a series of diagnosis and individual remedial learning activities for a general class by means of web and multimedia technology can overcome the dilemma of conventional diagnosis and remedial instruction. The study proposes a three-layer conceptual framework and adopts a two-tier diagnostic test theory to develop a web-based two-tier diagnostic test and remedial learning management system called “the Dr. System.” The study also designs the two-tier diagnostic test items of electro-magnetic concepts and the related multimedia remedial learning materials based on the theory of modular course for the purpose of investigating the remedial learning effects. In addition, the study helps the participants eliminate their misconception through a quasi-experiment at an elementary school in a metropolitan area of northern Taiwan. The results show that the learners of the experimental group who received the treatment under the Dr. System performed significantly better than those who took the traditional remedial class. The study also indicates that the web-based two-tier diagnostic test helps us understand learners’ misconceptions. As a result, it also provides learners useful remedial multimedia materials, which are necessary for them to eliminate their individual misconceptions in the remedial learning process.
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Yin, Yuanchu, Jiefan Qiu, Zhiqiang Li, and Mingsheng Cao. "Research on Secure Debugging Interaction of Sensor Nodes Based on Visible Light Communication." Sensors 21, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030953.
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When a wireless sensor node’s wireless communication fails after being deployed in an inaccessible area, the lost node cannot be repaired through a debugging interaction that relies on that communication. Visible light communication (VLC) as a supplement of radio wave communication can improve the transmission security at the physical layer due to its unidirectional propagation characteristic. Therefore, we implemented a VLC-based hybrid communication debugging system (HCDS) based on VLC using smartphone and sensor node. For the system’s downlink, the smartphone is taken as the VLC gateway and sends the debugging codes to the sensor node by the flashlight. To improve the transmission efficiency of the downlink, we also propose a new coding method for source coding and channel coding, respectively. For the source coding, we analyze the binary instructions and compress the operands using bitmask techniques. The average compression rate of the binary structure reaches 84.11%. For the channel coding, we optimize dual-header pulse interval (DH-PIM) and propose overlapped DH-PIM (ODH-PIM) by introducing a flashlight half-on state. The flashlight half-on state can improve the representation capability of individual symbols. For the uplink of HCDS, we use the onboard LED of the sensor node to transmit feedback debugging information to the smartphone. At the same time, we design a novel encoding format of DH-PIM to optimize uplink transmission. Experimental results show that the optimized uplink transmission time and BER are reduced by 10.71% and 22%, compared with the original DH-PIM.
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Kettunen, Ari-Veikko. "Changes to structural solutions and their effect on radon functionality on the structures base on the ground." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 05011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017205011.
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The structural design in terms of radon of the ground-supported base floor solutions currently used in Finland are largely based on the extensive measurements conducted in the 1980s and the 1990s. In addition to ventilating/underpressurising the base of the building, the instructions in Finland and other European countries i.e. Denmark [1] focus on the adequate sealing of the base floor structure in order to prevent the air containing radon from the soil from entering the rooms at harmful levels with air flows. According to the Finnish radon guidelines, the transmission of radon by means of diffusion is prevented by using a sufficiently thick concrete slab. The structural solutions used in base floors have, however, developed significantly over the decades. The thickness of thermal insulation of a ground-supported base floor slab has been increased significantly especially due to reasons related to the conservation of energy. In the 1980s, the polystyrene layer in the base floor was 50...100 mm, whereas it currently is 200 mm. This change reduces the ground temperature under the thermal insulation, thereby also reducing the moisture diffusion flow from the ground to the concrete slab of the base floor. As a result, the current concrete slabs used in the base floor will be significantly drier than those of the 1980s after the construction humidity has dried. Underfloor heating, which is nowadays used in Finland very commonly, also impacts the moisture of the concrete slab by increasing the concrete slab’s temperature and drying it further. The measurements now conducted on concrete have shown that the radon diffusion permeability of dry concrete (Rh approximately 50%) is so high that stopping the radon diffusion flow solely by means of an 80-mm concrete slab may not be an adequate solution in some cases.
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Luftig, David, and Joan Plungis. "OhioLINK librarians and Google Scholar over time: a longitudinal analysis of attitudes and uses." Reference Services Review 48, no. 4 (October 26, 2020): 683–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rsr-04-2020-0031.
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Purpose This study aims to focus on how librarians use and promote Google Scholar (GS) within their library instruction sessions. This study also examines how Google Scholar and the Google Scholar discovery layer, library links, is promoted on library websites. This information is then analyzed across the three date ranges. Design/methodology/approach This study provides a longitudinal analysis of the opinions and uses of Google Scholar by the Ohio consortium of libraries, OhioLINK. This study uses survey data that was collected in 2007, 2014 and 2019 via the OhioLINK Listserv and builds off of co-author’s previous study (2008), which examined the attitudes of OhioLINK librarians as it related to Google Scholar. Findings The results of this research suggested that there were significant changes in use and opinions of Google Scholar between 2007 and 2014 with more normalization of uses and opinions occurring between 2014 and 2019. Research limitations/implications Respondents were not asked for the type of library where they work or to identify their position within their libraries, which necessarily limits the conclusions that can be drawn from the survey responses. In retrospect, limiting the sample to instruction librarians or faculty librarians might have yielded more meaningful results. Additionally, this project did not evaluate the uses and opinions of librarians using GS at the reference desk. By providing this information, it would be easier to truly glean the uses and opinions of librarians with regard to GS. Practical implications This research will assist librarians contextualize how one of the most popular research resources has been used and promoted by those within the field and how those opinions have changed over time. This study will provide context into how Google Scholar became one of the most popular research tools and how attitudes of this unprecedented, and controversial, resource came to be accepted by librarians over the past 15 years. Social implications This study will help librarians better contextualize how other librarians use and promote Google Scholar. Furthermore, it demonstrates how a controversial information research tool became accepted by those in the field over time. Originality/value According to the authors’ knowledge, this research is the only study to provide a longitudinal analysis of the librarian opinions of Google Scholar. It targeted the same audience in identical surveys in a way no other Google Scholar research has done. It builds off of the co-author’s (2008) work, which is a well-cited study regarding librarian attitudes of Google Scholar. This research was done on the 15th year anniversary of Google Scholar.
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Van Herbruggen, Ben, Bart Jooris, Jen Rossey, Matteo Ridolfi, Nicola Macoir, Quinten Van den Brande, Sam Lemey, and Eli De Poorter. "Wi-PoS: A Low-Cost, Open Source Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Hardware Platform with Long Range Sub-GHz Backbone." Sensors 19, no. 7 (March 30, 2019): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071548.
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Ultra-wideband (UWB) localization is one of the most promising approaches for indoor localization due to its accurate positioning capabilities, immunity against multipath fading, and excellent resilience against narrowband interference. However, UWB researchers are currently limited by the small amount of feasible open source hardware that is publicly available. We developed a new open source hardware platform, Wi-PoS, for precise UWB localization based on Decawave’s DW1000 UWB transceiver with several unique features: support of both long-range sub-GHz and 2.4 GHz back-end communication between nodes, flexible interfacing with external UWB antennas, and an easy implementation of the MAC layer with the Time-Annotated Instruction Set Computer (TAISC) framework. Both hardware and software are open source and all parameters of the UWB ranging can be adjusted, calibrated, and analyzed. This paper explains the main specifications of the hardware platform, illustrates design decisions, and evaluates the performance of the board in terms of range, accuracy, and energy consumption. The accuracy of the ranging system was below 10 cm in an indoor lab environment at distances up to 5 m, and accuracy smaller than 5 cm was obtained at 50 and 75 m in an outdoor environment. A theoretical model was derived for predicting the path loss and the influence of the most important ground reflection. At the same time, the average energy consumption of the hardware was very low with only 81 mA for a tag node and 63 mA for the active anchor nodes, permitting the system to run for several days on a mobile battery pack and allowing easy and fast deployment on sites without an accessible power supply or backbone network. The UWB hardware platform demonstrated flexibility, easy installation, and low power consumption.
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Ayres, AP, PH Freitas, J. De Munck, A. Vananroye, C. Clasen, CT dos Santos Dias, M. Giannini, and B. Van Meerbeek. "Benefits of Nonthermal Atmospheric Plasma Treatment on Dentin Adhesion." Operative Dentistry 43, no. 6 (November 1, 2018): E288—E299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/17-123-l.
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SUMMARY Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of two nonthermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) application times and two storage times on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin. The influence of NTAP on the mechanical properties of the dentin-resin interface was studied by analyzing nanohardness (NH) and Young's modulus (YM). Water contact angles of pretreated dentin and hydroxyapatite blocks were also measured to assess possible alterations in the surface hydrophilicity upon NTAP. Methods and Materials: Forty-eight human molars were used in a split-tooth design (n=8). Midcoronal exposed dentin was flattened by a 600-grit SiC paper. One-half of each dentin surface received phosphoric acid conditioning, while the other half was covered with a metallic barrier and remained unetched. Afterward, NTAP was applied on the entire dentin surface (etched or not) for 10 or 30 seconds. The control groups did not receive NTAP treatment. Scotchbond Universal (SBU; 3M ESPE) and a resin-based composite were applied to dentin following the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours of water storage at 37°C, the specimens were sectioned perpendicular to the interface to obtain approximately six specimens or bonded beams (approximately 0.9 mm2 in cross-sectional area) representing the etch-and-rinse (ER) approach and another six specimens representing the self-etch (SE) approach. Half of the μTBS specimens were immediately loaded until failure, while the other half were first stored in deionized water for two years. Three other bonded teeth were selected from each group (n=3) for NH and YM evaluation. Water contact-angle analysis was conducted using a CAM200 (KSV Nima) goniometer. Droplet images of dentin and hydroxyapatite surfaces with or without 10 or 30 seconds of plasma treatment were captured at different water-deposition times (5 to 55 seconds). Results: Two-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in μTBS of SBU to dentin after two years of water storage in the SE approach, without differences among treatments. After two years of water aging, the ER control and ER NTAP 10-second groups showed lower μTBS means compared with the ER NTAP 30-second treated group. Nonthermal atmospheric plasma resulted in higher NH and YM for the hybrid layer. The influence of plasma treatment in hydrophilicity was more evident in the hydroxyapatite samples. Dentin hydrophilicity increased slightly after 10 seconds of NTAP, but the difference was higher when the plasma was used for 30 seconds. Conclusions: Dentin NTAP treatment for 30 seconds contributed to higher μTBS after two years of water storage in the ER approach, while no difference was observed among treatments in the SE evaluation. This result might be correlated to the increase in nanohardness and Young's modulus of the hybrid layer and to better adhesive infiltration, since dentin hydrophilicity was also improved. Although some effects were observed using NTAP for 10 seconds, the results suggest that 30 seconds is the most indicated treatment time.
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Lapeña, Jose Florencio F. "Creative Concretions, Pearls and Publication: The Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery on its Thirtieth Year." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 26, no. 2 (December 3, 2011): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v26i2.563.
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“Who, on finding one pearl of great value,
went and sold all that he had and bought it.”1
Matthew 13:46
The traditional thirtieth anniversary symbol is the pearl. Pearls are calcareous concretions of nacre formed through a biomineralization process incited by an irritant in the tissue of bivalve mollusks, producing concentric layers of crystal-form CaC03 (aragonite or calcite) and an organic binding agent, conchiolin.2,3 Interestingly, the modern thirtieth anniversary symbol is the diamond. Whether it is reflective of the fast-food generation penchant for instant gratification, or a commentary on their transient perspective on relations to fast-track the traditional diamond jubilee, the pearl teaches a lesson all its own. In contrast to the fiery metamorphosis of carbon to brilliant diamond, pearls are examples of slower creative processes overcoming potential destruction, or patiently making the best of a bad situation, demonstrated by the lowly oyster. As Federico Fellini put it, “All art is autobiographical; the pearl is the oyster's autobiography.”4
There is great value in painstakingly producing a work of art or craft, science or technology. The mentifacts and artifacts conceived and created by our minds and hands arise from our interactions with the geosphere, biosphere and sociosphere. Our research in these spheres reciprocally affects them in a continuing spiral of experience, reflection and expression as our findings are published and disseminated to others. Moreover, the elements that make up the components of our research and publication activity, including the materials we use and the methods by which they are sourced, used and disposed of, also affect these spheres of our existence, and affect us in return.5
Our journal is itself the product of countless hours of writing, editing and review by our authors, editors and reviewers. From initial manuscript submission, through research design and methodological evaluation and reference checks, repeated form and content editing and revision, to external review and more revisions, each manuscript is painstakingly shepherded through the editing and review process, to final copyediting, galley proofing and approval of accepted manuscripts. The entire process can take anywhere from two weeks (for well-written manuscripts compliant with Instructions to Authors and excellent reviewers) to two years (for more challenging manuscripts, with equally challenged authors or reviewers). The online Editorial Management System has increased the number of overseas submissions, reflected in our growing international contributions. Our publication is disseminated electronically and in print to subscribers and medical libraries and indexed on multiple databases. It is a pearl of great value to many who benefit from the knowledge and wisdom contained in its pages, and who in turn use their learning for the good of their colleagues, trainees, students, patients, families and communities.
It would not have been possible without the contributions of our authors, the dedication of our editors, the zeal of our reviewers, the support of our specialty society and the patronage of our readers. Thank you. We especially thank our Editorial Assistant (Weng) and our Layout (Virgie) and Artistic (Erika) Producers and Copywriter (Patti) for their strong, silent background support. Another milestone has been achieved. We are now thirty years old. Maraming Salamat Po!
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Tracey, Monica W., and Kelly L. Unger. "Cross Cultural Instruction: An Instructional Design Case." International Journal of Designs for Learning 1, no. 1 (August 18, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/ijdl.v1i1.845.
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In an authentic example of linking design and development with learning and performance, an international real estate development firm defined a problem; implementing a cleaning system in the largest mall in the world with a cross-cultural unskilled work force in Dubai, UAE. Partnering with a university instructional design team employing a rapid prototyping methodology and the constructivist ID approach, Layers of Negotiation Model, a comprehensive curriculum was designed. This article describes the project background, initial design, the ID team's work in Dubai, illustrates the product, and summarizes the design experience.KeywordsCross-cultural instructional design, design-based research, job aids, constructivist ID environments, layers of negotiation model, rapid prototyping, project management
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McBeath, Clare, and Roger Atkinson. "Curriculum, instructional design and the technologies: Planning for educational delivery." Australasian Journal of Educational Technology 8, no. 2 (December 1, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.14742/ajet.2251.
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<span>There has been a tendency in the past for people to see curriculum development, instructional design and the technologies used for educational delivery as three different, but complete, approaches to the output of learning materials. At times there has been inadequate communication and even antagonism between the practitioners of the different fields. Each field views its own expertise as all encompassing and able to perform all that is required in the production of educational programs and materials. This paper examines these three areas of expertise, describing their backgrounds, analysing the different types of responsibilities and looking for definable interfaces between them. It presents a layered model, wherein each layer has an interrelating place as part of a holistic approach to the production of good educational materials. Examples are given to illustrate the requirements, limitations and opportunities offered by each layer of the model to those above and below it.</span>
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Behizadeh, Nadia. "Missing the sociopolitical: examining discourses of writing in a US high-performing, urban middle school." English Teaching: Practice & Critique ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (September 23, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-12-2019-0166.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine two teachers’ beliefs and practices on teaching writing at an urban, high-performing middle school to determine: What discourses of writing are being taught in an urban, high-performing US public middle school? What factors prevent or enable particular discourses? Design/methodology/approach Drawing on case study methods, this study uses a single-case design with two seventh-grade teachers at a high-performing urban school as embedded units of analysis. Data collection took place over one semester. Data sources included observations and interviews with the two teachers, an interview with an administrator and multiple instructional artifacts, including unit and lesson plans. Observational data were analyzed using a priori code for writing discourses (Ivanic, 2004) and interview data were analyzed for factors affecting instruction using open, axial and selective coding. Findings Both teachers enacted extended multi-discourse writing instruction integrating skills, creativity, process, genre and social practices discourses supported by their beliefs and experience; colleagues; students’ relatively high test scores; and relative curricular freedom. However, there was minimal evidence of a sociopolitical discourse aligned with critical literacy practices. Limits to the sociopolitical discourse included a lack of a social justice orientation, an influx of low-performing students, a focus on raising test scores, data-focused professional development and district pacing guides. Racism is also considered as an underlying structural factor undermining the sociopolitical discourse. Research limitations/implications Although generalizability is limited because of the small sample size and the unique context of this study, two major implications are the need to layer discourses in writing instruction while centering critical pedagogy and develop teacher beliefs and knowledge. To support these two implications, this study suggests developing university-school partnerships and professional development opportunities that create a community of practice around comprehensive writing instruction. Future research will involve continuing to work with the participants in this study and documenting the effects of providing theory and tools for integrating the sociopolitical discourse into middle school curricula and instruction. Originality/value This study contributes to the field of literacy education’s understanding of internal and external factors limiting the sociopolitical discourse in a high-performing, urban middle school in the USA, an understudied context.
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Morales-Nava, Renato, Víctor Manuel Zamudio-Rodriguez, Francisco Javier Navarro-Barrón, David Asael Gutierrez-Hernandez, María del Rosario Baltazar-Flores, and Héctor José Puga-Soberanes. "Evaluación de un Sistema jerárquico difuso, utilizando conceptos compuestos difusos en sistemas de terapia asistida por computadora." Journal of Computational Systems and ICTs, June 30, 2019, 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35429/jcsi.2019.15.5.9.13.
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Fuzzy logic systems provide a set of proven tools and methods to imitate or emulate human basic reasoning, that is, transform it into instructions that the computer can understand or transform into binary instructions. Based on the structure with multiple layers, subsystems and varied topologies that in previous research have shown that fuzzy hierarchical systems have been used to improve the interpretability, in this research work the objective is to design a fuzzy hierarchical system using fuzzy composite concepts artificial intelligence compounds to measure the efficiency of simulated scenarios. As a fundamental part of the present investigation, an analysis is made of the sensitivity of the results of the fuzzy system with respect to its inputs and with a set of membership functions, in a virtual scenario; which allows demonstrating the advantages obtained by applying a fuzzy hierarchical system to systems oriented to the area of health.
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Stoetzel, Lindsay, and Stephanie Shedrow. "Making the Transition to Virtual Methods in the Literacy Classroom: Reframing Teacher Education Practices." Excelsior: Leadership in Teaching and Learning 13, no. 2 (March 10, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.14305/jn.19440413.2021.13.2.04.
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In response to the COVID 19 pandemic universities and colleges abruptly closed and teacher educators had little time to move instruction from face-to-face classrooms to digital learning environments. This sudden shift created a myriad of obstacles as instructors worked to retain pedagogically sound and effective instruction digitally—while also preparing novice teachers to teach online themselves. Adding another layer of complexity was prospective teachers’ lack of knowledge and hesitation regarding technology tools, as well as how to meaningfully integrate the tools into their teaching. Facing these challenges, we as literacy teacher educators drew upon effective methods of teacher education, literacy practices and digital literacy to rethink the way we design lessons and assignments for our literacy methods courses. The framework we created for restructuring the integration of technology into courses can be duplicated across disciplines and guide instructors to reconceptualize their use of tech tools to re-envision face-to-face and digital instruction to expand learning outcomes.
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Jensen, Morten Vadskær, and Brian Nielsen. "Real-Time Layered Video Compression using SIMD Computation." BRICS Report Series 5, no. 45 (June 15, 1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/brics.v5i45.19490.
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We present the design and implementation of a high performance layered video codec, designed for deployment in bandwidth heterogeneous networks. The codec combines wavelet based subband decomposition and discrete cosine transforms to facilitate layered spatial and SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) coding for bit-rate adaptation to a wide range of receiver capabilities. We show how a test video stream can be partitioned into several distinct layers of increasing visual quality and bandwidth requirements, with the difference between highest and lowest requirement being 47 : 1. Through the use of the Visual Instruction Set on SUN's Ultra-SPARC platform we demonstrate how SIMD parallel image processing enables real-time layered encoding and decoding in software. Our 384 * 320 * 24-bit test video stream is partitioned into 21 layers at a speed of 39 frames per second and reconstructed at 28 frames per second. Our VIS accelerated encoder stages are about 3-4 times as fast as an optimized C version. We find that this speed-up is well worth the extra implementation effort.
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"Application Framework Development for Algorithm Design of PAPR Reduction in OFDM." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 2763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b2271.129219.
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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a well-built candidate for Physical Layer of 5G Communications as like it was there in 3G and 4G. With many advantages OFDM has some limitations like synchronization, Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) etc. PAPR in OFDM remained the hot topic in PHY design of modern wireless communication systems since decades. Researchers are working to solve this problem with various approaches. Being one of the problem solvers team we realized that for a new researcher major effort goes into development of framework rather than actual PAPR algorithm. With this paper we tried to solve this issue by designing a simplified framework for developing, testing and measurement of PAPR of OFDM in Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) Platform. LabVIEW is a cutting edge, state of the art graphical programming environment which makes programming more simplified by adapting icons and connectors instead of text instructions, which makes computer programming language least complex, so that one can focus more on algorithm design rather than solving syntactical issues of the programming language. There are numerous applications of LabVIEW platform such as Instrumentation, image processing, digital signal processing, digital communication and many more. We have used core programming, signal processing and digital communication modules of LabVIEW for this research work. This paper has three sections, in section one, we explained need of framework, in second section we have explained detailed explanation of framework and its deployment and in the third section result and conclusion has been described..
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"Process of Vision Development with a Resilience Approach for Earthquake-stricken Neighborhoods of Shiroodi and Fooladi after Sarpol-e Zahab Earthquake in 2017." Journal of Rescue and Relief, June 7, 2021, 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32592/jorar.2021.13.2.4.
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INTRODUCTION: The rapid population growth and fast-paced development of urban texture have given rise to unwise decisions which can be only prevented by strategic management of city neighborhoods based on a vision in accordance with the common values of society. The vision development aims at determining the position a neighborhood strives to reach. In the meantime, disaster-stricken areas have a special position, considering reconstruction as a golden opportunity. The present article aimed to develop a vision for Shiroodi and Fooladi neighborhoods in Sarpol-e Zahab after the 1396 earthquake in Kermanshah province. METHODS: The present applied research was conducted based on a descriptive-analytical design. To this end, situation assessment was firstly performed in both strategic and local domains based on urban systems. For each system, the table of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) was prepared. Moreover, combining different layers, a vulnerability map and an integrated SWOT analysis map were obtained. Finally, based on these maps, field observations, interviews with residents, and expert opinions, a vision statement was presented and the necessary policies were formulated. FINDINGS: Based on the obtained results, the strengths, and opportunities, such as quick access to the main artery and the presence of barren lands, have a resilient state in response to disasters. On the other hand, weaknesses, and threats, such as construction on agricultural lands or the narrow passages, are among the factors that highlight the need to select a vision with a resilient approach to future disasters. CONCLUSION: As evidenced by the research of the study, the first stage of visioning must be based on urban systems, such as land use, movement and access, physical form, and landscape urbanism. In this regard, a vision needs to assess resilience at different physical, environmental, social, and economic levels. Furthermore, this vision should lead to the presentation of some instructions, such as the obtainment of a checkered texture, expansion of green spaces, reduction of enclosures, as well as safety in infrastructure and networks, to increase the resilience of the target neighborhood after the earthquake.
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Levkovich, Tatiana, Zelgedin Mevlidinov, Natalja Tuljankina, and Maksim Vishtalenko. "The study of strength of sandy soils reinforced with cement with the addition of «DorZem Ds-1», for use in the construction of foundations of roads." Russian journal of transport engineering 6, no. 2 (June 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.15862/09sats219.
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Currently, road organizations are faced with the problem of increasing the bearing capacity of the layers of road pavement. This problem can be solved by using new design solutions, technologies and materials. The use of local road construction materials, industrial waste, stabilization and strengthening of soils in the foundations of the pavement will increase the bearing capacity of the pavement, reduce transportation costs for the delivery of materials and reduce the cost of construction. Strengthening of soils – a set of measures to improve their strength and water resistance. In the process of strengthening the soils for use in the foundations of the pavement the main task is to obtain a new building material with the desired structural and mechanical properties. The process of strengthening is a process of structure formation, new connections are created by influencing the soil structure-forming binders (cement, lime, organic binders, etc.). When stabilizing the properties of soils, mainly the content of water in the soil, use stabilizers. They usually are water-repellent additives. When strengthening the soil can use different types of modifiers: Russian and foreign. We used the modifier «Dorzem DS-1». It is a powdery substance. The use of «Dorzem DS-1» fundamentally changes the process of crystallization. The mechanism of binding of soil particles changes from «bonding» to the «plexus» – when hitting the «Dorzem DS-1» in the ground begin to form crystalline dlinnorylye of communication, which «envelop» all the elements. On the strength of they, like Kevlar thread (strong, flexible). Due to this, strong, wear-resistant structures are obtained (cement, lime, organic binders, etc.). Several years in a row on the instructions of road construction organizations of the city of Bryansk employees of the Department «Roads» BGITU conducted research to strengthen clay soils. Recently, road organizations began to prefer sandy soils. They are enough in the Bryansk region, but they are mostly fine-grained and dusty. Performing the task of LLC «Bryansk road construction company №1», we have previously been installed grain composition of sandy soil. Its density and humidity were determined. From the silty sand specimens have been fabricated reinforced soil using Portland cement grade 400, modifiers the «Palace area DS-1» and water for mixing, tested. The samples had cuboid shape with dimensions: 10х10х10 cm and 7х7х7 cm. The compressive strength was determined as the average value of four samples in a series made from a mixture of one composition. The Age of the samples during the tests was 28 days, which corresponds to the brand strength of the main mineral binder of the 1st type (Portland cement) – GOST23558-94 p. 6.1. Laboratory tests of samples from the soil treated with cement and cement plus the additive «Dorzem DS-1» showed that the greatest strength can be achieved by adding to the soil 12 % of the cement over the weight of the soil and 3 % of the additive. The strength obtained in this case is 4,882 MPa, i.e. about 5 MPa. In the manufacture of samples of hardened soil cement with one (12 % in excess of the weight of the clay) strength is much lower 3,712 MPa. This pattern is observed in other formulations of recipes. The use of additives «Dorzem DS-1» in strengthening the soil can improve the performance of water resistance and frost resistance, eliminate the formation of cracks.