Journal articles: 'Instrumental indentation'

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Gladkikh, E. V., I. I. Maslenikov, V. N. Reshetov, and A. S. Useinov. "Portable Hardness Tester for Instrumental Indentation." Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques 14, no. 4 (2020): 846–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s102745102003026x.

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Vinogradova, Anna, Kirill Gogolinskii, Alexander Umanskii, Varvara Alekhnovich, Alena Tarasova, and Alena Melnikova. "Method of the Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Polyethylene Gas Pipelines with Portable Hardness Testers." Inventions 7, no. 4 (2022): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions7040125.

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This article is devoted to the study of means and methods for non-destructive testing mechanical properties of polyethylene gas pipelines that have been in operation for 25–55 years. In order to assess mechanical properties, stress at yield was chosen as a key parameter. Stress at yield is determined from the results of tensile tests and is associated with the limiting circumferential (hoop) stress, determined from the results of tests for short-term pressure. Tensile tests require sample cutting and the shutdown of pipelines’ service. To solve this problem of nondestructive testing of pipelines, tests were carried out using the methods of Shore, Leeb and dynamic instrumental indentation. According to the test results, it was revealed that the correlation coefficient between the values of stress at yield and hardness, obtained by the method of dynamic instrumental indentation, is 0.98 which confirms the possibility of the evaluation of the mechanical properties of pipelines by the method of dynamic instrumental indentation.

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Gogolinskii, K. V., A. S. Umanskii, A. S. Golev, K. I. Doronin, and K. A. Tomsky. "Analysis of methods for calculating the module of elasticity during dynamic instrumental indentation." Дефектоскопия, no. 7 (August 23, 2024): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0130308224070098.

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The results of a comparative analysis of three methods for calculating the elastic modulus during dynamic instrumental indentation are presented: in accordance with GOST R 56474, GOST R 8.748 and the proposed original method based on data from optical analysis of the indentation using prepared samples of alloys 20Х25Н20С2, 20Х23Н18 and BrANZhNMts9-4-4- 1.

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P.M., OGAR, SHILIN V.A., KAR'YALAJNEN N.V., and OBUCHOV Z.D. "MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF DIAGRAMS OF INSTRUMENTAL INDENTATION BY A SPHERE. THE BASIC INDENTATION EQUATION." Systems. Methods. Technologies, no. 1(57) (2023): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18324/2077-5415-2023-1-21-27.

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Galanov, B. A., S. M. Ivanov, and V. V. Kartuzov. "Extended characterization of materials based on continuous instrumented indentation diagrams." Uspihi materialoznavstva 2021, no. 3 (2021): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/materials2021.03.013.

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In addition to the traditional determination of hardness and elastic moduli from continuous diagrams of instrumental indentation, it is proposed to determine the yield stress, the characteristic of plasticity, the characteristic relative size of the elastoplastic zone under the indenter, and the volumetric deformation of the material in the area of contact of the indenter with the sample. The indentation diagram shows the transition point to the unconstrained material flow under the indenter. Keywords: indentation, hardness, elastic moduli, contact stiffness, elastic-plastic strains.

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Jiang, Chulin, Michael Davis, and Jurgita Zekonyte. "Finding Minimal Optimal Indent Separation for Polystyrene via Instrumental Nanoindentation and FEA Method." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (2020): 4262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124262.

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Nanoindentation became a standard non-destructive technique to measure mechanical properties at the submicron scale of various materials. A set of empirical rules were established to guarantee the validity of the results. One of those rules is the separation between individual indents that should be 20–30 times maximum indentation depth. This paper investigates the influence of the distance between indents on the accuracy of mechanical properties for polystyrene with a view to determine minimum optimal separation that is needed to measure various material properties. A series of different depths with three different orientations was considered through both the experimental and finite element method to explore the relationship between the distance and indentation depth. Both methods demonstrated that hardness and modulus values for polystyrene keep stable with the distance approximately 15 times the maximum indentation depth for the matrix type set up, and nominal separation of 10 is enough when indents are executed in a single row or column.

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VanLandingham, Mark. "The Effect of Instrumental Uncertainties on AFM Indentation Measurements." Microscopy Today 5, no. 10 (1997): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500060697.

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The accuracy and precision of the quantitative measurements made with various types of scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) can be limited by instrumentation error. The piezoelectric scanners that are utilized in SPMs control either the motion of the cantilever probe with respect to a stationary sample or the motion of the sample with respect to a stationary probe. While these scanners offer many advantageous characteristics that are critical to the performance of SPMs, they also exhibit several behaviors, e.g., hysteresis and creep, that introduce uncertainties in measurements. Also, the nonlinearities associated with the photodiode used in the optical lever detection system can detract from the accuracy of measurements

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Meng, Yujie, Yuzhi Xia, Timothy M. Young, Zhiyong Cai, and Siqun Wang. "Viscoelasticity of wood cell walls with different moisture content as measured by nanoindentation." RSC Advances 5, no. 59 (2015): 47538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra05822h.

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Skazochkin, A. A., G. G. Bondarenko, and P. Żukowski. "Features of Measuring the Hardness of a Metal Surface Modified with Ultrafine Particles of Minerals." Devices and Methods of Measurements 11, no. 3 (2020): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-3-212-221.

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One of the important characteristics of the surface properties of metal parts subjected to friction is hardness. Hardness measurements are important for determining the operational characteristics of parts and monitoring the technological regimes of surface modification. However, hardness measurements of thin modified layers made by different methods can lead to differences in measurement results. The aim of the article was to study the hardness of a metal surface modified with ultrafine particles of minerals by two different methods (instrumental indentation and Vickers hardness measurement) and a comparative analysis of the measurement results obtained by these methods.Standard Vickers hardness measurements at loads of 0.025, 0.1 and 0.5 kgf showed a qualitative difference between the hardness values of the two samples modified with different mixtures of ultrafine particles of minerals and a large heterogeneity of the hardness values over the area. By the method of instrumental hardness, standard measurements were performed without preliminary selection of the indentation site (at a load of 1.05 N) and measurements during indentation into even sections (at low loads of 10 mN).It is noted that the high precision of measurements implemented by instrumental indentation, due to the large roughness of the samples, leads to large values of the error in calculating the measurement results. An additional difference in the results of measurements performed by two methods at shallow indentation depths may be due to the fact that the object under study has a complex structure consisting of a metal matrix and particles distributed over the depth of the sample. A possible way out of the situation lies in the transition from the use of hardness measures when calibrating instruments to standard samples of properties for which the constancy of mechanical properties in the measured range of indentation depths will be ensured, but which are not yet available in research practice. Therefore, at present, when carrying out work related to the search for optimal conditions for obtaining thin wear-resistant layers on the surface of metals modified with ultrafine particles of minerals, comparative measurements performed by one measurement method are recommended.

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Velichko, S. A., I. N. Kravchenko, P. V. Chumakov, O. V. Barmina, and Yu A. Kuznetsov. "Determining the Young Modulus of Electrospark Coatings by Instrumental Indentation." Journal of Machinery Manufacture and Reliability 51, no. 7 (2022): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1052618822070184.

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Shchipachev, A. M., and A. I. Alekhin. "PREDICTION OF BRITTLE FRACTURE OF OIL AND GAS PIPELINES BASED ON INSTRUMENTAL INDENTATION DATA." Problems of Gathering Treatment and Transportation of Oil and Oil Products, no. 3 (June 20, 2025): 79–88. https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2025-3-79-88.

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The paper proposes a new approach for determining the critical brittle fracture temperature of steels used in oil and gas pipelines, based on the results of tests using the instrumental indentation method. This method relies on the analysis of static indentation results of an indenter into the surface of the wall or metal sample. The established correlation between true fracture stress and the Zener-Holloman parameter opens up new opportunities for analyzing the effects of temperature and plastic deformation rate on the steel embrittlement process. The developed methodology allows not only for the assessment of the critical brittle fracture temperature after prolonged service but also for the prediction of its dynamics based on operational conditions. This approach contributes to more accurate forecasting of material durability and its behavior under extreme conditions, which is crucial for enhancing structure reliability. The practical applicability of the method is demonstrated using X70 pipeline steel. Experimental data on the indenter penetration depth were obtained using tests on standard samples with various cut orientations. Deformation characteristics were determined by using static tensile tests of flat samples. The thermal activation parameters of plastic deformation were established based on reference data concerning the temperature dependence of yield strength. Successful application of the method requires strict control of deformation characteristics and indentation rate. This approach may be useful for assessing the residual life and safe operation of pipelines and pressure vessels.

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Voronin, A. "ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS FOR SPECIFIC DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF TOPOCOMPOSITE OF THE ALN-D16T SYSTEM DURING INSTRUMENTAL INDENTATION." East European Scientific Journal 2, no. 10(74) (2021): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.2.74.133.

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The reasons for obtaining the unloading curves of the indentation diagrams of topocomposites coated with aluminum nitride with a nonlinear section of the end of the unloading curve are investigated. The influence of the plasticity of the base and the structure of the coating of aluminum nitride of coatings deposited by the magnetron method on the base made of aluminum alloy D16T on the mechanism of deformation and destruction of the topocomposite was evaluated. The assessment of these characteristics was carried out based on the results of the analysis of model and experimental indentation diagrams of topocomposites with coatings of aluminum nitride and titanium nitride, as well as using the results of materials science studies of the behavior of materials of topocomposite components at high specific loads known in the literature. It was found that the nonlinear shape of the end of the unloading curves is associated with solid-phase structural changes in the coating material. The level of solid-phase structural changes in the coating can be estimated from the width of the hysteresis loops during repeated indentation cycles.

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VanLandingham, M., J. Villarrubia, G. Meyers, and M. Dineen. "Advancing Nanoscale Indentation Measurements Toward Quantitative Characterization of Polymer Properties." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (2000): 1108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600038034.

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The ultimate objective of instrumented indentation testing is to obtain absolute measurements of material properties and behavior. To achieve this goal, accurate knowledge of the shape of the indenter tip is required. For indentation measurements involving sub-micrometer scale contacts, accurate knowledge of the tip shape can be difficult to achieve. In this presentation, a technique referred to as blind reconstruction is applied to the measurement of tip shapes of indenters used with the atomic force microscope (AFM) to indent polymeric materials.The AFM has been used recently to make nanoscale indentation measurements and is particularly useful for evaluating the mechanical response of polymeric materials. These measurements can be made using AFM cantilever probes and operating the AFM in force mode with some modifications to account for lateral tip motion. Because the AFM was not specifically designed as an indentation device, other complications can arise due to instrumental uncertainties such as piezo hysteresis, piezo creep, and photodiode nonlinearities.

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Li, Jiang, Fu Guo Li, Xin Kai Ma, Ming Jie Zhang, and Zhan Wei Yuan. "Micromechanical Study of the Forged Ti-1023 Titanium Alloy by Micro-Indentation." Key Engineering Materials 765 (March 2018): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.765.160.

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In order to study the micromechanical behaviour of the forged Ti-1023 titanium alloy, micro-indentation experiments of the forged Ti-1023 titanium alloy were performed with various maximum indentation loads from 500 mN to 4000 mN and various loading speeds from 5.06 mN/s to 51.85 mN/s. Using the experimental data, the non-destructive instrumental approach was applied to indicate the mechanical properties just like the Young’s modulusE, microhardnessH, initial yield stressσyand strain hardening exponentnusing theP-hcurves from the tests. The result showed that the value of the indentation Young’s modulus basically remain unchanged in the range from 110 GPa to 150 GPa andHdecreased with the increase of the load, the micro-indentaion plasticity constitutive equations were obtained by using Hookean elastic and power-law plastic stress-strain equations.

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Ruiz-Moreno, Ana, Peter Hähner, Lukasz Kurpaska, et al. "Round Robin into Best Practices for the Determination of Indentation Size Effects." Nanomaterials 10, no. 1 (2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010130.

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The paper presents a statistical study of nanoindentation results obtained in seven European laboratories that have joined a round robin exercise to assess methods for the evaluation of indentation size effects. The study focuses on the characterization of ferritic/martensitic steels T91 and Eurofer97, envisaged as structural materials for nuclear fission and fusion applications, respectively. Depth-controlled single cycle measurements at various final indentation depths, force-controlled single cycle and force-controlled progressive multi-cycle measurements using Berkovich indenters at room temperature have been combined to calculate the indentation hardness and the elastic modulus as a function of depth applying the Oliver and Pharr method. Intra- and inter-laboratory variabilities have been evaluated. Elastic modulus corrections have been applied to the hardness data to compensate for materials related systematic errors, like pile-up behaviour, which is not accounted for by the Oliver and Pharr theory, and other sources of instrumental or methodological bias. The correction modifies the statistical hardness profiles and allows determining more reliable indentation size effects.

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Ilinskiy, Aleksandr V., Alexey V. Fedorov, Ksenia A. Stepanova, Igor U. Kinzhagulov, and Igor O. Krasnov. "Study of the dynamic hardness of structural metal materials." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 86, no. 1 (2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-1-57-61.

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The mechanical properties of structural metallic materials are the most important indicators of their quality. Different methods (i.e., the methods of Shore, Brinell, Rockwell, Leeb, Vickers, method of instrumental indentation, and others) are currently used for determination of the hardness — one of the most important mechanical characteristics of structural metal materials. Among them is the method of dynamic indentation first developed at the Institute of Applied Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. With the goal of further developing of the method of dynamic indentation, we propose the procedures aimed at increasing the accuracy of assessing the hardness of structural metallic materials: parameters of the contact interaction of the indenter with the sample material (Brinell hardness values) were measured using a dynamic indentation (DI) device; the values of surface and volumetric dynamic hardness were calculated taking into account the characteristics obtained using a DI device; a comparative analysis of hardness estimates obtained by different approaches was carried out. As a result of the comparative analysis of the methods, as well as their experimental testing, it was shown that an increase in the accuracy of hardness assessment can be achieved by using the «energy» approach based on assessing the ratio of the total work to the volume of the recovered indentation upon dynamic indentation of structural metal materials. The use of the «energy» approach provided obtaining the sample standard deviation of the volumetric dynamic hardness values, which, in turn, was significantly lower than the sample standard deviation of the surface dynamic hardness values and data of the dynamic indentation device, which directly affects an increase in the accuracy of hardness estimation during dynamic indentation of structural metal materials. Proceeding from the «energy» approach, a new algorithm for processing the initial signal is proposed when the dynamic hardness is determined using a dynamic indentation device.

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Vinogradova, A. A., K. V. Gogolinskiy, and E. K. Shchiptsova. "A study of applicability of instrumented indentation method to determine the mechanical properties of thermoplastic." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 91, no. 5 (2025): 67–76. https://doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2025-91-5-67-76.

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The article deals with the method of instrumental indentation as an effective tool for studying the mechanical properties of thermoplastics. The method allows to determine such material properties as hardness, modulus of elasticity, rheological characteristics. The paper presents a review of examples of using the method of instrumental indentation to solve research problems in studying the properties of various types of polymeric materials, describing the parameters that affect the results of measurements. Analyses and experimental studies of the method’s capabilities were carried out on the example of high-density polyethylene, which is used in the production of gas pipelines. The results showed the applicability of this method in studying the material properties of polyethylene (PE) gas pipeline pipes for diagnosing their technical condition. In this work, samples that have been in service for a long time and a sample of new pipe were investigated. It has been revealed that the hardness values of polyethylene samples of different service life as an indicator of resistance to plastic deformation under static loads are quite close, while the rheological properties differ significantly. This peculiarity should be taken into account when conducting various mechanical tests, since the rate of load increase during such tests will significantly affect their results. It was found that the values of hardness and modulus of elasticity decrease with increasing indenter dwell time under load due to stress relaxation in the deformed region under the indenter. The influence of polyethylene structure on its mechanical properties is considered. It is also revealed that the modulus of elasticity of polyethylene samples multiply increases when the degree of crystallinity changes from 48 to 56%. The article describes the prospectivity and efficiency of using the method of instrumental indentation to analyse the elastic-plastic and rheological properties of thermoplastics, as well as their relationship with the crystal structure.

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Velichko, Sergey Anatolievich, Igor Nikolaevich Kravchenko, Pavel Vasilievich Chumakov, Olga Vladimirovna Barmina, and Yury Alekseevich Kuznetsov. "DETERMINATION OF THE ELASTIC MODULUS OF ELECTRIC SPARK COATINGS BY INSTRUMENTAL INDENTATION." Проблемы машиностроения и автоматизации, no. 1 (2022): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.52261/02346206_2022_1_91.

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Drobný, Peter, David Mercier, Václav Koula, Sára Ivana Škrobáková, Ľubomír Čaplovič, and Martin Sahul. "Evaluation of Adhesion Properties of Hard Coatings by Means of Indentation and Acoustic Emission." Coatings 11, no. 8 (2021): 919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11080919.

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In general, the mechanical properties of hard thin coatings are investigated using indentation methods. Material characteristics of hard coatings, such as elastic modulus and hardness, are evaluated by means of nanoindentation and an appropriate evaluation methodology. The most popular method used to obtain the coating properties required using nanoindentation is the evaluation based on the Oliver and Pharr methodology. Adhesion and wear properties can be calculated using these data. In this study, we used a novel method to evaluate the wear and adhesion of coatings. A special measuring device combined with static indentation and acoustic emission signal detection was developed to evaluate the adhesion of coatings. The device consists of a macrohardness instrumental indentation device equipped with an acoustic emission measuring gauge. It was used to investigate crack formation and adhesion of coatings deposited on different substrates using acoustic emissions data. The results using both the existing and novel methods were compared and evaluated.

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Voronin, N. A. "CALCULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE ADHESIVE STRENGTH OF THIN HARD COATINGS." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 330 (September 2024): 56–61. https://doi.org/10.14489/hb.2024.09.pp.056-061.

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A calculation and experimental method for determining the adhesive strength of thin aluminum nitride coatings created by vacuum ion-plasma technology has been developed based on the results of an analysis of experimental and theoretical penetration diagrams obtained during instrumental microindentation. The novelty of the method lies in taking into account the contribution of residual stresses in the coating and interphase delamination of the coating during indentation.

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Gorban’, V. F. "Instrumental indentation for examining the properties of secondary structures of metals and coatings." Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 47, no. 7-8 (2008): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9048-9.

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Voronin, N. A. "Effect of Substrate Material Compliance on the Character of Topocomposite Damage under Instrumental Indentation." Journal of Machinery Manufacture and Reliability 49, no. 10 (2020): 862–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1052618820100118.

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Voronin, N. A. "Method of estimating elastic properties of topocomposite based on the results of instrumental indentation." Journal of Machinery Manufacture and Reliability 45, no. 6 (2016): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1052618816060133.

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Dywel, Piotr, Robert Szczesny, Piotr Domanowski, and Lukasz Skowronski. "Structural and Micromechanical Properties of Nd:YAG Laser Marking Stainless Steel (AISI 304 and AISI 316)." Materials 13, no. 9 (2020): 2168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13092168.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the microstructure and micromechanical properties of pulsed-laser irradiated stainless steel. The laser marking was conducted for AISI 304 and AISI 316 stainless steel samples through a Nd:YAG (1064 nm) laser. The influence of process parameters such as the pulse repetition rate and scanning speed have been considered. The microstructures of obtained samples were analyzed using confocal optical microscopy (COM). The continuous stiffness measurements (CSM) technique was applied for nanoindentional hardness and elastic modulus determination. The phase compositions of obtained specimens were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The results revealed that surface roughness is directly related to overlapping distance and the energy provided by a single pulse. The hardness of irradiated samples changes significantly with the indentation depth. The instrumental hardness HIT and elastic modulus EIT drop sharply with the rise of the indentation depth. Thus, the hardness enhancement can be observed as the indentation depth varies between 100–1000 nm for all exanimated samples. The maximum values of HIT and EIT were evaluated for the region of small depths (100–200 nm). The XRD results reveal the presence of iron and chromium oxides due to irradiation, which indicates a surface hardening effect.

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Useinov, A., V. Reshetov, A. Gusev, and E. Gladkih. "Optical spectroscopy combined in situ with instrumented indentation." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 12 (2022): 121101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0099166.

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Modern trends in the development of experimental research methods imply not only an increase in the accuracy of a specific technique but also the possibility of combining diverse measurements in the course of one experiment. While optical spectroscopy remains one of the most powerful tools used in the chemical and physical sciences to study the structure of a wide range of materials, it is impossible to imagine a single study of local mechanical properties without instrumental indentation. A powerful investigation technique is the in situ combination of these two methods within one experiment. This can be made by focusing the laser either through the transparent sample or through the transparent indenter tip of the special geometry preventing the total internal reflection in diamond. This Tutorial discusses the preparation and characterization of such a transparent diamond indenter. The obtained experimental results and promising application areas of simultaneous measurement of optical spectra during indentation are considered.

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A. Voronin, Nikolay. "Specialties of deformation and damage of the topocomposite on a ductile substrate during instrumental indentation." AIMS Materials Science 7, no. 4 (2020): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2020.4.453.

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Gaido, A. N., A. G. Pogoda, L. M. Kolchedantsev, and D. V. Vershinin. "REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF PRESSED PILES." Construction and Geotechnics 11, no. 3 (2020): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9826/2020.3.02.

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The article discusses the results of research in the field of developing a system that in real time allows you to display and remotely transmit the main technological parameters of indentation of factory-made piles (values of indentation forces, number and depth of immersed piles, their displacement relative to the design position). Unlike existing analogues, it allows you to additionally guide the installation of the indentation on the dive points of piles without instrumental removal of their position on the ground. This is done by orienting the installation through a global satellite navigation system. And the position of the piles is set automatically by calculating their coordinates obtained from the project in dfx format, previously entered into the memory of the on-board computer. The constituent elements of such a system are presented, as well as the interface for setting up and displaying technological parameters. The main technological indicators of the process in remote mode can be displayed on the display of any mobile device. It is shown that the cost of such a system is 8 % of the cost of the installation of the indentation of piles. It has been established that it pays off by reducing costs with the subsequent strengthening of grillage structures. These additional works are eliminated due to the prompt elimination of identified deviations, as well as improving the accuracy of installation of piles in the design position. The article presents an algorithm for performing work when setting up the system, receiving and transmitting relevant information. It is shown which participants at different stages will be involved in these processes. In conclusion, various performance indicators for the implementation of such a system are presented. Based on the results of the timing, it is proved that its use allows to reduce the duration and labor costs of both the production of works and the preparation of executive documentation. In addition, the information obtained can be integrated into the building information model, which will allow analyzing the operational reliability indicators of pile foundations.

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Oreshko, E. I., N. O. Yakovlev, V. S. Erasov, and D. A. Utkin. "Study of the plastic deformation of metals by indentation method." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 88, no. 2 (2022): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2022-88-2-64-70.

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All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials, 17, ul. Radio, Moscow, 105005 Russia; e-mail: 89639619741@mail.ruPlastic deformation is a type of material damage which can disrupt the normal operation of the structure. In this regard, the method for assessing the degree of damage to a metal sample has been developed. A corset sample for tensile tests was made from an aluminum alloy of the Al – Zn – Mg – Cu system. The ANSYS finite element complex was used to simulate an inhomogeneous stress state occurred in the sample working zone due to the variable cross-section upon tension. First, the hardness of the corset sample was measured, then it was tested for tension until the onset of necking and the load drop on the deformation diagram. After unloading along the sample working area, the Brinell hardness and surface roughness were measured. The results of the hardness measurements showed that in the areas where the tensile stresses are below the conditional yield stress of the material, the hardness value corresponds to the hardness of the starting material. In the areas where the tensile stresses are higher than the conventional yield stress, the hardness increases and reaches the maximum value in the center of the specimen, i.e., in the zone of the minimum cross-section. Thus, the damageability of the material can be assessed through the change in the hardness and roughness of the surface along the sample length. Proceeding from the results of instrumental spherical indentation, a technique for assessing the mechanical characteristics of the material was developed. The method consists in testing one sample for hardness and tensile strength with subsequent construction of the correlation dependences of tensile and indentation loads using the experimental results to obtain calculated tensile diagrams from the indentation diagrams of the material under study.

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Усейнов, А. С., А. А. Русаков, В. И. Яковлев та Е. В. Гладких. "Исследование свойств конструкционных материалов методом инструментального индентирования с помощью портативного нанотвердомера". NANOINDUSTRY Russia 13, № 1 (2020): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2020.13.1.66.73.

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A modification of the "NanoScan-4 D" nanohardness meter, which allows of measuring the mechanical properties of articles by the instrumental indentation according to GOST R8.748-2011 under conditions close to industrial fabrication, has been developed. The main advantage of the described device, unlike most modern portable hardness testers, is the ability to work with a wide class of materials (from metals to solid polymers) since the study of the mechanical properties of products does not require preliminary information on the elastic modulus of the material being tested. Presented are the experimental data obtained on standard samples of the enterprise: polycarbonate and aluminum, as well as on various metal articles used as parts of machines and mechanisms of the oil and gas industry. The measured values of hardness coincide with the values obtained on a laboratory nanohardness meter taking into account the inherent errors of this type of equipment.

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Hrbek, Vladimír, Veronika Petráňová, and Jiří Němeček. "Early Stage Microstructure Development of Cement Paste Modified by Crystalline Admixture." Key Engineering Materials 722 (December 2016): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.722.92.

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The hydrophobicity enhancement of structural materials is a contemporary topic of discussion. This paper deals with the effect of crystalline admixture (CA) on the microstructure of the cementitious composite in first four weeks after the production. Previous investigation was performed on the referential specimens consisting only from pure cement. The samples of pure CA and cement modified by 1% of CA with same w/c ratio were examined and compared in this paper. By investigation of these materials on the micro-scale in the time, it is possible to identify the development of the microstructure of each and determine the impact of the modification. For this purpose, backscattered electrons microscopy (BSE) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used for phase analysis as well as instrumental nano-indentation to obtain the micro-mechanical properties. The presented results show the evolution of mechanical properties and microstructure in time and the impact of the crystalline admixture on modified cement.

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Прохоров, В. М., Е. В. Гладких, Л. А. Иванов, В. В. Аксененков та А. Н. Кириченко. "Состав, структура и механические свойства (Ti-Hf)N-покрытий на титановом сплаве". Журнал технической физики 89, № 5 (2019): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2019.05.47472.173-18.

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AbstractVariations of the composition, structure, and mechanical properties (hardness, elastic modulus) of (Ti–Hf)N coatings with increasing Hf content (Ti : Hf ratio) are reported. As test samples, VT6 titanium alloy plates covered by a magnetron-sputtered titanium hafnium nitride coating have been taken. To see how the coating characteristics depend on Hf content, samples with rated compositions (Ti_0.9Hf_0.1)N, (Ti_0.85Hf_0.15)N, (Ti_0.8Hf_0.2)N, and (Ti_0.7Hf_0.3)N have been studied. The surface and depth element distributions have been found, and the phase composition and the dependence of the titanium nitride lattice parameter on Hf content in the coating have been determined. The depth profiling of a coating’s hardness and elastic modulus has been conducted by instrumental indentation. Hardness and elastic modulus have been found to be maximal (~35 and ~500 GPa, respectively) in (Ti_0.85Hf_0.15)N and (Ti_0.8Hf_0.2)N coatings. In addition, the depth distribution of Hf in these coatings has turned out to be most uniform.

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Vorob’ev, R. A., and V. N. Dubinskii. "Comparison of the influence of heat treatment and magnetic-pulse treatment on the mechanical characteristics of 65G steel upon instrumental indentation." Physics of Metals and Metallography 116, no. 11 (2015): 1159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0031918x15110125.

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Czechowski, Leszek. "Study on Strength and Stiffness of WC-Co-NiCr Graded Samples." Materials 12, no. 24 (2019): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244166.

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This work deals with the investigation of the strength and the stiffness of samples built of step-variable functionally graded material (FGM). The considered FGM samples consist of two main components: WC and NiCr with some content of Co as a conjunction of structure. The samples were fabricated on the basis of the detonation gun layer deposition method which is regarded as a novelty in the case of FGM production. The analyzed samples possess a finite number of layers with different varying fractions of each constituent across the wall. The basic tests of bending were conducted to assess the influence of used components in adequate proportions on the stiffness and the total strength in bending. In addition, to validate the numerical approach, simulations of samples under similar loads with truly reflected material distributions were carried out. The material properties of components were determined due to micro-nano-hardness by instrumental indentation techniques. The numerical calculations were performed with the use of the material characteristics for each material and with a consideration of large deflections. Furthermore, by means of an electron microscope, the composition of materials and distribution of chemical elements across the thickness of samples were examined. This paper reveals the experimental results of FGM samples manufactured by detonation gun layer deposition which allows the creation of layer by layer moderately thin-walled structures. It was shown that the indentation method of a determination of Young’s modulus gave higher values in comparison to values attained in the bending test. Moreover, it was stated that a modelling of FGM still requires the study of each layer separately to clearly predict the strength of the whole FGM structure.

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Piotrowska, Katarzyna, and Monika Madej. "INFLUENCE OF THIN COATINGS FORMED BY ALD TECHNIQUES ON THE PROPERTIES OF Ti13Nb13Zr TITANIUM ALLOY." Tribologia 299, no. 1 (2022): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8985.

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The article evaluates the properties of oxide films: Al2O3 and TiO2, deposited using the ALD method on the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy. It presents the results of examining the geometrical structure of the surface, nanohardness and tribological tests. The surface’s geometrical structure was tested through optical microscopy, and nanohardness was determined using the instrumental indentation method with a Berkovich indenter. The modelling tribological tests were performed in a reciprocating motion under the conditions of technically dry friction and with lubrication using Ringer's solution. An analysis of the results of tribological tests indicates that the films were characterised by lower motion resistances and wear with respect to the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy. Hardness measurements indicate that, as a result of deposition of the films, the hardness increased by approximately 51% in the case of the Al2O3 film and by approximately 44% in the case of the TiO2 coating. The produced test results constitute a source of knowledge about the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy, oxide films and the possibilities of their potential application to low-load biotribological systems.

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Ozimina, Dariusz, Katarzyna Piotrowska, Monika Madej, and Arkadiusz Granek. "THE INFLUENCE OF ION IMPLANTATION ON THE PROPERTIES OF Ti6Al4V TITANIUM ALLOY IN BIOTRIBOLOGICAL SYSTEMS." Tribologia 292, no. 4 (2020): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5895.

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The article is devoted to the assessment of the geometrical structure of the surface as well as the mechanical and tribological properties of the surface layers obtained in the process of ion implantation. The titanium alloy Ti6Al4V used in biotribological systems was implanted with nitrogen and argon ions. Investigations of the geometrical structure of the surface before and after the tribological tests were carried out using confocal microscopy. The hardness of the tested materials was determined by the instrumental indentation method using a Vickers indenter. A nanotribometer was used for tribological tests. The tests were carried out in a reciprocating motion under conditions of technically dry friction and friction with the lubrication of Ringer's solution. SEM scanning microscopy was used to determine the width of the wear pattern and the wear mechanism. The conducted research showed that the hardness of the tested materials increased as a result of ion implantation. The tribological tests showed that the use of ion implantation improves the tribological properties, and the dominant wear mechanism was abrasive wear.

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Volkov-Muzylev, V. V., L. E. Vendland, Yu A. Borisov, A. N. Demidov, and N. K. Fominykh. "Research of polymers strength properties for 3D printing under normal conditions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2057, no. 1 (2021): 012107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2057/1/012107.

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Abstract An article is devoted to the study of the strength properties of interlayer adhesion and determination of Young's modulus by the ball instrumental indentation method for samples, made of various plastics using additive technology under normal conditions. This production method is chosen as the most appropriate for creating lightly stressed parts of complex geometry (up to 30 MPa) in the shortest possible time. One of the possible options for such products is full-size centrifugal wheels layouts of low power gas turbine units (up to 250 kW) for testing them in model conditions. It will ensure the work of the material in the elastic zone. The samples are considered, obtained by FDM method from various polymers such as: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene thermoplastic resin (ABS+), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene thermoplastic resin with addition of carbon fibers (ABS Carbon), nylon with addition of carbon fibers (Nylon Super Carbon), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and a compound based on polylactide (PLA HP). Plastics, made by this method, have anisotropic properties. Therefore, in this work, the strength characteristics of the test samples interlayer adhesion under tension are determined.

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Piotrowska, Katarzyna, Arkadiusz Granek, and Monika Madej. "Assessment of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings on the Ti13Nb13Zr Alloy." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (2020): 536–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0043.

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AbstractThe paper presents the results of tests on the geometric structure of the surface, hardness and tribological tests of coatings produced by the method of physical vapor deposition (PVD) on the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy. Hardness was determined using MCT3 from Anton Paar, by instrumental indentation. A diamond indenter with Berkovich geometry was used for the measurement.Model tribological tests were carried out in reciprocating motion under conditions of technically dry friction, friction with lubrication of synovial fluid and Ringer’s solution. The counter-sample in the tested friction nodes was a ball of Al2O3 with a diameter of 6 mm. Nanometer hardness measurements showed that as a result of the diamond-like carbon coating (DLC), the hardness increased by an 7-fold. The lowest friction coefficients among all tested friction nodes were obtained for the material combination Ti13Nb13Zr a-C:H - Al2O3 regardless of the conditions of testing. In the case of technically dry friction, the coefficient of friction decreased by 80%, synovial fluid by 70%, and in the case of Ringer’s solution by 88% compared to the results obtained for Ti13Nb13Zr.

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T.A., Ilinkova, and Garayev R.R. "Micromechanical characteristics of plasma heat-protective coatings after thermal exposure and cyclic deformation." Deformation and Fracture of Materials, no. 2 (2024): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31044/1814-4632-2024-2-11-16.

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For plasma heat-protective coatings with a ceramic layer based on zirconium dioxide, the influence of the duration of high-temperature exposure (1100 °C, 2—100 h) and subsequent cyclic deformation in the elastic region, as well as the ratio of the thicknesses of the ceramic and intermediate metal layers on the micromechanical characteristics (Young's modulus, kinetic hardness parameters, plastic deformation and creep) and flexural strength, assessed by instrumental indentation, has been studied. It was that in the case of thermal exposure lasting up to 2 hours, the Young's modulus, the characteristics of kinetic hardness and the strength of the coating were significantly reduced, and the proportion of energy spent on plastic deformation, as well as creep, increased. With an exposure duration of 50 hours or more, the kinetic microhardness characteristics increase, and the plasticity characteristics decrease. The greatest strength of the coating was obtained when the ratio of the thicknesses of the metal sublayer and the ceramic layer was 0.2—0.3. Keywords: heat-protective coating, thermal operating time, deformation aging, kinetic microindentation, micromechanical properties.

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Radoń-Kobus, Krystyna, and Monika Madej. "PROPERTIES OF CrN AND CrN/DLC COATINGS IN TRIBOLOGICAL SYSTEMS LUBRICATED WITH ARTIFICIAL SALIVA." Tribologia 311, no. 1 (2025): 37–46. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0055.0792.

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The paper investigates the effect of CrN and CrN/DLC coatings deposited using the PACVD technique on the tribological and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel. The hardness of the coatings and 316L steel was determined using the instrumental indentation method. Tribological tests were performed on a TRB3 tribometer in a rotating ball-on-disc configuration. Al2O3 balls were used as countersamples. The tests were performed under dry friction conditions and under lubrication with artificial saliva at pH 5.2 at a temperature of 39C simulating inflammation. A scanning microscope was used to measure the thickness of the coatings, and a confocal microscope was used to study the geometric structure of the surface before and after the tribological tests. The wetting angle was measured using an optical tensiometer. The use of CrN and CrN/ DLC coatings reduced the coefficient of friction by 10% and 85%, respectively, for technically dry friction and by 44% and 82% for friction with artificial saliva lubrication. The test results indicate good cooperation of the CrN and CrN/DLC coatings with the lubricant used

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Щипачев, Андрей Михайлович, Алексей Иговевич Алехин, Олег Геннадьевич Первейталов, Екатерина Евгеньевна Яковлева та Дмитрий Александрович Браниш. "Диагностирование охрупчивания трубопроводных сталей с помощью метода инструментального индентирования". SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 14, № 6 (2024): 536–47. https://doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2024-14-6-536-547.

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На основе анализа опыта применения метода инструментального индентирования к оценке механических свойств сталей магистральных газонефтепроводов и сосудов давления был предложен метод определения критической температуры хрупкости по результатам статического вдавливания индентора во внешнюю поверхность стенки или образца сплава. Благодаря связи истинного напряжения разрыва и параметра Зенера – Холломана учитывается совместное влияние температуры и скорости пластической деформации под вершиной наконечника на степень охрупчивания стали. Метод позволяет определять температуру хрупкости по прошествии определенного срока эксплуатации, а также рассчитывать величину сдвига данной характеристики. На примере трубопроводной стали X70 рассмотрено использование модели. Данные о временной зависимости глубины проникновения индентора были получены из испытаний, проведенных на стандартных образцах различной ориентации выреза; деформационные характеристики получены из статических испытаний на растяжение плоских образцов. Параметры термической активации пластической деформации определялись из справочных данных о температурной зависимости предела текучести. На примере ряда конструкционных сплавов для трубопроводов и сосудов давления была продемонстрирована устойчивость данных параметров к структуре, что говорит о необходимости формирования базы справочных данных. Метод требует строгого контроля деформационных характеристик и скорости вдавливания. On the basis of analyzing the experience of applying the method of instrumental indentation to the assessment of mechanical properties of steels of main oil and gas pipelines and pressure vessels, the method of determining the critical brittleness temperature based on the results of static indentation of the indenter into the outer surface of the wall or alloy sample was proposed. Due to the relationship between the true fracture stress and the Zener – Holloman parameter, a joint effect of temperature and plastic deformation rate under the tip apex on the degree of steel embrittlement is considered. The method allows determining a brittleness temperature after a certain operation time, and calculating the deviation value of this characteristic. The use of the model is examined using Kh70 pipe steel as an example. The data on time dependency of indenter penetration depth were obtained from the tests carried out on standard samples of different cut orientation; deformation characteristics were obtained from static tensile tests of flat samples. Parameters of thermal activation of plastic deformation were determined based on reference data on the temperature dependency of yield strength. Based on the example of some structural alloys for pipelines and pressure vessels, stability of these parameters to the structure was demonstrated, which indicates the need to form a reference database. The method requires intensive monitoring of deformation characteristics and indentation rate.

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Górnik, Monika, Ewa Jonda, Leszek Łatka, Monika Nowakowska, and Marcin Godzierz. "Influence of spray distance on mechanical and tribological properties of HVOF sprayed WC-Co-Cr coatings." Materials Science-Poland 39, no. 4 (2021): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0047.

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Abstract In this work, the tungsten carbide reinforcement in cobalt matrix (WC-Co-Cr) coatings was studied. The deposition process was carried out by high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF). The study aimed to investigate the influence of one of the key process parameters, namely spray distance, on the coatings’ microstructure and phase composition, as well as their mechanical and tribological properties. The manufactured coatings were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), instrumented indentation test, pull-off adhesion test and ball-on-disc method. The results revealed that selection of proper spray distance caused a high index of carbide retention (ICR) amounting to 0.95, which promoted higher hardness and better wear resistance. Instrumental microhardness was in the range of 14.2–14.8 GPa, whereas the Young modulus exhibited values from 336 GPa up to 342 GPa. The bond strength of deposited coatings was in the range of 55–65 MPa. Wear factor values were in the range of 73–81 × 10−7 mm3/(N · m) and the friction coefficient was about 0.4. The dominant wear mechanism is abrasion and adhesive mode supported by the fatigue-induced material delamination.

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Matyunin, Vyacheslav, Artem Marchenkov, Myrzamamat Karimbekov, et al. "Development of the Instrumental Indentation Method in Diagnostics of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hardened Surface Layers and Coatings of Materials in Engineering Products." Vestnik MEI, no. 2 (May 27, 2024): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2024-2-166-175.

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Jedliński, Maciej, Jolanta Krupa, and Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska. "The Micromechanical Properties and Surface Roughness of Orthodontic Retainer Wires—An In Vitro Analysis." Materials 17, no. 14 (2024): 3431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17143431.

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Background: Despite the large variety of retainer wires available, no studies could be found comparing the micromechanical properties and surface roughness of different retainer wires. Such characteristics affect the survival of the fixed retainer in terms of both fracture resistance and resistance to debonding from the tooth. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine and compare those characteristics in popular retainer wires. Methods: six different popular orthodontic retainer wires were subjected to instrumental indentation based on the Oliver and Pharr method. The geometric surface structure was analysed using a non-contact profilometer. Results: stainless steel wires had a higher hardness and a higher elastic modulus compared to titanium wires and white gold chain. The titanium wire and the white gold chain showed much more roughness than other wires. Conclusions: stainless steel wires are the most resistant, considering both the shape retention capacity and the ability to resist abrasive wear. The titanium wire showed the lowest hardness and, thus, the highest susceptibility to deformation. Bond-a-braid, Retainium and Orthoflex white gold are more resistant to fracture than other steel wires. Titanium wire and chain retainer wires have more roughness, which is a great advantage in terms of mechanical adhesion to composite materials.

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Biryukov, Vladimir, and Anton Yakubovsky. "Analysis of micromechanical and tribotechnical properties of fluoropolymers during friction on 40Kh steel." E3S Web of Conferences 531 (2024): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453101002.

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The paper presents the results of micromechanical and tribotechnical tests of samples of polytetrafluoroethylene, radiation-modified (PTFE – RM according to modes A and B), coked in comparison with the PTFE standard (Fluoroplast -F4). The influence of the surface roughness of a 40Kh steel counter-tile on the coefficients of friction against time at a constant sliding speed is considered. Micromechanical tests were carried out using the method of instrumental indentation with a triangular Berkovich diamond pyramid. Tribotechnical tests were performed on a friction machine with a vertical axis of rotation of the spindle according to the scheme “the end of the sample of the fluoropolymer disk is the end of the counter-flange of the annular sleeve (steel 40Kh)” without lubrication and when the friction pair is lubricated with MGE-10A hydraulic oil. It was found that during friction without lubrication, PTFE samples had the maximum friction coefficients, and F4K20 samples had the minimum friction coefficients when working with 40X steel counter-tiles treated with P180 sandpaper. PTFE-RM (A) samples had the best wear resistance, followed by decreasing F4K20, PTFE – RM (B) and PTFE under friction without lubrication. In the presence of lubricant, the samples of the PTFE standard were inferior in wear resistance to the F4K20 samples, but were 5-7% better than the samples of PTFE-RM (B) and (A), respectively.

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Barylski, Adrian, Krzysztof Aniołek, Grzegorz Dercz, Izabela Matuła, Jan Rak, and Izabela Mazur. "The Effect of Changes in the Aging Temperature Combined with Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Structure, Phase Composition, and Micromechanical Properties of the WE43 Magnesium Alloy." Materials 16, no. 23 (2023): 7447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16237447.

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This paper examines the optimal aging temperature of WE43 alloy that has undergone precipitation hardening in conjunction with deep cryogenic treatment. The microstructure and phase composition were investigated, a microanalysis of the chemical composition was performed, and instrumental indentation tests were performed to determine the parameters of the micro-mechanical properties of the alloy after different heat treatment variants. It has been proven that a decrease in the aging temperature from 250 °C to 225 °C and the introduction of a deep cryogenic treatment lead to favorable changes in the microstructure of the alloy (reduction in grain size, increase in the number, and change in the type of β-phase precipitates). The changes in the alloy structure achieved by lowering the aging temperature contribute to the improvement of the micromechanical properties of the test material. The most advantageous results were recorded for an alloy subjected to solution treatment and aged at 225 °C for 24 h with deep cryogenic treatment: a 30% increase in hardness, a 10% increase in Young’s modulus, an improvement in elastic properties, and increased resistance to deformation of the alloy were shown compared to the initial (as-received) state. Raising the aging temperature to 250 °C leads to a phenomenon known as alloy overaging for both alloys after classical precipitation hardening and after deep cryogenic treatment. The results indicate the significant effectiveness of the proposed heat treatment in improving the service life of the Mg-Y-Nd-Zr (WE43) alloy.

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Konovalov, S. V., V. K. Drobyshev, I. A. Panchenko, and Haixin Li. "Structure and mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys of the CoCrZrMnNi system with different Zr and Mn contents produced by vacuum-induction melting." Frontier materials & technologies, no. 1 (2025): 21–34. https://doi.org/10.18323/2782-4039-2025-1-71-2.

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The mechanical properties and microstructure of high-entropy alloys (HEA) of the CoCrZrMnNi system produced by vacuum-induction melting are studied depending on the change in the Zr and Mn content. The effect of the Zr and Mn percentage on the microstructure and mechanical properties (Young’s modulus, nanohardness, microhardness) of the high-entropy alloys of the CoCrZrMnNi system is estimated. The relationship between varying the percentage of Zr and Mn and changing the grain size and mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys is studied. The structure, chemical composition and distribution of the intensity of characteristic X-ray radiation of atoms are studied using scanning electron microscopy. The study by scanning electron microscopy methods has demonstrated that in CoCrZrMnNi alloys, with an increase in the zirconium content and a decrease in the manganese content closer to the equiatomic composition, the material structure became more homogeneous. Changing the percentage of zirconium from 8 to 28 at. % contributed to the grain size reduction from 30 to 5 μm and a more uniform elemental distribution. The Сo19.8Cr17.5Zr15.3Mn27.7Ni19.7 alloy demonstrated the highest nanohardness (10 GPa) and Young’s modulus (161 GPa) during instrumental indentation with an indenter load of 50 mN. The Сo20.4Cr18.0Zr7.9Mn33.3Ni20.3 alloy has the lowest nanohardness, Young’s modulus, and microhardness among other alloys, which may be related to the coarse-grained structure with a grain size of up to 30 μm. As the indenter load increased to 5 N, the microhardness of the Сo19.8Cr17.5Zr15.3Mn27.7Ni19.7 alloy decreased compared to the Сo18.7Cr16.5Zr28.9Mn17.4Ni18.6 alloy, which may indicate more universal mechanical properties of alloys with equiatomic zirconium content.

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Slobodianskii, M. "FAILURE PREDICTION OF METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT PARTS BY STRENGTH CRITERIA, MADE OF GREY CAST IRON, ON THE BASIS OF MICROSTRUCTURAL MODELLING OF STRESS STATE." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 9, no. 3 (2024): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-90-107.

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The article proposes a methodology for estimating the gamma-percent life of metallurgical equipment parts made of grey cast iron on the basis of micro structural modelling of its stress state, which is formulated using known relationships for estimating the average life of mechanical equipment parts by the criterion of kinetic strength, the linearisation method of random arguments allowing to estimate the variance of the function under study and tools of micro structural modelling of the stress state of the material. It allows at the stages of design and operation to take into account the all-round influence of loading conditions of the investigated technical object, its operating temperature, physical and mechanical characteristics of structural components of grey cast iron on gamma-percent resource. Its main distinctive features are mathematical dependences allowing estimating the value of dispersion of parameters necessary for calculation of resource characteristics, as well as the possibility of taking into account the anisotropy of the real structure of grey cast iron. In addition, the procedure of verification of the proposed methodology by comparing theoretically obtained values of gamma-percent resource with the value established in the normative and technical documentation is carried out. The spacer plate of SMD-110 jaw crusher, made of grey cast iron of GI-20 grade, is considered as an object of research physical and mechanical characteristics of its structural components, such as modulus of elasticity and Vickers micro hardness were experimentally evaluated using the method of instrumental indentation. The prediction error does not exceed 18%, which in turn confirms a sufficient level of reliability of the theoretical solutions proposed in this article, which can be used in the design of metallurgical equipment parts made of grey cast iron, as well as in the formation of the periodicity structure of its repairs.

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N., A. Voronin. "THE PHENOMENON OF ELASTIC DEFORMATION OF THE COATING IN THE MEASUREMENT OF TOPOCOMPOSITE HARDNESS BY INSTRUMENTED." Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management 6, no. 9 (2019): 46–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3452710.

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In this study a contact problem for an elastic-plastic layered medium is solved. From the analysis of mechanics of the contact interaction of rigid sphere with elastic rigid - plastic layered medium the analytical dependences of the effective hardness on the indentation depth of a rigid tetrahedral pyramid body are received. It is shown that at depths of indentation smaller than the so-called critical indentation depth the origin of plastic deformation occurs only in a coating material.   At depths of indentation bigger than the critical indentation depth, the origin of plastic deformation occurs in a base material of a layered body and the composite hardness depends on the coating thickness, the base hardness and effective elastic characteristics of components of the layered medium and does not depend the  coating hardness.  In this study the opportunity to define the elastic characteristics of the coating material is proved and the calculation exercise   is shown.

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Weintraub, Mark V., Nina S. Kozlova, Evgeniya V. Zabelina, and Mikhail I. Petrzhik. "Effect of growth conditions on the mechanical properties of lanthanum-gallium tantalate crystals." Modern Electronic Materials 6, no. (2) (2020): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.6.2.63731.

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The effect of growth conditions, anisotropy and polarity of specimens on the mechanical properties of lanthanum-gallium tantalate La3Ta0.5Ga5.5O14 single crystals grown in different atmospheres (argon (Ar), argon with oxygen addition (Ar+(<2%)O2 and Ar+(2%)O2) and air) was studied. The test specimens for the measurements were cut perpendicularly to a 3rd order axis (Z cuts) and in polar directions perpendicular to a 2nd order axis (Y cuts). The polarity of the Y cut specimens was tested by piezoelectric response. The brittleness was evaluated by microindentation at 3, 5, 10 and 25 g loads. The brittleness proved to show itself at a 5 g and the higher loads regardless of growth atmosphere. Therefore microhardness tests were done at loads of within 3 g. The microhardness HV of the specimens was measured with an DM 8B Affri microhardness tester by Vickers methods. The hardness H, elastic modulus E and elastic recovery coefficient R were measured with a Berkovich pyramid on a CSM Nano-Hardness Tester using the instrumented indentation (nanoindentation) method. Growth atmosphere was shown to affect the mechanical properties of lanthanum-gallium tantalate crystals: crystals grown in an oxygen-free argon atmosphere had the lowest microhardness, hardness, elastic modulus and elastic recovery coefficient. The lowest microhardness was detected in Z cut specimens regardless of growth atmosphere. The mechanical properties of polar Y cuts proved to be anisotropic: the microhardness, hardness, elastic modulus and elastic recovery coefficient of these cuts were lower for positive cuts than for negative ones regardless of growth atmosphere. Y and Z cut langatate specimens grown in argon with less than two percent oxygen exhibited strong elastic modulus and elastic recovery coefficient anisotropy.

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HABIBI, Samir, Ali BELHOCINE, Mokhtar KHALDI, et al. "The deformation modes of copper alloys under indenter." Recueil de mécanique 4, no. 1 (2019): 335–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3447012.

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Abstract:

The instrumented indentation test has been widely used and studied because of the ease it provides for estimating the mechanical properties of materials from the force-displacement curve for miniature material volumes. During an indentation test, the material tends to deform under the indenter in two ways; either a sink-in or pile-up according to its mechanical behavior. The intention of this paper is to describe the procedures for this indentation technique to determine the local properties of these nanoscale copper alloys. And to estimate their variation of the deformation energy according to the transition criterion of the deformation mode to affirm the modal coexistence.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Instrumental indentation'

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