Journal articles: 'Instrumental methodology'

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Rodríguez, Luis Cuadros, Ana M. García Campaña, Fermin Alés Barrero, Carlos Jiménez Linares, and Manuel Román Ceba. "Validation of an Analytical Instrumental Method by Standard Addition Methodology." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 2 (March 1, 1995): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.2.471.

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Abstract A statistical procedure to validate an analytical methodology by standard addition methodology is described. The data set obtained in 3 calibration experiments with standard solutions, standard additions, and portions of sample is used. The accuracy of the analytical results is checked by comparison of analyte contents in the different calibrations and from the recovery. Mathematical expressions to estimate the statistical parameters are proposed. The statistical protocol has been applied to fluorimetric determination of molybdenum with alizarin S in vegetable tissues.

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Downing, Kenneth H. "Instrumentation and methodology for electron crystallography." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 420–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100086404.

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The determination of three-dimensional structures of macromolecules at atomic resolution remains one oμf the great promises of electron microscopy. Instrumental problems which had to be overcome in order to achieve single-atom resolution have long been recognized and to a large extent overcome. It is interesting to note that most of the instrumental developments were already incorporated in a microscope under construction over 20 years ago. However, the application of techniques to circumvent limitations imposed by the sensitivity of organic specimen to radiation damage are still developing. Electron crystallography, which takes advantage of the ability to obtain useful information from images taken at very low exposure, is close to realizing the potential. The state of electron crystallography has advanced rapidly during the last few years. The structure of one protein, bacteriorhodopsin, has been determined from EM data, and several other structures are advanced to the point of fitting the peptide chain to a high-resolution density map.

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Cabrerizo-Morales, Miguel Angel, M. C. Rodriguez-Sanchez, Joaquin Vaquero, Alberto Rodriguez-Moreno, Susana Borromeo, and Rafael Molina-Sanchez. "New Methodology and Instrumental System for Floating Structures Monitoring and Analysis." IEEE Latin America Transactions 18, no. 02 (February 2019): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2019.9082261.

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Cabrerizo-Morales, Miguel Angel, M. C. Rodriguez-Sanchez, Joaquin Vaquero, Alberto Rodriguez-Moreno, Susana Borromeo, and Rafael Molina-Sanchez. "New Methodology and Instrumental System for Floating Structures Monitoring and Analysis." IEEE Latin America Transactions 18, no. 02 (February 2020): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2020.9085303.

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Solohub, V. D. "Methodology of teaching professional disciplines for EPP “Instrumental and orchestra art”." Pedagogical sciences reality and perspectives, no. 81 (2021): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series5.2021.81.40.

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Sitnikova, Ekaterina V., Elena N. Hmyrova, and Dmitry S. Ozhigin. "METHODOLOGY OF INSTRUMENTAL CONTROL OF STABILITY OF QUARRY SLOPES USING GNSS TECHNOLOGIES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-1-1-161-168.

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The article describes the methodology of instrumental monitoring of the stability of Karatemir open pit slopes using GNSS technologies. An iron ore deposit was selected to carry out the study. The exploitation of subsurface use facilities developed in an open way requires regular monitoring of the stability state of the instrument array. This is the main task for the safe and efficient operation of the entire field. The favorable conditions for conducting observations and the accuracy of satellite observations are also described. The analysis of the stability status of career slopes.

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Chammas, Cristiane Benedetti, and José Mauro da Costa Hernandez. "Comparing transformational and instrumental leadership." Innovation & Management Review 16, no. 2 (May 15, 2019): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/inmr-08-2018-0064.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of transformational and instrumental leadership on the individual performance of the employee and the financial performance in Brazilian startups. Design/methodology/approach The adopted methodological construction strategy was structural equation modeling, with the purpose of applying the model to primary data collected from a sample of leaders of Brazilian startups (n = 126). Findings Results suggest that when leadership types are analyzed separately, both directly influence employee performance. Originality/value This study has four main contributions: to test the influence of the two leadership styles on employee performance and thus to help advance the theoretical understanding of leadership; to perform this test in the context of Brazilian startups; to equip professionals with more information about the effects of crucial leadership types on individual type of employee performance; and to expand knowledge for recruitment and managerial training in initial-stage companies.

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Liu, Haijian, Shandan Shi, and Mo Zhang. "Is it purely instrumental?" Nankai Business Review International 9, no. 4 (November 5, 2018): 540–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nbri-01-2018-0004.

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Purpose This study mainly aims to examine whether entrepreneurs’ utilization of political connections is purely egoistic. Addressing this issue could shed light on traditional debate which concerns whether political connections still have strategic value at advanced stage of institutional transition today in China. Here, at the background of Chinese economic transformation, the utilization of political connections is studied, and a double-role model of the pro-self-mechanism and the pro-social mechanism between political connections and performance in China is put forward. Design/methodology/approach This study uses survey of questionnaires randomly from 363 entrepreneurs in Jiangsu, Anhui and Shandong Provinces of China and adopts the first stage and direct moderation model in examination. Findings The results show that there exists mediated mechanism of both pro-self and pro-social mechanism in the relationship between political connections and firm performance. The authors conclude that utilization of political connections is not only purely egoistic but also altruistic. So, both dark-side and bright-side mechanisms of political connections in China are of equal importance. In addition, the authors take into consideration of the contingency effects of institution, industry and firm-level factors of this moderation model. The pro-self and pro-social mechanisms have differences in terms of moderator-within and moderator-between comparisons of these three contingency effects. Among these comparisons, the pro-self-mediating mechanism is most sensitive to changes of institutional quality, whereas the pro-social mediating mechanism is most sensitive to the uncertainty of industry competition. Research limitations/implications This evidence furthermore verifies that the process of institutional transition is nonlinear and political connections still have strategic value in advanced stage of institutional transition today. Originality/value This study combines the dual perspectives of “give” and “take.” The former implies the pro-social motivation, while the latter implies the pro-self-motivation. Based on the framework of “resource-conduct-performance,” this study explores how these two mechanisms mediate the relationship between political ties and firm performance. In addition, the authors adopt the framework of “Strategy Tripod,” which was proposed by Peng et al. (2009) and examine the difference between pro-self and pro-social motivation at different level of institution environment improvement, industry dynamics and firm absorptive capacity.

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Breunig, Christoph. "SPECIFICATION TESTING IN NONPARAMETRIC INSTRUMENTAL QUANTILE REGRESSION." Econometric Theory 36, no. 4 (January 7, 2020): 583–625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466619000288.

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There are many environments in econometrics which require nonseparable modeling of a structural disturbance. In a nonseparable model with endogenous regressors, key conditions are validity of instrumental variables and monotonicity of the model in a scalar unobservable variable. Under these conditions the nonseparable model is equivalent to an instrumental quantile regression model. A failure of the key conditions, however, makes instrumental quantile regression potentially inconsistent. This article develops a methodology for testing the hypothesis whether the instrumental quantile regression model is correctly specified. Our test statistic is asymptotically normally distributed under correct specification and consistent against any alternative model. In addition, test statistics to justify the model simplification are established. Finite sample properties are examined in a Monte Carlo study and an empirical illustration is provided.

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Yarskaya, V. N., and N. S. Bozhok. "Methodology of Sociological Instrumentation in Modern Cultural Studies (Problem Statement)." Vestnik Povolzhskogo instituta upravleniya 21, no. 3 (2021): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1682-2358-2021-3-62-69.

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The instrumentalism of sociology in the system of cultural studies as a scientific method on the example of the development of the culture of reconstructivism is considered. Cultural studies are presented as a direction accumulating the instrumental experience of sociology. Interdisciplinarity as a principle of scientific methodology assimilates the experience of various intellectual movements, problematization of the value content and social functions of culture, its diverse phenomena. The new possibilities of developing the culturological concept of temporalism are revealed.

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Rathod, Gunvantsinh I., and Kaushik Khamrui. "Instrumental texture profile of reduced-caloriePedaas a function of ingredients using response surface methodology." International Journal of Dairy Technology 68, no. 4 (July 5, 2015): 543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.12200.

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Soldatova, S., and G. Filatova. "Updating the Methodology of Organoleptic Analysis of Black Tea." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 11 (November 15, 2020): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/60/33.

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The article contains theoretical and practical information, including the basic requirements for black tea, methods for evaluating organoleptic indicators. Tasting remains one of the preferred methods of assessing the quality of tea. Tea tester evaluates such properties of the drink (aroma and taste shades, the presence of foreign odors and tastes) that cannot be obtained by other methods. When carried out correctly, organoleptic analysis gives no less objective results than instrumental analytical methods. To a certain extent, it is more informative, since it allows you to evaluate the product from the point of view of the consumer and his preferences.

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Fàbrega, C., D. Parcerisa, J. M. Rossell, A. Gurenko, and C. Franke. "Predicting instrumental mass fractionation (IMF) of stable isotope SIMS analyses by response surface methodology (RSM)." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, no. 4 (2017): 731–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00397d.

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Instrumental mass fractionation (IMF) of isotopic SIMS analyses (Cameca 1280HR, CRPG Nancy) was predicted by response surface methodology (RSM) for the ¹⁸O/¹⁶O determination of plagioclase, K-feldspar, and quartz.

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Verney, John P. "The Integrated Instrumental Teacher: Learning to Play Through Performance, Listening and Composition." British Journal of Music Education 8, no. 3 (November 1991): 245–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051700008500.

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This article is written to show that composition can become an integral part of an instrumental teacher's methodology. Current musical education in schools in England and Wales is trying to give children a broad understanding of what music can contribute to the lives of all - listeners and performers. The starting point for this is composition. If instrumental teachers can introduce children to this discipline along with the disciplines of instrumental technique and a love of performing, we can create true, well-balanced musicians.Through this approach it is possible that we can develop an integrated music curriculum that joins together the expertise of the classroom music teacher and the instrumental teacher, with resulting benefits to children, who can then see that music is not divided between the creative classroom and the re-creative instrumental and performing worlds.

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Lipatova, Vera Yu. "INSTRUMENTAL KNOWLEDGE AS THE COMPONENT OF RHETORIC EDUCATION IN THE METHODOLOGY SYSTEM OF T.A. LADYZHENSKAYA." Russian language at school 79, no. 4 (April 25, 2018): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2018-79-4-7-11.

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Hrihorovskyi, P. Ye, and V. O. Basanskyi. "METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF INSTRUMENTAL MONITORING OF LANDSIDE DANGEROUS AREAS." Scientific journal "New technologies in construction", no. 38 (2020): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2664-0406.2020.38.1.

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Sethi, Nikita, and B. V. Balasubramanyam. "Optimization of butter fruit incorporated fat spread using instrumental textural analysis: a response surface methodology." Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization 12, no. 2 (December 11, 2017): 859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11694-017-9700-5.

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Kim, Yonggi, Hyeon Ji Kim, Wanil Cho, Sanghoon Ko, Sung Kwon Park, and Suyong Lee. "Classification of starch gel texture for the elderly diets based on instrumental and sensory methodology." Journal of Texture Studies 48, no. 5 (February 7, 2017): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12248.

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Gupta, R. K., Alka Sharma, and R. Sharma. "Instrumental Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) of Shelled Sunflower Seed Caramel Snack Using Response Surface Methodology." Food Science and Technology International 13, no. 6 (December 2007): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013207088369.

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Models capable of predicting product quality of shelled sunflower seed caramel snack have been developed using response surface methodology. The textural profile analysis was conducted on the snacks using a texture analyzer. The quality attributes measured were hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, and resilience as a function of sugar and sunflower kernels content. The sugar and shelled seed proportions affect the textural characteristics of the product significantly (p<0.05). The values of hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, and resilience varied from 2.048 to 42.030 N, 1.002 to 5.003, 1.138 to 1.69, 2.773 to 228.146N, and 0.301 to 0.779, respectively. The highest values of hardness and chewiness were attained for the product with 70:30 sugar and shelled sunflower seed proportion respectively. Similarly the highest values of cohesiveness, springiness and resilience were observed in 50 : 30, 50 : 40, and 50 : 50 proportions respectively. The lowest values of hardness and chewiness were observed in 50 : 50 (sugar: shelled sunflower seed) proportion respectively. Similarly the lowest values of cohesiveness were observed in 70: 50 whereas the lowest values of springiness and resilience were observed in 70 : 30 proportions respectively. Hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness trended to increase whereas springiness and resilience decreased with increase in sugar proportion.

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D'Amico, G., A. Amodeo, H. Baars, I. Binietoglou, V. Freudenthaler, I. Mattis, U. Wandinger, and G. Pappalardo. "EARLINET Single Calculus Chain – overview on methodology and strategy." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 11 (November 20, 2015): 4891–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-4891-2015.

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Abstract. In this paper we describe the EARLINET Single Calculus Chain (SCC), a tool for the automatic analysis of lidar measurements. The development of this tool started in the framework of EARLINET-ASOS (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network – Advanced Sustainable Observation System); it was extended within ACTRIS (Aerosol, Clouds and Trace gases Research InfraStructure Network), and it is continuing within ACTRIS-2. The main idea was to develop a data processing chain that allows all EARLINET stations to retrieve, in a fully automatic way, the aerosol backscatter and extinction profiles starting from the raw lidar data of the lidar systems they operate. The calculus subsystem of the SCC is composed of two modules: a pre-processor module which handles the raw lidar data and corrects them for instrumental effects and an optical processing module for the retrieval of aerosol optical products from the pre-processed data. All input parameters needed to perform the lidar analysis are stored in a database to keep track of all changes which may occur for any EARLINET lidar system over the time. The two calculus modules are coordinated and synchronized by an additional module (daemon) which makes the whole analysis process fully automatic. The end user can interact with the SCC via a user-friendly web interface. All SCC modules are developed using open-source and freely available software packages. The final products retrieved by the SCC fulfill all requirements of the EARLINET quality assurance programs on both instrumental and algorithm levels. Moreover, the manpower needed to provide aerosol optical products is greatly reduced and thus the near-real-time availability of lidar data is improved. The high-quality of the SCC products is proven by the good agreement between the SCC analysis, and the corresponding independent manual retrievals. Finally, the ability of the SCC to provide high-quality aerosol optical products is demonstrated for an EARLINET intense observation period.

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D'Amico, G., A. Amodeo, H. Baars, I. Binietoglou, V. Freudenthaler, I. Mattis, U. Wandinger, and G. Pappalardo. "EARLINET Single Calculus Chain – general presentation methodology and strategy." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, no. 5 (May 13, 2015): 4973–5023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-4973-2015.

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Abstract. In this paper we describe the EARLINET Single Calculus Chain (SCC) a tool for the automatic analysis of lidar measurements. The development of this tool started in the framework of EARLINET-ASOS (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network – Advanced Sustainable Observation System) project and it is still continuing within ACTRIS (Aerosol, Clouds and Trace gases Research InfraStructure Network) project. The main idea was to develop a chain which allows all EARLINET stations to retrieve in a full automatic way the aerosol backscatter and extinction profiles starting from the raw lidar data of the lidar systems they operate. The calculus subsystem of the SCC is composed by two modules: a pre-processor module that handles the raw lidar data and corrects them for instrumental effects and an optical processing module for the retrieval of aerosol optical products from the pre-processed data. All the input parameters needed to perform the lidar analysis are stored in a database to get them in an efficient way and also to keep track of all the changes that may occur on any EARLINET lidar system over the time. The two calculus modules and the data are coordinated and synchronized by a further module (deamon) which makes fully automatic the whole analysis process. The end-user can interact with the SCC using a user-friendly web interface. All the SCC modules are developed using open source and free available software packages. The final products retrieved by the SCC fulfill all constraints fixed in the framework of the EARLINET quality assurance programs on both instrumental and algorithm levels. Moreover the man power needed to provide aerosol optical products is greatly reduced improving the near-real time availability of lidar data. The high quality of the SCC products is demonstrated by the good agreement between the SCC analysis and the corresponding independent manual retrievals. Finally, a real example of the applicability of the SCC in providing high quality aerosol optical products in case of intense observation period is provided.

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Lee, Euncheol, Hyunsu Jun, Wonho Choi, Kihyun Kwon, Jihyung Lim, Seung-hak Lee, and JoonSeo Yim. "CIS Band Noise Prediction Methodology Using Co-Simulation of Camera Module." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 7 (January 26, 2020): 328–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.7.iss-328.

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This paper describes a CMOS image sensor (CIS) horizontal band noise reduction methodology considering on-chip and offchip camera module PCB design parameters. The horizontal band noise is a crucial issue for high quality camera of modern smartphone applications. This paper discusses CIS horizontal band noise mechanism and proposes the solution by optimization of design factors in CIS and camera module. Analog ground impedance value and bias voltage condition of pixel array transfer gate have been found to be effective optimization parameters. Through the real experimental data, we proved that proposed solution is instrumental in reducing the horizontal band noise.

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Menteş, T. O., G. Zamborlini, A. Sala, and A. Locatelli. "Cathode lens spectromicroscopy: methodology and applications." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 5 (October 27, 2014): 1873–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.198.

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The implementation of imaging techniques with low-energy electrons at synchrotron laboratories allowed for significant advancement in the field of spectromicroscopy. The spectroscopic photoemission and low energy electron microscope, SPELEEM, is a notable example. We summarize the multitechnique capabilities of the SPELEEM instrument, reporting on the instrumental aspects and the latest developments on the technical side. We briefly review applications, which are grouped into two main scientific fields. The first one covers different aspects of graphene physics. In particular, we highlight the recent work on graphene/Ir(100). Here, SPELEEM was employed to monitor the changes in the electronic structure that occur for different film morphologies and during the intercalation of Au. The Au monolayer, which creeps under graphene from the film edges, efficiently decouples the graphene from the substrate lowering the Dirac energy from 0.42 eV to 0.1 eV. The second field combines magnetism studies at the mesoscopic length scale with self-organized systems featuring ordered nanostructures. This example highlights the possibility to monitor growth processes in real time and combine chemical characterization with X-ray magnetic circular dichroism–photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD–PEEM) magnetic imaging by using the variable photon polarization and energy available at the synchrotron source.

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Monakhov, Vadim Makarievich. "Numerical methods in didactic research as innovation factors objectification and evidence educational results." Moscow University Pedagogical Education Bulletin, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51314/2073-2635-2017-1-17-28.

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Why modernized education continues to use the age-old methodology, despite the standardization informatization era? How to consist today the relationship between the queen of sciences - mathematics and didactics? Why teachers and researchers continue to be satisfied with a rough approximation methodology, but the interest of reliability of the experimental results in dissertations calculated to the nearest hundredth, and sometimes up to thousandths? What could and should be the normal methodology of instrumental didactic research?

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Roy Choudhury, Asim Kumar, and Biswajit Naskar. "Comparison of visual (MUNSELL) and instrumental measures (CIELAB) of coloured textile standard samples." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 23, no. 4 (December 2, 2019): 340–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-08-2018-0050.

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Purpose This paper aims to compare visual (Munsell) and instrumental (CIELAB) attributes of SCOTDIC colour standards. Design/methodology/approach SCOTDIC cotton and polyester standards of defined hue, value and chroma were subjected to spectrophotometric assessment for finding the corresponding instrumental parameters. The visual and instrumental parameters were compared. Findings The correlation between SCOTDIC value and CIELAB lightness is quite high. Correlation coefficient between SCOTDIC hue and CIELAB hue angle and the correlation between SCOTDIC chroma and CIELAB chroma were only moderate because the CIELAB chroma varied widely at higher chroma. When the standards of SCOTDIC hues having erratic hue angles at two extremes are excluded, the Correlation coefficients between SCOTDIC hue and CIELAB hue angle become high. Research limitations/implications The psychophysical data (visual) are difficult to match with physical data (instrumental). Originality/value The object of the present research is to study and compare visual (Munsell) and instrumental (CIELAB) colorimetric parameters. Munsell scale is physically exemplified by SCOTDIC fabric samples available in two sets, namely, cotton and polyester sets.

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Pieniazek, Facundo, Agustina Roa Andino, and Valeria Messina. "Prediction of texture in different beef cuts applying image analysis technique." British Food Journal 120, no. 8 (August 6, 2018): 1929–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-12-2017-0695.

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Purpose Measuring texture parameters are time consuming and expensive; it is necessary to develop an efficient and rapid method to evaluate them. Image analysis can be a useful tool. The purpose of this paper is to predict texture parameters in different beef cuts applying image analysis techniques. Design/methodology/approach Samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Texture parameters were analyzed by instrumental, image analysis techniques and by Warner–Bratzler shear force. Findings Significant differences (p<0.05) were obtained for image and instrumental texture features. Higher amount of porous were observed in freeze dried samples of beef cuts from Gluteus Medius and semintendinosus muscles. A linear trend with a linear correlation was applied for instrumental and image texture. High correlations were found between image and instrumental texture features. Instrumental parameters showed a positive correlation with image texture feature. Originality/value This research suggests that the addition of image texture features improves the accuracy to predict texture parameter. The prediction of quality parameters can be performed easily with a computer by recognizing attributes within an image.

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Rakic-Kostic, Tijana, Jovana Bogojeski, Iva Popovic, Maja Nesic, Boris Rajcic, Marija Nisavic, Marijana Petkovic, and Suzana Velickovic. "Experimental design for optimizing MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of palladium complexes." Chemical Industry 71, no. 4 (2017): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind160614038r.

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This paper presents optimization of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer (MS) instrumental parameters for the analysis of chloro(2,2'',2"-terpyridine)palladium(II) chloride dihydrate complex applying design of experiments methodology (DoE). This complex is of interest for potential use in the cancer therapy. DoE methodology was proved to succeed in optimization of many complex analytical problems. However, it has been poorly used for MALDI-TOF-MS optimization up to now. The theoretical mathematical relationships which explain the influence of important experimental factors (laser energy, grid voltage and number of laser shots) on the selected responses (signal to noise ? S/N ratio and the resolution ? R of the leading peak) is established. The optimal instrumental settings providing maximal S/N and R are identified and experimentally verified.

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Weemstra, Cornelis, Janneke I. de Laat, Arie Verdel, and Pieter Smets. "Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays." Geophysical Journal International 224, no. 2 (October 20, 2020): 1028–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa504.

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SUMMARY Instrumental timing and phase errors are a notorious problem in seismic data acquisition and processing. These can be frequency independent, for example due to clock drift, but may also be frequency dependent, for example due to imperfectly known instrument responses. A technique is presented that allows both types of errors to be recovered in a systematic fashion. The methodology relies on the time-symmetry usually inherent in time-averaged cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise: the difference between the arrival time of the direct surface-wave at positive time and the arrival time of the direct surface-wave at negative time is quantified. Doing this for all eligible receiver–receiver pairs of a large-N seismic array, including one or more receivers devoid of instrumental timing errors, the instrumental timing errors of all incorrectly timed receivers can be determined uniquely. Most notably, this is accomplished by means of a weighted least-squares inversion. The weights are based on the receiver–receiver distances and decrease the adverse effect of inhomogeneities in the noise illumination pattern on the recovered instrumental timing errors. Inversion results are furthermore optimized by limiting the inversion to receiver couples that (i) exceed a specific receiver–receiver distance threshold and (ii) whose time-averaged cross-correlations exceed a specific signal-to-noise ratio threshold. Potential frequency dependence of the timing errors is incorporated by means of an iterative, frequency-dependent approach. The proposed methodology is validated using synthetic recordings of ambient seismic surface-wave noise due to an arbitrary non-uniform illumination pattern. The methodology is successfully applied to time-averaged cross-correlations of field recordings of ambient seismic noise on and around the Reykjanes peninsula, SW Iceland.

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Bonanno, Giovanni, Davide Marano, Massimiliano Belluso, Sergio Billotta, Alessandro Grillo, Salvatore Garozzo, Giuseppe Romeo, and Maria Cristina Timpanaro. "Characterization Measurements Methodology and Instrumental Set-Up Optimization for New SiPM Detectors—Part I: Electrical Tests." IEEE Sensors Journal 14, no. 10 (October 2014): 3557–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2014.2328621.

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Bonanno, Giovanni, Davide Marano, Massimiliano Belluso, Sergio Billotta, Alessandro Grillo, Salvatore Garozzo, Giuseppe Romeo, and Maria Cristina Timpanaro. "Characterization Measurements Methodology and Instrumental Set-Up Optimization for New SiPM Detectors - Part II: Optical Tests." IEEE Sensors Journal 14, no. 10 (October 2014): 3567–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2014.2328623.

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Canet, Wenceslao, María J. Jiménez, Raúl Fuentes, and María D. Álvarez. "Formulation Development of a New Chickpea Gel Using Response Surface Methodology and Instrumental and Sensory Data." Journal of Food Process Engineering 38, no. 3 (November 6, 2014): 271–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12136.

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Oliveira, Elenilce Gomes de, and Carlos Augusto De Oliveira Azevedo Filho. "ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO E A TENDÊNCIA À RAZÃO INSTRUMENTAL." Revista Labor 1, no. 17 (July 31, 2017): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.29148/labor.v1i17.19945.

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Resumo Destaca a tendência à razão instrumental, com base em Theodor W. Adorno e Max Horkheimer, cuja crítica a essa racionalidade constitui marco importante para a compreensão dos obstáculos à emancipação e à liberdade humana. A metodologia tem suporte na acepção do materialismo histórico-dialético, de modo a evidenciar elementos atinentes às relações histórico-sociais. Dessa maneira, põe em ressalto peculiaridades relativas à manifestação desta racionalidade no âmbito do Estágio Supervisionado, componente curricular da Licenciatura em Teatro, no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará. Palavras-chave: Racionalidade. Adorno. Horkheimer. Formação. Estágio Supervised internship and tendency to instrumental reason Abstract The present paper highlights the tendency to instrumental reason as developed by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer, whose criticism to this rationality constitutes an important milestone for understanding the obstacles to human emancipation and freedom. The methodology is based on the dialectical and historical materialism, in order to point elements related to historical-social relations. In this way, it emphasizes peculiarities related to the manifestation of this rationality within the scope of Supervised Internship as one of the curricular components of the Teaching License in Theater at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará. Key-words: Rationality. Adorno. Horhheimer. Formation. Supervised Internship.

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DeLisi, Matt, Eric Beauregard, and Hayden Mosley. "Armed burglary: a marker for extreme instrumental violence." Journal of Criminal Psychology 7, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-08-2016-0023.

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Purpose Most burglaries are property offenses yet some offenders perpetrate burglary for the purpose of violent instrumental crimes. Sexual burglars are distinct from non-sexual burglars because the former seek to rape or sexually abuse victims within the homes they burgle whereas the latter seek theft and material gain. It is unclear to what degree burglars who are armed with firearms or knives represent a type of sexual burglar, or perhaps a more severe type of offender who enters homes not merely to rape a victim, but to perhaps murder them as well. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on data from 790 felons in Florida, t-test and negative binomial regression models were used to compare armed burglars to offenders who were not convicted of armed burglary. Findings Compared to offenders not convicted of armed burglary, armed burglars were involved in significantly more instrumental crimes of violence including first-degree murder, kidnapping, armed rape, armed robbery and assault with intent to murder. Armed burglary may be a marker of extreme instrumental violent offending and warrants further study. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is among the first studies of armed burglary offenders and adds understanding to the heterogeneity of burglary offenders and their criminal careers.

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Huo, Meng-Long, and Peter Boxall. "Instrumental work values and responses to HR practices." Personnel Review 47, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-01-2017-0015.

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Purpose Grounded in the theory of person-organisation fit, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which instrumental work values influence the relationship between HR practices and employee well-being (measured by job satisfaction) in a sample of Chinese workers. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire data for this cross-sectional, quantitative study were collected from 371 front-line workers in a Chinese manufacturer. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. Findings The results show that work instrumentalism significantly reduces the positive effect of training on job satisfaction while boosting the positive effect of remuneration on job satisfaction. In contrast, there is no evidence for an interaction between instrumentalism and employee involvement. Practical implications The results imply that the degree to which HR practices are effective in promoting job satisfaction among these Chinese workers depends both on their work-value orientations and on the implications of the particular HR practice. Managers concerned about job satisfaction in China need to consider the impact of work values and the goals of particular HR practices. Originality/value China makes an enormously important contribution to world manufacturing output but the authors need a better understanding of how Chinese workers are likely to interpret and respond to HR practices if employee well-being in Chinese enterprises is to be fostered.

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Martin, Emeline, and Sonia Capelli. "Place brand communities: from terminal to instrumental values." Journal of Product & Brand Management 27, no. 7 (November 19, 2018): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-10-2017-1654.

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Purpose This study aims to understand the values around which stakeholders of a place brand within a community can align. Design/methodology/approach A content analysis of websites provided a description of region brands. In-depth interview data from representatives of two communal region brands provide a foundation for investigating the attitudes and behaviors of 20 place brand managers depending on their value orientation. Findings Two categories of communal region brands are found, of which one reflects terminal values whereas the other is based on instrumental values. Instrumental values appear more efficient for promoting the place through stakeholders than terminal values. Research limitations/implications This exploratory research highlights some particularities of place brand communities and adds instrumental value to the classic terminal value identified within commercial brand communities. Practical implications Place brand managers gain insights into the values around which they can align stakeholders of their brand. Originality/value Brand community literature focuses mostly on specialty or convenience product-oriented communities. By investigating a place as a different type of “product”, this study demonstrates that place brands draw on communal arguments to function like master brands. Furthermore, terminal values can be replaced by more instrumental values in the context of place branding, because agreement on broad terminal values by individual members of the community is unlikely to be achieved whereas specific instrumental values can serve their individual interests.

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Solovjova, Tatjana. "Practical Implementation of the Competence-based Approach on Innovation - type Lectures." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 30, 2015): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2013vol1.159.

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The paper presents the methodology of lectures of an innovative type. It is aimed at developing students' instrumental competences (ability to process information: create an associative array, paraphrase, interpret, assign to a concept; ability to organize information: to identify, differentiate, classify, establish a consequence, forecast; ability to analyze verbal and visual information; ability to find inconsistencies in reasoning, etc.). Understanding of educational information by students is rooted in self-study of the trainees, which creates conditions for development of their instrumental competences during the lectures. Learning outcomes in the intellectual and developmental education space is evaluated not according to the amount of information, given at the lecture, but to the depth of students’ understanding of this information and development of their instrumental competences, determining their ability to further self-education.

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Machado, Leonardo de Oliveira, and Mamud Said Neto. "USO DO FÓRCEPS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA." Revista de Patologia do Tocantins 5, no. 3 (September 9, 2018): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2446-6492.2018v5n3p56.

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RESUMO Introdução A família Chamberlen inventou o fórceps obstétrico nos anos 1600 e, desde então, tem havido várias centenas de versões. Atualmente, os dois tipos mais usados no Reino Unido são Neville Barnes '(NBF) e o fórceps de Wrigley (WF). Metodologia Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases Science Direct, Pub Med e Google Scholar para publicações recentes sobre o uso do fórceps utilizando a palavra chave: forceps use. A seleção de estudos potenciais a serem incluídos foi feita revisando os títulos, resumos e data de publicação, sendo selecionados apenas artigos em inglês. Finalmente, foram incluídos para a revisão 21 artigos. Não houve seleção com base na metodologia do estudo, de modo que foram incluídos vários tipos de artigos. Resultados A taxa de partos instrumentais está diminuindo, particularmente o uso de fórceps, que está mais ou menos fora de prática em alguns países europeus como a Romênia. As taxas de parto vaginal instrumental variam amplamente, de 0,5% na Romênia a 16,4% na Irlanda, com um valor mediano de 7,5% na Europa. Conclusão Há mais partos a vácuo sendo realizadas na Europa e em outros países pelos obstetras. No entanto, muitos obstetras preferem usar dispositivos de extração a vácuo do que fórceps, ou realizar cesarianas em vez de partos vaginais operatórios em geral, com medo de litígio, e a crença de que essas são opções mais seguras. Palavras-chave: fórceps obstétrico, partos instrumentais, uso de fórceps. ABSTRACT Introduction The Chamberlen family invented obstetric forceps in the 1600s, and since then there have been several hundred versions. Currently, the two most commonly used types in the UK are Neville Barnes' (NBF) and Wrigley Forceps (WF). Methodology A search was made at the bases Science Direct, Pub Med and Google Scholar for recent publications on the use of forceps using the keyword: forceps use. The selection of potential studies to be included was done by reviewing the titles, abstracts and date of publication, selecting only articles in English. Finally, 21 articles were included for the review. There was no selection based on the study methodology, so several types of articles were included. Results The rate of instrumental deliveries is declining, particularly the use of forceps, which is more or less out of practice in some European countries such as Romania. Rates of instrumental vaginal delivery vary widely, from 0.5% in Romania to 16.4% in Ireland, with a median value of 7.5% in Europe. Conclusion There are more vacuum deliveries being performed in Europe and in other countries by obstetricians. However, many obstetricians prefer to use vacuum extraction devices than forceps, or perform cesarean deliveries instead of operative vaginal delivery in general, with fear of litigation, and the belief that these are safer options. Keywords: obstetric forceps, instrumental deliveries, forceps use.

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Portelli, Daniel. "Music Gesture and the Correspondence of Lines: Collaborative Video Mediation and Methodology." Leonardo Music Journal 30 (December 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj_a_01081.

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Music Gesture can be thought of as being made up of dynamic, multisensorial lines. From this, the author draws from Ingold's “correspondence of lines” as a conception of music and a transformative compositional process, informing gestural line expressions and the development of notation systems for the body. The author outlines the technology he has developed for two compositions, involving a video scoring methodology and software that enables interactive video gestural sampling in a collaborative art music context. The author also engages with Ingold's concept of the “mesh,” as lines that overflow, and imagines how the mesh could be perceived through sensory modalities. This discourse of lines is contextualized through examples of absurdist instrumental pieces and corporeally based music.

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Temiz, Ayşe Şolpan, Bilge Yiğit Özkan, and Ahmet Şevket Üçer. "A Product-Based Strategic Technology Management Methodology for Developing Countries." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 13, no. 02 (March 27, 2016): 1650011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877016500115.

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As the degree of globalization increases, developing country’s race with countries practicing knowledge society norms requires creative techniques. Countries with limited technological capabilities tend to confront with middle-income trap that makes them create strategies profiting from technological innovation. The well-known method is to perform a technology foresight study and establish the technologies that the country must develop to improve its wellbeing. This paper proposes a differed approach in which a high technology product is serving as the prime motivation behind the nations planning of technology progress. The outcome of the methodology is the selection, prioritization and planning of necessary technologies of the product using all technological capabilities of the nation. Results of the exercise are instrumental in establishing the technology base of the country and enhance its promise of improving technological capability to a higher level. The paper explains the developed methodology and discusses its outputs.

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Pagés, Jérôme, and François Husson. "Multiple factor analysis with confidence ellipses: a methodology to study the relationships between sensory and instrumental data." Journal of Chemometrics 19, no. 3 (2005): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.916.

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E. Motorina, Lubov, and Veronica M. Sytnik. "Existential, Instrumental and Cyber Spaces as Ontological Modi of Human Being." Nova prisutnost XVIII, no. 3 (November 21, 2020): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31192/np.18.3.4.

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Context and relevance of the research: the task of developing a general theoretical basis and methodology of ontological problems of interaction and interrelation of the Internet space and the physical world comes forward with the formation of the virtual computer environment determined both by the presence of a human being in computer network and presence of computer network in the life world of the human being. Virtual reality, even in its current state, is already widely recognized and described in academic sources. There are prospects of its application in medicine, education, professional training, space, military, art, automotive industry, shipbuilding, trade, leisure, consulting assistance to population, administration, and other spheres of management. According to academic forecasts, intensive, large-scale, multidirectional development of virtual computer environment will continue in the 21st century. The purpose of the study is to carry out a systematic analysis of the concepts: existential space, instrumental space and cyberspace in their interrelationship and interaction; to propose the author’s definition of existential space as a methodological construction for the study of its ontological modi: instrumental space and cyberspace; to define the ontological characteristics of instrumental space and cyberspace, their common features (connection) and distinction; to reveal features of existential immersion of a person into virtual computer reality – the process of emotional perception of existence in the information field – an artificially created world of ‘people and things,’ as well as subjective-personal effects accompanying this process. The methodology used: M. Heidegger’s Dasein analytics, D. Ihde’s instrumental realism, systems-based approach, comparative analysis. Key findings: the creation of cyberspace and computer virtual reality has unveiled a new stage in the formation of existential experience and project as a system of information technology and socio-psychological competencies. There is a necessity in the system-based elaboration of conceptual and categorical apparatus. The researcher will use it to describe the ontological modi of both existing and a new (computer virtual) reality and their interconnection.

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Böse, Maren, Vladimir Sokolov, and Friedemann Wenzel. "Shake Map Methodology for Intermediate-Depth Vrancea (Romania) Earthquakes." Earthquake Spectra 25, no. 3 (August 2009): 497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3148882.

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We establish and test a shake map methodology for intermediate-depth Vrancea earthquakes, based on seismological information gathered in Romania during recent years. We use region- (azimuth-) dependent attenuation relations derived from stochastic simulations of ground motions using spectral models of Vrancea earthquakes. Both region boundaries and Fourier amplification spectra for the characterization of seismic site effects are based on several hundred weak, moderate and strong-motion records and macroseismic intensity maps. We determine region-specific, magnitude- and distance-dependent amplification factors of peak values and instrumental intensity relative to rock. We interpolate recorded ground motions and ground motion estimates from the obtained amplification factors and attenuation relations for rock conditions. The resulting shake maps show a good agreement with macroseismic descriptions of moderate-sized and large Vrancea earthquakes, demonstrating the feasibility of a seismological approach to shake map generation. Unlike previous methodologies, this approach requires neither expensive assessments of geology-dependent site amplification factors, nor large numbers of strong-motion records. Our results are in good agreement with empirical topographic slope-site amplification relations, but give a better reflection of the abnormal attenuation of seismic waves in the Transylvanian region and the strong amplification in the Focsani basin.

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Kochergina, N. V., S. N. Prokhorov, S. I. Tkachev, A. D. Ryzhkov, and A. B. Bludov. "Metastatic Lesion of the Vertebra in Prostate Cancer and Complex Instrumental Diagnostics." Journal of oncology: diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy 4, no. 2 (June 22, 2021): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37174/2587-7593-2021-4-2-101-107.

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Purpose: To conduct a retrospective analysis of the clinical case of metastatic vertebral lesion in prostate cancer and the algorithm for the use of instrumental diagnostic methods.Material and methods: Patient 67 years old. History of prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Suspected metastatic lesion of the left transverse process of the 7th thoracic vertebra based on PET/CT. For clarification, MRI, Skeletal scintigraphy, SPECT/CT were performed.Conclusion: Access to a wide range of instrumental methods does not guarantee correct diagnosis. Modality, research methodology, time between the first and clarifying methods — all these factors affect the correct diagnosis, the choice of the treatment method, the timeliness of the start of treatment and, as a result, the fate of the patient.

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Schenck, Robert. "Above all, Learning an Instrument must be Fun!" British Journal of Music Education 6, no. 1 (March 1989): 3–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051700006811.

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This article deals with objectives in the teaching of musical instruments to children. Methods of establishing and re-establishing goals are suggested, and previous lists of objectives pertaining to music education in general, instrumental teaching and athletics are presented. Based on these lists, and on his experience as a teacher and consultant in instrumental methodology, the author presents a list of goals specifically formulated for the teaching of musical instruments to children. Some of the goals are far-reaching, dealing not only with progress on the instrument, but also with the overall musical and personal development of the pupils. The article concludes with a discussion about possible priorities among these objectives.

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Rodríquez-Carvajal, Juan, and T. Roisnel. "Line Broadening Analysis Using FullProf*: Determination of Microstructural Properties." Materials Science Forum 443-444 (January 2004): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.443-444.123.

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A short account of the methodology used within FullProf to extract average micro-structural properties from the analysis of broadened lines of constant wavelength diffraction patterns is presented. The approach is based on the Voigt approximation and can be combined with the Rietveld method as well as with the profile matching (Le Bail fit) procedure. Both the instrumental and sample profiles are supposed to be well described by Voigt functions. To get reliable sample parameters a good knowledge of the Instrumental Resolution Function (IRF) is needed. Only a phenomenological treatment, in terms of coherent size domains and strains due to structural defects, is performed.

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Zhang, Qiansong, Jieyi Pan, Dehui Xu, and Taiwen Feng. "Balancing coercive and non-coercive powers to enhance green supplier integration: do relationship commitment and closeness matter?" Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 25, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 637–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-03-2019-0140.

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Purpose Although the importance of green supplier integration (GSI) has been recognized, the knowledge of how it can be enhanced is still limited. Using insights from transaction cost and resource dependence theories, this paper aims to explore how to balance coercive and non-coercive powers to enhance GSI and the mediating role of relationship commitment and the moderating role of relationship closeness. Design/methodology/approach To validate the hypotheses, this study conducted hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping using the survey data collected from 206 Chinese manufacturers. Findings The results indicate that coercive power undermines normative commitment, while non-coercive power promotes normative and instrumental commitments. Both normative and instrumental commitments enhance GSI. Normative commitment mediates the impacts of coercive and non-coercive powers on GSI, while instrumental commitment only mediates the impact of non-coercive power on GSI. Moreover, supplier trust and dependence negatively moderate the positive link between instrumental commitment and GSI. Practical implications Executives should carefully balance coercive and non-coercive powers to encourage firms to maintain good relationships with suppliers and develop common environmental values under different mediating effects of normative and instrumental commitments. However, they should also be aware that high level of trust and dependence can affect the impacts of powers. Originality/value This study contributes to GSI literature by opening the “black box” between power and GSI and verifying its boundary conditions.

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Teixeira, Pedro C. N., José A. Coelho Neto, Humberto Rocha, and Juracy M. de Oliveira. "An instrumental set up for seed germination studies with temperature control and automatic image recording." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 19, no. 2 (June 2007): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202007000200002.

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This paper describes a new instrumental methodology proposed for the study of seed germination which can be applied to germination physiology, agriculture and forest restoration. This instrument performs the recording of images of germinating seeds through the use of a flat-bed scanner coupled to a computer, where a specific program commands the capture of these images at predetermined time intervals. These images are archived for posterior analysis. The device allows the collection of data and the elaboration of germination curves with high accuracy. Furthermore, the device permits the study of seed germination over a broad range of temperatures as well as the easy application of chemical agents to the seeds in order to study their influence on the germination process. Lactuca sativa seeds were used in this study as an experimental model. Germination curves were plotted at different temperatures in order to evaluate the device for experimental work. This paper also presents a methodology of statistical analysis that supports the reliability of this equipment.

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Zagaykevych, Alla, and Ivan Zavada. "Development of electronic music in Ukraine: emergence of a research methodology." Organised Sound 12, no. 2 (July 4, 2007): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771807001811.

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AbstractIn this article the authors present an overview of the current situation in Ukraine, with regards to the question of analytical terminology applied to new methods of creation in electronic music composition. The article establishes the differences and the similarities between the analyses of instrumental and electronic music structures, while considering the role of technology in the creation of new electronic music works. This paper also establishes a link between the origin of current analytical processes and electronic music practice in Ukraine, taking into account the function of a given terminology and its characteristic elements relating to a local geographical and cultural context. The authors underline the importance of integrating new music forms in academic circles and discuss external influences in the development of new musical systems. This is demonstrated by exposing selected musical materials, which can be considered representative of the creative and theoretical processes found in the field of electronic music in Ukraine.

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Sinitsyn, Anton, Oleg Stratunov, Timur Akhmetov, and Nikolay Monarkin. "Methodology for assessing technological efficiency and safety at the enterprise for production of reinforced concrete structures." E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801073.

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This paper considers the main results of instrumental analysis of technological efficiency and safety, and suggestions for improving the working conditions of workers engaged in steaming of reinforced concrete products in steam curing chambers operating on saturated steam. This work is a part of comprehensive energy study of enterprise to find measures that increase the energy potential of not only the enterprise itself, but also reduce the cost of primary and auxiliary products by reducing costs in its production. An optimized scheme for delivery, transporting and consumption of water vapour was implemented in the real sector of the economy in Vologda (Russia).

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Chambers, Darryl L., Yasser A. Payne, and Ivan Sun. "Predicting trust in police: the impact of instrumental and expressive concerns in street-identified Black-American men and women." Policing: An International Journal 43, no. 6 (October 25, 2020): 917–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-01-2020-0012.

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PurposeWhile the past few decades have witnessed a substantial number of studies on public attitudes toward the police, a relatively thin line of inquiry has focused exclusively on low income urban Black-Americans, and especially street-identified Black populations. The purpose of this paper, however, is to examine trust in police amongst street-identified Black men and women.Design/methodology/approachRelying on a street participatory action research methodological approach, the authors collected survey data (N = 520) from two low-income unban Black neighborhoods, to examine the effects of an instrumental model versus an expressive model on procedural- and outcome-based trust in police.FindingsThe findings suggested a community sample of street-identified Black men and women were able to differentiate between procedural- and outcome-based trust. The instrumental model was better in predicting procedural-based trust in police, while the expressive model accounted better for outcome-based trust in police.Research limitations/implicationsImplications for street participatory action research methodology, future research and policy are also discussed.Originality/valueThis paper is an original manuscript.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Instrumental methodology'

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