Relevant bibliographies by topics / Instrumental renewal

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Instrumental renewal'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Instrumental renewal"

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Todd, Travis P. "Mechanisms of renewal after the extinction of instrumental behavior." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 39, no. 3 (2013): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0032236.

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Sanderson, Ian. "Participation and Democratic Renewal: from 'instrumental' to 'communicative rationality'?" Policy & Politics 27, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 325–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557399782453145.

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Johanson, Lars. "On the Renewal and Reinterpretation of "Instrumental" Gerunds in Turkic." Oriens 31 (1988): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1580731.

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Johanson, Lars. "On the renewal and reinterpretation of “instrumental” gerunds in Turkic." Oriens 31, no. 1 (July 4, 1988): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18778372-03101009.

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Bernal-Gamboa, Rodolfo, Javier Nieto, and Metin Uengoer. "Effects of extinction in multiple contexts on renewal of instrumental responses." Behavioural Processes 142 (September 2017): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2017.06.003.

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Bouton, Mark E., Neil E. Winterbauer, and Travis P. Todd. "Relapse processes after the extinction of instrumental learning: Renewal, resurgence, and reacquisition." Behavioural Processes 90, no. 1 (May 2012): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2012.03.004.

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Bader, Barbara. "Epistemological Renewal and Environmental Education: Science in Context." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 20, no. 2 (2004): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002160.

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AbstractThe instrumental relationship to nature and the realist epistemology that dominate the analysis of contemporary environmental issues have prompted me to develop an interest in a socialized conception of science in environmental education (EE) so as to throw into question a certain overappreciation of scientific expertise whenever the environment is at issue. This interest in an epistemological renewal has also impelled me to favour the socioconstructivist model of cognition in EE. The relevance of these various aspects is presented to the reader as the extension of a necessary epistemological renewal in EE, as various authors in this field of research have advocated.
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HAMELIN, FABRICE. "Renewal of Public Policy via Instrumental Innovation: Implementing Automated Speed Enforcement in France." Governance 23, no. 3 (June 23, 2010): 509–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.2010.01492.x.

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Collins, William J., and Katharine L. Shester. "Slum Clearance and Urban Renewal in the United States." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 239–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.5.1.239.

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We study the local effects of a federal program that helped cities clear areas for redevelopment, rehabilitate structures, complete city plans, and enforce building codes. We use an instrumental variable strategy to estimate the program's effects on city-level measures of income, property values, employment and poverty rates, and population. The estimated effects on income, property values, and population are positive and economically significant. They are not driven by changes in demographic composition. Estimated effects on poverty reduction and employment are positive but imprecise. The results are consistent with a model in which local productivity is enhanced. (JEL I32, N32, N92, R23, R38, R58)
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Cohen-Hatton, Sabrina R., and R. C. Honey. "Renewal of extinguished instrumental responses: independence from Pavlovian processes and dependence on outcome value." Learning & Behavior 41, no. 4 (July 3, 2013): 379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13420-013-0113-y.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Instrumental renewal"

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Steinfeld, Michael. "Contextual Control Of Instrumental Actions And Habits Following Retroactive Interference." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1041.

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It is commonly accepted that instrumental responses that have been extinguished can return. For example, in a phenomenon known as the renewal effect, extinguished behaviors return upon removal from the extinction context. Another well-accepted notion is that instrumental behaviors can be thought of as goal-directed actions, which form over the course of moderate amounts of practice or training, and habits, which form after extended practice. Despite years of research on both topics, what happens to actions and habits following extinction is poorly understood. The present experiments examined the renewal of actions and habits following retroactive interference paradigms such as extinction and additional training. Experiment 1 examined renewal of an action following its extinction in a separate context, and demonstrated that the extinguished behavior renewed as an action upon return to the acquisition context. Experiment 2 asked the same question about habits, and found that the behavior renewed as a habit after extinction upon return to the acquisition context. Experiment 3 examined renewal of goal-directed responding in one context following extensive training and conversion into habit in another context. It demonstrated that a single response could manifest as a habit in one context, and renew as an action in the original training context. Experiment 4 asked if this effect depends on returning to the acquisition context, or simply removal from the habit training context. The results suggest that mere removal from the habit training context is sufficient to renew the goal-directed properties of a behavior. Together, the results suggest that actions and habits can be inhibited in a context-specific manner by extinction, and that instrumental behaviors can have both action and habit properties that can each renew under the proper circumstances. The results also expand on the notion that habits are especially context specific, while actions can transfer across contexts.
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Schepers, Scott Timothy. "Renewal In The Context Of Stress: A Potential Mechanism Of Stress-Induced Reinstatement." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/780.

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In the animal laboratory, stressors can produce the relapse of drug-seeking behaviors after the behavior has been inhibited by extinction. This type of relapse has been called stress-induced reinstatement, and it models the relapse that is commonly reported in human populations. Interestingly, in the laboratory, stress does not typically reinstate extinguished behaviors that have been reinforced by food. One account of the discrepancy is that drugs of abuse may induce stress; therefore, when organisms learn to respond for drugs, they might learn to make the response in the “context” of stress. If so, then stress-induced reinstatement may be better described as renewal in a stress context. Renewal is the type of relapse that occurs when a behavior is returned to the original training context (or is shifted to a new context) after it has been inhibited or suppressed by extinction. Although renewal has usually been studied with contexts that differ in their exteroceptive cues, interoceptive cues (e.g., mood, food deprivation, and drug states) may also provide contexts. Accordingly, if an interoceptive stress state is present when food-seeking behavior is learned, then extinguished food seeking, like drug seeking, should also renew when the organism is stressed after extinction. In this dissertation, I discuss six experiments that investigated this hypothesis. Experiment 1 found that stressors renew extinguished food-seeking if they are also present during instrumental training. Experiments 2 and 3 then provided preliminary evidence that this effect is not exclusively due to incentive learning. Experiment 4 then suggested that interoceptive stress, and not the particular stressor that produces it, may indeed serve as a general interoceptive context that controls the effect. Experiment 5 found that stressors present for acquisition but not extinction training render behavior susceptible to stress induced relapse. The final experiment found that food-reinforced behavior learned in a context created by a cocaine injection renews after cocaine administration but not after footshock stress. Overall, the results indicate that the presence of interoceptive stress stimuli may play the role of context in a renewal paradigm and promote behavioral relapse when re-encountered after extinction. The implications for relapse that often occur following successful suppression of drug use and overeating behaviors are both discussed.
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Schepers, Scott Timothy. "The Effects of Reinforcer Distribution During Response Elimination on Resurgence of an Instrumental Response." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2014. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/280.

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Resurgence is the relapse of an extinguished instrumental behavior that can occur when an alternative behavior that was introduced to replace it is itself extinguished. In a typical resurgence experiment, rats are trained to make a response (R1) for food reinforcers. In a second phase, responses on R1 are no longer reinforced, but a new response (R2) is introduced and responses on it are reinforced. During a third phase, reinforcement for R2 is removed and behavior on R1 often returns (or "resurges") despite remaining on extinction. The current experiments were designed to examine the effects of the temporal distribution of reinforcers delivered during Phase 2 on later resurgence. The role of these alternative reinforcers is central to theories that have been proposed to account for resurgence. The experiments provided a special opportunity to contrast predictions made by the Shahan-Sweeney Model (Shahan & Sweeney, 2011) and a contextual account of resurgence (Winterbauer & Bouton, 2010). Experiments 1 and 2 examined resurgence when alternative reinforcement during Phase 2 was delivered according to the same set of daily reinforcement schedules presented in different orders. That is, one group received rich reinforcement rates that were gradually thinned to leaner ones (Group Thinning) and another group received lean rates that were gradually increased to richer ones (Group Reverse Thinning). Both procedures weakened resurgence compared to that in a group that received the richest rate (a variable interval, or VI 10-s schedule that arranged for a reinforcer to be available for a response every 10s on average) during all of the Phase 2 sessions. However, the forward thinning procedure was more effective than the reverse thinning procedure at eliminating the resurgence effect. Experiment 3 examined resurgence when alternative reinforcement was only available for R2 during every other session. The results indicated that daily alternations of a VI 10-s schedule with an extinction schedule for R2 weakened resurgence compared to groups that either received the same average rate over the entire phase (VI 17.5-s) or that received the same terminal rate (VI 10-s) in every session. The Shahan-Sweeney model cannot account for several of the current results. Instead, the results are most consistent with a contextual account of resurgence. That is, resurgence can be conceptualized as an ABC renewal effect in which extinguished R1 behavior returns when an animal is removed from an extinction "context" provided by R2 reinforcement. Lean reinforcement rates at any time during Phase 2 allow the animal to learn to inhibit R1 under conditions that generalize to the extinction conditions that prevail during the resurgence test. The results also suggest that experience with alternating extinction sessions or lean reinforcement rates close to the final resurgence test are especially effective at eliminating the resurgence effect.
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Eddy, Meghan. "Exercise in developing rats promotes plasticity in the prefrontal cortex: behavioral and neurobiological indications." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/548.

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Physical exercise has repeatedly been shown to trigger positive effects on brain function including improved learning, memory, and executive functions. In addition, corresponding physiological changes have been observed, such as increased neurotrophic factors, changes in neurotransmitter concentrations, and increased dendritic spines. However, these changes have not been well described outside of the hippocampus, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and have not been directly compared at different points of development. Because the prefrontal cortex is one of the last brain areas to fully mature, considering the age at which intervention, such as exercise, takes place is particularly important. Additionally, in human studies the data suggest that exercise has the most profound effects on prefrontal-mediated cognitive functions, while there is considerably less evidence on how exercise affects these functions in animals. The experiments presented here draw upon several well-established methodologies to explore the behavioral and physiological changes due to exercise that take place during adulthood compared to adolescence, as well as the role of mPFC sub regions in instrumental extinction and renewal. To that end, these experiments employ conditioning paradigms using appetitive lever-pressing to assess renewal of extinguished instrumental responding following exercise or pharmacological manipulations. Additionally, because there are multiple reports suggesting that early experiences can affect prefrontal neuronal morphology, dendritic length, complexity, and spine density was examined in young or adult male rats that had access to a locked (no exercise) or unlocked (exercise) running wheel for two weeks. Furthermore, norepinephrine transporter (NET) protein expression in the mPFC was examined by Western blot. Collectively, these experiments suggest that exercise in developing, but not adult rats, reduces the expression of instrumental renewal. The precise role of the mPFC and its sub-regions (i.e., prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL)) in instrumental renewal was examined, providing evidence that the behavioral consequences of physical exercise may be due to modifications not only restricted to the mPFC, but also that exercise may have preferential effects on sub-regions, or change the balance of activation. The finding that when juvenile rats exercised they showed less ABA renewal than non-exercisers, paired with the reduction of ABA renewal when the PL was inactivated (and indeed, almost an identical reduction in the two experiments) points to the deduction that exercise is affecting the PL, perhaps more so than the IL or other mPFC regions.
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Nahum, Noemie Nelly. "Projeto urbano: instrumento de di?logo?" Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2017. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/979.

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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas ? PUC Campinas
It is proposed to reflect the research from the point of view of theory and practice, considering them inseparably related to the process of methodological reconstruction in the applied social sciences, especially in the area of architecture and urbanism. The discussion involves the development of an urban projectc in the Village neighborhood in Campinas, S?o Paulo, understanding it as a political and technical vehicle for dialogue among the social agents involved in it. Urban regeneration of public spaces is privileged, taking into account that, under dialogical conditions, the collective subject can guide the treatment of daily territory.
Prop?e-se refletir a pesquisa do ponto de vista da teoria e da pr?tica, considerando-as indissociavelmente relacionadas ao processo de reconstru??o metodol?gica nas ci?ncias sociais aplicadas, especialmente na ?rea de arquitetura e urbanismo. A discuss?o envolve o desenvolvimento de um projeto urbano no bairro Village em Campinas, S?o Paulo, compreendendo-o como ve?culo pol?tico e t?cnico de di?logo entre os agentes sociais nele envolvidos. Privilegia-se a requalifica??o urbana dos espa?os livres p?blicos, levando em conta que, sob condi??es dial?gicas, o sujeito coletivo possa orientar o tratamento do territ?rio cotidiano.
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Cunha, Kamyla Borges da. "Mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo : evolução do instrumento e suas perspectivas." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263871.

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Orientadores: Arnaldo Cesar Walter, Fernando C. Fernandes Rei
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Neste trabalho, analisou-se o MDL, delineando-lhe o conceito, objetivos, princípios, procedimento de implantação e os critérios de elegibilidade; o delineamento da inserção do MDL no Brasil; e a investigação da potencialidade do MDL como ferramenta de obtenção de formas renováveis de energia, possibilitando a futura análise da efetividade desse instrumento como ferramenta de promoção de novos padrões de obtenção de energia. Foi realizada ampla revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, a contemplar as bases científicas das mudanças climáticas, o processo de negociação, os objetivos e princípios da CQNUMC, o histórico e aspectos do Protocolo de Quioto; o funcionamento do regime jurídico-político instituído por esses tratados; o MDL, seus objetivos, estrutura, dinâmica e processo de certificação, enfocando-se, de forma crítica, os critérios de elegibilidade. Depois da contextualização do plano teórico do MDL, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a operacionalização do MDL no mercado de carbono, explicitando a teoria econômica subjacente aos mecanismos de flexibilização, assim como o funcionamento do mercado de carbono. Tomando como base a visão geral do MDL, procurou-se focar a inserção do MDL no Brasil, dando-se destaque aos aspectos relacionados ao setor de energia
Abstract: This study has as main objectives the anaIysis of CDM, expIaining its concept, objectives, principIes and procedures, eIigibiIity criteria; the investigation of CDM impIementation in BraziI; and the assessment of the potentiaI to use CDM as a tooI to incentive sustainabIe energy generation. In order to achieve these aims, it was made a bibliographic revision about scientific basis of climate change, intemationaI negotiation process, UNFCCC objectives and principIes, Kyoto Protocol main aspects; dynamics of the cIimate regime impIemented by these treaties; the CDM, its objectives, structure, dynamics and procedures and modalities, a criticaI assessment of its eligibility criteria and the CDM dynamics in the carbon market. After this, and taking into account the main aspects of this anaIysis, it was investigated CDM impIementation in BraziI, focusing the reIated energy aspects
Mestrado
Energia, Sociedade e Meio Ambiente
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Park, Sunjoo. "THE INFLUENCE OF STATE-LEVEL RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY INSTRUMENTS ON ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN THE UNITED STATES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL TIME SERIES ANALYSIS." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1378981927.

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Fais, Birgit [Verfasser], and Alfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Voß. "Modelling policy instruments in energy system models : the example of renewable electricity generation in Germany / Birgit Fais. Betreuer: Alfred Voß." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074139690/34.

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Abotah, Remal. "Evaluation of Energy Policy Instruments for the Adoption of Renewable Energy: Case of Wind Energy in the Pacific Northwest U.S." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2128.

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The wide use of renewable energy technologies for generating electricity can be seen as one way of meeting environmental and climate change challenges along with a progression to a low-carbon economy. A large number of policy instruments have been formed and employed to support the adoption of renewable energy technologies in the power generation sector. However, the success of these policies in achieving their goals relies on how effective they are in satisfying their targets and thus increasing renewable energy adoption. One measurement for effectiveness of policy instruments can be their contribution to the input of the process of renewable energy adoption and their effect on satisfying regional goal. The objective of this research is evaluate the effectiveness of energy policy instruments on increasing the adoption of renewable energy by developing a comprehensive evaluation model. Criteria used in this assessment depend on five perspectives that are perceived by decision makers as important for adoption process. The decision model linked the perspectives to policy targets and various energy policy instruments. These perspectives are: economic, social, political, environmental and technical. The research implemented the hierarchical decision model (HDM) to construct a generalized policy assessment framework. Data for wind energy adoption in the Pacific Northwest region were collected as a case study and application for the model. Experts' qualitative judgments were collected and quantified using the pair-wise comparison method and the final rankings and effectiveness of policy alternatives with respect to the mission were identified. Results of this research identified economic feasibility improvement of renewable energy projects as the most influential perspective and that renewable portfolio standards and tax credits are the two most effective criteria to accomplish that. The research also applied sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis to identify the effect of regional perspectives future priority changes on determining the most effective policy for this perspective. Results showed that renewable portfolio standards and tax credits were found to be the two most effective policies among the alternatives assessed. The research model and outcome can serve as policy check tool in policy making for renewable energy development in any region. Based on the overall research findings, policymakers can apply specific policy instruments to support adoption efforts for any given scenario and regional emphasis.
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Almeida, Adriana Ripka de. "Indicadores energéticos: instrumentos de apoio ao desenvolvimento sustentável." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1606.

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Capes
Os indicadores energéticos são instrumentos de apoio a processos decisórios, sobre energia, e com a crescente discussão sobre desenvolvimento sustentável estes instrumentos passaram a incorporar informações socioambientais, além dos tradicionais fatores econômicos. Sendo assim, na busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável, torna-se relevante conhecer quais são as contribuições e limitações destes instrumentos. Com este fim, o objetivo geral é analisar as contribuições e limitações dos indicadores energéticos como instrumentos de apoio ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Esta pesquisa é classificada como descritiva, utilizando levantamento bibliográfico e documental. Como resultado da análise documental foram selecionados 55 indicadores energéticos para o desenvolvimento sustentável (Energy Indicator Sustainable Development – EISD), sendo estes identificados a partir das instituições International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Helio International e World Energy Council (WEC), dentre 19 instituições ligadas à pesquisa sobre energia identificadas na pesquisa. Durante a análise, percebeu-se que a maioria dos indicadores selecionados, 19 EISDs (34,54%), se concentra na dimensão econômica, seguidos de 10 EISDs (18,18%) na dimensão ambiental, 9 EISDs (16,36%) na dimensão social, 7 EISDs (12,45%) são classificados em resiliência, 4 EISDs (7,27%) em governança, 3 EISDs (5,45%) em vulnerabilidade e 3 EISDs (5,45%) em política. Apesar da inclusão de indicadores ligados a outras dimensões, além da econômica, a qualidade da informação gerada pelos indicadores surge como uma limitação destes, pois, identificou-se que, em casos recorrentes, as informações geradas pelos EISDs podem ser interpretadas tanto de forma a favorecer o desenvolvimento sustentável quanto a levar a ações opostas a este objetivo. Ainda, foram identificados EISDs cujos componentes não foram especificados, o que pode possibilitar a geração de informações afastadas do cenário real, caso sejam utilizados componentes que não possuem relação com o EISD, ou mesmo a não utilização de componentes relevantes. Ainda assim, apesar das limitações, a existência de conjuntos de EISDs para auxiliar os tomadores de decisão é um fato que contribui na busca por desenvolvimento sustentável, e que deve ser aprimorado, pois a disponibilidade de informações envolvendo questões socioambientais, como emissão de poluentes atmosféricos, de solo e de água, resultantes de fontes energética, possibilita identificar quais fontes são mais, ou menos, prejudiciais ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Contudo, a dificuldade na coleta de dados, na identificação dos componentes para o cálculo de cada indicador e mesmo na interpretação deste, como destacado, pode não só deixar de contribuir com o desenvolvimento sustentável, como pode protelar a tomada de decisões corretivas ou preventivas.
Energy indicators are tools to support decision-making on energy. The growing debate on sustainable development, contributed to the energy indicators began to incorporate, besides the traditional economic, social and environmental information. Therefore, taking sustainable development into account, it is important to know contributions and limitations of these tools. The overall goal of this study is to analyze the contributions and limitations of the energy indicators as assets to support sustainable development.This study can be classified as descriptive because it relies on bibliographical and documental material. As a result of documental analysis, 55 energy indicators for sustainable development (EISD) were selected. The selection took place by identification of those indicators through the institutions International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Helio International and World Energy Council (WEC), among 19 institutions involved in research on energy identified in the survey. The study stresses that most of the selected indicators focuses on the economic dimension, 19 EISDs (34.54%), followed by 10 EISDs (18.18%) focused on the environmental dimension, 9 EISDs (16.36%) focused on the social issues, 7 EISDs (12.45%) are classified as resilience, 4 EISDs (7.27%) is about governance, 3 EISDs (5.45%) focused on vulnerability and 3 EISDs (5.45%) is about policy. Despite the inclusion of indicators associated with other dimensions than economy, information provided by those indicators emerges as their own limitation. Because, recently, indicators’ information were used to promote sustainable development as well as the opposite. Additionally, the study identified EISDs whose components were not specified. They may enable generation of information far from the real scenario, if components dissociated EISD would be taking into consideration or even the non-consideration of relevant components. Despite limitations, EISDs assisting decision-makers contributes to the pursuit of sustainable development. But they may be improved through information about environmental issues, such as emission of atmospheric pollutants, soil and water, resulting from energy sources, helps identifying which sources are more or less harmful for sustainable development. However, difficulty in collecting data, identifying the components for calculation of each indicator and even interpretation of this, as analyzed, may not only fail to contribute to sustainable development, as can delay taking corrective or preventive decisions.
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Books on the topic "Instrumental renewal"

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Rudolf, Schäfer. Städtebauliche Erneuerung von Dörfern und Ortsteilen: Qualitative Analyse von Aufgaben und Instrumenten. Bonn-Bad Godesberg: Der Bundesminister, 1989.

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W, Horning Darrell, ed. Digital signal processing with the TMS320C25. New York: Wiley, 1990.

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Fanfani, David, and Claudio Fagarazzi, eds. Territori ad alta energia. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-960-1.

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In recent years the subject of energy planning has come to occupy a role of growing importance, both in relation to the escalating costs, scarcity and impact of energy procurement and consumption and in relation to the increasingly broad future prospects generated by the development of technologies for the exploitation of renewable sources. Within this framework, the development and use of the latter frequently appears to be without benchmarks for integration into the broader picture of territorial planning, and hence of coordination with other human activities and territorial resources. With this in mind, this book aims to compose the elements of a perspective in which energy planning is seen not as an ulterior and separate form of planning, but as an activity integrated within the more general instruments for the government of the territory, and more specifically one that employs the resources of the territory in a sustainable manner also with a view to endogenous local development.
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Lepesant, Gilles. Implementing EU Renewable Energy Policy at the Subnational Level. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802242.003.0028.

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The European Union (EU) has set targets for gradually reducing greenhouse gas emissions through 2050. One of the instruments involved is the 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, which specifies a 20 per cent renewable energy target for the EU by 2020. The chapter reviews tensions and institutional innovations that can arise at local and regional levels within the context of the implementation of this policy. Drawing on empirical evidence collected in two regions, one in a federal country (Brandenburg in Germany), one in a unitary state (Aquitaine in France), the chapter describes the factors that determine community and market acceptance of renewable energies, suggesting that appropriate multi-level governance schemes are instrumental in the successful adoption and implementation of EU priorities at the local level.
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Parker, Leslie. International Law and the Renewable Energy Sector. Edited by Kevin R. Gray, Richard Tarasofsky, and Cinnamon Carlarne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199684601.003.0017.

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This chapter examines key legal instruments and mechanisms relevant to international renewable energy regulation. These play an important role in governing unified action and enhancing collaboration and information-sharing on effective policies and investment frameworks aimed at reducing barriers and risks to investments in renewable energy. The mechanisms that are analysed are the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) Statute, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and related international climate change negotiations and declarations, the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT), and various sector-specific treaties. The chapter also turns its attention to the primary international organizations that influence present and future directions in international renewable energy policy, such as the Nairobi Programme of Action for the Development and Utilization of New and Renewable Sources of Energy, International Energy Agency, Development Banks, and the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership.
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Glazewski, Jan, Lee-Ann Steenkamp, and Peter Kayode Oniemola. Promoting Renewable Energy in African Countries. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819837.003.0013.

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This chapter reviews the development and role of financial mechanisms and fiscal incentives in two African economic powerhouses, South Africa and Nigeria, and the two largest emitters of greenhouse gases on the continent. Inoutlining both countries’ financial and fiscal policy response to promoting renewable energy, the term ‘financial mechanisms or incentives’ refers to macro-economic instruments such as feed-in tariffs; while ‘fiscal incentive’ refers to narrower revenue incentives including disincentives such as a carbon tax. In South Africa, a shift from traditional carbon-based energy sources towards renewables is encouraged by both financial mechanisms and fiscal incentives . In Nigeria, fiscal incentives are promoted by focusing on measures to increase non-oil revenues, primarily through improved tax policy and administration The chapter reveals that while significant strides have been made in both countries to invoke fiscal and financial incentives to promote renewable energy many challenges remain before this ideal becomes a reality.
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Biro, Andrew. Human Nature, Non-human Nature, and Needs. Edited by Teena Gabrielson, Cheryl Hall, John M. Meyer, and David Schlosberg. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199685271.013.19.

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This chapter assesses the relevance of Frankfurt School critical theory for contemporary environmental political theory. Early Frankfurt School thinkers such as Adorno, Horkheimer, and Marcuse developed a critique of instrumental rationality that provides a powerful framework for understanding the domination of nature in modernity, including an inability to articulate and defend human needs. Habermas subsequently attempts to mitigate this totalizing critique, countering instrumental rationality with a focus on communicative rationality. This Habermasian turn both provides new openings and forecloses certain possibilities for environmental political theory; deliberative democracy is emphasized, but with a renewed commitment to anthropocentrism. The chapter then explores whether Habermas’s communicative turn could be “greened,” either through an expansion of the subjects of communicative rationality, or by critically examining the extent to which human beings themselves can articulate their genuine needs.
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Gawel, Erik, Sebastian Strunz, and Paul Lehmann. Support Policies for Renewables: Instrument Choice and Instrument Change from a Public Choice Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802242.003.0005.

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This chapter frames the transition towards clean energies as a sequential process of instrument choice and instrument change. First, regulators decide how to initiate the transition away from fossil energies. Here, support policies for renewable electricity are politically convenient because they face low resistance from fossil energies’ interest groups. In the second stage, regulators need to adapt support policies for renewables to challenges arising along the transition pathway. This theoretical two-stage framework is empirically substantiated by tracing the development of support policies in Germany. Against the backdrop of this analysis, small-step policies that could foster the energy transition process are pointed out.
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Yuliani, Dewi. Is Feed-In-Tariff Policy Effective for Increasing Deployment of Renewable Energy in Indonesia? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802242.003.0008.

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To achieve the targeted portion of renewable energy and to attract more investment in renewable electricity Indonesia’s government has issued several feed-in-tariff regulation, which is policy instrument successfully applied in many countries. This study is an exploratory research to evaluate how the policy works in Indonesia, especially in the field. The study shows that while the policy triggers investment interests, many obstacles are encountered due to imperfections in the feed-in-tariff policy package, and other non-cost factors. Several unanticipated side effects were also identified as consequences of the upturn in investment interest, indicating that transition to cleaner energy is much more challenging for developing countries such as Indonesia.
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Griffith-Jones, Stephany, José Antonio Ocampo, and Paola Arias. Conclusions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827948.003.0013.

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Based on the seven case studies analysed in this volume, this chapter concludes that national development banks (NDBs) have been successful in many cases in supporting innovation and entrepreneurship, key new sectors like renewable energy, and financial inclusion. They have developed new instruments, such as far greater use of guarantees, equity (including venture capital) and debt funds, and new instruments for financial inclusion. The context in which they operate is key to their success. Active countercyclical policies, low inflation, fairly low real interest rates, a well-functioning financial sector, and competitive exchange rates are crucial. They are also more effective if the country has a clear development strategy, linked to production sector strategies that foster innovative sectors. Under these conditions, the chapter argues that there is great need for a larger scale of NDB activity in Latin America and in developing countries in general.
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Book chapters on the topic "Instrumental renewal"

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Huemann, Martina, and Gernot Winkler. "Project Management-Benchmarking: An Instrument of Learning." In Projects as Arenas for Renewal and Learning Processes, 71–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5691-6_7.

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Rauscher, Raymond Charles, and Salim Momtaz. "Planning in New York City: Community Boards and Planning Instruments." In Brooklyn’s Bushwick - Urban Renewal in New York, USA, 63–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05762-0_4.

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Kersting, Norbert, Jana Gasparikova, Angel Iglesias, and Jelizaveta Krenjova. "Local Democratic Renewal by Deliberative Participatory Instruments: Participatory Budgeting in Comparative Study." In Local Public Sector Reforms in Times of Crisis, 317–31. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52548-2_18.

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Peters, Greg. "Monasticism: Instrument of the Holy Spirit in the Renewal of Today’s Church." In The Holy Spirit and the Christian Life, 41–57. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137375995_3.

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Jordan-Korte, Katrin. "Summary and Conclusion: Implications for Renewable Energy Instruments and Markets." In Government Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies, 219–25. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6587-5_7.

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Viswamohanan, Anjali. "Power Purchase Agreements as Instruments of Risk Allocation and Alleviation for Renewable Energy in Asia." In Renewable Energy Transition in Asia, 187–207. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8905-8_9.

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Yi, Z. Y., A. Shrestha, L. Z. Wei, and G. W. Liu. "The Evaluation of Urban Renewal Policies in Shenzhen, China (2009–2016): An Analysis Based on Policy Instruments." In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, 1419–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6190-5_125.

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Bono, Andrea, and Martino Marini. "Renewable power sources in coastal areas. A viability assessment in the scope of needs and regulations." In Proceedings e report, 645–55. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.64.

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The work deals with renewable energy project, in the context of the deregulated energy market. Special attention is focused on renewables and on the situation in Italy from the standards point of view. The set up of a wind farm and a PV plant in coastal Sardinian area for both electricity and desalinated water production is studied. The convenience of fuelling desalination plants through renewables is investigated by taking into account additional on-side trading instruments. A model to simulate the operation wind and PV systems is applied both to calculate the produced energy and to assess the performance of a desalination plant, namely a reverse osmosis plant driven with PV and wind sources that works in a small island site.
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Rogge, Karoline S., and Joachim Schleich. "Exploring the Role of Instrument Design and Instrument Interaction for Eco-Innovation: A Survey-Based Analysis of Renewable Energy Innovation in Germany." In New Developments in Eco-Innovation Research, 233–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93019-0_11.

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Wolff, Peter. "Mapping the Necessary Policy Instruments to Unlock the Potentials of Private Finance for a Modern Renewable Energy Sector." In Financing for Low-carbon Energy Transition, 65–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8582-6_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Instrumental renewal"

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Chandramowli, Shankar N., Frank A. Felder, and Xiaojun G. Shan. "Assessing the Policy Interaction Effect of Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) and Clean Power Plan (CCP) Emissions Goals for States in the U.S. Northeast." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59501.

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With the proposed Clean Power Plan for regulating carbon emissions from the power sector in the U.S, policymakers are likely to use a cost optimization framework to plan for future scenarios and implementation strategies. The modeling framework introduced in this paper would help such policymakers to make the appropriate investment decisions for the power sector. This paper applies an analytical model and an optimization model to investigate the implications of coimplementing an emission cap and a Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) policy for the U.S. Northeast. A simplified analytical model is specified and the first order optimality conditions are derived. The results from the analytical model are verified by running simulations using LP-CEM, a linear programming-based supply cost optimization model. The LP-CEM simulation results are analyzed under the recently proposed Clean Power Plan emissions cap rules and RPS scenarios for the U.S. Northeast region. The marginal abatement cost estimates, derived from a limited set of LP-CEM runs, are analyzed and compared to the theoretical results. For encouraging renewables generation, an RPS instrument is cost-effective at higher policy targets, while an emissions cap instrument is cost-effective at lower policy targets. For CO2 emissions reduction, an emissions cap instrument is found be cost-effective for all policy targets. There is a trade-off between emissions levels and supply costs when the two instruments are co-implemented.
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Shamsuddin, Abd Halim. "Malaysian Biomass Resources: Green Renewable Contribution in the National Energy Mix." In ASME 2010 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2010-27333.

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Being a major agricultural commodity producer in the region Malaysia is well positioned amongst the ASEAN countries to promote the use of biomass as a renewable energy source in the national energy mix. The palm oil industry, the second largest in the world, has over 4 million hectares of plantation. The palm oil milling industry produces large amount of solid residues, the volumes of which for the year 2007 are: empty fruit bunches EFB (16.7 million tonnes), fruit fibres (12.2.million tonnes), and palm kernel shell (4.9 million tonnes). Besides the oil palm milling industry residues, other biomass contributors includes, the timber industry, rice industry and bagasse. These biomass residues, if fully utilized as fuel for power generation, would have the potential of annual generation of 31,900 GWh, with maximum generating capacity of 3,600 MW. Under the National Energy Policy set in 1979, three principal energy objectives, which are instrumental in guiding the future energy sector development, were established. These are Supply, Utilization and Environmental Objectives. In 2001, the beginning of the Eighth Malaysian Plan, Renewable Energy (RE) was regarded as the fifth fuel in the new Five Fuel Strategy in the energy supply mix. The target is that RE contributes 5% of the country’s electricity demand by the year 2005. Malaysia’s Five Fuel Diversification Policy provides the renewable energy policy guidance while the current grid-based small renewable energy programmes (SREP) and the renewable energy power purchase agreement (REPPA), embodies the national renewable energy strategy. To reinforce these policy instruments, the Malaysian Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water launched the National Green Technology Policy in the middle of 2009 that include Green Energy Technology. This paper presents the overall scenario of the Malaysia’s biomass resources, the status of biomass contribution to the nation’s energy mix, the challenges faced by the biomass promoters, and future research and development activities in developing optimized and efficient technologies at the Centre for Renewable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional.
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Giertliova, Blanka. "POLICY INSTRUMENTS FOR SUPPORTING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN SLOVAK REPUBLIC." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION AND LEGISLATION. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b53/s21.042.

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Harabut, Chattaporn. "Legal and policy instruments to facilitate development for renewable energy." In 2015 5th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iyce.2015.7180764.

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Stojanović, Dragica. "GREEN BONDS AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR FINANCING RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.111.

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The paper analyses green bonds as sources of financing renewable energy projects. Green bonds are a relatively new form of financing and thanks to increased investors’ climate awareness, the market has seen an enormous growth in the last few years. Therefore, the guidelines and standards adopted in financial markets clearly indicate what should be considered a green investment and are a key to further development of the market and achieving the goals of green financing. The goal of the theoretical approach to green bond market in the paper is to identify the key barriers that prevent many countries from taking advantage of this new but growing source of financing renewable energy. The lack of appropriate institutional arrangements for managing green bonds, issuing a minimum volume and high transaction costs are the key obstacles to the development of green bond market. The overall conclusion of the paper is that with just the right measures, many countries could make full use of green bonds to finance climate change adaptation and mitigation projects and thus increase renewable energy capacities.
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Said Salim, A., S. Velusamy, and A. Nachiappan. "Renewable power source weather station." In International Conference on Marine Engineering and Technology Oman. London: IMarEST, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/icmet.oman.2019.027.

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Due to the huge significance of climatic changes in various fields, weather forecasting and monitoring play a big role in the day to day life. These atmospheric changes like temperature, pressure, and humidity are critical elements to be checked regularly as they can help to either plan activities like agriculture, the likelihood of rain, or they can warn and protect human life from the serious issues that can happen including floods and extreme heat. There are numerous instruments and online applications that can monitor and give weather forecasting information, yet these methods do not provide accurate weather readings at a local area but instead, they give readings of the nearby station where they receive the information. This paper gives an outstanding solution of monitoring weather conditions accurately at a local area, by utilization of electronic sensors and equipment like DHT11 [3] for sensing of the data and display those on the LCD screen.
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Hamilton, Leonard J., Sherry A. Williams, Richard A. Kamin, Matthew A. Carr, Patrick A. Caton, and Jim S. Cowart. "Renewable Fuel Performance in a Legacy Military Diesel Engine." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54101.

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A new Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) from the camelina plant has been processed into a Hydrotreated Renewable Jet (HRJ) fuel. This HRJ fuel was tested in an extensively instrumented legacy military diesel engine along with conventional Navy jet fuel JP-5. Both fuels performed well across the speed-load range of this HMMWV engine. The high cetane value of the HRJ leads to modestly shorter ignition delay. The longer ignition delay of JP-5 delivers shorter overall combustion durations, with associated higher indicated engine torque levels. Both brake torque and brake fuel consumption are better with conventional JP-5 by up to ten percent, due to more ideal combustion characteristics.
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Rose, Jerry G. "Rehabilitation Techniques to Improve Long-Term Performances of Highway-Railway At-Grade Crossings." In 2011 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2011-56015.

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The primary purpose of the highway-railway at-grade crossing is to provide a smooth surface for the safe passage of rubber-tired vehicles across the railroad. The crossing support and surface in the jointly used area represent a significantly expensive unit cost of the highway and railway line. The ideal highway crossing will maintain a smooth surface and stable trackbed for a long period of time. This will reduce costly, frequent disruptions to highway and railway traffic (to adjust the track or renew the surface due to rideability concerns), while concurrently providing improved operating performance and long life. Technology is available for rapidly renewing highway crossings within one day using a panel system with specifically designed layered support and premium materials. The procedure involves complete removal of the old crossing panel and trackbed materials — and replacing them with an asphalt underlayment layer, a pre-compacted ballast layer, a new track panel, and a new crossing surface. A cooperative effort between the local highway agency and the railway company will reduce costs, improve the quality of the finished product, and reduce outage of the highway and railroad. A major objective is to minimize disruption to both highway and railway traffic during the renewal process in addition to extending the life of the crossing. Suggested procedures, based on experiences for several installations, are presented. Typical schedules are for the railroad to be to be out-of-service for a maximum of four hours and for the highway to be closed only eight to twelve hours. Results are presented for crossings instrumented with pressure cells to document Pressure levels within the layered portion of the crossing structure. In addition, long-term Settlement measurements and assessments for several crossings are documented. The measurements indicate significantly reduced long-term settlements of crossings incorporating the rapid-renewal, layered system, while maintaining acceptable smoothness levels. These long-term performance evaluations indicate this practice ensures long-life, economical, smooth crossings for improved safety and operating performances for both highway agencies and railway companies.
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Tamba, Masaaki, and Takashi Nakakuki. "Renewable implementation of rational biomolecular systems design." In 2020 59th Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan (SICE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/sice48898.2020.9240329.

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Caton, Patrick A., Sherry A. Williams, Richard A. Kamin, Dianne Luning-Prak, Leonard J. Hamilton, and Jim S. Cowart. "Hydrotreated Algae Renewable Fuel Performance in a Military Diesel Engine." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2012-81048.

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A vegetable oil from algae has been processed into a Hydrotreated Renewable Diesel (HRD) fuel. This HRD fuel was tested in an extensively instrumented legacy military diesel engine along with conventional Navy diesel fuel. Both fuels performed well across the speed-load range of this HMMWV engine. The high cetane value of the HRD (77 v. 43) leads to significantly shorter ignition delays with associated longer combustion durations and modestly lower peak cylinder pressures as compared to diesel fuel operation. Both brake torque and brake fuel consumption are better (5–10%) with HRD due to the cumulative IMEP effect with moderatly longer combustion durations. Carbon dioxide emmisions are considerably lower with HRD due to the improved engine efficiency as well the more advantageous hydrogen-carbon ratio of this HRD fuel.
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Reports on the topic "Instrumental renewal"

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Fritz, Brugger, Bezzola Selina, Hochet Peter, and Salavessa João. Public monitoring of the economic, social and environmental effect of industrial mining. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_r4d.2020.2.en.

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The transition to renewable energy and a digital economy increases the demand for minerals. The development impact of resource extraction is the green economy’s Achilles heel. The Resource Impact Dashboard (RID) is an evidence-based policy instrument to encourage constructive dialogue between stakeholders about concerns related to economic, social, environmental and institutional outcomes of industrial mining. Results from the pilot-phase corroborate the necessity and the promises of public monitoring and deliberation.
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Abotah, Remal. Evaluation of Energy Policy Instruments for the Adoption of Renewable Energy: Case of Wind Energy in the Pacific Northwest U.S. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2126.

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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.
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