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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Instrumentation (Physics)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Hidvégi, Attila. "FPGA-based Instrumentation for Advanced Physics Experiments." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-64506.

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Modern physical experiments often demand advanced instrumentation based on advances in technology. This work describes four instrumentation physics projects that are based on modern, high-capacity Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, making use of their versatility, programmability, high bandwidth communication interfaces and signal processing capabilities. In the first project, a jet-finding algorithm for the ATLAS detector at the LHC experiment at CERN was developed and implemented, and different verification methods were created to validate the functionality and reliability. The experiment uses

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2

Marcks, von Würtemberg Klas. "Instrumentation development for physics with antiproton beams." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-94925.

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This thesis summarises work done in the preparation for the PANDA (antiproton ANnihilations at DArmstadt) experiment, that will be built at the HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) at FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) and for the PAX (Polarised Antiproton eXperiment) experiment proposed for the HESR. For PANDA, characteristics of the electromagnetic calorimeter have been measured at the tagged photon beam facility at the MAX IV laboratory for 61 photon energies in the range 12-63 MeV. The tested detector array consisted of 5×5 PbWO4 (lead tungstate) crystals designed for the forward e

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3

Dekoulis, George. "Novel digital systems designs for space physics instrumentation." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/6765/.

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This thesis presents the development of two novel Space Plasma Physics instruments. The few costly space weather missions (SOHO, CHAMP etc.) are justified on the qualitative basis of technological capabilities, such as high-resolution magnetometry, UV, X-ray and stray light imaging power etc. Space weather can also be studied from ground. The demands for ground measurements have increased significantly over the recent years (e.g. THEMIS field-of-view is enhanced by ground instruments). Costs associated with cleanroom procedures, space qualification, launch and operation are avoided. Low-cost g

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4

Zhang, Qi. "Integrating experimentation and instrumentation in upper-division physics." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1694.

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5

Hartley, James Henry Dean. "Sample introduction and instrumentation in plasma spectrometry." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1882.

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6

Zheng, Haoxuan Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "21 cm cosmology with optimized instrumentation and algorithms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104536.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 213-236).<br>Precision cosmology has made tremendous progress in the past two decades thanks to a large amount of high quality data from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), galaxy surveys and other cosmological probes. However, most of our universe's volume, corresponding to the period between the CMB and when the first stars formed, remains unexplored. Since there were no luminous objects during that period, it is called

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7

McBride, Keith William. "Cosmic Ray Instrumentation and Simulations." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1620666030783043.

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8

Carney, Rebecca. "Instrumentation for silicon tracking at the HL-LHC." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144216.

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In 2027 the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will enter a high luminosity phase, deliver- ing 3000 fb 1 over the course of ten years. The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will increase the instantaneous luminosity delivered by a factor of 5 compared to the current operation pe- riod. This will impose significant technical challenges on all aspects of the ATLAS detector but particularly the Inner Detector, trigger, and data acquisition systems. In addition, many of the components of the Inner Detector are reaching the end of their designed lifetime and will need to be exchanged. As such, the Inn

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9

McIntosh, James Alexander. "Implementation of an ASIC for detector instrumentation in nuclear physics applications." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1781.

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A prototype ASIC (EFT1) for silicon strip detector instrumentation has been designed and tested. The ASIC design contains the electronics necessary for preamplification, shaping, hit detection, and data readout control. The specific ation of the ASIC makes it suitable for charged particle spectroscopy applications with the implementation of multiple channels on a single chip reducing the cost compared to expensive discrete instrumentation. The ASIC contains features which have not been implemented before, or are at least unusual, on integrated instrumentation such as the ability to select two

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10

Strachan, John Paul 1978. "Instrumentation and algorithms for electrostatic inverse problems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/18015.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and, (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 89).<br>This thesis describes tracking objects with low-level electric fields. A physical model is presented that describes the important interactions and the required mathematical inversions. Sophisticated hardware used to perform the measurements is described in detail. Finally, a discussion of the myriad applications for electric field sensing is described. The m

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11

Adey, David. "Beam instrumentation and investigations into muon cooling at MICE." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/49860/.

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The Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) aims to make a proof of principle measurement of ionisation cooling of muon beams for use in a future neutrino factory or muon collider. To complete this measurement, two precision scintillating fibre spectrometers have been constructed, for which data acquisition systems and calibration procedures have been developed. In addition, reconstruction algorithms have been written and the performance of the detectors tested with cosmic rays. To explore the behaviour of the MICE cooling channel under various conditions associated with the beam emittance a

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12

Dixon, George. "The mechanical stability of instrumentation for gravitational wave detection." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1770/.

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This thesis opens with a brief review of the aspects of gravitational waves which are relevant for detector design and engineering, and an introduction to the LISA and LISA Pathfinder missions. The thesis describes original work carried out to support the LISA Pathfinder mission at the University of Birmingham. The salient space mission quality requirements and mission specific technical and documentation requirements are set out. The classical and computer based mechanical analysis, birefringence optical inspections, and linear elastic fracture mechanics and fracture control engineering which

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13

Sosa, Alejandro. "Development of beam instrumentation for exotic particle beams." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2038259/.

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Modern nuclear physics makes extensive use of exotic particle beams created using accelerators, such as unstable ion isotopes and antiprotons. These give access to a wide range of fundamental studies that are at the cutting edge of science. The commissioning and operation of these accelerators require powerful beam diagnostic devices that are specially adapted to these unusual, and often very faint, beams. The work leading to this thesis, focuses on the development of the beam diagnostic system of the future superconducting linear accelerator at the High Intensity and Energy Isotope Separator

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14

Stollberg, Heide. "Compact Soft X-Ray Microscopy: Image Processing and Instrumentation." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4128.

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15

Al-Samarrie, A. K. "The application of thin film and microwave technology in instrumentation." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334054.

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16

McCalden, Alec John. "User interfaces in space science instrumentation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/14194/.

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This thesis examines user interaction with instrumentation in the specific context of space science. It gathers together existing practice in machine interfaces with a look at potential future usage and recommends a new approach to space science projects with the intention of maximising their science return. It first takes a historical perspective on user interfaces and ways of defining and measuring the science return of a space instrument. Choices of research methodology are considered. Implementation details such as the concepts of usability, mental models, affordance and presentation of in

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17

Rust, Thomas Ludwell. "Explosive Events in the Quiet Sun| Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectroscopy Instrumentation and Observations." Thesis, Montana State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10607188.

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<p> Explosive event is the name given to slit spectrograph observations of high spectroscopic velocities in solar transition region spectral lines. Explosive events show much variety that cannot yet be explained by a single theory. It is commonly believed that explosive events are powered by magnetic reconnection. The evolution of the line core appears to be an important indicator of which particular reconnection process is at work.</p><p> The <i>Multi-Order Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrograph (MOSES) </i> is a novel slitless spectrograph designed for imaging spectroscopy of solar extreme

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18

Visser, Jason Willem. "Temperature control instrumentation for scanning tunnelling microscopy." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1232.

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19

Normand, Stéphane. "INSTRUMENTATION NUCLEAIRE POUR LES SYSTEMES INDUSTRIELS DE MESURE." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Caen, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674895.

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Ce travail présente les avancées en instrumentation nucléaire pour les domaines liées à l'industrie du cycle du combustible, à l'industrie des systèmes électrogènes nucléaires et aux domaines de la sécurité du travailleur (dosimétrie) mais aussi de la sécurité dans le cadre du "homeland security act"1. Dans une première partie, les aspects r'eacteurs sont abord'es, plus particuli'erement l'instrumentation dite in-core, à base de chambre à fission. Le mode de fonctionnement dit "fluctuation" ou Campbell est largement abordé. Les progrès concernant la maintenance prédictive des systèmes de mesur

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20

Debnath, Sree Bash Chandra. "New generation X-ray detector for radiation therapy and instrumentation for surface physics." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0252.

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Le traitement moderne par radiothérapie est motivé par la demande constante d'un détecteur dosimétrique approprié. Plus récemment, seuls quelques détecteurs se sont montrés prometteurs dans ce sens, mais ils présentent plusieurs obstacles lors de leur mise en œuvre, tant pour les applications à forte dose de rayonnement que pour celles à faible dose. Les dosimètres à rayons X développés industriellement sont encore limités par l'exigence de taille importante, l'effet de moyennage de volume, le manque de sensibilité et le faible rapport signal/bruit, etc. Dans ce contexte, ce travail de thèse e

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21

Matherson, Kevin James. "Design, development, and analysis of semiconductor-based instrumentation for nuclear medicine." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280432.

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Nuclear medicine imaging using a gamma camera is a sensitive tool for mapping various physiological and biological processes in vivo. In some respects, the instrumentation for gamma-ray imaging is highly developed. Nevertheless, current technology in nuclear medicine has some significant limitations in the area of spatial resolution. Scintillator-based imaging systems most likely have reached their limits of spatial resolution. Achieving higher spatial resolution will require the use of semiconductor detectors. The first part and major focus of this dissertation is the development of a prototy

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22

Devanz, Guillaume. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de la dynamique du faisceau du photoinjecteur CANDELA et instrumentation associée." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006568.

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23

Mielot, C. "Etude d'une cavité accélératrice supraconductrice de type spoke et de son coupleur de puissance associé." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00023906.

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Cette thèse cofinancée par le CNRS et Framatome a porté sur l'étude d'une cavité supraconductrice de type spoke et de son coupleur de puissance associé. Les résultats ont été utilisés dans le cadre du 5ème PCRD et notamment pour l'accélérateur linéaire de protons de forte intensité(6mA) du projet de réacteur hybride XADS. La cavité (F=352MHz, BETA=0.35) a été testée à 4K et 2K. Ses performances à 4K donnent des marges confortables par rapport au cahier des charges XADS, ce qui est utile pour la fiabilité de l'installation. A 2K le champ accélérateur maximum est de 16MV/M ce qui est une référen

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24

McMillan, John Eric. "Nuclear instrumentation for a superheavy-element search and for cosmic-ray studies." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237079.

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25

Chang, Huai-Ning. "Electrostatic Feedback for Mems Sensor : Development of in situ TEM instrumentation." Thesis, Linköping University, The Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11649.

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<p>This thesis work is about further developing an existing capacitive MEMS sensor for in situ TEM nanoindentation developed by Nanofactory Instrument AB. Today, this sensor uses a parallel plate capacitor suspended by springs to measure the applied force. The forces are in the micro Newton range. One major issue using with this measurement technique is that the tip mounted on one of the sensor plates can move out of the TEM image when a force is applied. In order to improve the measurement technique electrostatic feedback has been investigated. The sensor’s electrostatic properties have been

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26

McHattie, Samuel Alexander. "Seismic Response of the UC Physics Building in the Canterbury Earthquakes." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil and Natural Resource Engineering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8801.

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The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the seismic response of the UC Physics Building based on recorded ground motions during the Canterbury earthquakes, and to use the recorded response to evaluate the efficacy of various conventional structural analysis modelling assumptions. The recorded instrument data is examined and analysed to determine how the UC Physics Building performed during the earthquake-induced ground motions. Ten of the largest earthquake events from the 2010-11 Canterbury earthquake sequence are selected in order to understand the seismic response under various levels of

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27

Takman, Per. "Compact Soft X-Ray Microscopy : Sources, Optics and Instrumentation." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Tillämpad fysik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4342.

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28

Andersson, Sundén Erik. "Neutron Spectrometry Techniques for Fusion Plasmas : Instrumentation and Performance." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121615.

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Neutron are emitted from a deuterium plasma with energies around 2.5 MeV. The neutron spectrum is intimately related to the ion velocity distribution of the plasma. As a consequence, the analysis of neutron energy spectra can give information of the plasma rotation, the ion temperature, heating efficiency and fusion power. The upgraded magnetic proton recoil spectrometer (MPRu), based on the thin-foil technique, is installed at the tokamak JET. The upgrade of the spectrometer was done to allow for measurements of deuterium plasmas. This thesis describes the hardware, the data reduction scheme

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29

Dinu, N. "Instrumentation on silicon detectors: from properties characterization to applications." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00872318.

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L'utilisation optimale, dans des applications spécifiques, des Détecteurs Silicium nécessite une connaissance approfondie des phénomènes physiques sous-jacents. Dans ce mémoire, cette idée conductrice est appliquée à deux types de détecteurs : (1) les SiPM et leurs applications en imagerie médicale (2) les détecteurs à pixels planaires (PPS) et leurs applications dans la mise-à-jour du détecteur interne d'ATLAS pour le LHC à haute luminosité. Mon travail personnel sur les SiPM a débuté il y a environ 10 ans. Ainsi la partie (A) de mon HDR rappelle tout d'abord le principe physique de la photod

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30

Marlowe, Hannah Rebecca. "Polarimetric and spectrographic instrumentation to enable next generation x-ray observatories." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3136.

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Ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) sources are non-nuclear extragalactic accreting compact objects whose X-ray luminosities exceed the Eddington limit for stellar mass black hole binaries (BHB). Their high luminosities suggest they are either intermediate mass black holes, that their emission is beamed, or that they are emitting at super-Eddington rates. We observed the ULX IC 342 X-1 simultaneously in X-ray and radio with Chandra and the VLA to investigate previously reported unresolved radio emission coincident with the ULX. The Chandra spectrum appears to be consistent with an accretion disc-dominat

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31

Klein, Justin Shaun. "Cerenkov Luminescence for Imaging and Therapy| Quantitative Investigation of Clinical Applications and New Instrumentation." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10606959.

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<p> Cerenkov luminescence (CL) is optical radiation induced by fast, charged, particles. In the biomedical setting, it is produced by all PET radionuclides and by radiotherapy beams.</p><p> The work presented in this dissertation, spanning some five years, has sought to both investigate the utility of Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) in the biomedical setting and to push the boundaries by inventing ultrasound-modulated Cerenkov luminescence imaging (USCLI), a modality that potentially mitigates the scattering limit of resolution for CLI. </p><p> Clinical applications of CLI have focused

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32

Karnick, Djorn [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Weber. "High-speed optical data transmission for detector instrumentation in particle physics / Djorn Karnick ; Betreuer: M. Weber." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1206646950/34.

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Macchione, Eduardo Luiz Augusto. "Espectrômetro de Massa por Tempo de Vôo para Análise de Macromoléculas." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-04122013-145919/.

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Um espectrômetro de massa por tempo de vôo foi projetado e construído. A técnica de Plasma Desorption é empregada para provocar a dessorção e ionização das moléculas da amostra por colisões com os produtos de fissão emitidos de uma fonte radioativa de ANTPOT.252 Cf. O espectrômetro encontra-se instalado no interior de uma câmara de vácuo, que permite a sua operação a pressões da ordem de 10 POT.-7 torr. Uma pré-câmara é utilizada para a manipulação e troca de até três amostras simultaneamente, sem a necessidade da abertura da câmara principal para a atmosfera, reduzindo o tempo de recuperação

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Kaeppler, Stephen Roland. "A rocket-borne investigation of auroral electrodynamics within the auroral-ionosphere." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2535.

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This dissertation focuses on data analyzed from the Auroral Current and Electrodynamics Structure (ACES) sounding rocket mission. ACES consisted of two payloads launched nearly simultaneously in 2009 into a dynamic multiple-arc aurora. The mission was designed to observe the three-dimensional current system of an auroral arc system. To constrain the spatial-temporal ambiguity, the payloads were flown along nearly conjugate magnetic field footpoints, at various altitudes with small temporal separation. The high altitude pay

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35

Attanayake, Harsha. "Transport properties of 40% La filled skutterudite thin films theory and instrumentation /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1209739396.

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36

Pirard, Benoît. "Etude et validation d'un spectromètre gamma pour la mesure de la composition chimique des surfaces planétaires. Application à une mission vers Mercure." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136703.

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Ces travaux de thèse traitent de l'étude et de la validation d'un spectromètre gamma pour la mesure de la composition chimique des surfaces planétaires et ont été appliqués à la préparation d'une mission vers la planète Mercure. Ils ont permis de caractériser les performances d'un concept d'instrument basé sur un cristal de germanium ultra-pur (HPGe) refroidi activement à température cryogénique. Deux aspects critiques ont été particulièrement étudiés en liaison avec l'environnement extrême rencontré dans le Système Solaire interne. D'abord une caractérisation expérimentale et numérique des do

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37

Andersson, Magnus. "Construction of force measuring optical tweezers instrumentation and investigations of biophysical properties of bacterial adhesion organelles." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Physics, Umeå Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1425.

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Silva, Denilton Machado da. "A prática da astronomia em aulas no formato de oficinas e suas aplicações na modalidade de ensino EAD /." Presidente Prudente, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149985.

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Orientador: Cláudio Luiz Carvalho<br>Banca: Fernanda Catia Bozelli<br>Banca: Hermes Adolfo de Aquino<br>Resumo: De acordo com pesquisas em ensino de ciências, nos últimos tempos, os alunos de forma geral, não compreendem e não desenvolvem as tarefas sobre os conceitos básicos de ciências, como por exemplo, relacionar um tema de Física com os acontecimentos rotineiros do dia a dia, assim como relacioná-lo com a Química ou Geografia. Uma possível hipótese está no fato de que o ambiente escolar frequentado pelos alunos, atualmente, está desconexo com os interesses e curiosidades que eles possuem

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Courtine, F. "Etalonnage d'un spectromètre gamma en vue de la mesure de la radioactivité naturelle. Mesures expérimentales et modélisation par techniques de Monte-Carlo." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00147301.

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La thèse s'est déroulée dans le contexte de la datation par thermoluminescence. Cette méthode nécessite la mesure en laboratoire de la radioactivité naturelle. Pour cela, nous utilisons un spectromètre au germanium. Pour affiner l'étalonnage de celui-ci, nous l'avons modélisé en utilisant un code de calcul Monte-Carlo : Geant4. Nous avons développé un modèle géométrique qui prend en compte la présence de zones inactives et de défauts de collection de charges dans le cristal de germanium. Les paramètres du modèle ont été ajustés par comparaison avec des résultats expérimentaux obtenus avec une

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40

Boholm, Kylesten Karl-Fredrik. "Numerical methods for design of the transfer line of the ESSnuSB project : Independent Project in Engineering Physics." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, FREIA, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385675.

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ESS neutrino Super Beam (ESSnuSB) is a project that aim to create ahigh energy beam of neutrinos and anti-neutrinos to study thephenomenon neutrino oscillation and learn more about symmetryviolations in quantum mechanics. To create the neutrino beam, negativeHydrogen ions must be transported from the ESS linear accelerator at2.5 GeV, to a proton accumulation ring. This is done through a transferline, that shall direct the ion beam while preserve the beam as much aspossible. In thisproject, there was an attempt at finding a design for this transferline. Preferably, the line consists of a long m

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Oreborn, Ulf. "IR spectroscopy for vibrational modes : A semi-classical approach based on classical electrodynamicsand modern quantum mechanics." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för fysik och elektroteknik (IFE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78144.

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The atoms of a molecule are always restless and are constantly moving in one way or another.Apart from rotations and translations, they may vibrate in many different modes. They may moveradially toward or from each other, so called stretching. This can be done symmetrically or asymmetrically.The angels between a pair of atoms may change seen from a common atom, so calledbending. This may be done in a common plane like scissoring or rocking, or out of plane like waggingor twisting.Anyhow, it is of interest to study these movements — since they work as a fingerprint of themolecule. Two methods f

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Broekhuijsen, Sjoerd. "11B4C containing Ni/Ti neutron multilayer mirrors." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tunnfilmsfysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-174637.

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The work in this thesis covers the design, growth and characterisation of neutron multilayers. The performance of these multilayers is highly dependent on the obtained interface width between the layers, even a modest improvement can offer a substantial increase in reflectivity performance. As multilayers are such an integral component of many neutron optical instruments, any improvement in terms of reflectivity performance has broad implications for all neutron scattering experiments. This project has been carried out with the construction of the European Spallation Source (ESS) in mind, but

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Aðalsteinsson, Sigurbjörn Már. "A study of the photochromic effect in oxygen containing rare-earth metal hydride thin films and multilayer structures." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418111.

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In this work, we have studied the photochromic response of several oxygen containing rare-earth hydride thin films (REHO, RE = Y, Nd, Gd, and Dy). Their chemical composition was characterized by an iterative multi-method approach based on ion beams, while the photochromic effect was measured by means of optical spectrometry. We report photochromic responses for YHO, NdHO, GdHO and DyHO of several thicknesses but averaged chemical compositions described by the formula REH2-δOδ; in the range of 0.45 < δ < 1.5 (δ being the [O]/[RE] ratio). Possible side-effects of the ambient conditions on

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Ekman, Johannes. "Beam-Beam Simuleringar genomatt Använda Avbildningar för Andra Momentet av Strålningsspridningar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, FREIA, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325488.

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Kolliderare är en typ av partikelaccelerator som används till att kollidera subatomiska partiklar och är viktiga för utförandet av experiment i partikel- och kärnfysik. Laddade partiklar accelereras och hålls i separata omloppsbanor med dipol- och kvadrupolmagneter, och deras banor korsar varandra minst en gång. De laddade partiklar som åker i en omloppsbana kan generaliseras till en laddad partikelstråle. Dessa strålar propagerar åt motsatta håll, och när dessa kolliderar rakt in i varandra, är laddningarna så tätt fördelade att dess elektriska fält påverkar partiklarna i den motgående stråle

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Waagaard, Elias. "Developing a Resonance Correction Scheme in the LHC." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, FREIA, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-451963.

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Non-linear errors in the magnetic field of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN often lead to undesirable resonances and instabilities in the particle motion, which can negatively affect the operations of the accelerator. This project focuses on developing a new correction scheme with a response matrix approach to optimize the values of the skew sextupolar correctors of the LHC at injection, in order to mitigate the impact of resonance driving terms (RDTs). So far, no correction has been introduced to actively compensate these RDTs. In particular, we investigate the RDTs related to the 3Qy

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Juramy, Claire. "Métrologie des supernovae de type Ia pour la cosmologie : instrumentation et analyse calorimétrique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00592266.

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L'utilisation des supernovae de type Ia comme indicateurs de distance est un pilier du modèle de concordance actuel en cosmologie. Le travail d'instrumentation présenté dans la première partie a été réalisé dans le cadre d'un projet utilisant ces objets, le satellite SNAP, qui nécessite la spatialisation d'un grand plan focal comportant des détecteurs CCD pour le visible et APS pour l'infra-rouge. Pour tester la lecture de ces détecteurs à très bas bruit, nous avons construit deux bancs de test cryogéniques et étudié en détail un ASIC analogique. La deuxième partie est l'analyse de données exi

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Guerin, F. "Sonde muonique et instrumentation associée pour l'étude du plasma de quarks et de gluons dans l'expérience ALICE." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132781.

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ALICE est le détecteur du LHC dédié à l'étude des collisions d'ions lourds ultra-relativistes. Le principal objectif de cette expérience est la mise en évidence et l'étude d'une nouvelle phase de la matière nucléaire prédite par la théorie de la chromodynamique quantique (QCD) : le Plasma de Quarks et de Gluons (PQG). Une des signatures possibles est la suppression des taux de production des quarkonia par écrantage de couleur dans les collisions d'ions lourds, dans lesquelles la formation d'un plasma est attendue. Le spectromètre à muons permettra de mesurer les taux de production des quarkoni

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Wittje, Roland. "Acoustics, atom smashing and amateur radio : physics and instrumentation at the Norwegian Institute ofTechnology in the interwar period." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1587.

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Cipriani, Fabrice. "La couronne neutre suprathermique de Mars :Modélisation et étude d'une instrumentation pour sa mesure In Situ." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00141140.

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La couronne de Mars est la partie extrêmement tenue son atmosphère située au-delà de 200km d'altitude. A l'interface entre le vent solaire et la haute atmosphère, cette région conditionne la perte de matière à l'échelle globale et sur des périodes géologiques. Ce travail de thèse concerne la modélisation de la formation de la couronne de particules neutres suprathermiques, d'une part, et d'autre part, l'étude expérimentale et la modélisation d'un dispositif de caractérisation de ses composés. Les particules de la couronne sont crées par recombinaison dissociative des ions O2+ et CO+, et par cr

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Taillade, Frédéric. "Contribution à la détection " d'objets cachés " : vision à travers les milieux diffusants, contrôles non destructifs des structures." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658679.

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Ce document décrit une partie de mes travaux de recherche effectué entre 2002 et 2010 au Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées dans les domaines de la sécurité routière et des ouvrages d'art. Le premier domaine concerne la vision à travers les milieux diffusants. L'objectif est de proposer des dispositifs de surveillance du réseau routier ou d'aide à la conduite en situations météorologiques dégradées (pluie, neige, brouillard, fumée, etc.). Je présente les phénomènes physiques limitant la vision dans le brouillard et des dispositifs permettant de répondre à cette problématique. Le second

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