Relevant bibliographies by topics / Instruments of measurement

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Instruments of measurement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Instruments of measurement"

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Law, Mary. "Measurement in Occupational Therapy: Scientific Criteria for Evaluation." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 54, no. 3 (June 1987): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841748705400308.

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Measurement Instruments are used by occupational therapists to describe patients, predict recovery and evaluate immediate treatment effect within their clinical practice. An instrument's development and methodological properties are guided by the purpose of the instrument. In this paper, criteria are proposed for evaluating the utility of measurement tools used by occupational therapists. These criteria are discussed within the framework of the intended use of the instrument. The criteria include the instrument's purpose, clinical utility, construction and scaling, standardization, reliability, validity and responsiveness. An algorithm to guide therapists' appraisal of measurement instruments is included.
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Rodgers, James, Jimmy Zumba, and Chanel Fortier. "Measurement comparison of cotton fiber micronaire and its components by portable near infrared spectroscopy instruments." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 1 (July 21, 2016): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517515622153.

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Micronaire is a key cotton fiber quality assessment property, and changes in fiber micronaire can impact fiber processing and dyeing consistency. Micronaire is a function of two fiber components—maturity and fineness. Historically, micronaire is measured in a laboratory under tightly controlled environmental conditions. There is increased interest by the cotton and textile industry to measure key fiber properties both in the laboratory and in-field (non-controlled conditions), using small portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy instruments. A program was implemented to determine the feasibility of using portable NIR instruments to monitor fiber micronaire, maturity, and fineness. Prior to outside the laboratory measurements (field, warehouse, etc.), laboratory feasibility was performed to assess the NIR instruments’ capabilities. Comparative evaluations for fiber micronaire, maturity, and fineness were performed on three portable NIR instruments. Instrumental, sampling, and operational procedures and protocols for each instrument were established. Although representing different measurement technologies, very good spectral agreement was observed between the portable NIR instruments and a bench-top NIR unit used as a comparison. Rapid (less than 3 minutes per sample), easy to use, and accurate measurements of fiber micronaire and maturity were achieved, with regressions ( R values) greater than 0.85, low residuals, and a low number of outliers observed for each NIR instrument. Improvements are required for the accurate measurement of fiber fineness by portable NIR instruments. Thus, for well-defined cotton fiber samples, the universal nature of the NIR measurement of cotton fiber micronaire and maturity by portable NIR instruments was validated.
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Haller, Karen B. "Selecting Measurement Instruments." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 11, no. 6 (November 1986): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-198611000-00025.

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Somerscales, Eaun F. C. "Instruments and experiences: Papers on measurement and instrument design." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 5, no. 2 (March 1992): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(92)90011-s.

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Horbach, Sophie E. R., Amber P. M. Rongen, Roy G. Elbers, Chantal M. A. M. van der Horst, Cecilia A. C. Prinsen, and Phyllis I. Spuls. "Outcome measurement instruments for peripheral vascular malformations and an assessment of the measurement properties: a systematic review." Quality of Life Research 29, no. 1 (September 23, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02301-x.

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Abstract Purpose The Outcome measures for vascular malformation (OVAMA) group reached consensus on the core outcome domains for the core outcome set (COS) for peripheral vascular malformations (venous, lymphatic and arteriovenous malformations). However, it is unclear which instruments should be used to measure these domains. Therefore, our aims were to identify all outcome measurement instruments available for vascular malformations, and to evaluate their measurement properties. Methods With the first literature search, we identified outcomes and instruments previously used in prospective studies on vascular malformations. A second search yielded studies on measurement properties of patient- and physician-reported instruments that were either developed for vascular malformations, or used in prospective studies. If the latter instruments were not specifically validated for vascular malformations, we performed a third search for studies on measurement properties in clinically similar diseases (vascular or lymphatic diseases and benign tumors). We assessed the methodological quality of these studies following the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments methodology, and evaluated the quality of the measurement properties. Results The first search yielded 27 studies, none using disease-specific instruments. The second and third search included 22 development and/or validation studies, concerning six instruments. Only the Lymphatic Malformation Function Instrument was developed specifically for vascular malformations. Other instruments were generic QoL instruments developed and/or partly validated for clinically similar diseases. Conclusions Additional research on measurement properties is needed to assess which instruments may be included in the COS. This review informs the instrument selection and/or the development of new instruments. Systematic review registration PROSPERO, 42017056242.
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Greenbaum, Howard H., Ira T. Kaplan, and Regina Damiano. "Organizational Group Measurement Instruments." Management Communication Quarterly 5, no. 1 (August 1991): 126–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0893318991005001008.

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C. McDonald, J. "Editorial - Radiation detection instruments and radiation measurement instruments." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 106, no. 1 (August 1, 2003): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006334.

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Hamilton, Tobi DeLong, Victoria Buchan, Grafton Hull, Jr., Brian Christenson, Ruth Gerritsen-McKane, Roy Rodenhiser, and Marshall Smith. "Responding to the 2008 EPAS: Baccalaureate Education Assessment Direct and Indirect Measurement." Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18084/basw.16.1.880982p5x3h5q747.

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To meet accreditation requirements, many programs have used indirect measurements focused on student perceptions, which are sufficient to meet current Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAS) requirements. This article assists programs with measurement of the ten 2008 EPAS competencies by presenting two new instruments that measure implicit and explicit curriculum and compliment the already-existing Baccalaureate Educational Assessment Package (BEAP) instrument set. The Foundation Curriculum Assessment Instrument provides a direct pre–post measurement of how well a program's curriculum prepares students for practice. The Field/Practicum Placement Assessment Instrument focuses on the measurement of field education competencies. As demonstrated in a matrix, the BEAP instruments provide measures of all 41 competencies and the knowledge, values, and skills that help define them.
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Österberg, Petri Juhani, Martti Heinonen, Maija Johanna Ojanen-Saloranta, and Anssi Jaakko Mäkynen. "Comparison of the performance of a microwave based and an NMR based biomaterial moisture measurement instruments." ACTA IMEKO 5, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v5i4.391.

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This article compares the performance of an NMR-based and a microwave based moisture measurement instruments designed for biomaterials. The conventional moisture measurement method, Loss-on-Drying (LoD) serves as a reference measurement for both instruments. Six different biomaterials at three moisture content levels were measured with the microwave instrument and five biomaterials with the NMR instrument. After instrument calibrations, the difference and variation of the measurement results for parallel samples and the repeatability of the NMR and microwave instruments were estimated. Reasonable agreement between the measurement methods was achieved.
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Oleniacz, Grzegorz, Izabela Skrzypczak, and Tomasz Świętoń. "Trimble M3 1” and South Nts-362R Total Station Angle Measurement Accuracy Analysis." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 24, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2017-0003.

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Abstract The main purpose of this study was to obtain information about the actual precision of angle measurements with two instruments (Trimble M3 1 "and South NTS-362R), realizable in given measurement conditions. This object is achieved by using a simplified method of testing instruments contained in the PN-ISO 17123-3 standard [1]. This is a continuation of research described in [2], carried out on the same test base, but this time in a different, less favorable field conditions. The use of the same instrument has created an opportunity to compare and analyze the measurement results. The scope of work includes the measurement and results preparation along with statistical processing of the obtained results for both instruments.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Instruments of measurement"

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Balotta, Graciano Augusto Peviani [UNESP]. "Análise de três métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência para a região de Pradópolis - SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88228.

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O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar três métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (Hargreaves, Radiação Solar e Makkink), comparando-os com o método de Penman-Monteith, recomendado pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Alimentação e Agricultura (FAO) como método padrão para estimativa da ETo, para o município de Pradópolis - SP. Para esse fim foi instalada no posto agrometeorológico da cidade de Pradópolis - SP uma estação meteorológica automatizada. Por intermédio desta estação foram obtidas medidas da radiação solar global, temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento. A análise dos resultados foi feita por uma técnica que considera os erros da ET0. O resultado da avaliação dos métodos indica um melhor ajuste para estimativa da ETo para o método de Hargreaves. Os métodos de Makkink e Radiação Solar não obtiveram um ajuste satisfatório com o do Penman-Monteith. Para avaliar métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração deve-se considerar os erros da estimativa da ETo, evitando possíveis erros de avaliação
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate two reference methods to Monteith method, recommended by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as the standard method for estimating ETo in Pradópolis - SP. To this data collection, an automated weather station was installed in the meteorological station at Pradópolis - SP. Through estimate evapotranspiration (Hargreaves, Radiation and Makkink), compared to Penman-this station, we obtained measures of global solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. The analysis was done by a technique that considers the mistakes of ETo, which depends on the combination of the errors of the variables that make up the estimating equations, derived from the measurement instruments used to obtain these variables. The aftermath showed a better adjustment to Hargreaves. Makkink, and Radiation methods are different from Penman-Monteith, therefore, they cannot be compared. To evaluate methods to estimate evapotranspiration and avoid possible evaluation errors, ETo estimate errors must be considered
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Moneyhun, Sara E. "Optical pyrometry for noncontact temperature measurement." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01262010-020330/.

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Wang, Gaoxuan. "Development of photonic instruments for measurement of aerosol optical properties." Thesis, Littoral, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018DUNK0470.

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À cause de leur diffusion et de leur absorption des radiations solaires, les aérosols atmosphériques jouent un rôle important dans l'évolution du climat terrestre. Les techniques de mesure actuelles apportent certes, des connaissances, sur le forçage radiatif mais les résultats possèdent généralement de larges incertitudes, souvent du même ordre de grandeur que la valeur elle-même. Ces incertitudes sont causées par le manque de précision sur les données liées aux propriétés optiques estimées de ces aérosols (comme l'absorption, la diffusion ou l'extinction). Elles découlent principalement des techniques de mesures actuelles : à l'effet de chargement des filtres (lors de mesures classiques par filtres), aux mesures limitées par l'étendue spectrale des instruments, aux conditions d'échantillonnage différents lors de mesures séparées, etc. Dans ce travail de thèse, j'ai développé puis testé des instruments optiques et électroniques dans le but d'augmenter la précision des mesures des coefficients d'extinction et d'absorption des aérosols. (1) Deux spectrophones PhotAccoustique (PA) sont développés afin d'améliorer les mesures d'absorption des aérosols grâce à des mesures directes et sans filtres. Une première génération utilisant un rayonnement à 444 nm permet de réduire les incertitudes de mesure de 20-30% (obtenue par la technique d'échantillonnage par filtres) à 7,4% et 4,6% pour la détermination des coefficients d'absorption massique du carbone suie et de cendres volcaniques, respectivement. Transformé en spectrophone PA à multi-longueurs d'onde opérant conjointement à 444,532 et 660 nm, il permet alors de caractériser la dépendance spectrale du Coefficient d'Absorption d'Ångström (CAA). Les valeurs du CAA du carbone suie sont en accord avec les résultats publiés. Celles obtenues lors de l'analyse de deux échantillons de cendres volcaniques résultant de l'éruption du Eyjafjallajökull sont similaires au CAA du carbone brun,prouvent la présence d'importantes quantités d'éléments organiques. (2) Un extinctiomètre, basé sur le principe de la spectroscopie d'absorption en cavité à source large bande et incohérente (IBBCEAS), est ensuite développé afin de suivre l'évolution des propriétés optiques d'Aérosols Organiques Secondaires (AOS) produits par la photolyse du 2-nitrophénol dans une chambre de simulation atmosphérique de l'University College de Cork (Irlande). Leurs coefficients d'extinction et d'absorption sont suivis par cet extinctiomètre et un spectrophone PA durant tout le processus de production. Les évolutions des propriétés optiques des AOS confirment l'effet du vieillissement atmosphérique. (3) Une nouvelle architecture de détection synchrone est développé afin de rendre notre prototype plus léger, plus compact, mieux adapté aux applications in situ et plus particulièrement aux drones, techniques émergentes qui permettent de caractériser le profil vertical des aérosols dans l'atmosphère. Cette détection synchrone innovante, évaluée lors de la mesure de la concentration de NO₂ ambiant (niveau de concentration de quelques ppbv) possède une précision et une reproductibilité de mesures comparable à la détection synchrone SR830, commercialisée par la société Stanford Research Inc. L'évaluation précise de l'impact climatique des aérosols nécessite une quantification exacte et non biaisée de leurs propriétés optiques. À ce jour, elle reste un défi majeur dans la recherche sur les sciences de l'atmosphère et du changement climatique. Ainsi, des informations sur la taille des particules (liée à l'absorption sélective en longueur d'onde) nécessitent des mesures étendues sur de larges régions spectrales du rayonnement solaire principale. Le développement d'un albédomète large bande à haute précision, dédié à la mesure simultanée des coefficients d'extinction et d'absorption des aérosols est en cours
Atmospheric aerosols are known to play an important role in earth climate by scattering and absorbing solar radiation. However, the aerosol radiative forcing effect is still known with large uncertainties (almost equal to the magnitude of the aerosol radiative forcing). The uncertainties are mainly caused by inaccurate estimates of aerosol optical properties (such as its absorption, scattering and extinction coefficients) using the currently available measurement techniques, with result in filter loading effect in classic filter technique, the uncertainty due to different sampling conditions for separate measurements of aerosol optical properties in combination of different techniques or due to the measurements at limited spectral wavelength ranges. My PhD work was carried out on the developments and applications of optical and electronic instruments for accurate measurements of aerosol extinction and absorption coefficient : (1) Photoacoustic spectrophones were developed for filter-free direct measurements of aerosol absorption with high accuracy. Measurements uncertainties down to about 7.4% and 4.6% (compared to about 20-30% in filter-based measurements) were achieved for the determination of mass absorption coefficients of black carbon and volcanic ash samples, respectively, using a single-wavelength PA spectrophone operating at 444 nm. A 3-wavelength PA spectrophone operating at 444,532 and 660 nm was developed and deployed for characterizing wavelength-dependent optical properties of aerosol absorption Ångström coefficient (AAC). The determined AAC of black carbon was well consistent with the previously reported value. Our AAC values of two volcanic ash samples from 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull, similar to the AAC of brown carbon, indicated abundant organic compounds in the volcanic ash samples. The developed multi-wavelength PA spectrophone was tested and validated in an intensive field campaign measurements of environmental particles in Grenoble (France). Side-by-side inter-comparison measurements using an aethalometer showed a lineat correlation of the measured aerosol absorption coefficients from both instruments. (2) An extinctiometer based on IBBCEAS was developed for study of optical properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) produced from photolysis of 2-nitrophenol in an atmospheric simulation chamber at University College Cork (Ireland). Simultaneous monitoring of the SOA extinction and absorption (in conjuction with a PA spectrophone) coefficients was performed during its whole production process, the measured evolutions of the SOA optical properties highlighted the atmospheric aging effect. (3) In order to render optical sensor lightweight and suitable for field applications, in particular for the newly emerging unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications, a novel architecture of lock-in amplifier (LIA) was proposed and developed in the framework of this Phd Research. The novel LIA, evaluated with an inter-comparison measurement of ambient NO₂ at the ppbv concentration level, shows an identical performance (in terms of measurements accuracy and precision) as the widely used commercial LIA (SR830, Stanford Research Inc.), while using a simplified and lightweight hardware architecture. Evaluation of the aerosol impact on climate requires accurate and unbiased quantification of the its wavelength-dependent optical properties over a wide spectral region of the major solar radiation, which can provide information on particle size (due to the wavelength dependence of scattering by fine particles) as well as insights on aerosol chemical composition (because of its wavelength selective absorption). To date, it is still a key challenge in atmospheric science and climate change research. Development of a broadband aerosol albedometer is ongoing, which is dedicated to simultaneous measurements of aerosol extinction and absorption coefficients with high-accuracy and high-precision
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Wetherell, Emily Michelle. "The use of crowdsourcing in the development of measurement instruments." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6879.

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Crowdsourcing has gained favor among many social scientists as a method for collecting data because this method is both time- and resource-efficient. The present study uses a within-subject test-retest design to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of crowdsource samples for developing and field testing measurement instruments. As evidenced by similar patterns of psychometric characteristics across time, strong test-retest reliability, and low failure rates of attention check items, the results of this study provide evidence that Amazon Mechanical Turk might represent a fruitful platform for field testing to support the development of a variety of measures. These findings, in turn, have significant implications for resource efficiency in the fields of educational and organizational measurement.
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Sharp, David Brian. "Acoustic pulse reflectometry for the measurement of musical wind instruments." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14396.

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The bore profile and input impedance of a musical wind instrument provide valuable information about its acoustical properties. The time domain technique of acoustic pulse reflectometry can be used to measure the input impulse response of a tubular object, such as a wind instrument, from which both its bore profile and input impedance can be calculated. In this thesis, after a discussion of the theory of acoustic pulse reflectometry, the operation of a practical reflectometer is described and measurements of input impulse response, bore profile and input impedance are investigated. In general, the experimentally measured input impulse response of a tubular object contains a DC offset which must be removed for accurate bore reconstruction. A new, faster method of determining the DC offset is introduced which doesn’t require prior knowledge of the object’s dimensions. The bore profile of a test object, calculated by applying a lossy reconstruction algorithm to its input impulse response (after removal of the DC offset), is found to agree with directly measured radii to within 0.05mm. Various brass instrument reconstructions of similar accuracy are presented. An input impedance curve, calculated from the input impulse response of the test object, is found to have peak frequencies which agree with those of a theoretical curve to within 0.7% (a considerably better agreement than when a standard frequency domain measurement technique is used). Impedance curves of various brass instruments are presented. Bore reconstructions are used to confirm the presence, and in certain cases, the positions of leaks in instruments. For the special case of a leaking cylinder, the impedance curve is successfully used to calculate the size of the leak. Finally, a method is investigated which allows the practical reflectometer to measure longer objects than previously possible.
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Mayes, Alex. "LDA and CFD calibrations of airflow-measurement instruments in industry." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634038.

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This study involved the use of Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) to measure air flows at high temporal and spatial resolution for the calibration of high-precision instrumentation, together with the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling tools. The work was performed in conjunction with BSRIA Instrument Solutions (BIS) with the main aim of improving the speed and accuracy of the calibration facilities within the BIS laboratory through the novel application of these technologies. Throughout the exploration of each facility, experimental LDA measurements, theory and virtual CFD models were compared to explore the airflow behaviour. In Part 1 of the investigation, this primarily focussed on a Balometer Calibration Facility (BCF – volume flow device) and an Open Jet Wind Tunnel (OJWT – air velocity device); both controlled using orifice plate pressure drops. The BCF was explored using attached sections of square ducting with optical access for LDA measurements. A traversing method was devised to measure volumetric flow rates, which were compared to the measured orifice plate pressure drops in order to achieve calibration of the facility. Comparing traversing methods showed that a Log-Tchebycheff method provided the most accurate prediction. The BCF calibration method was devised such that is could be applied to other volume flow facilities. These experimental measurements were compared with CFD simulations of ducted airflow in square and circular cross-section geometries for further analysis including the theoretical 1/7th power law velocity profile along with profile method comparisons. A further volume flow device, the Blower Door Calibraion Facility (BDCF) was investigated using a similar process to show the generality of the devised method. The OJWT, a facility typically used to calibrate velocity devices such as anemometers, was calibrated using a simple but novel calibration process involving LDA. To investigate further the OJWT behaviour, CFD models were created to represent OJWT with and without an anemometer and contrasted with equivalent experimental situations. A comparison of these experimental and computational data sets was performed showing representation of experimentally observed phenomena within the CFD model. This included so-called „blockage factors‟, mentioned below. iii In operation, to achieve the calibration of anemometers, the OJWT must make use of Blockage Factors (BFs) in order to correct the calibrated reference velocity to determine the actual velocity experienced by the unit under test. This was explored in Part 2 of the project. Experimental and computational (CFD) investigations were performed to explore the nature of the BFs towards a method of prediction. This would be of great use to industry as an anemometer calibration is not valid on an OJWT if an incorrect BF was applied. Outputs include: Novel methods of calibration were devised for test facilities which successfully achieved UK Accreditation Service (UKAS) certification. LDA was used to show that, in square ducts, the Log-Tchebycheff profiling method performs better than Equal Areas at providing an estimate for average cross sectional velocity when both low- and high- flow rates are considered. To verify CFD models of ducted airflow and of near-field measurements around an anemometer within an OJWT, LDA was shown to be a powerful tool. The basis for a method of BF prediction was proposed. This is based upon the empirical relationship between a statistical analysis of numerous calibrations along with an experimental LDA measurement of the deflection of air around an anemometer (Radius Expansion – RE). This is a first use within the industry and is an original contribution to knowledge. CFD models were also employed in the investigation of BFs, and the empirical relationship was applied to the data extracted from these simulations. Results closely matching the expected values were produced. The empirical relationship (between RE and BF) was demonstrated through estimation of the BF of an unknown Kimo 70 mm anemometer.
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Gow, Joel A. "Testing the HG1700 inertial measurement unit for implementation into the AIRES unmanned underwater vehicle." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FGow.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Applied Science (Physical Oceanography))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2005.
Thesis Advisor(s): Anthony J. Healey, Edward B. Thornton. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49). Also available online.
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Bertan, Hilton Henrique 1979. "Analise de aplicação e desempenho de uma esfera integradora em radiometros para calibração de medidores de potencia optica." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260064.

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Orientador: Yuzo Iano
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e Computação
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Resumo: Uma esfera integradora e suas propriedades foram estudadas a fim de se obter um padrão de referência em medição de potência óptica. Este trabalho apresenta pesquisas realizadas em laboratórios nacionais e internacionais. As medições com uma esfera foram comparadas com as de um medidor de potência óptica padrão de um laboratório de calibração brasileiro e com equipamentos de um laboratório de medições ópticas europeu. Os resultados indicaram que a esfera integradora em questão apresenta uma incerteza de medição menor e, portanto, pode ser usada como padrão de referência. Este trabalho também tem como finalidade mostrar que é possível elaborar um procedimento de escolha de um novo equipamento padrão utilizando-se recursos e equipamentos limitados disponíveis no laboratório
Abstract: We have studied an integrating sphere and its properties for application as a reference standard in optical power measurement. This work shows the researches made in national and international laboratories. We have compared the measurements of a sphere with the standard optical power meter of a Brazilian calibration laboratory and with equipments of a European optical measurement laboratory. The results indicate that the integrating sphere can be used as a reference standard, because its measurement uncertainty is small. This work also has the purpose to show that a procedure for the choice of new standard equipment is reliable using resources and equipment commonly available in a laboratory
Mestrado
Telecomunicações e Telemática
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Balotta, Graciano Augusto Peviani. "Análise de três métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência para a região de Pradópolis - SP /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88228.

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Orientador: José Eduardo Pitelli Turco
Banca: Adhemar Pitelli Milani
Banca: Renato Farias do Valle Júnior
Resumo: O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar três métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (Hargreaves, Radiação Solar e Makkink), comparando-os com o método de Penman-Monteith, recomendado pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Alimentação e Agricultura (FAO) como método padrão para estimativa da ETo, para o município de Pradópolis - SP. Para esse fim foi instalada no posto agrometeorológico da cidade de Pradópolis - SP uma estação meteorológica automatizada. Por intermédio desta estação foram obtidas medidas da radiação solar global, temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento. A análise dos resultados foi feita por uma técnica que considera os erros da ET0. O resultado da avaliação dos métodos indica um melhor ajuste para estimativa da ETo para o método de Hargreaves. Os métodos de Makkink e Radiação Solar não obtiveram um ajuste satisfatório com o do Penman-Monteith. Para avaliar métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração deve-se considerar os erros da estimativa da ETo, evitando possíveis erros de avaliação
Abstract: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate two reference methods to Monteith method, recommended by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as the standard method for estimating ETo in Pradópolis - SP. To this data collection, an automated weather station was installed in the meteorological station at Pradópolis - SP. Through estimate evapotranspiration (Hargreaves, Radiation and Makkink), compared to Penman-this station, we obtained measures of global solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. The analysis was done by a technique that considers the mistakes of ETo, which depends on the combination of the errors of the variables that make up the estimating equations, derived from the measurement instruments used to obtain these variables. The aftermath showed a better adjustment to Hargreaves. Makkink, and Radiation methods are different from Penman-Monteith, therefore, they cannot be compared. To evaluate methods to estimate evapotranspiration and avoid possible evaluation errors, ETo estimate errors must be considered
Mestre
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Callahan, Gary L. "The measurement of finger dexterity in woodwind and brass instrumentalists : a developmental study /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1340907240.

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Books on the topic "Instruments of measurement"

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Charles, Wright. Applied measurement engineering: How to design effective mechanical measurement systems. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall PTR, 1995.

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Measurement and instrumentation systems. Oxford: Newnes, 1996.

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Electronic instruments and measurement techniques. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

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Redman, Barbara Klug. Measurement instruments in clinical ethics. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 2002.

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Financial instruments: Recognition and measurement. London: International Accounting Standards Committee, 1998.

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Board, Accounting Standards. Financial instruments: measurement: IAS 39. London: Accounting Standards Board, 2004.

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Jones, R. V. Instruments and experiences: Papers on measurement and instrument design. Ann Arbor, Mich: UMI Books on Demand, 1988.

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V, Jones R. Instruments and experiences: Papers on measurement and instrument design. Chichester [West Sussex]: Wiley, 1988.

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The art of computerized measurement. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

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Hughes, Thomas A. Measurement and control basics. 2nd ed. Research Triangle Park, N.C: ISA, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Instruments of measurement"

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France, G. H. "Commercial Instruments." In Rheological Measurement, 189–210. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2898-0_7.

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Walstad, William B. "Measurement Instruments." In International Series in Economic Modeling, 73–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3271-5_5.

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Marchevsky, David. "Measurement Instruments." In Critical Appraisal of Medical Literature, 31–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4205-6_5.

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Brownsey, G. J. "Commercial Rotational Instruments." In Rheological Measurement, 405–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2898-0_13.

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Chen, Bean T., Robert A. Fletcher, and Yung-Sung Cheng. "Calibration of Aerosol Instruments." In Aerosol Measurement, 449–78. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118001684.ch21.

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Sangwine, S. J. "Instruments and measurement." In Electronic Components and Technology, 88–102. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6934-7_6.

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Gullion, Jessica Smartt. "Instruments of Measurement." In Diffractive Ethnography, 46–55. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351044998-6.

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Gupta, S. V. "Uncertainty and Calibration of Instruments." In Measurement Uncertainties, 131–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20989-5_6.

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Gupta, S. V. "Uncertainty in Calibration of Electrical Instruments." In Measurement Uncertainties, 279–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20989-5_12.

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Friedhoff, Martin, and Jens Berger. "IAS 39 – Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement." In Financial Instruments, 119–203. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-00607-5_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Instruments of measurement"

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Lu, Xiuchun, Xiaoliang Yan, and Herong Jin. "Research on soft measurement algorithm of torque measurement in transmission system." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274305.

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Guo, Yongqiang. "GPR depth measurement by spectrum analysis." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2011.6037738.

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Li, Ming, and Mingjie Liu. "Micro-system for shock and vibration measurement." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274167.

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Li, Shaowei, and Xinqing Zhuang. "Navigation radar signal acquisition and measurement system." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274666.

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Yang Zhenji and Fu Yongjie. "Design of the battery resistance measurement system." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2011.6037806.

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Cheng, Jiulong, Xiaoyun Sun, Donghui Liu, Jianpeng Bian, and D. H. Steve Zou. "Reducing measurement noise in rock bolts detecting." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274025.

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Qin Jingwen, Chen Yun, and Wang Fuliang. "Solder ball height measurement by projection method." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2011.6037956.

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Zakharov, I., and P. Neyezhmakov. "Peculiarity of measurement instruments verification by results of their calibrations." In 2017 11th International Conference on Measurement. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/measurement.2017.7983526.

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Qiang, Xiwen, Yan Li, Fei Zong, and Junwei Zhao. "Measurement of laboratory-simulated atmospheric turbulence by PSD." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274415.

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Liu, Min, Haiwen Yuan, Yi Sun, and Chen Yang. "Research on measurement of Dc power supply impedance." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274489.

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Reports on the topic "Instruments of measurement"

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Douda, Bernard E., and Henry A. Webster. Radiometric and Spectral Measurement Instruments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250771.

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Mazel, Charles. Diver-Operated Instruments for In-Situ Measurement of Optical Properties. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630463.

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Bontha, Jagannadha R., Jeromy WJ Jenks, Gerald P. Morgen, Timothy J. Peters, Wayne A. Wilcox, Harold E. Adkins, Carolyn A. Burns, et al. Test Loop Demonstration and Evaluation of Slurry Transfer Line Critical Velocity Measurement Instruments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1008255.

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Balk, Ethan M., Abhilash Gazula, Georgios Markozannes, Hanna J. Kimmel, Ian J. Saldanha, Linda J. Resnik, and Thomas A. Trikalinos. Lower Limb Prostheses: Measurement Instruments, Comparison of Component Effects by Subgroups, and Long-Term Outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer213.

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Beauchamp, Carlos R., Johanna E. Camara, Jennifer Carney, Steven J. Choquette, Kenneth D. Cole, Paul C. DeRose, David L. Duewer, et al. Metrological tools for the reference materials and reference instruments of the NIST material measurement laboratory. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-136-2020.

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Beauchamp, Carlos R., Johanna E. Camara, Jennifer Carney, Steven J. Choquette, Kenneth D. Cole, Paul C. DeRose, David L. Duewer, et al. Metrological Tools for the Reference Materials and Reference Instruments of the NIST Material Measurement Laboratory. National Institute of Standards and Technology, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-136-2021.

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Goldman, A. S. Assessment of the measurement control program for solution assay instruments at the Los Alamos National Laboratory Plutonium Facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5659958.

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Kyllönen, Katriina, Karri Saarnio, Ulla Makkonen, and Heidi Hellén. Verification of the validity of air quality measurements related to the Directive 2004/107/EC in 2019-2020 (DIRME2019). Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361256.

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Abstract:
This project summarizes the results from 2000–2020and evaluates the trueness andthequality control (QC) procedures of the ongoing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)and trace element measurements in Finlandrelating to Air Quality (AQ) Directive 2004/107/EC. The evaluation was focused on benzo(a)pyrene and other PAH compounds as well as arsenic, cadmium and nickel in PM10and deposition. Additionally, it included lead and other metals in PM10and deposition, gaseous mercury and mercury deposition, andbriefly other specificAQ measurements such as volatile organic compounds (VOC)and PM2.5chemical composition. This project was conducted by the National Reference Laboratory on air quality and thiswas the first time these measurements were assessed. A major part of the project was field and laboratory audits of the ongoing PAH and metal measurements. Other measurements were briefly evaluated through interviews and available literature. In addition, the national AQ database, the expertise of local measurement networks and related publications were utilised. In total, all theseven measurement networks performing PAH and metal measurements in 2019–2020took part in the audits. Eleven stations were audited while these measurements are performed at 22 AQ stations in Finland. For the large networks, one station was chosen to represent the performance of the network. The audits included also six laboratories performing the analysis of the collected samples. The audits revealed the compliance of the measurements with the AQ Decree 113/2017, Directive 2004/107/EC and Standards of the European Committee for Standardization(CEN). In addition, general information of the measurements, instruments and quality control procedures were gained. The results of the laboratory audits were confidential,but this report includes general findings, and the measurement networks were informed on the audit results with the permission of the participating laboratories. As a conclusion, the measurementmethodsusedwere mainly reference methods. Currently, all sampling methods were reference methods; however, before 2018 three networks used other methods that may have underestimated concentrations. Regarding these measurements, it should be noted the results are notcomparable with the reference method. Laboratory methods were reference methods excluding two cases, where the first was considered an acceptable equivalent method. For the other, a change to a reference method was strongly recommended and this realized in 2020. For some new measurements, the ongoing QC procedures were not yet fully established, and advice were given. Some networks used consultant for calibration and maintenance, and thus theywere not fully aware of the QC procedures. EN Standards were mostly followed. Main concerns were related to the checks of flow and calculation of measurement uncertainty, and suggestions for improvement were given. When the measurement networks implement the recommendations given inthe audits, it can be concluded that the EN Standards are adequately followed in the networks. In the ongoing sampling, clear factors risking the trueness of the result were not found. This applies also for the laboratory analyses in 2020. One network had concentrations above the target value, and theindicative measurementsshould be updated to fixed measurements.
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Reichl, Ken, and Sebastien C. Biraud. AmeriFlux Measurement Component (AMC) Instrument Handbook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1251386.

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Seinfeld, John H. Cloud Condensation Nucleus Instrument for Airborne Measurement. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630371.

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