Journal articles: 'Insulated wall panels'

1

Nijhawan, Jagdish C. "Insulated Wall Panels - Interface Shear Transfer." PCI Journal 43, no. 3 (May 1, 1998): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij.05011998.98.101.

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Mousa, Mohammed A., and Nasim Uddin. "Global buckling of composite structural insulated wall panels." Materials & Design 32, no. 2 (February 2011): 766–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2010.07.026.

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Yun, Hyun Do, Seok Joon Jang, and Young Chan You. "Direct Shear Responses of Insulated Concrete Sandwich Panels with GFRP Shear Connectors." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 803–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.803.

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This paper investigates shear flow strength of insulated concrete sandwich panels with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) shear connectors based on push-out test. The precast insulated concrete panels consist of 60mm concrete wall, 100mm insulation, and 130mm concrete wall. Two concrete walls were connected with GFRP corrugated shear connector. Four specimens with variables such as the insulation type and the width of GFRP corrugated shear connector were made. Failure modes, shear flow-deflection relationships and post-peak strength were investigated. Test results indicate that the specimens with EPS insulation show higher shear flow strength than those with XPSS insulation due to the relatively high surface roughness of EPS insulation, and the shear flow strength increased with increasing shear connector width.

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Jing, Meng, and Werasak Raongjant. "Fiber Reinforced Structural Insulated Panel Used as Two-Way Slabs." Materials Science Forum 859 (May 2016): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.859.50.

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The application of structural insulated panels (SIP) was mainly limited to wall panels in the past. In order to evaluate the flexural performance of SIP two-way slabs, an experimental research on the flexural behavior of four full-size two-way slabs, made of SIP panels or fiber reinforced structural insulated panels, was presented in this paper. The bending capacities and the strains in the face layers were studied and compared with those of ordinary reinforced concrete two-way slabs. Testing results verified that, strengthening of glass fiber reinforced polymer sheets could obviously improve the flexural capacity of SIP slab. Fiber reinforced structural insulated panels could substitute ordinary reinforced concrete slabs in residential or light commercial buildings.

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Chen, Wen Su, and Hong Hao. "A Study of Corrolink Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) to Windborne Debris Impacts." Key Engineering Materials 626 (August 2014): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.626.68.

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Structural insulated panel (SIP) is considered as a green panel in construction industry because of the low thermal conductivity of the sandwiched EPS core (i.e extended polystyrene). It is a lightweight composite structure and is widely used in commercial, industrial and residential buildings to construct the building envelop including roof and wall. The windborne debris driven by cyclone or hurricane usually imposes intensive localized impact on the structural panel, which might create opening to the structure. The opening on the building envelope might cause internal pressures increase and result in substantial damage to the building structures, such as roof lifting up and wall collapse. The Australian Wind Loading Code (version 2011) [1] requires structural panels to resist projectile debris impact at a velocity equal to 40% of the wind speed, which could be more than 40 m/s in the tropical area with the wind speed more than 100m/s. In this study, two kinds of SIP under projectile debris impact were investigated, i.e. “Corrolink” and “Double-corrolink” composite panels shown in Fig. 1. Laboratory tests were carried out by using pneumatic cannon testing system to investigate the dynamic response of composite panels subjected to wooden projectile impacts. The failure modes were observed. The structural dynamic responses were also examined quantitatively based on the deformation and strain time histories measured in the tests. The penetration resistance capacity of panels subjected to windborne debris impact was assessed.Fig. 1 Schematic diagrams (L) Corrolink panel; (R) Double-corrolink panel [2]

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Kalbe, Kristo, Hubert Piikov, and Targo Kalamees. "Moisture Dry-Out Capability of Steel-Faced Mineral Wool Insulated Sandwich Panels." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 9020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219020.

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Moisture dry-out from steel-faced insulated sandwich panels has previously received little attention from researchers. This paper reports the results from laboratory tests and dynamic heat, air, and moisture transport simulations of the moisture dry-out capabilities of a steel-faced sandwich panel with a mineral wool core. Three test walls (TWs) with dimensions of 1.2 m × 0.4 m × 0.23 m were put above water containers to examine the moisture transport through the TWs. A calibrated simulation model was used to investigate the hygrothermal regime of a sandwich panel wall enclosure with different initial moisture contents and panel joint tightening tapes. The moisture dry-out capacity of the studied sandwich panels is limited (up to 2 g/day through a 30-mm-wide and 3-m-long vertical joint without tapes). When the vertical joint was covered with a vapour-permeable tape, the moisture dry-out was reduced to 1 g/day and when the joint was covered with a vapour-retarding tape, the dry-out was negligible. A very small amount of rain would be enough to raise the moisture content to water vapour saturation levels inside the sandwich wall, had the rain ingressed the enclosure. The calculated time of wetness (TOW) on the internal surface of the outer steel sheet stayed indefinitely at about 5500 h/year when vapour-retarding tapes were used and the initial relative humidity (RH) was over 80%. TOW stabilised to about 2000 h/year when a vapour-permeable tape was used regardless of the initial humidity inside the panel. A vapour-permeable tape allowed moisture dry-out but also vapour diffusion from the outside environment. To minimise the risk of moisture damage, avoiding moisture ingress during construction time or due to accidents is necessary. Additionally, a knowledge-based method is recommended to manage moisture safety during the construction process.

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Meng, Qingfei, Wensu Chen, and Hong Hao. "Numerical and experimental study of steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh strengthened structural insulated panel against projectile impact." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 8 (October 11, 2017): 1183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433217733762.

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Extreme wind events caused damages and losses around the world every year. Windborne debris impact might create opening on building envelop, which would lead to the increase in internal pressure and result in roof being lift up and wall collapse. Some standards including Australia Wind Loading Code (AS/NZS 1170:2:2011, 2011) put forward design criteria to protect structures against windborne debris impacts. Structural insulated panel with Oriented Strand Board skin and expanded polystyrene core has been increasingly used in the building industry. Its capacity was found insufficient to resist the windborne debris impact in cyclonic areas defined in the Australian Wind Loading Code. Therefore, such panels need be strengthened for their applications in construction in cyclonic areas. In this study, impact resistance capacities of seven structural insulated panels strengthened with steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh were experimentally and numerically investigated. The impact resistance capacities were identified by comparing the damage mode, residual velocity and unpenetrated length of projectile after impact. Experimental results clearly demonstrated the enhancement of the impact resistance capacities of panels strengthened with steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh. Finite element model was developed in LS-DYNA to simulate the dynamic response of the structural insulated panels under windborne debris impact. The accuracy of the numerical model was validated with the testing data.

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Vaidya, A., N. Uddin, and U. Vaidya. "Structural Characterization of Composite Structural Insulated Panels for Exterior Wall Applications." Journal of Composites for Construction 14, no. 4 (August 2010): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000037.

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Nah, Hwan-Seon, Hyeon-Ju Lee, and Sung-Mo Choi. "Performance of cyclic loading for structural insulated panels in wall application." Steel and Composite Structures 14, no. 6 (June 25, 2013): 587–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2013.14.6.587.

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Nah, Hwan-Seon, Hyeon-Ju Lee, Cheol-Hee Lee, Sung-Wook Hwang, Hye-Jin Jo, and Sung-Mo Choi. "Evaluation on Structural Performance of Structural Insulated Panels in Wall Application." Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2012): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11004/kosacs.2012.3.2.019.

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Bhattarai, Bishnu Hari, Bharat Raj Pahari, and Sanjeev Maharjan. "Comparison of Energy Efficiency of traditional Brick Wall and Inco- Panel Wall: A Case Study of Hotel Sarowar in Pokhara." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 3 (October 13, 2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i3.32007.

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Energy efficiency is understood to mean the utilization of energy in the most cost-effective manner to carry out process or provide a service, whereby energy waste is minimized, and the overall consumption of primary energy resources is reduced. Various measures can be employed to attain energy efficiency in building such as reducing demands for heating, cooling, lighting, consumption for office equipment and appliances demand, reducing energy requirement for ventilation, using energy efficient building materials. An energy efficient home is designed to keep out the wind and rain while reducing energy waste. Modern homes are built with variety of different materials. They are no longer built using only bricks and mortar. A wide variety of energy efficient building materials are now available. Recycled Steel, Insulating Concrete Forms, Plant-based Polyurethane Foam, Straw Bales, Structural Insulated Panels, Plastic Composite Lumber, Vacuum Insulation Panels, Inco-panel are among alternatives available. Among those various wall materials, energy performance analysis in terms of heating and cooling load is done in this thesis. For this study, under construction Hotel Sarowar is chosen for analysis. This study compares heat transfer on the building when Inco-panel is used as wall material and conventional brick masonry is used as wall material. The heat transfers through those walls are calculated using MS Excel and ANSYS Software.

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Mohammadabadi, Mostafa, Vikram Yadama, and James Daniel Dolan. "Evaluation of Wood Composite Sandwich Panels as a Promising Renewable Building Material." Materials 14, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14082083.

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During this study, full-size wood composite sandwich panels, 1.2 m by 2.4 m (4 ft by 8 ft), with a biaxial corrugated core were evaluated as a building construction material. Considering the applications of this new building material, including roof, floor, and wall paneling, sandwich panels with one and two corrugated core(s) were fabricated and experimentally evaluated. Since primary loads applied on these sandwich panels during their service life are live load, snow load, wind, and gravity loads, their bending and compression behavior were investigated. To improve the thermal characteristics, the cavities within the sandwich panels created by the corrugated geometry of the core were filled with a closed-cell foam. The R-values of the sandwich panels were measured to evaluate their energy performance. Comparison of the weight indicated that fabrication of a corrugated panel needs 74% less strands and, as a result, less resin compared to a strand-based composite panel, such as oriented strand board (OSB), of the same size and same density. Bending results revealed that one-layer core sandwich panels with floor applications under a 4.79 kPa (100 psf) bending load are able to meet the smallest deflection limit of L/360 when the span length (L) is 137.16 cm (54 in) or less. The ultimate capacity of two-layered core sandwich panels as a wall member was 94% and 158% higher than the traditional walls with studs under bending and axial compressive loads, respectively. Two-layered core sandwich panels also showed a higher ultimate capacity compared to structural insulated panels (SIP), at 470% and 235% more in bending and axial compression, respectively. Furthermore, normalized R-values, the thermal resistance, of these sandwich panels, even with the presence of thermal bridging due to the core geometry, was about 114% and 109% higher than plywood and oriented strand board, respectively.

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Atsonios, Ioannis, Ioannis Mandilaras, and Maria Founti. "Thermal Assessment of a Novel Drywall System Insulated with VIPs." Energies 12, no. 12 (June 20, 2019): 2373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122373.

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Advanced building envelopes targeting high energy performance should combine high thermal performance with easy and fast installation. The combination of lightweight steel-framed building systems with vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) form an attractive solution toward this requirement. In the present study, a lightweight metal frame drywall building insulated with VIPs is constructed and experimentally/theoretically investigated, focusing on the impact of every type of thermal bridges on the thermal performance of the envelope and its upgrade due to the presence of the VIPs at the walls. Temperature measurements obtained at several locations of the envelope, over a period of one year, are presented and analyzed. The results are in agreement with the theoretical values and demonstrate that the VIPs can reduce the thermal transmittance of the central part of the wall by ca. 50%, limiting the impact of metal studs. The paper discusses the impact of dimensional inaccuracies and damaged panels on the thermal performance of the envelope. It is shown that VIP decreases the impact of thermal bridges and reduces the risk of condensation inside the walls.

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Mousa, Mohammed A., and Nasim Uddin. "Structural behavior and modeling of full-scale composite structural insulated wall panels." Engineering Structures 41 (August 2012): 320–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.03.028.

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Rustamova, Dilbar, Sobira Nosirova, and Maftuna Gayibnazarova. "PROMISING CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS OF SANDWICH-TYPE MODERN ASSEMBLY EXTERIOR WALLS." TECHNICAL SCIENCES 6, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9696-2020-6-7.

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As a result of theoretical and experimental experiments conducted in this study, the specifics of the temperature field in the heat-insulated parts of the outer wall of a hidden metal frame of a residential building built of cement sandwich panels in dry hot conditions of Uzbekistan were identified.

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Ismail, Najif, Tamer El-Maaddawy, Amanullah Najmal, and Nouman Khattak. "Experimental in-plane performance of insulated concrete and brick masonry wall panels retrofitted using polymer composites." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 51, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.51.2.85-91.

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Masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame buildings built prior to the introduction of modern seismic provisions have been observed to undergo damage in and around the masonry infill walls during most recent moderate to severe earthquakes. Fibre reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) is one of several retrofitting options available to limit such earthquake induced damage to infill walls. An experimental program was undertaken herein to experimentally investigate the effectiveness of FRCM as a strengthening solution for vintage (i.e. built between 1880 and 1930) un-reinforced brick masonry (URM) and insulated concrete masonry (IMU) infill walls. A total of 16 masonry assemblages were tested under in-plane diagonal load, of these 8 were constructed replicating vintage URM whereas the remainder were constructed using modern IMU. IMU is a preferred masonry type in hot and humid regions owing to its superior insulting capability. Different polymer fabrics (i.e., carbon, glass and basalt) were applied over both faces of test walls, with two replicate test walls receiving the same FRCM strengthening details. One test wall of each masonry type was tested as-built to serve as a control specimen for comparison. One wall of each masonry type received two layers of basalt FRCM. The investigated aspects included stress-strain behaviour, stiffness, and ductility. Shear strength increment observed due to single layer of FRCM application was 422-778% for vintage URM and 307-415% for modern IMU. FRCM also substantially increased the ductility capacity of the masonry assemblages.

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Kukk, Villu, Annegrete Külaots, Jaan Kers, and Targo Kalamees. "Influence of interior layer properties to moisture dry-out of CLT walls." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 46, no. 11 (November 2019): 1001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0591.

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The objective of this study was to determine the maximum allowable initial moisture content (MC) for cross-laminated timber (CLT) walls having both exterior and interior thermal insulation. A laboratory test was conducted, for which four test walls with two different insulation solutions and two different MCs were built. Based on the test results, a simulation model was configured and simulations using the model were completed. The simulation results determined that the maximum allowable initial MC of the CLT panels was 17% for walls insulated additionally from inside with mineral wool and 15% for CLT wall assemblies insulated with polyisocyanurate (PIR). Based on these results, it was concluded that the allowable MC ranges between 8% and 16% for construction timber, and therefore, using a PIR board as interior insulation for CLT walls should be undertaken with caution given the very small margin for error in MC.

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Zhi, Qing, and Zhengxing Guo. "Experimental evaluation of precast concrete sandwich wall panels with steel–glass fiber–reinforced polymer shear connectors." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 10 (January 8, 2017): 1476–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216683198.

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A new shear connector is proposed in this article. The shear connector is made of steel–glass fiber–reinforced polymer material. Twelve full-scale precast insulated concrete sandwich panels were tested under flexure to analyze their flexural behavior subjected to pressure. The test program was composed of eight sandwich panels with steel–glass fiber–reinforced polymer connectors and four panels for comparison that were panels using stainless steel truss connectors, pure glass fiber–reinforced polymer pin connectors, and no connectors, respectively. Their load–deflection relationships, load–slip relationships, concrete strain profiles along the wythes cross section, as well as the strains in the steel–glass fiber–reinforced polymer W-shaped connectors were investigated in this article. The panels exhibited a composite action in terms of strength exceeding 85% with steel–glass fiber–reinforced polymer connectors and 40 mm insulation thickness. In addition, the other panels with more than 40 mm insulation layer and different diameter connectors only exhibited 26%–62% composite action. When evaluating the degree of the composite action in terms of stiffness, all sandwich panel values ranged from 6% to 26%. But the compared specimens with pure glass fiber–reinforced polymer connector and smaller diameter steel truss connector had lower level composite action less than 10%. Reasonable design of steel–glass fiber–reinforced polymer W-shaped connectors may provide high composite action for panels and prevent the strength from dropping rapidly due to the steel inner core in the connectors.

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Woltman, Greg, Douglas Tomlinson, and Amir Fam. "Investigation of Various GFRP Shear Connectors for Insulated Precast Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels." Journal of Composites for Construction 17, no. 5 (October 2013): 711–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000373.

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Kržan, Meta, and Boris Azinović. "Cyclic response of insulated steel angle brackets used for cross-laminated timber connections." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 79, no. 3 (January 10, 2021): 691–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-020-01643-5.

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AbstractIn cross-laminated timber (CLT) buildings, in order to reduce the disturbing transmission of sound over the flanking parts, special insulation layers are used between the CLT walls and slabs, together with insulated angle-bracket connections. However, the influence of such CLT connections and insulation layers on the seismic resistance of CLT structures has not yet been studied. In this paper, experimental investigation on CLT panels installed on insulation bedding and fastened to the CLT floor using an innovative, insulated, steel angle bracket, are presented. The novelty of the investigated angle-bracket connection is, in addition to the sound insulation, its resistance to both shear as well as uplift forces as it is intended to be used instead of traditional angle brackets and hold-down connections to simplify the construction. Therefore, monotonic and cyclic tests on the CLT wall-to-floor connections were performed in shear and tensile/compressive load direction. Specimens with and without insulation under the angle bracket and between the CLT panels were studied and compared. Tests of insulated specimens have proved that the insulation has a marginal influence on the load-bearing capacity; however, it significantly influences the stiffness characteristics. In general, the experiments have shown that the connection could also be used for seismic resistant CLT structures, although some minor improvements should be made.

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Dick, Kris J., Farhoud Delijani, and Andy Yuen. "MOISTURE AND FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF HEMP MAT FOAM STRUCTURAL INSULATED PANEL SPECIMENS." Journal of Green Building 9, no. 2 (July 2014): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618-9.2.87.

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The use of structural insulated panels (SIPs) for wall and roof assemblies in residential and commercial buildings is a well-known construction technique. SIPs typically use a combination of either expanded polystyrene foam (EPS) or polyurethane foam (PUR) as the core material. The covering or skin is predominantly oriented strand board (OSB). The OSB is either bonded to the foam with adhesive in the case of EPS, while polyurethane is used to provide adhesion with PUR SIPs. This paper presents the results of research that investigated the use of industrial hemp mat used as a skin for soy-based polyurethane foam panels. A series of tests were conducted to investigate moisture resistance and flexural behaviour on hemp mat foam panels. Moisture absorption behaviour was evaluated on three specimen types: uncoated, earth plaster and tung oil treated hemp mat. The absorption coefficient Aw was determined for all specimens. The tung oil treated specimens exhibited a water absorption coefficient that was 5.3% of that for untreated hemp mat panel specimens. Flexural tests were conducted on dry specimens with earth-plastered hemp mat, tung oil coated hemp mat, OSB and, untreated hemp mat skins. Tung oil provided resistance to tension failure and increased capacity to withstand considerable deformation without tensile failure in flexural specimens. Compared with pure foam specimens, untreated hemp mat improved flexural performance by 16.3%.

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Ng, Soon Ching, Kaw Sai Low, and Ngee Heng Tioh. "Thermal Insulation Property of Newspaper Membrane Encased Soil-Based Aerated Lightweight Concrete Panels." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.783.

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Roof and wall are known to be responsible for heat entering into a building and should therefore be thermally insulated in order to lessen energy consumption required for air-conditioning. In this study, four soil-based aerated lightweight concrete (ALC) panels each measures 750 mm (length) x 750 mm (breadth) x 70 mm (thick) with different aerial intensity of newspaper membrane encased were produced and tested on their thermal insulation property. For environmental friendly and economy reasons, clayey soil was used in place of sand to produce the ALC panels and they were tested in the Thermal Laboratory for twenty hours. Temperature gradient was computed based on the surface temperature measured during the test. The results obtained indicated that newspaper membrane encased soil-based ALC panels have superior heat insulation performance compared to control panel in terms of temperature gradient. It is found that the temperature gradient increased from 1.92 °C/cm to 2.08 °C/cm or 8.3% higher than control panel with just merely 0.05 g/cm2 of newspaper membrane encased.

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Keskküla, Kadri, Tambet Aru, Mihkel Kiviste, and Martti-Jaan Miljan. "Hygrothermal Analysis of Masonry Wall with Reed Boards as Interior Insulation System." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 9, 2020): 5252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205252.

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When the masonry walls of buildings under heritage protection need to be restored and thermally improved, the only option is to use an interior insulation system. This is also the riskiest method of insulating walls in cold climates. Capillary active interior insulation systems have been proven to be the most reliable, minimizing the risk of mold growth and decay caused by condensation. They have also been proven to be less risky in wind-driven rain. The building studied is situated in a heritage-conservation area in downtown Tartu, Estonia, and therefore cannot be insulated from the exterior. This paper compares the hygrothermal performance of four different interior insulation systems with and without a heating cable and vapor barrier. In the first case, Isover Vario KM Duplex UV was placed between reed panels. In the second case, reed panels were used without the vapor barrier. Data loggers were applied between the reed panels and the original wall and inside the room to measure temperature and relative humidity in one-hour intervals. Exterior temperature and relative humidity values were taken from the Estonian University of Life Sciences Institute of Technology weather service station. In addition to the measurements taken in the case study building, calculations were made using heat-air-moisture (HAM) Delphin software to simulate the situation. The use of a smart vapor retarder (Isover Vario KM Duplex UV) with reed panels in the interior insulation system reduced the relative humidity level inside the wall. The vapor retarder improved the drying-potential compared to the interior insulation system without the vapor barrier.

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Kim, Yoo Jae, Tom Harmon, and Byoung Hee You. "High Performance Precast Wall Panels with Shear Transfer Provided by Carbon Fiber Grid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 84-85 (August 2011): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.84-85.613.

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Composite insulated wall panels using carbon fiber grid in combination with expanded polystyrene (EPS) insulation have been produced for over 5 years. The carbon fiber grid and the EPS act together to provide shear transfer between the wythes of the composite panel. A design procedure has been developed, based on testing at Washington University and North Carolina State University. The approach discussed here is to ensure that the flexural strength, the cracking moment, and the deflection are all within acceptable limits. This paper first discusses the testing that has been performed to develop the material properties used in the design procedure. Then methods for computing the flexural strength, the cracking moment and the deflection are also presented. Deflections are not often an issue and cracking moments can be easily controlled by the amount of prestress. Therefore, the most important concern is providing adequate shear transfer. The design procedures discussed here were later verified by full scale testing at North Carolina State University.

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Smakosz, Łukasz, Ireneusz Kreja, and Zbigniew Pozorski. "Edgewise Compressive Behavior of Composite Structural Insulated Panels with Magnesium Oxide Board Facings." Materials 14, no. 11 (June 2, 2021): 3030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14113030.

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Edgewise compression response of a composite structural insulated panel (CSIP) with magnesium oxide board facings was investigated. The discussed CSIP is a novel multifunctional sandwich panel introduced to the housing industry as a part of the wall, floor, and roof assemblies. The study aims to propose a computational tool for reliable prediction of failure modes of CSIPs subjected to concentric and eccentric axial loads. An advanced numerical model was proposed that includes geometrical and material nonlinearity as well as incorporates the material bimodularity effect to achieve accurate and versatile failure mode prediction capability. Laboratory tests on small-scale CSIP samples of three different slenderness ratios and full-scale panels loaded with three different eccentricity values were carried out, and the test data were compared with numerical results for validation. The finite element (FE) model successfully captured CSIP’s inelastic response in uniaxial compression and when flexural action was introduced by eccentric loads or buckling and predicted all failure modes correctly. The comprehensive validation showed that the proposed approach could be considered a robust and versatile aid in CSIP design.

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Chen, Dong, Pengkun Li, Baoquan Cheng, Huihua Chen, Qiong Wang, and Baojun Zhao. "Crack Resistance of Insulated GRC-PC Integrated Composite Wall Panels under Different Environments: An Experimental Study." Crystals 11, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070775.

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GRC-PC wall is a new type of integrated composite exterior wall with decorative and structural functions. It is formed by superimposing GRC surface layer on the outer leaf of prefabricated PC wall. Due to the complexity of indoor and outdoor environment and the difference of shrinkage performance between concrete and GRC materials, GRC surface layer in GRC-PC wall is prone to shrinkage and cracking, among which, the connection modes between GRC layer and PC layer and change of temperature and humidity have the greatest influence. Therefore, GRC material formula was adjusted, and seven experimental panels were produced. In view of the temperature and the humidity changes in different indoor and outdoor environments, the influences of different connection modes between GRC layer and PC layer on the material shrinkage performance were studied, and a one year material shrinkage performance experiment was conducted. The results show that, in indoor environment, the shrinkage of GRC layer and PC layer is relatively gentle due to the small range of temperature and humidity change. Compared with the indoor environment, the changes of outdoor temperature and humidity are more drastic. The shrinkage changes of GRC layer and PC layer show great fluctuations, but the overall strain value is still within a reasonable range, and there is no crack. At the same time, this suggests that smooth interface is more conducive to crack resistance of GRC surface layer compared with different interface types between GRC layer and PC layer. The research provides an experimental basis for the large-scale application of the wall panel, and it has great advantages in improving the efficiency of prefabricated building construction.

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Choi, Insub, JunHee Kim, and Ho-Ryong Kim. "Composite Behavior of Insulated Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels Subjected to Wind Pressure and Suction." Materials 8, no. 3 (March 19, 2015): 1264–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma8031264.

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Gombeda, Matthew J., Clay J. Naito, and Spencer E. Quiel. "Development and performance of a ductile shear tie for precast concrete insulated wall panels." Journal of Building Engineering 28 (March 2020): 101084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.101084.

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Gombeda, Matthew J., Patrick Trasborg, Clay J. Naito, and Spencer E. Quiel. "Simplified model for partially-composite precast concrete insulated wall panels subjected to lateral loading." Engineering Structures 138 (May 2017): 367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.01.065.

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Hou, Hetao, Kefan Ji, Wenhao Wang, Bing Qu, Mingji Fang, and Canxing Qiu. "Flexural behavior of precast insulated sandwich wall panels: Full-scale tests and design implications." Engineering Structures 180 (February 2019): 750–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.11.068.

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Egbon, Benedict, and Douglas Tomlinson. "Experimental investigation of longitudinal shear transfer in insulated concrete wall panels with notched insulation." Journal of Building Engineering 43 (November 2021): 103173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103173.

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Meng, Qing Fei, Hong Hao, and Wen Su Chen. "Numerical Study of Basalt Fibre Cloth Strengthened Structural Insulated Panel under Windborne Debris Impact." Applied Mechanics and Materials 846 (July 2016): 446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.846.446.

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Strong winds happen around the world every year and cause enormous damages and losses. Besides large wind pressure, impact from windborne debris on building envelope is a major source of structural damage in strong winds. The debris lifted and carried by wind impacting on building envelop may create openings on building envelope which increase internal pressure of the building, and lead to roof lifting and even total building collapse. Preventing impact damage to structural wall and roof is therefore critical in extreme wind conditions. On the other hand Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) with Oriented Strand Board (OSB) skins is popularly used in the building industry. Previous studies revealed that such SIP panels had weak impact resistant capacity and do not meet the design requirements to resist windborne debris impact specified in Australian Standard (AS/NZS1170.2:2011) for their applications in cyclonic regions. To increase the capacity of such SIP panels against windborne debris impact, basalt fibre cloth was used to strengthen the panel. Laboratory tests found that SIP strengthened with basalt fibre cloth was effective in increasing its impact-resistant capacity. This paper presents the development of a reliable numerical model to predict the impact responses of basalt fibre cloth strengthened SIP panel in LS-DYNA. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified by comparing the numerical and experimental results. The validated numerical model provides a reliable tool to predict basalt fibre cloth strengthened SIPs.

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Gargallo, Mercedes, Belarmino Cordero, and Alfonso Garcia-Santos. "Material Selection and Characterization for a Novel Frame-Integrated Curtain Wall." Materials 14, no. 8 (April 10, 2021): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081896.

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Curtain walls are the façade of choice in high-rise buildings and an indispensable element of architecture for a contemporary city. In conventional curtain walls, the glass panels are simply supported by the metal framing which transfers any imposed load to the building structure. The absence of composite action between glass and metal results in deep frames, protruding to the inside, occupying valuable space and causing visual disruption. In response to the limited performance of conventional systems, an innovative frame-integrated unitized curtain wall is proposed to reduce structural depth to one fifth (80%) allowing an inside flush finish and gaining nettable space. The novel curtain wall is achieved by bonding a pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) frame to the glass producing a composite insulated glass unit (IGU). This paper selects the candidate frame and adhesive materials performing mechanical tests on GFRP pultrusions to characterize strength and elasticity and on GFRP-glass connections to identify failure module and strength. The material test results are used in a computer-based numerical model of a GFRP-glass composite unitized panel to predict the structural performance when subjected to realistic wind loads. The results confirm the reduction to one fifth is possible since the allowable deflections are within limits. It also indicates that the GFRP areas adjacent to the support might require reinforcing to reduce shear stresses.

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Naito, Clay, John Hoemann, Mark Beacraft, and Bryan Bewick. "Performance and Characterization of Shear Ties for Use in Insulated Precast Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels." Journal of Structural Engineering 138, no. 1 (January 2012): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000430.

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Gombeda, Matthew J., Clay J. Naito, and Spencer E. Quiel. "Flexural performance of precast concrete insulated wall panels with various configurations of ductile shear ties." Journal of Building Engineering 33 (January 2021): 101574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101574.

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He, Zhizhou, Peng Pan, Junyu Ren, and Haishen Wang. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Novel I-Shaped GFRP Connectors for Insulated Precast Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels." Journal of Composites for Construction 24, no. 5 (October 2020): 04020040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0001053.

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Arevalo, Sergio, and Douglas Tomlinson. "Experimental thermal bowing response of precast concrete insulated wall panels with stiff shear connectors and simple supports." Journal of Building Engineering 30 (July 2020): 101319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101319.

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Choi, Insub, JunHee Kim, and Young-Chan You. "Effect of cyclic loading on composite behavior of insulated concrete sandwich wall panels with GFRP shear connectors." Composites Part B: Engineering 96 (July 2016): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.04.030.

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Kim, Hye Ran, Dae Hyun Kang, and Hyun Do Yun. "Influence of Insulation Type on In-Plane Shear Behavior of Insulated Concrete Sandwich Panels (ICSP) with GFRP Grid Shear Connectors." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.416.

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This paper reports the experimental results to evaluate in-plane shear performance of insulated concrete sandwich panel (ICSP) with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) grid shear connectors. The variables considered in this study are the grid size (35 and 53mm) of GFRP shear connectors and the types of insulation (expanded polystyrene, EPS and extruded polystyrene with special slots, XPSS). For loading in-plane shear force to interface between inner and outer wall of ICSP system, the ICSP specimens were supported vertically at the bottom edge of the two concrete outer walls by steel blocks. The test results indicate that ICSP with XPSS developed higher shear flow strengths in ICSP with EPS when 35mm spacing of GFRP grid is used. Also, the test results indicated that as the grid spacing of GFRP shear connector decreases, the shear flow strength of ICSP with XPSS insulation was higher, but the shear flow strength of ICSP with EPS insulation was lower.

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Van Linden, Stéphanie, and Nathan Van Den Bossche. "On the feasibility of watertight face-sealed window-wall interfaces." MATEC Web of Conferences 282 (2019): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928202015.

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Watertightness is still a major source of concern in the performance of the building envelope. Even very small deficiencies can cause a significant amount of water leakage which may result in structural degradation or malfunctioning of the insulation. The risk of water infiltration is highest at joints between different building components and in particular at the window-wall interface due to the complexity of these joints. This paper focuses on the performance of different solutions to ensure the watertightness of the window-wall interface, e.g. self-adhesive foils, liquid applied coatings, prefabricated frames, self-expanding sealing strips. The performance of these solutions is evaluated for different wall assemblies, i.e. ETICS, masonry, structural insulated panels and wood-frame construction. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a full-scale test setup with a window of 1,01 m high and 0,56 m wide. Test results showed that it is not evident to obtain watertight face-sealed window-wall interfaces without an additional airtight layer or drainage possibilities. Water ingress was often recorded at lower pressure differences.

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Samsonova, Maria, Elvira Semenova, Christina Kotova, and Leonid Salogub. "Additional heat loss of jamb in enclosing structures." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 03017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126303017.

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One of the urgent problems today is to increase the energy efficiency of civil buildings. There is a need at the design stage to choose structures and design solutions that will compensate for the increasing consumption of energy resources in civil engineering. This article compares different building envelopes used in the construction of residential buildings: a volumetric block and a wall made of aerated concrete blocks. To determine the most energy efficient design solution construction is compared in different climatic regions. One of the most vulnerable places of a wall, from the point of view of energy efficiency, is a window jamb. In this article, an analysis is carried out to determine the construction with the lowest heat loss window jambs. Using the ELCUT software temperature fields and additional heat flux densities are calculated. According to the calculation, the proportion of heat loss due to window slope from heat loss according to the surface of the structure was determined. The heat flux density of the homogeneous section of the wall of the volume block is 1.28 times higher on average than in the aerated concrete wall. Regardless of the climatic conditions, the junction of the window jamb in buildings made of insulated panels of volumetric blocks is more energy efficient than the same junction in a building with aerated concrete walls.

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Szczepański, Marcin, and Wojciech Migda. "Timber frame houses resistant to dynamic loads - seismic analysis." MATEC Web of Conferences 219 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821901001.

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The aim of the article is to present results of seismic analysis results of two real-sized timber frame buildings subjected to seismic excitations. The first model was insulated with mineral wool, the second one with polyurethane foam. Technology and specifications involved in both models construction is based on the previously conducted experimental research on timber frame houses, including wall panels tests, wall numerical models and study on material properties and precisely reflect results of the those research. During the seismic analysis reference node located in buildings were selected. In selected node displacement values were measured and compared between two analyzed models. The results of the numerical analysis presented in the article indicate that the application of polyurethane foam for a skeleton filling of the timber-frame building leads to the increase in stiffness as well as damping of the whole structure, which results in a considerable increase in the seismic resistance of the structure.

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43

Jang, Seok-joon, and Hyun-do Yun. "Effects of insulation types on in-plane shear behavior of insulated concrete sandwich wall panels with GFRP shear connector." Contemporary Engineering Sciences 8 (2015): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ces.2015.516.

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Jang, Seok-Joon, Ho-Ryong Kim, Young-Chan You, and Hyun-Do Yun. "In-plane Shear Responses of Insulated Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels (CSWP) with Corrugated Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Shear Connectors." Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure and Construction 30, no. 3 (March 25, 2014): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5659/jaik_sc.2014.30.3.003.

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45

Redko, Andriy, Igor Redko, Serhii Pavlovskiiy, Nataliia Kulikova, Artem Cherednik, and Oleksandr Redko. "Entropy generation analysis and thermal characteristics of radiation heating system." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2019): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci190216327r.

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This article presents the developed methodology for the numerical simulation of radiation heat transfer from water panel heaters and optimization results of water temperature in the supply pipeline from the mass flow rate of the heat-carrier and the surface area for a given thermal power of the panel system. A numerical mathematical model is developed in the assumption that heat transfer occurs by means of radiation heat exchange by longitudinal ribs and pipes, which are thermally insulated on top. It is assumed that the temperature of the rib base is equal to the temperature of the outer wall of the pipe. The irregularity of the radiation density in different directions depends on the angle and distance to the irradiated area. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology to simulate the heat transfer processes of a radiation panel water heating system and optimization of design and operating parameters. The radiation intensity is determined by a numerical method using the MATLsoftware package. Our results of experimental studies of the radiation flux density are presented and compared with the results of numerical ones. The thermodynamic efficiency of a panel heating system is analyzed using the entropy production method (exergy destruction). The multicriteria optimization of water temperature in the supply pipeline is performed by LP?-search. It is found that the unevenness of surface temperature of panels reaches 24.4% as well as for the panels of about 50m in length a decrease in water temperature to 20K is observed, which leads to the unevenness of radiation flux density over the heated area. The area of the cooling system as a function of water temperature and the conditions under which the entropy production in the system is minimal is determined.

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Jang, Seok-Joon, Tae-Sik Oh, Young-Chan You, Ho-Royng Kim, and Hyun-Do Yun. "Effects of Corrugated GFRP Shear Connector Width and Pitch on In-plane Shear Behavior of Insulated Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels (CSWP)." Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 26, no. 4 (August 30, 2014): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4334/jkci.2014.26.4.421.

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Lawani, Kenneth, Chioma Okoro, Michael Tong, and Billy Hare. "Maximizing Construction of Timber Kit Homes Using Telescopic Crane to Improve Efficiency and Safety: A Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 8, 2020): 10238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410238.

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The challenges of improving efficiency and safety is a daunting task as workers are squeezed with an ever-dwindling resource pool and yet expected to deliver construction projects at optimum capacity. Improving efficiency and safety using telescopic cranes for the construction of Off-Site Manufacturing (OSM) timber kit homes is a viable option for the speedy delivery of new homes. An action research evaluated the maximization of the build and process efficiency and safety using a crane to erect wall panels, floors, and roofs. Data collection through direct observation assessed the labor uptime and downtime, including crane usage. A balanced score card was used by management for strategic organizational decision-making regarding the crane erection. The use of the crane reduced workplace manual handling of OSM panels, minimized the exposure of operatives to work at height risks, and eliminated alterations to scaffolds. However, the manual loading of thermal-insulated plasterboards to floor decks impacted the process efficiency and speed of installing the fixtures and increased the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. High labor downtimes were associated with the adverse weather conditions, which slowed the efficiency of the workforce during construction. The management’s inability to adequately plan the work program further hindered aspects of lifting operations and the speed and number of houses built.

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48

Dick, Kris J., Hossein Safavian, and Grant Rayner. "POWER CONSUMPTION COMPARISON OF FIVE BUILDING ENVELOPES IN THE NORTHERN PRAIRIE CLIMATE OF MANITOBA." Journal of Green Building 9, no. 4 (November 2014): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618-9.4.147.

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The energy efficiency of a building depends on building envelope performance. The results presented in this paper are the first of a long-term building envelope research project at the Alternative Village at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Five test buildings were constructed using the following systems: two wood frames with fiberglass batt insulation and dense pack cellulose, one polyurethane structural insulated panels (PUR SIP), and two with the Stay in place PVC concrete form building system using 102mm and 204mm of concrete externally insulated with 102mm of expanded polystyrene foam. All of the buildings had a common foundation and roof system with a footprint of 23.8 m2. Blower door tests were conducted to determine air tightness. Each structure was heated with an electrical resistance heater and maintained at a constant internal temperature. The thermal gradient through the wall and power consumption were monitored. The study period discussed in this report represents the main heating season from October 2011 to April 2012 consisting of 209 days. Based on the power consumption, the PUR SIP consumed the least at 2498 kWh, while the 204 mm Stay in place PVC concrete form building used the most at 2898 kWh for the same time period. The thermal gradient through the cross section of the wood frame structures was compared through the cavity insulation and at the stud. It was found that the cellulose building provided better thermal resistance along the stud when compared to the fiberglass batt insulation.

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Abdelrady, Ahmed, Mohamed Hssan Hassan Abdelhafez, and Ayman Ragab. "Use of Insulation Based on Nanomaterials to Improve Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in a Hot Desert Climate." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 8, 2021): 5266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095266.

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Building insulation based on nanomaterials is considered one of the most effective means of reducing energy consumption in the hot desert climate. The application of an energy-efficient insulation system can significantly decrease the energy consumed via a building’s air-conditioning system during the summer. Hence, building insulation has become an interesting research topic, especially with regards to the use of insulation based on nanomaterials due to their low U-values. In the present study, the use of nano vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) or polystyrene foam in the walls enabled a significant reduction in the annual energy consumption, a savings of 23% compared to the uninsulated wall in a study in New Aswan City. The application of nanogel glazing to the windows (two layers of clear glass filled with the nanogel) achieved approximately 11% savings in annual energy. This savings, twice that obtained by using double-glazed windows, could be due to the low U-value of nanogel compared to the U-values of argon or air. The embedded nanogel layer between two layers of argon and two layers of single clear glass showed a significant reduction in annual energy consumption, saving 26% compared to the use of a single layer of glass. Moreover, the integration between this window and embedded walls with 50 mm of polystyrene foam exhibited a significant improvement of energy efficiency by 47.6% while presenting the lowest value of simple payback period (SPP). This research provides a way for buildings to be insulated to make them more energy efficient as well as attractive from the economic standpoint.

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Dick, Kris J., and Jeremy Pinkos. "Thermal, Moisture and Energy Performance of a Hempcrete Test Structure in the Northern Prairie Climate of Manitoba, Canada." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.475.

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The processing of industrial hemp, cannabis sativa, results in three basic constituents seed, fibre, and hurd. Within Manitoba the main focus is with seed and oil products. When considering the entire plant approximately 60-70% is the predominantly cellulose woody core called the hurd. A combination of hemp hurd, a binder and water in various proportions is used in the construction of buildings referred to as hempcrete. Hempcrete is used as an environmental barrier providing resistance to heat transfer and to manage moisture of the building envelope. Engineering and architectural designers practicing in the field of non-conventional material applications have clearly indicated a need for design data. This paper presents a portion of research data collected over the past 18 months from a 23.8 m2 (256 ft2) test building on the campus of the University of Manitoba at the Alternative Village. The design temperatures for this location range from-35°C to +32°C. The structure was built using 300 mm thick pre-fabricated hempcrete panels. In addition to indoor and exterior ambient conditions, the temperature is monitored at 40 locations within the envelope - at the interior, middle and exterior providing a profile through the wall system. Similarly, the relative humidity is monitored within the wall and used in conjunction with a sorption isotherm to estimate the moisture content within the assembly. The building is kept at a constant temperature during the heating season with the energy consumption monitored continuously. This building is one of several on the test site that are all identical in terms of size and configuration. This paper will provide a comparison between the thermal, moisture and energy performance of the hempcrete structure and a conventional wood frame, batt-insulated building that represents the vernacular construction in Manitoba.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Insulated wall panels'

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