Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Insuline – Administration'
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Rollin, Bénédicte. "Les stylos injecteurs d'insuline : enquête auprès des diabétiques utilisateurs." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P237.
Full textGuillat, Corinne. "Place du stylo à insuline dans le traitement du diabète sucré." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11114.
Full textSaslawski, Olivier. "Systèmes à libération pulsée d'insuline à partir de matrices polymériques hydrophiles (système magnétique, système thermique)." Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA114811.
Full textStahl, Olivier. "Le stylo injecteur d'insuline, comparaison avec les autres systèmes d'aministration insulinique." Strasbourg 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR15083.
Full textCallet, Adeline. "Administration orale d'insuline par double encapsulation : développement du système nanoparticulaire par coacervation complexe insuline/chitosane." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/CALLET_Adeline_2010.pdf.
Full textDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which affects more than 3 millions people in France. Translated by a loss of glycaemia control, its current treated by daily insulin injections entailing discomfort of patients. Other administrations way have been developed and the oral route constitute the most physiological, comfortable and best accepted by patients. Nevertheless, physico-chemical constraints can lead to lose hypoglyceamiant activity of insulin. To avoid it, a pharmaceutical complex vector was developed by double encapsulation: a vehicle bringing a gastric protection and nanoparticles bringing an intestinal protection. By this way, encapsulated insulin in nanoparticles is protected from the intestinal environment and can then cross intestinal barrier to join the blood circulation to be released. These nanoparticles were obtained by complex coacervation with chitosan, a natural and biocompatible polymer. Nevertheless, its low solubility at physiological pH makes its complexation with insulin difficult. Two different water-soluble chitosan derivatives were formed: one obtained by chemical modifications, N-, O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCC) and one chitosan salt, chitosan chlorhydrate. A detailed characterization of these two water-soluble derivatives allows insulin complexation at physiological pH. A complexation study made for these two compounds allows the definition of a complexation area where nanoparticles were formed. They had shown average size from 300 to 500 nm, positive charge (+40 mV) and encapsulation efficiency of 85-90 %. In vitro studies allowed to show nanoparticles stability as well as intestinal resistance. Their biological properties were verified by in vivo experiments on diabetic rats, showing the conservation of insulin biological activity and ability to induce glycaemia decrease going to normoglycaemia in 8 hours. Nanoparticles obtained with two water-soluble chitosan derivatives, protect insulin (conservation of biological activity) from the intestinal environment and allow it to cross intestinal barrier. These results permit the validation of insulin encapsulation by complex coacervation concept. Hence nanoparticles can be included in the complex pharmaceutical vector to be administered by oral way
LAMBOLEZ, ANNE-MARIE. "Evolution des formes galeniques et mode d'administration de l'insuline." Strasbourg 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR15029.
Full textMarambat, Isabelle. "Réaction œdémateuse à la mise en route d'une thérapie insulinique." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25132.
Full textDiop, Mouhamadou. "Formulation, développement et validation de systèmes particulaires d'insuline en vue de leur administration par voie orale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ081/document.
Full textInsulinotherapy helps diabetics to regulate their glycaemia. This thesis is part of the ORAIL Bis project which aims to develop an oral insulin delivery system based on the double encapsulation of insulin. The developed vector is composed of a capsule containing insulin loaded particles (NPs) formulated with chitosan (CS) by complex coacervation or poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) by double emulsion solvent evaporation. The objectives of the thesis are to stabilize chitosan NPs by crosslinking and freeze-drying, increase the bioavailability of NPs PLGA by mucoadhesion and transpose them to the industrial scale. Results showed that the combination of both strategies reduces the size of CS NPs, maintain a positive charge, give them stability and bioefficacy. Mucoadhesion failed to increase the bioavailability of PLGA NPs. A negative charge allows to improve their biological efficacy and are transposed to industrial scale. The encapsulation of these NPs in an alginate capsule allowed to validate in vivo the concept of double encapsulation of insulin
ABOUBAKAR, MALAM. "Nanocapsules de poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) chargees en insuline : contribution a la comprehension du mecanisme d'action apres administration orale (doctorat : pharmacotechnie et biopharmacie)." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA114829.
Full textReix, Nathalie. "Administration orale d'insuline : validation in vitro et in vivo d'un système basé sur une double encapsulation de l'insuline." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA2495.
Full textThe purpose of this study was to develop a new formulation of oral insulin. Normally, peptide hormones like insulin are given by parenteral injections routes because they are destroyed by the acid and proteolytic enzymes in stomach and intestine. Our project focuses on insulin double encapsulation for oral administration. The first system of encapsulation of insulin is based on Poly(Lactide-co-Glycolide) Acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. This should allow the uptake and the transport across mucosal intestinal barrier. These nanoparticles are put in a gastroresistant capsule made of Eudragit® L100-55. After synthesis, the size of nanoparticles is 165 ±4 nm and the rate of encapsulation is around 95%. In vitro, the absorption has been quantify by flow cytometry and visualized by confocal microscopy. A clathrin dependant endocytosis pathway mechanism has been demonstrated. In vivo, the biofunctionnality of the nanoparticles was evaluated after subcutaneous injections. After nanoparticles gastric force feeding no effect was seen on the glycemia because nanoparticles are not gastroresistant. We measured the kinetic of the glycemia and the biofunctionnality of NP in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after intra-duodenal injections of insulin nanoparticles and intraperitoneal injections of insulin. The bioavaibility was evaluated after quantification of the C-peptidemia after intra-peritoneal injections of C-peptide and after intraduodenal injections of the same quantity of encapsulated C-peptide. Intraduodenal injections of insulin nanoparticles induce a significant decrease of glycemia 8h after injection. In comparison with intra-peritoneal injections, results showed that nanoparticles’ biofunctionnality is at less 20% and the biodisponibility is 6,3%. PLGA insulin-loaded nanoparticles are efficient and the biological effect of insulin is preserved. These polymeric particles allow the absorption of insulin through intestinal mucosa into the bloodstream. Thus this new delivery insulin formulation seems to be an interesting approach
Magisson, Jordan. "Validation préclinique de dispositifs implantables de délivrance d’insuline et d’encapsulation de cellules pour le traitement du diabète de type 1." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022STRAJ097.
Full textCurrent treatments for type 1 diabetes aims to normalize glycemia via insulin therapy or pancreas and islet grafts. However, these approaches are limited by non-physiological administration route for insulin therapy and use of immune-suppresive drugs for grafts.To overpass these limitations, our work focused on validation of a physiological insulin delivery device and a cell encapsulation device which is immune protective.We demonstrated efficacy of our insulin delivery device, which was well tolerated in both small and large animal models, allowing efficient correction of glycemia via an hepatic first pass. Our cell encapsulation device, thanks to its pre-vascularization period, ensured survival and sustained function of insulin secreting cells on diabetic rats. In parallel, the device prevented formation by the recepient, of antibodies against encapsulated cells.Taken together, these data allow to consider these two approach as potential new treatments for type one diabetes
Cots-Pons, Suzanne. "Intérêt et place de l'infusion insulinique intraveineuse dans le diabète insulino requérant de l'obèse." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11277.
Full textSublon, Véronique. "Intérêt de l'infusion insulinique continue dans le traitement du diabète insulinodépendant." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10526.
Full textFong, Michèle. "Intérêt d'une insulinothérapie intensive dans le diabète non insulino-dépendant sous anti-diabétiques oraux, déséquilibré : étude rétrospective de 36 sujets traités par pompe sous-cutanée d'insuline." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M122.
Full textSankaranarayanan, Thampi Sajeesh. "Development of advanced drug delivery systems based on polymethacrylic acid nano/microparticles for oral insulin delivery." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA114805.
Full textThe work carried out in this thesis was aimed to develop polymer micro- and nanoparticles for the oral administration of insulin. A method of radical polymerization was optimized to design micro and nanoparticles with a hydrogel forming polymer, poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA). The particles were further modified by the grafting of cystein residues in order to introduce thiol functions which are believed to reinforce mucoadhesive and permeation enhancing properties of the formulation. The particles showed interesting loading properties for insulin and the release of the hormone was found to be pH dependent. Although insulin was mainly retained by the hydrogel particle in releasing medium mimicking the gastric environment, the hormone was released in conditions found in the intestine. The formulated systems have shown to improve the absorption of insulin through the intestinal mucosa in in vitro models including Caco 2 cell monolayers and the Ussing chambers. The microparticles selected from the in vitro experiments for in vivo studies have shown a capacity to deliver active insulin through the oral route to diabetic rats producing a reduction of the glycemia. Tests performed with modified insulin have allowed to identify that among the two strategies followed, this consisting on the association of insulin with a cyclodextrin was the most promising while the one based on the formation of an insulin-PEG conjugate did not brought any benefice
Potier, Grégory Brouard-Orzechowski Christine. "Évaluation d'une cohorte d'enfants diabétiques de type I traités selon un schéma basal-bolus en relais d'un schéma conventionnel." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0248495.pdf.
Full textMalardé, Ludivine. "Activité physique et produits dérivés du soja : intérêts dans la prise en charge du stress oxydant associé au diabète de type 1." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00775870.
Full textBouix, Olivier. "Etude immunogénétique des rémissions du diabète sucré insulino-dépendant." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11259.
Full textBergerot, Isabelle. "Prévention du diabète autoimmun de la souris NOD par l'insuline et l'IGF-1." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO1T201.
Full textGuhmann, Pauline. "Délivrance orale d'insuline par double encapsulation : développement et évaluation de l'efficacité et de la sécurité des systèmes entériques et nanoparticulaires." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01071851.
Full textPérez, Herrera Norma Maria. "Passage à l'insuline chez les aînés diabétiques de type 2." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24234/24234.pdf.
Full textBenoudiz, Aline-Claire. "L'autosurveillance glycémique chez le patient diabétique : étude des matériels utilisés en France." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P005.
Full textFrachon, Thibaut. "Agrégation des protéines thérapeutiques à l'interface triple solide/liquide/air : application aux procédés industriels de production, stockage et d'administration." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY070/document.
Full textDue to the high specificity of their interactions, proteins are increasingly used in therapy and represent a vast majority of the global pharmaceutical market. Nevertheless, these molecules are fragile and therapeutic protein stability is a major concern in pharmaceutical industry. Protein degradation and aggregation can occur at every step during production, storage, transport and delivery. In this thesis, we interrogate the possible role of intermittent wetting in protein aggregation. Intermittent wetting frequently occurs in protocols involving pumping (cavitation), agitation, and liquid handling. During intermittent wetting, the air/liquid and liquid/solid interfaces meet at a triple line or triple interface, which is a local trigger for protein aggregation because it concentrates the mechanical action of the recessing fluid on the surface adsorbed proteins. We study the effect of surface intermittent wetting on insulin aggregation. Our results demonstrate that the triple interface line, where an air/water interface meets a hydrophobic surface, allows progressive protein accumulation, and finally triggers local insulin aggregation. We also show that shear stress, alone, is not detrimental for protein stability. Additionally, Additives such as polysorbates were tested, showing that the modification of the surface tension of a protein solution impacts its ability to form aggregates. Based on this work, we propose recommendations for the design of drug delivery and preparation devices in order to limit the risk of protein aggregation at the triple interface
Ancla, Christophe. "Microgels sensibles au glucose pour la delivrance d’insuline." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14182/document.
Full textBioresponsive hydrogels can change many of their physical properties in response to the recognition of a target in the solution. In particular, changes in hydrogel swelling lead in turn to controllable changes in shape, volume, pore size, mechanical and optical properties. We focus our research on the development of glucose-responsive microgels which hold promising interest in the field of both sensing and drug delivery. These cross-linked polymer particles, made of highly swollen networks, can swell proportionally to the concentration of glucose in the surrounding medium. Since they are porous, they can entrap a drug and release it a rate dependent on their swelling degree, which is of particular interest in the case of insulin as a drug. Such systems could be used as self-regulated insulin delivery systems for diabetes treatment. With that aim, we have designed microgels able to sense glucose concentrations in the patho-physiological range, under physiological conditions. Insulin was successfully loaded into the nanogels and was shown to be released at a rate dependent on glucose concentration. Furthermore, microgels with a controlled internal structure were synthesized, such as core-shell microgels and capsules. These latter developments led to improvements in terms of insulin encapsulation efficiency and glucose-triggered delivery. Besides, other nanogel formulations were investigated, in order to improve both their biocompatibility as well as the selectivity of their response to glucose compared to other saccharides
Labie, Helene. "Etude multi-échelle d'hydrogels stimulables d'acide hyaluronique pour la délivrance d'insuline." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0859/document.
Full textThis work aims to evaluate potential glucose sensitive hydrogels formulations as new medicine to treat diabetes. The gels have to be biocompatible and bioresorbable in vivo. To do so, we choose matrices of polysaccharide enzymatically degradable made of hyaluronic acid (HA). Crosslinking of the HA is done by radical polymerization reactions using methacrylates or thiol-ene chemistry. Glucose sensitivity is introduced thanks to phenylboronic acid moieties (PBA). PBAs are known for their ability to create reversible bonding with diols from saccharides. Two kind of gels are studied: simples ones where PBAs are grafted on the matrix, and doubly crosslinked ones where maltose groups grafted on HA form a second network, which can dissociate upon glucose addition. We investigated the ability of these materials to encapsulate and deliver insulin with the good pharmacokinetics. As kinetics depend on gel sizes, we worked at different scales, from macroscopic to nanometric scale, which allows release in the blood stream. Nano and microgels are prepared thanks to water-in-oil emulsions using respectively high pressure homogeneiser or microfluidic devices. Droplets formed are used as nano/microreactors where crosslinking of modified HA is photoinitiated. Micrometric scale is chosen to study interactions between insulin and model proteins with gel matrices, using confocal microscopy. This technique allows to study composition and structural effects. Encapsulation and release of proteins are studied as well as swelling variations. Then, encapsulation and release of insulin upon addition of monosaccharide is investigated quantitatively for macrogels, after formulation optimization
Salle, Agnès. "Métabolisme énergétique chez l'obèse et le diabetique de type 2." Angers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ANGE0054.
Full textWeight change in type 2 diabetic patients (T2D) is distinctive with an inclination towards weight gain with insulin, and conversely a difficulty in weight loss in weight reduction programmes. Our results show that after one year of insulin treatment, resultant weight gain is composed primarly of fat-free mass and it appears not to incrase cardivascular risk. Our results also show that in the early stage of their disease, T2D lose the same amount of weight as obese nondiabetic patients and that in both cases there is non whole body or mitochondrial energy metabolism adaptation that can explain the stabilisation of weight observed from the 5th month onwards. Furthermore, there is no specific adaptation of energy metabolism in T2D as their basal metabolism is not any different to that of obese nondiabetic patients or after weight loss. Insulin resistance is not a determinant of energy metabolism
Socha, Marie. "Apport des nanotechnologies dans le domaine des peptides et des protéines : Application à l’absorption par voie orale et à la furtivité." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10118/document.
Full textNanoparticles are innovative dosage forms in drug delivery. They can act as prolonged release dosage forms but they also have the potentiality to target specific physiological compartments after in vivo administration. This thesis is based on the preparation of nanoparticles according to a double emulsion process. The nanoparticles are formed of two biocompatible polymers: poly-e-caprolactone and a polyacrylic and polycationic polymer (Eudragit® RS). The first part describes the development of insulin-loaded nanoparticles able to release insulin both in vitro and in vivo. It has been demonstrated that such nanoparticles incorporated high amounts of insulin and were able to display a hypoglycemic activity after oral administration. It is well known that the major drawback of diabetes treatment remains the injectable administration route for insulin. The ability to administer insulin orally would be a tremendous progress in the field of diabetes. Our prepared nanoparticles have demonstrated their ability to reduce blood glucose in diabetic rats after oral administration. It is believed that the positively charged insulin-loaded nanoparticles may interact with the negatively charged mucus and create a high local gradient concentration which would favor the intestine permeation. The second part of the thesis was devoted to the development of stealth nanoparticles able to avoid the recognition by the mononuclear phagocytosis system after intravenous administration. The objective was to create a new system based on the formation of electrostatic interactions between heparin, a polyanionic glycosaminoglycane, and Eudragit® RS, polycationic polymer. The stealth potential has been demonstrated by increasing the in vivo plasma half-life of two drugs namely propranolol hydrochloride and insulin
Sheikh, Hassan Ahmed. "Microparticules à libération prolongée et réduisant la libération intiale prématurée." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10128/document.
Full textMultiparticular injectable dosage forms present a burst effect known to lead to i) a systemic toxicoligal critical issue if blood concentrations of the drug are too high and ii) a change in the release profile due to a lower loading charge in microparticles. In order to solve this problem, composite microparticles have been developed: they consist in nanoparticles encapsulated in microparticles. Such a concept has been demonstrated in vitro by encapsulating poly(epsiloncaprolactone) nanoparticles in a non-biodegradable polymeric matrix with two model drugs: a small molecular weight drug (ibuprofene) and a peptide (triptorelin acetate). The novelty of the research work lies on the adequate choice of polymers and solvents used for microparticles manufacturing. Indeed, the solvent used to manufacture microparticles has to be a non-solvent of the nanoparticles polymer. Ethyl acetate was a good candidate since it does not dissolve poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanoparticles but is an excellent solvent for ethylcellulose and the polycationic polymer used in the first part of the work. Based on in vitro release studies, it was demonstrated that composite microparticles allowed the initial release to be strongly reduced together with a prolonged release. In a second part, the burst release reduction has been confirmed in vivo in rats with 2 drug models: ibuprofen and insulin. However, the microparticles polymer matrix was replaced by a biodegradable copolymer made of lactic and glycolic acids. It has been demonstrated that the novel composite microparticles were an innovative dosage form able to control the initial burst release often associated to microparticles after sub-cutaneous or intramuscular administration while still maintaining the prolonged release of the encapsulated drugs. Such a result can be associated with the more difficult diffusion of the drug through the two consecutive polymeric barriers of nanoparticles and microparticles
Abdul-Nour, Faraj. "Étude et conception des pompes implantables mécaniques pour l'administration de médicaments." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD149.
Full textCzuba, Elodie. "Développement de nouveaux systèmes nanoparticulaires pour l'administration de bio-médicaments par voie orale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ072/document.
Full textBiologics are administrated by parenteral route due to their degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. This administration mode leads to lowadherence, showed by the low adherence for chronic diseases treatment. In order to increase adherence by reducing pain and adverse effects associated with treatment we developed a double encapsulation system to protect and increase biologic absorption for a future oral administration. Our system consists in encapsulated biologics inside PLGA nanoparticles (NPs), themselves encapsulated inside a gastroresistant vehicle. The aim of this work was to improve the system efficiency with insulin by NPs charges modification and intestinal release reduction and to transfer the technology to another molecule: the heparin. Negative charges improved the intestinal nanoparticle crossing as shown by the insulinopenic rat model with a decrease of glycaemia. To stabilize the NPs system in intestinal medium, a hyaluronic acid coating was tested and validated in vitro. When transferred to another biologics, we showed similar NPs chacacteristics with heparin than with insulin, revealing the transposition of our technic
Messager, Léa. "Nanogels de polysaccharides pour la délivrance d’insuline." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14690/document.
Full textNanogels are an attractive class of delivery systems. These soft particles, made of highly swollen polymer network, can physically entrap a drug and release it at a rate depending on its diffusion though the network. Therefore, any change in the swelling degree can trigger the release kinetics. This parameter can be tuned by modifying the density of cross-links in the gel matrix or by changing the environmental conditions such as pH, temperature or analyte such as glucose. Thus, glucose-responsive nanogels are good candidates to be used as self-regulated systems for insulin delivery. To fulfill both biocompatibility and biodegradability criteria, our attention has been focused on the design of new nanogels made of polysaccharides, in particular made of hyaluronic acid (HA), as a main constituent. HA was at first covalently modified with polymerizable methacrylate functions and confined in nanoreactors during photopolymerization using water-in-oil miniemulsions as template. Biodegradable nanogels with a well-defined size and various cross-linking degrees were thus achieved, thanks to a good control of 1) the chemical modification of HA with methacrylates (degree of methacrylation) 2) the emulsion template (size, stability), 3) the photopolymerization conditions which governed the conversion rate of the polymerization. Further modification of the polysaccharide with phenylboronic acid as a glucose-sensitive group yielded nanogels whose swelling behavior could vary as a function of glucose concentration. These systems were further studied as insulin delivery systems. Moreover, their biodegradability, stability and biocompatibility were assessed
Giachino, Daniel. "Impairment of insulin sensitiviy during administration of a calcium channel blocker /." Bern, 1991. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Full textCheetham, Tim D. "The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus during adolescence : studies of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I) administration." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34300.
Full textLewandowski, Krzysztof Cezary. "The leptin system in health and disease : the impact of pregnancy in normal and type 1 diabetic subjects, the effects of hyperinsulinaemia, glucocorticoid excess, glycaemic control and growth hormone administration." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369404.
Full textNorman, James Jefferis. "Development and clinical translation of microneedles for insulin delivery and self-vaccination." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53149.
Full textBradley, Helen Elizabeth. "Glucose transporter 4 and localisation in skeletal muscle : the effect of glucose and insulin administration, acute exercise and exercise training." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4832/.
Full textRichter, Jennifer Jo. "Gene expression during skeletal muscle development affect of in ovo IGF-1 administration on broiler embryogenesis and postnatal myogenesis in the mouse /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2517.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 118 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
SAKAMOTO, NOBUO, TATSUO TAMAGAWA, HIRONOBU KAKUTA, TAKAHIDE NOMURA, TAKEHIDE KUNIEDA, HIROSHI SHINODA, KIYOJI OHARA, NIGISHI HOTTA, and TADAKAZU HATTORI. "Pancreatic α- and β-Cell Function and Metabolic Changes during Oral L-Alanine and Glucose Administration: Comparative Studies between Normal, Diabetic and Cirrhotic Subjects." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17506.
Full textOgura, Kasane. "Oral Administration of Apple Procyanidins Ameliorates Insulin Resistance via Suppression of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Liver of Diabetic ob/ob Mice." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225979.
Full textBigot, Claude. "Effets d'un diabete non insulino dependant (type ii) sur la masse osseuse au cours du vieillissement et apres administration d'un regime hyperglucidique chez le rat." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05M031.
Full textRuivo, Gilson Fernandes. "Estudo dos mecanismos envolvidos na redução da sensibilidade à insulina decorrente da restrição crônica de sal: o sistema nervoso simpático e a via 1-arginina - óxido nítrico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-18042007-084025/.
Full textChronic dietary salt restriction is recommended as non-pharmacological measure of hypertension treatment. One of the observed effects of this therapeutic measure is the blood pressure (BP) decrease in normotensive subjects and in hypertensive patients, and also in laboratory animals. Another side effects observed are disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Salt restriction induced higher C-peptide and insulin levels, without changes on plasma glucose, and lower glucose uptake by the tissues in normotensive subjects and in hypertensive patients, and also in laboratory animals, suggesting an insulin resistant state. Other consequences of salt restriction are higher plasma levels of cholesterol and triacylglycerols. Some studies have disclosed opposite results. With the objective to better understand these phenomena, a study was developed in our laboratory, that showed that male Wistar rats on chronic salt restriction presented higher insulin plasma levels measured during a glucose tolerance test, without insulin resistance in isolated adipocytes measured by the EC50 of the insulin - glucose uptake curve. It was not clear in this study if this phenomenon was restricted to the evaluated tissue or if it was a phenomenon in the whole animal. With these results, another study was developed in our laboratory. Analyzing the whole animal, chronic salt restriction in male Wistar rats was associated with lower insulin sensitivity measured by a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (CLAMP) in anesthetized rats. Higher body weight (BW) and adipose tissue mass was also observed. With the objective to understand the involved mechanisms in the lower insulin sensitivity due to dietary salt restriction, weight was paired among animals on low (LSD), normal (NSD) or high (HSD) salt diet, and even without BW difference, salt restricted animals were still insulin resistants. In another step, renin angiotensin system blockade with captopril (angiotensin enzyme conversion inhibitor) or losartan (angiotensin II type I receptor antagonist) was performed. It was observed that captopril, but not losartan, improved insulin sensitivity. Another consequence of salt restriction is a higher sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and a lower L-arginine (LA) / nitric oxide (NO) pathway activity. The objective of this study was to verify if SNS and LA / NO are mechanisms involved in the lower insulin sensitivity due to chronic salt restriction. Male Wistar rats received LSD, NSD, or HSD since weaning until adulthood. In the 12th week of age, catheters were inserted and three to five days latter, a CLAMP was performed in awaked rats. On the day of the experiment, after six hours fasting, blood samples were collected and metabolic and hemodynamic measures were done. At this moment, a group of rats received prazosin and propranolol for SNS blockade and another group received vehicle. A third group of animals received LA and a fourth group received D-arginine (DA). Another group of rats only on HSD received diltiazen (calcium channel blocker). Fourty five minutes after drug infusion the CLAMP was started. BW, plasma glucose, insulin, lipids, and nitrate/nitrite (NOx), systolic BP (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were measured. BW was higher on LSD than on NSD and HSD. BW was also higher on NSD than HSD. Basal plasma glucose and insulin were higher during salt restriction than on NSD and HSD. SBP and DBP were higher on HSD than on NSD and LSD, and HR was higher on LSD than on NSD and HSD. Cholesterol (CHOL) and triacylglycerol (TAG) plasma levels were higher on salt restriction. LSD rats presented lower insulin sensitivity compared to animals on NSD or HSD. SNS blockade corrected effect of salt on glucose uptake. SNS blockade had no influence on glucose levels but reduced the higher plasma insulin in LSD rats, without differences in insulin levels between diets at the start of the CLAMP. LA improved the lower glucose uptake observed in LSD rats, with no influence on the rats on NSD or HSD. Diltiazen had no effect on insulin sensitivity. SNS blockade reduced SBP and DBP in rats on the three diets, with an intense BP fall on HSD rats at the start of the CLAMP. Diltiazen reduced SBP and DBP. DA had no influence in SBP and DBP. On the other hand, LA decreased SBP and DBP only in salt overloaded rats and reduced the higher HR observed on salt restricted rats. SNS blockade and LA infusion reduced the higher TAG concentration at the end of the CLAMP, which was not observed in vehicle and DA groups. COL level was not influenced by drug infusion. During salt restriction, lower plasma NOx was observed compared to salt overload. LA infusion promoted plasma NOx increment at the end of the CLAMP. At the end of the CLAMP, no difference was observed in plasma NOx among the rats on the three salt diets and infused with LA. Plasma NOx was lower in rats in the DA group. In conclusion, SNS blockade and LA/NO pathway activation improved the metabolic effects due to chronic dietary salt restriction.
Von, Zuben Eliete de Souza. "Lipossomas funcionalizados com peptídeos de transdução de membrana para administração intranasal de insulina no tratamento do diabetes mellitus /." Araraquara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183625.
Full textResumo: O diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma síndrome metabólica caracterizada por deficiência na produção/secreção pancreática de insulina e/ou resistência à ação do hormônio nos tecidos alvo, resultando em hiperglicemia. Diversas pesquisas têm desencadeado o desenvolvimento de novos sistemas de administração de insulina que possibilitem a utilização de vias alternativas à parenteral, com destaque à administração de insulina por via nasal. Esta via tem-se mostrado promissora, pois pode promover uma rápida absorção do fármaco e aumentar a sua biodisponibilidade. Entretanto, existem mecanismos de depuração mucociliar que limitam a administração de fármacos, além da baixa permeabilidade do epitélio nasal, o qual dificulta a absorção de fármacos com alto massa molar. Uma estratégia para vencer tais barreiras é a utilização de sistemas nanoestruturados (lipossomas), pois são amplamente utilizados para o aperfeiçoamento da potencialização da ação terapêutica de fármacos. Além disso estes lipossomas foram funcionalizados com peptídeos de transdução de membrana (CPPs), tais como os peptídeos TAT e Penetratin (PNT), que atuam como promotores da penetração e absorção do fármaco, com posterior dispersão em hidrogel de hidroxietilcelulose. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e caracterizar lipossomas contendo solução de insulina, funcionalizados com CPPs (TAT e PNT) e dispersos em hidrogel, avaliar o potencial pela via nasal, in vivo, para a melhora dos níveis séricos e efeito hipoglicemiante d... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Custódio, Gabrielle Racoski. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização de nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas modificadas com ácido hialurônico para administração oral de insulina." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3932.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Estado do Paraná (FA)
The oral administration of insulin stands out as the most convenient, simple and compatible way for patients, since it provides comfort and it can control the glucose homeostasis. This study produced and evaluated a polymer-lipid nanotransporter for the oral delivery of insulin by double emulsion and solvent emulsification/evaporation using ethyl palmitate and hyaluronic acid (HA) of 13 and 55 kDa. The nanoparticles showed an average diameter of 300 nm, negative surface charge, encapsulation efficiency of 35% and they were thermally stable when analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. The in vitro release with simulated gastrointestinal fluids demonstrated the protection ability to encapsulated insulin. The nanoparticles have shown to be safe at potential therapeutic concentrations, since they did not cause cytotoxicity to intestinal epithelial cells. Finally, the permeability of nanoencapsulated insulin through Caco-2 monolayers and Caco-2/HT29-MTX model correlated with the slow release rates and did not show differences between them. These results indicated that the molar weight of HA did not show differences in both the characterization and the therapeutic response of the prepared nanoparticles, which could be considered as a good carrier for the oral administration of insulin.
A administração oral da insulina destaca-se como o modo mais conveniente, simples e compatível com o paciente, pois proporciona conforto e é capaz de controlar a homeostase glicídica. Neste estudo foi produzido e avaliado um nanotransportador lipídico polimérico para a entrega oral da insulina por meio de dupla emulsão e emulsificação/evaporação do solvente utilizando etilpalmitato e ácido hialurônico (HA) de 13 e 55 kDa. As nanopartículas apresentaram diâmetro médio em torno de 300nm, carga superficial negativa, eficiência de encapsulação de 35% e apresentaram-se estáveis termicamente quando analisadas pela calorimetria diferencial de varredura. A liberação in vitro com fluidos gastrointestinais simulados demonstrou a capacidade de proteção à insulina encapsulada. As nanopartículas mostraram-se seguras em potenciais concentrações terapêuticas, uma vez que não originaram citotoxicidade para as células epiteliais intestinais. Por último, a permeabilidade da insulina nanoencapsulada através de monocamadas Caco-2 e modelo Caco-2:HT29-MTX correlacionaram-se com as taxas de liberação lenta e não apresentam diferenças entre si. Esses resultados indicaram que o peso molar do HA não apresentou diferenças tanto na caracterização quanto na resposta terapêutica das nanopartículas preparadas, podendo estas serem consideradas como um bom transportador para administração oral de insulina.
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Full textBernard, Annie. "La mission catholique des Îles-de-la-Madeleine (1792-1846) : structuration institutionnelle et encadrement religieux en milieu insulaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17972.
Full textGupta, Jyoti. "Microneedles for transdermal drug delivery in human subjects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34770.
Full textLagarde, Louis. "Peuplement, dynamiques internes et relations externes dans un ensemble géographique cohérent de Mélanésie insulaire : l'exemple de l'Ile des Pins en Nouvelle-Calédonie." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010715.
Full textPuurunen, J. (Johanna). "Androgen secretion and cardiovascular risk factors in women with and without PCOS:studies on age-related changes and medical intervention." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526208091.
Full textTiivistelmä Monirakkulainen munasarjaoireyhtymä (PCOS) on hedelmällisessä iässä olevien naisten yleisin hormonaalinen ongelma. Tyypillisiä PCOS:n oireita ovat munarakkuloiden epäsäännöllisestä kypsymisestä johtuvat kuukautiskierron häiriöt ja miessukuhormonien eli androgeenien liikatuotanto. Hedelmällisyyttä heikentävien oireiden lisäksi PCOS:än liittyy aineenvaihdunnan ongelmia, kuten heikentynyttä sokerinsietoa sekä taipumus rasva-aineenvaihdunnan häiriöihin ja krooniseen tulehdukseen. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin ikääntymisen ja vaihdevuosien vaikutuksia lisämunuais- ja munasarjaperäiseen androgeenieritykseen 79 PCOS-naisella ja 98 terveellä naisella. Lisäksi tutkittiin eri yhdistelmäehkäisyvalmisteiden antoreittien (suu, iho, emätin) (n=42, terveet naiset, 9 viikkoa) ja atorvastatiinihoidon (n=28, PCOS-naiset, 6 kuukautta) vaikutuksia androgeenitasoihin ja aineenvaihdunnallisiin muuttujiin. Androgeenieritystä tutkittiin lisämunuaisten ja munasarjojen stimulaatiotesteillä ja sokeriaineenvaihdunnan muutoksia suun kautta ja suonensisäisesti tehtävillä sokerirasituskokeilla. Tulehduksellista tilaa mitattiin määrittämällä C-reaktiivisen proteiinin ja pentraksiini-3:n pitoisuuksia. Lisämunuaisten ja munasarjojen androgeenieritys oli PCOS-naisilla lisääntynyt terveisiin naisiin verrattuna, ja ero säilyi vaihdevuosi-iän jälkeen. PCOS-naisilla esiintyi myös enemmän heikentynyttä sokerinsietoa ja kroonista tulehdusta vielä vaihdevuosi-iän jälkeenkin. Hormonaalinen yhdistelmäehkäisy heikensi insuliiniherkkyyttä sekä pahensi pitkäaikaista tulehdusta annostelureitistä riippumatta. Atorvastatiinihoito puolestaan paransi pitkäaikaista tulehdusta sekä rasva-aineenvaihduntaa PCOS-naisilla, mutta huononsi sokerinsietoa ja insuliiniherkkyyttä eikä sillä ollut vaikutusta testosteronitasoihin. Koska poissulkukriteerit olivat tiukat, tutkimuksiin valikoitui varsin terveitä PCOS-naisia. Siitä huolimatta osoittautui, että PCOS:än liittyvä lisääntynyt androgeenituotanto sekä epäedulliset aineenvaihdunnan muutokset jatkuvat vielä vaihdevuosi-iän jälkeen. Hormonaalisen yhdistelmäehkäisyn käytön aikana olisi hyvä seurata sokeriaineenvaihdunnan muutoksia erityisesti niillä naisilla, joilla on kohonnut riski sairastua aikuistyypin diabetekseen. Atorvastatiinihoito huonontaa PCOS-naisilla insuliiniherkkyyttä, minkä vuoksi hoito tulisi aloittaa vain yksilöllisen riskiarvion perusteella
Karelis, Antony D. "Study of the mechanisms by which carbohydrate administration during prolonged muscle contractions increases performance = Étude des mécanismes par lesquels l'administration de glucides améliore la performance durant des contractions prolongées du muscle." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15430.
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