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Moster, David A. "Intake Manifold Design for an Air Restricted Engine." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353342193.
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Holmgren, Anders. "Mean Value Modelling of the intake manifold temperature." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-61.
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The emission legislations and the new On Board Diagnostics (OBD) legislations are becoming more strict and making the demands on control and fault detection higher. One way to
control and diagnose the engine is to use a control/diagnose strategy based on physical models and therefore better models are necessary. Also, to be competitive and meet the markets demand of higher power, longer durability and better fuel economy, the models needs to be improved continuously. In this thesis a mean value model of the intake system that predicts the charge air temperature has been developed. Three models of different complexity for the intercooler heat-exchanger have been investigated and validated with various results. The suggested intercooler heat-exchanger model is implemented in the mean value model of the intake system and the whole model is validated on three different data sets. The model predicts the intake manifold temperature with a maximum absolute error of 10.12 K.
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Russell, John D. "On automotive engine intake manifold dynamic modeling, estimation, and control /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488202678774129.
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Borger, Hendrik. "Model development for large scale intake manifold optimization using CFD." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanisk värmeteori och strömningslära, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139474.
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Continued improvement of combustion engines to operate with lower fuel usage and lower harmful emissions leads to more and more complex engine designs. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a method which helps predicting engine performance, reducing the reliance on engine tests. CFD can be used to optimise a geometry using a design of experiments (DOE). This study focuses on developing a simulation method to use for such large scale optimisation of air intake manifolds. The main focus in this study was the difference in flow quantities such as swirl number and pressure drop between the different cylinders for a given manifold. Four different simulation approaches were tested: one steady-state, two transient and one transient with a moving mesh. These simulation methods were tested on five different geometries based on a six cylinder, 13L spark ignited (Otto) combustion engine and a six cylinder, 13L compression ignited (Diesel) combustion engine. The five geometries were compared using the different simulation methods, with the main goal of determining if the different simulation methods provide the same optimal geometry. The most complex simulation model, the transient simulation with moving mesh, was chosen as main reference case in absence of experimental results. Results of this mock design of experiments show that the different simulation approaches do not perform consistently enough to recommend using any of the tested methods in further optimisation studies. While the various methods showed significantly different results when comparing the differences in flow parameters between cylinders, using the steady-state or transient methods to predict the flow parameters in a single cylinder is a viable approach. Multiple possible causes for the inconsistent results are discussed, chief among which is the chosen grid generation approach and selected convergence criteria. A recommendation is made to improve the reference, moving mesh, case using scale resolving models.
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Tsironas, Sotirios. "Virtual Sensor Describing the Intake Manifold Pressure Close to the Cylinder Ports." Thesis, KTH, Förbränningsmotorteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-245055.
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Ökad efterfrågan på effektivare motorer och strängare lagstiftning rörande avgasutsläpp kräver en noggrannare styrning av motorns driftsparametrar. Denna styrning är mestadels baserad på ett antal fysiska sensorer som spelar en viktig roll vid utsläppsrelaterad feldiagnostik. Fysiska sensorer kombinerat med behov av noggrann styrning ökar motorns komplexitet och produktionskostnad. Virtuella sensorer är ett alternativ som kan användas för att övervaka olika driftsparametrar och som även minska komplexiteten och produktionskostnaderna. I den här studien, har en virtuell sensor, som är baserad på en kompressibel strömningsmodell valts att utvecklas för att uppskatta trycket nära inloppsporten. Detta har genomförts med standardtrycksensorn i inloppsröret som referens. Två olika tillvägagångssätt presenteras och förklaras grundligt (kvasi-endimensionell flödesmodell och vågmodellering); de jämförs när det gäller noggrannhet, beräkningskostnad och genomförbarhet. Utvärderingen av modellerna bygger på ett experiment som är utfört på inloppsröret för en dieselmotor. En utvärdering av samma modeller har även utförts för avgassamlaren. Vågmodellen har lägre prestanda men påvisar en eventuell förbättringspotential. Den kvasi-endimensionella flödesmodellen verkar inte kunna uppfylla målet att ge en adekvat uppskattning av inloppstrycket.Increasing demands for more efficient engines and stricter legislations on exhaust emissions require more accurate control of the engine operating parameters. This control is mostly based on numerous physical sensors which play vital role in the on-board condition monitoring of the engine. Nevertheless, physical sensors in combination with the need of accurate control, increase the complexity and the cost of the engine. Virtual sensors are one of the methodologies that can be used to actively monitor various operating parameters of the engine reducing both the complexity and the production cost. In the current study, a virtual sensor that is based on compressible flow modeling is opted to be developed in order to estimate the pressures close to the cylinder inports, based only on the pressure signal of the standard pressure sensor in the intake manifold. Two different approaches are presented and thoroughly explained (quasi-one-dimensional flow model, finite wave model); they are compared in terms of accuracy, computational cost and feasibility. The models’ evaluation is based on an experiment focused on the intake manifold of a heavy-duty diesel engine. The finite wave model has poor performance, but there is place for improvement. The quasi-one-dimensional flow model appears to be unable to fulfill the goal and provide an accurate estimation of the cylinder inport pressure.
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Zastavniouk, Oleg. "Study of mixing phenomena in a dual fuel diesel engine air intake manifold." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq22695.pdf.
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Palathamveed, Naqash. "Acoustic behavior of intake manifolds under tip-in and steady flow conditions an experimental investigation /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1199738161.
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Lansing, Eric. "Verification of Polymeric Material Change in the Air Intake System." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-213012.
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The air intake manifold is an integral part of modern internal combustion engines. Currently manufactured in glass fibre reinforced PA66, inquiries have been raised regarding a change of material to glass fibre reinforced PP. A new engine project is the purpose for which this proposed material is evaluated. The thermochemical environment in the air intake system puts high demands on the material. Ageing treatments and tensile testing was conducted on samples of the new material, as well as on the currently used PA66 to evaluate mechanical response of each material to treatments made to simulate the air intake environment. Furthermore, understanding of the chemical setup is lacking and needs to be studied. Experiments was performed to study the chemistry of the intake environment. Results indicated that PP can retain sufficient mechanical rigidity and strength when subjected to parameters made to simulate the air intake. Moreover, results regarding the chemical environment in the air intake system provided limited information.
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Adámek, Ladislav. "Zvýšení pružnosti zážehového jednoválcového motoru formule Student." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229714.
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Diplomová práce je zaměřena na konstrukční návrh sacího potrubí pro vůz Formula Student. Pro pohon vozu je použit jednoválcový atmosférický benzinový motor Husaberg FE 570. Sací potrubí je navrhováno tak, aby bylo v souladu s pravidly Formula Student. Pro zvýšení plnící účinnosti sací potrubí využívá resonančního efektu. Délky sacího potrubí byly spočítány v software Lotus Engine simulation.
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Novosad, Zdeněk. "Sací potrubí zážehového závodního motoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228744.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is design shape and length of intake manifold on dynamic flow in the intake manifold and filling efficiency of engine. It was used a method of reverse engineering 3-D scanner Atos and modeling in Pro/Engineer designer for creating a CFD model. The test of intake manifold was created by Rapid prototyping method. In the first part of this diploma thesis is described intake manifolds used in current cars.
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Koksa, David. "Sací a výfukové potrubí motoru pro nákladní automobil." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378010.
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The master’s thesis is focused on creating a thermodynamic model of the diesel engine for heavy commercial vehicle. After the model was created, new intake and exhaust pipes are designed based on simulations. Those proposed pipes variants are compared with the series design. After evaluating individual variants, the final version of the new pipes is selected and 3D model for this version is created.
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Souza, Gustavo Rodrigues de. "Estudo experimental e numérico do sistema de admissão de um motor de combustão interna." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18147/tde-17012011-161302/.
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Durante o processo de admissão do ar em motores de combustão interna, nota-se que sua aspiração não é ideal, ou seja, o volume do cilindro não é completamente ocupado, devido à variação de sua massa específica e perdas de carga ao longo do sistema de alimentação. Conseqüentemente, a eficiência volumétrica no cilindro atinge valores ínfimos de desempenho, o que afeta diretamente a potência do motor. O trabalho consiste em um estudo numérico e experimental do sistema de admissão de um motor de combustão interna. A solução numérica foi obtida por um código comercial que resolve as equações de transporte, baseada nos princípios de conservação de massa, quantidade de movimento e energia, pelo método de discretização de volumes finitos. Os resultados numéricos foram validados através dos resultados obtidos em uma bancada experimental, que possibilitou medidas de vazão mássica, pressão e temperatura do ar admitido. A bancada é formada por um motor de combustão interna acionado por um motor elétrico e o estudo foi realizado sem a presença de combustível e por conseqüência sem a ocorrência de combustão. Através da utilização do software, demonstrou-se que foi possível construir um coletor inédito que proporcionou ao motor estudado um aumento de eficiência volumétrica de 6% a 3.500 rpm.During the process of intake air in the internal combustion engine it has been noted that air flow is not ideal, i.e., the cylinder volume is not completely occupied concerning the variation of specific mass and the charge loss along the feed system. Consequently, the volumetric efficiency in the cylinder reaches low values of performance, affecting the engine power. The aims of this work were a numerical and experimental study of the intake manifold in an internal combustion engine. The numerical solution is obtained through a commercial code which solves the transport equations, according to the continuity, momentum and energy principles by the method of finite volume discretization. Numerical data were validated by the experimental results set-up, enabling the mass flow, pressure and temperature measures of the intake air. The flow bench is composed by an internal combustion engine turned on by an electric engine. The study was developed without fuel and combustion. Regarding the software, it was possible to build an original intake manifold which provides to engine studied an increase in the volumetric efficiency of 6% at 3,500 rpm.
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Wojcik, Rudolf. "Sací potrubí zážehového motoru na CNG o výkonu 140kW." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231036.
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The master´s thesis is focused on the design of the multi-point CNG injection for the VW 1.4 TSI intake manifold turbocharged spark ignited engine. The 3D model that was created using Autodesk Inventor Professional 2012 is based on the real intake manifold. This model served as an input for CFD analyses of mixing CNG with air. These were made in STAR-CCM+ software.
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Smilek, Lukáš. "Zvýšení výkonových parametrů motoru AR67203." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230128.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is supercharging of SI engines and design influence on performance. The main objective of this thesis is to propose appropriate modifications on AR67203 engine of Alfa Romeo 155Q4 personal vehicle in order to achieve significantly better performance parameters and a constant torque in the widest possible speed range. That is why I analyze design and modifications that affect the overall engine performance and their appropriate application to the selected engine. An important point of this thesis is the right choice of turbocharger, in order to have an effective cooperation with a modified engine. The calculation study and the simulation in Lotus Engine Simulation software serve this purpose. I also give information about ECU programming. The results, as well as a practical output in the form of measured performance parameters of modified engine, are evaluated at the end.
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Simões, Thiago André Faria. "Aspectos a serem considerados no desenvolvimento de um coletor de admissão plástico soldado por vibração." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18147/tde-05072013-095043/.
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O projeto do coletor de admissão é essencial para alcançar o melhor desempenho de um motor de combustão interna, e, portanto diversos parâmetros devem ser considerados durante o desenvolvimento do mesmo. Por exemplo, uma distribuição de ar não uniforme conduz a uma eficiência volumétrica não uniforme no cilindro, perda de potência e aumento do consumo de combustível. Por outro lado, as variações de pressão no coletor de admissão, devido aos efeitos pulsantes no escoamento do ar podem substancialmente aumentar ou reduzir o desempenho do motor. Atualmente, no Brasil, a maior parte dos coletores de admissão é fabricada a partir do nylon com fibra de vidro, pois proporciona redução de peso, redução de atrito nos dutos e geometrias internas complexas. Porém, novos fatores se tornam importante como redução de integridade estrutural e atender a requisitos de pressão de estouro. Este trabalho apresenta as principais etapas de desenvolvimento de um coletor de admissão plástico soldado por vibração. Primeiramente as principais dimensões do coletor são definidas a partir da simulação unidimensional. A partir disso, o modelo tridimensional é construído levando em consideração o espaço disponível no compartimento do motor e aspectos que permitam a injeção e solda das partes. Em seguida, a geometria interna do coletor é otimizada visando diminuir as perdas de carga aumentando a eficiência volumétrica. A integridade estrutural do coletor e solda deve ser analisada a fim de atender os requisitos do cliente. Ao confirmar o desenho do coletor de admissão através de testes com peças protótipos, se inicia a fabricação dos ferramentais de produção.Intake manifold project is essential to achieve the best internal combustion engine performance, and, therefore, several parameters should be considered during it development. For instance, an uneven air distribution lead to uneven cylinder volumetric efficiency, power loss and increased fuel consumption. On the other hand, pressures variations within intake manifold due to air flow transient effects could substantially increase or decrease the engine performance. Nowadays, in Brazil, the majority of the intake manifolds are fabricated from nylon with glass fiber which provides weight reduction, wall friction reduction and complex internal geometries. However, new factors become important like structural integrity reduction and withstand to burst pressure. This work presents the mainly development stages of a plastic intake manifold vibration welded. First, the basic intake manifold dimensions are defined through one-dimensional simulation. From this, three-dimensional model is built considering the engine compartment space available and aspects which allows injection and welding process of manifold shells. Then, intake manifold internal geometry is optimized to minimize air flow losses, increasing the volumetric efficiency. Intake manifold structural integrity and welding quality should de evaluated to withstand customer requirements. Confirming the intake manifold drawing through tests with prototype parts, production tooling is started.
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Cihlář, Lukáš. "Plnicí systém vznětového motoru s proměnným průřezem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254359.
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The master´s thesis focuses on design of intake manifold with swirl flap for diesel engine. In addition to the design of sub-components of the intake manifold are also investigated the influence of new solutions on engine parameters. The influence of the new solution is compared to the original version and a reference model simulating intake manifold used by competitors. After simulation of thermodynamics and fluid flow are evaluated each variants.
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Šimíček, Petr. "Sací a výfukové potrubí motoru V8." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318645.
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The master´s thesis is focused on the design of the intake and exhaust ducts for V8 engine. Home work is focused on the description of the construction of the intake and exhaust pipes for a given engine. Another part deals with creating a thermodynamic model of the engine, and the design of the intake and exhaust pipes. The last part deals with verifying the proposed pipeline construction.
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Foral, Martin. "Optimalizace sacího potrubí zážehového motoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228432.
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The work deals with design solutions to the intake manifold modern contemporary internal combustion engines. Then describes the types of flow and structural design of ports, including the intake of their basic properties. The thesis also compare the results of the analysis and design optimization based on simulation of flow inlet port and measure the actual inlet port.
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Vondráček, Václav. "Optimalizace sacího potrubí zážehového motoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229680.
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The main aim of this diploma thesis is to design two different types of air throttles in the intake manifold and compare their influence on a loss of dynamics of the flow of drawn air. The main purpose is to compare the mass flow for wholly opened air throttle. It deals with creating CDF model of intake manifold by using 3D scanner Atos and software Pro/Engineer WF5. During the work, the results of the CFD analysis were used for a real testing.
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Jantač, František. "Návrh škrticí klapky zážehového motoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254362.
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This master’s thesis deals with the design of the throttle body of the intake manifold of a spark-ignition engine with regards to minimizing throttle loses at full engine load. The first part of this thesis focuses on the elements of intake tract structure on contemporary combustion engine including their design solutions and the theory of flow. The thesis also describes the creation of the 3-D CAD model of intake manifold with a throttle body and the description of the CFD flow simulation with the evaluation of resul.
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Silva, José Antônio da. "Estudo dos processos de admissão e exaustão utilizando ensaio experimental e simulação de um motor de combustão interna a etanol aspirado e turboalimentado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-10022017-161613/.
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O processo de admissão e exaustão exercem grande influência no desempenho de um motor a combustão interna. Vários têm sido os estudos para conhecimento e detalhamento do comportamento dos parâmetros que interferem nesses processos, nas últimas décadas. Este trabalho voltou-se principalmente para o ensaio experimental de um motor do ciclo Otto utilizando etanol como combustível, avaliando o desempenho deste motor utilizando três tipos distintos de comando de válvulas e dois coletores de admissão diferentes em sua geometria, além do uso da turbo - alimentação. Numa etapa complementar fez-se uma proposta inicial de simulação numérica do comportamento hidrodinâmico do escoamento na admissão, usando técnicas de CFD, através do software CFX. Os resultados experimentais permitiram apontar o melhor arranjo não só sob o ponto de vista de torque, potência e consumo específico, como também, o que apresentou menor índice de emissões para os gases CO, CO2, NOx, HC. Criou-se um farto banco de dados para subsidiar pesquisas em motores movidos a etanol, material escasso na bibliografia aberta. A simulação numérica apresentou concordância com alguns parâmetros medidos, mas merece ainda alguns ajustes no refinamento da malha, no tempo de simulação, e no número de ciclos ensaiados, para comprovação e maior confiabilidade nos resultados obtidos.Intake and exhaust process exercise great influence in Internal Combustion Engine performance. The behaviour of parameters that interfere in this process have been studied in the last decades. The mainly goal of this work is to test experimentally a cycle Otto engine that use ethanol as fuel, evaluating its performance using three different types of the camshaft and two intake manifold of different geometry, besides the use of the turbocharger. In addition an initial proposal numeric simulation of the hydrodynamic flow behaviour in intake, using techniques of CFD with the software CFX was made. The experimental results allowed to aim the best arrangement of the torque, specific consumption and power and what presented lower index of emissions for the gases CO, CO2, NOx, HC. A full database was created to subsidize researches in engines powered ethanol. The numeric simulation presented agreement with some measured parameters, but it still deserves some fittings in the refinement of the mesh, in the time step of simulation and in the number of rehearsed cycles, for confirmation and larger reliability in the obtained results.
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Konečný, Lukáš. "Plnicí potrubí s proměnným průřezem pro 16V motor." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231308.
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Aim of the diploma thesis is to design intake ducting with variable cross-section for 16V diesel engine consisting from divided intake manifold and divided ejector. Cross-section variability is ensured by a swirl flap placed in the divided ejector. Next aim of thesis is to provide drawing documentation for production of samples. For designing was used PTC Creo system and software GeomCaliper. Also was taken account of manufacturing of the parts with sand-casting, especially to guarantee trouble-free taking out of models from the moulds, and taking out of cores from core moulds, and also for machinability of some elements. Introduction of thesis is focused on diesel engine emissions and ways of their reduction.
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Pavličík, Lukáš. "Sací potrubí jednoválcového motoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231694.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to create a thermodynamic computational model of a single cylinder IC engine for the Formula SAE car. The single cylinder SI engine KTM 500 EXC is considered as a powertrain unit. The intake manifold of the serial enduro motorcycle is modified according to the Formula SAE 2014 rules. Analysis of the one dimensional flow is performed by using Lotus engine simulation software.
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Garcia, Andrew Michael. "Feed-Forward Air-Fuel Ratio Control during Transient Operation of an Alternative Fueled Engine." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366034780.
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Kubiš, Vojtěch. "Zástavba motoru AR64304." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232136.
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This diploma thesis is concerned about installation of AR64304 engine into Alfa Romeo 75. The main goal of this thesis is a design of exhaust system for AR64304 engine installed in the engine bay of the vehicle. The design of the exhaust system was done with a respect to the noise and emission requirements, as well as with a respect to the performance of the engine. Lotus Engine Simulation software was used for the simulation of the engine with proposed exhaust system. Input data for the simulation were obtained from measurements of the cylinder head on a flow bench and precise measurement of camshaft profile. The essential contribution of this work is a set of construction parameters of the exhaust system. This thesis also contains technical specifications of AR64304 engine and the installation process.
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Feitosa, Marcelo Valente. "Desenvolvimento do motor de ignição por compressão alimentado por injeção direta de óleo diesel e por etanol pós-vaporizado no coletor de admissão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-15032016-135844/.
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Desenvolveu-se um sistema de alimentação misto para motores de ignição por compressão turboalimentados, o qual utiliza diesel injetado normalmente na câmara de combustão e etanol pós-vaporizado, injetado líquido no coletor de admissão e vaporizado pela grande disponibilidade de energia contida no ar comprimido. Foram possíveis substituições de até 55% da massa de diesel por etanol; funcionamento regular e repetitivo foi verificado, resultado da admissão de álcool na forma de vapor. Constatou-se que o rendimento térmico e as emissões de gases poluentes eram bastante influenciados pelo sistema de alimentação desenvolvido: ganhos de até 25,6% no rendimento térmico foram possíveis com reduções máximas de 81% na emissão de material particulado e 80% em NOx, pela queima mais eficiente do diesel na presença do vapor de etanol. Reduções notáveis na temperatura do ar comprimido foram atingidas, possibilitando a substituição dos \"intercoolers\". A análise teórica da implantação do sistema desenvolvido, numa frota de veículos de transporte coletivo da região metropolitana de São Paulo, indicou viabilidade econômica e ambiental.It was developed a supplementary fueling system for turbocharged compression ignition, which uses diesel injected usually in the combustion chamber and post-vaporized ethanol, that is injected in the liquid state inside the intake manifold and vaporized by the energy in the compressed air. It was possible to replace up to 55% of the diesel mass by ethanol; regular and repetitive operation was verified, result of the alcohol induction in the vapor state. It was verified that engine\'s efficiency and pollutant gases emissions were quite influenced by the fueling system developed: improvements of up to 25,6% in the efficiency were possible, with maximum reductions of 81% in particulate matter and 80% in NOx, as a result of a more efficient diesel oxidation in presence of ethanol vapor. Notable reductions in the compressed air temperature were reached, making possible the substitution of the \"intercoolers\". The theoretical analysis to implantation of the developed system, on vehicles of public transportation in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, indicated economical and environmental viability.
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Sakowitz, Alexander. "Computation and Analysis of EGR Mixing in Internal Combustion Engine Manifolds." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mekanik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-117911.
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This thesis deals with turbulent mixing processes occurring in internal combustion engines, when applying exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). EGR is a very efficient way to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in internal combustion engines. Exhaust gases are recirculated and mixed with the fresh intake air, reducing the oxygen con- centration of the combustion gas and thus the peak combustion temperatures. This temperature decrease results in a reduction of NOx emissions. When applying EGR, one is often faced with non-uniform distribution of exhaust among and inside the cylinders, deteriorating the emission performance. The mixing of exhaust gases and air is governed by the flow in the engine intake manifold, which is characterized by unsteadiness due to turbulence and engine pulsations. Moreover, the density cannot be assumed to be constant due to the presence of large temperature variations.Different flow cases having these characteristics are computed by compressible Large Eddy Simulations (LES). First, the stationary flows in two T-junction type geometries are investigated. The method is validated by comparison with experimental data and the accuracy of the simulations is confirmed by grid sensitivity studies. The flow structures and the unsteady flow modes are described for a range of mass flow ratios between the main and the branch inlet. A comparison to RANS computations showed qualitatively different flow fields.Thereafter, pulsating inflow conditions are prescribed on the branch inlet in or- der to mimic the large pulsations occurring in the EGR loop. The flow modes are investigated using Dynamical Mode Decomposition (DMD).After having established the simulation tool, the flow in a six-cylinder engine is simulated. The flow is studied by Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and DMD. The mixing quality is studied in terms of cylinder-to-cylinder non-uniformity and temporal and spatial variances. It was found that cycle-averaging of the concentration may give misleading results. A sensitivity study with respect to changes in the boundary conditions showed that the EGR pulsations, have large influence on the results. This could also be shown by POD of the concentration field showing the significance of the pulses for the maldistribution of exhaust gases.Finally, the flow in an intake manifold of a four-cylinder engine is investigated in terms of EGR distribution. For this geometry, pipe bends upstream of the EGR inlet were found to be responsible for the maldistribution.QC 20130207
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Kumar, Deepak. "Numerical simulation of flows in an active air intake device of internal combustion engine with pulsated air flow." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0004/document.
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Les émissions polluantes à l’échappement des véhicules automobiles sont l'une des principales sources de pollution de l'air dans le monde d'aujourd'hui. Par conséquent, la législation a évolué afin de limiter ces émissions. L'un des aspects clés pour répondre consiste à bien maîtriser les échanges gazeux au sein du moteur à combustion interne. Cette amélioration est possible par l'optimisation de répartiteurs d'admission d'air. Dans ces répartiteurs d'admission d'air, la maitrise de l’écoulement de type tumble est une piste de progrès. Des volets sont installés à la sortie du répartiteur afin d'améliorer le rapport de tumble et donc le mélange air-carburant (VTS-Variable Tumble System). Une autre caractéristique de l'écoulement à l'intérieur des répartiteurs est l'effet des écoulements pulsés qui engendrent des fluctuations de pression assez importante. Par conséquent, le but de cette étude consiste à simuler le flux d'air pulsé à l'intérieur des répartiteurs d'admission et à identifier l'effet des pulsations de pression sur les composants actifs tels que les volets. Le travail de simulation dans la présente thèse a été effectué à partir du code open source CFD OpenFOAM. Dans un premier temps, l'effet des pulsations de pression est simulé à l'intérieur d'un tube d'acier et une méthodologie de simulation est développée. Les résultats de la simulation sont validés à partir de résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur un dispositif spécifique, le banc dynamique. Ensuite, des simulations ont été effectuées sur le répartiteur d'admission principal avec des volets. Tout d’abord, les simulations sont effectuées en régime permanent avec cinq positions d'ouverture différentes du clapet. Les forces et les moments agissant sur le volet en régime permanent sont obtenus et analysés. Puis, des simulations en régime transitoire avec des effets de pulsation de pression sont effectuées. Les résultats de la simulation instationnaire sont comparés aux résultats expérimentaux en termes de fluctuations de pression relative. Les effets des pulsations de pression sur les forces aérodynamiques et les moments agissant sur les volets sont analysés et commentésThe exhaust emissions from automobiles are one of the major sources of air pollution in today’s world. Thence,research and development is the key feature of the modern automotive industries to meet strict emission legislation. One of the key aspects to meet these requirements is to improve the gas exchange process within internal combustion engines. It is possible by the design optimization of the air intake manifolds for internal combustion engines. One of such advancement in air intake manifolds is variable tumble systems (VTS). In VTS system, tumble flaps are installed at the exit of the manifold runner in order to improve tumble ratio and hence air-fuel mixing. Another feature of the flow inside the intake manifolds is pressure pulsation effect. Therefore, the aim of the Ph.D. work is to simulate the pulsating air flow inside the air intake manifolds and to identify the effect of the pressure pulsations on the active components like tumble flaps. The simulation work in the present thesis has been carried out on open source CFD code OpenFOAM. In a first step, the effect of pressure pulsations is simulated inside a steel tube and a simulation methodology is developed. The results of the simulation are validated on a specific experimental device, the dynamic flow bench. Then,simulations have been carried out on the main intake manifold with tumble flaps. Firstly, the simulations are performed with five different opening positions of the tumble flap in a steady state configuration. The forces and moments acting on the flap in steady state are obtained and analyzed. Then, unsteady simulations with pressure pulsation effects are performed. The results of obtained from unsteady simulation are compared with the experimental results in terms of relative pressure fluctuations. The effect of the pressure pulsation on the aerodynamic forces and moments acting on the tumble flaps are analyzed and explained
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Cavaglieri, Marcelo Renato 1975. "Estudo experimental do fenômeno de onda em coletores de admissão para motores de combustão interna : Experimental study of the wave phenomena into the intake manifolds for internal combustion engines." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265919.
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Orientador: Rogério Gonçalves dos SantosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T21:02:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cavaglieri_MarceloRenato_M.pdf: 17998120 bytes, checksum: 987df39d379a639bae4123aeab57a9d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Com o intuito de otimizar o Motor de Combustão Interna e encontrar aplicações que o utilizem de forma racional e eficiente, nessa dissertação estuda-se o comportamento dinâmico da pressão na cavidade dos Coletores de admissão, já que o escoamento através dele acontece de forma pulsada, devido ao movimento do pistão e modulado pelo abrir e fechar das válvulas de admissão e escapamento. Sendo o Coletor de Admissão parte desse circuito, ele consequentemente impõe uma impedância a esse escoamento intermitente, podendo ser mais ou menos acentuada, devido suas formas construtivas. Para essa avaliação busca-se um fator ou um coeficiente que quantifique como as ondas de pressão interagem com a cavidade do Coletor de Admissão, de forma metódica e confiável, para que os resultados possam ser usados como ferramenta prática de desenvolvimento desse componente. Podendo assim, os Coletores de Admissão serem ajustados adequadamente à aplicação e não apenas nos quesitos de regimes permanentes tradicionais como perda de carga e desbalanceamento no fornecimento de ar. Nessa dissertação é apresentado um aparato para medir experimentalmente a curva do Coeficiente de Transmissão de onda de pressão, seus detalhes construtivos, de configuração e operação para a obtenção de curvas de boa qualidade. É mostrado também um método para validação do aparato e por fim a comparação do Coeficiente de Transmissão com a curva de desempenho desses componentes quando instalados em um Motor de Combustão Interna. Comprovando dessa maneira, a relação entre as características dinâmicas da cavidade e sua influência no desempenho do Motor de Combustão Interna e mais, demonstrando que o método experimental de medir o Coeficiente de Transmissão é uma forma eficaz e coerente de se quantificar a influência desse componente no processo de admissão
Abstract: In order to optimize the Internal Combustion Engine and find out applications that use it rationally and efficiently, in this dissertation it is studied the dynamic behavior of the intake manifolds cavity pressure, since the flow through it happens in a pulsed manner, due to the movement of the piston and modulated by opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves. Being the intake manifold part of this circuit, it imposes impedance to the flow that may be more or less pronounced, due to its constructive design. For this evaluation it is made an experimental determination of the Transmission Coefficient of pressure waves through the Intake Manifold, methodically and reliably, so the results can be used as a practical tool for developing these components. The Intake Manifold may thus be properly adjusted to the application needs and not just in the categories of traditional patterns like permanent loss and imbalance of air supply. This dissertation presents an experimental apparatus to measure the curve of the wave pressure Transmission Coefficient, its construction details, configuration and operation to get good quality curves. It is also shown a method to calibrate the apparatus and finally, the comparison of the Transmission Coefficient with the performance curve of measured Intake Manifolds when installed on an Internal Combustion Engine. Providing this way, the correlation between the dynamic characteristics of the cavity and its influence on the Internal Combustion Engine¿s performance and demonstrating that the experimental method to measure the Transmission Coefficient is an effective and consistent way to quantify the influence of the Intake Manifold in admission process
Mestrado
Termica e Fluidos
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Lai, Chih-Wen, and 賴智文. "Analysis and Design of a Variable Intake Manifold." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c98g2w.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
98
This thesis research concentrates on the construction design of new Variable Intake Manifold, Researches of Variable Intake Manifold’s patent and literature had been collected, analyzed and classify. According to the collected documentation of Variable Intake Manifold can be classified and analyzed as its variable and be the reference direction. That is combined the intake manifold of cross-section, length and number of channel. The mechanism synthesize methods is used to understand the requirements and constrains of Variable Intake Manifold. Find the specialized kinematics chain suitable for this research and organize them into a serious of graphics, Through the 3D drawing software- SolidWorks 2007 to establish variable intake manifold system 3D models, and confirm its structure without interference. Finally, use computer-aided analysis software COSMOSFlowWork to carry out fluid analysis, make sure that the Variable Intake Manifold can increase the intake by raise the engine’s rotational speed, as a sample item of forthcoming manufacturing.
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Deng, Xiao-Quan, and 鄧孝全. "The Study Intake Manifold Volume for Engine Performance." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15730336051055277586.
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碩士東南科技大學
營建科技與防災研究所
103
The purpose of this study was to enhance the intake manifold volume ratio and establish a set of experimental methods and processes. Experiments use current commercially mainstreams, which are Toyota Altis, Mitsubishi Virage and Nissan Sentra as three displacements of 1800 CC the car. They are installed different thickness of the hollow accessories to change the intake volume between the intake manifold and throttle body assembly in order to compare different volumetric efficiency of the intake manifold. We measure the actual performance data of the engine based on the horsepower chassis to analyze and verify. What happened to the torque and horsepower output engine performance curve case were found out when the intake manifold volume increases, and also to obtain the best output efficiency under different engine speeds. Experimental results show that when the intake manifold volume increases to 1.51% , its maximum torque increases to the rate of 5.83% , and its horsepower enhances to the rate of 5.94% according to the general urban driving speed range of frequently used 2100 to 2400 rpm. If the engine output characteristics meets the expectations of driving, the frequency of heavy throttle and fuel consumption will be reduced. This study confirmed that when the volume of the intake manifold is in a limited increasing, it helps the upgrade of the engine performance.
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Lin, Sih-Jyue, and 林嗣爵. "Effect of Intake Manifold and Nozzles on the Characteristics of the Spray." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23226879229105067472.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
94
This research was focused on the characteristics of spray of imported electronic nozzles used on domestic small scale (such as 150cc) motorcycles. It was hoped that the outcomes from this research can be applied to the Electronic Management System (EMS) to improve the pollution and the oil consumption problems. Labview was used in the experiment to control the action of the electronic nozzle, together with the flowfield observation system, fuel supply system and transparent intake manifold system. The main test parameters were fuel injection duration (FID), nozzle setup angle and the degree of opening of the throttle valve. Based on the test results, it was shown that the FID didn’t change the spray speed and spray angle, but it did affect the amount of fuel injected and the SMD of the spray in relation to the transient behavior of the open and close of the needle valve and the fuel droplet collisions due to the interference among adjacent sprays. In addition to the FID, another major factor that affected the fuel injection amount was the total exit area instead of the number of exit orifices of the nozzle. When orifices’ diameter were getting smaller and the pitch getting bigger, then the spray’s behavior was closer to the single jet status; but as the pitch gets smaller, the fuel droplets were more easily to combine with each other and produced larger droplet then nozzle with single orifice. When nozzle was installed onto the intake manifold, the fuel spray would face direct wall impact, which might result in fuel droplets’ secondary split-up and speed up the mixing between air and fuel. Under different openings of the throttle valve, fuel droplets rebounded after the wall impact would get into the cylinder following a different curved path. As the impact getting closer to be perpendicular, it would produce larger droplets, which would be less affected by the intake airspeed and cause poor combustion. Different nozzles tested had showed different impact behavior, however, similar impact mode indeed resulted in similar outcome.
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Huang, Cheng-Kai, and 黃政凱. "Development of vehicle fault diagnosis system using intake manifold pressure and artificial neural network." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17506896704978755643.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
車輛科技研究所
97
A vehicle fault diagnosis system using intake manifold pressure signal and artificial neural networks is presented in this thesis. The proposed system can be divided into two parts. In the first stage, a study of intake manifold pressure signal and classification is presented. The engine fault diagnosis system consisted of a combination of feature extraction using discrete wavelet transform and Wigner-Ville distribution. The amplitude of frequency distribution with various faults condition in wavelet spectrum, and instantaneous energy of intake manifold pressure using Wigner-Ville distribution. In the second stage, the amplitude of energy distribution using discrete wavelet transform and Wigner-Ville distribution, which is take as database input to artificial neural network. The artificial neural network is used to train the signal features and engine fault conditions. In order to verify the effect of the proposed artificial neural network in fault diagnosis, two conventional neural networks that included the Radial Basis Function network (RBFN) and Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) are compared in the experimental investigation. The experimental results indicated that the proposed GRNN achieved the better performance and training time in the present fault diagnosis system.
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Kai-Shen, Wu, and 吳凱聲. "Influence of Intake Manifold Tuning on the Volumetric Efficiency of a Four-Stroke SI Engine." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46724820070800383054.
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碩士大葉大學
機械工程研究所
88
Volumetric efficiency is an index of engine performance. Major factors that influence engine’s volumetric efficiency are the geometric shape and dimensions of intake and exhaust system. The objectives of this study are to investigate the influence of intake system on the engine volumetric efficiency. Pressure wave in intake system is generated by the periodic movement of the piston. The peak value of volumetric efficiency appears when pressure resonance happens within the intake system. The period, amplitude, and shape of pressure wave are determined by the geometric shape and dimensions of the intake system of the engine. So in the study, the influence of those factors on volumetric efficiency were investigated. In previous works, numerical simulation were used to investigate the wave tuning in intake system. The results of previous works were examined in this study by experiments.
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Lee, Chun-Wei, and 李浚維. "Measurement of Spray and Flow Phenomena Gasoline Injection Inside the Intake Manifold and the Cylinder." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10904227934466601052.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系
103
This research studies the KYMCO 150 c.c. single cylinder fuel injection engine’s spray characteristics. The intake manifold and the cylinder liner is made by transparent material to allow laser sheet penetrating into the spray atomization. The injection environment is altered to test various situations. The PIV technology and the strobe light photography technology are used for spray visualization measurement and observation. This double hoe nozzle is operated under 2.5 bars with side wind varies from 0, 5, to 12 m/sec. to study its effects on the spray trajectory. The injection pressure are also varies from 2.0. 2.5, to 3.0 bars ad the PIV system are used to measurement the spray penetration and the droplets distribution inside the manifold and cylinder. These data are important for engine design. The results point out that when the fuel pressure is increased, the penetration range will extend about 11~33%, and droplet velocity will grow about 8~57%, helping accelerate the velocity of flame propagation. Furthermore, the spray angle will go up 5~44%, which is good for fuel oil atomization. Results show the spray penetration is increased by 11~33% d the spray velocity by 8~57% when the injection pressure is increased. The spray angle is also raised by 5~44% which is useful for spray atomization. Inside the intake manifold, the earlier spray is affected by the side wind so the the droplets trajectory and the droplet velocity is reduced by 10~24%. During the middle spray duration, the side wind has the same direction as the side wind so that the droplets velocity is increased by 3~25%. This increase is about 6~57% during the later injection period. As the spray is flowing into the cylinder, the observed spray distributed area is increased by 2~77% when the wind speed is increased. The injection pressure increase and the sucking wind inside the cylinder have the biggest effects on the spray spreading abound the cylinder. The spray droplets velocity, distribution, size, and atomization will affect the engine combustion and the exhaust emissions. Key Words: PIV, Spray, Atomization, Manifold, Flow.
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Butt, Q. R., A. I. Bhatti, Muhammad R. Mufti, M. A. Rizvi, and Irfan U. Awan. "Modeling and online parameter estimation of intake manifold in gasoline engines using sliding mode observer." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9632.
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NoModel based control of automotive engines for fuel economy and pollution minimization depends on accuracy of models used. A number of mathematical models of automotive engine processes are available for this purpose but critical model parameters are difficult to obtain and generalize. This paper presents a novel method of online estimation of discharge coefficient of throttle body at the intake manifold of gasoline engines. The discharge coefficient is taken to be a varying parameter. Air mass flow across the throttle body is a critical variable in maintaining a closer to stoichiometric air fuel ratio; which is necessary to minimize the pollution contents in exhaust gases. The estimation method is based on sliding mode technique. A classical first Sliding mode observer is designed to estimate intake manifold pressure and the model uncertainty arising from the uncertain and time varying discharge coefficient is compensated by the discontinuity/switching signal of sliding mode observer. This discontinuity is used to compute coefficient of discharge as a time varying signal. The discharge coefficient is used to tune/correct the intake manifold model to engine measurements. The resulting model shows a very good agreement with engine measurements in steady as wells transient state. The stability of the observer is shown by Lyapunov direct method and the validity of the online estimation is successfully demonstrated by experimental results. OBD-II (On Board Diagnostic revision II) based sensor data acquisition from the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) of a production model vehicle is used. The devised algorithm is simple enough to be designed and implemented in a production environment. The online estimation of parameter can also be used for engine fault diagnosis work. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Su, Che-Cheng, and 蘇哲正. "The Effects of Intake Manifold Gasoline Injection on the Homogeneous Characteristics of Diesel Engine Combustion." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82505830850345592903.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
91
This research is done against the YAMAHA ME200F three cylinders direct injection diesel engine. The engine exhaust emissions, the cylinder pressure, and the heat releases characteristics are measured and analyzed to study the effects of gasoline injection in the intake manifold on the engine combustion generosity. The best fuel injection angle and the optimized 92 CPC gasoline injected rate are studied under balanced and unbalanced total fuel energy consumed in the diesel engine in order to understand this relatively homogeneous combustion phenomena. The first part of this research the gasoline fuel is injected into the intake manifold. Since the fuel energy is increased, the engine speed and torque output are increased as expected. The second part of this research the injected diesel fuel amount is reduced (under a fixed engine speed) according the fuel heating value contained in the gasoline fuel. Thus, the total fuel energy (including the diesel and the gasoline fuel) injected into the cylinder are remained the same. The measurements indicate the best angle of fuel injection in the intake manifold is 64°BTDC. The NOx and Smoke emissions are obviously improved in this fuel injected into the manifold study. The NOx is reduced because the relatively homogeneous temperature distribution in the diesel engine combustion chamber. The smoke is reduced because the non-homogeneous environment has been improved. However, the CO and HC emissions are deteriorated because the HC vapor is surrounding the cylinder liner boundary layer area. The engine performance under low speed and low load is suffered because the failure of supplementary fuel ignition and worse fuel-air mixing. If the engine speed and load are increased, this disadvantage of gasoline injection into intake manifold is adjusted.
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Lin, Mao-Lin, and 林茂霖. "A Study of the Characteristics of the Fuel Spray in the Intake Manifold on the Motorcycle." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24289248920036809932.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
95
This research was focused on the characteristics of fuel spray in the intake manifold on domestic small scale (such as 125cc) motorcycles. It was hoped that the outcomes from this research can be applied to the Combustion Efficiency on cylinder to improve the pollution and the oil consumption problems. The experiment was focused on the crystalloid manifold and actual cylinder system, observing the particle distributes, measuring the SMD to understand the variety in particle size and the amount of oil film on the inner face of the intake manifold. The main test parameters of the intake manifold include the setup angle of the nozzle, directions and the degree of opening of the throttle valve.The parameters of the actual cylinder and the manifold were the surface roughness, the ingredients of the oil, setup angle of the nozzle and the degree of opening of the throttle valve. According to the test results, when the fuel sprays impact point were close to the poppet valves of the cylinder, even the different degree of opening of the throttle valve, the variety of the fuel sprays on the whole is the same. At the measurment of the SMD and the collection of the oil weight, both in experiment oil and gasoline, In most cases, there have the minimum size of the SMD and the least amount of oil film on the inner face of the intake manifoldwhen when increase the setup angle of the nozzle to 10 degree. Besides, the original cylinder performed better than others.Less amount of oil film were collected both when unheated the air at the smaller degree of opening of the throttle valve and heated the air at the major degree of opening of the throttle valve; moreover, heated the air account for less oil film.
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Chem, Gen-Lin, and 陳建霖. "Simulation of the Effects of Intake manifold Pressure and Ignition Timing on the Gasoline Engine Performance." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48686514587389479010.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
91
This research uses the KYMCO’s Apex 125 cc single cylinder gasoline engine to study the intake manifold pressure and the ignition pattern on the engine performance. The engine speed, engine load, intake manifold pressure, ignition timing, and the fuel/air ratio are varied and then the cylinder pressure is recorded. The experimental measurements of pressure are compared to the simulation results calculated by the GESP (Gasoline Engine Simulation Program). The results indicate that the intake flow can affect the engine performance significantly. The pulse flow inside the manifold can increase the engine volumetric efficiency and thus increase the engine cylinder pressure.
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Kuo, Ting-Wei, and 郭庭瑋. "A Study on Using FT Bio-Diesel Fuel Adding hydrogen in intake manifold of DI Diesel Engine." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j9j49a.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
98
This study was a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine intake manifold to add hydrogen, without changing the single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine body structure and design parameters of the case, experimental FT80 and FT80 + H2 mixed etc two types of fuel, discuss the two kinds of fuel energy efficiency, exhaust emissions concentrations, exhaust temperature and combustion characteristics etc differences,assessment of hydrogen added to the benefits of FT biodiesel. Experiments show that, FT80 + H2 mixed fuel heat value of fuel higher than the FT80, so FT80 + H2 mixed fuel energy efficiency higher than FT80 4.09%；FT80 + H2 mixed fuel emission smoke concentration, HC concentration values of the were reduced 17.38%、12.91%；NOx concentration, EGT value of the were increase 3.77%、1.34%；combustion characteristics verify FT80 + H2 mixed fuel ignition delay time for early end, so to reduce smoke concentration;and because the initial premixed combustion phase advance, the phase of the end time has advanced, therefore increasing the value of NOx concentration, HC concentration reduction;late combustion phase two kinds of fuel heat release rate close to, but because hydrogen fuel Calorific value higher than the FT80 fuel , so EGT values higher than the FT80.
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Liao, Wun-Bin, and 廖文彬. "The Performance and Heat Release Analysis of the HCCI Diesel Engine with Intake Manifold Kerosene Assistant Injection." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27141861274046600319.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系
102
This research studies the modified one cylinder diesel engine with two stage-stage equal heating value duel fuel injection. The kerosene is injected inside the intake manifold whirl its proportion is varied to study this assistant kerosene injection on the engine performance. The CY190 1000c.c. single cylinder diesel engine has 600 bars injection pressure, the equivalence ratio is Φd=0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5, the engine speed is rpm=1500, 1800, 2100, and 2400. The first part of this study, the baseline engine running without kerosene injection is done to record the basic engine performance and emissions. The second part has kerosene with Fk=20, 50, and 80 which indicates 20%, 50%, and 80% diesel is replaced by kerosene injection. The best kerosene fuel injection timing is 10 ATDC. The third part of this study compares the first two parts’ results to understand the two-stage fuel injection on engine performance. Results indicate under high engine speed and load the engine torque is slightly increased. This is because the kerosene has lower flash point and the fuel is premixed in the intake manifold. The premixed kerosene-air charge inside the combustion chamber improves the traditional engine ignition delay so that the engine torque is increased. However, the fuel lean charge near the combustion wall causes unburned HC and CO increase. The peak cylinder pressure is move advanced to near the TDC and the heat release has the same results. The NOx has reduction trend while the HC and CO are both increased. However, the smoke is slightly improved. This research has multi-stage injection which allows a semi-homogeneous charge combustion environment inside the combustion chamber. The advantage of this engine duel fuel injection is the NOx, and smoke are reduced, the engine torque is increased. The duel fuel combustion is approved for beter engine operation in this research.
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Hsu, Ching-Chun, and 徐敬鈞. "The Effects of Heating Up the Intake Manifold on the Spray Impingement Behavior and the Motorcycle’s Exhaust Emissions." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39632891267019563780.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
97
This research applies the KYNCO 125c.c. EFI engine to study the spray impingement phenomena inside the intake manifold. The Intake manifold and the cylinder head assembly is modified for the high resolution digital camera photo taking with the help of digital timing control of the stroboscope.. The spray impingement and the consequent surface wetting phenomena inside the cold intake manifold is observed and compared to the heating up manifold results. The real engine’s intake manifold is also equipped with the heating device for the measurements of engine performance and exhaust emissions. The EFI engine has the fuel spray directly aimed on the intake value during the cyclic fuel injection period. Since the fuel is injected per cycle the concentrated fuel jet can cause the local impinged site’s surface temperature drops and has the liquid film formed on the surface. If the intake system is heated up the liquid film appear to as boiling behavior which is confirmed indirectly by measuring the engine output and exhaust emissions. The comparisons between the original and the modified intake manifold system are also included in this study. The results show the engine torque is reduced by 22 % compared to the original engine set when the intake manifold is modified. The torque is up by 4.25% if the modified manifold is heated up compared to the modify manifold without heating. The CO reduction is 12% and 35% for the two modified and the heated up cases. The HC is reduced by 18% and 10% respectively. The modification of the intake manifold cases scattered spry impingement on the intake valve and manifold assembly so that the atomization is enhanced and thus the emissions are reduced. Further heating up the intake system causes better droplets rebounding and liquid fuel evaporation so that the exhausts are further reduced. However, the heating up of the intake manifold can cause the drop of volumetric efficiency so that the engine torque is also reduced. After the study of this intake system modification and heating up effects on the engine perforce, the domestic scooter manufactory can design a better intake system to cut down the exhaust emissions.
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Li, Meng-Chien, and 李孟謙. "The Effects of Intake/Exhaust Manifolds’ Design on the Motorcycle Gasoline Engine Combustion Characteristics and Exhaust Emissions." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02373435829598090562.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
90
The engine’s performance, fuel consumption rate, exhaust emissions, and noise are all related to the combustion process; thus, it is essential to understand the combustion phenomena inside the combustion chamber. This research is done against a KIMCO APEX 125 cc single cylinder carburetor motorcycle gasoline engine. The engine’s volumetric efficiency can directly affect the engine’s output and the emission levels; thus, this research will modify the intake manifold system in order to understand the pipe boundary layer effects on the air’s resistance entering the engine and the engine performance. A good intake and/or exhaust manifolds’ design can result in good volumetric efficiency and/or lower back pressure. The back pressure in the exhaust pipe can severely affect the intake flow characteristics. Results show that the carburetor gasoline engine has serious air/fuel ratio instability. The equivalence ratio varies from 0.7 ~ 1.5 which are completely out of design accuracy. The fuel consumption rate, the cylinder pressure, and the heat release rate are not varying reasonably according to various engine speed and load combinations. The exhaust emissions measurements are also not meaningful since the equivalence ratio may exceed 1.0 which indefinitely leads to sever incomplete combustion. A further modification such as electronic control fuel injection system is suggested for the future research in order to provide the industry the technical information on how to design a better intake/exhaust manifold system.
44
Lourenço, Carlos Eduardo Ribeiro. "Contribuição para o fabrico de motor de ciclo sobre-expandido." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/22676.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia MecânicaDesde o aparecimento dos primeiros motores de combustão interna, estes têm sido constantemente alvo de evoluções em função das necessidades do meio ao qual se destinam, seja a procura por melhor fiabilidade, por maiores potências ou mesmo pela otimização dos mesmos de modo a tornar o seu custo de produção mais sustentável. Atualmente existe uma crescente preocupação pelos problemas ambientais, bem como pela escassez das reservas de petróleo, o que associado à crise económico-financeira vivida torna a procura por uma maior eficiência energética dos motores de combustão interna, o principal campo de evolução dos mesmos. Neste contexto, surge o conceito de motor sobre-expandido, sendo este um tipo de motor que apresenta rendimentos superiores aos motores convencionais, permitindo deste modo registar valores de consumos e emissões de poluentes francamente inferiores aos dos motores convencionais. O presente trabalho tem como finalidade o fabrico de um motor de combustão interna, mais concretamente o UMotor. Este é um motor de ciclo sobre-expandido que vem sendo desenvolvido há já alguns anos no Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica da Universidade do Minho e que se destina a equipar o EconomicUM. O trabalho apresentado faz inicialmente um enquadramento teórico acerca dos motores de ciclo sobre-expandido, dando a conhecer a sua origem, o seu principio de funcionamento e o seu papel na sociedade atual. Posteriormente, o trabalho é focado no desenvolvimento e fabrico de alguns componentes do UMotor, tais como o cárter, a árvore de cames, os balanceiros, a cambota e o coletor de admissão. Ao longo do trabalho apresentado são dadas a conhecer as diferentes fases no desenvolvimento dos componentes, desde o projeto dos mesmos utilizando ferramentas CAD/CAM, aos processos de fabrico utilizados bem como os procedimentos a ser adotado de modo a que no futuro se concretize a realização de um protótipo funcional do motor.
Since internal combustion engines made their early appearance, continuous evolutions took place in order to fulfill the requests of their application domains, whether pursuing reliability improvement, higher engine power or even manufacturing optimization and cost sustainability. Nowadays there is a growing concern about environmental issues, including oil reserves shortage, economic and financial crisis impact, so driving critical increase of energetic efficiency in internal combustion engines, as a field of study. In this context arises the concept of over-expanded engine, for it shows higher efficiency, allowing less fuel consumption and lower polluting emissions than conventional engines. The present work describes the manufacturing constraints and solutions of an experimental internal combustion engine, the UMotor. This is an over-expanded cycle engine under development in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of University of Minho, to equip the EconomicUM, a formula Shell® prototype vehicle. A theoretical overview is presented about the over-expanded cycle engines, describing its principles of operation and their possibilities in the society. The work is focused on the development and manufacturing of components of the engine, including the crankcase, the camshaft, the rocker arms, the crankshaft and the intake manifold. The work presents an overview of the actual stage in the development of components, including modifications to the project using CAD/CAM tools, and describes the manufacturing processes and procedures to be undertaken in the near future to achieve a fully functional prototype engine.