Academic literature on the topic 'Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI strategy)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI strategy)"
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Wammanda, R. D., C. L. Ejembi, and T. Iorliam. "Drug Treatment Costs: Projected Impact of Using the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses." Tropical Doctor 33, no. 2 (April 2003): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947550303300210.
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The strategy of integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) aims at improving the skills of first level health workers and consequently, improving the survival chances of children. The guidelines have been shown to be cost-effective. We aimed to determine the potential impact of using IMCI guidelines on drug treatment cost. The cost of drugs prescribed for 129 sick children, by first level health workers, who were managed at three primary health facilities in Sabon Gari Local Government Area of Kaduna State, was calculated. The corresponding cost using the IMCI guidelines was also calculated. There were 74 males and 55 females (M:F=1.3:1). An average of 4.5 drugs per patient were prescribed by the health workers compared to 2.3 drugs per patient when using the IMCI guidelines. The total cost of drugs prescribed by the health workers was N15 279.39 with an average of N118.44 per child. The corresponding costs had the IMCI guidelines been used were N3 062.53 and N23.73, respectively. Treatment cost using the traditional method was 4.98 times more expensive than using methods advocated by the IMCI guidelines. The projected cost savings related to drugs when using IMCI guidelines were based on the assumption that inappropriate drugs would not be prescribed by health workers once they are introduced to and started using the IMCI guidelines.
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Fujimori, Elizabeth, Cinthia Hiroko Higuchi, Emília Gallindo Cursino, Maria De La Ó. Ramallo Veríssimo, Ana Luiza Vilela Borges, Débora Falleiros de Mello, Lucila Castanheira Nascimento, Verónica Behn, and Lynda Law Wilson. "Teaching of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness strategy in undergraduate nursing programs." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, no. 3 (June 2013): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692013000300002.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the teaching of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy on Brazilian undergraduate nursing programs. METHOD: Integrating an international multicentric study, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted between May and October 2010 with 571 undergraduate nursing programs in Brazil RESULTS: Responses were received from 142 programs, 75% private and 25% public. 64% of them included the IMCI strategy in the theoretical content, and 50% of the programs included IMCI as part of the students' practical experience. The locations most used for practical teaching were primary health care units. The 'treatment' module was taught by the fewest number of programs, and few programs had access to the IMCI instructional manuals. All programs used exams for evaluation, and private institutions were more likely to include class participation as part of the evaluation. Teaching staff in public institutions were more likely to have received training in teaching IMCI. CONCLUSION: In spite of the relevance of the IMCI strategy in care of the child, its content is not addressed in all undergraduate programs in Brazil, and many programs do not have access to the IMCI teaching manuals and have not provide training in IMCI to their teaching staff.
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Patwari, A. K., and Neena Raina. "Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) : A robust strategy." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 69, no. 1 (January 2002): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02723776.
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Paranhos, Vania Daniele, Juliana Coelho Pina, and Débora Falleiros de Mello. "Integrated management of childhood illness with the focus on caregivers: an integrative literature review." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 19, no. 1 (February 2011): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692011000100027.
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The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy addresses the diseases most prevalent in infancy, the reception of the child and family, and the comprehension the problem and effective procedures. The aim was to identify, between 1998 and 2008, publications relating to the IMCI strategy focusing on the caregiver. This study is an Integrative literature review in the Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo databases. The caregivers knew one or more warning signs for acute respiratory infection, but not for diarrhea. Pneumonia was perceived as a serious childhood disease. Communication skills among health professionals trained in the IMCI strategy were different to those in untrained professionals. The follow-up of the health of the child is higher according to the education level of the caregiver, and according to the medications supplied in the consultation and in the follow-up. Regarding the health of the child it is relevant to focus on the IMCI strategy, favoring experiences that include the family in the care.
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Abebe, Ayele Mamo, Mesfin Wudu Kassaw, and Fikir Alebachew Mengistu. "Assessment of Factors Affecting the Implementation of Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness for Treatment of under Five Children by Health Professional in Health Care Facilities in Yifat Cluster in North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia." International Journal of Pediatrics 2019 (December 15, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9474612.
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Background. Every year some 12 million children in developing countries die before they reach their fifth birthday. Seven in ten of these deaths are due to acute respiratory infections (mostly pneumonia), diarrhea, measles, malaria or malnutrition. The WHO Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development (CAH), in collaboration with eleven other WHO programmes and UNICEF, has responded to this challenge by developing the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy. Research that examines assessment of factors influencing the implementing the integrated management of neonatal and childhood illnesses (IMCI) strategy in Ethiopia is limited. Objective. To assess factors influencing the implementation of the IMNCI strategy by health professionals in public health institutions of Yifat cluster in North Shewa zone, Ethiopia, 2018. Method. An institutional based cross-sectional study will be conducted from March to May. A total of 201 health professionals will be selected using proportionally allocated to population size and interviewed using structured and pretested questionnaires. Data will be coded, entered and cleaned using SPSS version 20 for analysis. Univariate (frequency), Bivariate, Multiple logistic regression analysis will be employed. P-value and 95% confidence interval (CI) for OR will be used in judging the significance of the associations. P-value less than 0.05 will be taken as significant association. Results. Data were obtained from 201 health care professionals, yielding a response rate of 100%. The overall IMNCI implementation was 58% as high level implementation and 42% as low level implementation. In multivariate analysis the implementation of IMNCI was higher among IMNCI trained health care professionals ([AOR=2.7, 95% CI: (1.1.278, 4.562)]) and among those whose always referring chart booklet [AOR=2.76, 95% CI: (1.753, 5.975)]. Conclusion. IMNCI strategy can be better implemented through provision of training for the health workers. However, a variety of factor found to be a barrier to IMNCI implementation in a consistent way. Recommendations have been made related to provision of the training to the nurses and Health Care system strengthening among others.
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Khatun, Mst Akhtara, Ashees Kumar Saha, Sabrina Aktar, and Fouzia Hasin. "Knowledge on integrated management of childhood illness among health and family planning field workers." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v7i1.53309.
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Integrated Management of Childhood illness (IMCI) is a strategy for reducing mortality among children under the age of 5 years. This study was aim to assess the level of knowledge on IMCI among health and family planning field worker. Convenience sampling and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 237 respondents. Knowledge level was categorised as good, average and poor while association of categorical data were done by Chi squire test. The mean age of participants was 36.03±10.13 years where (82.3%) respondents were female. The mean duration of job was 11.27± 9.81 years where (71.7%) respondents did not have training on IMCI. Among the respondents, 42.6% didn’t know any of the objectives and 46.8% respondents knew that one of the components of IMCI, 51.5% respondents knew that IMCI to improve the health system and 35.3% respondents knew that IMCI is to improve family and community practice. Signs of diarrhoea in 0-2 month’s old baby was not known by 27.8% respondents. Majority of the respondents (72.2%) had knowledge about increased respiratory rate as a sign of pneumonia. Among the respondents, 42.6% respondents had poor knowledge regarding IMCI while 28.7% had well and (28.7%) had average knowledge. Level of knowledge was significantly associated with age (p<0.026), sex (p<0.001), place of job (p<0.001), designation (p<0.001), type of job (p<0.001), duration of Job (p<0.001), training status (p<0.002). There are many lacks in the knowledge of health and family planning field workers, they need training on IMCI to prevent the under-five mortality and morbidity.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 56-63
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Uwemedimo, Omolara T., Todd P. Lewis, Elsie A. Essien, Grace J. Chan, Humphreys Nsona, Margaret E. Kruk, and Hannah H. Leslie. "Distribution and determinants of pneumonia diagnosis using Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines: a nationally representative study in Malawi." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 2 (March 2018): e000506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000506.
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BackgroundPneumonia remains the leading cause of child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy was developed to standardise care in low-income and middle-income countries for major childhood illnesses and can effectively improve healthcare worker performance. Suboptimal clinical evaluation can result in missed diagnoses and excess morbidity and mortality. We estimate the sensitivity of pneumonia diagnosis and investigate its determinants among children in Malawi.MethodsData were obtained from the 2013–2014 Service Provision Assessment survey, a census of health facilities in Malawi that included direct observation of care and re-examination of children by trained observers. We calculated sensitivity of pneumonia diagnosis and used multilevel log-binomial regression to assess factors associated with diagnostic sensitivity.Results3136 clinical visits for children 2–59 months old were observed at 742 health facilities. Healthcare workers completed an average of 30% (SD 13%) of IMCI guidelines in each encounter. 573 children met the IMCI criteria for pneumonia; 118 (21%) were correctly diagnosed. Advanced practice clinicians were more likely than other providers to diagnose pneumonia correctly (adjusted relative risk 2.00, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.29). Clinical quality was strongly associated with correct diagnosis: sensitivity was 23% in providers at the 75th percentile for guideline adherence compared with 14% for those at the 25th percentile. Contextual factors, facility structural readiness, and training or supervision were not associated with sensitivity.ConclusionsCare quality for Malawian children is poor, with low guideline adherence and missed diagnosis for four of five children with pneumonia. Better sensitivity is associated with provider type and higher adherence to IMCI. Existing interventions such as training and supportive supervision are associated with higher guideline adherence, but are insufficient to meaningfully improve sensitivity. Innovative and scalable quality improvement interventions are needed to strengthen health systems and reduce avoidable child mortality.
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Haryanti, Fitri, Mohammad Hakimi, Yati Sunarto, and Yayi S. Prabandari. "THE IMPACT OF HOSPITAL BASED INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESS TRAINING ON PEDIATRIC NURSE COMPETENCY." Belitung Nursing Journal 4, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.362.
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Background: Although the WHO strategy integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) for primary care has been implemented in over 100 countries, there is less global experience with hospital-based IMCI training. Until recently, no training had been done in Indonesia, and globally there has been limited experience of the role of IMCI in rebuilding health systems after complex emergencies.Objective: We aimed to examine the effect of hospital-based IMCI training on pedicatric nurse competency and explore the perception of Indonesian doctors, nurse managers and paediatricians about IMCI training and its development in West Aceh, a region that was severely affected by the South-Asian tsunami in December 2004.Methods: This study used stepped wedge design. Training was conducted for 39 nurses staff, 13 midwifes, 6 Head nurses, 5 manager of nurses, 5 doctors, 1 paediatricians, and 3 support facilities (nutritionist, pharmacist, laboratory) in Cut Nyak Dien (CND) Hospital in Meulaboh, West Aceh, Indonesia. The IMCI training was developed based on the WHO Pocketbook of Hospital Care for Children. A nurses competency questionnaire was used based on the guideline of assessment of the quality of child health services at the first level reference hospitals in districts / municipalities issued by the Ministry of Health in 2007. A linear mixed model was used for data analysis.Results: The hospital based IMCI training improved the competences of nurses paediatric in assessing emergency signs of the sick children, management of cough and difficulty breathing, diarrhoea, fever, nutritional problems, supportive care, monitoring, discharge planning and follow up. The assessment highlighted several problems in adaptation process of material training, training process and implementation in an environment soon after a major disaster.Conclusion: Hospital based IMCI training can be implemented in a setting after major disasters or internal conflict as part of a rebuilding process. The program requires strong management support and the emergency phase to be subsided. Other pre-requisites include the existence of standard operating procedures, adequate physical facilities and support for staff morale and well-being. Improving the quality of paediatric care requires more than just training and clinical guidelines; internal motivation and health worker support are essential.
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Abayneh, Mohammed, Tsegaye Gebremedhin, Endalkachew Dellie, Chalie Tadie Tsehay, and Asmamaw Atnafu. "Improving the Assessment and Classification of Sick Children according to the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Protocol at Sanja Primary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Pre-Post Interventional Study." International Journal of Pediatrics 2020 (October 19, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2501932.
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Background. A complete and consistent use of integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) protocol is a strategic implementation that has been used to promote the accurate assessment and classifications of childhood illnesses, ensures appropriate combined treatment, strengthens the counseling of caregiver, and speeds up the referrals to decrease child mortality and morbidity. However, there is limited evidence about the complete and consistent use of IMCI protocol during the assessment and classifications of childhood illness in Ethiopia. Therefore, this intervention was implemented to improve the assessment and classifications of childhood illness according to the IMCI protocol in Sanja primary hospital, northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A pre-post interventional study was used in Sanja primary hospital from January 01 to May 30, 2019. A total of 762 (381 for pre and 381 for postintervention) children from 2 months up to 5 years of age were involved in the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire prepared from the IMCI guideline, and a facility checklist was used. A five-month in-service training, weekly supportive supervision, daily morning session, and availing essential drugs and materials were done. Both the descriptive statistics and independent t -test were done. In the independent t -test, a p value of <0.05 and a mean difference with 95% CI were used to declare the significance of the interventions. Results. The findings revealed that the overall completeness of the assessment was improved from 37.8 to 79.8% (mean difference: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.10-0.22), consistency of assessment with classification from 47.5 to 76.9% (mean difference: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.27-0.39), classification with treatment from 42.3 to 75.4% (mean difference: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.28-0.47), and classification with follow-up from 32.8 to 73.0% (mean difference: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.29-0.42). Conclusion. The intervention has a significant improvement in the assessment and classification of childhood illness according to the IMCI protocol. Therefore, steps must be taken to ensure high quality of training, adequate supervision including the observation of health workers managing sick children during supervisory visits, and a constant supply of essential drugs and job aids for successful implementation of IMCI in the hospital and also to other facilities.
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Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia, Guilhem Labadie, Thandassery Ramachandran Dilip, Nicholas Oliphant, Sarah L. Dalglish, Samira Aboubaker, Olga Adjoa Agbodjan-Prince, et al. "Global implementation survey of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI): 20 years on." BMJ Open 8, no. 7 (July 2018): e019079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019079.
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ObjectiveTo assess the extent to which Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) has been adopted and scaled up in countries.SettingThe 95 countries that participated in the survey are home to 82% of the global under-five population and account for 95% of the 5.9 million deaths that occurred among children less than 5 years of age in 2015; 93 of them are low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional self-administered survey. Questionnaires and data analysis focused on (1) giving a general overview of current organisation and financing of IMCI at country level, (2) describing implementation of IMCI’s three original components and (3) reporting on innovations, barriers and opportunities for expanding access to care for children. A single data file was created using all information collected. Analysis was performed using STATA V.11.ParticipantsIn-country teams consisting of representatives of the ministry of health and country offices of WHO and Unicef.ResultsEighty-one per cent of countries reported that IMCI implementation encompassed all three components. Almost half (46%; 44 countries) reported implementation in 90% or more districts as well as all three components in place (full implementation). These full-implementer countries were 3.6 (95% CI 1.5 to 8.9) times more likely to achieve Millennium Development Goal 4 than other (not full implementer) countries. Despite these high reported implementation rates, the strategy is not reaching the children who need it most, as implementation is lowest in high mortality countries (39%; 7/18).ConclusionThis survey provides a unique opportunity to better understand how implementation of IMCI has evolved in the 20 years since its inception. Results can be used to assist in formulating strategies, policies and activities to support improvements in the health and survival of children and to help achieve the health-related, post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI strategy)"
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Maleshane, Motlalepule Molemoeng Yvonne. "Challenges of nurses in a primary health care setting regarding implementation of integrated management of childhood illnesses / Motlalepule Molemoeng Yvonne Maleshane." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9782.
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Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) is a strategy that was developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) to reduce the mortality and morbidity rate of children younger than 5 years and to improve the quality of life of these children. The reduction of child mortality and morbidity is one of the Millennium Developmental Goals (MDGs) as sub-Saharan Africa has a high child mortality and morbidity prevalence. The IMCI strategy has three components namely case management, the health system and the household and community component. This strategy was implemented internationally, including South Africa, where it is implemented within Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities.
The implementation of the IMCI strategy was introduced to the PHC environment of South Africa and aims to enhance the equity, accessibility, affordability and availability of health care to all South African citizens, with the focus in this study on the child younger than 5 years. The North West province started training the professional nurses and implemented IMCI in 1998. The Dr. Kenneth Kaunda district (one of the districts in North West Province) and with specific focus on the Matlosana sub-district identified challenges in the implementation of the IMCI strategy by professional nurses. Challenges such as a lack of trained staff, the short time frame available for consultation amidst an already overburdened clinic and the physical infrastructure of the PHC facilities are such examples.
The main aim of this research was to explore and gain insight and understanding in the challenges professional nurses working in PHC facilities face regarding the implementation of the IMCI strategy. A qualitative research design was used to conduct this study on daily work-life experiences of the professional nurses. Individual, semi-structured interviews were used as the method of data collection. The main question asked was: “What are the challenges faced by professional nurses in PHC facilities regarding the implementation of the IMCI strategy?” Data saturation was reached after 18 professional nurses were interviewed (N=18). Digitally voice recorded interviews were transcribed and content analysis was conducted. The findings of this research suggest that the professional nurses in the PHC facilities indeed experienced challenges regarding IMCI implementation. The main themes that emerged were challenges regarding the organisation and service delivery; challenges specific to the implementation of the IMCI strategy and also challenges external to the clinic that impacted directly on the IMCI strategy implementation. The findings were discussed with literature integration.
From the research results and conclusions, the researcher compiled recommendations for nursing education, nursing research, and community health practice.Thesis (MCur)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Pillay, Udesvari. "The implementation of the integrated management of childhood illnesses strategy." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/6102.
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This non-experimental, descriptive, quantitative survey attempted to evaluate IMCI implementation in the eThekwini district of KwaZulu -Natal. The study focused on IMCI implementation by IMCI trained registered nurses, health facility support and follow-up and supervision. The research population comprised of all IMCI trained registered nurses working in health facilities in the eThekwini district. The convenient sample consisted of 40 research subjects. Data was collected by means of an interview schedule and a checklist, and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2007. Findings of the study revealed that many of the IMCI trained registered nurses were unable to assess, classify and treat the sick child comprehensively and consistently. The recommended follow-up visit at six weeks after completion of IMCI training, and lack of on-going supervision remains an area of concern. Recommendations were that district or clinic supervisors can enhance the skills of IMCI trained registered nurses through recommended follow-up visits and on-going supervision and the provision of updated IMCI chart booklets.Health Studies
M.A. (Health Studies)
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Mupara, Lucia Mungapeyi. "Challenges identified by experienced IMCI-1-trained registered nurses in implementing the integrated management of childhood illnesses (IMCI) strategy in Gaborone, Botswana." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13183.
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The study was a descriptive quantitative survey which endeavoured to identify
challenges experienced by IMCI trained registered nurses in implementing the
guidelines and procedures of the strategy when tending children under 5 years in
Gaborone health district. The study also solicited for recommendations on how to
address the identified challenges. The research population comprised of all the IMCI-1
trained registered nurses and systematic sampling was employed to randomly select
study participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire and was analysed using
Excel Advanced software package. Study findings identified challenges related to
political support, cost of IMCI training, training coverage, health systems and features of
the IMCI strategy. Recommendations for improving use of the strategy included
garnering for more political support, adopting short duration training courses, scaling up
both pre-service and in-service training as well as addressing the challenges related to
health systems and the unique features of the strategyHealth Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
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Malimabe, Keneuwe Joyce. "A study on the utilisation of integrated management of childhood illnesses (IMCI) in primary health care facilities." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2278.
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This explorative, descriptive quantitative survey attempted to determine whether the reduced number of consultations and admissions of sick children less than five years in Emfuleni sub- district clinics is due to the utilisation of the IMCI strategy or other health services. The research population comprised of all the mothers/caretakers of children less than five years who utilised the clinics and those who consulted the private medical doctor. The convenient sample consisted of 169 candidates. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire and analysed using the SAS/Basic computer statistical software package. Findings of the study revealed a need to address the major concern about the waiting time and operational times in all the three clinics. Recommendations were made that staff allocation procedures and policies be reviewed in order to abate long waiting periods at the clinics where children with childhood illnesses are treated.Health Studies
M.A. (Health Studies)
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Ngake, Sebotse Salvaciah. "The status of pre-sevice integrated management of childhood illness strategy (IMCI) training in the public nursing colleges of South Africa." Thesis, 2014.
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Aim: The study aimed at describing the status of implementation of pre-service IMCI training in the public nursing colleges of South Africa as at 2010.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive survey of public nursing colleges of South Africa was conducted from May to June 2011. There are 32 public nursing colleges in South Africa, and each of the nine provinces has at least one. All 32 nursing colleges were included in the study.
Study population: The study population included all nurse educators in the public nursing colleges teaching pre-service IMCI of student nurses in South Africa.
Sampling: Two nurse educators teaching the IMCI strategy from each of the 32 public nursing colleges was included in the survey. Two nurse educators from each completed the questionnaire.Results: Pre-service IMCI training was introduced into the four-year basic diploma curriculum in the public nursing colleges between 2004 and 2009. Nurse educators teaching IMCI are not all trained in this strategy. Teaching methods used at these public nursing colleges include lectures, group discussions, practical and video shows. The availability of facilitators and training material are key success factors to IMCI teaching in the public nursing colleges. Constraints experienced included lack of human, material and financial resources, poor planning, and limited time for both theoretical and practical teaching due to a packed curriculum, as well as a lack of managerial support at all administrative levels.
Conclusion: The success in pre-service IMCI training in the public nursing colleges depends on the availability of resources and ongoing managerial support to the nurse educators. New teaching methods and approaches, such as computerised tools, can be introduced to increase number of student nurses trained in this method. A mixed approach is recommended as it enables students to have continuous exposure to IMCI sessions throughout their years of study.
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Magagula, Anne Rose Nthabiseng. "Utilization of expanded programme on immunisation and integrated management of childhood illnesses for tracking and management of HIV-exposed babies." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19630.
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The study sought to determine the meaning and interpretation by facility managers and nurses on utilisation of expanded programme on immunisation and integrated management of childhood illnesses (EPI and IMCI) programmes for follow-up and antibody testing of HIV-exposed infants (HEI) at 18 months. Also to understand the factors within the health systems that influence the follow-up and antibody testing. The study setting selected was six facilities in Steve Tshwete subdistrict in Nkangala district of Mpumalanga province in South Africa.
The study used a hermeneutic phenomenology using in-depth interviews for collecting data from 4 facility managers and 12 nurses. The major themes that emerged from the interviews were referral, defaulting, integration, stigma, and off-site ART initiation within the health system. These were found to influence the utilisation of HEI and IMCI services for follow-up and management of HEI. It was also found that the importance of integrating the management of HEI into the EPI and IMCI cannot be overemphasised. It was concluded that the Health Department needs to be vigilant and use all available resources to manage HEI to meet the MDG 4 of prevention of infant mortalityHealth Studies
M.A. (Nursing Science)
Book chapters on the topic "Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI strategy)"
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Lankester, Ted. "Dealing with childhood illnesses." In Setting up Community Health Programmes in Low and Middle Income Settings, edited by Ted Lankester and Nathan Grills, 271–93. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198806653.003.0016.
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This chapter discusses diseases that commonly kill children. It covers, causes, priorities, and community-based and clinic programmes, including immunization and the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI). It emphasizes ways in which diarrhoea, pneumonia, and malaria can be managed at community and family level. It highlights the dangers and types of diarrhoea, its causes, and treatment. It includes a detailed section on dehydration and oral rehydration therapy (ORT and ORS), appropriate rehydrating foods, and how these can be embedded into use by families. It describes acute respiratory infection (ARI), its causes, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Importantly, it describes how community health workers (CHWs) and community members can assess ARI severity and how it can be best treated, including the careful use of community-based and home-based antibiotics in remoter areas. Finally, the chapter addresses malaria diagnosis and treatment, particularly how a community can set up a step-by-step control programme.