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1
Vijayasree, N. K., and M. L. Munjal. "On an Integrated Transfer Matrix method for multiply connected mufflers." Journal of Sound and Vibration 331, no. 8 (April 2012): 1926–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.12.003.
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Chen, Feng, and Wei Zhang. "Studies on Dynamic Characteristics of Main Shaft for TM Electronic Jacquard Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 1290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.1290.
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The integrated transfer matrix method is brought forward on the basis of transfer matrix method and integrated transfer matrix theory is applied to the analysis on the dynamic characteristics of the main shaft for TM electronic jacquard machine. Through analysis on the dynamic model of the main shaft, the critical speed and the vibrating model of the main shaft for the high-speed electronic jacquard machine are derived theoretically and calculated and the first several order natural frequencies and the corresponding main vibration models of the main shaft are found. It is shown from the comparative analysis of the calculation results that the integrated transfer matrix method with higher computation accuracy can keep the characteristics of transfer matrix method such as simple programming, small computation amount and fast operation speed. This analysis and calculation method has higher reference value to the design of the main shaft of other types of jacquard machine and the dynamic analysis of similar complex rotor system.
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Cai, Xiaobing, Jun Yang, and Gengkai Hu. "Optimization on microlattice materials for sound absorption by an integrated transfer matrix method." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 137, no. 4 (April 2015): EL334—EL339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4916791.
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ZANDEVAKILI, HAMED, ALI MAHANI, and MOHSEN SANEEI. "PROBABILISTIC TRANSFER MATRIX WITH MIXED BINARY-DECIMAL CODING FOR LOGIC CIRCUIT RELIABILITY ANALYSIS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 22, no. 08 (September 2013): 1350064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126613500643.
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Technology scale leads to increasing the vulnerability of new integrated logic circuits. The high-energy neutrons (present in terrestrial cosmic radiation) and alpha particles (that originate from impurities in the packaging materials) play important role in occurrence of transient faults which are effective factor for designing reliable integrated circuits. Thus, a fast and scalable method to obtain accurate reliability value is an issue to have a dependable logic circuit design. In this paper, a new fast and scalable method is proposed to calculate the circuit reliability in which the effects of nested reconvergent paths, as a main source of inaccuracy, is considered. In the presence of reconverging signals a binary probability matrix is used to resolve signals correlation problem and increase the accuracy of the obtained reliability. Also a new mixed binary-decimal code allocation is proposed to increase the scalability of the method and reduce the complexity of calculation. Simulation results show that our proposed solution is a fast method with less complexity and also gives an accurate reliability value in comparison with other methods.
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VLĂDESCU, Elena, and Daniela DRAGOMAN. "Integrated Optical Circuits with Surface Plasmon Polaritons." Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Physics and Chemistry 5, no. 1 (2020): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2020.1.181.
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This thesis presents innovative contributions to the study of metal-dielectricmetal (MDM) integrated optical circuits with surface plasmon polaritons, using the transmission lines analogy for microwaves, the transfer matrix theory and the even-odd method. In the last chapter, I studied a plasmonic pulse to see how its shape changes when passing through waveguides with a variable number of periodic cells.
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Xu, Jing, Guang Chen, Xiangjun Bao, Xin He, and Qingyue Duan. "A Study on the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Steel Plate in the Matrix Laminar Cooling Process." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2021): 5680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195680.
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Accurate prediction and control of the steel plate temperature in the laminar cooling process are very challenging. In this research, an experimental platform was built to measure the heat transfer characteristics of the steel plate in the process of matrix laminar spray cooling when the steel plate is one millimeter away from the upper surface. The “buried couple method” was used, including the cooling temperature and cooling rate. Then, the temperature and the integrated heat transfer coefficient at the steel plate surface were calculated by the time-sequential function method (TSFM). The obtained results show that the fast cooling stage under the water cooling condition occurred in the first 1.5 s, and the measuring point temperature decreased by 8%. The “re-reddening” phenomenon of the steel plate appeared with time, and the measuring point temperature increased by 37%. Second, the maximum calculated difference between the surface temperature and the measuring point temperature was 0.75 °C, and the integrated heat transfer coefficient conformed to the periodic boundary features. The comprehensive convective heat transfer coefficient on the surface was in agreement with the periodic boundary characteristics, and its value exhibited oscillatory attenuation with the cooling process, and the oscillatory peak period was about 6 seconds. Two methods, sequential function method (SFM) and finite difference method (FDM), were used to verify the correctness of TSFM.
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Zhou, Hua-qing, Yi An, Bin He, and Hao-nan Qi. "Finite strip-Riccati transfer matrix method for buckling analysis of tree-branched cross-section thin-walled members." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 3 (March 2022): 168781322210827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878132221082764.
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Thin-walled components are gaining wide application in the field of modern engineering structures. The buckling analysis of thin-walled structures has thus become an important research topic. Here, we developed a new method named as finite strip-Riccati transfer matrix method (Riccati FSTMM) for buckling analysis of tree-branched cross-section thin-walled members. The method integrates Riccati transfer matrix method (Riccati TMM) for tree multi-body system with semi-analytical finite strip method (SA-FSM). Compared to SA-FSM, Riccati FSTMM features a smaller matrix and higher calculation efficiency, with no need for global stiffness matrix. In addition, by arranging uniformly distributed middle nodal lines inside strip elements, we developed the high order finite strip-Riccati transfer matrix method (Riccati HFSTMM) for buckling analysis of tree-branched cross-section thin-walled members. This method further improves the efficiency and accuracy of Riccati FSTMM. We tested the two proposed methods with two numerical examples, and demonstrated their superior reliability and efficiency over the finite element method (FEM).
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Zhang, Yiming, Jingang Wang, Pengcheng Zhao, Yangtian Yan, Ruiqiang Zhang, and Xiaojun Yan. "Method of Calculating FVC and FEV1 Based on Integrated Transfer Impedance With Higher-Order Modified Parameter Matrix." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 71 (2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3132055.
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Lin, Han-Chun, Shu-Cheng Lu, and Hsin-Haou Huang. "Evaluation of a Hybrid Underwater Sound-Absorbing Metastructure by Using the Transfer Matrix Method." Materials 16, no. 4 (February 18, 2023): 1718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041718.
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In this study, we designed a novel hybrid underwater sound-absorbing material of the metastructure that contains a viscoelastic substrate with a microperforated panel. Two types of sound-absorbing metastructures were combined to achieve satisfactory sound absorption performance in the low-frequency range. A homogenized equivalent layer and the integrated transfer matrix method were used to theoretically evaluate the sound absorption performance of the designed nonhomogeneous hybrid metastructure. The theoretical results were then compared with the results obtained using the finite-element method. The designed hybrid sound-absorbing metastructure exhibited two absorption peaks because of its different sound-absorbing mechanisms. The acoustic performance of the developed metastructure is considerably better than that of a traditional sound absorber, and the sound absorption coefficient of the developed metastructure is 0.8 in the frequency range of 3–10 kHz. In addition, an adjustment method for the practical underwater application of the designed metastructure is described in this research. Further studies show that the sound absorption coefficient of the adjusted metastructure still has 0.75 in the frequency range of 3–10 kHz, which indicates that this metastructure has the potential to be used as an underwater sound-absorbing structure. The results of this study can be used as a reference in the design of other novel hybrid underwater sound-absorbing structures.
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Fu, Ke, and James K. Mills. "A Convex Approach Solving Simultaneous Mechanical Structure and Control System Design Problems With Multiple Closed-loop Performance Specifications." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 127, no. 1 (June 16, 2004): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1876493.
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In this paper, a new integrated design method, referred to as the extended multiple simultaneous specification (EMSS) method, is proposed to solve simultaneous mechanical structure and control system design problems in which a set of n multiple closed-loop performance specifications must be simultaneously satisfied. To utilize this approach, all closed-loop performance specifications considered must have the property that they are convex with respect to the closed-loop system transfer matrix. With the proposed approach, a simply implemented two-stage design approach is used to determine a set of open-loop mechanical system design parameters and a closed-loop controller which simultaneously satisfies a set of n closed-loop performance specifications. In the first stage, for each closed-loop performance specification, one “sample system,” i.e., the closed-loop system with one set of mechanical design parameters with a closed-loop controller chosen from the set of all linear controllers, is determined by trial and error, such that the specification is satisfied. In the second stage, the transfer matrix of the final system, which satisfies all n performance specifications, is determined through the convex combination of the transfer matrices of n sample systems. A linear programming problem is solved to give the combination vector for this convex combination. With the closed-loop transfer matrix given, the mechanical design parameters, the closed-loop controller structure and its gains, are solved algebraically. In this paper, we establish conditions for the existence of a solution to this integrated design problem as well as prove that the EMSS approach retains the stability properties of the sample systems. Experimental results of the EMSS method, carried out on a linear positioning system are given, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method. We note that the proposed EMSS method works well when the number of design parameters to be determined is small. Further, the proposed EMSS method also has some utility as a controller design method, to determine a closed-loop controller that satisfies a set of n multiple closed-loop performance specifications, given a fixed mechanical system structure.
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Wang, Xiao, Zelin Shi, and Baoshu Xu. "A Modularized Noise Analysis Method with Its Application in Readout Circuit Design." VLSI Design 2015 (September 9, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/593019.
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A readout integrated circuit (ROIC) is a crucial part that determines the quality of imaging. In order to analyze the noise of a ROIC with distinct illustration of each noise source transferring, a modularized noise analysis method is proposed whose application is applied for a ROIC cell, where all the MOSFETs are optimized in subthreshold region, leading to the power dissipation 2.8 μW. The modularized noise analysis begins with the noise model built using transfer functions and afterwards presents the transfer process of noise in the form of matrix, through which we can describe the contribution of each noise source to the whole output noise clearly, besides optimizing the values of key components. The optimal noise performance is obtained under the limitation of layout area less than 30 μm × 30 μm, resulting in that the integration capacitor should be selected as 0.74 pF to achieve an optimal noise performance, the whole output noise reaching the minimum value at 74.1 μV. In the end transient simulations utilizing Verilog-A are carried out for comparisons. The results showing good agreement verify the feasibility of the method presented through matrix.
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Zhang, Yongjian, Lin Wang, Guo Wei, and Chunfeng Gao. "Polar Region Integrated Navigation Method Based on Covariance Transformation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 9572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11209572.
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Aircraft flying the trans-arctic routes usually apply inertial navigation mechanization in two different navigation frames, e.g., the local geographic frame and the grid frame. However, this change of navigation frame will cause filter overshoot and error discontinuity. To solve this problem, taking the inertial navigation system/global navigation satellite system (INS/GNSS) integrated navigation system as an example, an integrated navigation method based on covariance transformation is proposed. The relationship of the system error state between different navigation frames is deduced as a means to accurately convert the Kalman filter’s covariance matrix. The experiment and semi-physical simulation results show that the presented covariance transformation algorithm can effectively solve the filter overshoot and error discontinuity caused by the change of navigation frame. Compared with non-covariance transformation, the system state error is thereby reduced significantly.
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Wang, Hongwei, Yan Ran, Shengyong Zhang, and Yulong Li. "Coupling and Decoupling Measurement Method of Complete Geometric Errors for Multi-Axis Machine Tools." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 22, 2020): 2164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062164.
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Precision and ultra-precision machining technology rely mainly on the machine tools’ accuracy. To improve it, the measurement, calculation, prediction and control of geometric errors are critical. The traditional measurement methods have lower precision because of ignoring small angle errors. To obtain complete geometric errors of multi-axis machine tools, this paper proposes a new method of coupling and decoupling measurement. Specifically, we used a laser interferometer and dial indicators to measure 36 items of complete geometric errors of multi-axis machine tools. A homogeneous transformation matrix (HTM) was applied to model the error transfer route. The transfer law of complete errors for each machining point was explored and derived. Furthermore, we selected and calculated integrated errors of 36 machining points. Finally, we proved the correctness of the method by comparing the measurement result of a ball bar test and coupling and decoupling measurement of geometric errors. We found that items of small geometric angle errors have a greater impact on machining accuracy than those of geometric displacement errors. Complete geometric errors measured via the coupling and decoupling measurement method can evaluate integrated errors more precisely and comprehensively.
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Hao, Junhong, Youjun Zhang, and Nian Xiong. "The Integrated Component-System Optimization of a Typical Thermal Management System by Combining Empirical and Heat Current Methods." Energies 13, no. 23 (December 1, 2020): 6347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236347.
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Integration of modeling and optimization of a thermal management system simultaneously depends on heat transfer performance of the components and the topological characteristics of the system. This paper introduces a heat current method to construct the overall heat current layout of a typical double-loop thermal management system. We deduce the system heat transfer matrix as the whole system constraint based on the overall heat current layout. Moreover, we consider the influences of structural and operational parameters on the thermal hydraulic performances of each heat exchanger by combining the empirical correlations of the heat transfer and pressure drop. Finally, the minimum pressure drop is obtained by solving these optimal governing equations derived by the Lagrange multiplier method considering the physical constraints and operational conditions. The optimization results show that the minimum pressure drop reduces about 8.1% with the optimal allocation of mass flow rates of each fluid. Moreover, the impact analyses of structural and operating parameters and boundary conditions on the minimum and optimal allocation present that the combined empirical correlation-heat current method is feasible and significant for achieving integrated component-system modeling and optimization.
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Si, Guoning, Mengqiu Chu, Zhuo Zhang, Haijie Li, and Xuping Zhang. "Integrating Dynamics into Design and Motion Optimization of a 3-PRR Planar Parallel Manipulator with Discrete Time Transfer Matrix Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (May 12, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2761508.
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This paper presents a novel method of dynamic modeling and design optimization integrated with dynamics for parallel robot manipulators. Firstly, a computationally efficient modeling method, the discrete time transfer matrix method (DT-TMM), is proposed to establish the dynamic model of a 3-PRR planar parallel manipulator (PPM) for the first time. The numerical simulations are performed with both the proposed DT-TMM dynamic modeling and the ADAMS modeling. The applicability and effectiveness of DT-TMM in parallel manipulators are verified by comparing the numerical results. Secondly, the design parameters of the 3-PRR parallel manipulator are optimized using the kinematic performance indices, such as global workspace conditioning index (GWCI), global condition index (GCI), and global gradient index (GGI). Finally, a dynamic performance index, namely, driving force index (DFI), is proposed based on the established dynamic model. The described motion trajectory of the moving platform is placed into the optimized workspace and the initial position is determined to finalize the end-effector trajectory of the parallel manipulator by the further optimization with the integrated kinematic and dynamic performance indices. The novelty of this work includes (1) developing a new dynamic model method with high computation efficiency for parallel robot manipulators using DT-TMM and (2) proposing a new dynamic performance index and integrating the dynamic index into the motion and design optimization of parallel robot manipulators.
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Liu, Sha, and Jiong Shen. "Improved Thermoeconomic Energy Efficiency Analysis for Integrated Energy Systems." Processes 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10010137.
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The structure of an integrated energy system is complex. Thermoeconomics can play a significant role in the analysis of IES because it makes up for the deficiency of traditional thermodynamic analysis and provides new information on the cost and energy conversion efficiency. When using thermoeconomics to analyze the energy efficiency of an IES, one key issue that needs to be solved is how to transfer irreversible loss across thermal cycles, so that the mechanism of system performance degradation can be fully revealed. To this end, an irreversible cost and exergy cost integrated analysis method based on improved thermoeconomics is proposed, in which the cumulative and transmission impact of irreversible loss across thermal cycles is evaluated using linear transformation of <KP> matrix. A case study on a 389MW combined cooling, heating, and power IES demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach can reveal the key links impairing the overall energy efficiency and transfer of irreversible loss across thermal cycles. The approach can be extended to various types of IES to provide directions for the assessment and optimization of the system.
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RITTWEGER, ANDREAS, SUSANNE CHRISTIANSON, and HUBA ÖRY. "DIMENSIONING OF ORTHOTROPICALLY STIFFENED CFRP SHELLS OF LARGE LAUNCH VEHICLES FOR LOAD INTRODUCTION AND STABILITY." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 10, no. 04 (October 2010): 601–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455410003646.
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The dimensioning of an orthotropically stiffened cylindrical CFRP shell subjected to the introduction of concentrated axial loads using rapid analytical methods is presented. For stress calculation the shell equations are simplified by applying the semibending theory and integrated by employing the transfer matrix method. Analytical approaches are used for stability verification. The dimensioning considers required constraints in the force flux distribution, strength of the laminate, general instability, panel instability (from ring frame to ring frame) and local instability. The rapid analytical methods allow mass optimization. The final design is confirmed by detailed FE analysis. A comparison of the FE analysis with the analytical results is shown.
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Van den Bulck, E., and S. A. Klein. "A Single-Blow Test Procedure for Compact Heat and Mass Exchangers." Journal of Heat Transfer 112, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910379.
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This paper discusses a single-blow test procedure for estimating the overall heat and mass transfer coefficients of compact dehumidifier matrices. The procedure consists of three sequential experimental procedures for obtaining, respectively, the core geometry of the test matrix, the active mass of sorbent within the matrix, and the distributions of the temperature and humidity ratio responses with time and distance in the flow direction. The analysis technique paired to the experimental procedure is based upon the transformation of the model partial differential equations into a set of ordinary differential equations. The temperature and mass-fraction distributions are then modeled by a system of nonstiff ordinary differential equations, which can be easily integrated numerically. The Lewis number, defined as the ratio of the overall heat to mass transfer coefficients, determines the shape of the distributions with a dimensionless flow coordinate x+. With a curve fit method, the experimental Lewis number can be determined with acceptable accuracy. The procedure is illustrated with selected experimental results for humid air and a silica gel matrix.
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Zhang, Mingyan, and Luolan Shen. "3D Design Platform of Virtual National Costume Based on Digital Nonlinear Random Matrix." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (July 30, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4957672.
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The traditional two-dimensional clothing CAD system is more and more difficult to meet the needs of the three-dimensional design of virtual national clothing products. Based on the digital nonlinear random matrix theory, this paper constructs a three-dimensional design platform for virtual ethnic clothing and proposes a weighted graph tree representation method for the deviation transfer process of nonlinear ethnic clothing. The model first analyzes the business links and information related to the deviation transfer modeling of ethnic clothing and establishes a hierarchical relationship tree, a method of expressing the order of ethnic clothing, and a method of expressing deviation. The weighted graph tree model and construction rules of the deviation transmission process realize the integrated expression of the deviation transmission information of ethnic clothing and solve the nonlinear problem in the transmission of ethnic clothing deviation. During the simulation process, the article uses the three-dimensional geometric modeling tool POSER to establish a standard entry model, edit it in 3DS MAX and export the file, read it, and parameterize it through programming, and realize the drawing of the three-dimensional avatar model based on OpenGL. The experimental results show that the parametric avatar model established by the system is accurate and realistic and can quickly convert the 3D style to the N-dimensional pattern.
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Song, Jun Hee. "Manufacturing method of carbon and glass fabric composites with dispersed nanofibers using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding." e-Polymers 14, no. 5 (September 1, 2014): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2014-0091.
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AbstractFiber-reinforced composites have favorable structural characteristics such as their light weight, high specific strength, and high stiffness. Vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM), used for manufacturing these composites, is relatively simple and provides materials with excellent mechanical properties. In this study, the author investigated the utility of VARTM in improving the performance of a carbon nanofiber (CNF)/carbon fiber composite impregnated with thermosetting resin. Processing parameters were determined, and the integrity of the manufactured composites was assessed. Carbon and glass fibers were used as reinforcing materials in an epoxy resin matrix. CNFs, which have excellent thermal and electrical characteristics, were dispersed in the composites. The pore sizes using the 0°/90°- and 90°/45° types of laminates were about 45 and 50 μm, respectively. The integrated composites produced had low porosity (below 3.7×10-5%).
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He, Pei, Yangming Guo, Xiaodong Wang, Shiqi Zhang, and Zhihao Zhong. "A Multi-Level Fuzzy Evaluation Method for the Reliability of Integrated Energy Systems." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010274.
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With the increase in environmental pressure and rapid development of renewable energy technologies, an integrated energy system has been recognized as an effective approach to accommodate large-scale renewables and achieve environmental sustainability. While an integrated energy system significantly improves energy efficiency, the interaction between different energy systems may also bring multiple operational risks to its reliability, which necessitates an effective reliability assessment technique. In this paper, we proposed a multi-level fuzzy evaluation model based on combined empowerment for the reliability evaluation of an integrated energy system. The analytic hierarchy process method and entropy weight method were used to calculate the weight of each index in the evaluation model. Fuzzy evaluation matrix was constructed by the membership degree of a single factor, which was defined by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The multi-level fuzzy evaluation results were obtained based on single-level evaluation results. Finally, case studies were carried out based on a practical integrated energy system; we proposed 5 first-level indicators such as reliability and economy and 12 second-level indicators such as mean time of incapacity. The simulation results (85.15) showed the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed model.
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Zhan, Wei Gang, Jia Wang, and Nian Li Lu. "Research on Support Spacing of Tower Crane." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.499.
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This paper presents an analysis in attachment spacing of tower cranes. Both the support spacing under the rigid support and the flexible support are obtained for this purpose. For deriving the rigid support spacing, differential equation is used. The principle is used for calculating the support spacing, which the extended segment has the same Euler critical force with the independent segment. The flexible support distance is obtained by setting the integrated stiffness matrix zero, which is equivalent to structural instability. The order of the overall stiffness matrix is big when the tower crane is attached many times. In order to calculate more convenient for solving the matrix determinant, a transfer matrix method is adopted. To verify the influence of the flexibility caused by the support device, an example is carried out by both rigid and flexible support situations for this purpose, and the support spacing is computed numerically. Numerical results for the support distances of a tower crane will be presented and discussed.
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Fan, Jinwei, Peitong Wang, and Zhuang Li. "A novel geometric error identification and prediction approach." MATEC Web of Conferences 363 (2022): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236301007.
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This paper proposed an integrated geometric error identification and prediction method to solve the uncertainty problem of the PDGEs of rotary axis. First, based on homogeneous transform matrix (HTM) and multi-body system (MBS) theory, The transfer matrix only considering the C-axes rotated is derived to the position error model. Then a geometric errors identification of rotary axis is introduced by measuring the error increment in three directions. Meanwhile the geometric errors of C-axis are described as truncated Fourier polynomials caused by fitting discrete values. Thus, The geometric error identification is converted into the function coefficient. Finally, the proposed new prediction and identification model of PDGEs in the global frame are verified through simulation and experiments with double ball-bar tests.
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Malar Kodi, A., V. Doni Pon, and K. S. Joseph Wilson. "Analysis of photonic band gap in novel piezoelectric photonic crystal." Modern Physics Letters B 32, no. 08 (March 12, 2018): 1850024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984918500240.
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The transmission properties of one-dimensional novel photonic crystal having silver-doped novel piezoelectric superlattice and air as the two constituent layers have been investigated by means of transfer matrix method. By changing the appropriate thickness of the layers and filling factor of nanocomposite system, the variation in the photonic band gap can be studied. It is found that the photonic band gap increases with the filling factor of the metal nanocomposite and with the thickness of the layer. These structures possess unique characteristics enabling one to operate as optical waveguides, selective filters, optical switches, integrated piezoelectric microactuators, etc.
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Choi, Yo-Seb, Suk-Yoon Hong, Jee-Hun Song, Hyun-Wung Kwon, and Jee-Hwoon Kang. "Power transformer excitation force estimation for load noise reduction using experimental apparatus based on beamforming theory." Noise Control Engineering Journal 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/37706.
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To comply with noise regulations in residential areas, low-noise electrical transformers must be developed. However, it is difficult to accurately reflect the frequency characteristics of the transformer, which have a large influence on the noise produced, because the high voltage and current make it impossible to experimentally measure the internal excitation forces involved. In this paper, we propose a new method using an experimental apparatus for estimating the internal excitation forces experienced by transformers whose results accurately reflect the actual frequency characteristics of the transformer. To estimate the excitation force, the pressure distribution data outside the enclosure of a transformer was experimentally measured by the experimental apparatus based on a beamforming method, and the transfer function from the excitation source to the noise radiation was derived numerically. The excitation force was then derived using the pressure distribution data and transfer function. Based on the estimated excitation force, the contribution of each vibration transmission path was derived using transfer path analysis with integrated transfer function matrix as a basis for creating an effective noise reduction plan. The noise reduction plan based on our method was able to reduce transformer noise sufficiently to meet the noise standard set in standard transformer export contracts.
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Zhu, Yin, Yuqiang Chen, Zhongqi Lu, Sinno Pan, Gui-Rong Xue, Yong Yu, and Qiang Yang. "Heterogeneous Transfer Learning for Image Classification." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 25, no. 1 (August 4, 2011): 1304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v25i1.8090.
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Transfer learning as a new machine learning paradigm has gained increasing attention lately. In situations where the training data in a target domain are not sufficient to learn predictive models effectively, transfer learning leverages auxiliary source data from other related source domains for learning. While most of the existing works in this area only focused on using the source data with the same structure as the target data, in this paper, we push this boundary further by proposing a heterogeneous transfer learning framework for knowledge transfer between text and images. We observe that for a target-domain classification problem, some annotated images can be found on many social Web sites, which can serve as a bridge to transfer knowledge from the abundant text documents available over the Web. A key question is how to effectively transfer the knowledge in the source data even though the text can be arbitrarily found. Our solution is to enrich the representation of the target images with semantic concepts extracted from the auxiliary source data through a novel matrix factorization method. By using the latent semantic features generated by the auxiliary data, we are able to build a better integrated image classifier. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm on the Caltech-256 image dataset.
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He, Chu, Mingxia Tu, Dehui Xiong, and Mingsheng Liao. "Nonlinear Manifold Learning Integrated with Fully Convolutional Networks for PolSAR Image Classification." Remote Sensing 12, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12040655.
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Synthetic Aperture Rradar (SAR) provides rich ground information for remote sensing survey and can be used all time and in all weather conditions. Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) can further reveal surface scattering difference and improve radar’s application ability. Most existing classification methods for PolSAR imagery are based on manual features, such methods with fixed pattern has poor data adaptability and low feature utilization, if directly input to the classifier. Therefore, combining PolSAR data characteristics and deep network with auto-feature learning ability forms a new breakthrough direction. In fact, feature learning of deep network is to realize function approximation from data to label, through multi-layer accumulation, but finite layers limit the network’s mapping ability. According to manifold hypothesis, high-dimensional data exists in potential low-dimensional manifold and different types of data locates in different manifolds. Manifold learning can model core variables of the target, and separate different data’s manifold as much as possible, so as to complete data classification better. Therefore, taking manifold hypothesis as a starting point, nonlinear manifold learning integrated with fully convolutional networks for PolSAR image classification method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, high-dimensional polarized features are extracted based on scattering matrix and coherence matrix of original PolSAR data, whose compact representation is mined by manifold learning. Meanwhile, drawing on transfer learning, pre-trained Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN) model is utilized to learn deep spatial features of PolSAR imagery. Considering complementary advantages, weighted strategy is adopted to embed manifold representation into deep spatial features, which are input into support vector machine (SVM) classifier for final classification. A series of experiments on three PolSAR datasets have verified effectiveness and superiority of the proposed classification algorithm.
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Kwon, Seong-Geun, Oh-Jun Kwon, Ki-Ryong Kwon, and Suk-Hwan Lee. "UWB and MEMS IMU Integrated Positioning Algorithm for a Work-Tool Tracking System." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 8826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11198826.
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In this paper, we address a system that can accurately locate and monitor work tools in a complex assembly process, such as automotive production. Our positioning monitoring system is positioned by a combined sensor of the UWB module and the MEMS IMU (inertial measuring unit) sensor based on the extended Kalman filter. The MEMS IMU sensor provides the positioning calibration information. The proposed method incorporates IMU and UWB positioning to compensate for errors that can only occur in UWB positioning through the extended Kalman filter (EKT). This EKT is improved by the error dynamic equation derived from the sparse state-space matrix. Also, the proposed method computes the transmission time and distance between the tag and anchor of the UWB module by the TWR (two-way range) system. The tag of a mobile node, which is attached to a moving tool, measures the position of the work tool and transmits the position coordinate data to the anchor. Here, the proposed method uses the trilateration localization method by the confidence distance compensation to prevent the distance error by obstacles and changes in the indoor environment. Experimental results verified that the proposed method confirms whether a specific tool is accurately used according to the prescribed regulations and has more positioning accuracy than the conventional methods.
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Xueting, Liu. "Personalized Recommendation Algorithm of Tourist Attractions Based on Transfer Learning." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (July 7, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2520140.
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With the development of information technology and the popularity of the Internet, the data on the network is growing exponentially. Information overload has become a significant issue for consumers seeking information. A recommendation system was created to detect users’ interests from huge amounts of data and to suit users’ specific information needs. Traditional collaborative filtering recommendation mostly uses scoring data for a recommendation, which has the problem of sparse data, which limits the performance of the recommendation system. On this basis, this paper studies the personalized recommendation algorithm of scenic spots with deep migration. Through the analysis of collaborative filtering recommendation methods, it is found that the traditional collaborative filtering methods only use scoring data for a recommendation, which has the problem of sparse data. Based on the vectorization of user interest, the similarity of user preference is calculated, and the matrix decomposition is carried out in cooperation with user implicit feedback, to integrate the knowledge transfer information into the matrix decomposition model, and make up for the lack of considering the attribute information of scenic spots in the matrix decomposition algorithm, and alleviate the problem of data sparsity. The findings of comparative trials suggest that the personalized scenic location recommendation approach proposed in this study, which is based on the depth migration algorithm, is effective. Compared with the benchmark recommendation method, the recommendation accuracy and recall rate has been improved to a certain extent.
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URANUS, H. P., H. J. W. M. HOEKSTRA, and R. STOFFER. "MODELING AND DESIGN OF REALISTIC Si3N4-BASED INTEGRATED OPTICAL PROGRAMMABLE POWER SPLITTER." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 19, no. 02 (June 2010): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863510005236.
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Controllable splitting of optical power with a large splitting ratio range is often required in an integrated optical chip, e.g. for the readout of phase-shift in a slow-light sensor. In this work, we report the modeling and design of an integrated optical programmable power splitter consisting of a Y-junction with a programmable phase-shifter cascaded to a directional coupler. We used a vectorial mode solver, and a combination of a transfer matrix method with a 3D vectorial coupled-mode theory (CMT) to compute the power transfer ratio of a realistic device structure made of Si 3 N 4, TEOS, and SiO 2 grown on a Si substrate. In the simulations, waveguide attenuation values derived from the measured attenuation of a prefabricated test wafer, have been taken into account. Vectorial modal fields of individual waveguides, as computed by a mode solver, were used as the basis for the CMT computation. In the simulation, an operational wavelength around 632.8 nm was assumed. Our simulations reveal that maximum power splitting ratio can be achieved when the directional coupler is operated as a 3-dB coupler with the phase-shifter set to produce a 90° phase-shift. The required coupler length for such desired operating condition is highly-dependent on the gap size. On the other hand, the inclusion of the waveguide loss and the non-parallel section of the directional coupler into the model only slightly affect the results.
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Latreille, J., A. Samson, U. Tran, C. Mimeault, C. Boily, B. Laflamme, and A. Loutfi. "Implementation of an integrated cancer care network." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e17564-e17564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e17564.
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e17564 Background: In 1998, the province of Quebec adopted its cancer control program (CP). Its goal was to establish a hierarchical and integrated cancer network of interdisciplinary teams. In 2004, a team evaluation process was initiated by the Direction de la lutte contre le cancer (ministry of health) to help implement this program. Methods: The evaluation consisted of completion of a matrix by the requesting team, a visit by a multidisciplinary group of experts and a report card. Three levels of expertise were assessed: core (all), regional (regional hospitals), and supraregional (tumor specific/complex situations). The matrix was based on the fundamental orientations of the CP, thus setting the framework for patient centered care. The conformity indicators were mainly structural and process oriented. In order to be evaluated for the subsequent mandates, teams had to conform to the core mandate. Those who did not succeed had one year to reapply. Mandates are for 4 years. Results: Teams were able to comply with most of the elements of the evaluation matrix. Sessions for clarification and coaching about this new interdisciplinary approach were necessary and helpful. A total of 153 visits were done:70 for core, 8 for regional and 75 for supraregional mandates respectively. Major health institutions such as university hospitals applied for multiple supraregional team designation. In all, 130 teams had their designation confirmed. This process highlighted some common weaknesses such as the lack of use of data for quality control. Conclusions: Acceptance of this hierarchical cancer care model was facilitated by the fact that it was in line with the integrated health care network of Quebec. The evaluation process has had an impact on the way cancer care is delivered in Quebec. This initial phase has helped implement an interdisciplinary patient centered model of care in line with the CP. Participation of different experts has also helped foster knowledge transfer and appropriation of the process. Impact on patient care and satisfaction remains to be assessed. An initial patient's questionnaire has been completed in 2008 and will serve as a control to future surveys. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Peng, Minshi, Yue Li, Brie Wamsley, Yuting Wei, and Kathryn Roeder. "Integration and transfer learning of single-cell transcriptomes via cFIT." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 10 (March 3, 2021): e2024383118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024383118.
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Large, comprehensive collections of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets have been generated that allow for the full transcriptional characterization of cell types across a wide variety of biological and clinical conditions. As new methods arise to measure distinct cellular modalities, a key analytical challenge is to integrate these datasets or transfer knowledge from one to the other to better understand cellular identity and functions. Here, we present a simple yet surprisingly effective method named common factor integration and transfer learning (cFIT) for capturing various batch effects across experiments, technologies, subjects, and even species. The proposed method models the shared information between various datasets by a common factor space while allowing for unique distortions and shifts in genewise expression in each batch. The model parameters are learned under an iterative nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) framework and then used for synchronized integration from across-domain assays. In addition, the model enables transferring via low-rank matrix from more informative data to allow for precise identification in data of lower quality. Compared with existing approaches, our method imposes weaker assumptions on the cell composition of each individual dataset; however, it is shown to be more reliable in preserving biological variations. We apply cFIT to multiple scRNA-seq datasets of developing brain from human and mouse, varying by technologies and developmental stages. The successful integration and transfer uncover the transcriptional resemblance across systems. The study helps establish a comprehensive landscape of brain cell-type diversity and provides insights into brain development.
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Wang, Yinchu, and Haijiang Zhu. "Monocular Depth Estimation: Lightweight Convolutional and Matrix Capsule Feature-Fusion Network." Sensors 22, no. 17 (August 23, 2022): 6344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176344.
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This paper reports a study that aims to solve the problem of the weak adaptability to angle transformation of current monocular depth estimation algorithms. These algorithms are based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) but produce results lacking in estimation accuracy and robustness. The paper proposes a lightweight network based on convolution and capsule feature fusion (CNNapsule). First, the paper introduces a fusion block module that integrates CNN features and matrix capsule features to improve the adaptability of the network to perspective transformations. The fusion and deconvolution features are fused through skip connections to generate a depth image. In addition, the corresponding loss function is designed according to the long-tail distribution, gradient similarity, and structural similarity of the datasets. Finally, the results are compared with the methods applied to the NYU Depth V2 and KITTI datasets and show that our proposed method has better accuracy on the C1 and C2 indices and a better visual effect than traditional methods and deep learning methods without transfer learning. The number of trainable parameters required by this method is 65% lower than that required by methods presented in the literature. The generalization of this method is verified via the comparative testing of the data collected from the internet and mobile phones.
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Ruivo, C. R., J. J. Costa, and A. R. Figueiredo. "Effectiveness Parameters for the Heat and Mass Transfer in a Desiccant Wheel." Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (April 2011): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.205.
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The desiccant wheel is the key component in a solid-desiccant system for air dehumidification. The heat and mass transfer phenomena occurring within the porous channel walls of the wheel and with the airflow are strongly coupled, and some properties of the airflow and of the desiccant medium exhibit important changes during the sorption/desorption processes. The dynamic analysis of such devices integrated in non-conventional HVAC&R systems can be easily done by a project designer using the NTU-effectiveness method, provided that appropriate correlations for two independent effectiveness parameters are available. In this work, the performance of a desiccant wheel was evaluated by numerical modelling the cyclic behaviour of a representative channel of the hygroscopic matrix. The physical model adopted takes into account the gas-side and solid-side resistances, as well as the simultaneous heat and mass transfer coupled with the water adsorption/desorption process in the channel wall domain. Two phases co-exist in equilibrium inside the desiccant porous medium, the equilibrium being characterized by sorption isotherms. The desiccant medium considered is silica gel RD. In the numerical model, the airflow is treated as a bulk flow, and its interaction with the wall channel matrix is represented by appropriate convective heat and mass transfer coefficients. Two independent effectiveness parameters were defined. A set of cases was numerically simulated and the results were analysed to assess the dependence of those effectiveness parameters on the process and regeneration airflow rates and on the channel length. As a conclusion, novel empirical correlations are here purposed.
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Zaytsev, Yevgeniy, Yelena Konikova, Ilya Tetslav, and Ivan Shaidurov. "INTEGRATED SECURITY OF TRANSPORT LOGISTICAL SYSTEM OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION." Bulletin of scientific research results, no. 4 (December 17, 2017): 101–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2017-4-101-119.
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Objective: To study the conceptual approach to the problem of integrated security, involving cooperation of transport logistical system participants of multimodal transportation (TLS SP), including aerial cargo delivery system, on the principles of the unity of information environment and intellectualization of transport systems management using the global positioning system GLONASS/GPS. Methods: The methods of TLS SP systematization and structural decomposition were applied, as well as the method of TLS SP matrix simulation, considering collaboration of the means of production in case certain operations are performed by each traffic participant on all route stages from a manufacturer to a receiver. Results: Horizontal decomposition of TLS SP was performed on the principle of the unity of the main transport process, taking into account integrated security requirements at each stage of goods traffic from a manufacturer to a receiver: making up, loading, transportation on different types of transport, cargo transfer and unloading at a receiving point. The main areas of transport intellectualization in Russia and abroad were studied. The new requirements for intellectualization of airport systems, air traffic control systems and aviation services were considered, presenting a unified aviation system and determining further directions of systems study, taking into account the perturbing factors at all stages and activities of the system in question. The suggestions on TLS SP intellectualization areas at all stages of planning and transportation fulfillment from a manufacturer to a receiver were given, making it possible to provide further development of supply chain management concept and formation of 5PL-provider transportation services at the market. Practical importance: The suggestions on the formation of TLS SP integrated security system were developed, using the latest data management technologies – intellectual transport systems, in order to improve the security and efficiency of transport processes, to minimize the delays and to improve working conditions.
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Jalali, Tahmineh, Abdolrasoul Gharaati, and Mohammad Rastegar. "Enhancement of Faraday rotation in defect modes of one-dimensional magnetophotonic crystals." Materials Science-Poland 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2019-0036.
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AbstractIn this paper, employing of one-dimensional magnetophotonic crystals in infrared wavelengths range is considered. For this purpose, magnetophotonic multilayer structures, composed of magnetic defect layer surrounded by dielectric and MO Bragg mirrors, have been proposed. Ce:YIG with an optical thickness in the range of 0 to λs was used as a magnetic material. By using four by four transfer matrix method, the transmittance values and Faraday rotation (FR) angles of these structures were computed. The electric field distribution was obtained by Finite Element Method (FEM). By investigation of transmittance and FR angle of magnetophotonic crystals, it was possible to design the optimized structures with a rotation larger than 30 degrees and high transmittance. Such structures with a few micrometer thickness and fast magneto-optical (MO) responses have the potential to be used in MO devices like integrated photonic elements and sensors.
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Bakalakos, Serafeim, Ioannis Kalogeris, Vissarion Papadopoulos, Manolis Papadrakakis, Panagiotis Maroulas, Dimitrios A. Dragatogiannis, and Costas A. Charitidis. "An integrated XFEM modeling with experimental measurements for optimizing thermal conductivity in carbon nanotube reinforced polyethylene." Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering 30, no. 2 (January 20, 2022): 025014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-651x/ac4899.
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Abstract The present paper investigates the thermal properties of carbon nanotube reinforced polyethylene and specifically its potential as highly conductive material. To this end, an integrated approach is proposed combining both numerical and experimental procedures. First, in order to study conductive heat transfer in two-phase materials with imperfect interfaces, a detailed numerical model is developed based on the extended finite element method, where material interfaces are modeled using the level set method. The thermal conductance at the interface of the carbon nanotubes and the polymer matrix is considered to be an unknown model parameter, the value of which is obtained by utilizing a series of experimental measurements of the composite material’s effective conductivity. The interfacial thermal conductance parameter value is inferred by calibrating the numerically predicted effective conductivity to the series of the corresponding experimental measurements. Once this parameter is estimated, the data-informed model is subsequently employed to provide reliable predictions of the effective conductivity of the composite for various weight fractions and configurations of carbon nanotubes in the parent material. Furthermore, microstructural morphologies that provide upper limits on the effective conductivity of the composite are identified via sensitivity analysis, demonstrating its potential as a highly conductive material.
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Yang, Huibao, Xiujing Gao, Hongwu Huang, Bangshuai Li, and Jiehong Jiang. "A Tightly Integrated Navigation Method of SINS, DVL, and PS Based on RIMM in the Complex Underwater Environment." Sensors 22, no. 23 (December 4, 2022): 9479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239479.
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Navigation and positioning of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in the complex and changeable marine environment are crucial and challenging. For the positioning of AUVs, the integrated navigation of the strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS), Doppler velocity log (DVL), and pressure sensor (PS) has a common application. Nevertheless, in the complex underwater environment, the DVL performance is affected by the current and complex terrain environments. The outliers in sensor observations also have a substantial adverse effect on the AUV positioning accuracy. To address these issues, in this paper, a novel tightly integrated navigation model of the SINS, DVL, and PS is established. In contrast to the traditional SINS, DVL, and PS tightly integrated navigation methods, the proposed method in this paper is based on the velocity variation of the DVL beam by applying the DVL bottom-track and water-track models. Furthermore, a new robust interacting multiple models (RIMM) information fusion algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, DVL beam anomaly is detected, and the Markov transfer probability matrix is accordingly updated to enable quick model matching. By simulating the motion of the AUV in a complex underwater environment, we also compare the performance of the traditional loosely integrated navigation (TLIN) model, the tightly integrated navigation (TTIN) model, and the IMM algorithm. The simulation results show that because of the PS, the velocity and height in the up-change amplitude of the four algorithms are small. Compared with the TLIN algorithm in terms of maximum deviation of latitude and longitude, the RIMM algorithm also improves the accuracy by 39.1243 m and 26.4364 m, respectively. Furthermore, compared with the TTIN algorithm, the RIMM algorithm improves latitude and longitude accuracy by 1.8913 m and 11.8274 m, respectively. A comparison with IMM also shows that RIMM improves the accuracy of latitude and longitude by 1.1506 m and 7.2301 m, respectively. The results confirm that the proposed algorithm suppresses the observed noise and outliers of DVL and further achieves quick conversion between different DVL models while making full use of the effective information of the DVL beams. The proposed method also improves the navigation accuracy of AUVs in complex underwater environments.
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Kasa, Temesgen Takele. "Micromechanical Analysis in Applications of Active Mono-Slip and Continuum Dislocations in the MDCM." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073135.
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The key purpose of this paper is to propose a mono-slip-dependent continuum dislocation method for matrix-dominated composite structure (MDCS) analysis. The methodology focuses on dissipation energy theories utilizing a continuum dislocation method (CDM) integrated with small-strain kinematics. The mathematical modeling of the CDM comprises active mono-slip system formulations, thermodynamic dislocation analysis (TDA), free energy dissipation analysis, and the progression of dislocations. Furthermore, zero and non-zero energy dissipation due to dislocation progression is formulated by using an energy minimization technique with variational calculus. The numerical analysis, performed with Wolfram Mathematica©, is presented using zero and non-zero energy dissipation energy formulations. The outcomes indicate that the formulated approach can be effective for obtaining optimal analysis results for matrix-dominated composite (MDC) materials with a mono-slip system. In sum, this study confirms the feasibility of using the proposed approach to investigate MDCS with inclusions.
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HAN, SHOUZHEN, JIE TIAN, CHENG REN, XINGSHENG XU, ZHIYUAN LE, BINGYING CHENG, and DAOZHONG ZHANG. "Y-TYPE PHOTONIC CRYSTAL WAVEGUIDE WITH MINIMUM BRANCHES SPACE." International Journal of Nanoscience 05, no. 06 (December 2006): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x0600508x.
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The abstract should summarize the context, content and conclusions of the paper in less than 200 words. We fabricated a two-dimensional Y-branch photonic crystal waveguide in the near infrared region by using focused ion beam etching and depositing system. The light guide characters of the waveguide were measured for three different spaces between branches. Field intensity distributions of TE polarized wave in the branches were simulated by using the transfer matrix method. Both the theoretical and experimental results show that the shortest space between branches of the photonic crystal waveguide is about 1.4 times wavelength of transmitted light. If the space became shorter, the light in the two branches would couple to each other seriously. This result might be helpful for the design of compact wave demultiplexer and all-optical integrated circuits.
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Arrieta, Alvaro A., Yamid Nuñez de la Rosa, and Manuel Palencia. "Electrochemistry Study of Bio-Based Composite Biopolymer Electrolyte—Starch/Cardol." Polymers 15, no. 9 (April 23, 2023): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15091994.
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The environmental problems generated by pollution due to polymers of petrochemical origin have led to the search for eco-friendly alternatives such as the development of biopolymers or bio-based polymers. The aim of this work was to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of a biopolymer composite made from cassava starch and cardol extracted from cashew nut shell liquid. The biopolymers were prepared using the thermochemical method, varying the synthesis pH and the cardol amounts. The biopolymers were synthesized in the form of films and characterized by cyclic voltamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The biopolymers showed a rich electroactivity, with three oxidation–reduction processes evidenced in the voltamperograms. On the other hand, the equivalent circuit corresponding to the impedance behavior of biopolymers integrated the processes of electron transfer resistance, electric double layer, redox reaction process, and resistance of the biopolymeric matrix. The results allowed us to conclude that the cardol content and the synthesis pH were factors that affect the electrochemical behavior of biopolymer composite films. Electrochemical processes in biopolymers were reversible and involved two-electron transfer and were diffusion-controlled processes.
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Georgopoulou, Antonia, Silvain Michel, and Frank Clemens. "Sensorized Robotic Skin Based on Piezoresistive Sensor Fiber Composites Produced with Injection Molding of Liquid Silicone." Polymers 13, no. 8 (April 10, 2021): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081226.
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Soft robotics and flexible electronics are rising in popularity and can be used in many applications. However, there is still a need for processing routes that allow the upscaling in production for functional soft robotic parts in an industrial scale. In this study, injection molding of liquid silicone is suggested as a fabrication method for sensorized robotic skin based on sensor fiber composites. Sensor fibers based on thermoplastic elastomers with two different shore hardness (50A and 70A) are combined with different silicone materials. A mathematical model is used to predict the mechanical load transfer from the silicone matrix to the fiber and shows that the matrix of the lowest shore hardness should not be combined with the stiffer fiber. The sensor fiber composites are fixed on a 3D printed robotic finger. The sensorized robotic skin based on the composite with the 50A fiber in combination with pre-straining gives good sensor performance as well as a large elasticity. It is proposed that a miss-match in the mechanical properties between fiber sensor and matrix should be avoided in order to achieve low drift and relaxation. These findings can be used as guidelines for material selection for future sensor integrated soft robotic systems.
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Yang, Linchao, Ying Liu, Guanglu Yang, and Shi-Tong Peng. "Dynamic monitoring and anomaly tracing of the quality in tobacco strip processing based on improved canonical variable analysis and transfer entropy." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 20, no. 8 (2023): 15309–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2023684.
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<abstract><p>Multivariate statistical monitoring methods are proven to be effective for the dynamic tobacco strip manufacturing process. However, the traditional methods are not sensitive enough to small faults and the practical tobacco processing monitoring requires further root cause of quality issues. In this regard, this study proposed a unified framework of detection-identification-tracing. This approach developed a dissimilarity canonical variable analysis (CVA), namely, it integrated the dissimilarity analysis concept into CVA, enabling the description of incipient relationship among the process variables and quality variables. We also adopted the reconstruction-based contribution to separate the potential abnormal variable and form the candidate set. The transfer entropy method was used to identify the causal relationship between variables and establish the matrix and topology diagram of causal relationships for root cause diagnosis. We applied this unified framework to the practical operation data of tobacco strip processing from a tobacco factory. The results showed that, compared with traditional contribution plot of anomaly detection, the proposed approach cannot only accurately separate abnormal variables but also locate the position of the root cause. The dissimilarity CVA proposed in this study outperformed traditional CVA in terms of sensitiveness to faults. This method would provide theoretical support for the reliable abnormal detection and diagnosis in the tobacco production process.</p></abstract>
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Ignatenko, Dmitry N., Alexey V. Shkirin, Yakov P. Lobachevsky, and Sergey V. Gudkov. "Applications of Mueller Matrix Polarimetry to Biological and Agricultural Diagnostics: A Review." Applied Sciences 12, no. 10 (May 23, 2022): 5258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12105258.
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The review contains a systematization of the main approaches to the practical implementation of Mueller matrix polarimetry and the prospects for its application in biology and agriculture. The most typical optical layouts for measuring the Mueller matrix of various objects, such as disperse systems, tissues and surface structures, are discussed. Mueller matrix measurements, being integrated into standard schemes of conventional optical methods, such as scatterometry, optical coherence tomography, fluorimetry, spectrophotometry and reflectometry, can significantly expand their capabilities in the characterization of biological systems and bioorganic materials. Additionally, microwave Mueller matrix polarimetry can be used for monitoring soil conditions and crop growth. The proposed systematization is aimed at outlining the conceptual directions for the development of non-invasive diagnostic tools based on measuring the Mueller matrix, primarily with a focus on biological research and agricultural practice.
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Weisbrich, Martin, Klaus Holschemacher, and Thomas Bier. "Comparison of different fiber coatings for distributed strain measurement in cementitious matrices." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 9, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-189-2020.
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Abstract. Distributed fiber optic strain measurement based on Rayleigh scattering has recently become increasingly popular in automotive and mechanical engineering for strain monitoring and in the construction industry, especially structural health monitoring. This technology enables the monitoring of strain along the entire fiber length. This article addresses integrating optical fibers of different coatings into the concrete matrix to measure the shrinkage deformations. However, previous studies do not give a clear statement about the strain transfer losses of fiber optic sensors in this application. In this context, three different coating types were investigated regarding their strain transfer. The fibers were integrated into fine-grained concrete prisms, and the shrinkage strain was compared with a precise dial gauge. The analysis shows a high correlation between the reference method and the fiber measurement, especially with the ORMOCER® coating. The acrylate coating used is also consistent in the middle area of the specimen but requires a certain strain introduction length to indicate the actual strain. The main result of this study is a recommendation for fiber coatings for shrinkage measurement in fine-grain concretes using the distributed fiber optic strain measurement. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the measurement method are presented.
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Huang, Jun, Qian Xu, Xiwen Qu, Yaojin Lin, and Xiao Zheng. "Improving Multi-Label Learning by Correlation Embedding." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 20, 2021): 12145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112412145.
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In multi-label learning, each object is represented by a single instance and is associated with more than one class labels, where the labels might be correlated with each other. As we all know, exploiting label correlations can definitely improve the performance of a multi-label classification model. Existing methods mainly model label correlations in an indirect way, i.e., adding extra constraints on the coefficients or outputs of a model based on a pre-learned label correlation graph. Meanwhile, the high dimension of the feature space also poses great challenges to multi-label learning, such as high time and memory costs. To solve the above mentioned issues, in this paper, we propose a new approach for Multi-Label Learning by Correlation Embedding, namely MLLCE, where the feature space dimension reduction and the multi-label classification are integrated into a unified framework. Specifically, we project the original high-dimensional feature space to a low-dimensional latent space by a mapping matrix. To model label correlation, we learn an embedding matrix from the pre-defined label correlation graph by graph embedding. Then, we construct a multi-label classifier from the low-dimensional latent feature space to the label space, where the embedding matrix is utilized as the model coefficients. Finally, we extend the proposed method MLLCE to the nonlinear version, i.e., NL-MLLCE. The comparison experiment with the state-of-the-art approaches shows that the proposed method MLLCE has a competitive performance in multi-label learning.
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Brauner, Christian, Axel S. Herrmann, Philipp M. Niemeier, and Konstantin Schubert. "Analysis of the non-linear load and temperature-dependent creep behaviour of thermoplastic composite materials." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 30, no. 3 (August 5, 2016): 302–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705715598359.
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Fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composite materials can be manufactured rapidly using a thermoforming process. The assortment of thermoplastic matrix systems is manifold and starts from bulk plastic like polypropylene (PP) up to high-performance systems like polyether ether ketone. High-performance thermoplastic polymers have durable properties but relatively high raw material costs. For structural application, engineering methods are needed to ensure the availability for use over the full range of the life cycle of parts. This equates to at least 15 years under exposure to varying climatic conditions for an automobile component. Bulk plastics have complex viscoelastic behaviour, which means that advanced methods are needed to ensure the long-term behaviour of both the pure plastic or fibre-reinforced materials with such a matrix system. In the following study, the creep behaviour of a glass fibre-reinforced PP material is investigated using different uniaxially loaded creep tests at different load and temperature levels. Starting from this empirical base, two characteristic creep functions are derived using a modified Burgers approach. To transfer the results of uniaxial creep situations to a three-dimensional multiaxial stress state, a method to interpolate the experimental creep curves is presented. This developed creep model is integrated into the implicit non-linear finite element program SAMCEF/Mecano and used to predict the creep behaviour of a complex laminate. The results are then validated against the performed experiments.
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Dong, Junyuan, Guanxia Yu, Jingjing Fu, Min Luo, and Wenwen Du. "Design of Multi-Resonant Cavities Based on Metal-Coated Dielectric Nanocylinders." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 73, no. 6 (June 27, 2018): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2018-0063.
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AbstractIn this paper, the light scattering properties for multiple silver-coated dielectric nanocylinders with the symmetrical distribution were investigated. Based on the transfer matrix method, we derive the general transmission and reflection coefficient matrices for multiple dielectric nanocylinders. When the incident light frequencies are less than the plasma frequencies, the surface plasmons (SPs) appear in the interface between the silver and dielectrics. Numerical simulations show that there are three peaks of absorption cross-section (ACS) in the relationship between the ACS and the frequencies of the incident light, when the distance between the silver-coated dielectric nanocylinders is chosen properly. These SPs resonance peaks are characterised as resonances intrinsic to the cylindrically periodic system corresponding to different inner cavity structures. These multi-resonant cavities may have potential applications in integrated devices, optical sensors and optical storage devices.
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Lucido, Mario. "Analysis of the Propagation in High-Speed Interconnects for MIMICs by Means of the Method of Analytical Preconditioning: A New Highly Efficient Evaluation of the Coefficient Matrix." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11030933.
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The method of analytical preconditioning combines the discretization and the analytical regularization of a singular integral equation in a single step. In a recent paper by the author, such a method has been applied to a spectral domain integral equation formulation devised to analyze the propagation in polygonal cross-section microstrip lines, which are widely used as high-speed interconnects in monolithic microwave and millimeter waves integrated circuits. By choosing analytically Fourier transformable expansion functions reconstructing the behavior of the fields on the wedges, fast convergence is achieved, and the convolution integrals are expressed in closed form. However, the coefficient matrix elements are one-dimensional improper integrals of oscillating and, in the worst cases, slowly decaying functions. In this paper, a novel technique for the efficient evaluation of such kind of integrals is proposed. By means of a procedure based on Cauchy integral theorem, the general coefficient matrix element is written as a linear combination of fast converging integrals. As shown in the numerical results section, the proposed technique always outperforms the analytical asymptotic acceleration technique, especially when highly accurate solutions are required.
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Xu, Shenglei, Yunjia Wang, Meng Sun, Minghao Si, and Hongji Cao. "A Real-Time BLE/PDR Integrated System by Using an Improved Robust Filter for Indoor Position." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 8170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178170.
Full textAbstract:
Indoor position technologies have attracted the attention of many researchers. To provide a real-time indoor position system with high precision and stability is necessary under many circumstances. In a real-time position scenario, gross errors of the Bluetooth low energy (BLE) fingerprint method are more easily occurring and the heading angle of the pedestrian will drift without acceleration and magnetic field compensation. A real-time BLE/pedestrian dead-reckoning (PDR) integrated system by using an improved robust filter has been proposed. In the PDR method, the improved Mahony complementary filter based on the pedestrian motion states is adopted to estimate the heading angle reducing the drift error. Then, an improved robust filter is utilized to detect and restrain the gross error of the BLE fingerprint method. The robust filter detected the gross error at different granularity by constructing a robust vector changing the observation covariance matrix of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) adaptively when the application is running. Several experiments are conducted in the true position scenario. The mean position accuracy obtained by the proposed method in the experiment is 0.844 m and RMSE is 0.74 m. Compared with the classic EKF, these two values are increased by 38% and 18%, respectively. The results show that the improved filter can avoid the gross error in the BLE method and provide high precision and scalability in indoor position service.