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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Intellectual property management'
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Ahuja, Rishi. "Intellectual property : strategy and policy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76923.
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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-73).
The thesis that follows is an attempt to gain a deeper understanding of intellectual property from a policy as well as a strategic perspective. While the discussion that follows is applicable to intellectual property in general, the focus of this thesis is on a particular aspect of intellectual property i.e patents. Policy and strategic perspectives are covered in section I and 11 respectively. The section on policy explores the origin and evolution of intellectual property related policies by discussing key legislation and court cases. The two questions that were most relevant when exploring the policy side of the patent system were: -- Is the intellectual property system hindering or encouraging innovation? -- What changes, if any, are required to make the system more effective? The section on strategy looks at IP strategies (or lack thereof) of three leading companies, Apple, Google and Microsoft. These three companies were selected because of their apparently differing strategies and this cursory judgement was confirmed when the strategies of the companies were put under a microscope. The question that were central while exploring the strategic aspects of intellectual property were: -- How are these three companies coping with the patent system as it exists today? -- What changes can make the strategies employed more effective? The summary section at the end tries to reconcile these two different ways of looking at the intellectual property system into a coherent whole.
by Rishi Ahuja.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Liu, Tak Wing. "An audit model for intellectual property management excellence /." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2009. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/thesis.pl?engd-meem-b23750923f.pdf.
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Thesis (Eng.D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2009."Submitted to Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Engineering Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Engineering Doctorate." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 319-354)
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Eckelt, Daniel [Verfasser]. "Systematik zum innovationsorientierten Intellectual Property Management / Daniel Eckelt." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147834180/34.
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Askar, Karim. "Intellectual Property Management in R&D Collaborations Development of Intellectual Property Policies in Practice and Theory /." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02606705001/$FILE/02606705001.pdf.
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McMullin, Nathan K. (Nathan Keith) 1979. "Value creation through intellectual property acquisition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99013.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2015. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-93).
After Sanofi acquired intellectual property (IP) from bankrupt Pelikan Technologies it desired to leverage the IP to identify a product concept to enhance the company's portfolio. To facilitate the project, a structured opportunity identification process was utilized. This process consisted of four major steps: Problem Framing, Idea Search, Screen, and Refine. Problem Framing formulated the innovation challenge. Idea Search sourced over two dozen potential opportunities that spanned markets and industries. Using a tournament selection approach, the Screen step filtered the opportunities according technical and strategic objectives. This selected an integrated blood measurement device as the opportunity of focus. This leverages the IP to simplify at-home blood testing while simultaneously reducing pain. The Refine step evaluated the opportunity using a framework that assessed markets, product, competitiveness, economics, and risk. The beachhead market is the diabetes market and potential follow-on markets are oncology, multiple sclerosis, rare diseases, and cardio-metabolic diseases. Key technology elements were assembled into a variety of conceptual approaches and evaluated according to market fit. This identified a conceptual approach that integrates all disposable elements (i.e. lancet and blood test element) into a single disposable cartridge that can be inserted into an electronically actuated meter. The projected financial returns in the beachhead market have a positive nominal NPV. NPV sensitivity was calculated based on estimated cost and revenue item variations. In all cases the NPV remains positive, but this highlighted key drivers of economic performance along with risks that need to be resolved in future development work. With key assumptions identified, Sanofi is in an excellent position to decide whether or not to pursue the identified opportunity. In addition, this project acts as a pilot for a structured opportunity identification process within the company and it is recommended that Sanofi adopt a similar process as part of its product development workflow. Finally, the company should adjust resources and financial commitment to ensure full cross-functional teams can be staffed to execute opportunity identification work. These improvements will enable the company to more effectively execute corporate entrepreneurial activities.
by Nathan McMullin.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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Kojdheli, Ornela <1993>. "The management of intellectual property rights within network contracts." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16037.
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The network contract is one of the major legal tools through which companies can rule the cooperation among different undertakings within a network. It allows them not only to share resources and capailities but also to have access to both tangible and intangible assets. This work will focus in particular on the latter category by analysing the role played by intellectual property rights within a network contract and will take into account the critical aspects that make their management problematic within a network contratc.
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Sikorska, Małgorzata, and O. P. Kosenko. "Principles of intellectual-innovative technologies." Thesis, Харківський національний автомобільно-дорожній університет, 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/36518.
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Nappo, Fabio [Verfasser]. "Intellectual Property Management in a knowledge-based Society / Fabio Nappo." München : GRIN Verlag, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1182326226/34.
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Chondrakis, George. "The strategic management of intellectual property : patent value and acquisitions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9a1c6dc0-7289-4bb2-ae21-8bdb5d81f78a.
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In this dissertation I explore the role and importance of patent strategy for appropriating returns from innovation. In particular, I examine the mechanisms through which firms increase appropriability from patenting by employing complementary resources and capabilities and gauge their contribution to firm performance. To this end, I perform three empirical studies. In the first study, I focus on measuring patent value and demonstrate that the importance of firm resources and capabilities is much higher than previously thought. I interpret these results as providing strong support for the view that the design of patent strategy is crucial for profiting from innovation. In the second study, I look into a sample of technology acquisitions and examine under what circumstances firms profit from combining previously separate patent rights. I demonstrate that the merging of overlapping patent portfolios give rise to inimitable synergies, albeit only in complex technology industries. In addition, I find that firms are more likely to acquire targets with patents when their patent productivity is low, when they have a technologically diverse patent portfolio in complex technology industries and when they face an increased threat of being involved in patent suits. In the third study, I explore the role of patent strategies in the non-technological domain. I demonstrate that recent regulatory changes enabling the patenting of business methods can help patentees capture value from business model and management innovations. Moreover, I find that patenting experience and access to complementary assets are both crucial elements of a patenting strategy aimed at increasing appropriability. Taken together, these studies contribute towards bringing studies of patenting and the resource-based view of the firm closer together, to mutual advantage. This results in a better understanding of the effectiveness of patents at the firm-level and in a clearer operationalization of concepts of resources and resource interdependence.
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Ogura, Tomoko H. "Intellectual property strategy : analysis of the flash memory industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37254.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2006.Page 150 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (o, 120-121).
This thesis studies the intellectual property strategy of companies in the flash memory industry, with special emphasis on technology and the development of nitride-based flash, a new and emerging type of memory technology. First, general perspectives and frameworks for licensing of patents and know-how are explored. Then, the participants in the flash memory industry are mapped to a product value chain, which is in turn mapped to an intellectual property value chain. We use a patent database analysis software IPVision in order to examine the patent portfolios of some of the memory chip companies. Analysis of the patent positions allows us to draw conclusions about the direction of technology development.
by Tomoko H. Ogura.
S.M.M.O.T.
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Olwan, Rami M. "Intellectual property and development : theory and practice." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/54839/1/Rami_Olwan_Thesis.pdf.
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Since the 1960s, many developing countries have introduced IP laws to help them in their social and economic development. Introducing these laws was considered as a civilised act and a precondition of developing countries‘ progress from being =under-developed‘ to becoming =developed‘. In 2004, Brazil and Argentina presented a comprehensive proposal on behalf of developing countries to establish the Development Agenda in the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO). They put forward a view that IP laws in their current form are not helping those countries in their development, as is constantly being suggested by developed countries, and that there is a need to rethink the international IP system and the work of WIPO.
The research undertaken examines the correlation between IP and social and economic development. It investigates how IP systems in developing countries could work to advance their development, especially in the context of the internet. The research considers the theory and practice of IP and development, and proposes a new IP framework which developing countries could employ to further their social and economic development.
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Aktalay, Banu. "Intellectual Property Management Strategy In New Technology-based Start-up Companies." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605598/index.pdf.
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To draw up an intellectual property management strategy is one of the most important tasks to do when starting up technology-based companies, which play a very important role in the knowledge-based economies. IP management due to protection must be regarded as a strategic asset aimed at improving the competitive advantages, increasing the revenue of a technology-based start up company and encouraging to continue to develop new technologies, by securing a technological platform for a future development, preventing competitors from gaining access to emerging markets, creating retaliatory power against competitors and preventing innovative products from being plagiarized.
Through this study the aim is forming a guide including why and how an IP management strategy develop and implement to a new technology-based start up company. Beside these it is proved that from the properties that characterize the start-up configuration of a high-tech firm there can be derived three organizational archetypes of firms each of which requires different IP management strategies.
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Kumar, Vishal S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Software industry in India : product and intellectual property focus." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67561.
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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-105).
India has established itself well as a powerhouse of talent in Information Technology (IT)/Software services, indicated by its exports of USD 54.33 Billion in 2010. Established in 1980s by the late Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister of India at that time, the focus on education and IT has paid rich dividends for the next generation. While a lot has been achieved by Indian entrepreneurs when it comes to software services, the same cannot be said about the Software Product segment which has remained out of focus so far. This is evident from the fact that Software Product based exports have remained less than 2% of the overall IT/Software industry exports so far. Many reasons are obvious and have been well studied in the past, while some are not very obvious and are less well explored. Using this thesis as an opportunity, an attempt has been made to explore these reasons, and some recommendations have been shared for architecting an ecosystem that can help foster Software Product and Intellectual Property (IP) focus.
by Vishal Kumar.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Hellström, Amanda, and Sara Nilsson. "Nanotechnology Start-ups - Intellectual Property for Generating Value." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69274.
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Purpose – The purpose of this thesis was to increase the understanding of how formal and informal intellectual property may affect value generation of strategic and financial values within the nanotechnology start-up sector. Method – This study had an inductive approach through a qualitative multi-case study. The data collection was carried out through 23 interviews, including four exploratory interviews and 19 semi-structured interviews. The collected data was continuously analyzed in order to identify concepts, themes and aggregated dimensions. The collected data was analyzed through two categories, namely type of intellectual property and prioritized type of value desired. Findings – Through protecting innovations nanotechnology start-ups seek both strategic and financial values. The findings show nanotechnology start-ups seek strategic values in the form of trustworthiness through qualified recognition, ability to increase in market share, and having a competitive presence on the market. The findings further show nanotechnology start-ups seek financial values in the form of effective resource allocation, direct income from market transactions, and ability to attain investors. Furthermore, the findings suggest that for nanotechnology start-ups to effectively generate strategic and financial values it can be beneficial to combine formal and informal IP where a combination of trade secrets and patents can be valuable. Theoretical contributions – The analysis resulted in a grounded theory articulation in the form of a conceptual framework describing the relationships between the type of IP and how it may affect value generation for nanotechnology start-ups. This study adds to previous research that aspects fulfilling market demands can be effectively protected by patents, and aspects difficult to reverse engineer can be effectively protected by trade secrets in order to generate strategic and financial value. This study also adds to theory by identifying enablers describing how nanotechnology start-ups can generate strategic and financial values, and which type of IP is associated with each enabler. Practical implications – This study provide managers within the nanotechnology start-up sector with a framework suggesting how to generate different values from protecting innovations. The study further concludes that there are six important aspects to consider in creating effective IP strategies within the nanotechnology start-up sector. These aspects include; mapping the technological environment and the commercial market, determining which actual strategic and financial values are important for the start-up, protecting different aspects of an innovation with different types of IP, having trade secrets on aspects of an innovation that are hard to reverse engineer, to formally protect aspects of an innovation that fulfills market demand, and making a plan for how the rights attained can generate value.
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Samartzi, Vasiliki. "Digital rights management and the rights of end-users." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8642.
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Digital Rights Management systems (DRM) are frequently used by rightsholders in order to protect their works from the, very high indeed, possibility to be copied, altered or distributed without authorisation by users who take advantage of available state-of-the-art copying techniques. Because DRM are legally protected by anti-circumvention legislation both in the United States and in Europe, a debate goes on more than a decade now regarding their impact to the notion of “balance” among copyright stakeholders that traditionally underpinned copyright law. In this context, this study examines, in turn, the philosophical underpinnings of analogue and digital copyright law focusing of copyright exceptions, the development of a notion of a minimum of lawful personal use for the digital environment based on existing copyright exceptions and users’ expectations of personal use, and the impact of the use of DRM and of the introduction of anti-circumvention legislation to this notion. While the European Information Society Directive 2001/29/EC (EUCD) is the main legal instrument analysed and criticised, the role of other Directives is also examined to the extent they address the relationship between lawful personal use and anticircumvention legislation. Legal developments in the United States could not have been absent from this discussion since anti-circumvention legislation was introduced there much earlier than the EUCD and important case-law and legal commentaries have developed since. Following the identification of problems regarding the operation of a minimum of lawful personal use in digital settings, the proposal to introduce a right to engage in self-help circumvention afforded to users of DRM-protected works for Europe is put-forward. Such a right would not undermine rightsholders incentives to offer works online and develop new business models but would acknowledge the users’ interest to interact and tinker with digital works taking full advantage of the new possibilities offered by digitisation.
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Storck, Johann. "Management of Intellectual Property in China A Framework for Complementary Protection Methods /." St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01654573002/$FILE/01654573002.pdf.
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Sifunda, Pindiwe. "The development of a business model for the national intellectual property management office." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/974.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Many countries recognise the importance of realising economic growth through the exploitation of research outputs culminating from publicly financed institutions. At the forefront of these countries is the United States of America which has seen increased commercialisation efforts made by its universities since the passing of its Intellectual Property (IP) legislation, the Bayh-Dole Act in the 1980s. The Act assigned IP rights to public institutions. Most countries have since followed suit and SA is likewise in the process of adopting similar legislation, namely the Intellectual Property Rights Bill (IPR Bill). The Department of Science and Technology (DST), which is responsible for growing the knowledge base of the country, guided by the National R&D Strategy adopted in 2002, has developed a framework for IP rights emanating from publicly financed research. This will form the basis for IPR legislation, which is currently under review by Parliament. The legislation is similar to that adopted in the USA, with due consideration for local content. It also assigns IP rights emanating from publicly financed research to the recipient entities, that is, public institutions and small businesses. The legislation aims to stimulate inter alia a culture of patenting by public institutions. This has the potential to increase the commercialisation of these research outputs, as evidenced in other countries. The abovementioned legislation refers to the establishment of a national agency, the National IP Management Office (NIPMO), which will have the responsibility of undertaking the administrative function set out in the legislation. This paper investigates a business model, as well as an institutional framework for NIPMO, taking into account the challenges of IP management in SA and abroad. Desktop research was carried out for a better understanding of the status quo in the IP management landscape, both locally and abroad. This was followed by primary research by means of interviews in order to gain insight into the nature of local IP management offices, the challenges they are faced with and also the expectations of the planned National IP Management Office. The literature survey indicated that many countries have come to realise the importance of developing their economies through exploitation of publicly financed research outputs. Most countries have since adopted IPR legislation to enable public research institutions to manage their IP, and commercialise their research outputs. There are still challenges faced by this system, which are similar across countries. These range from the financing required for the management and running of these office, limited capacity, and also traditional mindsets of researchers in putting greater value on publications than on patents. Exploiting the information gathered, an environmental analysis in the form of SWOT and stakeholder analyses was carried out, which culminated in the development of a business model and a governance model. Some of the key recommendations that have been made in this study include the following: NIPMO should follow the proposed business model which outlines the different number of expertise and services that should be provided to ensure the sustainable administering of the IPR legislation. In order to be able to provide a much needed service and be accessible to the institutional technology transfer offices (TTOs), NIPMO should set up provincial offices to better assist the under-capacitated TTOs, as well as institutions without TTOs. As skills are being developed in the area of IP Management, it should be considered to roll-out these regional offices incrementally, starting with areas that are in most need of these services, namely Kwa-Zulu Natal and the Eastern Cape. NIPMO should play a major role in monitoring and evaluating the implementation and the impact of the new legislation on the innovativeness of the country’s research environment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Baie lande besef die belangrikheid van die verwesenliking van ekonomiese groei deur die benutting van navorsingsuitsette wat van staatsgefinansierde instellings afkomstig is. Die Verenigde State van Amerika (VSA) is aan die voorpunt van hierdie lande, met toenemende kommersialisering deur hierdie land se universiteite sedert die wetgewing oor Intellektuele Eiendom (IE) by wyse van die Bayh-Dole-wet in die 1980’s goedgekeur is. Hierdie wet het IE-regte aan regeringsinstellings toegeken. Die meeste lande het hierdie voorbeeld gevolg, en ook Suid-Afrika is tans besig om soortgelyke wetgewing goed te keur, naamlik die Wetsontwerp op Intellektuele Eiendomsregte (IER-wetsontwerp). Die Departement van Wetenskap en Tegnologie (DWT), wat verantwoordelik is vir die uitbreiding van die land se kennisbasis en deur die Nasionale Navorsings- en Ontwikkelingstrategie wat in 2002 goedgekeur is, gerig word, het ’n raamwerk vir IE-regte wat uit staatsgefinansierde navorsing afkomstig is, ontwikkel. Dít sal die grondslag vorm van IER-wetgewing en die IER-wetsontwerp, wat tans deur die Parlement in hersiening geneem word. Die wetgewing stem ooreen met dít wat in die VSA goedgekeur is, en skenk behoorlike oorweging aan plaaslike inhoud. Dit ken ook IE-regte wat uit staatsgefinansierde navorsing afkomstig is, aan die ontvangerentiteite, naamlik staatsinstellings en klein besighede, toe. Die wetgewing is daarop gemik om onder andere ’n kultuur van patentering deur staatsinstellings te stimuleer. Dit bied die moontlikheid van verhoogde kommersialisering van hierdie navorsingsuitsette, soos in ander lande aangetoon. Die bogenoemde wetgewing verwys na die stigting van ’n nasionale agentskap, die Nasionale IE-bestuurskantoor (NIMPO), wat daarvoor verantwoordelik sal wees om die administratiewe funksie, soos in die wetgewing gestipuleer, uit te voer. Hierdie tesis ondersoek ’n sakemodel asook ’n institusionele raamwerk vir NIPMO, wat die uitdagings van IE-bestuur in Suid-Afrika en in die buiteland in aanmerking neem. Literatuur oor die onderwerp is ondersoek om beter begrip van die status quo in die terrein van IE-bestuur, sowel plaaslik as in die buiteland, te verkry. Hierna het primêre navorsing deur middel van onderhoude gevolg, ten einde insig in die aard van plaaslike IE-bestuurskantore, die uitdagings waarvoor hulle te staan kom en ook die verwagtinge van die beplande NIMPO te verkry. Die literatuuroorsig het getoon dat baie lande die belangrikheid van die ontwikkeling van hul ekonomieë deur die benutting van staatsgefinansierde navorsingsuitsette besef. Die meeste lande het intussen IER-wetgewing goedgekeur ten einde staatsnavorsingsinstellings in staat te stel om hul IE te bestuur, en om hul navorsingsuitsette te kommersialiseer. Hierdie stelsel kom steeds voor uitdagings te staan, soos ook die geval in ander lande. Hierdie uitdagings wissel van die finansiering wat nodig is vir die bestuur en werking van hierdie kantore en beperkte kapasiteit tot ’n tradisionele ingesteldheid van navorsers om groter waarde op publikasies as op patente te plaas. Op grond van die inligting wat ingesamel is, is ’n omgewingsontleding in die vorm van SWOT- en belanghebberontledings uitgevoer, wat tot die ontwikkeling van ’n sake- en ’n beheermodel gelei het. Op grond van die ontledings is belangrike aanbevelings gemaak, wat die volgende insluit: NIPMO moet die voorgestelde sakemodel volg, wat die hoeveelheid kundigheid en dienste stipuleer wat nodig is om die volhoubare uitvoering van die IER-wetgewing te verseker. Ten einde in staat te wees om ’n uiters noodsaaklike diens te verskaf en vir die institusionele tegnologie-oordragkantore (TOK’s) toeganklik te wees, moet NIPMO provinsiale kantore stig om TOK’s met ’n lae kapasiteit asook instellings sonder TOK’s beter te kan bystaan. Aangesien vaardighede in die veld van EI-bestuur nog ontwikkel word, moet oorweging daaraan geskenk word om hierdie streekskantore toenemend van stapel te laat loop deur te begin by gebiede wat hierdie dienste die nodigste het, soos Kwa-Zulu Natal en die Oos-Kaap. NIPMO moet ’n belangrike rol in die monitering en evaluering van die implementering en die impak van die nuwe wetgewing op die vernuwende aard van die land se navorsingsomgewing speel.
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Cooper-Davis, Sarah. "Extracting product opportunities from intellectual property portfolios : from patent to product idea." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90762.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2014. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Supervised by Jonathan Fleming and Warren Seering.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 48-49).
Companies and research institutes maintain large intellectual property portfolios, which are considered company assets and require significant investments to maintain. This thesis looks at the potential to extract value from such portfolios through new product development to offset this capital investment. Traditionally the IP protects existing products or excludes competitors from entering a given market. Alternatively this process looks to move from intellectual property (IP) to product ideas (PI), hereafter referred to as the IP2PI process ... [figure 1]. As outlined in Figure 1 the IP2PI process starts with intellectual property as the main input. Next the IP2PI process itself consists of three steps: -- Understanding the IP and key technologies included therein, -- Identifying market opportunities and applications of the technologies, and -- Evaluating product ideas based on market needs and other criteria.
by Sarah Cooper-Davis.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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Mason, Elizabeth Louise. "The effect of a national institutional system of intellectual property protection and enforcement (ISI) on the intellectual property management strategies of firms : the case of India and China." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658556.
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This research examines the effect of a nation's IP environment on the IP management (IPM) strategies of foreign innovative firms. It introduces the conc;ept of a national institutional system of intellectual property protection and enforcement (ISI) to capture the characteristics of a country's IP system. The ISI comprises: (i) formal (de jure) substantive and subordinate laws (including supranational, national and sub-national laws, infrastructure and systems) and (ii) informal (de facto) rules of behaviour of institutional and economic actors. This research reveals that a national ISI can have a significant determinant effect on the IPM strategies of firms at both a macro-level (i.e. expansion decisions and entry-mode choice) and a micro-level (i.e. decisions taken in the host country to manage IPRs). This study identifies and compares the IS Is of two developing countries, namely, India and China, which provide only weak IP protection and enforcement and yet are significant sources of infringing activity. We examine how the ISI of each country impacts on firm strategy, with a focus on three high-technology industries, namely, biosciences, advanced engineering and software-electronics. In-depth interviews were conducted with managers of foreign innovative firms that have operations in India or China, or both. Interview data provide insights into their perceptions and experiences of the ISI of each country and the IPM strategies they deploy to protect and enforce their IPRs. This study reveals strong similarities and differences between the ISIs of both countries, and that this has a varying effect on the IPM strategies of firms depending on the industry context. In particular, we find that the informal rules of behaviour have a greater effect on firm strategy than do formal characteristics of the ISI. We explain why firms from the three focal industries adopt different IPM strategies in response to the ISI of each country, and how these vary in their effectiveness by industry and between the two countries.
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Åkerblom, Philip. "Strategic management of intellectual property in the field of vehicle autonomy and connectivity : A case study in the truck manufacturing field." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446021.
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The truck manufacturing field is expected to go through a disruptive change in the coming decade(s) due to a predicted implementation of autonomous (self-driving) heavy-duty vehicles. Here, companies face a challenge in that autonomous vehicles (AV) will include technologies and competences from multiple industries. This will most likely have an impact on how companies manage their intellectual property (IP) to protect their inventions if they wish to keep up with the changing market. To do this in the most optimal way, it is argued that a company’s IP-strategy needs to be incorporated into their business strategy. At the same time, studies show that companies are experiencing difficulties in extracting the full potential of their IP-management. Hence, this master thesis aims at investigating how a truck manufacturing company can adapt their IP-management policy in line with future developments within these emerging technologies and how their IP-strategy can become intertwined with their business strategy. Next to a literature review of these fields, the thesis conducts a qualitative case study of a truck manufacturer that intends to be part of this change based on 11 semi-structured interviews. From the empirical results, the company’s decision-making process regarding IP is identified, whereby this thesis suggests four points of improvement that could make their IP-management policy more effective. Further, this study presents three actions that can be taken in a company to incorporate their IP-strategy with their overall business strategy. The study ends with giving suggestions for future research and presenting six managerial implications that would come by implementing the suggestions made in this thesis.
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Hoffman, Anthony Michael. "Intellectual capital governance and the knowledge economy in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80927.
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Intellectual capital, as opposed to traditional conceptions of intellectual property, is neither as simple to define nor as straightforward to protect and regulate. As companies in the financial services sector attempt the efficient management of increasingly voluminous and strategically important information and knowledge, governance mechanisms currently available in the Canadian context have not kept pace.This thesis is at once a retrospective and prospective examination of the regulation and control of intellectual capital. The first two substantive sections of this thesis are primarily definitive and contextualizing---first defining the nature of contemporary legal and managerial concepts of intellectual capital and property, then examining the varied legal frameworks from which an intellectual capital governance scheme is distilled. The final chapter attempts a synthesis of these definitions and legal approaches to the governance of intellectual capital. The keystones of this synthesis are twofold: first, uniform Canadian legislation; and second, a more focused incorporation of 'property rights' in intellectual capital.
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Sheen, Peter Bernard. "Managing Intellectual Property and Licensing: A Study on Cooperative Research Centres." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16010/1/Peter_Sheen_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examines the perceived importance by two-tiered management of Cooperative Research Centres (CRCs) for managing a range of intellectual property issues. Fifty survey items are presented to the executive directors and
commercialization managers of 62 CRCs. The survey items are categorized under four themes: relationships with collaborators, project management; design and implementation of agreements; and specific licensing issues. An analysis of the data, using a series of independent samples t-tests, repeated measures t-tests, chi-square tests for independence or relatedness and goodness of fit, shows a range of results. There are significant differences between executive directors and commercialization
managers on a number of issues. There are particular emphases or trends about certain issues for the whole sample of managers.
These findings are compared with text analyses of 23 CRC strategic planning documents. This is done in order to explore any similarity, difference or nuance between what the managers say in response to the survey items, compared with what is stated in the codified policies of the CRCs. While there is a high degree of
consistency among certain themes between the two sets of findings, the overall analysis points to the need for the CRCs to have a better understanding and practice of commercialization opportunities, especially through the involvement of third party commercial interests. It is argued that accommodating third party commercialization interests involves the application of an important knowledge economy principle that has an important bearing on the future economic viability and competitiveness of the CRCs.
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Sheen, Peter Bernard. "Managing Intellectual Property and Licensing: A Study on Cooperative Research Centres." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16010/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the perceived importance by two-tiered management of Cooperative Research Centres (CRCs) for managing a range of intellectual property issues. Fifty survey items are presented to the executive directors and commercialization managers of 62 CRCs. The survey items are categorized under four themes: relationships with collaborators, project management; design and implementation of agreements; and specific licensing issues. An analysis of the data, using a series of independent samples t-tests, repeated measures t-tests, chi-square tests for independence or relatedness and goodness of fit, shows a range of results. There are significant differences between executive directors and commercialization managers on a number of issues. There are particular emphases or trends about certain issues for the whole sample of managers. These findings are compared with text analyses of 23 CRC strategic planning documents. This is done in order to explore any similarity, difference or nuance between what the managers say in response to the survey items, compared with what is stated in the codified policies of the CRCs. While there is a high degree of consistency among certain themes between the two sets of findings, the overall analysis points to the need for the CRCs to have a better understanding and practice of commercialization opportunities, especially through the involvement of third party commercial interests. It is argued that accommodating third party commercialization interests involves the application of an important knowledge economy principle that has an important bearing on the future economic viability and competitiveness of the CRCs.
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Neveling, Arno. "Globalisation and its influence on ethical decision making in business : China and intellectual property rights." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5485.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ethical decision making in business, the manifestation of business ethics in the individual, is influenced and shaped by various factors, including the external environment, organisational factors and society. In China business ethics, and consequently ethical decision making has emerged and developed mainly as a response to the economic reforms in response to globalisation. Globalisation, a product of the interaction of political and predominantly economic liberalisation, largely brought about by technological change, has become a household word since the last decade of the twentieth century. It is hailed by its advocates as a way to spread cosmopolitan values as well as better employment conditions and standards of living. Its critics, however, see it as a new wave of colonialism imposed by developed countries and multinational companies on poor countries, a synonym to exploitation and impoverishment of both people and nature. A contested issue on globalisation is concerned with its consequences as to the convergence of societies toward a uniform pattern of economic, political, and even cultural organisation, and thus to the formation of a global ethic. A change in approach towards intellectual property and the trends observed in patent applications indicate to what degree various countries have embraced the opportunities presented by globalisation. China is a prime example of a country that embraced the opportunities, and also made the required changes in policies and behaviour. Globalisation has changed the environment in which everyone is competing forever. International institutions play a significant role, and being part of treaties is paramount if countries want to play in the global market. Thus, globalisation changed the external environment that has an important influence on ethical decision making by individuals. These changes are followed by changes in countries' legal environments. As a result the rules by which companies have to play are also influenced, changing the way management should and eventually do behave, which will ultimately change the work experience gained by an individual. A change in individual factors will eventually change the ethical philosophy and the decision ideal of an individual, which also have an impact on ethical decision making. The end result is that globalisation has a profound influence on every factor that influence an individual making ethical decisions. However, these changes can take very long to start to manifest, a fact seen in the lag between policy changes and observing tangible changes in approach to intellectual property rights, as observed in China.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Etiese besluitneming deur die individu word beinvloed deur 'n wye verskeidenheid faktore, waaronder die eksterne omgewing, die organisasie waarvoor die individu werk, en ook die kultuur gemeenskap. Sake etiek in China, en dus ook etiese besluitneming het ontwikkel as die resultaat van ekonomiese beleidsveranderinge wat teweeg gebring is deur globalisering. Globalisering is die produk van die grootskaalse liberalisering van ekonomiee, aangehelp deur tegnologiese vooruitgang. Voorstanders van globalisering glo dat dit die verspreiding en groei van kosmopolitaanse waardes tot gevolg het, en uiteindelik lei tot beter werksomstandighede en lewensstandaarde vir almal. Die kritici meen egter dat dit 'n nuwe vorm van kolonialisme is waardeur ontwikkelde lande en internasionale besighede die ontwikkelende lande uitbuit. Die mate waarin globalisering lei tot die konvergensie van gemeenskappe na 'n uniforme ekonomiese, politiese en kulturele entiteit, word egter betwis. Gevolglik word daar ook gevra of globalisering lei tot die totstandkoming van 'n globale etiese kode. Lande benader die geleenthede wat globalisering bied op verskillende maniere. Hierdie verskille is duidelik sigbaar in die benadering wat gevolg word met intellektuele eiendom. Die tendense oor die afgelope paar jaar in die aantal aansoeke om patente te registreer, verskil dramaties van land tot land. China is 'n goeie voorbeeld van 'n land wat die geleentheid met beide hande aangegryp het. Nie net is beleid aangepas om voordeel uit die geleentheid te trek nie, maar mense se houding het ook dienooreenkomstig verander. Globalisering het die omgewing vir kompetisie dramaties verander. Internasionale organisasies speel 'n belangrike rol, en die ondertekening van verskeie ooreenkomste is ononderhandelbaar om ten volle deel te wees van die globale ekonomie. Globalisering het die eksterne omgewing sodanig verander dat dit nie anders kan as om 'n impak te hê op die besluitneming van individue nie. Die veranderende eksterne omgewing het noodgedwonge gelei tot veranderinge in die wette van verskeie lande. Die reels waaraan besighede moet voldoen is dus ook beinvloed, en so ook die manier waarop bestuur moet optree. Uiteindelik sal hierdie ook die ervaring van werknemers verander, en dus 'n impak hê op etiese besluitneming. Die uiteinde is dat globalisering elke faktor wat 'n impak het op etiese besluitneming beinvloed. Hierdie veranderinge kan egter 'n lang tyd neem om gestalte te vind in die optrede van organisasies en indivdue. 'n Goeie voorbeeld word gevind in China. Dit het 'n geruime tyd geneem vanaf beleid ten opsigte van intellektuele eiendom ingestel is totdat organsiasies en individue 'n verandering in gedrag en optrede begin toon het deur patente ernstig te beskou.
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Cornell, Brent T. "Open Innovation Strategies for Overcoming Competitive Challenges Facing Small and Mid-Sized Enterprises." Thesis, University of Maryland University College, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3567900.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to explore how small and mid-sized enterprises (SMEs) can leverage open innovation to increase their economic viability and success in this modern, globalized post-industrial society marked by constant change and intense competition. To date, most open innovation research has focused exclusively on large companies, while neglecting the specific competitive challenges and strategies of SMEs. This dissertation evaluates the open innovation landscape from the vantage point of SMEs because these firms play a significant role in economies around the globe. Innovation is a crucial driver in their ability to survive, compete, and prosper. The dissertation author created three new models to explore the research topic. The first, the Holistic Model of Innovation, is useful to more fully understand the entire innovation landscape (both closed and open innovation as well as product and non-product innovations). This dissertation also presents the author’s SME Competitive Challenges Model , which identifies the main size-related competitive hurdles that SMEs face (i.e., challenges related to a lack of resources, limited dynamic capabilities, and excessive risk exposure). Additionally, the author presents his SME Open Innovation Strategies Model, which evaluates various open innovation strategies for overcoming these competitive challenges. This dissertation presents a series of propositions based on these new conceptual models and tests them by conducting a systematic review, several meta-syntheses, a case study, and multiple statistical meta-analyses with data from 34,676 SMEs across dozens of industries in 27 countries.
Keywords: Small and Mid-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), Small Business Strategy, Global Open Innovation, Closed Innovation, Size-Related Competitive Challenges
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Bader, Martin A. "Intellectual property management in R&D collaborations the case of the service industry sector ; with 21 tables." Heidelberg New York Physica-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2764781&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Nemkyová, Renata. "Intellectual Property and Access to Medicines: Patent Pooling as Access Enabler in Pharmaceutical Industry." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193645.
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The doctrine of intellectual property is based on the assumption that the exclusivity to commercialize a novel product granted to an inventor creates incentives to conduct research. In some areas, however, intellectual property can constitute a barrier to development of social welfare. In the area of access to medicines in developing countries, the intellectual property-related problem can take two forms. When needed products are not being developed and thus do not exist, lack of availability occurs. Lack of accessibility, on the other hand, arises when necessary medicines do exist, but their prices are prohibitive for people from resource-poor countries. Based on a detailed analysis of the patent and trade environment in the pharmaceutical sector, the thesis examines the potential of patent pooling as a joint intellectual property management strategy to increase access to medicines within the existing international intellectual property system. Particularly, it analyzes the effects of an existing pharmaceutical pool, the Medicines Patent Pool, on accessibility of antiretroviral medicines in low and middle income countries.
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Matshwane, Ontiretse Lesley. "Knowledge management in the IT outsourcing service Industry of South Africa: a case of Western Cape and Gauteng Provinces." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1398.
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Thesis Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology (MTech) in Information Technology in the Faculty of Informatics and Design at the Cape Peninsula University of TechnonlogyThe sourcing of IT solutions (whether to provide internal solutions or to outsource services to specialized IT service providers) is a major strategic decision for all organizations. This study sought to explore the dynamics of Knowledge Management (KM) implementations in the Information Technology (IT) services outsourcing industry. A qualitative research method was then used to carry out the investigation. Using the purposive sampling technique, the IT services industry, comprising IT services clients and service providing organizations (contractors) in both the public and private sectors were the main sources of primary data, whereas secondary data came from the literature. Then, because of its alignment to the interrogation of a subjective nature that requires interpretation (KM in IT outsourcing industry), critical paradigm together with interpretive paradigm collectively known as critical-interpretive paradigm became appropriate for this study. The primary data was collected through the use of interviews which were subsequently subjected to content analysis and the Actor Network Theory (ANT) was deployed as the analytical lens. ANT aided in drawing a comparison between the ideal IT services industry network and the actual meaning of the findings. Findings reveal that whilst most service providing organizations (contractors) demonstrate significant improvement in the management of knowledge assets, particularly the protection of intellectual property, the same cannot be said of their clients. Further, although there are encouraging cases of good practice and comprehension of the benefits of outsourcing in both sectors, IT services clients still engage in careless practices when appointing their contractors. For example, in most cases the clients’ appointing panels are not representative of all stakeholders but only limited to management with no regard for the input from IT professionals. Low numbers of dedicated KM departments in IT services client organizations is also a concern since it is these departments who should champion the KM processes and implementations. On outsourcing, it is recommended that organizations must implement clear and representative selection policies during the selection of contractors and not just rely on past experiences or exclude other key stakeholders. On the protection of intellectual property (IP) and organizational culture, a recommendation is that organizations should define clear KM processes aimed at addressing issues from deliberate protection of knowledge assets to timely and secure dissemination of knowledge. The allocation of sufficient time to knowledge workers to integrate, discover better ways of doing things is also proposed, together with a concise definition of how new ideas will be evaluated and selected for further development and investment.
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Soranzo, Benedetta. "Patent management: a theoretical and empirical investigation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423137.
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It is well recognised that in today’s economic environment, intangible assets, such as intellectual property rights (IPRs), represent key factors for creating and sustaining firm competitive advantage. The growing relevance of intellectual property (IPRs), and patents in particular, has moved their management from a mere legal burden to a strategic matter. Thus, firms are increasingly challenged to effectively manage their own patents, but not all organisations have yet developed the expertise for doing so.
Despite the topic of patents have recently been the subject of a burgeoning amount of management studies, there are still several under investigated issues, that, in turn, make it difficult to understand how firms can actually manage their patents in a more effective and strategic way.
Examining different issues in different settings, this thesis aims at contributing to the field of patent management by responding to some of those questions that, until now, have been unanswered in literature.
This thesis is composed of six chapters. The introductory chapter explains in detail the motivation of the thesis and provides an overview of the other chapters and their specific purpose. The second chapter (“The impact of formal and informal appropriability regimes on firm profitability in medium high-tech industries”) investigates whether firms might reap higher economic benefits while protecting their innovations through patents or informal appropriability regimes. Results of the second chapter showed that the number of patented inventions in not associated to higher firm profitability and that firms relying on “informal appropriability regimes” can reach higher levels of economic and financial performance. From subsequent series of interviews some managers of the firms participating to the previous study, it emerged that they have little knowledge and scarce competences to actively manage these kind of assets, and in turn, this might lead to an inappropriate identification of the inventions that are worth patent protection. Moreover, managers underlined that often decisions about patents are made in a quick and arbitrary way only on the base of subjective perspectives.
Therefore, in the third chapter (“Managing firms’ patents: an investigation into the literature from academic and non-academic sources“), an extended literature review on patent management was performed to better understand what extant studies have suggested in order to appropriately manage patents in practice. From this analysis it emerged that, despite previous literature has provided useful understandings about different patent-related issues, there is a lack of insights into how firms can actually enhance their patent management despite starting from a scarce awareness and expertise about that. Hence, after having formulated and explained in depth that research questions in the fourth chapter (“Literature gaps, research questions and research methodology”), in the fifth chapter (“Redesigning patent management process: an Action Research project”) is illustrated the Action Research (AR) project that was carried out in collaboration with a firm not having high competences about patent management issues but highly committed to improve its approach towards patents.
Finally, in the last chapter, the overall conclusions are drawn, highlighting the academic and managerial implications that can be derived from the present thesis. Indeed, by investigating the aspects above explained, this dissertation enriches the extant research in the field of patent management and it contributes to management practice by providing examples and recommendations for improving the management of patents.E’ ampiamente riconosciuto che, nel contesto economico odierno, gli asset intangibili, quali i diritti di proprietà intellettuale, rappresentino un fattore chiave per creare e sostenere il vantaggio competitivo delle aziende. La crescente importanza dei diritti di proprietà intellettuale, in particolar modo dei brevetti, ha fatto sì che, negli anni, la gestione di queste risorse assumesse rilevanza strategica. Tuttavia, nonostante saper gestire i propri brevetti in modo appropriato sia diventato sempre più importante, molte aziende non hanno ancora sviluppato le competenze necessarie in tal senso. Comprendere come le aziende, nella pratica, possano gestire i propri brevetti in modo efficace e strategico è reso ancor più difficile dal fatto che, nonostante questo tema sia stato recentemente oggetto di un cospicuo numero di studi, molti aspetti restano ancora inesplorati. Pertanto, tale tesi, analizzando alcuni di questi aspetti in diversi contesti, mira a contribuire alla tematica della gestione dei brevetti, rispondendo ad alcune domande che ad oggi non trovano risposta nella letteratura. Questa tesi è quindi composta da sei capitoli. Nel capitolo introduttivo viene spiegata la motivazione alla base dello studio e viene fornita una panoramica dettagliata circa gli argomenti trattati nei successivi capitoli e gli obiettivi specifici che ciascuno di essi persegue. Il secondo capitolo (“The impact of formal and informal appropriability regimes on firm profitability in medium high-tech industries”) studia se le aziende possono ottenere un maggiore ritorno economico dalle proprie innovazioni proteggendole attraverso l’uso di brevetti o di altri regimi di appropriabilità informali. I risultati delle analisi condotte in questo capitolo mostrano che il numero di brevetti posseduto da un’azienda non è associato ad un miglioramento della profittabilità di quest’ultima e che le aziende che adottano principalmente regimi di appropriabilità informali raggiungono migliori performance economico-finanziarie. Da una serie di successive interviste con alcuni manager delle aziende che hanno preso parte a questo studio è emersa la mancanza di conoscenze e competenze circa una gestione attenta ed attiva dei brevetti. Infatti, i manager hanno sottolineato che spesso le decisioni relative ai brevetti vengono prese in modo poco ponderato, basandosi soltanto su percezioni soggettive. Tutto ciò, a sua volta, potrebbe portare ad una non corretta identificazione delle invenzioni per cui sarebbe opportuno richiedere la protezione brevettuale o continuare a mantenere attiva quest’ultima. Pertanto nel terzo capitolo (“Managing firms’ patents: an investigation into the literature from academic and non-academic sources”) è stata condotta un’estesa revisione della letteratura volta a comprendere quali basi gli studi preesistenti abbiano posto per definire un’appropriata gestione dei brevetti. Da questa analisi è emerso che, nonostante la letteratura fino ad ora abbia approfondito diverse questioni relative ai brevetti, mancano indicazioni su come le aziende, pur partendo dall’avere poca consapevolezza e competenze relative a tali aspetti, possano iniziare a migliorare il proprio approccio alla gestione dei brevetti. Quindi, dopo aver formulato e spiegato le domande di ricerca nel quarto capitolo (“Literature gaps, research questions and research methodology”), nel successivo (“Redesigning patent management process: an Action Research project”) viene illustrato il progetto di Action Research che è stato condotto in collaborazione con un’azienda, caratterizzata inizialmente da una scarsa competenza in materia di brevetti, ma fortemente motivata a migliorare il proprio approccio circa la gestione di questi asset. Infine, nell’ultimo capitolo, vengono tratte le conclusioni dell’intero lavoro, mettendo in evidenza le implicazioni accademiche e manageriali che possono essere tratte dalla presente tesi. Infatti, avendo approfondito i diversi aspetti finora descritti, questa tale ricerca arricchisce la letteratura accademica sul tema della gestione dei brevetti e, al contempo, contribuisce a fornire ai manager esempi pratici e suggerimenti su come sia possibile migliorare la gestionale di tali risorse.
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Smeilus, Gavin. "The new product development process, signed intellectual property license achievement by independent inventors and factors influencing their success." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/606559.
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Lorenczik, Christian [Verfasser], and Theo [Akademischer Betreuer] Eicher. "Three essays on the role of intellectual property rights in innovation, foreign direct investments and imitation / Christian Lorenczik. Betreuer: Theo Eicher." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1023435624/34.
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Teshome, Mehari Beyene. "Patent Management: Scale development and validation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425797.
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Abstract
There is a great interest by practitioners and academics to consider patents as a strategic and organizational concern aiming to bring economic and competitive advantage, in addition to its legal value. To this end, patent management has a critical importance for enterprises operations, and successful firms are also known by their well-structured management process and organizational structure for patenting. However, there is a demand for a holistic, valid and practical measurement instruments to monitor patent management and assess firm patent portfolios. To fill this gap, the current study develops and validates patent management measurement scales at the firm level. To this purpose, a four-step (i.e. specify domain of the construct, item generation, scale purification, and scale finalization) widely recognized and structured scale development and validation procedure towards developing psychometrically sound measures is adopted.
The first two steps focus on the development of measurement scales within a defined scope of investigation. To this end, an in-depth literature review supported by a qualitative analysis through interview with experts is carried out. These analyses allowed conceptualizing the theoretical background of the constructs under investigation, which leads us to develop a theoretical framework of patent management with core processes and supporting dimensions and associated activities and organizational aspects. Then, the pool of measurement items for each activities and organizational aspects are generated.
In the third and fourth steps, we carried out exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to purify and validate, respectively, the measurement items using two samples of primary data collected through an online survey sent to firms located in Southern and Northern European countries (the EFA) and Central European countries (the CFA). The results of EFA and CFA yield some changes to the initial framework and the measurement items. More particularly, the study demonstrates that patent management is composed of five core processes (i.e. patent generation, freedom to operate, patent portfolio management, patent exploitation and enforcement, and patent intelligence) and two supporting dimensions (patent strategy and organization for patenting). For each core process and supporting dimension, the underlying factor structure with the associated measurement items are finalized after removing some items based on established criteria for item retention. Reliability and validity are also assessed to further support the soundness of the measurement scales.
This study has both theoretical and practical implications. For academics, the study extends existing research by offering an up-to-date and comprehensive conceptualization of firm patent management activities, thereby enriching patent management body of literature. Moreover, it offers researchers a basis to test hypotheses about the relationships among processes and dimensions of patent management, and firms output attributes (e.g. performance) using real data collected from firms. In addition, the scales developed in this study for each core process and supporting dimension can also be used separately to suit specific research needs and examine a particular aspect of patent management. For managers, the study offers a comprehensive framework that can be used as an assessment tool to evaluate firm patent management. Moreover, the measurement of the current level of patent management can be used as a basis for managers and entrepreneurs to adopt a proactive attitude towards patent management.Sommario Considerare i brevetti come un aspetto strategico-organizzativo che mira a portare un vantaggio economico e competitivo, in aggiunta al suo valore legale, sta diventando una pratica sempre più consolidata tra professionisti e accademici. In tal senso, la gestione dei brevetti ha un'importanza fondamentale per le imprese, tanto che le aziende di successo sono altrettanto note per la struttura organizzativa ed i loro efficaci processi di gestione dei brevetti. Tuttavia, vi è una richiesta di strumenti di misura olistici, validi e pratici per gestire i brevetti e valutare portafogli brevetti delle aziende. Per colmare questa lacuna, tale lavoro di tesi sviluppa e convalida delle scale di misura con riferimento al processo di gestione brevettuale a livello aziendale. A questo scopo, è stata adottata un’ampiamente conosciuta procedura di sviluppo e validazione di scale di misura strutturata in quattro fasi (i.e. specificare il dominio del costrutto, generare gli item, purificare le scale e finalizzare le scale). Le prime due fasi si concentrano sulla definizione dell’ambito di indagine e sullo sviluppo di scale di misura in questo ambito. A tal fine, è stata effettuata una revisione approfondita della letteratura supportata da un'analisi qualitativa attraverso delle interviste con esperti. Queste analisi hanno permesso di concettualizzare il background teorico dei costrutti oggetto di indagine, il che ha portato a sviluppare un framework di gestione dei brevetti composto da processi core e dimensioni di supporto, al cui interno sono state definite le rispettive attività e gli aspetti organizzativi. Quindi, è stato generato l’insieme di item di misura per ciascuna attività e aspetto organizzativo. Nella terza e quarta fase, sono state effettuate un'analisi fattoriale esplorativa e un'analisi fattoriale confermativa per purificare e validare, rispettivamente, gli item di misura utilizzando due campioni di dati primari raccolti attraverso un sondaggio online inviato alle aziende situate in Paesi dell'Europa meridionale e settentrionale (analisi esplorativa) e paesi dell'Europa centrale (analisi confermativa). I risultati di tali analisi hanno portato ad alcune modifiche al framework iniziale e agli item di misura. Più in particolare, lo studio dimostra che la gestione dei brevetti è composta da cinque processi fondamentali (i.e. generazione di brevetti, freedom to operate, gestione del portafoglio brevetti, sfruttamento e enforcement dei brevetti e intelligence sui brevetti) e due dimensioni di supporto (strategia dei brevetti e organizzazione per la brevettazione). Per ciascun processo principale e dimensione di supporto, sono stati definiti attività e fattori organizzativi (i cosiddetti “fattori”), con i relativi item di misura, dopo aver rimosso alcuni item in base a precisi criteri stabiliti in precedenza. Al fine di supportare ulteriormente la solidità delle scale di misurazione, sono state valutate l'affidabilità e la validità delle scale di misura con appositi test statistici. Questo studio ha implicazioni sia teoriche che pratiche. Dal punto di vista accademico, lo studio estende la ricerca esistente offrendo una concettualizzazione completa e aggiornata delle attività di gestione dei brevetti a livello aziendale, arricchendo in tal modo la letteratura sulla gestione dei brevetti. Inoltre, offre ai ricercatori una base per testare le ipotesi sulle relazioni tra i processi e le dimensioni della gestione dei brevetti e le caratteristiche di output delle imprese (e.g. prestazioni) utilizzando dati reali raccolti dalle aziende. Inoltre, le scale sviluppate in questo studio per ciascun processo core e dimensione di supporto possono anche essere utilizzate separatamente per soddisfare esigenze di ricerca specifiche ed esaminare un aspetto particolare della gestione dei brevetti. Per i manager, lo studio offre un quadro completo sulla gestione brevettuale che può essere utilizzato come strumento di valutazione per analizzare la gestione dei brevetti. Inoltre, la misura dell'attuale livello di gestione dei brevetti può essere utilizzata come base per manager e imprenditori per adottare un atteggiamento proattivo nella gestione brevettuale.
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Sugden, Christopher Michael Gordon. "The practical accomplishment of novelty in the UK patent system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2ef0fd06-dcd8-4b21-8ef8-ab914d8de15f.
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Novelty is a widespread notion that has not been given commensurate critical attention. This research is an ethnographically-inclined exploration of practices surrounding the accomplishment of novelty in an institution for which novelty is a central notion: the patent system of the United Kingdom. The research is based on interviews with patent examiners at the UK patent office, interviews with patent attorneys at various legal firms, and documentary analysis of legislation and numerous legal judgments. The thesis brings to bear themes from Science and Technology Studies and ethnomethodology to assess the extent to which they can account for the practices surrounding novelty in the UK patent system. As a fundamental legal requirement for the patentability of inventions, novelty is a central part of the practices of patent composition, assessment and contestation. Rather than being a straightforward technical criterion, however, novelty is shown to be a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon emerging from interwoven legal, bureaucratic and individual practices. The local resolution of whether or not a given invention is new, and the cross-institutional coherence of novelty as a practicable notion, raise questions concerning ontology, accountability, scale and inconcludability, and provide an opportunity for empirically grounded engagement with these longstanding analytical concerns.
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Fares, Tony Yussef. "Digital rights management for smart containment objects." Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060511.151012/index.html.
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Pena, Fernanda Ferraz. "Avaliação da cultura da proteção ao conhecimento científico e tecnológico na área de Biotecnologia na FIOCRUZ-BA." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4199.
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Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio (fiscina@bahia.fiocruz.br) on 2012-07-18T21:27:51Z
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Fernanda Ferraz Avaliação da cultura da proteção ao conhecimento....pdf: 1350921 bytes, checksum: e514f48255c4b333142f683b74cec9c3 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-18T21:27:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Ferraz Avaliação da cultura da proteção ao conhecimento....pdf: 1350921 bytes, checksum: e514f48255c4b333142f683b74cec9c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
O IGM tem um portfólio de inovação que fortalece a necessidade de poder contar com um NIT que possa oferecer apoio burocrático, administrativo e informativo acerca das etapas que envolvem o processo de proteção dessas tecnologias. Além disso, a existência de um curso de Pós-Graduação no IGM na área de Biotecnologia, com ênfase no desenvolvimento tecnológico, reforça a necessidade de existência de um NIT que possa desenvolver e por em prática mecanismos eficientes para detectar precocemente os projetos de pesquisa com potencial tecnológico passíveis de patenteamento, e orientar desde o início os estudantes da Instituição a proteger o conhecimento gerado por suas pesquisas, sensibilizando-os quanto à importância da proteção desses resultados através da organização de eventos de capacitação na área de PI. Após quatro anos de criado o Sistema GESTEC-NIT, fez necessário a realização do diagnóstico da cultura da Propriedade Intelectual gerados na FIOCRUZ-BA. Para realizar esse diagnóstico, foram aplicados questionários aos pesquisadores e estudantes de pós-graduação dos cursos abrigados na Instituição. Como resultado, verificou-se que necessário que o NIT tenha uma ação mais pró-ativa dentro do IGM, identificando os projetos que têm potencial de gerar resultados patenteáveis desde o início, a fim de monitorar e auxiliar os pesquisadores envolvidos no projeto na adequada proteção dos seus resultados.
The FIOCRUZ-BAHIA has an innovation portfolio that strenghthens the necessity to have the support of an Innovation Technology Office that can offer bureocractic, administrative and informative support for the phases that take part of the process of protecting these technologies. Besides that, the post-graduate course offered by the FIOCRUZ-BAHIA in the area of Biotechnology, focused on the technological development, reinforces the need for an Innovation Technology Office which can develop and implement efficient mechanisms to prematurely detect research projects with technological potential, eligible for patenting, and guide from the beggining the students involved in the research to protect the knowledge produced from their research projects, informing them about the importance of protecting their results through the organization of trainning events in the area of Intellectual Property. After four years since the GESTEC-NIT System was created, it was necessary to perform an evaluation of the Intelectual Property culture at FIOCRUZ-BAHIA. In order to realize this evaluation, questionnaires were applied to researchers and post-graduate students of the courses offered at the Institution. As a result, it was verified that the Innovation Technology Office should have a more active action at FIOCRUZ-BAHIA, identifying the projects with potential to generate patents since the beggining, in order to monitor and support the researchers involved in the project with the adequate protection of its results.
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Wright, John Beric. "A computer software model for the assessment of commercial property loans." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49683.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The development of computer software is a complex and laborious task, further complicated by the fact that copyright legislation is vague, at best. If the software is being developed for commercial exploitation then speed to market is essential and, even then, there is little to prevent skilled competitors from copying or even cloning the model. During the course of the year 2000 a team of developers, c ompr t s tn g Phillip Munday, Chris Vietri and the writer, not only managed to develop and prototype a complex loan evaluation software model, but have carried it through to the initial stages of a phased implementation and are presently involved in negotiations to sell the intellectual property rights (IPR) to a firm which specialises in the marketing of software to the banking industry internationally. It is virtually impossible for a single person to develop a model of this nature as it requires a comprehensive skills asset, including broad-based financial knowledge, specialised banking skills as well as a sound knowledge of information systems architecture, not to mention software p rogramming skills. The implementation and subsequent sale of the model further required comprehensive project management skills as well as the human resources understanding required for the substantial change management involved. Each of these 3 parties brought not only their particular exp ert i se to the table, but also a holistic view of the final shap e and form of the model. As is the case with projects of this magnitude numerous difficulties were encountered. These were, however, all overcome, via a series of iterations, and the model was introduced to the business on schedule. The implementation itself was fraught with difficulty, but the combination of a phased approach, together with comprehensive training and support, has led to the acceptance of the model by business users. There remain some technical difficulties which require to be resolved, particularly the disappointing performance of the model over a wide area network and also its integration with existing systems, but the model itself has exceeded expectations. It is simple to use, allows for a comprehensive and focused loan assessment and offers the ability to perform sophisticated sensitivity analysis in a fraction of a second. The model is now in its final shape and has been formally named Version 1.0, yet a great deal of work remains. We, as a bank, are not ideally suited to become purveyors of software and need to expedite the transfer of the IPR to a neutral party, to avoid local banks who might wish to purchase it from viewing our involvement with suspicion. Once this has been done, and the final phase of implementation concluded in March 2001, we will be able to move on to the exciting task of creating derivatives of the model, aimed at meeting the needs of other elements of the industry.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwikkeling van rekenaar-sagteware is 'n lang en intensiewe proses. Hierdie proses word voorts bemoeilik deur onvoldoende en ongetoetsde patentreg-wetgewing. Wanneer die doel van sagtewareontwikkeling winsbejag is, is leweringspoed na gebruikers van die uiterste belang aangesien menige mededinger die vermoë het om 'n model na te boots en te verbeter. Gedurende die afgelope jaar het 'n ontwikkelingspan bestaande uit Phillip Munday, Chris Vietri en die skrywer 'n werksmodel van 'n gesofistikeerde, krediet-evalueri ng sagteware modelontwikkel. Nie net is hierdie model deurgevoer tot 'n gefasseerde, interne implementering nie; dit is nou vêr genoeg ontwikkel om die intellektuele eiendomsreg te verkoop aan 'n groep wat toegespits is op die bemarking van bankgerigte sagteware op 'n wêreldwye basis. Dit is bykans onmoontlik vir een persoon om 'n soortgelyke model te ontwikkel weens die omvattende finansiëIe - en bankpraktyk kennis wat vereis word. Verdere vereistes is 'n deeglike kennis van sagteware argitektuur en programmering. Die implimentering en verkoop van die program vereis ook wye kundigheid op die gebiede van projekbestuur en vernuwingsbestuur weens die potensiële strukturele veranderinge in 'n nuwe gebruiker. Elkeen van die 3 partye het benewens sy eie kundigheid ook 'n oorsigtige bydrae gelewer tot die finale model. Soos met elke projek van hierdie omvang was daar groot struikelblokke. Die uitdagings is oorkom deur menige probeerslae en die model is betyds aan die besigheid bekendgestel. Die implimentering was moeiliker as verwag maar deur 'n gefasseerde proses en omvattende opleiding en ondersteuning is aanvaarding deur gebruikers verseker. Daar is enkele, onopgelosde tegniese probleme soos die swak werkverrigting oor 'n wye' area-netwerk en die moeilike integrasie met bestaande stelsels. Desnieteenstaande het die model die meeste verwagtinge oortref. Dit is maklik om te gebruik, dit verseker deeglike krediet-evaluering en dit skep die geleentheid om veelvuldige sensitiwiteitsanalises tegelykertyd te doen. Die modeI is nou in sy finale weergawe en is bekend as " Version 1.0 " maar dit vereis nog heelwat skaafwerk. As 'n bank is ons nie geskik om sagteware te voorsien nie en daarom moet die verkoop van die intellektuele eiendomsreg na 'n tussenparty bespoedig word. Dit sal verhoed dat ons bank se betrokkenheid met agterdog deur plaaslike banke bejeën word. Wanneer dit bewerkstellig is en die finale implimenteringsfase is voltooi teen Maart 2001, kan ons beweeg na die opwindende taak om afgeleide modelle te ontwikkel wat sal voldoen aan wyer sektor-behoeftes.
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Janse, van Vuuren Francois Jacobus. "Technology licencing practices of South African manufacturing companies a profile and the influence of some organisational, transactional and contextual factors /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01122005-084535.
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Weyers, Ana Cristina Gonçalves. "Management accounting as a tool to measure the viability of performance management for the acedemia [sic] in higher education in South Africa / Ana Cristina Gonçalves Weyers (neè Cunha)." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4802.
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The primary aim of a Performance Management System is the development of a process where goals are set based on the needs of the organisation, while taking the development needs of the individual into account. These goals are negotiated and finalised through a continuous process of communication between all interested parties. In Higher Education, students, other internal clients, managers/supervisors and functional experts evaluate performances against these set goals. A well-designed system, if applied correctly, will benefit employees at various levels. Individuals become involved in setting goals or objectives; this in turn becomes the basis of a performance agreement. Performance feedback is regularly given and in terms of specific scoreboards, these scoreboards, in turn, indicated to which extent the performance goals were met or not. Over-achievers are rewarded accordingly while individuals, who do not meet their performance goals, are assisted and development programmes are suggested to improve relevant performance. Higher Education Institutions, particularly in South Africa, have been very unenthusiastic in adopting and implementing Performance Management Systems, especially when it involves management and appraisal of academic staff at institutions of higher learning. A possible reason for this reluctance may be found with the high opinion placed on the concept of 'academic freedom', and specifically, the difficulties associated with 'measuring' excellence in academic outputs and pursuits, and 'measuring intellectual property'. The goal of this study is to address and solve the stated problem and to evaluate Performance Management Systems currently used in Higher Education, in an attempt to measure their contribution to the Human Resource Management process. This research study was undertaken with the aim of investigating current levels of satisfaction with Performance Management as applied to Higher Education Institutions. The Balanced Scorecard, a Management Accounting tool, was also examined with the idea of serving as a tool to measure the viability of Performance Management of academia in Higher Education Institutions. This research study formulated one main objective, and four secondary objectives. The main objective of this study was to determine, with Management Accounting as a tool, the viability of Performance Management for the academia in Higher Education in South Africa.
The secondary objectives were summarised as follows:
• A review of Performance Management Systems,
• A comprehensive study of Performance Management Systems for academia in South Africa,
• The impact of Performance Management on academic staff performance, and staff development,
• An investigation into the Balanced Scorecard as a Management Accounting tool.
A comprehensive literature review was conducted, and from the literature it became evident that
Performance Management of academia in Higher Education Institutions is problematic. A questionnaire circulated to the academia of four Higher Education Institutions served as basis for the empirical section of this study. The empirical evidence gathered through the responses captured from the questionnaires suggested first hand that there is great dissatisfaction amongst academia regarding the Performance Management as applied to them. In this case the findings gathered from the empirical study corresponded with the findings from the literature review conducted for this study. Evidence gathered through the responses from the questionnaires suggested great dissatisfaction with the current Performance Management System and that academia is eager to investigate alternative methods of implementing Performance Management . The findings also suggested that the Balanced Scorecard, a Management Accounting tool, should be investigated further in an attempt to find an alternative method of Performance Management The findings of this study also identified areas for future possible research; there is a need for more extensive research studies to validate the use of the Balanced Scoreboard, a Management Accounting tool, as an alternative to the Performance Management Systems currently applied.Thesis (Ph.D. (Management Accounting))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.
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Rauber, Julius Verfasser], Knut [Akademischer Betreuer] Blind, and Katrin [Akademischer Betreuer] [Hussinger. "Connecting standardization, patenting and strategic publishing in the framework of firms’ innovation and intellectual property management / Julius Rauber. Gutachter: Katrin Hussinger. Betreuer: Knut Blind." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/106738734X/34.
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Rauber, Julius [Verfasser], Knut Akademischer Betreuer] Blind, and Katrin [Akademischer Betreuer] [Hussinger. "Connecting standardization, patenting and strategic publishing in the framework of firms’ innovation and intellectual property management / Julius Rauber. Gutachter: Katrin Hussinger. Betreuer: Knut Blind." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/106738734X/34.
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Michigan, Ryan. "Essays on Intellectual Property." Thesis, 2011. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8VT202Q.
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This dissertation consists of three essays on regulation. In the first essay, "Firm Reputation and Screening at the Patent Office", we assert that the patent office is an important regulator, exerting influence on firm outcomes. Prior research argues that powerful groups such as top innovators are able to capture their regulators , gaining favorable treatment in return for either monetary contributions to legislators' political committees or hoped-for future employment of regulators in the firms they regulate or in the firms of their legal representatives. It is also argued that regulators face many audiences and attempt to maximize their legitimacy to political entities, legal entities, the general public and the firms affected by their regulation. This can introduce a lack of consistency in decision-making. Given the considerable power of many regulators, this has implications for both policy and firm strategy. The patent office, in particular, faces considerable uncertainty about the value of the patent rights it provides. Further, patent examiners are under pressure to grant patents quickly and have no way of permanently disposing of an application other than by granting it. We argue that patent examiners tend to look for certain signals in attempting to determine the quality of the application. We assert that the patent office's focus on helping its clients obtain intellectual property rights make their clients' prior reputations most salient. Therefore examiners tend to rely on the prominence of the applicant in the prior patent art. This can grant either a positive or negative reputation depending upon the general reputation of that field in prior patent art. We utilize a dataset of all patents granted from 2001-2003. We use examiner-added citations to prior patent art, controlling for applicant-added citations as a measure of examiner screening. We find that firm reputation for patenting influences the level of scrutiny to which a patent application is subjected. In the conclusion we discuss the implications of these findings. In the second essay, "Which drugs obtain the Pediatric Exclusivity Provision" we examine the pediatric exclusivity regulation provision. Pediatric exclusivity is designed to reward companies for conducting pediatric trials for dosage and safety with 6 months' extra monopoly on their drug. Using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys from 1996-2007 and drug data from the FDA, we find that companies appear to base the decision to conduct pediatric trials almost solely on the basis of current sales (and hence presumably future projected revenue). We find the threshold for a sharply increased probability of obtaining pediatric exclusivity is annual sales of $260 million in the prior year. We estimate, very conservatively, that the total liability to consumers is US$ 21 billion as of end 2007. We also find, in accordance with prior criticism, that, (barring ADHD drugs, which are marketed primarily to minors) even after controlling for the total sales, the proportion of sales to minors does not affect the probability of obtaining pediatric exclusivity. This is in concordance with regulatory capture theory which would suggest that a powerful group (i.e.. brand-name drug manufacturers ) influenced Congress to pass this legislation to procure a benefit for themselves with a not-easily perceived cost to the much more diffuse group of pharmaceutical customers who pay brand-name prices for 6 more months as a result of delayed generic entry. In the third essay "Pediatric Exclusivity - Are the intended benefits being realized?" we examine the underlying rationale for the pediatric exclusivity and test whether the intended benefits of pediatric exclusivity are being realized. The pediatric exclusivity rule is intended to provide benefits to pediatric patients by providing clinicians with label information regarding safety and dosage in pediatric populations. We test whether valuable and important information is being produced and disseminated by the clinical trials that are undertaken to gain pediatric exclusivity. We do this by examining the patterns of publication of clinical trials before and after pediatric exclusivity is obtained and by examining the patterns of prescriptions to minor patients before and after pediatric exclusivity is obtained. We find no evidence of greater dissemination of pediatric information in the peer-reviewed literature after obtaining pediatric exclusivity. We also find no evidence of changing patterns of prescriptions to minor patients after pediatric exclusivity is obtained. This leads us to question the value of the information being provided and conclude that the intended benefits of pediatric exclusivity provision are not being realized. We conclude that pediatric exclusivity legislation is an example of regulatory capture, designed primarily to increase monopoly protection of the sales of brand-name drugs without producing many tangible benefits.
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Jou, Horng-jyh, and 周宏治. "Corporate Transaction Management of Intellectual Property." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22666255488061160130.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
商學系
84
Institution implies game rules. According to the game rules develops its strategy and implement it. Intellectual property key determinant in modern business management is no exception. institution and the corporate strategy deeply influence how a manages its IP transactions. Despite the relatively strong manufacturing capabilities, Taiwan technological follower country is very weak in international IP Besides, unlike in Japan the legal framework for IP in Taiwan is to the local firms'' disadvantage. Therefore Taiwan*s firms need formulate their own corporate strategies to cope with the serious mainly from abroad. Based on the case study of Acer Inc. in IP this thesis suggests the main findings as follows: (1) For the past decade, IP competition has soared to anevel and the institutional conditions have become far more stringent before. In the industries full of technological advancement, hardly escape this IP challenge and had better face it and be. (2) Because IP issues are concerned with many departments, the continuous support from top management is essential to the management. (3) Many fields of expertise contribute to IP competence. The of IP capabilities therefore requires multidisciplinarylearning and long-term commitment. (4) The evolution of IP management generally consists of fourrst phase characterizes firms without any IP capabilities. Whenress, they may enter phase two or phase three and may under attackes reactively like fire fighters or proactively as in acastle. Finally, firms may become IP offenders, though only a few firmsn really reach this phase.
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Sen, Gupta Rajorshi. "Management of Intellectual Property in Supply Chain Outsourcing." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11855.
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Firms outsource productive tasks to different locations in order to exploit factor price differentials and gain efficiencies from specialization. However, the benefits of outsourcing come with two risks. The first problem occurs when firms share their pre-existing intellectual property (IP) such as database and trade secrets with contractors. While IP is shared to facilitate the outsourcing project, the contractor may behave opportunistically and misappropriate the IP for its own benefit. Since firms derive significant value from their IP, this can lead to severe economic damages in terms of reduced market share and brand value. The second agency problem arises due to non-contractible effort exerted by the contractor. Depending on the outsourced task, shirking can lead to higher costs and poor quality product. In this dissertation, contractual solutions are developed to mitigate these agency problems associated with outsourcing.
First, several IP misappropriation cases are enumerated in the context of outsourcing. The existing literature is reviewed and the limitations are addressed in the light of these actual cases. Second, theoretical models are developed by considering two forms of IP misappropriation, depending on whether a R&D contractor emerges as a direct competitor of the principal firm, or the contractor sells the principal?s IP to a competitor. Contracts are developed to implement a ?carrot and stick? strategy, whereby firms share limited IP with their contractor and also provide incentive payments to deter shirking problem. It is shown that complementary strategies like product differentiation, task modularization, and investment in technological solutions can be useful when legal enforcement is weak. It is also demonstrated that even under the possibility of IP misappropriation; firms may gain from outsourcing if in-house inefficiency is high. However, if legal enforcement is weak, outsourcing would entail higher transaction costs. Finally, an event study is conducted to examine the effect of trade secret misappropriation on the value of Lexar. While Lexar is still outsourcing, it is explored how Lexar survived the IP misappropriation problem through product differentiation and marketing strategies.
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Lee, Jyh-Huei, and 李智揮. "Intellectual Property Rights Management Strategy in Electronic Commerce." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vau234.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
商學研究所
86
This thesis would first of all like to investigate the problem of intellectual property rights involved in electronic commerce from the point of view of information value. Secondly, I would explain and analyze the institution protecting intellectual property rights. Last, I will make suggestions on intellectual property rights management strategy that can be incorporated by corporations. The intellectual property rights management strategies mentioned in this paper include Domain Name, Copyright on the Internet, Homepage and Database. I would like to make further investigation and research on the topics mentioned above. The controversy involving intellectual property rights on the Internet mainly concerns the areas that effect all the individuals participating in electronic commerce. Thus, after analyzing situations encompassing the administration of intellectual property rights in electronic commerce, this paper would try to deduce appropriate strategies of intellectual property rights management for the decision-makers of corporations.
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Chiou, Hueih-Lih, and 邱惠立. "A Study on the Intellectual Property Right Securitization—From the Viewpoint of the Intellectual Property Right Management." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4uk6xr.
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Yu, Chiou-Jain, and 余秋琄. "A Study of Intellectual Property Right Management In CSIST." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79743778295312082709.
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碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
93
Abstract The Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology (CSIST) is a national defense research and development organization and its primary mission is the research and development of national defense weapon. Speaking of a development facility, its delivers are the invisible wisdom properties such as technology, know how, business secret... and so on. Under the policy of “conversion from military technologies and facilities for civilian use”, these intangible assets need to be managed with the management system for reaching the goals of the protection and the authorized utilization. The goals of this study are to effectively manage the achievement of the national defense research and development and how to apply it for promoting the industrial upgrade. Moreover, to enhance the level of science and technology in our country, and expect to establish the high-tech and the high added value industries. Furthermore, the development of marco-economy in the country would be driven. This study wish to understand present situation and drawbacks of the manage system of intellectual property (IP) in CSIST and recommend. Through this study, we find that to set up the department of IP rights responsibility in terms of the policies of IP in CSIST mainly due to the emphasis and support from supervisors. Since the IP rights responsibility department was established, the IP related laws would be formed in succession. About the IP rights strategies, each organization mostly stays at the stage of quality and quantity equally stress.They positively apply for patent and enhance the quality of patent. But in the direction of giving authorization of patent and taking the money from patent, the result is not good. They will face the strategy of the whole world in the future and promote technology and research and development ability. Moreover, they will look to the way of delivering the patent to reach the goal of taking the money from patent. In the side of IP rights management system, to implement the most thorough are as below： (1) The staff signs hire contract /work rule, whether there is IP rights related provision. (2) The IP rights education and training and informs staffs the management method of IP rights. (3) The publications are reviewed by review organization. (4) Establishes the IP rights management database. (5) The assessment mechanism of applying IP rights. (6) The ownership of IP rights when cooperate with other organization (7) The standard of IP rights commission carrying out by outside organization and judge choices. In the contrary, to implement not such thorough are： (1) The mechanism of changing and giving up the IP rights. (2) The mechanism of estimate the IP and the goal of taking the money from patent (3) The basis and principle of authorizing patent. (4) Research and develop the method of bookkeeping and carry out the result. (5) Whether carries on training the IP rights professionals and patent engineers. (6) Whether making a contract of S/W, Intranet/Internet (E-mail) methods? Is responsible by which section/whom? (7) A system of rewards applying IP rights. By sum up the above findings, we can make some conclusions which is described as below： (1) CSIST has drawn up the IP rights management correlation laws and its system is corresponding to the framework mentioned in this study. (2) CSIST has not issued the laws of implement not such thorough items (1)、(2)、(3) so that each section has no laws to implement. (3) Each section follows the laws made by sole responsibility department of CSIST to implement the related procedures without others laws made by themselves. (4) The section which established the sole responsibility department is more completed in the whole IP rights achievement management. (5) CSIST is an official business institution and any policy, law and regulations and the mechanism establishment must be implemented after the power and responsibility section and the senior supervisors. Besides, the procedure of approved in laws and system are superfluous, time-consuming and ineffective. (6) The main force in the national defense research and development achievement should take the protection primarily and utilization for auxiliary strategy. The soldiers and civilians general research and development achievement both take to protect and utilize strategies. According to reviewing literatures and analyzing interview, this study proposes some suggestions of management IP rights to CSIST to be a reference of IP rights department responsible for the work.
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Hsieh, Su-Yen, and 謝素燕. "A Case Study of Intellectual Property Management System Introduction." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dx556r.
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碩士國立中央大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
97
With the advent of the era of knowledge-driven economy, the value and importance of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) becomes more and more obvious. The domestic enterprises have learned the importance of IPRs. They try to institutionalize IPRs Management System in order to manage the IPRs efficiently and prevent infringing upon other’s IPRs. In addition, it will promote the enterprise profitability and growth. Therefore, the establishment of effective IPRs management systems will be an important issue in business management. This research is a case study carried out on an enterprise which has introduced the Taiwan Intellectual Property Management System (TIPS), launched officially by Taiwan’s Industrial Development Bureau, and explored all the processes of TIPS introduction, including the preparation before introduction, how to introduce TIPS, and the difficulties, bottlenecks and resistance during this introduction period. In addition, this research also explored the advantages of business management after the enterprise set up the internal an Intellectual Property Management System and acquired the certificate of TIPS. Finally, this research attempts to present some related recommendations for the enterprises and the Taiwan government.
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Chuang, Hsiao-Ming, and 莊筱敏. "A Study on the Management Strategy of Intellectual Property." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00559147027735468107.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊管理研究所
84
Intellectual Property Rights(IPR) have become a major issue in international trade and investment. IPR are the legal means to ensure that the producers of technology reap the rewards of their investment, effort, and creativity. With the globalization of the world economy, nations are finding that maintaining the competitiveness is a critical factor in development. Global intellectual property protection is important to the industrialized countries given that the majority of new technology is generated there. Protection is equally important in other countries where significant market opportunities are expected, or where significant foreign competitors have manufacturing facilities. The IPR for Semiconductor Industry in Taiwan provide protection against copying of registered topographies, and the structure and the method of operation of electronic circuits embodied in integrated circuit products, or industrial processes used to manufactured integrated circuit products. This study provides a baseline reference to Researchers and Manufacturing Managers of Integrated Circuits in the area of IPR Management Strategy. The thesis aims to discuss the issues of IPR pertaining to the Semiconductor Industries in Taiwan. Six IC Manufacturing companies have been benchmarked to illustrate the IPR protection management. The model developed in this study provides IPR management strategy for Semiconductor industries in Taiwan. The frame work of the model developed focuses on the management strategy rather than on the legal and technical issues involved in the manufacturing of the Integrated Circuits.
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Bansi, Ramika. "Intellectual property management and protection : low intellectual property registration at universities : a case study of the Durban University of Technology." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/782.
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Thesis submitted in fulfillment for the requirements of the Degree of Master of Technology: Business Administration, Durban University of Technology, 2012.The purpose of this study was to investigate the low rate of registration of IP rights such as patents, trademark and design rights at the DUT, through a survey conducted with the academic research staff. Managing IP at a University of Technology today has new dimensions with the implementation of the IP Act 51 of 2008. Stimulation of the development and commercialization of technology within South Africa may benefit the country and its citizens. The knowledge economy indicates that research, development and innovation are fundamental prerequisites for achieving and maintaining competitiveness and sustained growth. The researcher undertook to explore reasons for low IP registration as a means to increase such activity at the DUT. This study adopted both the qualitative and quantitative methodologies with questionnaires distributed to full-time academic staff in selected departments. Factors that contributed to the gap between academic research and intellectual property registration were examined. This study investigates activities relating to patent registration, as well as the academic performance of researchers at DUT. The literature reviewed indicated that factors affecting low intellectual property right activities at the DUT may be a lack of awareness, implications of the ownership provisions, funding and an effective institutional arrangement for the management of intellectual property. This study identified strengths and weakness of DUT‟s IP management system. It is envisaged that the findings of the study will contribute to increasing IP registration at the DUT, in particular, and other UoT‟s in general. Low IP registration can be attributed to lack of understanding and awareness of the ownership provisions of the IP Act. The study highlighted lessons to be learned from universities in other countries and how the DUT‟s system can grow into an efficient and effective means of promoting national innovation and economic growth. In an increasingly global world, the ability to invent, design and manufacture goods and services that people want is more vital to our future prosperity than ever.
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Chou, Ming-Yi, and 周明毅. "Study on Strategy of Intellectual Property Rights Management-Startup Company." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jrt8x8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
智慧財產權研究所
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The so-called intellectual property rights. The law terms means the patent law, trademark law, copyright law and trade secret law, etc. The law has clearly defined rights and obligations. In order to obtain a patent and trademark rights that need to apply by national authority of patent and trademark. Patent authority is the Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Office in Taiwan. The application fee and annual maintenance fee will be accumulated considerable expense. Many Intellectual Property Rights Management studies that focus on publicly traded companies conducted include domestic and foreign. Well-known abroad, such as IBM, APPLE and GOOGLE, domestic such as ASUS, TSMC and Hon Hai, etc. They are of high technical level and well-funded company. Therefore, in intellectual property management strategy, there is no comparative capital cost burden. However, for startup (capital of 50 million or less) is concerned, and can not invest a lot of money for intellectual property policy management and layout. The global competitive environment. Technology progress and change. Always need to generate start-up Companies. In order to maintain their economic advantages. To avoid loss of national competitiveness and marginalized. So the market is the need to create new company. startup company in case of insufficient funds and technical difficulties. How to complete development of intellectual property management strategy is necessary to study.