Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Intellectuels – Chili – 19e siècle'
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Blumenthal, Edward. "Exils et constructions nationales en Amérique du sud : proscrits argentins et chiliens au XIXe siècle." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070085.
Full textThis dissertation analyses the role of exile in nation building in Argentina and Chile (1810-1860). Analyzing the correspondence and other writings of mid-century romantic intellectuals as a corpus produced in, and shaped by, exile, it looks at the production, circulation and reception of these texts, and the effects this circulation had on the development of nation building projects in both countries. It also examines the circulation of the exiles themselves in the region and shows how exiles used cross-border networks, based on commercial and family networks that pre-dated independence, to find employment and fight for change at home, as well as working in professions associated with the articulation of nation-building projects. Participation in the host countries' public sphere profoundly shaped both the exiles' political projects as well as debates in the host countries themselves. Argentinians in Chile found a model of stability and ordered progress, which tempered their liberal romanticism, but also affected on political conflict in Chile. Chileans in the Rio de la Plata brought with them a series a representations of exile, developed by Argentinian exiles, which would shape both their view of Chile and their participation in the conflicts between Buenos Aires and the Confederation. Furthermore, the effects of the encounter between Chilean and Argentinian exiles had repercussions in the founding texts, debates and historiography of both countries. Indeed, in part because of exile, the mid-century liberal nation-building projects of both countries were profoundly intertwined
González, Francisco Javier. "La France au Chili : présences et modèles, 1870-1914." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010524.
Full textEchenique, Catalina Valdés. "Del cruce a la frontera : una historia visual de la Cordillera de los Andes entre Argentina y Chile durante el siglo XIX." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0147.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the visual configuration of the Andes in the history of culture and art of Argentina and Chile during the nineteenth century. It proposes a thematic journey of the period from a selection of visual objects and texts produced in both countries at the time when they were defined and established as modern nations. At the beginning of this journey, in the early years of the republican era, the Cordillera is represented and symbolized as the scenario of the main events of the independence revolution, so it becomes a landmark for the construction of a memory and a national identity. The analysis continues with the pictorial presence of the Cordillera, particularly in some works representing this Andes as a place of political stake for these two nations at the middle of the century. With the establishment of the Cordillera as a landscape image, a reflection has been elaborated around the aesthetic status of the sublime and its updates in the Latin American context by considering the installation of the pictorial genre in the Chilean environment. The journey ends with the analysis of the visual construction of the Cordillera as a natural border between the two countries. It is observed how images of various types become argumentative pieces for the geopolitical dispute. The purpose of this work is to verify, through case studies, the diversity of rhetorical functions that assumes the representation of nature in the process of developing a national narrative
Capelle-Pogăcean, Antonela. "Représentations de la Nation chez les intellectuels hongrois et roumains : origines historiques et idéologiques." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0022.
Full textLópez, Elvira. "Le processus de construction de l'Etat au Chili : une étude à travers l'organisation des finances publiques et de la bureaucratie (1817-1860)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0072.
Full textLa tesis aborda el proceso de construcción estatal en Chile durante los años 1817-1860, a partir del estudio de la organización de la hacienda pública y la formación de un cuerpo burocrático. El análisis de las finanzas y de la creacion de una burocracia estatal permite observar las transformaciones, los cambios y continuidades que supone la ruptura dei pacto colonial. La formacion y afianzamiento dei Estado están lejos de caracterizarse por una evolución clara y lineal; este es un proceso complejo, que presenta avances y retrocesos, y una negociación constante entre aquello que se hereda y lo que se busca construir. En el caso chileno, esta dicotomia entre el apego a la tradición y a lo moderno estuvo muy marcada por los vaivenes de la guerra; y si el resultado fue el afianzamiento de un modelo republicano de raigambre liberal y de una economia orientada al comercio exterior, ello tuvo mucho de coyuntural y de pragmático. El estudio de la organización de la hacienda pública muestra que la creación de una estructura e institucionalidad ecónmica. Representa el principal desafio del proceso de construcción estatal tras la independencia, pues sólo en la medida que se cu enta con recursos se puede hacer la guerra y defender una entidad politica independiente. A lo largo del trabajo se cuestiona también la "excepcionalidad" dei modelo estatal chileno, apuntando a las bases de la exitosa y temprana instauración de un modelo politico-económico centralista que perdurará en el tiempo. En suma, la tesis se pregunta sobre el : proceso de formación estatal, des de una mirada que engloba el discurso oficial y juridico, y la realidad local y particular de los sujetos que vivieron dicho proceso
Cherniavsky, Bozzolo Carolina. "La religión en letra de molde : Iglesia y lectura en la arquidiócesis de Santiago, 1843-1899." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0019.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the study of transformations that supposed the extension of the reading and the culture printed in the plane of religion during second half of XIX century in Chile. The hypothesis of the thesis rests by demonstrate, on one hand, that extension of capacity to realise an individual reading was transformed into an important tool of catholic religion, and at the same time, that the reading can he seen like a conflict of interpretations between producers and controllers that try to fix in the text and those readers give at the time of reading. The research presents a thematic structure from three pillars: the study of the speech and representation that across this one constructed the diocesan catholic church of Santiago on the reading and the readers: the analysis of corpus of catholic printings produced in Chile, and the records of the texts that requested the licence of ecclesiastical printing
Bowen, Silva Martin. "Pouvoir, communication et système politique : l’espace public au Chili pendant l’âge des révolutions (1808-1830)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0121.
Full textThis dissertation studies the communicative pre-assumptions underlying political discourses and practices in Chile during the Age of Revolution (1808-1830). It is divided in two parts. The first one is dedicated to the analysis of publicity’s mechanics. It is demonstrated that publicity was primarily associated with visibility. This connection informed social practices meant to prove invisible realities. Publicity was also defined as a principle of propagation, whose main mechanisms were imitation and contagion. But the public sphere was also associated with the revelation of truth, as it is shown in the second part of this dissertation. For contemporaries, publicity was a place of constant struggle between competitive truths. At the same time, falseness constantly haunted the political system, being the mark of those that were to be excluded from political participation, and instilling fear among political actors that the sovereign people may also fall under its influence. Finally, truth was also supposed to be correctly transmitted, as it can be seen in the case of theater. As a place where truth had to be enunciated, theater had to be reformed in order to make it worthy of its civilizing mission. At the same time, to make sure that truth was correctly transmitted to spectators, all the mediations between them and the play had to be controlled. Taken as a whole, all these elements clarify how contemporaries understood the relationship between politics and communication
Grez, Toso Sergio. "Les mouvements d'ouvriers et d'artisans en milieu urbain au Chili au XIXe siècle : 1818-1890." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0061.
Full textJammet-Arias, Nathalie. "La formation de la conscience nationale au Chili : le rôle de l'Etat." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040102.
Full textZaldívar, Peralta Trinidad. "Sonrisas de la memoria : la caricatura en Chile : imaginario nacional y representación política (1858-1891)." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010714.
Full textCharle, Christophe. "Intellectuels et élites en France : 1880-1900." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010515.
Full textPerucci, Gonzalez Cristián. "Moderniser les lonkos et « traditionaliser » les leaders : la participation anglicane au destin politique mapuche, Gulumapu (1838-1935)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0036.
Full textThe first Mapuche political organizations with representative vocation appear, in its origins, closely linked to the Anglican missionaries and their activities. This fact is not accidental, but it is the result of the interlaced Mapuche-Anglican relationship since the arrival of the first missionary in 1838. The aim of this thesis is to understand how, in their integration into the Mapuche political plot, the Anglican project evolved from a general interest in the fate of "pagan" people in the "last end of the world", to become a privileged resistance agent against the Chilean oppression. Or from another perspective, seeing the different circumstances experienced by the Mapuche society in the nineteenth century -autonomy, war, occupation- our objective is to understand the causes that explain the Mapuche approach and assimilation of the Anglican proposal. Our study is divided into two parts. First we explore how, in the Anglicans circles, the Mapuches became an object to evangelize, and the way in which the first missionary attempts materialized. Although these missionary efforts had little effect on the political and religious reality of the Mapuche, for the Anglican it meant the development of a practical knowledge of the local reality, and an inspiration for new missionaries. From 1894, a new missionary project was structured on these experiences, which the second part of this work consists of. Focusing on religion, education and health, an important part of the Mapuche population adhered to this proposal, which contributed to better decipher the historical situation, and urged a new era in the Mapuche policy
Joseph, Délide. "Genèse d'« une idée avantageuse d'Haïti » : socio-histoire de l'engagement des intellectuels haïtiens, 1801-1860." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0013.
Full textA " Haitian Intellectual " is a person who, by all sorts of practices, product ideas that tend to define, question Haitian society. The study takes as its starting point, the Constitution of 1801 and ended with the restoration of the republican regime in 1859. Haitian intellectuals themselves as defenders of Haiti but also present as the embodiment of the capacity of countries access Civilization. This objective gives rise to a dual strategy of positioning. It is, first, to address the external stakeholders, as must be met defamatory writings of the ancient settlers and opponents of the project of a new state born of the struggle against slavery. It was then express a clear desire to distance themselves from other social groups in the country who do not share or do not master the accepted and dominant at the time social codes. The thesis therefore explores how such recognition sought out. The quest for recognition of intellectual expresses himself through a claim of Haiti's ability to access the civilization and progress, but also by the development of a knowledge that legitimize their political power. A practical effect of their application for recognition through the rehabilitation ofthe "black race. " This thesis shows how the Haitian intellectuals fail to think the relationship between universalism from their westemized training and the particularity of other cultures existing in Haitian society
Diaz, Soto Carlos Alonso. "Art et nationalisme au Chili : invention visuelle et construction symbolique d'une nation : 1810-1910." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30005.
Full textRohani, Vahid. "Intellectuels persans et occident de mirza aqa xan-e kermani (1855-1896) a jalal al-e ahmad (1923-1969)." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070068.
Full textSchurdevin-Blaise, Chloé. "Construction identitaire nationale et représentations de l'indien : le discours des manuels scolaires du Chili (1833-1925)." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20073.
Full textThe present thesis examines connections between the construction of national identity in Chile and representations of indigenous peoples in school textbooks in history, geography and reading. The period we study begins with the Constitution of 1833 and the recognition of the state's responsibility for the development of public primary education. It ends with the Constitution of 1925, which established compulsory primary education. For nearly a century, the elites tried to elaborate and transmit national values and myths to students through which they would develop nationalist sentiment. We create an understanding of how the perception of indigenous peoples was instrumentalized in that process and –successively or simultaneously- reivindicated, distanced or silenced, depending on periods, political convictions and elite interests. We begin our study by defining the main concepts of our research. The second part is more methodological: it deals with historiography, problematic and sources. Then we will analyze the documents in a quantitative and qualitative way in order to propose a periodization for the representations of indigenous peoples conveyed by textbooks. Finally we place the discourses in a national historical context and interpret the link between Chilean identity and indianity revealed in our sources
Sanchez, Barberan Matias. "Le républicanisme sud-pacifique à l'aune des recompositions impériales : Pérou, Bolivie , Chili. Années 1860." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0140.
Full textAs part of the studies on Atlantic republicanism, this thesis studies the South Pacific republican movement of the 1860s, particularly in Peru, Bolivia and Chile. It takes up the long history of HispanoAmerican republicanism in order to highlight its capacity to elaborate a vast political project, the culmination of which is the union of the American republics, a project that is currently little known by historiography. The imperial and colonial reconstitution effort of the middle of the century paved the way for a remarkable politicisation in the South Pacific. The Second Mexican Empire, the annexation of Santo Domingo to the Spanish crown, and finally the war of the South Pacific republics against Spain, are for the republicans the proof of a vast plan of monarchical reconquest in America. To counter this imperial situation, about fifteen republican societies were created in the main South Pacific cities. They gave republicanism an important social breadth. Among them were the landed elites, the commercial bourgeoisie, the craftsmen and the propagandists. If these societies reflect the specific relationships of each city, they also illuminate the transition between traditional forms of social organisation and modern political precepts. In terms of repertoires of action, they utilise the arsenal of tools of political confrontation and resort to illegitimate methods, such as attacks on consular houses, veiled threats and even insults. At the same time, they induced republican symbolism. Meetings to celebrate republican victories, subscriptions in favour of Mexican republicans and celebrations ofpatriotic holidays in neighbouring countries sanction the emergence of a new civic calendar. In this sense, these societies are constructing a wider political space that allows the distinctiveness of the South Pacific to be thought of. This thesis, by analysing the spread of republican societies, reveals the persistence of monarchist expressions in mid-century Hispanic America. The participation of Mexican conservatives in the imperial project makes it imperative to thwart any possible alliance between local monarchists and imperial powers. Spain's irruption in the South Pacific, triggered by the capture of the Chincha Islands on 14 April 1864, contributed to the radicalisation of tension between societies and states. The bellicose turn was an opportunity for the republican movement to claim social roots and the emancipatory value of republicanism, even if it meant raising the revolutionary potential of the war. In this sense, the study of this conflict invites us to analyse this critical moment, and to emphasise the republican reading of political modernity
Kim, Hyon-Kyong. "Pélerinage séculier : les études à l'étranger des Coréens depuis 1881 jusqu'à aujourd'hui." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0018.
Full textThis thesis considers Korean intellectuals tendency to complete their studies abroad from both a sociological and a historical perspective. The thesis is organised in three parts and focuses on the following questions : How di study abroad become a required stage of education for Korean intellectuals in the colonial period? How did the migration of Korean students create an "intelligentsia" and affect the formation of a self awareness among this new intellectual stream? Why did this movement continue to grow despite the expansion of the educational system after the Liberation of Korean in 1945? In answering these questions, this thesis contributes to our understanding of the global phenomenon of student diaspora
Fernández-Domingo, Enrique. "Les relations économiques entre la France et le Chili, 1880-1929 : une étude sur le négoce français au "cono sur" américain." Lorient, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LORIL003.
Full textDuring the last years of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth century, Chili knew an economic growth, deep profound alterations in its economic and social structures and an integration into the world economic system. At the same time industrial countries embarked on the conquest of the Latin-American markets in order to sell their industrial production. What success and restrictions did French commerce experience into the Chilean market between 1880 and 1929, considering these structural changes ? In the first part of this study, one will analyse the structures of Chilean market. In the second part one will analyse the difficulty for French commerce to keep its share the Chilean market. Finally, in the third part one will study the organisation of French business in Chile
Escobar, Villegas Juan Camilo. "Les élites intellectuelles en Euroamérique : imaginaires identitaires, hommes de lettres, arts et sciences à Medellin et en Antioquia (Colombie) : 1830-1920." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0009.
Full textThis research deals with the history of imaginaires identitaires in Colombia, particulary in the Antioquia region as seen though the texts and images that the intellectual elites, mostly located in Medellin, produced between 1830 and 1920. We have discovered the constant presence of an identity discourse which strongly emphasized "the Antioqueña race". We propose a research which does not overlook the relationship between the local, global, regional, national and international dimensions. That is why we have focused on the intellectual formation of the elites taught us that the idea of nation was not overwhelmingly present. They led us to think that the idea of region may sometimes be more powerful. In fact, the cities appear as the concrete worlds in the name of which men and women build their history. Therefore, we came to the conclusion that, for the elites of the nineteenth century, the material "progress" of the cities and the "civilizing processes" of everyday life were more important than the formation of what was known as national states. Consequently, a certain common structure linked the cities concerned to the "civilizing project". But one can also speak a long history of exchanged glances and contacts which developed according to the comings and goings of tastes, practices, ideas and of the people of Euroamerica who were attached to the great ideal of the nineteenth century : having a powerful imaginaire identitaire, which is one of the most crucial components of this idea of "progress and civilisation"
Duclert, Vincent. "L'usage des savoirs : l'engagement des savants dans l'affaire Dreyfus (1894-1906)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010658.
Full textValenzuela, Berta Monica. "La présence française au Chili durant le XIXe siècle : le cas de Raymond Auguste Quinsac Monvoisin (1790-1870)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28400.
Full textMora, Nelson. "L'influence francaise en peinture et en sculpture, pendant le xixe siecle, au chili." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20075.
Full textOur work is an attempt to establish the origin and development of the french influence in chile during the 19th. Century. It is the reason why we have achieved a historical retrospection in order to find out the economical, political, philosophical and artistic causes and consequences. In this retrospection, we take into account all the most significant facts which enable us to show that the artistic influence as far as painting and sculpture are concerned is a consequence of the influence which existed for a long historical period. Therefore, in the beginning, we examine the first contacts with the french and the settlement of the french people in chile, the changes in the colonial society of the end of the 18th. Century, and the independance based on the ideas of the french revolution. Then, we deal with the setting up of the cultural and artistic organisations, the stary of painter monvoisin in chili and the development of the academy of painting and sculpture. In the end, we shall speak about the chilian artists who were. .
Caradonna, Marta. "Intellectuels, institutions et expositions : la constitution des musées et des disciplines demo-ethno-anthropologiques en Italie à partir de 1850. : une histoire croisée." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH208.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD research is to retrace the various phases of the introduction of anthropological disciplines in Italy since the mid-19th century, connecting them with the social and political context of the country. The nascent anthropology, in fact, goes hand in hand with the construction of the Italian nation, intertwining with it and playing an active role in the life of the young Kingdom of Italy, a State which was officially established in 1861. Firstly, the thesis analyses the most relevant developments of the anthropological studies, reviewing the experiences of some of its protagonists and investigating the relationships between them. Secondly, it focuses on the history of Italian museums which have shown interest in the ethno-anthropological disciplines. This study makes it possible to understand the process of building and developing knowledge on man and society, the theoretical debate which follows, the ideological positions involved and the rise of new horizons and fields of study. Retracing the facts of the main anthropological museums in Italy also allows to gain a deeper understanding of socio-historical events such as: the breakthrough of evolutionism and positivism in Italian anthropology, the transition from the age of the “museum-laboratory” to that of the “democratic” museum open to the public, the debates on the nature of ethnographic objects, the advent of ethnographic museography, the Italian unification of 1861, the brief experience of Italian colonialism, the Esposizione Internazionale in Rome of 1911, the Primo Congresso di Etnografia and the relationship between Italian anthropology and Fascism.The birth of anthropological museums shows how in Italy, where the origins of anthropology are strongly characterized by the medical-biological approach, the interest on physical characters precedes and contains those on cultural aspects. This is evident in the first museums analysed here, such as the Museo Nazionale di Antropologia e Etnologia founded in 1869 by Paolo Mantegazza, the Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico founded by Luigi Pigorini in 1875 and the Museo di Etnografia Italiana created by Lamberto Loria and Aldobrandino Mochi in 1906.The goal is to understand the linkage between the places where the anthropological knowledge has been exhibited and the intellectuals who have studied and produced such knowledge in different socio-historical and political eras of Italy. To study these multiple dimensions I have also reconstructed the dynamics that led to the birth and the development of the Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico “Luigi Pigorini” and the Museo Nazionale delle Arti e Tradizioni Popolari “Lamberto Loria” in Rome
Biotti, Ariadna. "L’histoire par le livre : circulations et parcours de La Araucana : Santiago du Chili (1788-1888)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0126.
Full textThe main issue of the present thesis is to elucidate: why a book appears in Chilean society towards the end of the nineteenth century? Its main goal is to explain the role played by the first Chilean edition of La Araucana, written by the Spanish conquistador Alonso de Ercilla. This first edition was printed by Abraham Konig and composed by the Imprenta Cervantes in Santiago in 1888, with the objective of declaring it as the founding act of the country. The proposed methodology focuses in understanding the phenomenon of edition associated with the study of the previous material and interpretative circulation of the book. The structure of the thesis is composed by three consecutive parts through which the specific objectives of this work are achieved. Namely, an introduction where the main pillars of the work are explicitly stated, composed in relation to the national historiographic tradition. A first part where the details of the specific edition are stated, linked to the context and to the biographical background of the editor and printer. A second part where the phenomenon is contextualized from the information given by inventory sources, understood as the documentary type from which a major methodological proposition is deduced. And, a third part where we establish the stages of the national canonization process suffered by the book, analyzed through the examination of the private collections and libraries where the book was present. The thesis emphasizes the presupposition that history lies in the bibliographic changes that accompany the book, related with the political use that contextualizes the transit of La Araucana through different scenarios. The main hypothesis lies in the understanding of edition as a phenomenon associated to the dimension of the book's circulation, the previous horizon of expectation of its possible readers, linked to its physical existence and previous uses
Peliowski, Dobbs Amarí. "Traces de modernité : pratiques et fonctions du dessin d'architecture à I'époque des Lumières au Chili, 1762-1797." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0094.
Full textThis study is about an ensemble of drawings made in Chile during the second half of the eighteenth century. This historical period was characterized by the intensification of architectural activity in this region, encouraged by the efforts of Charles III of Spain (r. 1759-1788) to modernize the American cities that were under his dominion. One of the means of achieving this was to send engineers and architects to Latin America. From 1762 to the end of the century, around thirty professional constructors, ail certified by European engineering and architectural academies, arrived in Chile. Holding a savoir-faire that was linked to rationalist ideas of the Enlightenment, they laid out the foundations of an architectural academies culture. Our goal is to demonstrate that, in this process of professionalization of the architecture practice, geometrical drawings were instrumental to the construction of a new "modern paradigm for this discipline in Chile: its alliance with the centralized Nation
Chrobák, Tomáš. "Pour la patrie, pour les slaves : les slavisants français et leur rôle dans la vie publique (1863-1920)." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010664.
Full textNuñez, Ureña Maritza Valeria. "La Question de l'identité Dominicaine chez deux intellectuels Manuel Arturo peña Battle et Joaquin Balaguer : thuriferaires de Trujillo (1930-1961)." Antilles-Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0298.
Full textFrom the XIX century onwards, a large sector of the Dominican intelligentsia has developed a pro-hispanie discourse with regard to the ethnie-racial formation of the Dominican people that has established a dichotomy between the black African elements and national identity. This discourse was strengthened during Rafael Leonidas Trujillo dictatorship. The two most important intellectuals of this period were: Manuel Arturo Pefia Batlle and Joaquin Balaguer. Although if they came from different political and philosophical spheres, they were drawn together by their strong convictions on the alleged threat embodied by Haitian immigrants and the urgency of developing national projects that would vindicate the roi of the Spanish roots in the formation of the national identity. This study focuses on the nationalist ideology making during Trujillo dictatorship and the part played bv Pefia Batlle and Joaquin Balaguer in its conception
Aravena, Bastias Gloria. "Les enjeux de la commémoration du centenaire de l'indépendance du Chili, 1910." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://dante.univ-tlse2.fr/id/eprint/9306.
Full textThe Centenary of Chile's Independence (1910) is a major national commemoration of the state. The event was celebrated by the political choice of the ruling elite, who expressed their pride, considering that they considered themselves the legitimate heirs of the founding fathers of the nation. We will analyze the symbolic content of the national holiday and try to understand it as a result of the process of building national identity, initiated by the state after 1810. At the same time, we will delve deeper into the characteristics of the social and political context of the period. Which are exposed as a mirror of their time through the commemoration of the Centennial. At the social level, recent sources and historiography confirm the existence of a class society marked by its contrasts since the end of the nineteenth century. The dominant political elite responsible for the organization made it an ostentatious official celebration, which the greater part of the population thought to be pompous, which on the other hand celebrated it rather in a popular and simple way. However, and despite these big differences, national sentiment is shared across the country. At the political level, this commemoration provokes a production of highly nationalistic and eloquent political speeches, which will affirm a rather idyllic, positive and patriotic vision of the country, which contrasts with another type of discourse, nationalists too, but deeply critical of the situation. That Chile lives. A controversy of legitimacy settles around the commemoration of the Centennial, against the Institution and its political class. So we think that the commemoration of the centenary is lived on the one hand as an opportunity to make-memory and affirmation of the national identity of the Republic, and on the other hand as an opportunity to recompose the social unity, then very fragmented, and perhaps as an opportunity to reflect on the crisis of legitimacy that the Chilean parliamentary regime is experiencing, but that does not seem to want to assume the political elite
Larguèche, Aladin. "Vers une histoire des intellectuels norvégiens : pratiques littéraires, nationalisme et sécularisation à Christiania (1811-1869)." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00877258.
Full textSvanidze, Tamara. "Les transferts culturels européens en Géorgie dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle à travers la presse de l’époque." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INAL0007.
Full textThis dissertation aims to show in what measure the Georgian press of the second half of the nineteenth century, which constitutes a precious historical resource for study of this time period, allows us to follow the evolution of cultural transfers from Georgia to Europe and to understand the political and social profile of the Georgian mediators of these transfers. It manifests an interest in the discourses that accompany the introduction of modern living and technological progress in the country, in the reactions inspired by the European perspective on Georgia, and also in the experience that the Georgians bring back home after their travels in Europe. In fact, these travels allow them to observe European political and social life and to establish contacts with intellectual milieus in order to contribute, when they return to their country, to the success of the political projects with which they would identify. My work centers on the mechanisms that have made possible the flow of foreign cultural transmission in the fields of literature and science: the institution of an intellectual field, the elaboration of a new terminology, the establishment of selection criteria for foreign texts, and the establishment of discursive strategies facilitating the diffusion of such texts. In elucidating these criteria, which lead to the selection of European texts and authors or to the choice of references to Europe, I will analyze in what measure the transfers reflect a historical context characterized by the formation of a national consciousness and competing ideologies that, from the beginning years of the twentieth century, would lead Georgia from revolution to independence
Jordan-Gonzalez, Laura Francisca. "Enjeux de la cueca chilienne : vocalité et représentations sociales." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26902.
Full textThis thesis studies the singing of Chilean cueca by examining the relationship between voice and social representations through a mixed methodology that combines bibliographical research, participant observation, interviews and music analysis. It starts out by teasing apart the type of cueca dubbed urbana, brava or chilenera, whose singular vocal sound is linked to the singers’ belonging to “popular” sectors of society. Next, by returning to the earliest roots of the cueca in Chile, Chapter 2, analyses several depictions of voice in zamacueca found in travelogues during the nineteenth century. Through an analysis of the context in which such depictions were produced, it shows how the propsed nasal sound of zamacueca is articulated as creating otherness. Chapter 3, explores the impact that one specific theory on the origins of Chilean cueca has had on the way in which voice in this genre is conceived. Nasality reemerges here, this time endowed with the imagination of the Arab-Andalusian. With regard to the representation of the popular subject, Chapter 4, exposes two of the main figures in Chilean culture—the huaso and the roto—each one respectively representing the rural and the urban subject intertwined with nationalist discourses. In the context of debates on authenticity, representations of “popular speaking” surface across different styles of cueca, producing vocalities affected by the imagination of social class. The final chapter focuses on the experiences of young singers active in the current revival scene. Their collective dynamics increase the impact of competition on vocal practices. Specifically, singing a la rueda, or taking turns singing in a circle, demonstrates how having a “good pito”—an adequate cueca voice—requires adapting one’s own voice to the needs of the group. The conclusion confirms that the relationship between voice and style is a crucial for understanding, not only a variety of cueca renditions, but also their transformations over time, through processes of stylization. Moreover, the diverse labels accompanying the term cueca are indicative of ethnic, gender and class based characteristics espoused by the singers, which inflence their different voices.
Puigmal, Patrick. "L'influence militaire française pendant l'indépendance du cône sud de l'Amérique latine (Chili, Argentine, Pérou)." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU1001.
Full textBilot, Pauline. "L'état aux champs : l'administration de justice rurale au Chili (1824-1875)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H007/document.
Full textIn Chile, during the nineteenth century, inspectors and sub-delegates were civil servants who served justice to the lowest strata – namely in the districts and the sub-delegations that formed the Republic. They were appointed by the governor of the province and were men who could read and write, enjoyed a certain economic independence and had decent social status. Most of them had no legal training nor knowledge: they were lego judges, as opposed to university lawyers, the letrados. They were conducting minor trials orally and, in the case of sub-delegates, light indictable cases; that is to say the most common and numerous ones. In addition, they held wide administrative and police entitlements which combined roles making them responsible for public order within their constituencies. All this, without any remuneration or gratuity from the State: such positions were in fact honorary charges, performed for free. [...] In view of these developments, the administrative feature of the county judge was appearing to “go against the grain”, which got noticed by the enlightened jurists of the time. Therefore, this thesis questions the permanence of these civil servants throughout the studied period, i.e. between the Justice Administrative Rules of 1824 and the Judiciary and Judicial Appointment Law of 1875. It also seeks to understand the meaning and credence of this function, to report on its activity and the conditions under which it was exercised, to imagine its effectiveness and its acceptance within the community – all of which being potentially able to contribute to its longevity. Two fields of study were favored in view of their representative value of the Chilean countryside: the Curicó province, a valley marked by commercial agriculture and traditional export, and the Copiapó province a mining desert well included in capitalist economy. [...] The studied “maladministration-of-justice” cases show that, before punishing and penalizing, the letrado judge attempted to advise and to guide his lego judges. Custodians of a valuable "know-how", these "ignorant" of the Law proved to be absolutely necessary for the maintenance of law and order. They acted – in more or less regulatory procedural terms – upon the daily life conflicts and disputes of their community as revealed through the sources (some of them being previously unpublished). Moreover, reports of judicial visits, court cases and administrative correspondence allow us to see county judges with a "human face". In short, they provide a way to understand how the state formation took place, in the countryside and from the latter’s own point of view
En Chile, en el siglo XIX, los inspectores y los subdelegados eran los funcionarios que administraban justicia a escala territorial local, es decir,respectivamente en los distritos y en las subdelegaciones que componían la República. Eran nombrados por el gobernador del Departamento entre los hombres que sabían leer y escribir, que eran dotados de cierta independencia económica, y que gozaban de buena reputación social. La gran mayoría de ellos no poseía una formación en derecho y tampoco conocimientos jurídicos:eran jueces “legos”, en oposición a los abogados de las universidades, los“letrados”. Inspectores y subdelegados conocían, solamente de forma verbal,juicios de mínima y menor cuantía. En el caso de los subdelegados, estos también conocían delitos leves; es decir, los juicios más comunes y numerosos.Por otra parte, inspectores y subdelegados asumían prerrogativas administrativas y policiales amplias, manejando un cúmulo único de funciones,que los hacía responsables del orden público en su circunscripción. Todo esto,sin ninguna remuneración ni gratificación de parte del Estado: se trataba en realidad de cargos concejiles, asumidos gratuitamente.Considerando estas evoluciones, la figura administrativa del juez rural parece estar a “contracorriente”, lo que fue muy bien percibido por los juristas ilustrados de la época. [...] Partiendo de esta observación, esta tesis cuestiona la permanencia de estos funcionarios durante todo el período estudiado entre el Reglamento de Administración de Justicia de 1824 y la Ley de Organización y de Atribuciones de los Tribunales de 1875. El trabajo busca comprender el sentido y el peso de esta función, así como rendir cuenta de su actividad y delas condiciones en las cuales se ejercía, e imaginar su eficacia y su aceptación en el seno de la comunidad. Todo lo anterior pudo contribuir a su permanencia.Dos terrenos de investigación fueron privilegiados por su valor representativo de los diferentes espacios rurales chilenos: el departamento de Curicó, valle de agricultura comercial y de exportación tradicional, y el departamento de Copiapó, desierto minero inserto en la economía capitalista. [...]Algunas de las que se estudiaron para este trabajo son inéditas, en particular, los informes de visitas judiciales, los expedientes judiciales, y las correspondencias administrativas, que permiten dar a los jueces rurales un“rostro humano”. En síntesis, ayudan a comprender cómo se realizó la construcción del Estado en el espacio rural, y desde el punto de vista de este último
Andreeva, Lioudmila. "La réception en Russie d'Ernest Hello et de sa descendance spirituelle (Bloy et Huysmans)." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040281.
Full textMy thesis reconstructs the history of the discovery of the french catholic writers' spiritual world at the end of the XIXth century (Hello, Bloy, Huysmans), discovery made by the philosophical russian setting of the XXth century (Berdaiev and other russian intellectual writers in this period). It analyses in detail the contents of the influence of these french writers on the russian intellectuals, on Berdaiev in particular. My work includes three chapters that, under different perspectives (historical and semiotic approaches), supply an enlightenment dismantling Hello's influence as well as his spiritual descent, up to this day considered "secret", on the development of Berdaiev's thinking
Barraud, Cécile. "La Revue Blanche (1891-1903) : la critique littéraire et la littérature en question." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070011.
Full textThe appearance of the Revue Blanche in the intellectuel field was a phenomenon characteristic of the end of the century: the proliferation of the so-called petites revues. The Revue Blanche, a new concept of experimentation and creation, without being tied to any dogma or school of thought, can, however, be distinguished from the other petites revues because of its singular development. Having started as a simple literary review, it would become a model for great intellectuel journals. The text analysis and literary criticism published in these pages between 1891 and 1903 demonstrate patently the manner in which literature, not only as the basis and primary objective of the review, but also as an intégral part of it until its last edition, would transform and cause profound changes in the review. Literature and literary criticism appear to be inseparable and are an example of ail other critical work published in the Revue Blanche. To choose literature as the object of study, the manner in which literature influences and imposes the same transformations experienced, perceived and reflected by it, means following the movements through which the Revue Blanche would make its remarkable progress towards the world. From the beginning, the review was based on the development of Ego, individualism and praise of the figure of Maurice Barrès ; but the review would later widen its focus to include debate and controversy, through criticism and imagination, until the appearance of the figure of the intellectuel just after the famous affaire Dreyfus. This figure, synthesis of politics and literature, manifested an ambivalence which was highly emblematic in the history of the Revue Blanche
Gazmuri, Cristián. "Santiago Arcos, un quarante-huitard chilien." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010603.
Full textSantiago Arcos, who was born in Chile but lived in France since he was 3 years old; returned to his homeland in 1948. He had the ideas and the spirit of "1948". In Chile, arcos organized the "sociedad de la igualdad", a political club of french pattern, that gathered the artisans of santiago. Under pressure ofthe conservative goverment arcos was forced to abandon Chile; but he left a political heritage conformed by a strongliberal ideology, and a modern political sociability pattern. This heritage; important for chilean history, has not been objectibly recognized. We intend to do so
Collombat, Michel. "Les bibliothèques des clercs séculiers du duché de savoie du XVIIIe siècle à 1860." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2079/document.
Full textThe aim of the following study is to tackle the notion of knowledge and culture among Savoie’s secular clergy, from the 18th century to 1860, when Savoie was annexed by France. The first part focuses on the circulation of clergymen’s books. It depicts the way books are used by scholars at the Collège Chappuisien of Annecy, then in seminaries and different universities, as well as for lectures or ecclesiastical retreats. Besides, books are bought, passed on to colleagues and laymen, as one can learn from the very few commonplace books left. One can read in wills how libraries, whose volumes have been inherited or purchased over the years, are , most of the time, subsequently transmitted to relatives that are men of the cloth too, or scattered to the benefit of bishops, vicars or different institutions, which tends to prove the existence of intellectual networks. Books can thus be said to connect the world of the dead to that of the living. The second part shows that they are also at the very heart of intellectual debates, which explains why their circulation was controlled by religious authorities. Books are thus central points of reflection over Protestantism, Jansenism, the Enlightenment, the 1792 revolutionary episode and eventually what is at stake in 19th century modernity. Savoie, as a catholic boarder, appears as some original basis in the maturing process of ideas as well as their circulation between the kingdom of Italy, France and Europe. The third part, based on a corpus of 18th century libraries mostly and 19th century legacies to Chambéry’s Grand Séminaire, offers a classification of readers, among whom various types of parish priests, canons and bishops. By confronting the different centers of interest related to theology and profane science, some clerical identities are taking shape, factors of cohesion and signs of intellectual curiosity appear, showing that to the believers, Savoie’s secular clergy both keeps and spreads a broader culture and that its members are in no way cut off from the evolutions of their time
Barón, Jaime. "Le sujet poétique chez Apollinaire et Huidobro : recherches autour du mythe du poète dans le contexte avant-gardiste." Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30047.
Full textSummary : Successive breaking-ups of the oxymoron-subject in Apollinaire from 1907-1908 onwards lead to a stable semiotic definition of the I-as-Poet. The crisis of poetry is taken charge of by this definition that may undergo allotopic returns (scissions) or be projected towards its spatial and calligrammatic opening up. In Huidobro's work, the tmesis-subject responds with a progressively euphemised strategy of disjunction in 1917-1918. In the structure of tmesis, we spot a passage announced by several symptoms (refraction, ostranenie, the theme of clocks) which reread the Apollinarian crisis by acknowledging the absence of a poetic present. Hence the need to deploy an implicit narration of the myth of the poet, dynamised by massive use of quotations from Apollinaire. Altazor redefines this narrative nourished by a post-biblical or “Altazorian” culture, a dialogue with the avant-gardes and oxymoric resurgences from Apollinaire. A parallel between Huidobro and Reverdy from 1915 to 1918 allows us to detect both the specificity of this Huidobrian myth and its continuity with the literary past, while a comparison with Dada and Surrealism (in the 20s) situates it on the background of questions of legitimacy diversely oriented on conflictive pragmatic axes. The representation of the subject as a dual sign reveals its several areas of oscillation (historical, aesthetic and cultural) and confirms in the poetic scripture of the war the wholistic and mediating goal of the oxymoric system, as opposed to the tmesis-subject obliged to re-balance the crisis from a figural and cultural point of view
Brambilla, Alberto. "Edmondo De Amicis et la France (1870-1883) : contacts et échanges entre littérature italienne et littérature française à la fin du XIXe siècle." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951573.
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