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Journal articles on the topic 'Intelligence quotients'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Alvares, Gail A., Keely Bebbington, Dominique Cleary, Kiah Evans, Emma J. Glasson, Murray T. Maybery, Sarah Pillar, et al. "The misnomer of ‘high functioning autism’: Intelligence is an imprecise predictor of functional abilities at diagnosis." Autism 24, no. 1 (June 19, 2019): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319852831.

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‘High functioning autism’ is a term often used for individuals with autism spectrum disorder without an intellectual disability. Over time, this term has become synonymous with expectations of greater functional skills and better long-term outcomes, despite contradictory clinical observations. This study investigated the relationship between adaptive behaviour, cognitive estimates (intelligence quotient) and age at diagnosis in autism spectrum disorder. Participants ( n = 2225, 1–18 years of age) were notified at diagnosis to a prospective register and grouped by presence ( n = 1041) or absence ( n = 1184) of intellectual disability. Functional abilities were reported using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales. Regression models suggested that intelligence quotient was a weak predictor of Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales after controlling for sex. Whereas the intellectual disability group’s adaptive behaviour estimates were close to reported intelligence quotients, Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales scores fell significantly below intelligence quotients for children without intellectual disability. The gap between intelligence quotient and Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales scores remained large with increasing age at diagnosis for all children. These data indicate that estimates from intelligence quotient alone are an imprecise proxy for functional abilities when diagnosing autism spectrum disorder, particularly for those without intellectual disability. We argue that ‘high functioning autism’ is an inaccurate clinical descriptor when based solely on intelligence quotient demarcations and this term should be abandoned in research and clinical practice.

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Khatri, JB, BK Goit, and A. Subedi. "Comparison of Intelligence Quotient of Schizophrenic Patients with those of Normal Population." Nepal Medical College Journal 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v21i4.27613.

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An intelligence deficit in schizophrenia is common and is associated with relapse and occupational impairment. The study aims to examine the intelligence quotient of schizophrenic patients and to compare with those of general population. This was a case control study where 30 adult schizophrenic patients between 15 to 45 years were enrolled from the inpatient and outpatient Psychiatry Department of Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. For control group, 30 normal subjects were enrolled from the general population matched with case group. The intelligence quotients were assessed by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. The prevalence of intelligence deficit was 76.7% in the schizophrenic patients. The mean intelligence quotient was 84.80 with standard deviation of 6.53 in patients with schizophrenia. The intelligence quotient was average or above average in all the general populations. The mean intelligence quotient was 110.63 with standard deviation of 8.74 in the general population. The study concluded that the schizophrenic patients performed poorer in intelligence quotient than the general population

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3

Cotton, Sue, Nicholas J. Voudouris, and Kenneth M. Greenwood. "Intelligence and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Full-Scale, Verbal, and Performance intelligence quotients." Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 43, no. 07 (July 12, 2001): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012162201000913.

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Cotton, Sue, Nicholas J. Voudouris, and Kenneth M. Greenwood. "Intelligence and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Full-Scale, Verbal, and Performance intelligence quotients." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 43, no. 7 (February 13, 2007): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00750.x.

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5

GUO, JIN FU, YEN KUANG YANG, NAN TSING CHIU, TZUNG LIEH YEH, PO SEE CHEN, I. HUI LEE, and CHING LIN CHU. "The correlation between striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and verbal intelligence quotient in healthy volunteers." Psychological Medicine 36, no. 4 (December 19, 2005): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291705006732.

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Background. Although a correlation between the central dopaminergic system and intelligence may exist, the results from imaging studies remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).Method. Striatal D2/D3 receptor availability of 64 healthy subjects was determined with the [123I]iodobenzamide ([123I]IBZM) ligand. Intelligence quotients (IQs) of the subjects were measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Revised (WAIS-R).Results. In addition to age, left striatal D2/D3 receptor availability correlated positively with VIQ. In females, left striatal D2/D3 receptor availability was the only variable that correlated significantly with the similarities subtest of VIQ.Conclusions. There is a relationship between left striatal D2/D3 receptor availability and verbal intelligence, which varies, predominantly in males.

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Gregory, Richard L. "Cortical Quotients." Perception 26, no. 7 (July 1997): 805–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p260805.

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7

verma, Shrutika. "The relationship between emotional intelligence and various psychological quotients." IOSR Journal of Business and Management 19, no. 01 (January 2017): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/487x-1901021418.

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8

Marcus, J., S. L. Hans, B. Byhouwer, and J. Norem. "Relationships Among Neurological Functioning, Intelligence Quotients, and Physical Anomalies." Schizophrenia Bulletin 11, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/11.1.101.

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9

Kumar, I. J., P. K. Saxena, and Pratibha Yadav. "Fuzzy normal subgroups and fuzzy quotients." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 46, no. 1 (February 1992): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0114(92)90273-7.

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10

Höhle, Ulrich. "Quotients with respect to similarity relations." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 27, no. 1 (July 1988): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0114(88)90080-2.

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11

Istiariani, Irma. "Ethic and the affecting factors: Insights from sharia accounting students." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Finance Research 2, no. 1 (May 23, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jiafr.2020.2.1.5037.

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<p class="IABSSS"><strong>Purpose</strong> - The purpose of this study was to explore many factors that affect the accounting students’ ethics such as intellectual, emotional and spiritual quotients.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Method </strong>- The data of this study were obtained from questionnaires. The sample consists of 90 Sharia Accounting students who studied at the FEBI UIN Walisongo. The sample was collected by purposive sampling method and it was analysed with SPSS. </p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Result</strong> - The result shows that there are three factors affecting the students’ ethics. They are intelligence, emotional and spiritual quotients. The emotional and spiritual quotients have the positive effect on students’ ethics. The intelligence quotients has a negative effect on the students’ ethics.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Implication</strong> - This study suggests to improve students’ emotional and spiritual quotients for better students’ ethics quality.</p><strong>Originality</strong> - This research is the first study that researched about the ethical students in Sharia Accounting students.

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12

Karnes, Frances A., and Victor R. D'Ilio. "Correlations of Scores on Verbal and Nonverbal Measures of Intelligence for Intellectually Gifted Students." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 1 (February 1987): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.1.101.

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For 80 intellectually gifted students, intelligent quotients and percentiles from the WISC—R, Stanford-Binet, Standard Progressive Matrices, and the Culture-Fair Intelligence Test were correlated. Pearson correlations were larger among the nonverbal measures of intelligence than between the nonverbal and verbal measures.

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Hawkins, Keith A., and Helen K. Sayward. "Examiner judgment and actual stability of psychiatric inpatient intelligence quotients." Clinical Neuropsychologist 8, no. 4 (December 1994): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854049408402042.

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14

Liu, Shiyong, Tao Yu, Yuguang Guan, Kai Zhang, Ping Ding, Lei Chen, Yongzhi Shan, et al. "Resective epilepsy surgery in tuberous sclerosis complex: a nationwide multicentre retrospective study from China." Brain 143, no. 2 (January 18, 2020): 570–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awz411.

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Abstract At least 50% of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex present with intractable epilepsy; for these patients, resective surgery is a treatment option. Here, we report a nationwide multicentre retrospective study and analyse the long-term seizure and neuropsychological outcomes of epilepsy surgery in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. There were 364 patients who underwent epilepsy surgery in the study. Patients’ clinical data, postoperative seizure outcomes at 1-, 4-, and 10-year follow-ups, preoperative and postoperative intelligence quotients, and quality of life at 1-year follow-up were collected. The patients’ ages at surgery were 10.35 ± 7.70 years (range: 0.5–47). The percentage of postoperative seizure freedom was 71% (258/364) at 1-year, 60% (118/196) at 4-year, and 51% (36/71) at 10-year follow-up. Influence factors of postoperative seizure freedom were the total removal of epileptogenic tubers and the presence of outstanding tuber on MRI at 1- and 4-year follow-ups. Furthermore, monthly seizure (versus daily seizure) was also a positive influence factor for postoperative seizure freedom at 1-year follow-up. The presence of an outstanding tuber on MRI was the only factor influencing seizure freedom at 10-year follow-up. Postoperative quality of life and intelligence quotient improvements were found in 43% (112/262) and 28% (67/242) of patients, respectively. Influence factors of postoperative quality of life and intelligence quotient improvement were postoperative seizure freedom and preoperative low intelligence quotient. The percentage of seizure freedom in the tuberectomy group was significantly lower compared to the tuberectomy plus and lobectomy groups at 1- and 4-year follow-ups. In conclusion, this study, the largest nationwide multi-centre study on resective epilepsy surgery, resulted in improved seizure outcomes and quality of life and intelligence quotient improvements in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. Seizure freedom was often achieved in patients with an outstanding tuber on MRI, total removal of epileptogenic tubers, and tuberectomy plus. Quality of life and intelligence quotient improvements were frequently observed in patients with postoperative seizure freedom and preoperative low intelligence quotient.

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15

Alade, Eunice B. "Determining intelligence quotients of Nigerian deaf children with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children‐Revised." Early Child Development and Care 80, no. 1 (January 1992): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0300443920800113.

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Piovesana, Adina M., Jessica L. Harrison, and Jacob J. Ducat. "The Development of a Motor-Free Short-Form of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition." Assessment 26, no. 8 (December 28, 2017): 1564–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191117748741.

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Purpose. This study aimed to develop a motor-free short-form of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition (WISC-V) that allows clinicians to estimate the Full Scale Intelligence Quotients of youths with motor impairments. Method. Using the reliabilities and intercorrelations of six WISC-V motor-free subtests, psychometric methodologies were applied to develop look-up tables for four Motor-free Short-form indices: Verbal Comprehension Short-form, Perceptual Reasoning Short-form, Working Memory Short-form, and a Motor-free Intelligence Quotient. Index-level discrepancy tables were developed using the same methods to allow clinicians to statistically compare visual, verbal, and working memory abilities. Results. The short-form indices had excellent reliabilities ( r = .92-.97) comparable to the original WISC-V. Conclusion. This motor-free short-form of the WISC-V is a reliable alternative for the assessment of intellectual functioning in youths with motor impairments. Clinicians are provided with user-friendly look-up tables, index level discrepancy tables, and base rates, displayed similar to those in the WISC-V manuals to enable interpretation of assessment results.

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Martin, John D., Garland E. Blair, and Judy R. Bledsoe. "Measures of Concurrent Validity and Alternate-Form Reliability of the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence." Psychological Reports 66, no. 2 (April 1990): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1990.66.2.503.

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The subjects, 60 undergraduate students, were administered the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (TONI) individually. The Shipley Institute of Living Scale was administered in small groups. A Pearson correlation of .56 was obtained for TONI Quotients, Forms A and B. TONI Quotients, Forms A and B, correlated with Shipley estimated WAIS—R IQ .50 and .46, respectively, and corrected to .71 and .64, with Shipley Total T scores, .52 and .44, respectively (corrected to .71 and .61), with Shipley Abstraction T scores, .51 and .42, respectively (corrected, .63 and .52), and with Shipley Vocabulary T scores .26 and .32, respectively (corrected to .63 and .52). TONI scores seem more closely related to Shipley Total and Abstraction scores than to Shipley Vocabulary.

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Colbert, Dylan, Mira Dobutowitsch, Bryan Roche, and Caroline Brophy. "The proxy-measurement of intelligence quotients using a relational skills abilities index." Learning and Individual Differences 57 (July 2017): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2017.03.010.

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Feng, Jing-Jing, Xiu Xu, Wei-Ping Wang, Shu-juan Guo, and Hong Yang. "Pattern visual evoked potential performance in preterm preschoolers with average intelligence quotients." Early Human Development 87, no. 1 (January 2011): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.10.003.

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Cassidy, Sarah, Bryan Roche, and Steven C. Hayes. "A Relational Frame Training Intervention to Raise Intelligence Quotients: A Pilot Study." Psychological Record 61, no. 2 (April 2011): 173–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03395755.

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V., Sharda, Subbalakshmi N. K., Narayana S., and Samal R. K. "PREVALENCE OF AUTISM AUTISTIC FEATURES AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN SUBJECTS ATTENDING SPECIAL SCHOOLS IN OUR COMMUNITY." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 02, no. 02 (June 2012): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703566.

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Abstract Introduction: There is no one single unified theory to explain the etiology of autism. Autistic symptoms occur along a wide spectrum. Thus we studied the autistic symptoms according to gender, mental retardation and presence of epilepsy. Methods: 500 children attending different special schools were screened for autism employing DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder. Data was analysed employing suitable statistical tests. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Display of autistic features was significantly different among the study subjects (p value less than 0.00001). But more than 90% of the subjects had distorted speech, repetitive speech and tantrum to minor changes symptoms. Autistic males were two times greater than autistic females (50 vs. 24). Proportion of autistic subjects with loneliness and poor interaction was significantly higher in 26-50 intelligence quotients group compared to 51-80 intelligence quotients (p value equal to 0.002, 0.03 respectively). 25.67% autistic subjects were epileptic. In them, prevalence of not identifying strangers, failing to make eye contact, not understanding humor symptoms were significantly higher compared to others (p value equal to 0.018, 0.044, 0.015, respectively). Epilepsy was associated with higher number of autism symptoms (p value equal to 0.023). Conclusions: Tantrum to minor changes, distorted and repetitive speech are the most common autistic features. Risk of autism is 2 times higher in males compared to females. Aloofness and poor interaction symptoms are higher in autistic subjects with lower intelligence quotients. Epilepsy is associated with higher number of autism symptoms.

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Dhankar, Charu. "Exploring the Role of Dermatoglyphics in Learning- A Case Study." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 2, no. 3 (July 25, 2015): 301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i3.12651.

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The nature nurture issue has been an important debate in all aspects of the individual development. According to Jensen’s heritability ratio, hereditary has an impeccable influence in the development process. Based on these, dermatoglyphics has been used in the present case study in order to observe the innate potential of an individual, to give parents an insight into their child’s hidden potential and to groom them effectively. The present case study is confined to the acquiring methods and unique quotients of the subject. The findings of the study revealed the unique quotients of the subject and the best suitable acquisition method for the subject. Aim/Purpose: To test the methods of learning and unique quotients of the subject with the help of Dermatoglyphics Multiple Intelligence Test DMIT. Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-2, issue-3: 301-303 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i3.12651

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D'Amato, Rik Carl, Susan E. Lidiak, and Kerry S. Lassiter. "Comparing Verbal and Nonverbal Intellectual Functioning with the Toni and Wisc—R." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 2 (April 1994): 701–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.2.701.

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Cognitive ability has long been conceptualized as having verbal and nonverbal components. In this study scores on the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence were correlated with those on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised for 74 subjects 6 to 15 years old which yielded Pearson values of 55 between the Verbal Scale standard scores and the nonverbal test and 58 with the Performance Scale standard scores and TONI intelligence quotients. Although the TONI has been presented as a nonverbal instrument, the correlations did not support such a view.

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van Trigt, C. "Illuminant-Dependence of Von Kries Type Quotients." International Journal of Computer Vision 61, no. 1 (January 2005): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:visi.0000042932.05887.4e.

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Malloy, Michael H., and Heinz Berendes. "Does breast-feeding influence intelligence quotients at 9 and 10 years of age?" Early Human Development 50, no. 2 (January 1998): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3732(97)00044-1.

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Daramola, O. O. M., OO Ayoola, and AO Ogunbiyi. "The comparison of intelligence quotients of atopic and nonatopic children in Ibadan, Nigeria." Indian Journal of Dermatology 55, no. 3 (2010): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.70665.

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Beasley, Martin G., Mary Lobasher, Sue Henley, and Isabel Smith. "ERRORS IN COMPUTATION OF WISC AND WISC-R INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENTS FROM RAW SCORES." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 29, no. 1 (January 1988): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00693.x.

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Quisenberry, William L. "Exploring How Emotional Intelligence Contributes to Virtual Teams: Interpretive Analysis of a Phenomenological Study." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 5 (February 28, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n5p19.

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The use of virtual teams continues to rise due to various factors such as increased pressure from competing forces, globalization, the need for improved efficiency, and technological advances. Despite the various benefits associated with high performing virtual teams, these specialized groups also experience extremely high failure rates. The increased failure can come as a result of various challenges including a lack of knowledge-sharing, limited communication, team members who lack self-managed and virtual teaming experience, and social loafing. While increased challenges are prevalent during virtual teaming arrangements, there seems to be evidence supporting that virtual team performance can be improved when team members have higher emotional quotients. This paper explores the potential benefits of emotionally intelligent virtual team members to understand how those with higher emotional quotients can potentially improve project success. The research involved analyzing a phenomenological study that interviewed 31 self-managed virtual team members via electronic questionnaires and surveys. This study follows up the original empirical research with an interpretative analytical review of the phenomenological findings pertaining to emotional intelligence and virtual teams. A thorough discussion regarding the findings and recommendations are provided.

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Dulal, Sophiya, Frédérique Liégeois, David Osrin, Adam Kuczynski, Dharma S. Manandhar, Bhim P. Shrestha, Aman Sen, Naomi Saville, Delan Devakumar, and Audrey Prost. "Does antenatal micronutrient supplementation improve children’s cognitive function? Evidence from the follow-up of a double-blind randomised controlled trial in Nepal." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 1 (February 2018): e000527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000527.

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IntroductionMultiple Micronutrient (MMN) supplementation during pregnancy can decrease the proportion of infants born low birth weight and small for gestational age. Supplementation could also enhance children’s cognitive function by improving access to key nutrients during fetal brain development and increasing birth weight, especially in areas where undernutrition is common. We tested the hypothesis that children whose mothers received MMN supplementation during pregnancy would have higher intelligence in early adolescence compared with those receiving Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) only.MethodsWe followed up children in Nepal, whose mothers took part in a double-blind Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) that compared the effects on birth weight and gestational duration of antenatal MMN versus IFA supplementation. We assessed children’s Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) using the Universal Non-verbal Intelligence Test (UNIT), and their executive function using the counting Stroop test. The parent trial was registered as ISRCTN88625934.ResultsWe identified 813 (76%) of the 1069 children whose mothers took part in the parent trial. We found no differences in FSIQ at 12 years between MMN and IFA groups (absolute difference in means (diff): 1.25, 95% CI −0.57 to 3.06). Similarly, there were no differences in mean UNIT memory (diff: 1.41, 95% CI −0.48 to 3.30), reasoning (diff: 1.17, 95% CI −0.72 to 3.06), symbolic (diff: 0.97, 95% CI −0.67 to 2.60) or non-symbolic quotients (diff: 1.39, 95% CI −0.60 to 3.38).ConclusionOur follow-up of a double-blind RCT in Nepal found no evidence of benefit from antenatal MMN compared with IFA for children’s overall intelligence and executive function at 12 years.

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Solomon, Gary S., Roger L. Greene, Stephen P. Farr, and Mark P. Kelly. "Relationships among wechsler intelligence and memory scale quotients in adult closed head injured patients." Journal of Clinical Psychology 42, no. 2 (March 1986): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198603)42:2<318::aid-jclp2270420217>3.0.co;2-3.

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Razsolov, N. A., T. A. Krapivnitskaya, and B. G. Khashba. "Intelligence quotients of pilots in civil aviation with atherosclerotic changes in the brain vessels." Human Physiology 38, no. 7 (December 2012): 751–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0362119712070213.

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Amraei, K., S. Amirsalari, and M. Ajalloueyan. "Comparison of intelligence quotients of first- and second-generation deaf children with cochlear implants." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 92 (January 2017): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.10.005.

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Ehrenreich, Jovine, Michael Bette, Ansgar Schmidt, Marion Roeßler, Udo Bakowsky, Urban W. Geisthoff, Boris A. Stuck, and Robert Mandic. "Evaluation of digital image analysis as a supportive tool for the stratification of head and neck vascular anomalies." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 277, no. 10 (June 2, 2020): 2893–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-06097-2.

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Abstract Background The histological differentiation of individual types of vascular anomalies (VA), such as lymphatic malformations (LM), hemangioma (Hem), paraganglioma (PG), venous malformations (VeM), arteriovenous malformations (AVM), pyogenic granulomas (GP), and (not otherwise classified) vascular malformations (VM n.o.c.) is frequently difficult due to the heterogeneity of these anomalies. The aim of the study was to evaluate digital image analysis as a method for VA stratification Methods A total of 40 VA tissues were examined immunohistologically using a selection of five vascular endothelial-associated markers (CD31, CD34, CLDN5, PDPN, VIM). The staining results were documented microscopically followed by digital image analyses based quantification of the candidate-marker-proteins using the open source program ImageJ/Fiji. Results Differences in the expression patterns of the candidate proteins could be detected particularly when deploying the quotient of the quantified immunohistochemical signal values. Deploying signal marker quotients, LM could be fully distinguished from all other tested tissue types. GP achieved stratification from LM, Hem, VM, PG and AVM tissues, whereas Hem, PG, VM and AVM exhibited significantly different signal marker quotients compared with LM and GP tissues. Conclusion Although stratification of different VA from each other was only achieved in part with the markers used, the results of this study strongly support the usefulness of digital image analysis for the stratification of VA. Against the background of upcoming new diagnostic techniques involving artificial intelligence and deep (machine) learning, our data serve as a paradigm of how digital evaluation methods can be deployed to support diagnostic decision making in the field of VAs.

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van der Meulen, Jacques, Joris van der Vlugt, Jolanda Okkerse, and Bert Hofman. "Early beaten-copper pattern: its long-term effect on intelligence quotients in 95 children with craniosynostosis." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 1, no. 1 (January 2008): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/ped-08/01/025.

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Object The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of beaten-copper patterns (BCPs) in children with craniosynostosis before 18 months of age and its association with their IQ at a later age. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 538 cephalograms (obtained at a mean patient age of 1.16 years) from 95 patients. The BCP location and percentage of brain surface area covered were related to patient IQ scores obtained by the same psychologist using the Snijders–Oomen Nonverbal Intelligence Test–Revised, 51/2–17, and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence–Revised. Results As much as 71.6% of patients presented with a BCP before 18 months of age (mean surface area of BCP 20.3%, 93% of patients presented with bilateral BCPs). The mean IQ was 95 ± 21.3 (range 50–136) at a mean patient age of 8.4 ± 2.59 years. There was a significant increase in the surface area covered by BCPs in the first 3 years of life (p < 0.001) and a significant difference in IQs between syndromic (30 cases, mean IQ 88.9) and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis cases (54 cases, mean IQ 98.9, p = 0.03). No significant correlation was found between IQ and the appearance of BCPs on presurgery radiographs (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.143, p = 0.19) or their location (Spearman rank correlation coefficient = 0.091, p = 0.45). The BCPs appeared predominantly in the occipital region (41.1%). Conclusions Although the radiographic appearance of a BCP before the age of 18 months is an uncommon finding in healthy children, a craniosynostosis study group showed a preoperative BCP incidence of 71.6% and an increased incidence during the period of rapid brain expansion in the first 3 years of life. Note, however, that the presence of such a pattern had no significant long-term effect on patient intelligence levels.

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Foley, H. "The relationship of SPECT and MRI to neuropsychological outcome, intelligence quotients, in traumatic brain injury." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 13, no. 1 (February 1998): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0887-6177(98)90616-3.

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Lohner, Szimonetta, Judit Vágási, Tamás Marosvölgyi, Tamás Tényi, and Tamás Decsi. "Inverse association between 18-carbon trans fatty acids and intelligence quotients in smoking schizophrenia patients." Psychiatry Research 215, no. 1 (January 2014): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.10.011.

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Foley, H. A., S. Kesler, and E. D. Bigler. "The relationship of SPECT and MRI to neuropsychological outcome, intelligence quotients, in traumatic brain injury." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 13, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/13.1.132.

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Van Patten, Ryan, Lea Vella, Zanjbeel Mahmood, Jillian M. R. Clark, Jacqueline E. Maye, and Elizabeth W. Twamley. "Accuracy of case managers in estimating intelligence quotients and functional status of people experiencing homelessness." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 90, no. 5 (2020): 586–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ort0000463.

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Girault, Jessica B., Benjamin W. Langworthy, Barbara D. Goldman, Rebecca L. Stephens, Emil Cornea, J. Steven Reznick, Jason Fine, and John H. Gilmore. "The predictive value of developmental assessments at 1 and 2 for intelligence quotients at 6." Intelligence 68 (May 2018): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2018.03.003.

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Dalby, J. Thomas, and Richard Williams. "Preserved reading and spelling ability in psychotic disorders." Psychological Medicine 16, no. 1 (February 1986): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700002609.

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SynopsisStandard scores on tests of intelligence, memory and academic achievement were obtained from individuals with either schizophrenic spectrum disorders, mania, alcohol abuse, antisocial personality disorders or no mental disorder. The three cognitive measures were highly and positively correlated in three groups (normal controls, alcohol abusers and antisocial personality disorders), while in the schizophrenic spectrum and manic groups a pattern of average reading and spelling achievement was contrasted with lower intelligence and memory quotients. It was suggested that reading and spelling ability are more accurate predictors of premorbid ability in psychotic disorders than other psychometric scales. This parallels previous findings with organic dementias and raises questions about possible shared aetiological bases between dementias and psychoses.

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Choudhary, R. "Building for the future: influence of housing on intelligence quotients of children in an urban slum." Health Policy and Planning 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/17.4.420.

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42

Hee Suh, Guk, Ihn-Geun Choi, Dong-Woo Lee, Seong-Jin Cho, Jong-Huk Choi, Jung-Seo Yi, Yang-Whan Jeon, and Baek Suk Kee. "P2-213: Intelligence Quotients cognitive schedule (IQcog) : New approach for better detection of early cognitive decline." Alzheimer's & Dementia 2 (July 2006): S298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2006.05.1052.

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43

Nurhidayati, Titin. "INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN PAI BERBASIS MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES." Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam (Journal of Islamic Education Studies) 3, no. 1 (February 7, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/jpai.2015.3.1.23-56.

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<p><strong>Bahasa Indonesia:</strong></p><p>Teori <em>Multiple</em> <em>Intelligence</em><em>s</em> (MI) muncul sebagai bentuk krtitik terhadap teori <em>Intellectual Quotient </em>(IQ) yang membatasi kecerdasan hanya pada kecerdasan Logis-Matematis dan Linguistik saja. Sementara dalam teori MI terdapat Sembilan kecerdasan manusia yakni: (1) Kecerdasan <em>Liguistic, </em>(2) Kecerdasan <em>Logis-Matematic, </em>(3) Kecerdasan <em>Visual-Spasial, </em>(4) Kecerdasan <em>Kinestetik, </em>(5) Kecerdasan Musik, (6) Kecerdasan <em>Int</em><em>e</em><em>r</em><em>personal, </em>(7) Kecerdasan <em>Intrapersonal, </em>(8) Kecerdasan <em>Naturalis, </em>(9) Kecerdasan <em>Eksistensialis. </em>Teori ini menyadari betul bahwa setiap anak yang lahir ke dunia memiliki keunikan tersendiri yang berhak mendapatkan pengakuan dan diapresiasi dalam kehidupan utamannya dalam pendidikan. Sebab pendidikan merupakan wadah bagi siswa untuk membentuk dan mengembangkan potensi untuk dapat menjalankan tugasnya sebagai khalifah di bumi dan membawa rahmat bagi seluruh alam ini. Pembelajaran berbasis MI merupakan suatu bentuk inovasi pembelajaran yang dapat menjadi pilihan bagi guru Pendidikan Agama Islam di Indonesia. Mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berbasis MI<em> </em>berarti menggunakan pendekatan interdisipliner dalam mengembangkan materi pembelajaran, menggunakan multimodel pembelajaran, dan penilaian autentik dalam evaluasi pembelajaran. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mewadahi keberagaman kecerdasan yang dimiliki oleh siswa.</p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>English:</strong></p><p>Multiple Intelligences (MI) emerged as a critical response to Intelligence Quotients (IQ) which limits the definition of intelligence in logical-mathematical and linguistic areas. The MI theory defines nine intelligence of human being such as (1) the linguistic, (2) the logical-mathematical, (3) the visual-spatial, (4) the kinesthetic, (5) the musical, (6) the interpersonal, (7) the intra-personal, (8) the natural, and (9) the existential. This theory recognizes the fact that every child has his/her own uniqueness and deserves appreciation in his/her education. This is important for the reason that education is a mode of developing students’ potentials in purpose of implementing their caliphate roles and bringing God’s mercy in the world. MI-based learning is an alternative in teaching Islamic education as a school subject in Indonesia. Implementing MI-based learning means implementing interdisciplinary approach in developing learning materials, making use multi-model of learning activities, and authentically assessed the learning itself. This purposes to accommodate the diversity of students’ intelligences.</p>

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Nurhidayati, Titin. "INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN PAI BERBASIS MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES." Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam (Journal of Islamic Education Studies) 3, no. 1 (February 7, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/pai.2015.3.1.23-56.

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<p><strong>Bahasa Indonesia:</strong></p><p>Teori <em>Multiple</em> <em>Intelligence</em><em>s</em> (MI) muncul sebagai bentuk krtitik terhadap teori <em>Intellectual Quotient </em>(IQ) yang membatasi kecerdasan hanya pada kecerdasan Logis-Matematis dan Linguistik saja. Sementara dalam teori MI terdapat Sembilan kecerdasan manusia yakni: (1) Kecerdasan <em>Liguistic, </em>(2) Kecerdasan <em>Logis-Matematic, </em>(3) Kecerdasan <em>Visual-Spasial, </em>(4) Kecerdasan <em>Kinestetik, </em>(5) Kecerdasan Musik, (6) Kecerdasan <em>Int</em><em>e</em><em>r</em><em>personal, </em>(7) Kecerdasan <em>Intrapersonal, </em>(8) Kecerdasan <em>Naturalis, </em>(9) Kecerdasan <em>Eksistensialis. </em>Teori ini menyadari betul bahwa setiap anak yang lahir ke dunia memiliki keunikan tersendiri yang berhak mendapatkan pengakuan dan diapresiasi dalam kehidupan utamannya dalam pendidikan. Sebab pendidikan merupakan wadah bagi siswa untuk membentuk dan mengembangkan potensi untuk dapat menjalankan tugasnya sebagai khalifah di bumi dan membawa rahmat bagi seluruh alam ini. Pembelajaran berbasis MI merupakan suatu bentuk inovasi pembelajaran yang dapat menjadi pilihan bagi guru Pendidikan Agama Islam di Indonesia. Mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berbasis MI<em> </em>berarti menggunakan pendekatan interdisipliner dalam mengembangkan materi pembelajaran, menggunakan multimodel pembelajaran, dan penilaian autentik dalam evaluasi pembelajaran. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mewadahi keberagaman kecerdasan yang dimiliki oleh siswa.</p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>English:</strong></p><p>Multiple Intelligences (MI) emerged as a critical response to Intelligence Quotients (IQ) which limits the definition of intelligence in logical-mathematical and linguistic areas. The MI theory defines nine intelligence of human being such as (1) the linguistic, (2) the logical-mathematical, (3) the visual-spatial, (4) the kinesthetic, (5) the musical, (6) the interpersonal, (7) the intra-personal, (8) the natural, and (9) the existential. This theory recognizes the fact that every child has his/her own uniqueness and deserves appreciation in his/her education. This is important for the reason that education is a mode of developing students’ potentials in purpose of implementing their caliphate roles and bringing God’s mercy in the world. MI-based learning is an alternative in teaching Islamic education as a school subject in Indonesia. Implementing MI-based learning means implementing interdisciplinary approach in developing learning materials, making use multi-model of learning activities, and authentically assessed the learning itself. This purposes to accommodate the diversity of students’ intelligences.</p>

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Johnson, Lawrence J., and Beverly Smith Lewman. "Parent Perceptions of the Talents of Young Gifted Boys and Girls." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 13, no. 2 (January 1990): 176–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235329001300206.

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This study examined parents' perceptions of their young gifted children's (3- and 4- year-olds) characteristics to determine if there were any differences in parental perceptions of child abilities based on the gender of their child. Information for the study was collected by analyzing questionnaires completed by parents at the time they sought admission for their children to a private school for the gifted. Although there were no differences in the intelligence quotients of boys and girls, there were significant differences in the perceptions of parents of boys and girls with regard to their: (a) use of leisure time, (b) early indications of intellectual ability, and (c) favorite books.

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Dryburgh, Elizabeth, Stephen McKenna, and Islem Rekik. "Predicting full-scale and verbal intelligence scores from functional Connectomic data in individuals with autism Spectrum disorder." Brain Imaging and Behavior 14, no. 5 (May 4, 2019): 1769–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11682-019-00111-w.

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Abstract Decoding how intelligence is engrained in the human brain construct is vital in the understanding of particular neurological disorders. While the majority of existing studies focus on characterizing intelligence in neurotypical (NT) brains, investigating how neural correlates of intelligence scores are altered by atypical neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), is almost absent. To help fill this gap, we use a connectome-based predictive model (CPM) to predict intelligence scores from functional connectome data, derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). The utilized model learns how to select the most significant positive and negative brain connections, independently, to predict the target intelligence scores in NT and ASD populations, respectively. In the first step, using leave-one-out cross-validation we train a linear regressor robust to outliers to identify functional brain connections that best predict the target intelligence score (p − value < 0.01). Next, for each training subject, positive (respectively negative) connections are summed to produce single-subject positive (respectively negative) summary values. These are then paired with the target training scores to train two linear regressors: (a) a positive model which maps each positive summary value to the subject score, and (b) a negative model which maps each negative summary value to the target score. In the testing stage, by selecting the same connections for the left-out testing subject, we compute their positive and negative summary values, which are then fed to the trained negative and positive models for predicting the target score. This framework was applied to NT and ASD populations independently to identify significant functional connections coding for full-scale and verbal intelligence quotients in the brain.

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Ke, Fengkai, Huanping Liu, Mingcheng Zhou, Rui Yang, and Hui-Min Cao. "Diagnostic Biomarker Exploration of Autistic Patients With Different Ages and Different Verbal Intelligence Quotients Based on Random Forest Model." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 123861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071118.

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48

Sunmonu, Taofiki A., Johann Sellner, Olubunmi A. Ogunrin, Frank A. Imarhiagbe, Morenikeji A. Komolafe, Olusegun T. Afolabi, Olayinka S. Ilesanmi, Fatai Olanrewaju, and Benedicta Y. Oladimeji. "Intellectual Impairment in Patients with Newly Diagnosed HIV Infection in Southwestern Nigeria." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/185891.

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Neurocognitive impairment is a detrimental complication of HIV infection. Here, we characterized the intellectual performance of patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection in southwestern Nigeria. We conducted a prospective study at Owo Federal Medical Center by using the adapted Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). The raw scores were converted to standardized scores (z-scores) and correlated with clinical and laboratory findings. Fifty-eight HIV positive patients were recruited; 72% were in WHO stages 3 and 4. We detected a high rate of intellectual impairment in HIV positive patients and controls (63.8% and 10%, resp.;P<0.001). HIV positive patients performed worse throughout the subtests of both verbal and performance intelligence quotients. Presence of opportunistic infections was associated with worse performance in the similarities and digit symbol tests and performance and full scale scores. Lower body weight correlated with poor performance in different WAIS subtests. The high rate of advanced disease stage warrants measures aimed at earlier diagnosis and treatment. Assessment of neurocognitive performance at diagnosis may offer the opportunity to improve functioning in daily life and counteract disease progression.

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Galletly, Susan A., Bruce Allen Knight, and John Dekkers. "When Tests ‘Frame’ Children: The Challenges of Providing Appropriate Education for Children With Special Needs." Australasian Journal of Special Education 34, no. 2 (November 1, 2010): 133–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajse.34.2.133.

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AbstractDecision-making regarding intensive instructional support for children with special needs should build from children's instructional needs, and not from diagnostic labelling and criteria for funding eligibility. Cognitive referencing, the use of results on intelligence and language quotients to decide children's academic options and funding eligibility, is established as inappropriate practice yet continues to be used by many education systems. This paper discusses systemic practices in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States, and then details four cases of children ‘framed’ by their tests, that is, experiencing unwarranted disadvantage due to how they were positioned by their tests and diagnoses. The final section makes recommendations for considerations needed in the improving of Australian education of children with special needs.

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Hinkeldey, Nancy S., and John D. Corrigan. "Comparison of Intelligence and Memory in Patients with Diffuse and Focal Injury." Psychological Reports 60, no. 3 (June 1987): 899–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.60.3.899.

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Solomon, Greene, Farr, and Kelly in 1986 speculated that large discrepancies between Intelligence and Memory quotients (IQ-MQ) reflecting poorer performance on memory casks may be due to focal brain damage, while smaller differences may result from diffuse damage. The present study investigated this hypothesis in a rehabilitation population with sufferers of unilateral cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) representing focal damage and those with closed-head injury (CHI) representing diffuse damage. The IQ-MQ discrepancy was examined in two samples, one administered the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the other the WAIS—R. Analysis of covariance indicated that IQ-MQ was significantly different for the two groups administered the WAIS—R but not the WAIS. However, the direction of the difference in discrepancy score was opposite that posited by Solomon, et al., i.e., relatively poorer memory was observed in patients with diffuse damage. Results are discussed in relation to demographic differences between the two kinds of patients and the inability to remove effects of group differences by using analysis of covariance as well as neuropathological factors that confound focal and diffuse injury in subjects showing closed-head injury and cerebrovascular injury. Finally, the effect on IQ-MQ discrepancy scores based on the WAIS—R is discussed in light of previously held “rules of thumb” about clinically significant differences.

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