Academic literature on the topic 'Intensity of manifestation of defects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Intensity of manifestation of defects"
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Куликов, А. Г., Ю. В. Писаревский, А. Е. Благов та ін. "Перестройка дефектной структуры тетрабората лития (Li-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=-) во внешнем электрическом поле". Физика твердого тела 61, № 4 (2019): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2019.04.47411.250.
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The process of the defect structure rearrangement in a lithium tetraborate single crystal under the influence of high voltage external electric field applied along the polar direction [001] is studied with use of X-ray diffractometry. The results are supplemented by measurements of the conductivity kinetics. Under conditions of electric field of 300-500 V/mm strength, a sharp broadening of the 004 reflection diffraction peak and its integral intensity increasing by several times are observed, however its position and shape practically do not change. Under the influence of DC field with a strength in range of 500 to 1500 V/mm, the broadening process slows down, but the rocking curve asymmetry appears as well as its sharp shift to the smaller angles associated with an increase in the lattice parameter along the c-axis. This process is quasi-reversible, since the distorted structure is partially restored at a very slow rate (for several months). Two types of the diffraction peak parameters variation dependencies on the external field are interpreted as the manifestation of two ionic conductivity mechanisms: mobile lithium ions (Li+) at low-intensity electric field and oxygen vacancies (VO2+) at stronger fields. The process of charge carriers’ migration causes the increase of defects concentration and structure changes in the near-surface region of the crystal.
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Otsuka, Yuki, Tetsuya Yumoto, Hiromi Ihoriya, et al. "Acute Agitation as an Initial Manifestation of Neuro-Behçet’s Disease." Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2018 (November 29, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5437027.
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Managing acutely agitated or violent patients in the emergency department (ED) represents a significant challenge. Acute agitation as an initial manifestation of neuro-Behcet’s disease (NBD) is an extremely rare clinical entity. A 44-year-old male, who had been complaining about a severe headache and fever for several days, was admitted to our ED due to acutely presented incontinence and agitation. On admission, physical restraint and sedation with sevoflurane and propofol were required for his combative and violent behavior. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed increased cell count. Fluid attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging showed a high intensity signal in the left parietal lobe and bilateral occipital lobe. As infectious meningoencephalitis was suspected, empirical therapy was immediately started. He recovered uneventfully without neurological defect in seven days. Based on positive human leukocyte antigen B-51 and clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of NBD was made and remitted by steroid therapy. Although acute NBD commonly presents with focal neurological symptoms, psychiatric symptoms could be considered the first manifestation. A focused and thorough examination coupled with appropriate management strategies can assist emergency clinicians safely and effectively manage these patients.
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Bludov, M. A., I. V. Khyzhniy, E. V. Savchenko, V. I. Sugakov, and S. A. Uyutnov. "Self-oscillations in solid methane irradiated by electrons." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 21, no. 4 (2020): 312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2020.04.312.
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The formation of self-oscillations of temperature and concentration of radicals in an electron-irradiated methane film at low temperatures has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Self-oscillations arise due to the activation nature of diffusion and radical recombination processes. Self-oscillations were studied experimentally by measuring the desorption of particles from an irradiated sample and theoretically by solving the kinetic equations for defects in a methane sample. Concentration self-oscillations of two types of particles have been found and investigated; namely, hydrogen atoms and CH3 radicals formed during the irradiation of methane by electrons. It is shown that with an increase in the irradiation intensity, the oscillation periods decrease, and the calculation value are of the order of magnitude observed in the experiment. A model of a manifestation of the self-oscillation of hydrogen molecule concentration during desorption is presented.
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Mokina, E., E. Naumenko, D. Kumanyaeva, M. Rakhmatullina, and E. Surgaeva. "Antenatal period and clinical picture analysis of the newborns with interatrial communications." Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, no. 3 (2019): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/40/06.
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The birth of children with congenital heart disease is a serious problem due to the risk of infant mortality. Clinically, the interatrial septum defect belongs to the low manifest defects. The severity of its symptoms depends on the size and location of the defect, as well as, to a greater extent, on the duration of the defect and the development of secondary complications. This situation dictates the need for early diagnosis of this congenital heart disease, dynamic observation, timely treatment, which determines the relevance of this study. In this article, we tried to analyze in detail the characteristics of the course of the antenatal period and the clinical picture of newborns with atrial communication. Summing up our study, it should be noted that the clinical manifestations in interatrial communications in newborns are not specific. In most infants with interatrial communications, systolic noise of varying intensity can be heard, however, this noise is not associated with the presence of interatrial communications, but due to the presence of diagonally located chords in the left ventricle.
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Kornilov, T. A., and V. S. Supletsov. "Forecast Intensity of Manifestations of Defects and Damage to Steel Structures Operating under Extreme Conditions of the External and Internal Environment." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 463 (December 31, 2018): 032058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/463/3/032058.
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Sepulveda, Fernando E., Franck Debeurme, Gaël Ménasché, et al. "Distinct severity of HLH in both human and murine mutants with complete loss of cytotoxic effector PRF1, RAB27A, and STX11." Blood 121, no. 4 (2013): 595–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-07-440339.
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Abstract Inherited defects of granule-dependent cytotoxicity led to the life-threatening immune disorder hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), characterized by uncontrolled CD8 T-cell and macrophage activation. In a cohort of HLH patients with genetic abnormalities expected to result in the complete absence of perforin, Rab27a, or syntaxin-11, we found that disease severity as determined by age at HLH onset differed significantly, with a severity gradient from perforin (early onset) > Rab27a > syntaxin-11 (late onset). In parallel, we have generated a syntaxin-11–deficient (Stx11−/−) murine model that faithfully reproduced the manifestations of HLH after lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. Stx11−/− murine lymphocytes exhibited a degranulation defect that could be rescued by expression of human syntaxin-11 but not expression of a C-terminal–truncated mutant. Comparison of the characteristics of LCMV infection-induced HLH in the murine counterparts of the 3 human conditions revealed a similar gradient in the phenotypic severity of HLH manifestations. Strikingly, the severity of HLH was not correlated with the LCMV load and not fully with differences in the intensity of cytotoxic activity. The capacity of antigen presentation differed in vivo between Rab27a- and Syntaxin-11–deficient mutants. Our data indicate that cytotoxic effectors may have other immune-regulatory roles in addition to their role in controlling viral replication.
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Tanboga, Ilknur, Betul Kargul, Semra Ergeneli, M. Yalcin Aydin, and Metin Atasu. "Clinical features of incontinentia pigmenti with emphasis on dermatoglyphic findings." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 25, no. 2 (2002): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.25.2.u14797172m01w72v.
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Incontinentia pigmenti is a syndrome characterized by both systemic and oral manifestations. Presented here are the dental, clinical, radiological, genetic and dermatoglyphic findings of a 6 year old female case and her family members. The following features were apparent: oligodontia in maxillary and mandibular arches in both dentition, peg-shaped incisors and brown lessions on the body surface. No other problems were observed. The case had remarkable dermatoglyphic findings such as hypothenar loops associated with distally displaced axial triradii on both palms, reduced total finger and summed palmar a-b ridge-counts, decreasing plantar pattern intensity on the left sole. The other family members had similar dermatoglyphic characteristics. The paternal grand father, the father and the brother had eye defects.
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Bagnenko, E. S., E. R. Araviiskaia, A. I. Bogatenkov, and S. S. Bagnenko. "The correlation of clinical and psychological characteristics of women seeking cosmetic help." Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii 97, no. 5 (2021): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25208/vdv1246.
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Background. Patients seeking cosmetic help, most commonly, haven`t only defects in appearance, in particular, facial skin, but also experience certain psychological problems in this regard. On the other hand, the reaction to the performed cosmetic correction of the mentioned defects depends, including on the patients psychological characteristics. The study of the correlation between clinical and psychological characteristics should contribute to the individualization of the cosmetological correction process and optimization of the patient life quality.
 Aims. To establish the correlation between age, clinical and psychological characteristics of women with cosmetic problems of the facial skin.
 Materials and methods. Using the methods of psychological diagnostics, we examined 110 women who received cosmetic assistance. Semi-quantitative method was used to assess the cosmetic problem intensity, the duration of its existence and the effect of the correction performed. Clinical and psychological research was carried out using the author's structured interview, which questions were aimed at fixing both the formal social positions of the patients and the characteristics of the system of significant relationships. Psychometric research was carried out using standardized questionnaires in order to identify a wide range of personality characteristics. In the course of statistical processing of the results, a frequency analysis of the gradations of nominative and rank signs was carried out using Pearson's 2, as well as a correlation analysis of clinical and psychological characteristics using the Spearman -test.
 Results. The author traced the statistical correlation between the degree of manifestation of the cosmetic problem and its influence on the psychological state of patients, as well as between the degree of their satisfaction with its solution and a number of personal characteristics and attitudes.
 Conclusions. The assumption was confirmed that the effect of treatment is determined not only by clinical factors and the possibilities of modern cosmetology, but also by psychological factors, among which the motivational orientation and activity of the individual, which form the basis of patient compliance, are of decisive importance.
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Pietrucha, Barbara, Hanna Gregorek, Edyta Heropolitańska-Pliszka, and Ewa Bernatowska. "Primary Immunodeficiency with double strain break DNA (DSBs) and radiosensitvity: clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic implications." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 72 (May 17, 2018): 449–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0547.
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Primary Immunodeficiencies (PNO) are a group of about 300 genetic disorders which result from the absence or dysfunction of the major components of the immune system. Among them an important subgroup constitute deficiencies associated with defects in DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) recognition and repair. These are primarily radiation-sensitive severe combined immune deficiencies (SCIDs) and combined immune deficiencies (CIDs) associated with genetic defects in the DNA-repair genes, which encode proteins necessary for T-cell and B cell maturation/differentiation. Due to increased risk of developing malignant neoplasms, mainly from hematopoietic origin, and over-reaction to standard anticancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy, treatment of these patients is a real challenge for clinicians. Clinical and laboratory manifestations, which may indicate increased radiosensitivity include: microcephaly, telangiectasias, lymphopenia, and translocation of chromosomes 7 and 14 in karyotype. A basic test showing increased radiosensitivity of lymphoblastoid cells lines or skin fibroblasts is percentage evaluation of their survival after exposition to ionizing radiation. Treatment of patients with impaired DNA repair depends on the clinical picture, immunological findings and type of immunodeficiency. Patients with SCID require immediate hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using reduced intensity conditioning (RIC). In patients with CID, standard treatment regimens require modification and/or avoidance of radiotherapy and some radiomimetic agents.
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Shevchenko, S. "Dynamics of hematological parameters, macromorphological and radiological results of reparative osteogenesis in rabbits for the use of platelet concentrates and hydroxyapatite ceramics." Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini, no. 1(154) (May 21, 2020): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2020-154-1-153-164.
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The results of the dynamics of the morphological parameters of the blood of a rabbit with model defects of the opening of the spongy and compact bone tissue at diff erent periods of reparative osteogenesis are presented. Formed 4 groups of rabbits. Bone lesions in the fi rst experimental group were fi lled with injectable platelet-rich fi brin, in the second - platelet-rich fi brin, in the third - a combination of platelet-rich fi brin, and hydroxyapatite with β-tricalcium phosphate.In the control group, the defects remained healed under a blood clot. All animals were in the same conditions of feeding and keeping, had unlimited access to water. During the study, rabbits were clinically observed. Blood was taken for morphological examination before surgery and on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 42nd day. Animals were taken from the experiment on the 14th, 21st and 42nd days, an X-ray examination was carried out, bone tissue samples were taken. It was established that trauma of bone tissue leads to a number of reactions of the body aimed at restoring the damaged area. Against the background of the general picture of the obtained morphological results, the level of platelets signifi cantly changes compared to the physiological norm, while the number of red blood cells and white blood cells does not go beyond it. There is a slight increase in hemoglobin levels, especially in the experimental groups on the twenty-fi rst and forty-second day. Signifi cant changes in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and hemoglobin concentration in the experimental groups were noted compared with the control group at diff erent periods of reparative osteogenesis.The use of various types of platelet concentrates aff ects the overall reaction of the body. On radiographs of the radial bones (compact bone tissue) on the twenty-fi rst day in the second and third experimental groups, where fi brin enriched with platelets and its combination with hydroxyapatite materials with β-tricalcium phosphate were used to replace bone defects, the infl ammatory reaction was manifested to a lesser extent. There was no signifi cant formation of bone callus compared with the fi rst, in which model defects were fi lled with injectable platelet-rich fi brin and the control group. Each of the types of platelet concentrates and their combination with hydroxyapatite ceramics have a diff erent eff ect on the restoration of bone defects and is accompanied by the appearance of a number of reactions, both local and general. According to the degree of intensity of this process, they can be placed in the following sequence: i-PRF ˂ PRF ˂ PRF+GT. Macromorphologically and radiologically signifi cant diff erences were not detected for diff erent types of bone tissue due to the use of each of the substances that concentrates platelets. The combination of hydroxyapatite granules with β-tricalcium phosphate and platelet-rich fi brin proved to be the best option for repairing the damaged area. Its use provides a signifi cantly smaller manifestation of the local infl ammatory reaction and causes the formation of optimal bone marrow. Key words: PRF, i-PRF, granules, centrifuges, growth factors, bone marrow.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Intensity of manifestation of defects"
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Руденко, Александр Антонович. "Вероятностные модели и методы оценивания надежности программных средств с учетом вторичных дефектов". Thesis, Полтавский национальный технический университет им. Ю. Кондратюка, 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/19065.
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Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 05.13.06 – информационные технологии – Национальный технический университет "Харьковский политехнический институт", Харьков, 2015.
Диссертация посвящена разработке моделей, методов оценки надежности программно-технических комплексов, информационной технологии на основе
учета внесения вторичных дефектов. Как показывает проведенный анализ, необходимость обеспечения точности оценки надежности программного обеспечения обуславливает актуальность научных исследований, посвященных разработке и совершенствованию методов и моделей оценки. В существующих моделях оценки надежности не учитывается фактор вторичных дефектов или этому аспекту не уделяется внимание вообще. Это может привести, с одной стороны, к неэффективному применению и распределению методов и средств повышения надежности, а с другой, к недооценке рисков, связанных с возникновением отказов. Усовершенствованы вероятностные модели оценки надежности программных средств на основе учета параметров вторичных дефектов, путем модификаций функций риска этих моделей, что позволяет адекватно отображать процессы тестирования и сопровождения программных средств. В рамках исследования был проведен анализ классификаций моделей, анализ вероятностных моделей повышения надежности на предмет возможности их модификаций с тем, чтобы учитывать вторичные дефекты. Наиболее целесообразно в контексте поставленной задачи использовать модель Джелински-Моранды. Разработан метод оценивания числа вторичных дефектов программных средств, основанный на анализе статистических данных проявления первичных дефектов программных средств, что позволяет повысить точность количественных оценок эксплуатационных показателей. Потребность в разработке метода вызвана трудностями аналитического нахождения вторичных дефектов на основе моделей оценки надежности программных средств. В методе оценивания числа вторичных дефектов по статистическим данным выявления дефектов учитываются факторы раннего и поздних этапов тестирования (эксплуатации), что соответствует реалиям соответствующих этапов жизненного цикла программ.<br>The dissertation on obtaining the scientific degree of candidate of technical sciences in the specialty 05.13.06 – information technologies – National technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkov, 2015. The dissertation dedicated to the developing of models, methods of reliability estimation of software-technical complexes of information technology on the basis of making secondary defects. Scientific results are: improving probabilistic models of reliability estimation of software based on the parameters of secondary defects by modifying the risk function of these models that allows to reflect processes of testing and maintenance of software; method of estimating secondary defects of software tools that is based on the analysis of statistical data of manifestation of primary defects of software tools that allows to raise the accuracy of the quantitative assessment of performance indicators; the method of calculating the average intensity of manifestation of defects and the average change in the intensity of manifestation of defects with the help of modified model Jelinski-Moranda that, unlike existing, takes into account factor of secondary defects that allows to verify the reliability of software tools. Information technology of assessment the secure of software tools taking into account the secondary defects is devised basing on the method of estimating the number of secondary defects according to the statistics of defect detection and the method of calculating the average intensity of manifestation of defects and the average change in the intensity of manifestation of defects. The proposed models and methods allow to raise the accuracy of estimation of reliability of software and hardware complexes that is achieved by taking into account the factor of secondary defects.
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Руденко, Олександр Антонович. "Імовірнісні моделі та методи оцінювання надійності програмних засобів з урахуванням вторинних дефектів". Thesis, ТОВ "Фірма "Техсервіс", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/19064.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 – інформаційні технології – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2015.
Дисертація присвячена розробці моделей, методів оцінювання надійності програмно-технічних комплексів, інформаційної технології на основі врахування внесення вторинних дефектів. Науковими результатами є: удосконалення імовірнісних моделей оцінки надійності програмних засобів на основі врахування параметрів вторинних дефектів шляхом модифікації функцій ризику цих моделей, що дозволяє адекватно відображати процеси тестування і супроводу програмних засобів; метод оцінювання числа вторинних дефектів програмних засобів, що ґрунтується на аналізі статистичних даних прояву первинних дефектів програмних засобів, що дозволяє підвищити точність оцінок кількісних експлуатаційних показників; метод обчислення середньої інтенсивності прояву дефектів і середньої зміни інтенсивності прояву дефектів за допомогою модифікованої моделі Джелінські-Моранди, у якому, на відміну від існуючих, враховується фактор вторинних дефектів, що дозволяє верифікувати показники надійності програмних засобів. На основі методу оцінювання числа вторинних дефектів за статистичними даними виявлення дефектів та методу обчислення середньої інтенсивності прояву дефектів і середньої зміни інтенсивності прояву дефектів розроблена інформаційна технологія оцінювання надійності програмних засобів з урахуванням вторинних дефектів. Запропоновані моделі і методи дозволяють підвищити точність оцінювання надійності програмно-технічних комплексів, що досягається за рахунок урахування фактора вторинних дефектів.<br>The dissertation on obtaining the scientific degree of candidate of technical sciences in the specialty 05.13.06 – information technologies – National technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkov, 2015.
The dissertation dedicated to the developing of models, methods of reliability estimation of software-technical complexes of information technology on the basis of making secondary defects. Scientific results are: improving probabilistic models of reliability estimation of software based on the parameters of secondary defects by modifying the risk function of these models that allows to reflect processes of testing and maintenance of software; method of estimating secondary defects of software tools that is based on the analysis of statistical data of manifestation of primary defects of software tools that allows to raise the accuracy of the quantitative assessment of performance indicators; the method of calculating the average intensity of manifestation of defects and the average change in the intensity of manifestation of defects with the help of modified model Jelinski-Moranda that, unlike existing, takes into account factor of secondary defects that allows to verify the reliability of software tools. Information technology of assessment the secure of software tools taking into account the secondary defects is devised basing on the method of estimating the number of secondary defects according to the statistics of defect detection and the method of calculating the average intensity of manifestation of defects and the average change in the intensity of manifestation of defects. The proposed models and methods allow to raise the accuracy of estimation of reliability of software and hardware complexes that is achieved by taking into account the factor of secondary defects.
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Yamaguchi, Shoki. "EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY PULSED ULTRASOUND AFTER MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELL INJECTION TO TREAT OSTEOCHONDRAL DEFECTS: AN IN VIVO STUDY." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225972.
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Bulkšas, Albinas. "Rentgeno spinduliuotės difrakcinio spektro smailės intensyvumo priklausomybė nuo kvarco kristalo struktūros defektų." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20071019_162054-37404.
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Darbą sudaro septynios teorinės, bei dvi eksperimentinės dalys.
Teorinėje darbo dalyje apžvelgiama kietųjų kūnų klasifikacija, medžiagų ir kvarco struktūra, kristalų defektai, struktūros tyrimo metodai, Brego dėsnio ir rentgeno spinduliuotės panaudojimas defektų tyrimui, bei išanalizuotas rentgeno struktūrinės analizės metodas.
Eksperimentinėje dalyje paaiškinamas rentgeno spinduliuotės difrakcinio spektro smailės intensyvumo ir gardelės periodiškumo sutrikimo ryšys, taip pat pateikiami, difrakcinio spektro smailės intensyvumo priklausomybės nuo rentgeno spinduliuotės generuotų taškinių defektų kvarco gardelėje švitinimo eigoje, tyrimų rezultatai ir analizė.
Tyrimų metu buvo gauta kad:
1. Švitinimo eigoje keičiasi kvarco difrakcinio spektro smailės intensyvumas. Kylant temperatūrai šis intensyvumo pokytis mažėja.
2. Keičiantis intensyvumui keičiasi ir difrakcinio spektro maksimumą atitinkantis kampas , o kartu ir atitinkamai - tarpplokštuminis atstumas d.
3. Kvarco gardelės vidutinių kvadratinių nuokrypų pokytis švitinimo eigoje priešingas intensyvumo kitimo eigai.
4. Taškinių defektų koncentracija kvarco kristale didėja, kai intensyvumas mažėja arba atvirkščiai. Tačiau jų pokytis, kaip ir gardelės vidutinių kvadratinių nuokrypų, mažėja kai kaitinamas kvarco kristalas, jeigu tuo metu intensyvumas mažėja.
Išanalizavus gautus tyrimų rezultatus galima daryti išvadą, kad rentgeno spinduliuotės difrakcinio spektro smailės intensyvumas priklauso nuo:
1. Defektų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>The paper consists of seven theoretical and two experimental parts.
Theoretical part overviews the classification of solids, the structure of materials and quartz, defects of crystals, the methods of structure research, the usage of Bragg’s law and X - rays fore defect’s research, and it also analyses the method of X - rays structural analyses.
Experimental part includes the explanation of X - rays diffractive spectrum spike’s intensity connection with grating periodicity’s fluster. It also includes the research results and analyses of diffractive spectrum spike intensity dependences on X - rays generated dotted defects in quartz grating during irradiation.
Research results:
1. During irradiation the intensity of quartz diffractive spectrum spikes changes. While the temperature increases this intensity change decreases.
2. While intensity changes, the angle adequate to diffractive spectrum maximum changes too, and together with it – interplane distance d.
3. Quartz grating average quadrate deviation’s change during irradiation is opposite to intensity change.
4. The concentration of dotted defects in quartz crystal increase when the intensity decreases or vice versa. But their change as and grating’s average quadrate deviations, decrease when quartz crystal is under heating if at the same time the intensity decreases.
After analyzing the results of the research it is possible to make a conclusion that X - rays diffractive spectrum spike’s intensity depends on:
1... [to full text]
5
Žiliūtė, Laura. "Vilniaus miesto gatvių asfalto dangos funkcionavimo trukmės tyrimai ir vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080620_105544-60804.
Full textAbstract:
Šiame darbe pateikti duomenys apie Vilniaus miesto gatvių tinklą, jų techninius parametrus, trumpai apžvelgiama Vilniaus miesto gatvių būklė. Nagrinėti pažaidų tipai gatvėse su asfalto danga, pažaidų atsiradimo priežastys bei jų nustatymo metodikos, naudojamos įrangos. Nurodomi transporto eismo intensyvumo matavimo metodai, įranga. Atlikta analizė vizualiai nustatytų asfalto dangos pažaidų vienuolikos gatvių, esančių Vilniau mieste, bei transporto eismo intensyvumo matavimų, naudojant automatinį skaičiuoklį – klasifikatorių Marksman 660. Įvertinta asfalto dangos pažaidų bei transporto eismo intensyvumo priklausomybė. Atsižvelgiant į darbe atliktą analizę, sudarytas prioritetinis Vilniaus miesto remontuotinų gatvių sąrašas.<br>In this work there are supplied the net of Vilnius city streets, its engineering parameters, condition of streets in Vilnius has been overlooked briefly. There has been analysed types of defects in streets with asphalt pavement, reasons for origination of defects and methods for identification, usable equipment. Methods of measurement of traffic intensity and usable equipment has been also indicated. There has been analysed defects of asphalt pavement, which had been defined visually in eleven streets in Vilnius city, and measurements of traffic volume using the counter-sizer Marksman 660. Dependence of asphalt pavement defects and traffic volume has been estimated too. According to the analyse of this work, there has been done the list of priority for repairing these eleven streets in Vilnius city.
6
Грабовський, Р. С. "Наукові основи оцінювання безпечної роботи та довговічності нафтогазопроводів тривалої експлуатації за параметрами їх дефектності". Thesis, Івано-Франківський національний технічний університет нафти і газу, 2012. http://elar.nung.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1847.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертація присвячена проблемам розроблення критеріїв оцінювання безпечної роботи та здійснення прогнозних розрахункових оцінок міцності та залишкового ресурсу тривало експлуатованих нафтогазопроводів із наявними дефектами, що є базисом для експертних висновків про можливість їх подальшої безпечної роботи або виведення з експлуатації.
На основі проведених досліджень поверхневого тріщиноутворення при корозійно-втомній пошкоджуваності сталей для нафтогазопроводів отримано критеріальне співвідношення між довжиною поверхневої тріщини, характеристичним значенням прикладеного напруження та параметрами електрохімічного розчинення металу, а також отримано вираз для визначення період до зародження поверхневої корозійно-втомної тріщини.
Одержано нові експериментальні дані про зміну характеристик циклічної тріщиностійкості трубопровідних сталей залежно від сумісного впливу часу експлуатації та корозійних середовищ.
Запропоновано розрахункову методику та алгоритм її чисельної реалізації для оцінювання специфіки розвитку тріщин у стінках трубопроводів залежно від стану металу та оточуючого корозійного середовища, на основі якої досліджено кінетику поширення тріщиноподібних дефектів різної форми при їх розвитку в стінці труби за втомним та корозійно-втомним механізмом.
Запропоновано критерії безпечної експлуатації та оцінювання довговічності тривало експлуатованих нафтогазопроводів на підставі концепції порогового дефекту та умов потенційного катастрофічного руйнування дефектної труби.
Розроблено методику визначення руйнівного тиску у нафтогазопроводах з корозійно-втомними тріщиноподібними дефектами, яка враховує чинник потенційної можливості субкритичного росту тріщини за втомним механізмом.
Запропоновані підходи дозволили оцінити залишковий ресурс лінійних ділянок деяких дефектних нафтогазопроводів із урахуванням деградації властивостей металу під довготривалою дією експлуатаційних чинників середовища.<br>The dissertation focuses on problems of development of criteria for assessment of safe operation and forecasting of strength and residual lifetime of the long-term exploited oil-and-gas pipelines with defects for making of the expert conclusions on possibility of their further safe work or decommissioning.
Based on studies of surface corrosion fatigue cracking of steels for oil-and-gas pipelines, the criterion relation between surface crack length, characteristic value of applied cyclic stress and parameters of the electrochemical dissolution of metal was derived, On this ground the formula for calculation of the period of nucleation of surface corrosion fatigue crack has been proposed and verified.
The new experimental data on the corrosion fatigue crack growth behaviour of pipeline steels were received and analysed depending on the operation time and the presence of corrosion environments.
The calculation method and algorithm of its numerical realisation for assessment of the specificity of fatigue crack growth in the wall of pipe was developed and on this base the kinetics of crack propagation was determined for defects of different shape under fatigue and corrosion fatigue conditions.
The criteria of safe operation and for assessment of residual lifetime were proposed on the basis of concept of threshold defect and conditions of potential catastrophic failure of defective pipe.
The method for determination of the failure pressure in the defected oil-and-gas pipelines was developed with taking into account the potential possibility of subcritical crack growth under fatigue mechanism.
The developed methods were used for fracture risk assessment and residual lifetime evaluation of some linear sections of the long-term exploited oil-and-gas pipelines with defects.
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Zlotnicki, Jacques. "Sur les effets volcanomagnetiques et tectonomagnetiques." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077296.
Full textAbstract:
Etude du champ magnetique terrestre sur les edifices volcaniques ou dans les regions soumises a une activite sismotectonique. Trois themes de recherche sont developpes: l'acquisition des mesures de terrain, les mesures experimentales realisees en laboratoire, et les simulations numeriques. L'etude de terrain porte sur des resultats obtenus sur les volcans de la soufriere de guadeloupe, la montagne pelee de martinique et le piton de la fournaise a la reunion
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Melwa, Irene Tersia. "Knowledge of basics and ocular manifestations of HIV/AIDS among high schools learners in the Capricorn District of Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/562.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Sc. (Optometry)) --University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2010<br>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the associated Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are major public health concerns worldwide and present socioeconomic burden to many governments. To combat this scourge, a deep knowledge about this pandemic is required as one of the preventive methods.
Also, the knowledge can serve as a tool to help those who are infected. HIV/AIDS is
common among adolescents; therefore, one of the aims of this study is to establish
the knowledge of basics of HIV/AIDS among high school learners in the Capricorn
district of the Limpopo Province, South Africa.HIV/AIDS also affects the eye; identification of the ocular problem can sometimes help with the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS the condition. Therefore may have both sight and life-saving implications. The school curriculum and HIV/ AIDS awareness
campaigns in South Africa do not include basic knowledge of the effects of HIV/AIDS
on the eye; therefore an additional aim of this study was to establish the basic
knowledge of the effects of HIV/AIDS on the eye among the participants, so that an
informed recommendation can be made for the inclusion of the eye component in the awareness campaign and school curriculum. Methodology
Following relevant research and ethics approval of the proposal, relevant
permissions were obtained before the study commenced. A quantitative survey design was used for the study. Stratified random sampling method was used to select high schools and students that took part in the research. The participants were learners from 18 selected high schools in the Capricorn district of the Limpopo
Province. A questionnaire containing demographic data, information on general and
ocular effects of HIV/AIDS was used to collect information from the learners,
following a pilot study involving 20 high school learners. Data was analyzed with
Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program version 16.
Descriptive statistics (range, mean, standard deviations and frequencies) was used
to describe the findings, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model was used to model the scores on each of the dependent variables i.e. general knowledge of
HIV/AIDS and basic knowledge of the effects of HIV/AIDS on the eye. Results
The participants were 2659 black South African learners in grades 10 to 12 in the
high schools. Eighty eight percent were from rural high schools and (12%) were from a semi-urban high school. Their ages ranged from 14 to 28 years with a mean age of 17.82 and SD of ±1.766 years. The participants included (46.4%) males,(53.1%) females, and (0.5%) learners did not indicate their gender.The meaning of the acronym HIV was known by 63.6% of the participants, and
these included 65.8% of the females and 61.5% of males. A lesser proportion
(61.5%) knew what the acronym AIDS stands for. They included 70.9% of the females and 60.8% of the males. Knowledge about the different modes of HIV transmission varied from 87.0% (transmission through unprotected sex) to 62.5% (transmission from mother-to–child during pregnancy). Regarding the misconception on the modes of HIV/AIDS transmission, a majority (81.5%) of the learners knew that HIV/AIDS could not be transmitted from one person to another through hugging a person infected with HIV; this percentage includes 82.6% of the females
and 80.3% of the males.Only two respondents (0.1%) out of the total population knew the meaning of window period in HIV and they were both females. Only about a third (33.2%) knew the difference between HIV positive and negative results. Majority (85.9%) knew that it is important for one to know his or her HIV status. However, only 5.6% knew the reason why people should know their HIV status. Many (60.1%) knew that the
manifestation of HIV symptoms can take many years to develop on an HIV infected
person, and 54.9% knew that immune system suppression is the first effect of HIV
on the body. Knowledge of the effects of HIV on the body during the seroconversion
phase (acute phase), varies from 29.9% (HIV can cause continuous nausea) to 73.0% (HIV can cause tiredness). On the facilities that can be used to test for HIV status, knowledge of the participants varied from 93.4% (knew that HIV test can be done at a hospital) to 34.2% (HIV test can be done at the offices of
family general medical practitioner).
Only a few (27.8%) knew that HIV/ AIDS can affect the eye. Many (65.5%) of the
participants knew that an ophthalmologist or an optometrist should be consulted for
ocular problems that are related to HIV/AIDS. Knowledge on the effects of HIV on
the eye ranges from 20.6% (HIV can cause an itching and burning sensation in the
eye) to 58.6% (HIV can cause severe headaches). Forty six percent knew that HIV
can cause blindness. Less than half of the participants (46.9%) knew that
exchanging contact lenses with the infected person could not transmit HIV from an
HIV positive person.
Generally the performance was poor on the ocular manifestation of HIV/AIDS. Young
learners were more knowledgeable than the older ones, for both general knowledge
of HIV/AIDS and knowledge of the effect of HIV/AIDS on the eye (p < 0.05). Gender
of the participants was not statistically significant for both components of the survey
(p > 0.05). The pattern of performance among the grades across the schools was
not consistent for both components of the survey. Also ages of the learners and their
grades did not correspond in terms of performance in this study.
Conclusion and recommendations
General knowledge of HIV/AIDS was fairly good, but the basic knowledge of the
effects of HIV/AIDS on the eye was poor. Therefore, to improve the knowledge
about HIV/AIDS of the target population people, there is a need for more awareness
campaigns in the rural areas of South Africa. Also, it is recommended that basic
knowledge of the effects of HIV/AIDS on the eye should be included in the awareness campaigns (e.g. TV, newspapers, radio, magazines, fliers and HIV/AIDS workshops) and should also be integrated into HIV education syllabus as early as primary level. Educators teaching life orientation and life skills should have regular
continuing educational programmes to increase their knowledge on the subject of
HIV/AIDS and its effects on organs of the body such as the eye.<br>University of Limpopo
Books on the topic "Intensity of manifestation of defects"
1
Noblett, J. E. A stress intensity factor solution for root defects in fillet and partial penetration welds. TWI, 1996.
Find full text
2
Mannucci, Pier Mannuccio. Bleeding and haemostasis disorders. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0070.
Full textAbstract:
The main cause of haemostasis defects and related bleeding complications in patients with acute coronary syndromes admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit is the use of multiple antithrombotic drugs, alone or concomitantly with invasive procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention with stent deployment and coronary artery bypass surgery. These drugs, that act upon several components of haemostasis (platelet function, coagulation, fibrinolysis), are associated with bleeding complications, particularly in elderly patients (more so in women than in men), those who are underweight, and those with comorbid conditions such as renal and liver insufficiency and diabetes. The identification of patients at higher risk of bleeding is the most important preventive strategy. Red cell and platelet transfusions, which may become necessary in patients with severe bleeding, should be used with caution, because transfused patients with acute coronary syndrome have a high rate of adverse outcomes (death, myocardial infarction, and stroke). To reduce the need of transfusion, haemostatic agents that decrease blood loss and transfusion requirements (antifibrinolytic amino acids, plasmatic prothrombin complex concentrates, recombinant factor VIIa) may be considered. However, the efficacy of these agents in the control of bleeding complications in acute coronary syndrome is not unequivocally established, and there is concern for an increased risk of re-thrombosis. A low platelet count is another cause of bleeding in the intensive cardiac care unit. The main aetiologies are drugs (unfractionated heparin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors), thrombotic microangiopathies, such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, that are often paradoxically associated with thrombotic manifestations. In conclusion, evidence-based recommendations for the management of bleeding in patients admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit are lacking. Accurate assessments of the risk of bleeding in the individual and prevention measures are the most valid strategies.
3
Mannucci, Pier Mannuccio. Bleeding and haemostasis disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0070_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
The main cause of haemostasis defects and related bleeding complications in patients with acute coronary syndromes admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit is the use of multiple antithrombotic drugs, alone or concomitantly with invasive procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention with stent deployment and coronary artery bypass surgery. These drugs, that act upon several components of haemostasis (platelet function, coagulation, fibrinolysis), are associated with bleeding complications, particularly in elderly patients (more so in women than in men), those who are underweight, and those with comorbid conditions such as renal and liver insufficiency and diabetes. The identification of patients at higher risk of bleeding is the most important preventive strategy. Red cell and platelet transfusions, which may become necessary in patients with severe bleeding, should be used with caution, because transfused patients with acute coronary syndrome have a high rate of adverse outcomes (death, myocardial infarction, and stroke). To reduce the need of transfusion, haemostatic agents that decrease blood loss and transfusion requirements (antifibrinolytic amino acids, plasmatic prothrombin complex concentrates, recombinant factor VIIa) may be considered. However, the efficacy of these agents in the control of bleeding complications in acute coronary syndrome is not unequivocally established, and there is concern for an increased risk of re-thrombosis. A low platelet count is another cause of bleeding in the intensive cardiac care unit. The main aetiologies are drugs (unfractionated heparin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors), thrombotic microangiopathies, such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, that are often paradoxically associated with thrombotic manifestations. In conclusion, evidence-based recommendations for the management of bleeding in patients admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit are lacking. Accurate assessments of the risk of bleeding in the individual and prevention measures are the most valid strategies.
4
Mannucci, Pier Mannuccio. Bleeding and haemostasis disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0070_update_002.
Full textAbstract:
The main cause of haemostasis defects and related bleeding complications in patients with acute coronary syndromes admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit is the use of multiple antithrombotic drugs, alone or concomitantly with invasive procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention with stent deployment and coronary artery bypass surgery. These drugs, that act upon several components of haemostasis (platelet function, coagulation, fibrinolysis), are associated with bleeding complications, particularly in elderly patients (more so in women than in men), those who are underweight, and those with comorbid conditions such as renal and liver insufficiency and diabetes. The identification of patients at higher risk of bleeding is the most important preventive strategy. Red cell and platelet transfusions, which may become necessary in patients with severe bleeding, should be used with caution, because transfused patients with acute coronary syndrome have a high rate of adverse outcomes (death, myocardial infarction, and stroke). To reduce the need of transfusion, haemostatic agents that decrease blood loss and transfusion requirements (antifibrinolytic amino acids, plasmatic prothrombin complex concentrates, recombinant factor VIIa) may be considered. However, the efficacy of these agents in the control of bleeding complications in acute coronary syndrome is not unequivocally established, and there is concern for an increased risk of re-thrombosis. A low platelet count is another cause of bleeding in the intensive cardiac care unit. The main aetiologies are drug usage (unfractionated heparin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors), such thrombotic microangiopathies as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and disseminated intravascular coagulation, that are often paradoxically associated with thrombotic manifestations. In conclusion, evidence-based recommendations for the management of bleeding in patients admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit are lacking. Accurate assessments of the risk of bleeding in the individual and prevention measures are the most valid strategies.
5
Gamble, Ruth. Communities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190690779.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 3 describes the various communities within which the traditions and institutions of reincarnation lineages developed. It begins by examining a subtle but influential shift in the discourse around reincarnation that occurred during Rangjung Dorje’s lifetime from “manifestation” to “rebirth.” The focus on reincarnates being born again enabled a more ordered succession between members of a reincarnation lineage and evoked familial lines. Belief and support for rebirth were tied closely with the process of recognition; reincarnates themselves, their predecessor’s students, authoritative gurus, and political elites all sanctioned the recognition of one being as the rebirth of another. As this chapter explains, this recognition underpinned the community support that maintained reincarnates’ traditions and institutions. These communities ranged from local Tibetan monasteries and villages to larger political entities like the Mongol empire. Eventually, imperial support for the Karmapa reincarnates conferred an otherwise unattainable intensity of prestige on the Karmapa reincarnation lineage.
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Sakhuja, Vinay, and Harbir Singh Kohli. Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis. Edited by Vivekanand Jha. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0184_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, has an insidious onset with constitutional features. Subsequently the intense parasitism of the reticuloendothelial system causes hepatosplenomegaly, anaemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopaenia as well as hypergammaglobulinaemia. Kidney involvement manifests with proteinuria up to 1 g/24 hours, micro/macrohaematuria, and leucocyturia. Kidney involvement is generally mild and reversible with the treatment of infection. Biopsy appearances of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, mesangial proliferation, and occasionally focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescents have been described. Defects of urinary concentration and acidification have also been observed. Acute kidney injury (AKI) may be seen in one-third of patients and is associated with increased mortality.Trypanosomiasis has two forms. It causes sleeping sickness in Africa (T. brucei, transmitted by tsetse flies) or Chagas disease in South America (T. cruzei, transmitted by reduvid bugs). There is no direct association of these conditions with nephropathy, although there is in experimental models. AKI may occur, typically as a manifestation of multi-organ failure in African trypanosomiasis. APOL1 genotypes that confer susceptibility to FSGS are protective against T. brucei infection.
Book chapters on the topic "Intensity of manifestation of defects"
1
Noselli, G., F. Dal Corso, and D. Bigoni. "The stress intensity near a stiffener disclosed by photoelasticity." In Recent Progress in the Mechanics of Defects. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0314-8_10.
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Mikic, Nikola, and Anders R. Korshoej. "Improving Tumor-Treating Fields with Skull Remodeling Surgery, Surgery Planning, and Treatment Evaluation with Finite Element Methods." In Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_4.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTumor-treating fields (TTFields) are alternating fields (200 kHz) used to treat glioblastoma (GBM), which is one of the deadliest cancer diseases of all. Glioblastoma is a type of malignant brain cancer, which causes significant neurological deterioration and reduced quality of life, and for which there is currently no curative treatment. TTFields were recently introduced as a novel treatment modality in addition to surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The fields are induced noninvasively using two pairs of electrode arrays placed on the scalp. Due to low electrical conductivity, significant currents are shielded from the intracranial space, potentially compromising treatment efficacy. Recently, skull remodeling surgery (SR-surgery) was proposed to address this issue. SR-surgery comprises the formation of skull defects or thinning of the skull over the tumor to redirect currents toward the pathology and focally enhance the field intensity. Safety and feasibility of this concept were validated in a clinical phase 1 trial (OptimalTTF-1), which also indicated promising survival benefits. This chapter describes the FE methods used in the OptimalTTF-1 trial to plan SR-surgery and assess treatment efficacy. We will not present detailed modeling results from the trial but rather general concepts of model development and field calculations. Readers are kindly referred to Wenger et al. [1] for a more general overview of the clinical implications and applications of TTFields modeling.
3
Lee, Philip, and Kaustuv Bhattacharya. "Glycogen storage diseases." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.120301_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
Glycogen metabolism is regulated by a number of different enzymes, defects in any of which result in several types of glycogen storage disease. Types I, III, VI, and IX have predominantly hepatic manifestations: they typically present in infancy with failure to thrive and hepatomegaly, and they are associated with fasting hypoglycaemia. Diagnosis can be made in many cases by detection of gene mutation or functional tests of red blood cells or white blood cells. Most patients require an intensive dietary regimen providing a constant source of exogenous glucose, particularly in childhood. In illness, glucose requirements increase and it is necessary to continue to provide glucose either enterally or intravenously to prevent hypoglycaemia and secondary metabolic disturbances....
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Fierabracci, Alessandra, and Benedetta Russo. "Genetic and Immunological Features of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus as a Clinical Manifestation of Type 1 Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome." In Diabetes Associated with Single Gene Defects. S. Karger AG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000454704.
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Atta, Kousik, Aditya Pratap Singh, Saju Adhikary, Subhasis Mondal, and Sujaya Dewanjee. "Drought Stress: Manifestation and Mechanisms of Alleviation in Plants." In Drought [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102780.
Full textAbstract:
Drought can be referred to as a meteorological period without significant rainfall and it is one of such major abiotic stresses that contributes to a huge reduction in crop yield throughout the world. Plant shows a broad range of physiological, morphological, and biochemical changes such as reduced photosynthetic accumulation, altered gene expression, etc. Under the drought stress which ultimately causes reduced growth as well as poor grain yield. Drought stressconditions trigger production of ROS, which disrupts the dynamic balance between ROS production and ROS scavenging systems and its accumulation depends on the intensity as well as duration of water stress, and it varies among species. A plant species that has a better inherited genetic response allowing it to rapidly deploy its antioxidant enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense system, can tolerate drought better than a plant species with a poor antioxidant defense system. Furthermore, enzyme and protein encoding drought specific genes have the ability to enhance drought tolerance. These two enzymatic and genetic engineering strategies are unique and vital tools, which can be used to help alleviate the world’s future problems related to energy, food, and environmental stresses, particularly drought. This chapter attempts to discuss developments in understanding effects of drought stress and underlying mechanisms in plants for its alleviation.
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Barasa, Beatrice M. O. "A Review on Increased Incidences, Intensity and Scope of Disasters: Manifestation of Unsustainable Development Practices." In Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 3. Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v3/1926f.
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Sutton, Adrian P. "Cracks." In Physics of Elasticity and Crystal Defects. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860785.003.0009.
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Loaded slit cracks are modelled as continuous distributions of dislocations with infinitesimal Burgers vectors. Cauchy-type singular integral equations for the density of Burgers vector in these distributions are solved using the theory of Chebyshev polynomials. The elastic fields of mode I elastic slit cracks are derived and the stress intensity factor is defined. Other defects may interact with cracks such as dislocations. This leads to the concepts of shielding and anti-shielding of cracks by dislocations. The Dugdale–Bilby–Cottrell–Swinden model of a mode I crack completely shielded by a plastic zone is derived. By introducing a dislocation free zone between the plastic zone and the crack tip the crack tip is only partially shielded, enabling more brittle tendencies to be described. Griffith’s energy criterion for the growth of an existing crack is seen as necessary but not sufficient. The Barenblatt crack introduces the influence of interatomic forces at the crack tip.
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"Postinjury Pain Hypersensitivity and NMDA Receptor Antagonists." In 50 Studies Every Anesthesiologist Should Know, edited by Anita Gupta, Elena N. Gutman, Michael E. Hochman, Anita Gupta, Elena N. Gutman, and Michael E. Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237691.003.0036.
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This case focuses on pain hypersensitivity by asking the question: Are primary afferent-induced hypersensitivity states dependent on the activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and is windup (perceived increase in pain intensity with a repeatedly delivered stimulus) a possible trigger for the production of central hypersensitivity? This study demonstrated that the induction and maintenance of central sensitization are dependent on NMDA receptor activation. NMDA receptor antagonists have been shown to prevent the manifestation of central sensitization as well as to decrease established hyperactivity in pain pathways. NMDA receptor antagonists play an important role in pain management.
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Tyler, B. David, Joe Cobbs, and Yasmine K. Xantos. "The Roots of Rivalry." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8125-3.ch001.
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This chapter provides a foundation for those new to rivalry inquiry. First, it introduces seminal social psychology concepts, such as group identity, social identity theory, social categorization theory, and ingroup/outgroup formation. Next, the chapter explains three properties of rivalry and the 100-point single-item measure of rivalry intensity. Study 1 examines these in new leagues (MLB, MLS, NBA), finding robust support for rivalry as 1) non-exclusive (fans perceive multiple rivals), 2) continuous in scale (intensity varies among rivals), and 3) bidirectional (opposing fans rarely share equivalent perceptions of the rivalry). Study 2 explains 11 rivalry antecedents and investigates their manifestation within five sport leagues (MLB, MLS, NBA, NFL, NHL). These are, in descending order of influence: frequency of play, defining moments, recent parity, star factors, geography, relative dominance, historical parity, competition for personnel, cultural difference, unfairness, and cultural similarity. The authors close by noting limitations and future directions for rivalry research.
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Hughes, I. A. "Congenital adrenal hyperplasia." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.130702_update_001.
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) results from enzymatic defects in the pathways of adrenal steroidogenesis, with over 90% of cases being due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the CYP21 gene. Classical presentation—this is in the neonatal period with ambiguous genitalia/virilization of a female infant, with phenotype traditionally subdivided according to the presence (75%) or absence of salt wasting, which in affected males is the sole manifestation (and can, if unrecognized, be life-threatening). Delayed presentations can occur, manifest in women as hirsutism, oligomenorrhoea, and infertility and in men as infertility or testicular adrenal rest tumours....
Conference papers on the topic "Intensity of manifestation of defects"
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Feit, Michael D., and Alexander M. Rubenchik. "Laser intensity modulation by nonabsorbing defects." In Second International Conference on Solid State Lasers for Application to ICF, edited by Michel L. Andre. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.294285.
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Feit, Michael D., and Alexander M. Rubenchik. "Laser intensity modulation by nonabsorbing defects." In Laser-Induced Damage in Optical Materials: 1996, edited by Harold E. Bennett, Arthur H. Guenther, Mark R. Kozlowski, Brian E. Newnam, and M. J. Soileau. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.274235.
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Zaalishvili, V. B., D. A. Melkov, I. L. Gabeeva, et al. "Macroseismic Manifestation of Seismic Events of Different Intensity on Territory of Vladikakaz." In Proceedings of the VIII Science and Technology Conference “Contemporary Issues of Geology, Geophysics and Geo-ecology of the North Caucasus” (CIGGG 2018). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ciggg-18.2019.63.
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Wen, James Z., and Yang Tao. "Intensity compensation for online detection of defects on fruit." In Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, edited by Andrew G. Tescher. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.292772.
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Cheng, Wing, and Shigeru Itoh. "Stress Intensity Factors for Defects in Two Common Weld Joints." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93348.
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Defects are commonly in weld joints depending on the process condition and workmanship of the welding process. Under good control environment, the amount and size of the defects can be very small and do not compromise the integrity of the weld joints. In other cases, the amount and size of the defects in the weld joints can be large and, therefore, can limit the integrity of the structure. Determination of critical flaw sizes of the welds requires accurate calculation of stress intensity factors of cracks of various lengths at different locations for their use in crack growth evaluation under cyclic loading. Two commonly used welded joints, namely butt and corner weld joints, were investigated. Three crack configurations for each of the two welded joints were considered. Finite element method was used in conjunction of the M-integral to obtain the stress intensity factors for various lengths of the cracks. Results were then used to perform the fitness-for-purpose assessment of these welds under spectral loading. Methodology and results of the stress intensity factor calculation for the above-mentioned cracks are covered in this paper.
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Apalkov, V. M., M. E. Raikh, and B. Shapiro. "Manifestation of the Intrinsic Band Structure of a Disordered Photonic Crystal in Near-Field Intensity Correlations." In Frontiers in Optics. OSA, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2004.fwh52.
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Leal II, Ney Adson, Nágila Pereira Mendes, Caroline Moraes Tapajós Bolzani, and Hilton Mariano da Silva Junior. "Persistent hemicrania as onset manifestation of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.584.
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Context: Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (RHS), also named Optic Herpes Zoster is caused by the reactivation of Varicella-Zoster Virus that occurs in the geniculate ganglion. The classic syndrome is composed of vesicular lesions in the ear, ipsilateral otalgia and peripheral facial palsy. The onset of the syndrome with persistent hemicrania is absolutely atypical as a manifestation of RHS. Case report: A 69 year old woman with subacute onset of left exclusive hemicrania in moderate strong intensity without autonomic signs. Eight days after the onset of headache, she presented left peripheral facial paralysis and after 4 days, she noticed the appearance of vesicles in the left ear and pain in swallowing. She has developed nausea with several episodes of vomiting, important imbalance that made impossible gait. On physical examination she presented vesicles in the left ear and oropharynx, left peripheral facial paralysis House Brackmann grade IV, left hypoacusis, nystagmus and vestibular gait. The brain CT and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were normal. The patient has progressive improvement with Acyclovir. Conclusions: Otalgia or even intermediate neuralgia are more frequent painful manifestations of RHS. This case report highlights the need to consider the diagnosis of SRH in patients with persistent hemicrania, even if without initial classic signs of the syndrome.
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Towse, Adam. "Mode I Stress Intensity Factors for Small Defects in a Large Diameter Threaded Fixing." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21014.
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Abstract Mode I Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs) are presented at the surface and depth positions for shallow defects at the root of the male threads of an M130x4 – 6g / 6H threaded connection. The defects range between 1mm and 5mm in depth, and with an aspect ratio (a/b) between 1 (circular) and 0.1 (elongated). For the lowest a/b ratios, the defects approach the shape of an elongated constant depth defect running circumferentially. Such defects may be produced by preferential fatigue crack growth in the circumferential direction, fatigue crack initiation at the root or as a result of thread forming processes. The Mode I opening SIFs have been calculated using linear elastic Finite Element Analysis using contour integration. The modelling methodology was verified by comparison with published SIF solutions for semi-elliptical surface-breaking defects in a plate and also an unthreaded bar. SIFs have been calculated for both membrane and bending loading. The defects were placed at the position of greatest bending stress with the defects symmetric about the bending plane. SIFs have been calculated for different boundary conditions on the female thread side which affect the flow of load out of the stud, and hence the distribution of force in the stud and the resulting SIFs. The results show that if the flow of load in the stud is reversed, simulating reaction through a nut, then the calculated SIFs are higher than the case where the load is not reversed.
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Jiao, Zhaoyang, Mingying Sun, and Jianqiang Zhu. "Enhancement of light intensity related to distribution of defects in the final optics assembly." In Laser-Induced Damage in Optical Materials 2017, edited by Gregory J. Exarhos, Detlev Ristau, Vitaly E. Gruzdev, Joseph A. Menapace, and MJ Soileau. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2280522.
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Swartz, Craig H., Odille C. Noriega, Pathiraja A. R. D. Jayathilaka, et al. "Study of defects in CdTe heterostructures using imaging confocal photoluminescence and photoluminescence intensity measurements." In 2014 IEEE 40th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2014.6925416.
Full textReports on the topic "Intensity of manifestation of defects"
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Kost’, Stepan. THE CONCEPT OF CREATIVITY IN JOURNALISM. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11092.
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The article analyzes some theoretical and practical aspects of creativity. The author shares his opinion that the concept of creativity belongs to the fundamental concepts of philosophy, psychology, literature, art, pedagogy. Creativity is one of the important concepts of the theory of journalism. The author does not agree with the extended definition of creativity. He believes that journalistic activity becomes creativity when it is free and associated with the creation and establishment of new national and universal values, with the highest intensity of intellectual and moral strength of the journalist, when journalism is a manifestation of civic position, when this activity combines professional skills and perfect literary form.The author also believes that literary skill and the skill of a journalist are not identical concepts, because literary skill is a component of journalistic skill.