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Journal articles on the topic 'Inter-communal relations'

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1

Gatawa, Muhammad Mukhtar. "The Role of Islam in the Yoruba-Hausa Harmonious Relations in Southwestern Nigeria." IIUC Studies 12 (December 10, 2016): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v12i0.30585.

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In Nigeria, academic discourse on inter-group relations over the years has been narrowed down to only two interrelated terms: conflict and violence. This is due to the rising cases of inter-ethnic and inter-religious conflicts witnessed in the multi-cultural and multi-religious Nigeria. This paper intends to argue that the escalating ethnic and religious consciousness is greatly the handiwork of elites and politicians who employ both ethnicity and religion as effective tools for mass mobilization and manipulation of citizens’ psyche in their attempt to dominate the state power apparatus and re
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Dwivedi, Satyam. "Migration and Inter-ethnic Relations in India: A Review of Communal Harmony and Conflict." International Journal of Management and Development Studies 14, no. 4 (2025): 12–17. https://doi.org/10.53983/ijmds.v14n4.002.

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Migration has played a central role in shaping the ethnic and cultural fabric of India. This review-based research paper explores the complex relationship between migration and inter-ethnic relations in India, focusing on how migration fosters both communal harmony and conflict. Drawing upon interdisciplinary literature from sociology, anthropology, and political science, the paper reviews historical and contemporary migration patterns, inter-group interactions, and state responses. It evaluates the sociological mechanisms that lead to cultural integration as well as those that incite ethnic t
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Pely, Doron, and Golan Luzon. "Hybrid dispute resolution model for migrant-host communities." International Journal of Conflict Management 30, no. 5 (2019): 615–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-01-2019-0009.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to locate, describe and analyze the differences between the way migrants from communal cultures and local communities in Western Europe resolve intra-communal and inter-communal conflicts, and to use the findings to propose a hybrid alternative model that may be able to bridge across identified differences. Such a hybrid model will facilitate enhanced integration and adaptation between host and migrant communities, contributing to improved conflict resolution outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This paper starts with an exploration, review and analysis of
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Dr., Abubakar Sama'ila, and Magaji Sha'aban. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF INTER-COMMUNITY RELATIONS IN THE KATSINA-MARADI-ZAMFARA AREAS OF THE NIGERIA-NIGER BORDERLANDS." GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 07, no. 09 (2024): 16–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985539.

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This article examines the inter-community relations between the borderland population of Katsina, Maradi, and Zamfara in the Nigeria-Niger borderlands. Despite the demarcation of the Nigeria-Niger boundary by European powers, the historical, environmental, economic, social, and linguistic similarities have promoted and necessitated relationships between these border areas. This analysis focuses on the impacts of various activities undertaken by the border communities on the development of inter-communal relations.
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Hartoyo, Hartoyo. "Muakhi (Brotherhood) and its practices related to preventing communal conflict in multicultural societies." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 32, no. 3 (2019): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v32i32019.227-239.

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In preventing communal conflict, the role of local wisdom is often considered to be a mechanism to maintain the peacefulness and closeness of inter-ethnic relations. Many researchers also argue that conflict prevention should practiced during both pre- and post-conflict. This study, therefore, aims to explain the role of Muakhi as the local wisdom in Lampung Province for recovering inter-ethnic relations in post-communal (inter-ethnic) conflict based on two empirical cases, namely the Balinuraga conflict in South Lampung and the Pematang Tahalo conflict in East Lampung, Lampung Province. The d
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Yakubu, Suleiman. "The Role and Impact of the Islamic Religion on the Auchi Kingdom in Nigeria Since 1914." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 17, no. 28 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n28p1.

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Academic discourse on religion and inter-group relations over the years has been trending in Nigeria. This is due to several cases of inter-ethnic and inter-religious conflicts witnessed in multi-cultural and ethnic Nigeria. The paper argues that despite the escalating ethnic and religious crisis the Islamic religion had played significant roles in the lives of the people of the Auchi kingdom since 1914. It also affirms the view that, as far as Islam is concerned, there were transformative roles the religion played in the lives of the people since 1914 till date. A high level of cordial inter-
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Islam, Md Touhidul, Fahima Durrat, Mahabuba Islam Meem, and Md Raqibul Hasan. "Resilience Building after Violent Attack on Buddhist Community: The Case of Ramu in Cox’s Bazar District of Bangladesh." Social Science Review 40, no. 2 (2024): 143–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ssr.v40i2.72203.

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This study delves into the analysis of communal violence in Bangladesh, focusing on the 2012 violent attack on the Buddhist community in Ramu, Cox’s Bazar. It examines the extent to which the attack affected the social cohesion of the local Muslim and Buddhist communities and evaluates the efficacy of post-violence responses for strengthening social cohesion and building resilience. We applied a mixed-method approach by using descriptive statistics from a survey of 300 local people and qualitative data from Focus Group Discussions and Key Informant Interviews. Based on an analytical framework
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Duba, Gulay Umaner, and Nur Köprülü. "Rethinking National Identities in Divided Societies of Post-Ottoman Lands: Lessons from Lebanon and Cyprus." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i2.p113-127.

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The communal identities rooted in the millet system are still salient in post-Ottoman lands. Cyprus and Lebanon offer two cases where ethnic and sectarian identities are more prominent than national identities. In this respect both countries represent highly divided societies in post-Ottoman territories. This article discusses the failure of power-sharing systems in Cyprus and Lebanon, arguing that the lack of cultivation of a common national identity at the founding of these republics remains even today a central obstacle to implementing stable multinational/sectarian democratic systems. As a
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9

Marsh, Christopher. "The Religious Dimension of Post-Communist “Ethnic” Conflict." Nationalities Papers 35, no. 5 (2007): 811–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990701651802.

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Common religious, cultural, and ethnic bonds can hold communities together, while differences along these same lines often lead to calls for national independence, complicate nation building, and confound inter-communal peacemaking efforts. In particular, when religious differences exist between groups in conflict there is a marked tendency for such differences to become emphasized. This is not to say that religion is the root cause of all internecine and inter-communal conflict, which certainly is not the case. But conflicts become fundamentally altered as they rage on, and factors that were
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Jiménez, Tomás R. "FADE TO BLACK." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 13, no. 1 (2016): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x16000011.

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AbstractIncreasingly, African Americans find themselves living side-by-side with immigrant newcomers from Latin America, the largest source of today’s immigrant population. Research on “Black/Brown” relations tends to a priori define groupness in ethnoracial terms and gloss over potential nuance in inter-group relations. Taking an inductive approach to understanding how African Americans interpret the boundaries that result from immigration-driven change, this paper draws on fieldwork among African Americans in East Palo Alto, California, a Black-majority-turned-Latino-majority city, to examin
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Valensi, Lucette. "Inter-Communal Relations and Changes in Religious Affiliation in the Middle East (Seventeenth to Nineteenth Centuries)." Comparative Studies in Society and History 39, no. 2 (1997): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500020612.

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Religion … appears in all different sorts in Syria: Turks, Jews, Heretics, Schismatics, Naturalists, Idolaters; or to be more exact these are genera that have their species in great number, for in Aleppo alone we counted sixteen types of religions of which four were Turks different from each other; of Idolaters, there remains only one sort which worships the sun; of Naturalists, those who maintain the natural essence of God with some superstition concerning cows and who come from this side of the borders of Mogor; and the others without superstitions named Druze, living in Anti-Lebanon under a
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Nolte, M. Insa, Clyde Ancarno, and Rebecca Jones. "Inter-religious relations in Yorubaland, Nigeria: corpus methods and anthropological survey data." Corpora 13, no. 1 (2018): 27–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2018.0135.

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This paper uses corpus methods to support the analysis of data collected as part of a large-scale ethnographic project that focusses on inter-religious relations in south-west Nigeria. Our corpus consists of answers to the open questions asked in a survey. The paper explores how people in the Yoruba-speaking south-west region of Nigeria, particularly Muslims and Christians, manage their religious differences. Through this analysis of inter-religious relations, we demonstrate how corpus linguistics can assist analyses of text-based data gathered in anthropological research. Meanwhile, our study
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Roter, Petra. "International-local Linkages in Multistakeholder Partnerships Involved in Reconciliation, Inter-communal Bridgebuilding and Confidence-building." Croatian International Relations Review 21, no. 72 (2015): 139–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cirr-2015-0005.

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Abstract This paper focuses on the involvement of the international community (international actors) in post-conflict reconstruction in the context of multi-stakeholder partnerships (MSPs) operating in the issue-area of reconciliation, inter-communal bridge-building and confidence-building. In particular, the paper analyses the international-local linkages within the MSPs, and suggests that although the involvement of the international community in post-conflict reconstruction (peace-building) is heavy and indispensable, it is neither straight-forward nor problem-free. In order to understand t
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Seraidari, Katerina. "Sharing the sacra: The Politics and Pragmatics of Inter-communal Relations Around Holy Places, by Bowman, Glenn." Social Anthropology 21, no. 3 (2013): 423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12040_1.

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15

Woodward, Mark. "ISLAM, ETHNICITY, NATIONALISM, AND THE BURMESE ROHINGYA CRISIS." Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman 15, no. 02 (2020): 287–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.21274/epis.2020.15.02.287-314.

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This article discusses the world’s most oppressed people, the Muslim Rohingya of Burma (Myanmar) through the lens of “state symbologies and critical juncture”. It further argues the amalgamation of Burmese-Buddhist ethno-nationalism and anti-Muslim hate speech have become elements of Burma’s state symbology and components. Colonialism established conditions in which ethno-religious conflict could develop through policies that destroyed the civic religious pluralism characteristic of pre-colonial states. Burmese Buddhist ethno-religious nationalism is responsible for a series of communal confli
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Tigre, Maria Antonia. "Indigenous Communities of the Lhaka Honhat (Our Land) Association v. Argentina." American Journal of International Law 115, no. 4 (2021): 706–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2021.47.

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On February 6, 2020, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Court) declared in Lhaka Honhat Association v. Argentina that Argentina violated Indigenous groups’ rights to communal property, a healthy environment, cultural identity, food, and water. For the first time in a contentious case, the Court analyzed these rights autonomously based on Article 26 of the American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR) and ordered specific restitution measures, including actions to provide access to adequate food and water, and the recovery of forest resources and Indigenous culture. The decision marks a sig
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Fuentes, Alejandro. "Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Traditional Lands and Exploitation of Natural Resources: The Inter-American Court of Human Rights’ Safeguards." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 24, no. 3 (2017): 229–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02403006.

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The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (I-ACtHR) has developed remarkable jurisprudence for the protection of the right to communal property of indigenous and tribal communities with respect to the ancestral lands that they possess and traditionally used-natural resources, in order to guarantee their cultural and economic survival in the Americas. This article critically analyses the legal regime applicable for the protection of the right to traditional communal property of indigenous and tribal peoples in the Americas, its connection with their right to cultural identity, and the right to a
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Will, Ralf G. "“A CONCISE OUTLINE OF THE 5-POINTER ANTOA COUNTDOWN” BY RALF G WILL = RGW23C." International Journal of Advance Research in Education & Literature (ISSN: 2208-2441) 9, no. 5 (2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnel.v9i5.1689.

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Aim of this article is a concise overview of ANTOA from Point 1 to 5. It is also a comprehensive selection of comments and annotations to the various benchmarks that form an unusual perimeter, encircling the social context of creative expression.
 While Point 1 looks for individual footprint and intrinsic character, Point 2 deals with environmental concern and how Art builds social relations viceversa becomes tool for conscientising communal dissent.
 Point 3 explains the old-meets-new condition whereby relevant Art supports sensible skill upheaval and innovative presentation. Trendy
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Girling, Kristian. "‘To Live within Islam’: The Chaldean Catholic Church in modern Iraq, 1958–2003." Studies in Church History 51 (2015): 366–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400050294.

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Since June 2014 the Chaldean Catholic Church has faced an existential crisis. The recent attacks of the terrorist forces of the so-called Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in the northern Iraqi provinces of Duhok, Erbil, Mosul and Sulaymaniya have resulted in increasing levels of persecution and forced displacement. This essay reflects on a more secure period in Chaldean history, during which the community made a strong contribution to the development of the modern state of Iraq, established in 1921. Although proportionally small in size, the essay will show that the Chaldean community cont
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Carnegie, Michelle. "Living with difference in rural Indonesia: What can be learned for national and regional political agendas?" Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 41, no. 3 (2010): 449–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463410000263.

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Much research has sought to understand why mixed communities in Indonesia have been torn apart by violent conflict. By contrast, little is known about how people live together successfully in the mixed, low-conflict communities that exist in abundance throughout the Indonesian archipelago. This paper explores the inter-communal relations in the multiethnic, Christian-Muslim coastal village of Oelua in Roti, Nusa Tenggara Timur province. Mechanisms of agreement across ethnic, religious and livelihood differences have shaped and reproduced a low-conflict community — including transfers of land,
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Guerrero, Andrés. "Unité domestique et reproduction sociale : la communauté huasipungo." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 41, no. 3 (1986): 683–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1986.283303.

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Ce travail se propose d'analyser les stratégies de reproduction que mettent en œuvre les unités familiales nouvellement formées en vue de leur reproduction sociale dans un cadre communal. Pour ce faire, nous avons considéré le cas, socialement très précis, d'un type d'unités familiales, connues dans la région andine équatorienne sous le nom d'apegadas (qui signifie collées), en une phase déterminée de leur cycle de développement et en un moment historique particulier : une communauté huasipunguera, inhérente à la forme de production de l'hacienda de la Cordillière ‘. Dans le cas étudié, par st
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Voskanyan, K. V. "TOPICALITY OF CONSIDERATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE PROCESS OF STRUCTURING MODELS OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR." Modern Psychology 2, no. 2 (4) (2019): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/sbmp/2019.2.2(4).383.

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In economic theories, considerable importance is attached to the research connected with the manifestations of the behavior and modelling of different social entities (individuals, reference groups, ethnic groups) as economic entities. Attempts are made to construct effective economic behavioral models by applying mathematical methods. In this context, solutions to problems in which individual and ethno- psychological peculiarities of economic entities act as factors have become relevant in psychology. It is assumed that economic activity which takes into account psychological peculiarities of
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Adam, Adam. "The role of cultural identity in sustaining village-level conflict: Lessons from Pombewe, Indonesia." Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (2025): 1027–33. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i2.4643.

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This study explores the role of cultural identity in sustaining village-level conflicts in Pombewe, Indonesia, where historical grievances and communal loyalties shape inter-Dusun (inter-village) relations. Using qualitative research methods, including in-depth interviews and participant observation, the study finds that these conflicts are deeply embedded in cultural narratives and social identities, often intensified by concerns over honor and territorial claims. While socio-economic factors, such as resource competition, may act as catalysts, it is the cultural dimensions that sustain long-
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A. L., Arowona,, Aliede, J. E., and Odobo, S. O. "Management of Inter-Religious Conflicts in Kwara State: Prospects and Challenges." African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research 7, no. 4 (2024): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-doalgmr2.

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Nigeria has experienced various inter-religious conflicts that have obvious effects on peace. In Kwara State, for example, inter-religious conflict has surfaced as a major feature of inter-group relations. This paper examines the management of inter-religious conflict in Kwara State. Nigeria with the use of descriptive analysis. Conflict theory was employed as the basis of the study. The Kwara State Government applied various strategies in the management of inter-religious conflict, among them attempts to provide good governance and equitable development, litigation, use of police actions to p
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Naidu, Dr Suranthiran Naidu A/L M. N. "The Interweaved and Imbedded Impact of the Rukun Tetangga Community Relations Programme on Malaysian Nationhood as Governed by the Rukun Negara National Ideology." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. VII (2023): 1646–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.70828.

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The Malaysian ‘Rukun’ national programmes saw the light of day in the aftermath of the tragic May 1969 inter-communal conflicts. Following the introduction of the national ideology Rukun Negara in 1971, the Rukun Tetangga Scheme (RTS) was introduced in 1975 to enable the local communities throughout the nation to harmoniously help enhance residential social security. The objectives of this research study are to attempt to understand the extent the nation’s national ideology, the Rukun Negara, is being imbued in the enforcement and practices of the Rukun Tetangga national community security enh
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Cletus O. Obasi, Rebecca Ginikanwa Nnamani, and Jaclyn Odinka. "The role of Igbo women in peace building during the Nigerian civil war: 1967 – 1970." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Updates 5, no. 2 (2023): 017–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijmru.2023.5.2.0054.

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The salient roles of Igbo women during the Nigeria Civil War were a catalyst in the survival of many dying and suffering children, and the broken and frustrated Biafra soldiers. The roles too were important in the internal security of Igboland in the absence of the men who were on the war front to defend the fatherland. The devastation caused by the war affected the culture and traditional institutions of the Igbo, which in effect, posed a double challenge to the women. Igbo women were not only victims of the war, they were challenged too with roles of acting as heads of their various families
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Asante, Richard, and Ransford Van Gyampo. "EXPLAINING POLITICAL PARTY VIGILANTISM AND VIOLENCE IN PARLIAMENTARY BY-ELECTIONS IN GHANA." Journal of African Politics 1, no. 1 (2021): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.58548/2021jap101.89105.

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Electoral violence often perpetrated by political party vigilante groups in Ghana has been a major setback to Ghana’s drive towards democratic maturity. In particular, acts and incidence of violence have been alarming during parliamentary by-elections at the constituency level, which have often led to major casualties like deaths, injuries, destruction of property, inter-party conflicts, as well as social and communal tensions. Yet, very little attention has been given to electoral violence and vigilantism during parliamentary bye-elections. This study fills this gap by drawing on interviews,
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Apostolov, Mario. "The Pomaks: A Religious Minority in the Balkans." Nationalities Papers 24, no. 4 (1996): 727–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999608408481.

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A religious minority of Bulgarian-speaking Muslims, the Pomaks now live dispersed in five Balkan countries: Bulgaria, Macedonia, Greece, Albania and Turkey. A living legacy of the complexities of Balkan history, the Pomaks represent a perfect case to study interstate political intricacies around the unsettled identity of small inter-communal groups. An examination of this community should enrich the knowledge about the nature of Balkan Islam that stands on the periphery of the Arab-Iranian-Turkic Islamic heartland, the three peoples who carried the major burden of Islamic history.
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Biner, Zerrin Özlem. "Retrieving the Dignity of a Cosmopolitan City: Contested Perspectives on Rights, Culture and Ethnicity in Mardin." New Perspectives on Turkey 37 (2007): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600004726.

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AbstractThis article aims to contribute to the understanding of post-conflict processes in Turkey by focusing on the discourses and practices following the city of Mardin's bid to become a World Heritage Site. It intends to show how cosmopolitanism becomes a contested and dominant discourse for the locals of the city (Kurds, Arabs, and Syriac Christians) to re-articulate the history of the inter-communal relationships and to create a negotiating ground with the state, in order to recover from the moral and economic injuries of the military conflict during the 1990s. In doing so, the article di
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Md Yousuf Ali and Osman Bakar. "SYED AHMAD KHAN'S TWIN OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATIONAL REFORMS IN BRITISH INDIA." Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC) 26, no. 1 (2021): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/shajarah.v26i1.1226.

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The primary aim of this article is to discuss the twin objectives of Syed Ahmad Khan’s (1817-1898) religious and educational reforms during the British colonial rule, namely Muslim socio-cultural advancement and progress and the realisation of Hindu-Muslim unity. This study shows that Syed Ahmad’s approach to educational reforms was non-sectarian, but his special emphasis on Muslim education was dictated by the social fact that the Muslim community was backward compared to the Hindus and, moreover, they were suppressed by the British colonial rulers. Syed Ahmad is portrayed here as an advocate
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Beyene, Fekadu. "Natural Resource Conflict Analysis among Pastoralists in Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 12, no. 1 (2017): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2017.1284605.

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This paper examines resource-related conflict among pastoralists in southern Ethiopia, specifically the Somali and Oromo ethnic groups. It applies theories of property rights, environmental security and political ecology to discuss the complexity of the conflict, using narrative analysis and conflict mapping. Results reveal that the conflict results from interrelated cultural, ecological and political factors. The systems of governance, including the setting up of regions on an ethnic basis and associated competition for land and control of water-points, have contributed to violent conflict be
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Methodieva, Milena B. "How Turks and Bulgarians Became Ethnic Brothers." Turkish Historical Review 5, no. 2 (2014): 221–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462-00502005.

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In 1905 the Bulgarian authorities initiated preparations for a large-scale propaganda project in order to advertise the wellbeing of Bulgaria’s Muslims among the Muslim inhabitants of Ottoman Macedonia. Its purpose was to dispel inter-communal hostility during particularly turbulent times in the area. The project capitalized on arguments about ethnic and historical connections between Turks and Bulgarians by developing a novel theory maintaining that Bulgaria’s Turks were descendants of the Bulgars who founded the first Bulgarian state in the seventh century. However, Young Turk activists from
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Kadir, Akhmad. "Melihat Indonesia dari Jendela Papua: Kebinekaan dalam Rajutan Budaya Melanesia." JSW: Jurnal Sosiologi Walisongo 1, no. 2 (2018): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jsw.2017.1.2.2034.

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<div><p class="ABSTRAKen">This article reveals the dynamics of local communities in Papua in accommodating differences between them. Those different ethnic and cultural communities, are able to build social relations through cultural mechanisms. Using the ethnographic approach this article reveals that Papuan people have a strong cultural capital to relate existing differences. Through communal culture, exchange relation in the form of enjoying eating together, religion of relatives, and the culture of one stone stove made of three stone, as well as inter-clans marriage become the
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Demir, Beyza Topuz. "Spilling Pig Blood in the Muslim Cemetery: The Effort to Expel a Dragoman in Early-Modern Ottoman Istanbul." Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 11, no. 1 (2024): 179–207. https://doi.org/10.2979/tur.00027.

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ABSTRACT: Istanbul court registers preserve an absorbing case from the early eighteenth century: the inhabitants of five neighborhoods lined up against Anton, the dragoman for the British embassy in Istanbul to expel him from his neighborhood. He was accused of opening a pig slaughterhouse and spilling pig blood into the Muslim graveyard. Additionally, he was accused of running an illegal tavern out of his home. Although the accusations were adjudicated according to normal legal procedure, the plaintiffs were not satisfied and entreated the sultan again for his expulsion. This article uses the
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Sharkey, Heather J. "Damascus, Syria, 1860: Clues and Lessons from the Scene of a Crime." Bustan The Middle East Book Review 16, no. 1 (2025): 3–21. https://doi.org/10.5325/bustan.16.1.0003.

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ABSTRACT In July 1860, a mob tore through two neighborhoods of Damascus and targeted Christians in a rampage of murder, rape, looting, abduction, and arson. Worried that European powers would intervene, and appalled by the violence and destruction, Ottoman authorities set out to restore order, punish perpetrators, placate diplomats, and rebuild the city. More than a century and a half later, these events and the responses to them continue to provoke questions about inter-communal relations among Muslims, Christians, Druze, and Jews, as well as among Arabs, Kurds, and others. They call for inqu
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Mozaffar, Shaheen. "Negotiating Independence in Mauritius." International Negotiation 10, no. 2 (2005): 263–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1571806054740976.

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AbstractThe democratic institutions, especially the electoral institutions for converting votes into seats that were chosen during independence negotiations, have been the key to democratic stability in Mauritius. These institutions emerged out of strategic bargaining structured around a combination of contextual and contingent variables. Conflicting political interests reflecting a combination of class, sectarian and communal interests influenced the institutional preferences of Mauritian elites involved in independence negotiations, leading them to converge on institutional designs that they
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Kom, Leivon Jimmy. "THE NEUTRAL PERSPECTIVES & ITS PRACTICE AMONG THE KOM REM IN MANIPUR (INDIA)." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2, no. 2 (2013): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v2i2.3094.

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The purpose of the paper is to explore the unique and distinctive charisma of the Kom Rem or Koms, who are relatively small group of tribes in Manipur, North East India. The present paper takes into account the six constituent tribes of the Kom Rem and its socio-political constraints during the last decades of ethnic upsurge in the state of Manipur. It extracts the traditional geo-political implications of the tribes ˜nuetral approach; and its peculiar features as a way to lessen ethnic conflicts of bigger tribes vis-a-vis inter-tribal feuds at their nearest geographical suburbs. The paper con
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Stefansson, Anders H. "Coffee after cleansing?" Focaal 2010, no. 57 (2010): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2010.570105.

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This article critically addresses the idea that ethnic remixing alone fosters reconciliation and tolerance after sectarian conflict, a vision that has been forcefully cultivated by international interventionists in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the town of Banja Luka, it presents a multi-faceted analysis of the effects of ethnic minority return on the (re)building of social relations across communal boundaries. Although returnees were primarily elderly Bosniacs who settled in parts of the town traditionally populated by their own ethnic group, some level o
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OBIKWU, EMMANUEL. "THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, NATIONAL- ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS AND THE CREATION OF STATES: THE POST–COLONIAL NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE." Petita : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah 2, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/petita.v2i1.1811.

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Critics will retort that there are well over 400 ethno-linguistic groups in Nigeria and each of them cannot have their own state! This is acknowledged and is not an altogether unfounded claim. It, however, underestimates inter-communal and interethnic relations which in Nigeria is generally cordial. Several states in the country are strictly speaking not entirely homogenous ethnically but are composed of several minority groups living together in harmony. Furthermore, there are criteria which ethnic groups agitating for states within Nigeria must meet. Political negotiations, rallies, campaign
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CANNY, NICHOLAS. "Historians, moral judgement and national communities: the Irish dilemma." European Review 14, no. 3 (2006): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106279870600041x.

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This paper treats of the peculiarity of the Irish case. Professionalization of history came late to Ireland, and when it did happen, it was with a view to overcoming the inter-denominational and inter-communal point scoring that had energized most previous writing of Ireland's history. In tracing the further development of the history profession in Ireland, the paper alludes to the extent to which the posing of new questions and the employment of new methods were motivated by historical developments elsewhere in the western academic world. The outbreak of civil conflict in Northern Ireland ins
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Stanley, Brian. "Christians, Muslims and the State in Twentieth-Century Egypt and Indonesia." Studies in Church History 51 (2015): 412–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400050324.

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Surveys of the historical relationship between Christianity and other faiths often suggest that through a process of theological enlightenment the churches have moved from crusade to cooperation and from diatribe to dialogue. This trajectory is most marked in studies of Christian-Muslim relations, overshadowed as they are by the legacy of the Crusades. Hugh Goddard’sA History of Christian-Muslim Relationsproceeds from a focus on the frequently confrontational inter-communal relations of earlier periods to attempts by Western theologians over the last two centuries to define a more irenic stanc
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Summers, James. "Property Rights and the Protection of Subsistence in Article 1(2) of the Human Rights Covenants." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 26, no. 2 (2019): 157–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02602007.

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This article explores how property rights have informed the peoples’ right to resources in Article 1(2) of the Human Rights Covenants. It examines practice in the interpretation of Article 1, as well as jurisprudence from the Inter-American and African human rights systems linking peoples’ rights and the right to property. It also highlights the pivotal role of protection of subsistence in making this connection. The right to resources can draw from different forms of property, including private, public, communal and traditional forms. Property rights under Article 1 have also applied to a bro
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Kumar, Yadam Ram. "Application of 3P Theory in Analysis of Gender Conflict-Intergender and Intragender Conflict." Journal of Social Science Studies 10, no. 1 (2023): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v10i1.21181.

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The research paper deals with Intergender and Intragender conflict. These terms newly coined in this paper, a great contribution to modern Sociology. All forms of gender conflicts divided into two; First is conflict between two or more Identical genders, known as Intragender conflict and second is conflict between two opposite genders known as Intergender conflict. These conflicts analyzed with P-Factors (P1, P2, P3) of 3P Theory. The research paper also resolves various forms of conflict between the members of a family i.e intimate partners, siblings, parent and children etc. The rising issue
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Franchi, Elena. "Oiantheia in between. Cross-border Activities in Ancient Federal Greece." Gerión. Revista de Historia Antigua 43, no. 1 (2025): 47–70. https://doi.org/10.5209/geri.98958.

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Oiantheia is a city located on the eastern border of Aitolia having an outlet to the sea and probably a harbour. Their access to the Corinthian Gulf played an essential role in their relations with neighbouring towns and ethne. The town was undoubtedly perceived as Lokrian, yet its location on the border meant there was a pervasive element of Aitolian identity present too. Unsurprisingly, many Aitolian and Lokrian towns in the eastern borderlands with the Ozolian Lokrians had converging interests with their neighbours across the political divide. They exchanged goods locally and regionally, wh
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Weiss, Meredith L. "Coalitions and Competition in Malaysia -Incremental Transformation of a Strong-party System." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 32, no. 2 (2013): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341303200202.

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The seeming entrenchment of a two-coalition system in Malaysia solidifies the centrality of strongly institutionalised parties in the polity. The primary parties in Malaysia reach deeply into society and nest within dense networks of both intra-party and external organisations. Given this order -which differentiates Malaysia from its neighbours in the region – political liberalisation, if it happens, should be expected largely via electoral politics, and, specifically, through inter-party challenges. Indeed, the ideological and material premises of the emergent Pakatan Rakyat (People's Allianc
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Sokolova, P. "The current state of the Kosovo status issue: normalization of relations without conflict resolution?" Pathways to Peace and Security, no. 1 (2023): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2307-1494-2023-1-167-182.

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The article analyzes the dynamics of the new escalation in the Kosovo conflict, including the agenda for dialogue between Belgrade and Pristina and the agreements achieved in 2023. The impact of the European security crisis and Russia’s confrontation with the West on the Kosovo negotiation process is evaluated. It is concluded that escalation of the crisis in the early 2020s is linked to attempts undertaken by the Pristina authorities, with the support from the European Union and the United States, to finalize the statehood of the partially recognized republic and to establish Pristina’s sover
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BEBLER, ANTON. "SECURITY CHALLENGES IN SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, me 2013/ ISSUE 15/3 (September 30, 2013): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.15.3.3.

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The purpose of this article is to identify the principal security challenges in South Eastern Europe. The mix of challenges has changed radically since the end of the Cold War and the wars in the former Yugoslavia, in favour of non-military threats. The era of wars of religion, ideology and redrawing of state borders in the Western Balkans seems to be over. The tranquillity in the region, imposed from the outside has been buttressed by two international protectorates. The suppression of armed violence did not add up to long-term stability as the underbrush of nationalism, in- tolerance and int
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Manoharan, N., Drorima Chatterjee, and Dhruv Ashok. "The New ‘Other’: Islamic Radicalisation and De-Radicalisation in Sri Lanka." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 77, no. 4 (2021): 605–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09749284211047723.

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One of the key terms to understand the nature of violence and conflicts world over is ‘radicalisation’. Sri Lanka’s case is instructive in understanding the various dimensions of Islamic radicalisation and de-radicalisation, especially in South Asia. Though a small state, Sri Lanka has witnessed three radical movements, the latest being Islamic that got manifested in deadly Easter attacks of April 2019. Eco-space for Islamic radicalisation existed in the island for decades, but the rise of ultra-Sinhala-Buddhist nationalism post the end of Eelam War IV acted as a breaking point. The underlying
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Manoharan, N., Drorima Chatterjee, and Dhruv Ashok. "The New ‘Other’: Islamic Radicalisation and De-Radicalisation in Sri Lanka." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 77, no. 4 (2021): 605–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09749284211047723.

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One of the key terms to understand the nature of violence and conflicts world over is ‘radicalisation’. Sri Lanka’s case is instructive in understanding the various dimensions of Islamic radicalisation and de-radicalisation, especially in South Asia. Though a small state, Sri Lanka has witnessed three radical movements, the latest being Islamic that got manifested in deadly Easter attacks of April 2019. Eco-space for Islamic radicalisation existed in the island for decades, but the rise of ultra-Sinhala-Buddhist nationalism post the end of Eelam War IV acted as a breaking point. The underlying
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Pratt, Douglas. "Secular New Zealand and Religious Diversity: From Cultural Evolution to Societal Affirmation." Social Inclusion 4, no. 2 (2016): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i2.463.

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About a century ago New Zealand was a predominantly white Anglo-Saxon Christian nation, flavoured only by diversities of Christianity. A declining indigenous population (Maori) for the most part had been successfully converted as a result of 19th century missionary endeavour. In 2007, in response to increased presence of diverse religions, a national Statement on Religious Diversity was launched. During the last quarter of the 20th century the rise of immigrant communities, with their various cultures and religions, had contributed significantly to the changing demographic profile of religious
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