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1
Satake, Kenji, and Hery Harjono. "Multi-Disciplinary Hazard Reduction from Earthquakes and Volcanoes in Indonesia." Journal of Disaster Research 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2012.p0004.
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Indonesian and Japanese researchers have conducted a three-year, multi-disciplinary, cooperative research project. The project provides a platform for collaboration among researchers in natural science, engineering, and social or humanity sciences, and for officials in national and local governments. Research activities are grouped into (1) evaluation of earthquake potential and prediction of strong-motion and tsunami hazards based on geophysical investigations, (2) shortterm and long-term predictions of volcanic eruptions and development of methods for their evaluation, (3) establishment of social infrastructure based on engineering developments, (4) mitigation of social vulnerability to geohazards, and (5) promotion of disaster education and raising of disaster consciousness. To coordinate these research activities and to utilize the research results, the project has one last group, (6) application of the research and establishment of a collaboration mechanism between researchers and government officials. In addition to research collaboration in individual fields, inter-group meetings and workshops are regularly held to promote inter-disciplinary discussion and collaboration. Multi-disciplinary surveys on recent volcanic and tsunami disasters have also been conducted. The Joint Coordinating Committee, composed of representatives of relevant Indonesian ministries and institutions as well as project leaders, oversees the unique multi-institutional and multidisciplinary activities. This committee can be maintained after the completion of the project as a platform for Indonesian stakeholders.
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Federspiel, Howard. "Islamic Values, Law and Expectations in Contemporary Indonesia." Islamic Law and Society 5, no. 1 (1998): 90–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568519982599652.
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AbstractIn this essay I survey the wide variety of views manifested by Indonesians regarding Islamic values and law. Within government circles, the security conscious “guardian group” bars political Islam but regards worship as benign, while the Ministry of Religious Affairs has adopted an accommodationist stance which promotes Muslim community values outside of politics. Outside of government, non-Muslims and nominal Muslims are chary of Islamic values and attempts to institute Islamic law, while Muslim groups express a strong desire to have Islamic norms operate for the betterment of society and to fulfill Qurʿanic admonitions about such matters. Some Muslim groups call for greater attention by individuals to Islamic teachings, while others call for the establishment of sacred law in society. Most Muslim groups want the Indonesian state to identify with Islam, but, at the same time, many approve of the current national policies regarding inter-communal harmony and the emphasis on modernity.
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Siburian, Matondang Elsa. "The effect of regional income inequality and social diversity on the provision of local public goods in Indonesia." International Journal of Social Economics 47, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2018-0661.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to quantify the effects of regional income disparity and social diversity on local public goods delivery in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach Using Indonesian provincial data over the period 2001–2014 and by way of System GMM, this paper circumvents endogeneity and persistence of key variables over time which may bias the estimated impact of the critical variables. Findings The result provides no significant evidence on the influence of regional income inequality on the provision of local public goods. The result reveals that ethnic diversity is associated with the more extensive provision of local public goods. A large difference in preferences toward public goods provision in a fragmented society such as Indonesia forces the local government to deliver a greater mixed of public goods to accommodate various preferences for public goods and ensure that each group has equal access to public goods. Political fragmentation within an ethnically heterogeneous society also encourages local politicians to provide a larger provision of public goods to form an inter-ethnic coalition to gain local political access. Practical implications The significant effect of ethnic diversity on public goods provision implies a set of policy recommendation for Indonesian Government in order to maintain peace within the country. The central government should establish a clear-cut standard of local public goods provision for local governments to ensure that that anyone has equal access to public goods regardless of ethnicity. This will mitigate the possibility of ethnic conflict in an ethnically plural society. Originality/value This paper extends its analysis using both fractionalization and polarization indexes to measure the social diversity in Indonesia to obtain a comprehensive knowledge regarding the influence of ethnic diversity on the public good provision. This paper proposes a set of policy recommendation for Indonesian Government to manage the effect of social diversity on the provision of local public goods. To the author’s knowledge, this has never been done before for Indonesia. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-12-2018-0661
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Achwan, Rochman. "The Fountain of Love Credit Union: A Vibrant Microfinance Institution in a Hostile Inter-Ethnic Society." Asian Case Research Journal 16, no. 01 (June 2012): 93–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927512500046.
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The Fountain of Love Credit Union (FLCU) is a rare example of a vibrant microfinance institution in Indonesia. Located at the heart of a hostile inter-ethnic society in the province of West Kalimantan, the FLCU invents unique types of social capital and financial organization that bolster its unparallel financial performance. In recognition of this achievement, the Indonesian government presented the FLCU with the 2005 Award for Small-Medium Corporate Excellence. Decades of inter-ethnic hostility inspired school teachers to establish the FLCU in 1987. They dreamt of creating a big microfinance institution and promoting the economic well-being of the Dayak ethnic group. The Dayak, one of Kalimantan's two largest ethnic groups, defines itself as disadvantaged. A sense of grievance evolving around these issues culminated in a series of ethnic conflicts. Today, after more than two decades of operations, the FLCU has not only won the trust of most Dayak people but also inspires other ethnic groups to establish microfinance institutions. This environment has allowed unique types of social capital and financial organization to flourish. The Fountain of Love Foundation (FLF), the parent organization of the FLCU, has set up a variety of social and economic organizations. They work in partnership with the FLCU in all aspects of its business, from recruiting, disciplining, and empowering clients to weaving organizational networks with other microfinance institutions. The latter plays a vital role in curbing the penetration of modern micro banking in the province. The FLF, therefore, has become an ethnic-based conglomerate in which the FLCU functions as one of its driving forces. However, the FLCU faces a number of hurdles. Almost all FLCU clients, in rural and urban areas, are of the Dayak ethnic group. From organizational and policy points of view, the legal status of the FLCU is vulnerable as its assets grow beyond the mandatory requirement of the current banking law.
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Hidayat, Dasrun. "Social and Cultural Identity Pendekatan Face Negotation Theory dan Public Relations Multikulturalism Negara Jerman-China dan Indonesia." Jurnal ASPIKOM 2, no. 2 (January 20, 2014): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v2i2.64.
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Research examines the focus of social identity and cultural identity of individuals between states of Germany, China and Indonesia. Building a sense of one's cultural identity is comprised of various identities that are interconnected with face negotiation theory perspective. Research constructive significance intersubjective phenomenology with qualitative constructivist paradigm. The study found that the inter-state identity constructed in a different manner. Germany builds social identity because of the role of government not of the family. Germany does not take into account the family so that the identity of individual awakes more independent. Chinese social identity constructed by social status, stratum or class. China still sees a group of men as dominant and women as a minority. Socially constructed male identity as it is considered more capable than women. Social identity of opposites so that social structures are built are also different. Similarly, Indonesia, social identity is built almost the same as China, only differentiating factor lies in obedience to carry out the norms and values prevailing in the social strata. Indonesia and China still uphold the cultural dimension of collectivity than Germany Individual dimensions. Using multicultural Public Relations function approach finally be able to recognize the cultural identity of each country and each social identity
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Widyanto, Anton. "Reformulating Strategies to Develop Democratization through Civic Education in Aceh." Ulumuna 21, no. 1 (October 27, 2017): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v21i1.1179.
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This paper aims to pursue appropriate strategies to shape students’ characters and sense of nationalism through formal education in Aceh. Grounded in the structured interviews, focused group discussions, and observations, this qualitative case study reveals that Aceh, as one province in Indonesia, which was trapped in prolonged army conflict, needs character education that focuses on the nation-state paradigm. The contemporary Acehnese society is also facing new cultural, ethnic, inter-religious conflicts, as well as internal conflicts among Muslims. The seed of these conflicts becomes increasingly worse when infiltrated by the contemporary political interests in the province. During the era of military conflict, Pendidikan Moral Pancasila (Pancasila Moral Education) was deemed “a dangerous” subject to be taught in Aceh schools due to its contradictory nature against the ideology of Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (Free Aceh Movement). Despite downgrading the students’ spirit of nationalism, such situation has gradually been changed since a peace agreement between the two parties, Indonesian government and Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, was achieved in August 2005. Nevertheless, this demonstrates the need to overhaul curriculum and instructional strategies in the pursuit of the democratization in the province.
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Suswandari, Suswandari. "Local History of Jakarta and MulticulturalAttitude (Historical Local Study of Betawi Ethnic)." JETL (Journal Of Education, Teaching and Learning) 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v2i1.142.
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This is a literature review about local history of Jakarta and multicultural attitude. In the context of local history of Jakarta, ethnic Betawi as ethnic origin Jakarta is formed from the process of inter-ethnic assimilation imported by the Dutch colonial government in its political and economic interests. In its development, the Betawi ethnic group continued to strengthen and succeeded in establishing their own distinctive identity as well as disturbing with other ethnic groups in Indonesia, although in their present development their existence is decreasing due to development interest which is not able to open wide room for Betawi ethnicity itself because various causes. The Betawi ethnic group has a strong identity concerning Betawi cultural heritage such as strong religious soul, respect for diversity, friendly, homoris, helpful, open, tolerant to differences and so on. As a part of Jakarta's local history, ethnic Betawi history can be explored as a source of inspiration and a source of awareness in instilling multicultural souls in Jakarta, as a metropolitan city with increasingly diverse ethnicity towards social life within the framework of peace and harmony.
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Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, and Lillian Mwanri. "Inequalities in addressing the HIV epidemic: the story of the Indonesian Ojek community." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 8, no. 3 (September 21, 2015): 144–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-10-2014-0028.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the potential socio-cultural determinants contributing to inequalities and the susceptibility of the Ojek to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Design/methodology/approach – In 2010 a qualitative enquiry was employed to collect data concerning the susceptibility of the Ojek to HIV infection. Both one-on-one open-ended in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were employed. Participants included Ojek (hired motorcycle drivers), religious and community leaders, staff from the HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Commission of Belu and staff from two HIV/AIDS non-governmental organisations. A thematic analysis and a framework approach were used to analyse the data. Findings – The findings showed four socio-cultural determinants of susceptibility to HIV infection within the Ojek community. These included: first, mobility and migration; second, patterns of sexual behaviours, sexual networks and sexual incentives; third, cultural norms and social interactions; and fourth, the lack of resources, knowledge and awareness of HIV/AIDS. Underpinned by these factors, the main determinant of HIV susceptibility for the Ojek is an individual’s engagement in sexual intercourse with multiple sex partners, including female commercial sex workers (FCSWs). Social implications – There is a need to disseminate HIV/AIDS information and education throughout the Ojek communities, and to engage the general population in the promotion of sexual behavioural change among the Ojek in Belu. Empowerment strategies should also be employed to empower the general community, the Ojek and FCSWs in order to address HIV/AIDS transmission. Originality/value – This paper provides evidence of the socio-cultural determinants of HIV inequalities within the Ojek community in Indonesia. An understanding of these determinants would enable the planning, implementation and application of a holistic approach addressing the determinants of HIV in Belu and other similar settings. Additionally, knowledge of such determinants would provide an understanding of the role of inter-sectoral collaboration and community participation in tackling the susceptibility to HIV infection within the Ojek community.
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Mu'afa, Sulthan Fikri, and Nurissaidah Ulinnuha. "Regency grouping in East Java based on Variable Type of Agriculture uses Hybrid Hierarchical Clustering Via Mutual Cluster Method." InPrime: Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/inprime.v2i1.14167.
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AbstractEast Java Province is one of the provinces that has the largest agricultural resources in Indonesia. The Government of East Java needs to produce superior commodities in each region. This study aims to group districts in East Java Province based on variable types of agriculture with the hybrid hierarchical clustering via mutual cluster method that combines the merging of bottom-up clustering advantages and top-down clustering advantages. Mutual cluster is a grouping with the largest distance between small groups of the shortest distance for each point outside the group. In this research, the calculation uses Euclidean distance. The data used in this study are from the East Java Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2017. The division calculation is obtained by finding the minimum (standard deviation of intra cluster) value and the maximum (standard deviation of inter clusters) value and using the analysis of variance calculation. The grouping results obtained were nine groups with value of 725.934, value of 1.475.978 and value of 7,908.Keywords: agriculture; Hybrid Hierarchical Clustering; mutual cluster; Euclidean distance; analysis of variance. AbstrakProvinsi Jawa Timur merupakan salah satu provinsi yang memiliki sumber daya pertanian terbesar di Indonesia. Pemerintah Jawa Timur perlu mengembangkan komoditi unggulan di tiap daerah di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Timur berdasarkan variabel jenis pertanian dengan metode hybrid hierarchical clustering via mutual cluster yaitu menggabungkan kelebihan bottom-up clustering dan kelebihan top-down clustering. Mutual cluster yakni pengelompokkan dengan jarak terbesar antara bagian dalam kelompok yang kecil dari jarak yang terpendek kepada tiap titik di luar kelompok. Dalam penelitian ini, perhitungan jarak menggunakan jarak Euclidean. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dari Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Timur tahun 2017. Perhitungan pembagian didapat dengan mencari nilai (simpangan baku dalam klaster) yang minimal dan nilai (simpangan baku antar klaster) yang maksimal, serta digunakan perhitungan analyze of varians. Hasil pengelompokkan yang diperoleh didapatkan sebanyak sembilan kelompok dengan nilai sebesar 725.934, nilai sebesar 1.475.978 dan nilai sebesar 7,908.Kata Kunci: pertanian; Hybrid Hierarchical Clustering; mutual cluster; jarak Euclid; analisis variansi.
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Harefa, S.E., M.E., Mandala. "PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN DANA BAGI HASIL TERHADAP PENERIMAAN DAERAH DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik 9, no. 2 (February 14, 2019): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22212/jekp.v9i2.1159.
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The implementation of regional autonomy along with fiscal decentralization in Indonesia is significantly expected to increase the amount of funds transferred to the regions. The policy aims to reduce inter-regional fiscal inequality in order to improve the quality of public services in the region. This research was conducted to find out whether central government transfers in the form of Revenue Sharing Funds (DBH) would be able to increase the regional revenues of East Kalimantan Province to fund regional needs in the context of implementing decentralization. East Kalimantan Province was selected as the case study, considering that this province has many natural resources which expectedly will receive a quite large DBH. This study uses qualitative methods to explain problems related to the implementation of fiscal decentralization policies. The focus of the study is the proportion percentage of DBH that has been regulated. Important information gathered through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions to find the core of the problem to facilitate analysis. The results of the study showed that the DBH obtained by East Kalimantan Province in recent years had decreased, so that it had an effect on overall revenue which in turn had a significant effect on the implementation of regional programs. On the other hand, a very large increase was received from the transfer of special allocation funds, but this also did not affect the revenues of East Kalimantan Province. Whereas Local Revenues did not experience a significant increase.
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Setyowati, Kristina, and Tya Astriyani. "Inter-Governmental Relation in City Bus Public Transportation Service in Surakarta in Indonesia." GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 2, no. 3 (July 18, 2017): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2017.2.3(21).
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Objective - The objective of research was to determine the intergovernmental relation in public transport services. It also aims to identify the inter-governmental Relation in the service of Batik Solo Trans viewed from the cooperation type, the cooperation process and examined using three aspects: sharing of benefits, sharing of burden and sharing of experience. Methodology/Technique - The research method was qualitative descriptive one with interview and documentation as the technique of collecting data. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling on. Data validation was carried out using method triangulation and data analysis using an interactive data analysis. Findings – Considering the result of research, it could be found that the type of inter- Governmental Relation in BST Service was the collective agreement without certain pact document. The cooperation process was done in coordinative manner. The cooperation showed the existence of benefit sharing between the areas involved. Besides, cooperation was also used as the media of sharing experiences, but it didn't show the distribution of responsibility. Novelty - The study recommends that there should be an agreement document specifically governing the intergovernmental cooperation in BST service, enabling the sharing of burdens so that the cooperation can be proposed with the distribution of responsibility between the areas involved. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Inter-Regional Relation; Cooperation; Public Transport Service, City Bus. JEL Classification: O18, O31.
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Ohene-Asare, Kwaku, Victor Sosu Gakpey, and Charles Turkson. "Inter-group performance of oil producing countries: a meta and global frontier analysis." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 12, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 426–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-07-2017-0006.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to compare the production efficiencies and frontiers differences of oil-producing countries (OPCs) in four inter-governmental organizations (IGOs) in the international petroleum industry with the aim of providing such countries understanding of group characteristics that help maximize their supply interests.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical analysis is based on 14 years of panel data covering the period from 2000 to 2013. In all 46 unique countries who are members of four IGOs relevant to the international petroleum industry are examined on individual and group bases. The authors use both metafrontier analysis and global frontier difference in examining the group average and group frontiers, respectively.FindingsGroups with high inter and intra-group collaborations which ensure exchange of information, organizational learning and innovation tend to do better than groups with even higher hydro-carbon endowment. Additionally, hydro-carbon resource endowment may not be the solution to group inefficiency without higher endowment in human capital, economic stability, technology and infrastructure.Practical implicationsChoice of inter-governmental organizational membership should be based on the level of inter- and intra-group collaborations, human capital endowment among others and not mere historic links or even resource endowment.Originality/valueThis is among the few studies to compare and rank IGOs. Specifically, it is among the first studies to analyze the petroleum production efficiencies of IGOs involved in the international petroleum industry. This study assesses the performance differences among OPCs with the aim of identifying for OPCs the characteristics of inter-governmental groups that are beneficial to efficiency in upstream petroleum activities.
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Nurkholis, Nurkholis, and Bambang P. S. Brodjonegoro. "Dampak Desentralisasi Fiskal terhadap Perekonomian Antar Daerah : Analisa Model IRIO." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 3, no. 2 (January 1, 2003): 50–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v3i2.28.
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Regional autonomy program is the form of fiscal decentralization policy in Indonesia, legally started with the law of Regional Government No.22/1999 about de-concentration azas, which imply power or authority sharing and No.25/1999 about decentralization, which imply financial sharing between central and regional government. Financial sharing is tax and natural resources sharing revenue. This financial sharing type can widen fiscal gap between regions. As the solution, the central government gives block grants. Interregional Input-Output (IRIO) model can be used to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization policy on sectoral and regional linkages, multipliers, growth, equalization, and efficiency of the regional economy. The analysis use shock variables of inter-governmental transfer including tax sharing revenue, natural resources revenue and block grants. They are treated as an exogenous variable package by regional government expenditure. The expenditures are in the form of investment and consumption based on IRIO model to analyze the optimality of policy variation. The analysis shows that the optimality of growth, equalization, and economic efficiency will be reached if the allocation of inter-governmental transfer is exactly the same as the potency and linkages between sectors and regions. We find the current formulation of intergovernmental transfer by central government, potent to increase regional disparity. Central government should reformulate division of inter-governmental transfer to avoid fiscal decentralization to be contra productive policy.
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Sitanggang, Hendrik, R. Hamdani Harahap, and Abdul Kadir. "THE ROLE OF NGO’s IN STRENGTHENING THE FARMER GROUPS (RESEARCH ON THE ROLE OF MERCY CORPS INDONESIA IN HUMBANG HASUNDUTAN DISTRICT)." Dinasti International Journal of Education Management And Social Science 2, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 463–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/dijemss.v2i3.628.
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One of the problems in agriculture is the institutional problem of farmers who are not supportive. Non-Governmental Organizations can take a role in strengthening farmer groups, especially people in agricultural areas such as Humbang Hasundutan District. The purpose of this research is expected to provide in-depth information to describe and analyze activities conducted by Mercy Corps Indonesia in strengthening farmer group institutions. Research on the role of non-governmental organizations in instutional strengthening farmer group. This research uses qualitative methods. Researchers function as data collectors and analyzers related to the role of Mercy Corps Indonesia's non-governmental organizations in institutional strengthening farmer groups in Sinambela village at Humbang Hasundutan District. The results of this research were concluded several things, such as 1) Mercy Corps Indonesia Non-Governmental Organizations take a role in group strengthening farmers in Sinambela village, among them was through Livehood activities such as outreach activities, field meetings, making GAP (Good Demostration Practices) demonstration plots and strengthening the organization of farmer groups in Sinambela village. 2) Saolan and Haluaon farmer groups are slowly starting to strengthen from the dimension of organizational, human resources, finance, infrastructure and cooperation.
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Hasim, Moh. "ISLAM, MINORITAS DAN PLURALISME DI INDONESIA." Analisa 15, no. 01 (May 18, 2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v15i01.329.
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<p>Because of governmental system that acknowledged six official<br />religions (Islam, Christian, Catholic, Hindu, Buddha, and Confucius),<br />Indonesia as democratic country are judged by international world<br />doing religious discrimination on other religious minority group<br />(outside official religion). The role of MUI as authoritative religious<br />agency, exactly, worsen religious belief conflicts by giving label<br />"deviant" on new religious/stream/belief out of mainstream official<br />religions. Hegemony interests of religious majority groups<br />(organizations) as moral power that has the right to claim about the<br />truth in governmental system has jeopardize pluralism structures in<br />Indonesia. Pluralism by MUI is forbidden with the reason of insulting<br />religious truths. While Islam as major religion follow by Indonesian<br />community has explained that pluralism is a reality that become<br />natural law and could not be denied.</p>
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Taylor, Lisa N., Kenneth G. Doe, Richard P. Scroggins, and Peter G. Wells. "Regulatory ecotoxicology testing in Canada – activities and influence of the Inter-Governmental Ecotoxicological Testing Group." Water Quality Research Journal 48, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2013.026.
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The Inter-Governmental Ecotoxicological Testing Group (IGETG) is an ad hoc group of government scientists, technologists, data users, and scientific advisors that has been active in the development and application of ecotoxicological testing in Canada. Membership includes representatives from government laboratories that conduct toxicity testing for research and development purposes, monitor effluent discharge for compliance with regulations, and/or perform exploratory monitoring of non-regulated sectors. The original focus of the group was to support the development and application of standardized toxicity test methods under the Fisheries Act but as the group matured it broadened its focus to five goals: (1) to promote the use of ecotoxicity testing; (2) to disseminate and harmonize new knowledge and understanding of issues related to ecotoxicity testing; (3) to provide scientific support to environmental programs; (4) to develop, validate and publish toxicological test methods; and (5) to establish and implement quality assurance practices in toxicology laboratories. Since 1990, IGETG has assisted Environment Canada in standardizing 22 toxicity test methods and in developing eight guidance documents. In this context, we briefly outline the history and future of applied ecotoxicological testing in Canada illustrated by specific examples wherein standard toxicity tests are useful. This paper commemorates IGETG's 35th anniversary.
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Soemarinda, Sukusen, Yeremias T. Keban, Muhadjir Darwin, and Tumiran Tumiran. "Kebijakan Pertamina dalam Perdagangan Minyak Indonesia (1969–2015)." Populasi 26, no. 2 (September 15, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jp.44151.
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Pertamina has a long history of oil trading and was influenced by the actors seizing for the power. The first oil shipments was held in 1958, while this research only discussesPertamina oil trading from 1969 to 2015 through a special subsidiary which was established to carry out the trading for almost fifty years since it was still named as Perta Group (1969) until Petral (2015). The purpose of this research is to know how Pertamina oil trading policy was specified and implemented over a period of time and parties affecting the process so rent- seeking and corruption happened throughout the history of Pertamina oil trading. The method of research a descriptive qualitative method of case study. The data was collected from various documents and interview of perpetrators related. Based on the research carried out, Pertamina oil trading from Perta Group (1969) until Petral (2015) could be classified into three periods, i.e. Perta Group period (1969-1978), POML period (1978-1998), and Petral (1998-2015). The first and second period occurred under the authority of the New Order government, while the third period under the reformation periodThe first period was characterized by the domination of military interests and the second period influenced by the interests of inner circle and family business related to the ruler of the New Order and the third period was dominated by the influence of powerfull person/company.
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Samsudin, Mohd Bin. "Integrations of Nation Beyond the Maritime Borders: Effort and Experience Malaysia In Strengthening and Developing Relationships with Indonesia." Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 3, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v3i2.6309.
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Malaysia inherited the legacy of the famous maritime empire of Srivijaya and Malacca Sultanate. Before western imperialism come, the Malay community in the region, especially in the Strait of Malacca enjoy a close relationship, regardless of borders. Historical experience binds the role and importance of maritime as a priority in realizing the relations between the people of Malaysia and Indonesia before the independence of the two countries which established inter-community interdependence. In fact, this interdependence that has enriched people's lives in economics and culture. Western colonialism had broken the ties of society when the borders were set up by them. But after the two countries became independent, there was an effort to re-establish a relationship based on historical and cultural experiences. Despite the experience of love and sorrow, the fact is that the priority to strengthen relations with Indonesia has never been forgotten by Malaysian leaders. Various efforts have been made in the field of economic, social,and cultural cooperation including IMT-GT. Communication and cultural cooperation between the two countries. The economic difficulties encountered during the financial crisis of the late 1990s, by sharing common experiences have strengthened leaders' confidence to prioritize intergenerational integration. Using the Collective Memory method, this paper will examinehistorical and cultural experiences as the basis for closer relationships. Furthermore, it will discuss Malaysia's efforts to strengthen and prosper the people of both countries through various means, especially ASEAN, IMT-GT economic development cooperation, SIJORI, inter-governmental cooperation, and inter-community cooperation that took place during Prime Minister Tun Abdul Razak's leadership and Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad.
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Bochsler, Daniel, and Edina Szöcsik. "Building inter-ethnic bridges or promoting ethno-territorial demarcation lines? Hungarian minority parties in competition." Nationalities Papers 41, no. 5 (September 2013): 761–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2013.801411.
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Parties of ethnic minorities are flourishing in a large number of ethnically divided democracies. While academic research has studied their emergence and success, we know little about intra-group party competition. This paper discusses the reasons for intra-group political plurality, with a focus on intra-party conflict and intra-group party competition: it explains the political orientation of ethnic minority parties and their intra-group challengers as a consequence of the inclusion of minority parties into government. The inclusion of minority parties into national governments produces an inherent conflict between pragmatic office-seekers and radical partisans. In minority parties that have governmental responsibilities, the pragmatist view overwhelms, while in those parties in opposition, radical voices dominate. The formation of two intra-Hungarian challenger parties in Romania and in Slovakia in 2007 and 2009 represents two very similar cases, which appear to be in line with our hypotheses.
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Ilter, Cenap. "Group of companies and inter-company fraud: a case from Turkey." Journal of Financial Crime 23, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-12-2014-0064.
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Purpose This paper aims to present a real case of inter-company fraud where the Group’s Bank lent money to a Group company and was never repaid. The company generates its own cash, but instead of repaying its debt to the Bank, it funds other Group companies. Considering the Bank as being a public depository institution and its illiquid situation, the case presents a fraud within the Group. In this regard, the paper is considered to be an exemplary case for the accounting literature. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyses one of the Group Company’s audit reports for the years 2003 and 2004 and explains the type of frauds committed by the Company’s management. The study approximates the total US dollar figures that were inappropriately transferred to the other Group’s companies in 2003. Findings The study examines the real case and discusses the reasons that led to the Group’s bankruptcy. Lack of governmental controls may lead to bankruptcy of banks that have been abused by its owners by transferring loans to other group companies exceeding the legal limits observable by the banks. Practical implications Auditors, accountants and accounting lecturers, as well as professors, talk about fraudulent accounting practices. The study explains a specific accounting fraud case in a group of companies. It explores the type of inter-company money transfers without a valid base. The author is of the opinion that readers with an accounting background will benefit from reading the case. Social implications Economics is the study of allocation of scarce resources to the best use. Public’s savings must be directed to the companies that produce the value added to the society. On the other hand fraudulent money transfers within the group companies involving bank(s) may distort this allocation. Public money-deposits might be wasted by dishonest business owners. The study is aimed to disseminate this information to public in general. Originality/value The case study has been built on a real audit report from Turkey. The names and the locations of the companies have been changed, and the figures have been approximated in US dollar terms. The events and findings on the audit reports have not been changed, and each fraudulent event has been individually discussed.
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Sarhindi, Irfan Latifulloh. "Symbolic Violence in Indonesian Society." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 1, no. 1 (November 13, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707.
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Islam is by far the largest religion in Indonesia, and given the size of Indonesia’s population and the massive percentage of which follow identify as Muslim, Indonesia becomes the biggest Muslim majority country. In the light of this reality, Islam becomes the society’s dominant role of conduct. As to be predicted in such system, a social hierarchy has developed in which Indonesian Muslims enjoy the most privileges. Such a situation has created a fertile ground for the possible use of what Pierre Bourdieu’s call ‘symbolic violence’. As a consequence, there is a tendency for the minor group of Indonesian people to be marginalized. Sadly, this seems to be exacerbated by the rise of Islamic conservativism and radicalisation in post-1998 Indonesia. That says, their lack of capability in recognizing minority’s rights often leads to religious intolerance. Considerably, as to solve such a situation, widening perspective as well as strengthening inter-group and inter-religion dialogue is required.
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Abidin, Zaenal. "MAJLIS TA’LIM (ISLAMIC FORUM) AND HARMONIZING INTER FAITH COMMUNICATION." INJECT (Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication) 4, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/inject.v4i1.115-136.
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The process of growing multiculturalism and tolerance values among religious followers to the community in Indonesia can be done through religious lectures in majlis ta’lim (Islamic forum) in mosques, houses, meeting halls, etc. The lectures delivered were concerned about democracy, justice and law, cultural values and ethos, equality in differences, ethnicity, religious beliefs, cultural expressions, private and public domains, human rights, community cultural rights, and other relevant concepts. In this case, majlis ta’lim (Islamic forum) can be seen as a solution of growing the seeds of democracy, tolerance and multiculturalism for the harmonization among religious groups Indonesia. Majlis Ta’lim (Islamic forum) is a great potential since it can create a harmonious and free from radical values country, and able to reduce issues of SARA (ethnicity, religion, ancestry, and group of people), which are often raised from the institutionalization of community. Good understanding of democracy, tolerance and multiculturalism are aligned with the Islamic values.
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Kumala Dewi, Putu Ratih. "The Use of Multitrack Diplomacy in The Liberation Of 10 Indonesian Ship Crew From The Abu Sayyaf Group 2016." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 8, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.8.2.186-200.2019.
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Indonesia was again shocked by the events of ship hijacking and hostage-taking of 10 Indonesian ship crew by the Abu Sayyaf separatist group in the Southern Philippines. This is not the first time for Indonesia where its citizens are held hostage by separatists, but the success of the Indonesian government in releasing hostages from Abu Sayyaf's group is interesting to discuss because 10 Indonesian ship crew members who were hostages were able to be released less than 3 months after the hijacking, without ransom and without firing contact. So the question arises as to how Indonesia’s diplomacy strategy is in the release of 10 Indonesian ship crew from the Abu Sayyaf group? In answering the above questions, the writer used the concept of diplomacy, multi-track diplomacy, and peacemaking. The results of this study are the diplomacy strategy used by Indonesia is Total Diplomacy where in addition to running the first track diplomacy also runs second track diplomacy involving track two (non-governmental and professional actors) and track four (civilian population). Keywords: Indonesian Diplomacy, Abu Sayyaf, Multi-Track Diplomacy, Total Diplomacy
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Chukwuemeka, Emma, and Alexander Aniche. "Perennial War between the three tiers of Government in Nigeria: The Revenue Sharing Question Re-examined." Issues in Social Science 4, no. 2 (December 22, 2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/iss.v4i2.10491.
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<p>The relation between the three tiers of government in Nigeria has been problematic over the years. Several commissions and committees have been set and recommendations proffered, but up till today there is still fiscal conflict among the tiers of government. The local government being the third tier of government is the worst hit and this has resulted to inability of the local government to carry out its statutory functions effectively. It is in view of this that this study examined inter-governmental relation and the performance of local government in Nigeria. The study adopted survey design, specifically descriptive research was adopted. Data was collected using questionnaire, focus group discussion. Secondary data was generated from government records and Central Bank of Nigeria. The findings revealed among other things that inter-governmental relation has to an extent helped to reduce tension among the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Also the imperfection of 1999 constitution has hampered fiscal relation in the three tiers of government in Nigeria. The study recommended among other things that effort should be made to ensure that all tiers of government adhere to fiscal transparency, accountability and constitutional provisions on fiscal relations.</p>
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Гундлах, В., Violetta Gundlah, А. Вайтенс, and Andrey Vaytens. "MODERN FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF LOCAL URBAN REGULATION OF THE RIVERINE TERRITORIES." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 4, no. 4 (April 25, 2019): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/article_5cb1e65a475b16.88067977.
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At present, the problems of local urban regulation of the riverine territories are becoming increasingly relevant for Russian Federation. The article describes the main issues of organization the local self-government in Russia. The modern foreign experience of local urban regulation of the riverine territories in Sweden, Denmark, Germany, France, Belgium (Walloon region, Flemish region and Brussels-Capital Region), the Netherlands and Poland are studied. Possible options for such regulation are described: governmental organizations, community projects, local development strategies. Strategies are carried out through the formulation and development of ideas at the local level and the filing an application in search of cooperation with the municipality and private business. Options for local participation in the development of riverine areas are considered. An example is given of the “Leader” method based on cooperation of the state, public, private and non-profit sectors, which form a local development group, a local action group for the development of territories along the river Göta älv in Sweden. Municipal strategy of landscape interests in the city and around the city of Aalborg (Denmark) is analyzed. A brief description is given to the Weser River Basin Community (The Flussgebietsgemeinschaft Weser (FGG Weser)) in Germany. Examples of existing inter-municipal non-governmental projects in Poland and activities aimed at unlocking the tourist and cultural potential of riverine areas of Vistula river are studied. Conclusions on the possibility of forming a single inter-municipal authority that will coordinate the development of the riverine territories are drawn.
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Muchdie, Muchdie, and Muhammad Handry Imansyah. "Inter-Sector and Inter-Country Linkages in Indonesian Economy: World Input-Output Analysis." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 20, no. 2 (January 9, 2020): 232–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v20i2.9057.
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Results of analysis on inter-sector and inter-country linkages in Indonesian economy using world input-output data for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014 are provided in this paper. The model was aggregated into 30 sectors and 8 countries. Inter-sector linkages are analyzed using forward and backward effect indices, and then sectors were grouped into 4 groups. Meanwhile inter-county linkage is analyzed is spill-over and feed-back effects. The results showed that firstly, number of sectors include in Group-1, namely key sectors with strong forward and backward linkages: two sectors in year 2000, one sector in year 2005, 8 sectors in year 2010 and 2014. Secondly, spill-over effects were significantly importance in Indonesia economy, as around 20 per cent of multipliers occurred in other countries: 19.74 per cent in year 2000; 20.25per cent in year 2005; 18.19 per cent in year 2010 and20.64 per cent in year 2014. Only small feed-back effects are in Indonesian economy; in average 0.12 per cent in year 2000; 0.14 per cent in year 2005; 0.15 per cent in year 2010 and 0.15 per cent in year 2014. Finally, ignoring inter-country feed-back could be misleading as error created was significant.
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Schultz, Majken. "Transitions between Symbolic Domains in Organizations." Organization Studies 12, no. 4 (October 1991): 489–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/017084069101200402.
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Different work settings in a governmental organization are socially defined as symbolic domains. Each domain represents distinct ways of framing and inter preting talk and action. Members of the organization must be able to keep all symbolic domains in mind and switch back and forth between them, as they cross different work settings. The paper claims that rites of transition facilitate switches between symbolic domains directing the entry to and the exit from symbolic domains. The social definitions of symbolic domains and the transitions between them are analyzed on the basis of a study of the interaction between a group of managers and the political minister.
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Diprose, Rachael. "Inequalities and Indirect Con?ict Interventions: The Evidence on Perceptions of Difference, Social Cohesion, and Sub-national Variations in Violence in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities 2 (December 4, 2018): 95–147. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jissh.v2i0.22.
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This paper examines the empirical evidence on social cohesion and perceived horizontal inequalities in two neighbouring districts in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Despite having similar sized groups (religiously polarised, ethnically fragmented) and the opportunity to mobilise during the national political transition beginning in 1998, only one of the districts had serious violence. First, the evidence suggests that such violence was linked to perceived horizontal inequalities in terms of access to the state, particularly in terms of religious identity in the district affected by con?ict. In the same district, there was also evidence of weaker social cohesion: there were more pervasive negative stereotypes of other groups along religious lines, and the least inter-religious mixing in terms of everyday interaction and friendships. These attitudes and less frequent mixing were more likely, too, among the group that was initially marginalised from the state when power-sharing arrangements broke down. Meanwhile, in the district with less violence, there was more frequent inter-religious group mixing overall but particularly on the part of the group that did not dominate the state. That is, frequent inter-religious group mixing and the absence of negative attitudes on the part of this group towards others may have signalled that it was not a viable group to be mobilised for political gain. Instead, in this more peaceful district, ethnic identity was the more salient form of political capital, but demographically the district is ethnically fragmented. Inter-ethnic rather than religious mixing was less frequent in this district, but it was worst among the dominant political group along religious and ethnic lines. Yet, the negative attitudes and stronger in-group (rather than out-group) bonds between members of the dominant political group did not translate into violent con?ict because there were minimal challenges to their power during the transition. Finally, the evidence suggests that the associational membership of mixedethnic or religious organisations is less likely to explain violence prevention, given that membership of such organisations was greater in the con?ict-affected district. The evidence overall suggests that demographic divides are not always an indicator of political divides and the propensity for con?ict, but rather this is related to the politics of exclusion. Furthermore, it indicates that to some extent increased crossgroup contact can act as an indirect con?ict intervention mechanism.
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Lennon, Shirley Evelyn, Adriana María Ramírez Aramburo, Eliana Maritza Morales Garzón, María Adelaida Arboleda, Andrés Fandiño-Losada, Sara Gabriela Pacichana-Quinayaz, Gloria Inés Rodas Muñoz, and María Isabel Gutiérrez-Martínez. "A qualitative study on factors associated with intimate partner violence in Colombia." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 26, no. 9 (September 2021): 4205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021269.21092020.
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Abstract Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a human rights violation and a serious global public health problem. This study investigated factors associated with IPV in female survivors in Colombia. Four focus group discussions with female survivors of IPV and 15 key informant interviews with professionals from psychological, social and legal services and community leaders were conducted in Cali and Tuluá. Participant recruitment was via purposive sampling. Transcripts were analysed manually taking a social constructivist standpoint and a content analysis approach. Factors associated with IPV were divided into four themes: cultural beliefs, jealousy, alcohol abuse, and personal history of IPV. The first theme was divided into: patriarchy, gender roles, normalisation of violence, and unawareness of rights, economic dependence, and ‘men own women’. The sub-themes were all inter-related and underpinned by patriarchal values. IPV was described as a sociocultural construction formed by patriarchal values ingrained in community and societal norms and individual processes. Therefore, academia, governmental and non-governmental bodies and society are urged to together, create preventative, context specific strategies for individuals, communities and societies.
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Saepullah, Usep. "The Inter-Religious Marriage in Islamic and Indonesian Law Perspective." Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 7, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v7i1.317.
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The phenomenon of inter-religious marriage is problematic, controversial, and resulted debate among Muslim and non-Muslim relationship in Indonesia. It also not only becomes the social conflict among Muslim and non-Muslim couples, but also pro and contra among the others such as family and society. In the classical Islamic marriage law discourse (fiqh al-munakahat), there are two kinds of inter-religious marriage, namely marriage between Muslim men with non-Muslim women and marriage between non-Muslim men with Muslim women. Some Muslim scholars said that Muslim men allowed marrying non-Muslim women and non-Muslim men prohibited marrying Muslim women, which the reason is based on the concept of polytheists and the group of experts (Kitabiyyah). In contrast, some Muslim scholars in Indonesia rejected inter-religious marriage based on the reason that it has been changed and regulated under Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974 and President Regulation Number 1 of 1991 on Islamic Law Compilation. One the one hand, the phenomenon of inter-religious marriage is an interesting phenomenon in the society and on the other hand it will become the legal implication to the inheritance and children care rights in Islamic and Indonesian law perspective. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine comprehensively about the legal status of inter-religious marriage in Islamic and Indonesian law perspective, including its legal implication to the inheritance and children care rights.
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Wildayana, Elisa, Mustika Edi Armanto, Zulkifli Idrus, Iwan Adi Radiatmoko, Syuhada Adjiz Umar, Bella Syakina, Nursittah, Mubarika, Reszki Oktavia, and Eka Sari. "Surviving Strategies of Rural Livelihoods in South Sumatra Farming System, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186802001.
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The research aimed to analyze surviving strategies of rural livelihoods in South Sumatra farming system, Indonesia. The research was conducted in in January to April 2018 using the field survey, respondents were divided into two categories, namely the respondents for Analytical Hierarchy Process and Participatory Rural Appraisal. The collected data were analyzed to determine the significance at the level of 5%. The research resulted that the very poor and poor households focused on primary aspects (food and drink), while moderate and rich households emphasized on the fulfillment of social needs. Household income was different for each household rank and different at the 5% test level. Rich households earned income from various sources, such as on-farm (farming, plantation, livestock, fishery etc.) and off-farm, while very poor and poor households focused only on-farm income. All income sources were significantly different for each group households ranks. Surviving household can be done with three strategies, namely income-generating strategy; expenditure-reducing strategy; and migration. It is needed an Governmental intervention to help the very poor and poor households in their poverty alleviation, i.e. providing direct cash fund; involving in government projects; and making public policy in favor of these groups.
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Carnegie, Michelle. "Sailing-Trading Livelihoods in Southeastern Indonesia: Adapting to Change." Asian Journal of Social Science 41, no. 6 (February 12, 2014): 543–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-12341330.
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Abstract Sailing-trading livelihoods in southeastern Indonesia have undergone significant change during the later half of the twentieth century and into the twenty-first century. This study identifies how geopolitical, economic, legal and technological drivers of change shape sailing-trading livelihoods. Using an integrated approach, it shows how these macro-level drivers articulate with sailor-traders’ individual and group-based responses at the local level. The findings highlight that over the study period, small-scale inter-island trading within Indonesia’s borders became increasingly competitive and monopolised. In response, sailor-traders strategically adopted new opportunities that involve international border crossings, including to Australia to harvest sea cucumber, transport asylum seekers and undertake work while serving prison terms. The concluding remarks are that while aspects of contemporary sailing-trading livelihoods are temporal and unsustainable, the overall ebb and flow of livelihoods reflects a broader pattern of adaptive responses amidst ongoing change.
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Henin, Bernard. "How Do We End Sex-trafficking? A Day in the Life of Two Social Workers." ANTYAJAA: Indian Journal of Women and Social Change 4, no. 2 (December 2019): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455632719893772.
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This photo essay captures the grassroots work of Indian non-governmental organisation (NGO), Apne Aap Women Worldwide, to end sex-trafficking, in a nomadic community outside Delhi, where prostitution is passed down from mother-in-law to daughter-in-law. Young women are pushed into prostitution, after the birth of their first son. Their husbands and fathers-in-law are often the pimps. This nomadic group called the Perans and Saperas were labelled as Criminal Tribes under British colonialism and forced to give up their livelihood of making and selling dairy products, meat and indigenous medicine. Apne Aap social workers recruit girls to go to school, help them with homework, and try and make them stay in school, to break the cycle of inter-generational prostitution.
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Arista, Bella, and Abhirama S. Perdana. "BUKALAPAK AND THE REPRESENTATION OF THE CHINESE ETHNIC IN THEIR ‘BU LINDA’ ADVERTISEMENT." ICCD 1, no. 1 (November 21, 2018): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33068/iccd.v1i1.6.
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Indonesia is a diverse country of tribe and culture, where differences can sometimes lead to pros and cons in the society. Media representatives should continue to describe each ethnicity in Indonesia by upholding good values, traditions, and social roles in society. Media today needs to be shifted to describe a particular ethnic/ethnic group in a more convenient way without eroding social norms, cultures, and beliefs in the society. Bukalapak's advertisement, entitled "Bu Linda", reflects the other side of a Chinese descendant in Indonesia and also reflects on the idea of inter-ethnic harmony, this study analyses Bukalapak's advertisement with the title "Bu Linda" using Critical Public Relations Analysis with Visual Grammar from the Social Semiotics Approach. The purpose of this study is to explore how Bukalapak represent the Chinese descendants in Indonesia through its advertisement.
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Amelia, Tiara, Hadi Pratomo, Asri C. Adisasmita, Evi Martha, Yeni Rustina, Ade Iva Murty, Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Eviana S. Tambunan, and Indah Jamiatun Hasanah. "Feasibility of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) Implementation in Depok City, Indonesia." Global Pediatric Health 8 (January 2021): 2333794X2110123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x211012390.
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Background: The infant and neonatal mortality rate in Depok City is still high, with low birth weight (LBW) and premature births being one of the main causes. In 2018, 14 out of 41 cases of early neonatal death were due to LBW. Studies show that Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) can prevent or reduce LBW deaths caused by hypothermia, but the implementation is still not evenly distributed. Objective: Describe KMC feasibility as a supporting material for a KMC policy umbrella at Depok City. Method: Qualitative research was conducted with a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) design. A total of 56 informants were divided into 8 discussion groups, 7 in-depth interviews and 2 Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The types of informants were families and inter-sectoral officers. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: KMC implementation feasibility in Depok City in terms of facilities and infrastructure was still limited and the quality was insufficient. The number of human resources was still limited, and the competency was still not evenly distributed. LBW family readiness can be maintained if provided with complete and accurate knowledge; therefore, a strong commitment may develop to continue KMC at home. The potential sources of KMC financing are found at health facilities and inter-sectoral; however, to use it, a legal umbrella at the city district level is necessary. Conclusions: The factors of potential financing sources need to be followed up into a priority. This is to overcome the constraints of KMC feasibility implementation.
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van Liere, Lucien. "Gestures of the Evil Mind: Interpreting Religion-Related Violence in Indonesia after 9/11." Exchange 38, no. 3 (2009): 244–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254309x449728.
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AbstractReligion-related violence in current Indonesia results from historic memory of anti-colonial struggle, recent power games and globalization. This articles seeks to understand the influence of 9/11 on inter- and intra religious tensions Indonesia. A three level research method will be used (narrative/biography — date/place — theory) and three analytical tools to understand group-violence will be introduced (Volkan's hot place, Girard's cycle of vengeance and strategies of dehumanization) in order to comprehend religion-related violence in Indonesia as an attempt to get rid of the other's 'evil mind'. The presumption of the evil mind after 9/11 is embedded into a global network of vengeance, continually disseminating images of suffering and pain around the globe and — as such — constantly preceding another atrocity. Religion-related violence, troubling Indonesia since 1997, is a highly interesting example of the expulsion of the other's presumed evil mind.
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Dobbin, Christine. "VIII. From Middleman Minorities to Industrial Entrepreneurs: The Chinese in Java and the Parsis in Western India 1619–1939." Itinerario 13, no. 1 (March 1989): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300004198.
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A marked feature of the business and industrial élites of post-colonial India and Indonesia is the dominance within them of minority communities. An Indian government commission in 1965 reported that, of the top 75 business houses which controlled almost half of the non-governmental, non-banking assets in the country, Marwari houses occupied the apex with control of Rs 7.5 billion in assets, followed by the Parsis with Rs 4.7 billion and Gujaratis with Rs 3.8 billion. By 1980 the Parsi Tata group represented the largest industrial house in India, followed by the Marwari Birlas. In Indonesia it is the Chinese who overwhelmingly comprise the business and industrial ĺite. Despite problems with quantifiable data, it has been assessed that the Chinese own, at the very least, 70–75% of Indonesia's private domestic capital and that Chinese business conglomerates such as the Liem and Astra groups dominate medium and large-scale corporate capital.
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Adam, Sumarlin, Pattaling Pattaling, Sumarni Sumai, and Muhammad Obie. "Inter-Stakeholders Communication in the Implementation of Village Fund Programs: An Experience in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia." Journal of Management and Sustainability 9, no. 1 (May 10, 2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v9n1p132.
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This study analyzed the patterns and models of communication that occur among stakeholders in the implementation of village fund programs; communication barriers that occur; and the implementation of the village fund programs itself with the communication patterns and obstacles that occurs. Data collection was done through non-participatory observation, in-depth interviews, focused group discussion, and literature review. The results showed that stakeholders in the implementation of village fund programs carry out formal and non-formal communication patterns. The communication model found was both linear and convergent models. The communication barriers could occur in communication from top to bottom, the bottom up, horizontally, and diagonally. There are various types of communication barriers that occur in implementing village funds, namely: personal, cultural, physical, and environmental barriers. The implementation of village funds requires the village community to act as the subject of development, thus requiring the participation of all village communities, starting from the stages of planning, implementation, monitoring, to preservation.
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Taufik, Taufik. "Ethnocultural Empathy in A Pluralistic Society: Inter-ethnic Relationships of Javanese and Chinese Children in Surakarta." Open Psychology Journal 12, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874350101912010095.
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Objective:The present qualitative research described the ethnocultural empathy existing between Javanese and Chinese children in a pluralistic population.Materials and Methods:Data was collected using focus group discussions and oral interviews. Sixteen students (boys and girls) of multi-ethnic schools in Surakarta of Indonesia participated in the present study.Results:Results indicated that (1) participants acknowledged that they had to feel what other people felt, and it is the beginning of ethnocultural empathy; (2) participants who had interaction-experiences with those from different backgrounds seemed to have high levels of ethnocultural empathy; and (3) at school, both ethnic groups were taught to respect each other’s culture.Conclusion:The present study indicated that empathy had a strategic role in building social strength. Using empathy, each group understood and felt conditions of other groups.
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Setiawan, Irma. "Relation of Sasak and Samawa Language: Diachronic Study in The Language Kinship of an Ethnic Group in Indonesia." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture 3, no. 5 (September 28, 2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v3i5.548.
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The language variation of a tribe in Indonesia has directly reflected language diversity and accent in its speech community. However, inter-tribal language diversity does not mean that it does not have a language closeness relationship. Thus, in this study, the problems examined is the identification of the relation of the language of Sasak ethnic group and Samawa ethnic group. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to describe the language kinship (similarity) of Sasak language and Samawa language. In addition, language kinship can create a sense of language solidarity in order to strengthen the unity among the various ethnic groups in Indonesia. The collected data was obtained by employing method consisting of an interview with its basic technique and derivatives, observation (based on Swades vocabulary), and documentation. Sources of data were obtained from speakers of Sasak language and Samawa language who were communicating. The collected data were analyzed by combination method namely descriptive qualitative and quantitative. This combination was employed to describe the research in systematic, categorized, patterned, and dialectometry. Data are presented formally and informally. In the end, this study discovers the relation or relativity of variations of the two ethnic languages that will strengthen the value of togetherness and tribal unity in Indonesia.
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Raniga, Tanusha, Barbara Simpson, and Ntokozo Mthembu. "CHALLENGES TO BUILDING AUTHENTIC PARTNERSHIPS: LESSONS FROM BHAMBAYI, KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA." Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 26, no. 2 (March 2, 2017): 124–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2415-5829/2186.
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In contemporary South Africa, partnerships between service providers in government, non-governmental organisations, the private sector and community based organisations have been identified as a means to strengthen communities and the sustainability of social services. However, the unequal power relations that exists between and within these organisations often leads to fragmentation, duplication, and lack of coordination of social services. Using Fowler’s (1998) conceptualisation of authentic partnerships, this qualitative phase of a larger study explored the challenges of building authentic partnerships in Bhambayi, a predominantly informal settlement in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Individual interviews and a focus group held with nine service providers revealed that intraorganisational challenges, cross-boundary and inter-organisational relations as well as political influences were obstacles to the development of authentic partnerships. The article suggests that open communication, clarity of roles and mutual trust between service providers is vital.
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Riani, Novya Zulva, Werry Darta Taifur, Elfin dri, and Fajri Muharja. "Gender Bias in Intergenerational Transfer Patterns: Focusing on a Patrilineal and a Matrilineal Ethnic Group in Indonesia." Webology 18, Special Issue 03 (April 29, 2021): 160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si03/web18032.
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Gender was expected to strongly influence intergenerational transfers, especially in the country that has a multi-ethnic population. In this paper, we propose a new approach of intergenerational transfers pattern based on gender by using the raw data from Indonesia Family Life Surveys of 2014, with a total sample of 4179 households. Indonesia became an object of study because it has a multi-ethnic population and embraced the dual system, matrilineal and patrilineal kinship. This research aims to analyze the gender bias in the pattern of intergenerational transfers. The empirical model consists of four logistic regression equation, the dependent variable is the pattern of inter-generational transfers based on the direction and type of transfers. Our Econometric model estimation confirmed that the kinship system adopted by the family did not influence the decision to intergenerational transfers. Further results suggest that gender bias occurs only in the intergenerational transfers of money where daughters will receive more money than sons. These findings showed that women had a high financial dependency on their parents. The implication of it, improving the quality of women needs to be done to push them out of a liquidity constraint.
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Elfina, Susy, Anh Dung, and Bitch Cay Dao. "Education Profile of Children in Families Post-Eruption of Sinabung in the Karo Regency, Indonesia." Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education 2, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/sjdgge.v2i1.133.
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The eruption of Mount Sinabung causes damage and loss, especially in education. Education was blocked that caused by the factors of parents and children themselves who are responsible for the development and education of children as a matter of education in the family and also the problem of the continuity of the child's learning. This research was descriptive research that uses the method of field observation, interview, and documentation. The main instrument that uses in the field of collecting the data was a questionnaire. The subject of this research were students and parents at SMA N 1 Simpang Empat. From the research, the presence of children in the family educational issues such as sources of funds (for the continuity of children's learning), and Problems Psychologist Parents (Post-eruption of Mount Sinabung) and also there is that there were some problem that Against Child Survival Learning These include: limited transportation, finance, atmosphere learning and time. As for overcoming this issue either from the government itself as scholarships for school children, as well as from the non-governmental donations from individual or group of people.
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Fernando, Joshua, Meta Sya, and Rustono Farady Marta. "Amalgamation as a Strengthening Ethic." MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 35, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v35i2.4863.
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Mixed Marriage or Amalgamation is a unique reality in the development of culture in Indonesia. In the midst of ethnic diversity in Indonesia, it is possible for amalgamation to occur, so that understanding one another is a condition for harmony. This study aims to discover how individuals' social identities are formed in the primary group, that is in families who do amalgamation and how are individuals' social identity in amalgamation pairs. This study uses a qualitative exploratory research method with phenomenological studies from the perspective of Tajfel & Turner's Social Identity theory. The results of this study are the symbols of Tong Ngin Fan Ngin Jit Jong in Bangka community as the principle of inter-ethnic equality of the individual's social identity in mixed marriages, while the act of losing personal identity as a member of one ethnic group (depersonalization) is occurred in the West Kalimantan due to conflict background ethnicity past.
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Wisnu Wardhani, Adipta. "PERAN YPKP SEBAGAI KELOMPOK KEPENTINGAN (INTEREST GROUP) DALAM MEMERJUANGKAN HAK HAK KORBAN PERISTIWA G30S (Studi Kasus Aktivitas YPKP di Kabupaten Pati)." Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 8, no. 1 (October 25, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/politika.8.1.2017.113-121.
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Indonesia is one of the countries that embraced democracy in system administration. Indonesia has proved it by holding presidential and vice presidential election directly. Besides the Indonesian people freely organizing meetings and talking freely to express opinions, criticism, or even overseeing the governance system. Freedom of religion is a manifestation of the democratic state.The dynamics of the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) was born along with the birth of a new order of the early 1970s. The birth of this order to the economic development paradigm and focusing on economic growth, had an impact on short-term plans, medium and long-national development, which is implemented in the five year plan. NGO as a partner of government to accelerate the process of national development in all fields.This research will be directed to find out how YPKP activity as well as how the interaction / relationship dynamics YPKP with the Government. Murder Victims Research Foundation 1965/1966 (YPKP 65) is the organization's first victim in Indonesia fighting for the enforcement of human rights on Human Tragedy 1965/1966. YPKP 65 judging cases of crimes against humanity 1965/1966 has not been seriously considered in law and politics of the country. During the 12 years of reform, none of the political elite, both in Parliament and in the executive, even in the judiciary investigate cases in 1965.After analysis, it appears that YPKP 65 Pati Regency consolidate internally and externally by holding regular meetings so that the communication that exists among members of intertwined smoothly, as did the communications against similar organizations lainnya.YPKP 65 Pati regency using communication media / communication channels that are electronically for obtain information related to the organization's objectives. There was also the dynamics between YPKP with another NGO. Keywords: Role, Interest Groups, Dynamics.
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Ward, Angela. "“Collective Amnesia” of Europe v. Engagement with Asia: Forging a Middle Path for Australia in the Age of Regionalism." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 3 (2000): 499–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802859097.
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“A country at odds with its region will be a defensive, anxious society, and one which is likely to be dependent on heavy defence expenditure. It will be a country, too, that will be unable to exploit fully its commercial and other potential”“… the collective amnesia concerning Europe in otherwise well-informed circles in Australia is a debilitating disease. It creates a lethargy where there is opportunity. It is blind to potential difficulties. It squanders a still-important reservoir of good will. Above all, it is a denial of identity. No group can be free until it recognises and comes to terms with its past, whether it likes it or not”.These two quotations, which appeared in articles published only twelve years apart, illustrate the complexity of contemporary challenges facing Australia’s international relations policy makers. It addresses the riddle of how to posit a still dominantly (ethnically and culturally speaking) European society, but one, which is located geographically nearer Asia, within the intricate web of inter-state intercourse which has become a hallmark of the modern world. The dilemma is, of course, far from new, but it has taken on enhanced proportions with the rise of regionalism, and the dissection of the planet into inter-governmental blocks.
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Ward, Angela. "“Collective Amnesia” of Europe v. Engagement with Asia: Forging a Middle Path for Australia in the Age of Regionalism." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 3 (2000): 499–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000003906.
Full textAbstract:
“A country at odds with its region will be a defensive, anxious society, and one which is likely to be dependent on heavy defence expenditure. It will be a country, too, that will be unable to exploit fully its commercial and other potential” “… the collective amnesia concerning Europe in otherwise well-informed circles in Australia is a debilitating disease. It creates a lethargy where there is opportunity. It is blind to potential difficulties. It squanders a still-important reservoir of good will. Above all, it is a denial of identity. No group can be free until it recognises and comes to terms with its past, whether it likes it or not”. These two quotations, which appeared in articles published only twelve years apart, illustrate the complexity of contemporary challenges facing Australia’s international relations policy makers. It addresses the riddle of how to posit a still dominantly (ethnically and culturally speaking) European society, but one, which is located geographically nearer Asia, within the intricate web of inter-state intercourse which has become a hallmark of the modern world. The dilemma is, of course, far from new, but it has taken on enhanced proportions with the rise of regionalism, and the dissection of the planet into inter-governmental blocks.
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Richey, M. W. "The Separation of Traffic at Sea." Journal of Navigation 50, no. 3 (September 1997): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346330001897x.
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This report was first published in the Journal in 1966 (Vol. 19, p. 411). In its reprinted form it has been abridged by omitting detailed recommendations for the establishment of separation areas and recommended routes in the Baltic, the North Sea, the Dover Strait, and the English Channel to Gibraltar. These recommendations were included in the original section 7. The report is followed by comments from Norman Cockcroft.In 1961 the Institutes of Navigation in Great Britain and France, with the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Ortung und Navigation, formed a representative Working Group to go into the question of regulating traffic in converging areas at sea with particular reference to the Dover Strait. The Group's Report, which was published in October 1962, made certain proposals for routing traffic in the area which were accepted, in April 1964, by the Maritime Safety Committee of the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization.
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Khamdan, Moh, and W. Wiharyani. "Islam Nusantara in Political Contestation Identity Religion in Indonesia." ADDIN 12, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/addin.v12i2.4774.
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<p>The relationship between the religion represented by Islam and the State that is represented by the democratic political system continues remain to be a problem. Ideological debates that Islamic law should be implemented and escorted through Islamic countries experiencing resistance against groups who argued that Islam is a substance that is in compliance with democracy. Religious ideology has often been a motivation to justify the struggle through the violence that has been done. Strengthening of violence in the name of religion is regarded as a form of struggle for bottomic beliefs and religious form in kaffah. Nationalism of Islamic religion Leaders by receiving Pancasila as the Indonesian ideology its been a moderate wisdom that has taken to maintain the unity of Indonesia, while keeping the existence of religions living. The relationship of religion and the State by Islamic religion Leaders of Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) considered as a mutual-connection with maintaining Indonesian nationalism without discriminating treatment of religions, tribes, and inter-group relations is face Islam Nusantara in Indonesia. Politics as the source of radicalism muted by NU leaders with a fatwa that receiving of Pancasila both as the nations foundation and as a spirit of Islam Nusantara. This research uses psychology politics theory and the theory of social identity’s approach that analyzing potential radicalism in society.</p>
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Hageman, Amy M., and Donna Bobek Schmitt. "Institutional and Political Antecedents of Interjurisdictional Tax Harmonization: Lessons from Three States." Accounting and the Public Interest 14, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/apin-50872.
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ABSTRACT: Within the United States, the current sales and use tax (SUT) system is riddled with complexity, in part because of the lack of coordination between jurisdictions. One vehicle of cooperative state action is the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement (SSUTA). This study employs an in-depth qualitative analysis of three states to examine the institutional and political influences on a state's decision to adopt legislation conforming to the provisions of this interjurisdictional tax agreement, and the political strategies and tactics used by supporting and opposing interest groups. Relying on interest group theory and institutional theory, case study results indicate that governmental interest groups, rather than businesses, play an important role in the adoption of inter-jurisdictional tax policy changes. The presence of strong institutional entrepreneurs and normative pressures to adopt are also critical. These findings have significant implications for jurisdictions that seek to adopt a consolidated tax base across member states, including the SSUTA, as well as potential harmonization attempts by the European Union.