Journal articles: 'Interactant'

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Hasan, Ruqaiya. "Tenor." Language, Context and Text 2, no. 2 (2020): 213–333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/langct.00029.has.

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Abstract This paper presents work-in-progress on the contextual variable tenor, here reconceptualised as ‘interactant relations’ in order to explore a radically different view of the relations of the interactants to the text in context. The functions of speaker/addressee are the starting point of an exploration of interactant relations because they represent the only features with the capacity to manage a text’s processes. This view implies that speaker/addressee have the capacity to internalise communal conventions, which places them at the centre of the language process. Implications of the results of the exploration for the classification of register are proposed. The paper’s methodology extends previous work on contextual networks (see especially Hasan 2001a, 2009b, 2014, 2016).i

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Remmert, Kirsten, Thomas E. Olszewski, M. Blair Bowers, Mariana Dimitrova, Ann Ginsburg, and John A. Hammer. "CARMIL Is aBona FideCapping Protein Interactant." Journal of Biological Chemistry 279, no. 4 (2003): 3068–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m308829200.

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Saltz, Julia B. "Genetic composition of social groups influences male aggressive behaviour and fitness in natural genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1771 (2013): 20131926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1926.

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Indirect genetic effects (IGEs) describe how an individual's behaviour—which is influenced by his or her genotype—can affect the behaviours of interacting individuals. IGE research has focused on dyads. However, insights from social networks research, and other studies of group behaviour, suggest that dyadic interactions are affected by the behaviour of other individuals in the group. To extend IGE inferences to groups of three or more, IGEs must be considered from a group perspective. Here, I introduce the ‘focal interaction’ approach to study IGEs in groups. I illustrate the utility of this approach by studying aggression among natural genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster. I chose two natural genotypes as ‘focal interactants’: the behavioural interaction between them was the ‘focal interaction’. One male from each focal interactant genotype was present in every group, and I varied the genotype of the third male—the ‘treatment male’. Genetic variation in the treatment male's aggressive behaviour influenced the focal interaction, demonstrating that IGEs in groups are not a straightforward extension of IGEs measured in dyads. Further, the focal interaction influenced male mating success, illustrating the role of IGEs in behavioural evolution. These results represent the first manipulative evidence for IGEs at the group level.

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Obana, Yasuko. "Speech level shifts in Japanese." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 26, no. 2 (2016): 247–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.26.2.04oba.

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The present paper analyses speech level shifts in Japanese from a different perspective. By applying Symbolic InteractionistRole Theory, speech level shifts are categorised as the linguistic realisation of aninteractional role, or ‘dissociative role’ Icall in this paper. Dissociative roles are improvised identities, which occur when the speaker perceives a psychological change in relation to the other participant in the on-going interaction. Plus-level shifts (shifts from plain to polite forms, masu/desu) are triggered when the speaker experiences cautious, attentive, thoughtful and/or grateful feelings at a certaintime of interaction, which conforms to the original nature of honorifics. This prompts a dissociative role which creates a certain psychological distance between this role and the other interactant. On the other hand, minus-level shifts (shifts from masu/desu forms to plain forms) are the implementation of the speaker’s another dissociative role, which is assimilated with the other interactant, giving rise to empathy or drawing the other into the speaker’s world. Whether plus or minus level shifts occur, the interactants’social roles, i.e.,their original roles when the situation is defined, continue to exist throughout the discourse. The interactants are fully aware of their social roles such as teacher and student, friends, family members, and senior and junior in company(= Institutional Roles in this paper). However, when an Improvised Role is created, it is forwarded to the on-going interaction and linguistically implemented as a speech level shift.This paper also clarifies that both speech level shifts and the so-called ‘conventional’honorifics are situationally determined, and that they are not separate entities but the two ends of continuum by examining the features they share from the viewpoint of ‘roles’.

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Halualani, Rona Tamiko. "Interactant-Based Definitions of Intercultural Interaction at a Multicultural University." Howard Journal of Communications 21, no. 3 (2010): 247–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10646175.2010.496666.

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Dzieweczynski, Teresa L., Nicole E. Greaney, Kelley B. Portrais, and Megan A. Stevens. "I remember you: female Siamese fighting fish recognise prior social partners." Behaviour 154, no. 1 (2017): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003409.

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Recognising social partners allows individuals to establish social networks with one another, informs mating decisions, and decreases energy expenditure. Studies rarely examine if females have this ability outside of mate choice. Additionally, it is unknown if familiarity differs when females encounter females versus males. Female Siamese fighting fish were placed into one of six treatment groups that differed based on the sex of the interactant (female or male) and experience (familiar, unfamiliar or no previous exposure). In both female–female and female–male interactions, less behaviour was performed towards familiar individuals. However, the degree to which familiarity had an effect differed depending on the sex of the interactant and the behaviour measured. Familiarity may serve an important function if it increases an individual’s ability to remember the outcome of prior encounters and use this information in later encounters with the same individual. To fully understand social dynamics, both sexes must be examined.

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Tavares, Sinivaldo Silva. "Transmissão da fé e cultura midiática. Disquisições de um teólogo católico." Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira 80, no. 315 (2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29386/reb.v80i315.2023.

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Após descrever o cenário atual como “cumplicidade” entre mercado, tecnociência e mídia, o objetivo que se propõe aqui é discernir desafios e chances postos pela complexa incumbência de transmitir a fé no horizonte da cultura midiática vigente, caracterizada, em modo especial, pela reconexão: um interagente constrói um conteúdo simbólico que, por sua vez, é recebido e reconhecido por outro interagente em conexão e, por conseguinte, reconstruído, mediante novas conexões, por outros interagentes ainda. Por fim, na ótica de um teólogo de tradição católica, são elencados três dos principais desafios postos por esse diálogo intercultural: oportunidade de se conceber missão como evangelização; incessante processo de deconstrução e reconstrução da catolicidade e possibilidade de ressignificar a própria catolicidade.Abstract:After describing the current scenario as “complicity” between market, technoscience and media, the objective proposed here is to discern challenges and chances posed by the complex task of transmitting faith in the horizon of the current media culture, characterized, in a special way, by reconnection : an interactant builds a symbolic content that, in turn, is received and recognized by another interacting person in connection and, therefore, reconstructed, through new connections, by other interactants. Finally, from the perspective of a theologian with a Catholic tradition, three of the main challenges posed by this intercultural dialogue are listed: opportunity to conceive mission as evangelization; incessant process of deconstruction and reconstruction of catholicity and the possibility of reframing catholicity itself.Keywords: Media culture; Reconnection; Evangeliztion; Catholicity.

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Gipper, Sonja. "Repeating responses as a conversational affordance for linguistic transmission." Studies in Language 44, no. 2 (2020): 281–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.19041.gip.

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Abstract Given that face-to-face interaction is an important locus for linguistic transmission (Enfield 2008: 297), it is argued in this paper that conversational structure must provide affordances (Gibson 1979) for transmitting linguistic items. The paper focuses on repeats where an interactant (partially) repeats their interlocutor’s preceding utterance. Repeats are argued to provide affordances for the transmission of innovative and conservative linguistic items by forcing interactants to repeat linguistic material uttered by another person, facilitating production by exploiting priming effects. Moreover, repeats leave room for modification and thereby for actively resisting transmission. In this way, repeats unite the competing forces (Tantucci et al. 2018) of automaticity and creativity. To support this claim, this paper investigates the use of Spanish insertions and alternative variants in utterance-repeat pairs in Yurakaré (isolate, Bolivia) conversations. The findings are compatible with a holistic view of language where all linguistic levels are interconnected (Beckner et al. 2009).

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Turner, Elizebeth C., Eamon P. Mulvaney, Helen M. Reid, and B. Therese Kinsella. "Interaction of the human prostacyclin receptor with the PDZ adapter protein PDZK1: role in endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 22, no. 15 (2011): 2664–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-04-0374.

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Prostacyclin is increasingly implicated in re-endothelialization and angiogenesis but through largely unknown mechanisms. Herein the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) scavenger receptor class B, type 1 (SR-B1) adapter protein PDZ domain-containing protein 1 (PDZK1) was identified as an interactant of the human prostacyclin receptor (hIP) involving a Class I PDZ ligand at its carboxyl terminus and PDZ domains 1, 3, and 4 of PDZK1. Although the interaction is constitutive, it may be dynamically regulated following cicaprost activation of the hIP through a mechanism involving cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PK)A-phosphorylation of PDZK1 at Ser-505. Although PDZK1 did not increase overall levels of the hIP, it increased its functional expression at the cell surface, enhancing ligand binding and cicaprost-induced cAMP generation. Consistent with its role in re-endothelialization and angiogenesis, cicaprost activation of the hIP increased endothelial cell migration and tube formation/in vitro angiogenesis, effects completely abrogated by the specific IP antagonist RO1138452. Furthermore, similar to HDL/SR-B1, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-targeted disruption of PDZK1 abolished cicaprost-mediated endothelial responses but did not affect VEGF responses. Considering the essential role played by prostacyclin throughout the cardiovascular system, identification of PDZK1 as a functional interactant of the hIP sheds significant mechanistic insights into the protective roles of these key players, and potentially HDL/SR-B1, within the vascular endothelium.

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Ait Ammar, Amina, Virginie Gautier, Carine Van Lint, Christian Schwartz, and Olivier Rohr. "5 Inhibition of HIV-1 gene transcription by KAP1: a new CTIP2 interactant." Journal of Virus Eradication 3 (July 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30710-x.

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Pöchhacker, Franz. "From Operation to Action: Process-Orientation in Interpreting Studies." Volet interprétation 50, no. 2 (2005): 682–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011011ar.

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Abstract The notion of ‘process’ is identified as a prominent idea in systematic reflection on interpreting, and various incarnations of the ‘process(ing) supermeme’ are reviewed. With reference to selected models of the interpreting process, the need for a broader concept of ‘process’ in interpreting research is discussed, with special reference to the (inter)action-theoretical approach championed by German translation scholars in the 1980s. Based on an interactant model of the interpreting situation, the author highlights the relevance of contextual as well as cognitive factors and suggests ways in which various conceptual approaches can be reconciled to establish a more comprehensive sort of process-orientation in interpreting studies.

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Zogmal, Marianne, Laurent Filliettaz, and Vassiliki Markaki-Lothe. "Apprendre à « relancer » une activité éducative : La formation professionnelle en situation de travail dans le contexte de l’éducation de l’enfance." Swiss Journal of Educational Research 43, no. 1 (2021): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24452/sjer.43.1.14.

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Cet article porte sur l’identification et le développement des compétences professionnelles dans le champ de l’éducation de l’enfance. Dans une perspective interactionnelle, une analyse détaillée étudie les pratiques mobilisées pour apprendre à relancer une activité éducative. L’article présente la notion de relance, avant d’exposer la démarche d’analyse interactionnelle adoptée. L’analyse empirique décrit une activité de relance accomplie par une étudiante en formation et étudie les modalités de participation des différents interactant∙e∙s qui convergent, progressivement, vers une activité commune. Une focale sur une situation de stage professionnel vise à éclairer les liens entre le phénomène de la relance et les enjeux de la formation professionnelle en situation de travail.

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Lassiter, G. Daniel, Andrew L. Geers, Patrick J. Munhall, Robert J. Ploutz-Snyder, and David L. Breitenbecher. "Illusory Causation: Why It Occurs." Psychological Science 13, no. 4 (2002): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2002..x.

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Considerable evidence indicates that people overattribute causality to a given stimulus when it is salient or the focus of their attention—the so-called illusory-causation phenomenon. Although illusory causation has proved to be quite robust and generalizable, a compelling explanation for it has not been empirically documented. Four social-attribution studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that illusory causation occurs because salient information is initially registered, or perceptually organized, differently than nonsalient information. The results provide considerable support for the notion that people's literal point of view affects how they initially perceive, or extract, information from an observed interaction, which in turn affects their judgments regarding the causal influence exerted by each interactant.

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Thompson, Geoff. "Intersubjectivity in newspaper editorials." English Text Construction 5, no. 1 (2012): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.5.1.05tho.

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In this article, I take a discoursal perspective on intersubjectivity, exploring ways in which intersubjective meanings may be realized across texts, and the kinds of effects that arise from the combination of different forms. In particular, I focus on how writers may exploit intersubjective choices to enact interaction with their intended audience. I carry out an illustrative analysis on a small corpus of editorials from two British newspapers, one quality and one popular; and I demonstrate that there is clear connections between the readership of the two newspapers as described on their audience demographic webpages and the ways in which the editorial writers deploy the resources of interactant reference, mood and modality to construe different kinds of audience.

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Morin, Aurélie, Lauriane Fritsch, Jacques R. R. Mathieu, et al. "Identification of CAD as an androgen receptor interactant and an early marker of prostate tumor recurrence." FASEB Journal 26, no. 1 (2011): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.11-191296.

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Shi, Huaxiu, Jianlin Ren, Hongzhi Xu, et al. "Upregulated Expression of hITF in Crohn’s Disease and Screening of hITF Interactant by a Yeast Two-Hybrid System." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 55, no. 10 (2010): 2929–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-010-1227-0.

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Liu, Na, Robin Huang, Tanya Baldacchino, et al. "Telehealth for Noncritical Patients With Chronic Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 8 (2020): e19493. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19493.

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During the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, telehealth has received greater attention due to its role in reducing hospital visits from patients with COVID-19 or other conditions, while supporting home isolation in patients with mild symptoms. The needs of patients with chronic diseases tend to be overlooked during the pandemic. With reduced opportunities for routine clinic visits, these patients are adopting various telehealth services such as video consultation and remote monitoring. We advocate for more innovative designs to be considered to enhance patients’ feelings of “copresence”—a sense of connection with another interactant via digital technology—with their health care providers during this time. The copresence-enhanced design has been shown to reduce patients’ anxiety and increase their confidence in managing their chronic disease condition. It has the potential to reduce the patient’s need to reach out to their health care provider during a time when health care resources are being stretched.

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Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, Barbara. "Culture-driven emotional profiles and online discourse extremism." Pragmatics and Society 11, no. 2 (2020): 262–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.18069.lew.

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Abstract Discourse practices are investigated in English and Polish online comments which display different degrees of linguistic extremism. The present contribution identifies the contexts and targets of such practices and argues that hate speech is conditioned by culture-driven emotional experience and emotion expression profiles prevailing in particular societies. The discussion focuses on Polish and UK English emotionality and on relevant cultural models of the negative emotion clusters identified in Polish and English online political and social comments in posts collected between 2013 and 2018 on topics connected mainly, though not exclusively, with migration and the perception of the Other. First, the article shows that there are differences in the display and expression of emotions between English and Polish discourses, the latter being more negatively explicit and more often addressing the current online interactant. Second, in both groups, two opposing camps are identified. Finally, the rise in meaning and expressiveness of radicalization is observed in both English and Polish across the investigated period.

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Shimada, Saki, Yuuka Muraoka, Kimihide Ibaraki, Toshiyuki Takano-Shimizu-Kouno, Hideki Yoshida, and Masamitsu Yamaguchi. "Identification of CR43467 encoding a long non-coding RNA as a novel genetic interactant with dFIG4, a CMT-causing gene." Experimental Cell Research 386, no. 1 (2020): 111711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111711.

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Guo, Yijun. "Effects of the interpreter’s political awareness on pronoun shifts in political interviews." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 64, no. 4 (2018): 528–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00053.guo.

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Abstract This paper investigates the critical role of the interpreter’s political awareness in interpreting high-level political interviews in China, and its effects on pronoun shifts. Using former Chinese Premier Zhu’s debut press conference in 1998 as a case study, the study examines in detail the pronoun shifts of a China’s Foreign Ministry senior interpreter prompted by her political awareness. It identifies four types of pronoun shifts: (1) from first-person singular pronoun (“I”) to first-person plural pronoun (“we”); (2) from active voice with first-person plural pronoun as subject to passive voice; (3) from pronoun to a third-party noun; and (4) replacement of a noun with an interactant pronoun. The paper considers implications of these findings in relation to relevant studies and to the macro-social institutional context in which the political interpreting is conducted. The paper argues that this type of political awareness is a form of socio-institutional cognition inculcated and developed through the interpreter’s diplomatic identity, their understanding of socio-institutional requirements, strict training and a large quantity of supervised practice.

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Crystal, David S., Hirozumi Watanabe, and Rusan Chen. "Children’s Reactions to Physical Disability: A Cross-national and Developmental Study." International Journal of Behavioral Development 23, no. 1 (1999): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502599384017.

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This study examined reactions to physical disability among 5th and 11th graders in the United States and Japan. Students were presented with a drawing of four children standing next to a child in a wheelchair, and told that this group was going swimming. Students were asked to describe and explain their feelings, first, as the disabled person, and then as a nondisabled group member. Although cultural differences in specific response categories were found in both hypothetical roles, on the whole, Japanese and American children appeared to be more similar than different in their reactions to physical disability. Patterns of developmental differences, however, varied by culture. Japanese adolescents were more likely than their younger peers to worry about imposing on others in the disabled role, whereas Japanese 5th graders were more likely than 11th graders to make empathic responses in the interactant role. In addition, there was a tendency for more American 11th than 5th graders to express embarrassment in the disabled role. Findings are discussed in terms of Goffman’s (1963) model of “stigma”, the individualism-collectivism paradigm, and theories of cognitive development.

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Goodall, Jacqueline, I. E. Hughes, and D. Mackay. "Quantification of the actions of agonists that simultaneously act on a particular type of receptor and have separate functional interactant properties." British Journal of Pharmacology 88, no. 3 (1986): 639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1986.tb10245.x.

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Steiner, Erich. "Some properties of texts in terms of ‘information distribution’ across languages." Languages in Contrast 5, no. 1 (2005): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.5.1.06ste.

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On a global level, an attempt will be made to relate relatively macro-level intuitions about properties of texts to more micro-level notions and to empirically testable lexicogrammatical properties. The strategy will be to (a) partly reduce an intuitive notion of ‘information distribution’ in texts and sentences to more technical and better understood notions of ‘information structure’, ‘informational density’ and ‘grammatical metaphoricity’, and (b) operationalize these latter notions in such a way as to make them empirically testable on electronic corpora, using the ‘shallow’ concepts of ‘explicitness, density, and directness’ as properties of semantics-to-grammar mapping in sentences. It will furthermore be suggested that aspects of intuitive qualities of texts, such as ‘content orientation’ vs. ‘interactant orientation’ and others can be partly modelled in terms of (a) and (b). The argumentation in this paper thus proceeds from intuitive text-level notions to more technical and clause-based concepts, and from these concepts to operationalizations. It then moves ‘upwards’ again to text-level properties, exploring the relationships between the two levels. Finally, an outline is attempted of some implications for studies of language contact and language change.

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Gribov, L. A. "Method for evaluating the probability of structural isomer-isomer transformations with large numbers of quasidegenerations of the energy levels of the interactant subsystems." Journal of Structural Chemistry 49, no. 2 (2008): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10947-008-0113-5.

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Bećirović, Senad, Belma Delić, and Amna Brdarević-Čeljo. "EXAMINING INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCIES AMONG BOSNIAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS." JOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC AND INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION 12, no. 3 (2019): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/jolie.2019.12.3.2.

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A period of globalisation and the interconnectedness of people across the world has increased the demand for greater intercultural competences among young people in particular. Being interculturally competent entails modifying behaviour in culturally appropriate ways when establishing contact with diverse cultures. The development of this competence is a long and never-ending process that which is influenced by a variety of factors, some of the most important being school policies, surroundings, individual work, personal needs and curiosity. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the impact of grade level, grade point average (GPA) and gender on intercultural competences by distributing the questionnaire developed by Portalla and Chen (2010) to 211 Bosnian high school students. The results showed that the students’ grade levels and GPAs did not have a statistically significant influence on their intercultural competences, whereas gender only had a significant impact on their intercultural competences on the Interactant Respect subscale. Due to the fact that the students should be taught intercultural competence at school, their competence is expected to improve in each study grade; thus, based on the students’ GPAs, this study may help teachers to identify a gap in their instruction and to modify their teaching content so that it contributes to the development of the students’ intercultural competence, as well as to the promotion of the importance thereof.

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Lomaestro, Ben M., and Michelle Ann Piatek. "Update on Drug Interactions with Azole Antifungal Agents." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 32, no. 9 (1998): 915–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.17271.

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OBJECTIVE: T o review and update the incidence, mechanism, and clinical relevance of drug interactions with itraconazole, ketoconazole, and fluconazole. DATA SOURCES: Literature was identified by MEDLINE search (from January 1990 to May 1997) using the name of each antifungal and the term “interaction” as MeSH headings. Abstracts were identified by literature citation and by review of Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy from 1995 to 1996. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized, controlled, double-blind studies were emphasized; however, uncontrolled studies and case reports were also included. In vitro data were selected from literature review and citations. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were evaluated with respect to study design, clinical relevance, magnitude of interaction, and recommendations provided. DATA SYNTHESIS: The incidence of fungal infections and consequent azole antifungal usage continues to increase. By virtue of their antifungal mechanism (i.e., inhibition of cytochrome P450 fungal enzyme systems), azoles have been investigated and implicated in several drug interactions. The magnitude of interactions can vary from trivial to potentially fatal, and also vary with specific azole and interactant. CONCLUSIONS: The azole antifungal agents represent a commonly used class of agents with a broad range of potential interactions. Recent data have increased our understanding of drug-drug interactions with azoles. Pharmacists are in a unique position to identify these interactions and to intervene to decrease their morbidity and improve patient care.

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Mancinelli, James M. "A Framework for a Sociological Description of the Communicative Interaction in Adults Who Stutter." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 30, no. 4 (2021): 1660–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00279.

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Purpose The author presents a descriptive sociological framework for the communicative interaction between an adult who stutters (AWS) and other communication partners. The author shows that the communicative interaction between an AWS and another interactant is a sociological object that can be evaluated by both parties in real-time, and is impacted by settings, participants, identity, stigmatization, and the type of talk. These elements are consistent with Hymes' SPEAKING model, which was developed to describe speech communication in a social context and can lay the foundation for the development of an ethnography of stuttering. The clinical applications and implications of a sociological framework are discussed and future directions for research are suggested. Method This work is a refinement and enhancement of Mancinelli (2018) and Mancinelli (2019) and the research associated with that work. This is a tutorial with a clinical focus designed to introduce the readership to a sociological perspective on communicative interactions in AWS. Conclusions Stuttering is an emergent phenomenon embedded within a social interaction, necessitating a deeper understanding of the processes at work during those interactions. A sociological framework can provide a more comprehensive description of the communicative interactions as well as the sociocommunicative lives of people who stutter. The information obtained can inform the formulation of realistic, functional goals based on the daily life of the client. Implications for the development of an ethnography of stuttering are discussed.

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Ingato, Lilian, Atichi Alati, and David Barasa. "Politeness Strategies used in Lwisukha in Local Public Administrative Meetings." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 9 (2019): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.9.10.

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The use of politeness strategies among Abiisukha is propelled by the cultural need to maintain close ties and relationship. When the relationship is not maintained, there will definitely be a communication breakdown (Billow & Krauss 1988). This occurs when one interactant feels offended and the partner does not mend the offense using a polite strategy. Generally, rules of interaction are like grammatical rules as they allow social members to perform their acts according to various mutual expectations and to understand each other by making a sense of features like apologizing, requesting or complimenting. Being sensitive to these acts in the course of interaction satisfies the feelings of the offended partner (Chomsky, 1990). In this paper, we present a pragmatic analysis of politeness strategies used by Abiisukha in local public administrative meetings. Firstly, we introduce the politeness strategies used by Lwisukha speakers in local public administrative meetings. Secondly, we explain how gender influences the use of linguistic politeness strategies in local public administrative meetings. And lastly, we show how setting influences the use of linguistic politeness strategies. The findings of this paper will be helpful to the stake holders and policy makers as it will enable them appreciate the need of politeness strategies for the coexistence of not only Lwisukha speech community but the country at large considering that Kenya as a country has so many tribes with different languages. The politeness strategies identified in Lwisukha can be incorporated in the other Kenyan languages.

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Saito, Masaki, Maki Sugai, Yuriko Katsushima, Teruyuki Yanagisawa, Jun Sukegawa, and Norimichi Nakahata. "Increase in cell-surface localization of parathyroid hormone receptor by cytoskeletal protein 4.1G." Biochemical Journal 392, no. 1 (2005): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20050618.

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The cell-surface localization of GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) has emerged as one of critical factors of the GPCR-mediated signal transduction. It has been reported that the C-termini of GPCRs contain the sequences for sorting the receptors to cell surface. In the present study, we have searched for proteins that interact with the C-terminus of PTH (parathyroid hormone)/PTH-related protein receptor (PTHR) by using the yeast two-hybrid system, and identified a cytoskeletal protein 4.1G (generaltype 4.1 protein) as an interactant with the C-terminus. Immunohistochemical study revealed that both PTHR and 4.1G were co-localized on plasma membranes, when they were transiently expressed in COS-7 cells. When 4.1G or the C-terminal domain of 4.1G (4.1G-CTD), a dominant-negative form of 4.1G, was co-expressed with PTHR in COS-7 cells, 4.1G, but not 4.1G-CTD, facilitated the cell-surface localization of PTHR, determined by cell-surface biotinylation assay. PTH-(1–34) caused phosphorylation of ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 in PTHR-expressed cells mainly mediated through EGF (epidermal growth factor) receptor. The phosphorylation was enhanced by the expression of 4.1G, but not 4.1G-CTD. PTH-(1–34) elevated [Ca2+]i (intracellular Ca2+ concentration) independent of EGF receptor activation, and the elevation was enhanced by the expression of 4.1G, but not 4.1G-CTD. These data indicate that 4.1G facilitates the cell-surface localization of PTHR through its interaction with the C-terminus of the receptor, resulting in the potentiation of PTHR-mediated signal transduction.

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Rattanapan Noonkong, Uraiwan, Anamai Damnet, and Kanjana Charttrakul. "Enhancing Thai Engineering Students’ Complaints and Apologies through Pragmatic Consciousness-Raising Approach (PCR)." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 6 (2017): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.6p.92.

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Successful communication requires “Pragmatic Competence” or abilities to use appropriate language in transferring one’s needs while maintaining a positive relationship with the interactant (Thomas, 1995; Leech, 1983). This study was an attempt to investigate the pragmatic competence of Thai Engineering students when making complaints and apologies through twelve sessions of a pragmatic consciousness-raising approach (PCR). Perceptions toward the innovative teaching activities were also examined. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to collect data from forty-five engineering students (n=45) at a university in Thailand. Pre-test and posttest written discourse completion tests (WDCTs) were administered and a semi-structured interview was conducted. Three native speaker raters scored the performances through WDCTs using assessment criteria from Hudson (2001) and Duan (2008). For data analysis, paired-samples t-test was employed to compare the mean scores of students, while the researcher employed a Grounded Theory’s color coding technique (Strauss & Corbin, 1998) to generate the findings on students’ perceptions about the innovative methods implemented. The results revealed significant development of students’ pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic abilities in both complaints and apologies. Furthermore, participants perceived the PCR class to be beneficial in four areas: having more awareness of the impacts of social factors in language use, realizing the favor of indirect strategies, more understanding of nonverbal communication, and provision of motivating class atmosphere. However, some participants concerned about three aspects: inadequate confidence to use expressions learned in class in real communication, insufficient endeavor to develop grammar knowledge, and the test abilities of the roleplay test. The results confirm the teachability of pragmatic and the benefits of PCR in EFL contexts; whereas, students’ concern about learning through the approach might be helpful for further teaching practices.

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HU, Youli, David GONZÁLEZ-MARTÍNEZ, Soo-Hyun KIM, and Pierre Marc Gilles BOULOUX. "Cross-talk of anosmin-1, the protein implicated in X-linked Kallmann's syndrome, with heparan sulphate and urokinase-type plasminogen activator." Biochemical Journal 384, no. 3 (2004): 495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20041078.

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Defective function of anosmin-1, the protein encoded by KAL-1, underlies X-linked Kallmann's syndrome (X-KS), a human hereditary developmental disorder. Anosmin-1 appears to play a role in neurite outgrowth and axon branching, although molecular mechanisms of its action are still unknown. Anosmin-1 contains a WAP (whey acidic protein-like) domain and four contiguous FnIII (fibronectin-like type III) repeats; its WAP domain shows similarity to known serine protease inhibitors, whereas the FnIII domains contain HS (heparan sulphate)-binding sequences. To investigate the functional role of these domains, we have generated both wild-type and mutant recombinant anosmin-1 proteins using a Drosophila S2 cell expression system. Here we present the first biochemical evidence demonstrating the high-binding affinity between HS and anosmin-1, as measured by SPR (surface plasmon resonance) (Kd=2 nM). The FnIII domains, particularly the first, are essential for dose-dependent HS binding and HS-mediated cell surface association. Furthermore, we have identified uPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator) as an anosmin-1 interactant. Anosmin-1 significantly enhances the amidolytic activity of uPA in vitro; and anosmin-1–HS–uPA co-operation induces cell proliferation in the PC-3 prostate carcinoma cell line. Both the HS interaction and an intact WAP domain are required for the mitogenic activity of anosmin-1. These effects appear to be mediated by a direct protein interaction between anosmin-1 and uPA, since anosmin-1–uPA could be co-immunoprecipitated from PC-3 cell lysates, and their direct binding with high affinity (Kd=6.91 nM) was demonstrated by SPR. We thus propose that anosmin-1 may modulate the catalytic activity of uPA and its signalling pathway, whereas HS determines cell surface localization of the anosmin-1–uPA complex.

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Volkova, Vera, Nataliya Malakhova, and Ilia Volkov. "Imagination as a phenomenon of cognition." Философская мысль, no. 6 (June 2021): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2021.6.35761.

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This article discusses the problem of imagination as a holistic phenomenon of cognition based on the concept of corporeality of mind. Imagination becomes an instrument for enactive subject &ndash; object interaction. They complement and revive each other in the activity of cognition and self-cognition. Imagination is a generative model of cyclical interaction between the subject and object in junction of the image and action. Imagination is a moment of visual culture, a means of shaping thoughts and feelings in the optical coherence of mental actions in the reproduction of the picture, scenic manifestations of the material in mental life of a person, interpretation of the imagery-symbolic language and action. Imagination creates the space of the game of feelings, mind, and body in the context of cognitive engagement of a person. The most vivid manifestation as a phenomenon of cognition imagination acquires in the practice of psychoanalysis. The scientific novelty of this work consists in the following statement: psychoanalytic description interprets imagination in realization of the image through body and mind. The article employs the method of enactive construction of knowledge, visualization and psychoanalytic description, which demonstrates imagination as an integrative dimension of a human, optically harmonizes body, thought, and external environment of a person. The article underlines the role of metaphors, transformation, and paradoxicality, which indicate the degree of depiction of the image through integration of the corporeal, social and imaginable in a circular, cyclical dependence. Imagination creates the syntheses of these dimensions in a &ldquo;paradoxical system&rdquo;, translation of the fiction into symbolic language, and symbolic substantiations of the living experience of a cognizing being. Imagination is the organic development of human nature. The interactant appears to be an external environment and part of the human organization that creates him through the living experience of cognition and self-cognition.

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Rasheed, Mariwan A. "SIMULATION OF INTERACTING GALAXY PAIR ARP 82." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 8 (2012): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/aug2013/151.

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Mesch, Johanna, Eli Raanes, and Lindsay Ferrara. "Co-forming real space blends in tactile signed language dialogues." Cognitive Linguistics 26, no. 2 (2015): 261–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2014-0066.

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AbstractThis article reports on a linguistic study examining the use of real space blending in the tactile signed languages of Norwegian and Swedish signers who are both deaf and blind. Tactile signed languages are typically produced by interactants in contact with each other’s hands while signing. Of particular interest to this study are utterances which not only consist of the signer producing signs with his or her own hands (or other body parts), but which also recruit the other interactant’s hands (or another body part). These utterances, although perhaps less frequent, are co-constructed, in a very real sense, and they illustrate meaning construction during emerging, embodied discourse. Here, we analyze several examples of these types of utterances from a cognitive linguistic and cognitive semiotic perspective to explore how interactants prompt meaning construction through touch and the involvement of each other’s bodies during a particular type of co-regulation.

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Nowak, Kristine L., and Frank Biocca. "The Effect of the Agency and Anthropomorphism on Users' Sense of Telepresence, Copresence, and Social Presence in Virtual Environments." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 12, no. 5 (2003): 481–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474603322761289.

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We report on an experiment that examined the influence of anthropomorphism and perceived agency on presence, copresence, and social presence in a virtual environment. The experiment varied the level of anthropomorphism of the image of interactants: high anthropomorphism, low anthropomorphism, or no image. Perceived agency was manipulated by telling the participants that the image was either an avatar controlled by a human, or an agent controlled by a computer. The results support the prediction that people respond socially to both human and computer-controlled entities, and that the existence of a virtual image increases tele-presence. Participants interacting with the less-anthropomorphic image reported more copresence and social presence than those interacting with partners represented by either no image at all or by a highly anthropomorphic image of the other, indicating that the more anthropomorphic images set up higher expectations that lead to reduced presence when these expectations were not met.

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Park, Seong-Keun, Jae-Pil Hwang, Kyung-Jin Rou, and Eun-Tai Kim. "Vehicle-Tracking with Distorted Measurement via Fuzzy Interacting Multiple Model." Journal of Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 18, no. 6 (2008): 863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5391/jkiis.2008.18.6.863.

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Whitmeyer, Joseph M., Murray Webster, and Lisa Slattery Rashotte. "When Status Equals Make Status Claims." Social Psychology Quarterly 68, no. 2 (2005): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019027250506800205.

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Several studies have shown that second-order expectations, an interactant's perceptions of a coactor's self-other expectations, can affect the receiving actor's performance expectations and behavior. Using new theoretical developments, we report new data and further tests of three models concerning effects of coactors' expressed expectations. Prior work focused on interaction of individuals differing in status; here we study interacting status equals. Results show that a simple aggregation model, with parameters estimated in an earlier study, predicts results very accurately.

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Boukari, Noureni. "Investigation of the Interpersonal Metafunction in A S Ogundimu’s A Silly Season." Education and Linguistics Research 6, no. 2 (2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/elr.v6i2.17999.

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People use language to interact. In interacting, they take various social roles. Grasping the specific roles thus played by interactants and their implications in a text is the finality of the study of the interpersonal metafunction in Systemic Functional Linguistics. This paper explores the interpersonal metafunction in A silly season, a novel by A. S. Ogundimu. Based on text exploration for mood patterns, especially the choice of mood types and modality features, the investigation reveals unusual tenor dimensions in the corpus under consideration. It ultimately appears that A silly season is not just about bribery, but it mostly relates some social malaise and threat of disruption due to a single individual’s firm attempt to sow or restore the sense of rectitude within a corrupt, rotten society.

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Bykovskih, D. A., and V. A. Galkin. "On a computing test of an ideal non-interacting gas model." Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies 2, no. 1 (2018): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2587-8999-2018-2-1-9-16.

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Waheed, Mariam O., and Fadhil I. Sharrad. "Determination of the 108-112Pd isotopes identity using interacting boson model." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 18, no. 4 (2017): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2017.04.313.

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Vavilala, Sateesh Kumar, and Vinopraba T. "Fractional State Feedback Controller for a Non-Interacting Coupled Tank System." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 0009-SPECIAL ISSUE (2019): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11/20192565.

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Wagner, Wolfgang, and Maaris Raudsepp. "Representations in Intergroup Relations: Reflexivity, Meta-Representations, and Interobjectivity." RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics 18, no. 2 (2021): 332–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2021-18-2-332-345.

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Social and cultural groups are characterised by shared systems of social objects and issues that constitute their objective reality and their members' identity. It is argued that interpersonal interactions within such groups require a system of comprehensive representations to enable concerted interaction between individuals. Comprehensive representations include bits and pieces of the interactant's representational constitution and potential values and behaviours to reduce possible friction in interactions. On a larger scale, the same is true in encounters, communication, and interaction between members of different cultural groups where interactants need to dispose of a rough knowledge of the other culture's relevant characteristics. This mutual knowledge is called meta-representations that complement the actors' own values and ways of thinking. This concept complements Social Representation Theory when applied to cross-cultural and inter-ethnic interactions.

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Lanez, Touhami, and Meriem Henni. "Spectrophotometrical study of antioxidant standards interacting with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 10, no. 3 (2016): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht10.03.255.

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This work aims to study the interaction of four well known antioxidant standards with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) using spectrophotometric assays. The binding parameters like binding constant and binding free energy of the free and DPPH• bound forms were determined. The determination is based upon the decrease in absorbance of the electronic absorption spectrum of an acetonitrile solution of DPPH• in the presence of gradually increasing amount of antioxidant standards.

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Da Silva, Erika Suellem Castro. "Interlíngua no processo de aprendizagem do português brasileiro na modalidade em Tandem utilizando o aplicativo Hello Talk." BELT - Brazilian English Language Teaching Journal 9, no. 1 (2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/2178-3640.2018.1.31991.

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Technology has been used for a variety of activities in our daily routine, including language learning. In that context, tandem modality has spread significantly (Telles; Vassalo, 2006; Souza, 2007; Telles; Ferreira, 2010). Basically, tandem requires two interactants to learn each other’s language in a collaborative way. Correction and feedback are essential elements in that modality. For this study, part of a project developed in a subject of the English Undergraduate Course at Pará State University (UEPA), we have pointed out the tandem learning in Hello Talk app of a German student learning Brazilian Portuguese by interacting with a Brazilian student learning English and German. We have observed specifically the interlanguage of the Brazilian Portuguese learner, regarding that errors are part of a complex process (Spinassé, 2006) of language acquisition, with its own systematicity, variability (Henriques, 2012) and specific levels.

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Kuznetsova, T. Y., N. V. Solovyova, V. V. Solovyov, and V. O. Kostenko. ".Antioxidant activity of melatonin and glutathione interacting with hydroxyl- and superoxide anion radicals." Ukrainian Biochemical Journal 89, no. 6 (2017): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ubj89.06.022.

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Sievers, Uwe, and Barbara Früh. "A practical approach to compute short-wave irradiance interacting with subgrid-scale buildings." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 21, no. 4 (2012): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2012/0331.

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Kaganov, M. I., and A. V. Chubukov. "Interacting magnons." Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk 153, no. 12 (1987): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3367/ufnr.0153.198712a.0537.

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Frith, Chris D. "Interacting minds." Neuroscience Research 71 (September 2011): e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.024.

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Zimdahl, Winfried, Diego Pavón, and Luis P. Chimento. "Interacting quintessence." Physics Letters B 521, no. 3-4 (2001): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(01)01174-1.

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Rugg, Michael. "Interacting ideas." Nature 325, no. 6107 (1987): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/325770a0.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Interactant'

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