Academic literature on the topic 'Interaction between Materials and Concrete Face'
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Journal articles on the topic "Interaction between Materials and Concrete Face"
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Sediq, Vaismoradi, and reza Goodarzi Amir. "Investigation of Interaction between Rock Materials and Concrete Slabs in Concrete- Face Rock-Fill Dam (CFRD)." Journal of Civil Engineering and Materials Application 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.22034/jcema.2018.91983.
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In the CFRD dams, a concrete-face with a finite thickness is placed on the upstream side of the dam, which prevents water leakage from the reservoir. The construction of these dams with different heights and various specifications of materials have been welcomed a lot. Therefore, construction of CFRD is appropriate in pumped-storage reservoirs. However, due to the important role of concrete-face, the necessity of optimal studies in order to evaluate the behavior of this type of dams is obvious. In this research, the lower reservoir of Siah Bishe was studied by finite element method in order to investigate the interaction between rock-fill materials and simulated concrete-face and by an appropriate behavioral model in a three- dimensional mode that can simulate the behavior of materials in the body of the dam well. In this research, Plaxis software was used for modeling and static analysis was performed to determine deformations and stresses made in the dam and concrete slab. The elastoplastic behavioral model of Mohr-Coulomb was used to model the behavior of the materials and the technical specifications of the materials used in the body of the dam and concrete-face slab have been applied. The maximum value of settlement calculated by the software from the beginning of the constriction to filling the reservoir under the effect of gravity is 670 millimeter and the maximum settlement after phase 3 in the mode of the full reservoir in long term is 32 millimeter and the maximum horizontal displacement is 52 millimeter. Finally, the results of the settlements were compared to results of the instrumentation. The results indicate the approximation of results of the numerical modeling with results obtained from instrumentation.
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PALTINEAN, Gertrud-Alexandra, Gheorghe Tomoaia, Levente-Zsolt RACZ, Aurora MOCANU, and Maria Tomoaia-Cotisel. "INTERACTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS WITH CERAMIC MATERIALS – A REVIEW." Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Physics and Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2022): 47–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2022.2.47.
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This review examines the interaction between silymarin (SIL) and other plant-based bioactive compounds such as curcumin (CCM), piperine (PIP), resveratrol (RES), and icariin (ICA). Their combination revealed synergistic effects on colon (HCT116), breast (T47D) tumor cells, hepatocellular carcinoma, and periodontal disease. The review also addresses the interaction between these plant extracts with ceramic materials such as hydroxyapatite (HAP) and carotenoids with concrete examples of biomedical applications. Silymarin’s interaction with chemotherapeutic drugs (doxorubicin-DOX, paclitaxel-PCT and 5-Fluorouracil-5-FLU) and gold nanoparticles-GNPs and silver nanoparticles-SNPs is also debated. All these combinations can form composites of major importance in the biomedical field and to contribute significantly to orthopedic surgery where materials are needed for implants that face severe infections. This short review highlights the variety of multifunctional nanoparticles that open new opportunities in cancer treatment and the need to use the Langmuir Blodgett Technique that mimics the biological membrane and provides rich medical information.
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Karalar, Memduh, and Murat Çavuşli. "Effect of Normal and Shear Interaction Stiffnesses on Three-Dimensional Viscoplastic Creep Behaviour of a CFR Dam." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (September 2, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2491652.
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Rockfill materials and foundation continuously interact with each other during lifetime of the rockfill dams. This interaction condition alters the viscoplastic behaviour of these dams in time. For this reason, examination of the time-dependent viscoplastic interaction analyses is vital important for monitoring and evaluating of the future and safety of the rockfill dams. In this study, it is observed how the time-dependent displacement and stress behaviour of a concrete-faced rockfill (CFR) dam change by the effect of the normal and shear interaction spring stiffness parameters. Ilısu Dam that is the longest concrete-faced rockfill dam in the world now and has been completed in the year 2017 is selected for the three-dimensional (3D) creep analyses. The 3D finite difference model of this dam is modelled using FLAC3D software that is based on the finite difference method. The concrete slab, rockfill materials, foundation, and reservoir water are separately created for the 3D interaction analyses. A WIPP-creep viscoplastic material model and a burger-creep viscoplastic material model that are special material models for the creep analyses of rockfill dams are used for concrete slab and for rockfill materials and foundation, respectively. Totally 20 different interaction parameters (normal and shear stiffnesses) are separately defined between the rockfill materials and the foundation to represent the interaction condition. According to numerical analyses, the effect of these various interaction parameters on the viscoplastic behaviour of the Ilısu Dam is evaluated for the empty and full reservoir conditions. As a consequence, the most critical normal and shear stiffnesses’ range for creep analyses of the rockfill dams is determined. Afterwards, the long-term viscoplastic interaction behaviour of Ilısu Dam is examined during 35 years considering this important stiffness values. Settlements, horizontal displacements, and principal stresses are evaluated for both reservoir conditions, and these results are compared with each other in detail.
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Choinska, Marta, Hayder Al-Khazraji, Nathan Benkemoun, and Abdelhafid Khelidj. "Influence of tensile cracking and of aggregate size on concrete permeability." MATEC Web of Conferences 163 (2018): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816302001.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction between crack opening (COD), aggregate size and gas transfer in concrete submitted to mechanical loading in the Brazilian splitting tensile test. The lab-made devices have been developed to investigate physical phenomena during loading and to provide data to validate a developed mesoscale hydromechanical model by the same authors, based upon a 3D lattice approach to represent the heterogeneity of the material [1]. Experimental studies has been carried out on five materials with different aggregate sizes. The results emphasize that permeability of mortar increases with cracking following a sigmoid law, with the most important kinetics due to passingthrough connected crack growth, after nonsymmetric one-face crack initiation. Furthermore, the obtained results highlight that permeability increase, due to aggregate size, may be separated from permeability increase due to tensile cracking: for all the five materials tested results fall on the same master sigmoid curve. This behaviour law represents a strong advantage for concrete modelling.
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Podvysotckii, Aleksei A., Mikhail P. Sainov, and Andrey Yu Kirichenko. "Performance comparison of various types of embankment dams in relation to the conditions of the Mullalakh HPP." Vestnik MGSU, no. 2 (February 2021): 202–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.2.202-219.
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Introduction. Several types of embankment dams are used in the hydraulic engineering practice. However, the choice of a dam is individual for each hydraulic engineering project, as it takes account of specific features and natural conditions. This paper compares two types of rockfill dams (the one having a concrete face and the other having an asphalt-concrete diaphragm) in relation to the Mullalakh HPP on the Pskem River in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The dam height is 85 m. The comparison was performed from the standpoint of the dam performance in case of exposure to static forces and high seismicity.
 Materials and methods. The analysis of (1) the stress-strain state (SSS), (2) the stability of slopes exposed to regular and irregular load combinations was conducted for two types of dams. All calculations were performed in the two-dimensional domain. The analysis of the stress-strain state took account of the non-linear behavior of the soil ground and the contact interaction between structural elements. Seismic loads, included into the scope of irregular loads, were identified using the response spectrum method applied to particular periods and self-oscillation modes. Slope stability was analyzed with regard for the stress state of soils identified in the course of SSS calculations.
 Results. Each type of embankment dams has its specific features. The asphalt diaphragm dam is worse at perceiving high seismic loads. Its SSS during an earthquake features strength loss and emergence of soil discontinuity zones. The disadvantage of a concrete face dam is the insufficient safety of its anti-seepage element. Supplementary measures are needed to ensure the appropriate stress state of the face. Another finding is that the slopes of both types of dam do not demonstrate a sufficient stability factor, if the slope ratio equals to 1.5 during a 9-point earthquake.
 Conclusions. In high seismicity regions, a concrete faced dam demonstrates better performance than the asphalt diaphragm dam if both are exposed to static and seismic forces.
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Taboada, María Beatriz, and Guadalupe Álvarez. "Dialogical experiences in, for, and from technologically mediated contexts in teacher education." Dialogic Pedagogy: An International Online Journal 10 (December 13, 2022): DT123—DT151. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/dpj.2022.450.
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This work proposes an analysis of pedagogical experiences developed in the context of university teacher education in dialogue with two different chronotopes: habitual face-to-face teaching modality and exceptional non-face-to-face teaching modality due to the COVID lockdown. We consider here two cases of Language and Literature teacher education courses in two universities in Argentina. Both experiences share the search for an equitable, dialogical interaction, in which there is a recovery of the students’ opinions and criteria for the progressive and collaborative elaboration of knowledge. From a qualitative perspective, we resorted to autoethnographic narratives elaborated by the responsible teaching teams of the courses. In the approach we propose, there is a dialogue among different elements of our inquiry: a dialogue between the conceptions that we assume as teachers and researchers about teaching in face-to-face and virtual environments; a dialogue between the conceptualizations and concrete teaching-decisions; between the contexts of performance and the possibilities offered by virtuality; between the pedagogical experiences and the narratives; between the records and other materials that allow us to reconstitute these experiences; and between our voices and the voices of students and graduates who give us back evaluations and sustain the continuity of the dialogue. The analysis accounts for the definition of different chronotopes in the experiences and moments addressed. In both cases, the differences observed respond to contextual factors, particularities of the courses and the previous experiences that the teaching teams have had with ICT. Beyond the above-mentioned differences, for the exceptional non-face-to-face proposals, a greater stability in the proposed sequences and in the dynamics involved is observed in the two experiences, which seeks to generate greater predictability.
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Giroudon, Marie, Cédric Roosz, Mehdi Bista, Matthieu Peyre Lavigne, Laurie Lacarrière, and Alexandra Bertron. "Interactions between hydrated cement pastes and aggressive ammonium: experimental batches characterization." MATEC Web of Conferences 364 (2022): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236405010.
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Agricultural and food industries concrete facilities face chemically aggressive conditions that can damage their microstructure and reduce their lifespan. They are particularly exposed to ammonium-rich environments from natural microbial activity. The poorly crystalline mineralogy of hydrated cement pastes, the compositional variability of the phases and their reactivity make the geochemical behaviour of such materials difficult to investigate and predict over both large periods of time and wide variety of chemical compositions. This work aims (i) to assess the stability of the cement phases involved in ammonium-rich conditions as well as to identify the alteration products, and (ii) to understand the mechanisms and intensity of alteration. To do this, experiments were carried out both on OPC paste powder and on monolithic OPC pastes, degraded by an ammonium nitrate solution in semi-batch conditions. The powder was gradually added to the aggressive solution while the monoliths were immersed for 16 weeks in regularly renewed solution. The pH and the concentration of the chemical elements in solution were monitored over the experiments. The microstructural, chemical and mineralogical changes of the samples were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, electron probe micro-analysis and X-Ray diffraction and showed phenomena of dissolution, leaching and carbonation.
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Xu, Lina, Haoyun Deng, Lei Niu, Yongmei Qian, and Daohan Song. "Study on Soil Displacement Fields around the Expanded Body of Drill-Expanded Concrete Piles Based on DIC Technique." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (2021): 9097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199097.
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The soil displacement field around a drill-expanded concrete pile is noticeably different from that of an equivalent section pile placed under axial load due to the mutual embedment between the expanded body and the soil. It is important to study the soil displacement field around drill-expanded concrete piles in order to understand the mechanisms of interaction between the pile and the soil. First, the model test of the half-face pile installed in undisturbed soil and the model test of the half-face pile installed in sand were used to study the soil displacement field around the pile. Then, the entire process of the soil displacement field’s formation and development under the load was observed by using digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. Finally, numerical simulation was used to verify the results of the model tests. The results show that the displacement characteristics of the soil around the pile in the undisturbed soil and sand are basically the same. There is a clear soil compression zone under the expanded body, and the magnitude and density of the displaced soil in the compression zone are much higher than in other areas. Both the vertical displacement and the horizontal displacement gradually decrease as the distance from the expanded body and the burial depth increase. The horizontal displacement of the soil under the expanded body follows a trend of first moving toward the pile body and then moving away from it. The results of the numerical simulation are basically consistent with the results of the model test, indicating that the results of the model test are relatively reliable.
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Marinelli, Simona, Maria Angela Butturi, Bianca Rimini, Rita Gamberini, and Miguel Afonso Sellitto. "Estimating the Circularity Performance of an Emerging Industrial Symbiosis Network: The Case of Recycled Plastic Fibers in Reinforced Concrete." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (2021): 10257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810257.
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In recent times, the construction industry has been handling circular economy strategies in order to face the most important challenges in the sector, namely the lack of raw materials and the environmental impacts derived from all the processes linked to the entire supply chain. The industrial symbiosis approach represents an effective strategy to improve the circularity of the construction industry. This study analyses the circularity performance of an emerging industrial symbiosis network derived from the production of a cement mortar reinforced with recycled synthetic fibers coming from artificial turf carpets. From the collection of artificial turf carpets at the end-of-life stage it is possible to recover several materials, leading to potential unusual interactions between industries belonging to different sectors. A suitable indicator, retrieved from the literature, the Industrial Symbiosis Indicator (ISI), has been used to estimate the level of industrial symbiosis associated with increasing materials recirculation inside the network. Four scenarios—ranging from perfect linearity to perfect circularity—representing growing circularity were tested. Findings demonstrate that the development of an effective industrial symbiosis network can contribute to improving the circular approach within the construction sector, reducing environmental and economic pressures.
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Karalar, Memduh, and Murat Çavuşli. "Evaluation of 3D Nonlinear Earthquake Behaviour of the Ilısu CFR Dam under Far-Fault Ground Motions." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (January 8, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7358710.
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In the recent times, many huge concrete face rockfill dams (CFRDs) have been modelled and constructed in the world, and many of these dams are located on the strong earthquake zones. Examination of the seismic behaviour of a CFR dam built on the seismic zone is very important to assess the safety and future of the dam. For this reason, the nonlinear earthquake behaviour of these dams should be constantly observed taking into account the seismicity of the zone. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) seismic behaviour of the Ilısu dam built on the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) line is examined considering the effect of the important various far-fault earthquakes. The 3D finite difference model of the Ilısu dam is created using the FLAC3D software based on the finite difference method. The dam body, foundation, and concrete slab constantly interact during the lifetime of the CFRDs. Therefore, the special interface elements are defined between the dam body, concrete slab, and foundation to represent the interaction condition. The Mohr–Coulomb nonlinear material model is used for the rockfill materials and foundation. Moreover, the concrete slab is modelled considering the Drucker–Prager nonlinear material model to represent the nonlinearity of the concrete. Very special seismic boundary conditions rarely used for CFR dams in the past are used in this work. These boundary conditions are free-field and quiet boundary conditions. The free-field boundary condition that is a very important boundary condition for the nonlinear seismic analyses is considered for the lateral boundaries of the 3D model. In addition, the quiet artificial boundary condition is used for the bottom of the foundation. While defining these boundary conditions, the special fish functions are created and defined to the software. Moreover, the hysteric damping coefficients are separately calculated for all of the materials. These special damping values are defined to the FLAC3D software using the special fish functions to capture the effects of the variation of the modulus and damping ratio with the dynamic shear-strain magnitude. In the numerical analyses, a total of 7 various strong far-fault earthquakes are used for the 3D nonlinear earthquake analyses, and 7 different numerical analyses are performed for the full-reservoir condition of the Ilısu CFR dam. According to the seismic results, the principal stresses for the three critical nodal points on the dam body surface are examined and evaluated in detail. It is clearly understood that the nonlinear seismic behaviour of the Ilısu dam changes depending on the magnitudes and periods of the far-fault earthquakes. Each far-fault earthquake has different seismic effects on the nonlinear principal stress behaviour of the Ilısu CFR dam.
Book chapters on the topic "Interaction between Materials and Concrete Face"
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Wang, Ru, and Shiwei Zhang. "Interaction Between Polymer and Cement: A Review." In Springer Proceedings in Materials. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72955-3_5.
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AbstractPolymer-modified cement-based materials are commonly used in engineering applications and have achieved good results. The interactions between polymer and cement have received extensive attention. In this paper, the interaction between them is discussed and summarized by reviewing the existing technologies. Traditional experimental methods do not provide a comprehensive picture of the interaction between polymers and cement-based materials, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used recently in the study of inorganic-organic phase interactions. People almost reach a consensus on the modification mechanism of polymers on concrete at micro-scale. But at nano-scale, the interaction between polymers and cement is an ongoing work, researches show that it contains several aspects, i.e., chemical bonding, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, etc. Different polymers may have different types of interactions with cement. Understanding these interactions is important to elucidate the relationship between the microstructure and macroscopic properties of polymer-modified cement-based materials. Molecular dynamics simulation has proved to be an effective method to study the interactions between inorganic-organic composites at this stage but has some limitations.
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Destrebecq, Jean-François, and Xavier Balandraud. "Interaction Between Concrete Cylinders and Shape-Memory Wires in the Achievement of Active Confinement." In Advanced Structured Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12667-3_2.
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"Interaction between creep and fracture in cement based materials." In Creep, Shrinkage and Durability Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures, Two Volume Set. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203882955-15.
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Wozniak Maciej, Tysmans Tine, Vantomme John, and De Sutter Sven. "Experimental bond behaviour between textile reinforced cement and concrete:." In Construction Materials and Structures. IOS Press, 2014. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-466-4-932.
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Utilisation of high-strength fibres (such as carbon, glass or aramid) is becoming an interesting alternative for reinforcing structures in the building industry. Textile reinforced cement (TRC) composites, which combine the high tensile strength of fibres with the high compressive strength and stiffness of cement-based materials, are widely investigated for their various applications: strengthening and retrofitting of existing concrete structures, stay-in-place formwork, prefabrication of slabs, seismic design, etc. The weak point of such mixed concrete – TRC composite structures is the insufficient knowledge of the mechanical behaviour of the interface between both materials, preventing their effective utilisation. To facilitate understanding of the materials' interaction, we present a state-of-art on the direct bond tests between fibre-reinforced cement composites and concrete, as well as new experimental results achieved by our research group. The literature review shows that the problem is widely investigated in the scientific community, however, due to its complexity it is still an unresolved issue. New bond experiments were performed based on a modified double-lap shear test as proposed by D'Ambrisi et al. As the results show, the test set-up eliminates the influence of parasitical bending and allows continuous monitoring of the entire strain field at the interface. The results of the experiments are promising and validate the proposed bond test set-up. The test results can be used for creating a numerical bond model and contribute to future design recommendations.
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Ng, Pui-Lam, Žymantas Rudžionis, Ivan Yu-Ting Ng, and Albert Kwok-Hung Kwan. "Development of Sustainable High-Strength Self-Consolidating Concrete Utilising Fly Ash, Shale Ash and Microsilica." In Sustainable Buildings - Interaction Between a Holistic Conceptual Act and Materials Properties. InTech, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75508.
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Yildirim, Salih Taner. "Research on Strength, Alkali-Silica Reaction and Abrasion Resistance of Concrete with Cathode Ray Tube Glass Sand." In Sustainable Buildings - Interaction Between a Holistic Conceptual Act and Materials Properties. InTech, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73873.
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Murray, Michelle. "The Struggle for Recognition." In The Struggle for Recognition in International Relations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190878900.003.0002.
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This chapter clarifies the relationship between recognition and state identity formation in international anarchy, highlighting the effects of social uncertainty in this process. Acts of recognition are constructive of a state’s identity, providing it with the authority it needs to act in ways that are consistent with its self-understanding and endowing it with a recognized social status in the international order. This inherently social process of identity formation is deeply uncertain because states can never discern beforehand the recognition responses of other states and as a result state interaction is fraught with the danger of misrecognition. In response to this ongoing social uncertainty, states attempt to take independent control over the meaning of their identities by grounding them in concrete material practices. As an effective expression of an identity, the material world gives substance to the recognition-seeking state’s aspiring social identity and allows it to experience its social status as a brute fact, rather than as the uncertain effect of an ongoing political practice of social construction.
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Scott, Susan. "The Impact of Culture on Workplace Conflict in the Caribbean." In Cross-Cultural Interaction. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4979-8.ch076.
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There are many subtleties within a culture that affect decision-making. Lack of understanding of these nuances enhances the mystique of cross-cultural business. Global managers need to better understand trans-cultural decision-making to maximize the benefits of alliances and business relationships abroad. One of these subtleties, often discussed in relation to business in the Orient, is conflict management. The notion of “face” and the importance of individual honor pervade cultural briefing materials on countries such as Japan. It is a defining difference in human relationship management between East and West. Yet when dealing with employees in nations speaking the same language, as a U.S. manager to a Caribbean manager, one often fails to account for equally significant differences in managing conflict. This chapter discusses the impact of culture-specific attitudes concerning workplace conflict on business performance in the Caribbean, using examples specifically from Grenada.
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Shedyakov, Vladimir. "IMAGE AS A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE LEVEL OF PERCEPTION AND A FACTOR OF IMPACT." In Science, technology, and innovation: the experience of European countries and prospects for Ukraine. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-190-9-12.
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The main task of the article is to summarize the intermediate results in the author’s study of the image in the systems of perception (and, accordingly, impact). This goal is achieved in the text by solving the following tasks: characterizing of the relationship between the material and spiritual life of society, incl. with increasing pressure of virtual worlds on the real state and dynamics; researching of the parameters of meaningfulness and reflexivity in social management; studying the place of symbols in public life (in particular, when organizing influences during a paradigmatic transition); delineating the possibilities of symbolism in helping to optimize the improvements of the future. In the process of achieving this goal, research and presentation methods are used, associated with abstract-logical and concrete-historical development of practical and theoretical material. Each cultural and civilizational world develops in the process of history and interaction with nature and other worlds its own characteristics and ideas, in particular, recorded at the levels of a variety of linguistic practices, socio-economic foundations, political institutions, etc. The preservation of real global subjectivity (and not transformation into an object of external manipulation) all the more requires an understanding of the essence of international processes and the range of effective influences on it in order to realize their legitimate interests. First of all, those cultural and civilizational worlds become successful, which are able not only to interest, captivate with their meanings, but also to structure their social space, using both classical and innovative resources, integrating the forms of value consciousness that are basic for themselves with the logic of historical changes. The cultivation of the Super-Project, development clusters beneficial for the desired changes in the social climate are important factors in using the unique opportunities of the transition period, strengthened by the unity of conscious goal-setting with objective trends in socio-economic dynamics. Thus, ensuring the protection and development of symbols and imagery that carry basic value-semantic complexes, a moral and spiritual core is not only the preservation of continuity, but also an essential element of both life support and the maintenance of social harmony around the ideals of creativity and creativity. The sociocultural organism of the ecumene can be fraught with both a new social life and the death of civilization. The rivalry of cultural-civilizational worlds that permeates history (each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages, organic forms of combining general and private interests, unity and diversity of creative search), which are at different phases of socio-genesis, refracted by the law of uneven development and different-speed running of time, receives new paints in the face of radical changes. Accordingly, it is required to prioritize a set of conditions under which: – the remnants of the Soviet legacy would work for the benefit of their people, and would not strengthen foreign corporations and would not be subordinated to the tasks of creating products in the interests of other countries (through systems for issuing grants, placing orders, paying works, etc.), – from attempts to «ride on the fragments of Soviet breakthroughs» it is time to move on to stimulating the independent creation of new reserves, – the concept of social development should not be built around the symbols of «bridge», «agrarian future», «beggar country», etc., but with the priorities of the ideals of creativity (primarily scientific-intellectual), originality and self-sufficiency. Moreover, their vector should lead not to the rural past, but to the future with scientific and industrial clusters and an uplifting social environment.
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Zabala Francisco, Oldecop Luciano, and Rodari Rubén. "Seismic Analysis of a CFRD Dam Using the Material Point Method." In From Fundamentals to Applications in Geotechnics. IOS Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-603-3-2521.
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Seismic safety of earth or rockfill dams and embankments is strongly conditioned by permanent displacements caused by earthquakes. For a severe earthquake, the permanent displacements pattern results from the combination of displacements generated by volumetric and shear plastic strains distributed within the structure, and those caused by sliding of the soil mass along one or more failure surfaces. Numerical procedures commonly used in practice do not consider the strain localization phenomena at failure surfaces and the associated mesh dependence of the solution. Typically, nonlinear finite element or finite difference codes yield an estimate of distributed deformations and dynamic response, without accounting for the plastic strain localization problem. In addition, some of the numerical approaches used in practice do not consider the change of configuration caused by large displacements. The material point method or MPM is a lagrangian “particle-mesh” numerical method. It has been previously used in modeling dynamic problems with large displacements and strain localization. With MPM, a body is discretized into a collection of lagrangian particles, which carry all the data needed to define the body's state. Interaction between particles takes place in a background fixed mesh, similar to those used in the finite element method. The MPM is applied in this paper to model the dynamic response of Punta Negra dam, a concrete faced gravel dam which is being built in San Juan Province, Argentina. The examples show that the MPM is a useful tool to assess the seismic safety of earth and rockfill structures.
Conference papers on the topic "Interaction between Materials and Concrete Face"
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Untermarzoner, Franz, Johann Kollegger, and Patrick Huber. "LT Bridge – Meeting the Modern Requirements in Bridge Engineering." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.0785.
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<p>Owners of infrastructure buildings will face enormous challenges in the coming years. Many engineering structures, especially bridges, need to be renovated or rebuilt. They either cannot withstand the current loads or have developed durability problems. Discussions with owners have shown that rapid construction progress is crucial for bridge replacements. Construction sites should minimize traffic disruption as much as possible. As a result, a new, resource-saving, and fast construction method for bridges has been developed. Innovative precast longitudinal girders and deck slab elements were developed to fulfill these requirements. The precast elements are connected by reinforcement and an in-situ concrete layer at the construction site. A comparison of the environmental impact based on the construction materials (life cycle phases A1–A3) between a construction section of an LT bridge and a typical German highway bridge built on a falsework shows a lower global warming potential for the new bridge construction method due to the savings in construction materials and the use of high-performance concrete.</p>
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Kanaka, P. "Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Oyster Shells as Coarse Aggregate." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-11.
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Abstract. In order to investigate the recycling possibilities of coarse oyster shell aggregate, the chemical compound of oyster shell and reactivity of oyster shell with cement paste was examined. Specifically, the mechanical characteristics of fresh concrete and hardened concrete were quantified in terms of oyster shell substitution rates. Test results indicate that there is no interaction between oyster shell and cement paste and that concrete's workability decreases as the substitution rate for oyster shell increases. The decrease was about 20% at a substitution rate of 30%.
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Sadat Barikani, Ali Reza, and Mahnaz Hashemiravan. "Investigation on Interaction between Arch Dams and Frozen Water of Reservoir." In SNAME 7th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-144.
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“Amir Kabir” concrete arch dam is one of the most important of arch dams which has been built on Karaj River in Iran. In this research, “Amir Kabir” arch dam and water of the reservoir has been modeled with 3d finite elements. Interaction between arch dam and reservoir has been studied with static analysis of the 3d finite element modeling of the dam and reservoir. The results have been shown by displacement of dam crest because of the pressure of ice. The amount of ice pressure which affects on unit length of the dam crest has been obtained from Creager researches and it has been explained in the paper. In this research static and temperature analysis was done on dam and reservoir Static loads consist on weight of the dam, hydrostatic pressure of water and ice pressure as a uniform load affects on dam crest. Also contour of maximum tensile stresses and maximum pressure stresses on upstream and downstream face of the dam was shown.
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Hong, Sung-Gul, Namhee K. Hong, and In-Young Gu. "Application of ultra-high performance concrete for thermal resistance materials." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0263.
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<p>This paper investigates the thermal resistance of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) composites using different fillers of low thermal conductivity. The development of new concrete for energy saving facilities is more demanding for climate change threat to human. The use of UHPC composite with expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads as well as different fillers of low thermal conductivity has shown a viable option of architectural sandwich walls of insulation. The optimum fillers of thermal resistance for UHPC are determined by the tradeoff of compressive strength between heat conductivity. Better thermal properties of some UHPC composites make lower compressive strength of UHPC. To evaluate the varying thermal and mechanical characteristics of UHPC composites with the quantity of fillers, the method of volumetric substitution for UHPC was investigated in this paper. The UHPC composite of thermal resistance with comparable compressive strength can be possibly used for concrete blocks to transfer flexural compression force in efficient thermal breaker systems. Test results show that the strength of the concrete is greatly influenced by the curing method and the most important factors affecting the strength of concrete are curing temperature and curing time. Structural UHPC walls of thermal resistance serve as both load transfer and barrier to external temperature. To investigate the mechanical behavior of composite sandwich panels, the panels for the study are fabricated by new concrete as core and face sheets and the influence of the three components – the mechanical properties of the core material, the strength of the face sheet material, and the bond strength adhesive material – was evaluated. The flexural capacity of the specimens UHPC with EPS core showed high strength in a stable linear behavior before core cracking.</p>
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Langberg, Mikkel Frydenlev, Jakob Fisker, Lars German Hagsten, and Christian Svarre. "Behaviour of curved reinforcement bars." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.157.
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Bended or curved reinforcement bars are often met in assessment of existing reinforced concrete structures and are used in design of nodal regions such as frame corners. Although being present in many tested reinforced concrete structures, only little experimental work has been devoted specifically to the behaviour of curved bars and its interaction with the surrounding concrete. To contribute to a better understanding of this behaviour and functioning of curved reinforcement bars, a preliminary experimental programme has been conducted, the results of which are presented in this paper. The tested specimens were all 90-degree V-shaped beams subjected to constant bending, with the frame corner representing the region of interest. The varied parameter was the statical-height of the adjoining beam segments. The application of optical fibres, mounted on the curved reinforcement, allowed for assessment of the interaction between the curved bars and the concrete. This includes strain/stress variations from which the corresponding tension forces are estimated. The bar/concrete-interaction is qualitatively assessed based upon the gradient of the tension force. Photogrammetric measurements allowed for a detailed study of the accompanying crack development, which showed an area with few cracks at the corner region and a change in inclination of cracks near the corner region.
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Chaussy, Mariann, Morgan Chabannes, Arnaud Day, David Bulteel, Frederic Becquart, and Boubker Laidoudi. "Plant Biomass Used for Green Concrete: A Review of Treatment Methods." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.601.
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Human activities require a growing need for raw materials. In order to contribute to sustainable development, many business sectors are focusing on biomass valorization. Whether from dedicated crops or first industrial processing, it generates materials with high potential that can be used in many fields. Non-food uses mainly concern the energy, chemical, and construction sectors. Whatever the intended application, a pre-treatment stage is essential to clean the material and/or to access a specific fraction. An additional modification may occur in order to endow the material with a new function thanks to a process known as functionalization. Uses of plant fractions (aggregates) in combination with cement offer advantages like low-density materials with attractive thermophysical properties for building. However, their development is limited by the compatibility of crop by-products with hydraulic binders such as Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). This includes delays in setting time and hydrophilic character of vegetal components and their interaction with an alkaline environment. The aggregate/cement interfaces can therefore be strongly affected. In addition, the diversity of crop by-products and mineral binders increases the level of complexity. In order to overcome these drawbacks, the treatment of plant fractions before their use with mineral binders may result in significant benefits. In this way, various treatments have been tested, but the methods used at an industrial scale remain relatively under-researched. The purpose of this review is therefore to highlight the mechanisms involved in each specific process, thus justifying the operating conditions specific to each. This bibliography study aims to highlight potential treatments that could apply to biomass before their mixing with cementitious binders. According to the objective, a distinction can be made between extraction processes as hydrothermal or solvent treatments, assisted or not, and structural modification processes as surface treatments, impregnation, or grafting.
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Dondapati, Gopi Krishna, Debasis Deb, Ian Porter, and Shivakumar Karekal. "Elasto-Plastic Damage and Dilation Analysis of Fibre-Reinforced Thin Spray-On Liner Coated Concrete and Coal Specimens Under Compressive Loading." In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0259.
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ABSTRACT Skin support provides resistance to the shearing and spalling of exposed rock layers/blocks, as well as protecting the surface from open atmospheric contact. Thin spray-on liner (TSL) is one such skin support that can be applied to the roof or sidewalls of an excavation to enhance load-deformability behaviour. The failure behaviour of concrete and coal blocks when coated with a thin layer of polymeric liner was studied experimentally and numerically. The experimental results show a distinct "slight strain-softening zone" in the stress-strain curves of cubical concrete and coal samples when coated with a 5 mm thick polymeric liner. A micro-plane based coupled-damage-plasticity material model with the Drucker-Prager yield criterion is also implemented for determining the damage and dilation behaviour in the concrete and coal samples with and without liner. The results show that liner application reduces the magnitude of damage by nearly 23% in both concrete and coal blocks. On the other hand, the dilation angle increases rapidly to its peak value with an increase in plastic shear strain (γp). INTRODUCTION The design of structures in underground rock mass poses a unique problem to engineers from two fronts: i) before excavation, the rock is subjected to in-situ stresses, and ii) after excavation, protecting the skin of the exposed rock mass. Once the excavation is complete, the final stress state is a combination of in-situ and induced stresses (Brady & Brown, 2004). Loss of ground confinement results in softening of the skin of the excavation. It allows excessive displacements in radial and tangential directions, and causes considerable dilation. The situation worsens if the rock mass contains pre-existing geological discontinuities, material diversity, and water saturation. Lack of skin support may be one of the main factors for the key-block instability problem at the initial excavation stages. According to the key-block theory, if all potentially unstable wedges are supported, the remainder of the rock mass will remain stable due to its inability to move (Goodman, 1995). Potvin et al. (2001) suggest that liners can improve the control of small pieces of freshly exposed rocks near an active face. Skin support prevents the shearing and spalling of exposed rock layers/blocks and protects the surface from open atmospheric contact. According to Tannant (2001), small rock displacements at interactions between rock blocks are sufficient for the liner to start functioning.
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Wang, Fa-Cheng, Wen-Qi Xie, and Lin-Hai Han. "Numerical Study on Torsional Behavior of Carbon Steel-Concrete-Stainless Steel Double-Skin Tube (DST)." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18195.
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Abstract One type of submarine composite pipeline structure, with carbon steel-concrete-stainless steel (CCS) double-skin tube (DST), was introduced in this paper. This composite pipeline was expected to make optimal use of the three types of the materials, and provide significant structural and internal corrosion resistance. During installation and service stage, submarine pipelines may experience significant torsion effects. Global response of the system depends on both the behavior of each constituent part and interactions between them. In this paper, an interaction model considering the friction and the cohesive force between the steel tube and the concrete is introduced, and a finite element model of the submarine pipeline under torsion is established by using this interaction model. The developed finite element model was verified through the comparisons between the numerical and experimental determined results, in terms of torque rotation angle histories, stiffness and ultimate torque. The results show that the ultimate strength and stiffness of the model considering cohesive force are increased by 4.6% and 11.9% respectively compared with the model only considering friction force.
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OLUREMI, Johnson R. "Consistency and strength indices of geopolymerized crude oil-contaminated soil using alkaline activated blast furnace slag." In Advances in Cement and Concrete. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2025. https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903537-18.
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Abstract. Crude oil contamination has been proven to adversely alter soil's geotechnical properties, which normally renders it unsuitable for use as road construction materials. Although researchers have extensively studied various ways of remediating and improving the properties of crude oil-contaminated soils (COCS), the differing results still make it a subject of interest. This study investigated the performance evaluation of the effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) activated with a mixture of Sodium silicate and Sodium hydroxide on the strength of crude oil-contaminated soil (COCS) at different percentages by weight for safe reuse in highway construction applications. Particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, strength characteristics and microstructural and elemental study of crude oil contaminated soil obtained from Baranyowa Dere village of Ogoni land, Gokana Local Government Area, River State, Nigeria, and admixed with alkaline activated slag was studied. The interaction between COCS - GGBFS – Activator (NaOH+Na2SiO3) led to the reduction in the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) increase in the Maximum Dry Density (MDD) of the samples. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) also increased for soaked and unsoaked conditions, respectively. The percentage of silica in the admixtures reduced with increasing percentage of the additives. It was concluded that the use of alkaline-activated GGBFS is a promising stabilizer for improving the COCS's engineering properties for use in highway pavement construction.
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Somja, Hugues, Mohammed Hjiaj, Quang Huy Nguyen, André Plumier, and Hervé Degee. "THE SMARTCOCO DESIGN GUIDE FOR HYBRID CONCRETE-STEEL STRUCTURES." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7023.
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Standard buildings in steel and in reinforced concrete are constructed by two different industrial sectors with little interaction. Even steel-concrete composite buildings remain designed as steel structures, with a limited benefit of the presence of concrete slabs. For some years however, a more integrated design between both materials is used, merely in high rise and heavy loaded structures. This new trend is not supported by actual standards that give little guidance for the specific arrangements that come from this new practice. The RFCS SMARTCOCO research project is intended to fill these gaps in knowledge and provide design guidance for some composite elements covered neither by Eurocode 2 nor by Eurocode 4 : composite columns or walls reinforced by several fully encased steel sections, reinforced concrete columns reinforced by one steel section over the height of one storey and concrete flat slabs or beams connected to columns or walls by means of steel shear keys. Gaps in knowledge are mostly related to force transmission between concrete and embedded steel profiles. A generic design approach has been developed and then used to design test specimens. The results have been used to calibrate the design proposals. The output is a design guide which complements Eurocode 2 and 4.
Reports on the topic "Interaction between Materials and Concrete Face"
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Deb, Robin, Paramita Mondal, and Ardavan Ardeshirilajimi. Bridge Decks: Mitigation of Cracking and Increased Durability—Materials Solution (Phase III). Illinois Center for Transportation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-023.
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Type K cement offers a lower slump than conventional concrete, even at a higher water-to-cement ratio. Therefore, a suitable chemical admixture should be added to the Type K concrete mix design at a feasible dosage to achieve and retain target slump. In this project, a compatibility study was performed for Type K concrete with commercially available water-reducing and air-entraining admixtures. Slump and air content losses were measured over a period of 60 minutes after mixing and a particular mid-range water-reducing admixture was found to retain slump effectively. Furthermore, no significant difference in admixture interaction between conventional and Type K concrete was observed. Another concern regarding the use of Type K concrete is that its higher water-to-cement ratio can potentially lead to higher permeability and durability issues. This study also explored the effectiveness of presoaked lightweight aggregates in providing extra water for Type K hydration without increasing the water-to-cement ratio. Permeability of concrete was measured to validate that the use of presoaked lightweight aggregates can lower water adsorption in Type K concrete, enhancing its durability. Extensive data analysis was performed to link the small-scale material test results with a structural test performed at Saint Louis University. A consistent relation was established in most cases, validating the effectiveness of both testing methods in understanding the performance of proposed shrinkage-mitigation strategies. Stress analysis was performed to rank the mitigation strategies. Type K incorporation is reported to be the most effective method for shrinkage-related crack mitigation among the mixes tested in this study. The second-best choice is the use of Type K in combination with either presoaked lightweight aggregates or shrinkage-reducing admixtures. All mitigation strategies tested in this work were proved to be significantly better than using no mitigation strategy.
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Dahal, Sachindra, and Jeffery Roesler. Passive Sensing of Electromagnetic Signature of Roadway Material for Lateral Positioning of Vehicle. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-039.
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Autonomous vehicles (AV) and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) offer multiple safety benefits for drivers and road agencies. However, maintaining the lateral position of an AV or a vehicle with ADAS within a lane is a challenge, especially in adverse weather conditions when lane markings are occluded. For significant penetration of AV without compromising safety, vehicle-to-infrastructure sensing capabilities are necessary, especially during severe weather conditions. This research proposes a method to create a continuous electromagnetic (EM) signature on the roadway, using materials compatible with existing paving materials and construction methods. Laboratory testing of the proposed concept was performed on notched concrete-slab specimens and concrete prisms containing EM materials. An induction-based eddy-current sensor and magnetometers were implemented to detect the EM signature. The detected signals were compared to evaluate the effects of sensor height above the concrete surface, type of EM materials, EM-material volume, material shape, and volume of EM concrete prisms. A layer of up to 2 in. (5.1 cm) of water, ice, snow, or sand was placed between the sensor and the concrete slab to represent adverse weather conditions. Results showed that factors such as sensor height, EM-material volume, EM dosage, types of the EM material, and shape of the EM material in the prism were significant attenuators of the EM signal and must be engineered properly. Presence of adverse surface conditions had a negligible effect, as compared to normal conditions, indicating robustness of the presented method. This study proposes a promising method to complement existing sensors’ limitations in AVs and ADAS for effective lane-keeping during normal and adverse weather conditions with the help of vehicle-to-pavement interaction.