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Journal articles on the topic 'Interaction forces'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Kulik, Andrzej J., Małgorzata Lekka, Kyumin Lee, Grazyna Pyka-Fościak, and Wieslaw Nowak. "Probing fibronectin–antibody interactions using AFM force spectroscopy and lateral force microscopy." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (May 15, 2015): 1164–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.118.

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The first experiment showing the effects of specific interaction forces using lateral force microscopy (LFM) was demonstrated for lectin–carbohydrate interactions some years ago. Such measurements are possible under the assumption that specific forces strongly dominate over the non-specific ones. However, obtaining quantitative results requires the complex and tedious calibration of a torsional force. Here, a new and relatively simple method for the calibration of the torsional force is presented. The proposed calibration method is validated through the measurement of the interaction forces be

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2

Radmacher, M., J. P. Cleveland, M. Fritz, H. G. Hansma, and P. K. Hansma. "Mapping interaction forces with the atomic force microscope." Biophysical Journal 66, no. 6 (June 1994): 2159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(94)81011-2.

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3

Guttmann, Robin, Johannes Hoja, Christoph Lechner, Reinhard J. Maurer, and Alexander F. Sax. "Adhesion, forces and the stability of interfaces." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (January 11, 2019): 106–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.12.

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Weak molecular interactions (WMI) are responsible for processes such as physisorption; they are essential for the structure and stability of interfaces, and for bulk properties of liquids and molecular crystals. The dispersion interaction is one of the four basic interactions types – electrostatics, induction, dispersion and exchange repulsion – of which all WMIs are composed. The fact that each class of basic interactions covers a wide range explains the large variety of WMIs. To some of them, special names are assigned, such as hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic interactions. In chemistry, thes

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4

Zareinia, Kourosh, Yaser Maddahi, Liu Shi Gan, Ahmad Ghasemloonia, Sanju Lama, Taku Sugiyama, Fang Wei Yang, and Garnette R. Sutherland. "A Force-Sensing Bipolar Forceps to Quantify Tool–Tissue Interaction Forces in Microsurgery." IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 21, no. 5 (October 2016): 2365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2016.2563384.

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5

Leckband, Deborah, and Jacob Israelachvili. "Intermolecular forces in biology." Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 34, no. 2 (May 2001): 105–267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033583501003687.

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0. Abbreviations 1061. Introduction: overview of forces in biology 1081.1 Subtleties of biological forces and interactions 1081.2 Specific and non-specific forces and interactions 1131.3 van der Waals (VDW) forces 1141.4 Electrostatic and ’double-layer‘ forces (DLVO theory) 1221.4.1 Electrostatic and double-layer interactions at very small separation 1261.5 Hydration and hydrophobic forces (structural forces in water) 1311.6 Steric, bridging and depletion forces (polymer-mediated and tethering forces) 1371.7 Thermal fluctuation forces: entropic protrusion and undulation forces 1421.8 Compariso

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6

Li, Xue Feng, Chu Wu, Shao Xian Peng, and Jian Li. "AFM Interaction Forces of Lubricity Materials Surface." Advanced Materials Research 528 (June 2012): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.528.95.

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Micro interaction forces of lubricity surface of silicon and mica were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). From different scanning angle and bisection distance of the AFM, a new method of measuring micro static friction of lubricity surface materials was investigated. Results show that the micro coefficients of static and sliding friction of mica are less than the silicon, but the adhesive force is bigger. The mechanism of friction force of the two lubricity materials was discussed.

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Kurniawan, James, João Ventrici, Gregory Kittleson, and Tonya L. Kuhl. "Interaction Forces between Lipid Rafts." Langmuir 33, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03717.

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8

Rosenholm, Jarl B., Kai-Erik Peiponen, and Evgeny Gornov. "Materials cohesion and interaction forces." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 141, no. 1-2 (September 2008): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2008.03.001.

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9

Lee, Gil U., Linda Chrisey, and Richard J. Colton. "Measuring forces between biological macromolecules with the Atomic Force Microscope: characterization and applications." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 718–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100139962.

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Structure and function in biological macromolecular systems such as proteins and polynucleotides are based on intermolecular interactions that are short ranged and chemically specific. Our knowledge of these molecular interactions results from indirect physical and thermodynamic measurements such as x-ray crystallography, light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Direct measurement of molecular interaction forces requires that the state of a system be monitored with near atomic resolution while an independent force is applied to the system of 10−12 to 10−9 Newton magnitude.

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10

Korakianitis, T. "On the Prediction of Unsteady Forces on Gas Turbine Blades: Part 2—Analysis of the Results." Journal of Turbomachinery 114, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2927975.

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This article investigates the generation of unsteady forces on turbine blades due to potential-flow interaction and viscous-wake interaction from upstream blade rows. A computer program is used to calculate the unsteady forces on the rotor blades. Results for typical stator-to-rotor-pitch ratios and stator outlet-flow angles show that the first spatial harmonic of the unsteady force may decrease for higher stator-to-rotor-pitch ratios, while the higher spatial harmonics increase. This (apparently counterintuitive) trend for the first harmonic, and other blade row interaction issues, are explai

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11

Kim, Dongyi, Hyeon Cho, Hochul Shin, Soo-Chul Lim, and Wonjun Hwang. "An Efficient Three-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network for Inferring Physical Interaction Force from Video." Sensors 19, no. 16 (August 17, 2019): 3579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163579.

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Interaction forces are traditionally predicted by a contact type haptic sensor. In this paper, we propose a novel and practical method for inferring the interaction forces between two objects based only on video data—one of the non-contact type camera sensors—without the use of common haptic sensors. In detail, we could predict the interaction force by observing the texture changes of the target object by an external force. For this purpose, our hypothesis is that a three-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network (CNN) can be made to predict the physical interaction forces from video image

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12

Murphy, K. P., Y. Zhao, and M. Kawai. "Molecular forces involved in force generation during skeletal muscle contraction." Journal of Experimental Biology 199, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 2565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.12.2565.

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Recent advances in protein chemistry and the kinetic analysis of tension transients in skeletal muscle fibres have enabled us to elucidate the molecular forces involved in force generation by cross-bridges. On the basis of the temperature effect, we conclude that the elementary step that generates force is an endothermic reaction (the enthalpy change delta H degree = 124 kJ mol-1 at 15 degrees C), which accompanies a large entropy increase (delta S degree = 430JK-1 mol-1) and a reduction in the heat capacity (delta C p = -6.4kJ K-1 mol-1). Thus, it can be concluded that the force-generating st

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13

Touhami, Ahmed, Barbara Hoffmann, Andrea Vasella, Frédéric A. Denis, and Yves F. Dufrêne. "Aggregation of yeast cells: direct measurement of discrete lectin–carbohydrate interactions." Microbiology 149, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 2873–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26431-0.

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Aggregation of microbial cells mediated by specific interactions plays a pivotal role in the natural environment, in medicine and in biotechnological processes. Here we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to measure individual lectin–carbohydrate interactions involved in the flocculation of yeast cells, an aggregation event of crucial importance in fermentation technology. AFM probes functionalized with oligoglucose carbohydrates were used to record force-distance curves on living yeast cells at a rate of 0·5 μm s−1. Flocculating cells showed adhesion forces of 121±53 pN, reflecting the specifi

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14

Waar, Karola, Henny C. van der Mei, Hermie J. M. Harmsen, Joop de Vries, Jelly Atema-Smit, John E. Degener, and Henk J. Busscher. "Atomic force microscopy study on specificity and non-specificity of interaction forces between Enterococcus faecalis cells with and without aggregation substance." Microbiology 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 2459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27877-0.

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Enterococcus faecalis is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections, and indwelling medical devices are especially prone to infection. E. faecalis expressing aggregation substance (Agg) adheres to biomaterial surfaces by means of positive cooperativity, i.e. the ability of one adhering organism to stimulate adhesion of other organisms in its immediate vicinity. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the specificity and non-specificity of interaction forces between E. faecalis cells with and without Agg. Bacteria were attached to a substratum surface and

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15

Dagastine, Raymond R., Tam T. Chau, D. Y. C. Chan, Geoffrey W. Stevens, and Franz Grieser. "Interaction forces between oil–water particle interfaces—Non-DLVO forces." Faraday Discuss. 129 (2005): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b405750c.

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16

Laskow, V., P. A. Spencer, and I. M. Bayly. "The MV Robert LeMeur Ice/Propeller Interaction Project: Full-Scale Data." Marine Technology and SNAME News 23, no. 04 (October 1, 1986): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1986.23.4.301.

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An experimental program was conducted in which ice/propeller interaction data were collected on a twin-shaft shrouded controllable pitch propeller vessel with 3500 kW per shaft line. The tests were conducted in late June 1984 in the seasonal ice of the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Collected data illustrate the phenomena occurring in the Kort nozzle. A number of observations were made: interaction forces during nozzle blockage are of the same magnitude as during ice-blade impact; the maximum ice-induced blade force is not a function of ship speed; maximum ice-induced blade force occurs near relative

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17

Stoyanova, V., and D. Nenow. "Block Lattices with Asymmetric Interaction Forces." Crystal Research and Technology 35, no. 2 (February 2000): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4079(200002)35:2<143::aid-crat143>3.0.co;2-x.

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18

Wood, Jonathan, and Ravi Sharma. "Interaction forces between hydrophobic mica surfaces." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 9, no. 8 (January 1995): 1075–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856195x00914.

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19

Banquy, Xavier, Kai Kristianson, Dong Woog Lee, Joan Boggs, Cynthia Husted, Younjin Min, Joe Zasadzinski, and Jacob Israelachvili. "Interaction Forces Between Model Myelin Membranes." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 3 (February 2011): 633a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.3641.

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20

Tadros, Tharwat. "Interaction forces between adsorbed polymer layers." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 165, no. 2 (July 2011): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2011.02.002.

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21

Schuring, D. J. "Uniformity of Tire-Wheel Assemblies." Tire Science and Technology 19, no. 4 (October 1, 1991): 213–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2141716.

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Abstract Interactions between the tire and wheel of an assembly are adding extra nonuniformities to those of the tire and wheel themselves. The additional nonuniformities are not small. In one example their average effect on the radial force was 25 to 30 N for two commercial wheels, and 10 N for a precision-machined wheel. Interaction forces are acting randomly and hence are seriously disturbing any tire-wheel matching effort. A simple statistical model is suggested, describing their distribution and allowing an estimation of their effects on tire-wheel matching. At this time no leading cause

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22

Hofmeister, Anne M., and Everett M. Criss. "Constraints on Newtonian Interplanetary Point-Mass Interactions in Multicomponent Systems from the Symmetry of Their Cycles." Symmetry 13, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13050846.

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Interplanetary interactions are the largest forces in our Solar System that disturb the planets from their elliptical orbits around the Sun, yet are weak (<10−3 Solar). Currently, these perturbations are computed in pairs using Hill’s model for steady-state, central forces between one circular and one elliptical ring of mass. However, forces between rings are not central. To represent interplanetary interactions, which are transient, time-dependent, and cyclical, we build upon Newton’s model of interacting point-mass pairs, focusing on circular orbits of the eight largest bodies. To probe g

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23

Li, Ru-Yu, Jin-Jian Chen, and Chen-Cong Liao. "Numerical Study on Interaction between Submarine Landslides and a Monopile Using CFD Techniques." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9070736.

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Offshore installations with pile foundations in shallow water are vulnerable to submarine landslides, which cause serious damage to engineering facilities, loss of life, and loss of money. Due to a shortage of real observation data and the difficulty of reproduction, we lack insight into the interaction behavior between submarine landslides and monopiles. This study capitalized on ANSYS Fluent 20.0 to develop a three-dimensional biphasic (water and slurry) numerical model. This CFD model was used to analyze the interaction between a monopile and submarine landslides at different flow heights.

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24

Iakovou, Georgios, Steven Hayward, and Stephen Laycock. "A real-time proximity querying algorithm for haptic-based molecular docking." Faraday Discuss. 169 (2014): 359–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3fd00123g.

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Intermolecular binding underlies every metabolic and regulatory processes of the cell, and the therapeutic and pharmacological properties of drugs. Molecular docking systems model and simulate these interactions in silico and allow us to study the binding process. Haptic-based docking provides an immersive virtual docking environment where the user can interact with and guide the molecules to their binding pose. Moreover, it allows human perception, intuition and knowledge to assist and accelerate the docking process, and reduces incorrect binding poses. Crucial for interactive docking is the

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25

Assemi, Shoeleh, Anh V. Nguyen, and Jan D. Miller. "Direct measurement of particle–bubble interaction forces using atomic force microscopy." International Journal of Mineral Processing 89, no. 1-4 (December 2008): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2008.09.005.

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26

Baumgartner, W., P. Hinterdorfer, and H. Schindler. "Data analysis of interaction forces measured with the atomic force microscope." Ultramicroscopy 82, no. 1-4 (February 2000): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3991(99)00154-0.

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27

Stark, M., R. W. Stark, W. M. Heckl, and R. Guckenberger. "Inverting dynamic force microscopy: From signals to time-resolved interaction forces." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99, no. 13 (June 17, 2002): 8473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.122040599.

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28

Coffey, M. W. "Closed-form magnetostatic interaction energies and forces in magnetic force microscopy." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 28, no. 15 (August 7, 1995): 4201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/28/15/002.

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29

Wallqvist, Viveca, Per M. Claesson, Agne Swerin, Joachim Schoelkopf, and Patrick A. C. Gane. "Interaction Forces between Talc and Pitch Probed by Atomic Force Microscopy." Langmuir 23, no. 8 (April 2007): 4248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0633435.

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30

Tromas, Christophe, and Ricardo Garcia. "ChemInform Abstract: Interaction Forces with Carbohydrates Measured by Atomic Force Microscopy." ChemInform 33, no. 23 (May 21, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200223299.

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31

Li, Mi, LianQing Liu, Ning Xi, YueChao Wang, ZaiLi Dong, GuangYong Li, XiuBin Xiao, and WeiJing Zhang. "Detecting CD20-Rituximab interaction forces using AFM single-molecule force spectroscopy." Chinese Science Bulletin 56, no. 35 (December 2011): 3829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-011-4789-0.

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32

Tokatli, Ozan, and Volkan Patoglu. "Non-Overshooting Force Control of Series Elastic Actuators." Solid State Phenomena 166-167 (September 2010): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.166-167.421.

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Whenever mechanical devices are used to interact with the environment, accurate control of the forces occurring at the interaction surfaces arises as an important challenge. Traditionally, force controlled systems utilize stiff force sensors in the feedback loop to measure and regulate the interaction forces. Series elastic actuation (SEA) is an alternative approach to force control, in which the deflection of a compliant element (orders of magnitude less stiff than a typical force sensor) placed between motor and the environment is controlled to regulate the interaction forces. The use of SEA

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33

Gupta, Vineet, Narender P. Reddy, and Pelin Batur. "Forces in Laparoscopic Surgical Tools." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 6, no. 2 (April 1997): 218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.1997.6.2.218.

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Minimally invasive surgery (MIS), even with its shortcomings, has had a far reaching impact in the field of surgery. During MIS procedures, as the surgeon's hands are remote from the site of the surgery, they do not have a feel of the tissue being manipulated and the forces that should be applied to manipulate the tissue. Studies are being conducted to provide tactile and force feedback of the tissues being manipulated to the surgeon. However, the surgeons are trained in conventional surgery and are familiar with the forces that they apply on the conventional surgical tools. Therefore, before

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34

Oropesa-Nuñez, Reinier, Andrea Mescola, Massimo Vassalli, and Claudio Canale. "Impact of Experimental Parameters on Cell–Cell Force Spectroscopy Signature." Sensors 21, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041069.

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Atomic force microscopy is an extremely versatile technique, featuring atomic-scale imaging resolution, and also offering the possibility to probe interaction forces down to few pN. Recently, this technique has been specialized to study the interaction between single living cells, one on the substrate, and a second being adhered on the cantilever. Cell–cell force spectroscopy offers a unique tool to investigate in fine detail intra-cellular interactions, and it holds great promise to elucidate elusive phenomena in physiology and pathology. Here we present a systematic study of the effect of th

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35

Gregory, John. "The Role of Colloid Interactions in Solid-Liquid Separation." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 10 (May 1, 1993): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0195.

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Forces between particles in water become especially important when the particles are in the colloidal size range (less than a few mm). To a first approximation inter-particle forces or colloid interactions are linearly dependent on particle size and they become stronger, relative to external forces, as particle size decreases. The separation of fine particles from water by processes such as coagulation, filtration and flotation can be crucially dependent on the manipulation of colloid interactions, usually to promote attachment of particles to each other or to surfaces. The most important type

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36

Zheng, Yi. "A Generalization of Electromagnetic Fluctuation-Induced Casimir Energy." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/198657.

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Intermolecular forces responsible for adhesion and cohesion can be classified according to their origins; interactions between charges, ions, random dipole—random dipole (Keesom), random dipole—induced dipole (Debye) are due to electrostatic effects; covalent bonding, London dispersion forces between fluctuating dipoles, and Lewis acid-base interactions are due to quantum mechanical effects; pressure and osmotic forces are of entropic origin. Of all these interactions, the London dispersion interaction is universal and exists between all types of atoms as well as macroscopic objects. The dispe

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37

Kuchuk, Kfir, and Uri Sivan. "Accurate, explicit formulae for higher harmonic force spectroscopy by frequency modulation-AFM." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (January 13, 2015): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.14.

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The nonlinear interaction between an AFM tip and a sample gives rise to oscillations of the cantilever at integral multiples (harmonics) of the fundamental resonance frequency. The higher order harmonics have long been recognized to hold invaluable information on short range interactions but their utilization has thus far been relatively limited due to theoretical and experimental complexities. In particular, existing approximations of the interaction force in terms of higher harmonic amplitudes generally require simultaneous measurements of multiple harmonics to achieve satisfactory accuracy.

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38

PINCET, FRÉDÉRIC, ERIC PEREZ, GARY BRYANT, LUC LEBEAU, and CHARLES MIOSKOWSKI. "SPECIFIC FORCES BETWEEN DNA BASES." Modern Physics Letters B 10, no. 03n05 (February 28, 1996): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984996000122.

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Molecular recognition occurs at all levels of living matter but the mechanisms are not understood in physical terms. One striking example is that of DNA whose properties are intimately related to the specific molecular interactions of four nucleosides, based on hydrogen-bonds and size complementarities. We have directly measured the interaction between two of them, adenosine and thymidine, using a surface force apparatus. In these experiments, lipids functionalised with nucleosides were synthesised, and used to coat the surfaces between which forces were measured. The interactions of complemen

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Kim, Yoon Hyuk. "Interaction between Finger Force and Neural Command in Multi-Finger Force Production." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.751.

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In this study, we investigated the relationship between the finger force and the neural command in multi-finger force production tasks in order to characterize the neural enslaving effect and the force-deficit effect among fingers. Seven healthy male subjects were instructed to press one, two, three and four fingers on the finger sensors as hard as possible acting in parallel in all possible combinations. Then, the finger forces in each task were recorded and analyzed to represent the neural enslaving effect and the force-deficit effect. The results confirmed that individual finger forces were

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40

Allen, S., S. M. Rigby-Singleton, H. Harris, M. C. Davies, and P. O'Shea. "Measuring and visualizing single molecular interactions in biology." Biochemical Society Transactions 31, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 1052–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0311052.

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In recent years, considerable attention has focused upon the biological applications of the atomic force microscope (AFM), and in particular in its ability to explore biomolecular interaction events at the single molecule level. Such measurements can provide considerable advantages, as they remove the data averaging inherent in other biophysical/biochemical approaches that record measurements over large ensembles of molecules. To this end AFM has been used for both the high-resolution imaging of a range of individual biological molecules and their complexes, and to record interaction forces be

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41

Dobryden, Illia, Elizaveta Mensi, Allan Holmgren, and Nils Almqvist. "Surface Forces between Nanomagnetite and Silica in Aqueous Ca2+ Solutions Studied with AFM Colloidal Probe Method." Colloids and Interfaces 4, no. 3 (September 10, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids4030041.

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Dispersion and aggregation of nanomagnetite (Fe3O4) and silica (SiO2) particles are of high importance in various applications, such as biomedicine, nanoelectronics, drug delivery, flotation, and pelletization of iron ore. In directly probing nanomagnetite–silica interaction, atomic force microscopy (AFM) using the colloidal probe technique has proven to be a suitable tool. In this work, the interaction between nanomagnetite and silica particles was measured with AFM in aqueous Ca2+ solution at different pH levels. This study showed that the qualitative changes of the interaction forces with p

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42

Doi, Takumi, Takumi Iritani, Sinya Aoki, Shinya Gongyo, Tetsuo Hatsuda, Yoichi Ikeda, Takashi Inoue та ін. "Baryon interactions from lattice QCD with physical quark masses – Nuclear forces and ΞΞ forces –". EPJ Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817505009.

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We present the latest lattice QCD results for baryon interactions obtained at nearly physical quark masses. Nf = 2 + 1 nonperturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson quark action with stout smearing and Iwasaki gauge action are employed on the lattice of (96a)4 ≃(8.1fm)4 with a-1 ≃2.3 GeV, where mπ ≃146 MeV and mK ≃525 MeV. In this report, we study the two-nucleon systems and two-Ξ systems in 1S0 channel and 3S1-3D1 coupled channel, and extract central and tensor interactions by the HAL QCD method. We also present the results for the NΩ interaction in 5S2 channel which is relevant to the NΩ pair-momen

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43

Litvinov, Rustem I., Henry Shuman, John Weisel та Joel S. Bennett. "Measurement of the Lifetime of Bonds Between αIIbβ3 and Fibrinogen Using Constant Unbinding Forces Generated by Optical Tweezers". Blood 112, № 11 (16 листопада 2008): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.254.254.

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Abstract We have shown that the distribution of rupture forces between individual αIIbβ3 and fibrinogen molecules displays at least two components that differ in kinetics, loading rate dependence, and susceptibility to activation and inhibition of the integrin. This suggests that the binding and unbinding of αIIbβ3 and fibrinogen is a complex multistep process that depends on the conformational state of both αIIbβ3 and fibrinogen, the duration of their interaction, and environmental factors such as externally-applied shear force. To directly test these possibilities, we quantified the lifetime

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44

Lorenzo, Alicia C., Pedro G. Pascutti, and Paulo M. Bisch. "Nonspecific interaction forces at water-membrane interface by forced molecular dynamics simulations." Journal of Computational Chemistry 24, no. 3 (January 23, 2003): 328–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.10163.

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45

Perveen, Asma, M. Rahman, and Y. S. Wong. "Modeling of Vertical Micro Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 625 (August 2014): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.625.463.

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Due to the small feed rate used in micro-machining, ploughing force needs to be considered in addition to the chip formation force. A new analytical model has been proposed to calculate cutting forces of micro-grinding process based on the process configuration, work piece material properties, and micro-grinding tool topography. The proposed approach allows the calculation of cutting force comprising both the chip formation force and ploughing forcec considering single grain interaction.

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Damircheli, M., and M. H. Korayem. "Dynamic analysis of AFM by applying Timoshenko beam theory in tapping mode and considering the impact of interaction forces in a liquid environment." Canadian Journal of Physics 92, no. 6 (June 2014): 472–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2012-0355.

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In an atomic force microscope (AFM), the cantilever vibrates by excitation at a frequency near the fundamental frequency, and the changes in vibration parameters, which result from the nonlinear forces of interaction between sample and cantilever tip, can be used as a tool to reveal the properties of the sample. To properly describe the images acquired by the AFM and to approximate the properties of the investigated sample, it is essential to use analytical and numerical models that can accurately simulate the dynamics of the cantilever and sample. For short beams, the Timoshenko model seems t

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Rajan, Krishna, Rajiv Singh, J. Adler, U. Mahajan, Y. Rabinovich, and B. M. Moudgil. "Surface interaction forces in chemical-mechanical planarization." Thin Solid Films 308-309 (October 1997): 529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6090(97)00501-4.

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Chakrabarti, Subrata. "Hydrodynamic interaction forces on multi-moduled structures." Ocean Engineering 27, no. 10 (October 2000): 1037–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-8018(99)00034-7.

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Tai, Feng-I., Olof Sterner, Olof Andersson, Tobias Ekblad, and Thomas Ederth. "Interaction Forces on Polyampholytic Hydrogel Gradient Surfaces." ACS Omega 4, no. 3 (March 21, 2019): 5670–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00339.

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Wu, X., J. Czarnecki, N. Hamza, and J. Masliyah. "Interaction Forces between Bitumen Droplets in Water." Langmuir 15, no. 16 (August 1999): 5244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la981546q.

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