Academic literature on the topic 'Interactions surface continentale et atmosphère'
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Journal articles on the topic "Interactions surface continentale et atmosphère"
Bélair, Stéphane, and Aaron Boone. "La représentation des surfaces continentales pour la prévision numérique du temps." La Météorologie, no. 108 (2020): 059. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0017.
Full textDecharme, Bertrand, Christine Delire, and Aaron Boone. "La représentation des surfaces continentales dans la modélisation du climat à Météo-France." La Météorologie, no. 108 (2020): 067. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0018.
Full textGentine, Pierre, Adam Massmann, Benjamin R. Lintner, Sayed Hamed Alemohammad, Rong Fu, Julia K. Green, Daniel Kennedy, and Jordi Vilà-Guerau de Arellano. "Land–atmosphere interactions in the tropics – a review." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 10 (October 17, 2019): 4171–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4171-2019.
Full textBergot, Thierry, Pierre Bessemoulin, and Claire Sarrat. "Apport des campagnes de mesures pour la compréhension des interactions sol-végétation-atmosphère." La Météorologie, no. 108 (2020): 046. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0015.
Full textKastendeuch, Pierre P., and Georges Najjar. "Une simulation des interactions ville-atmosphère à différentes échelles : application sur Strasbourg." Climatologie 12 (2015): 44–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.1118.
Full textParkes, Stephen D., Matthew F. McCabe, Alan D. Griffiths, Lixin Wang, Scott Chambers, Ali Ershadi, Alastair G. Williams, Josiah Strauss, and Adrian Element. "Response of water vapour D-excess to land–atmosphere interactions in a semi-arid environment." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 1 (January 27, 2017): 533–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-533-2017.
Full textPlanton, Serge, and Jean-François Mahfouf. "Une nouvelle description des surfaces continentales pour les modèles de Météo-France : les origines du schéma Isba." La Météorologie, no. 108 (2020): 038. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0014.
Full textSwenson, Sean, and John Wahr. "Estimating Large-Scale Precipitation Minus Evapotranspiration from GRACE Satellite Gravity Measurements." Journal of Hydrometeorology 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 252–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm478.1.
Full textYang, Zhao, and Francina Dominguez. "Investigating Land Surface Effects on the Moisture Transport over South America with a Moisture Tagging Model." Journal of Climate 32, no. 19 (September 6, 2019): 6627–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0700.1.
Full textSofen, E. D., D. Bowdalo, and M. J. Evans. "How to most effectively expand the global surface ozone observing network." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 15 (August 5, 2015): 21025–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-21025-2015.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Interactions surface continentale et atmosphère"
Gibelin, Anne-Laure. "Cycle du carbone dans un modèle de surface continentale : modélisation, validation et mise en oeuvre à l'échelle globale." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164054.
Full textUne nouvelle option du modèle, nommée ISBA-CC, est aussi développée afin de simuler de manière plus réaliste la respiration de l'écosystème, en distinguant la respiration autotrophe et la respiration hétérotrophe.
La validation de la dynamique de la végétation et des flux de carbone échangés, à la fois à l'échelle globale à l'aide de données satellitaires, et à l'échelle locale sur 26 sites de mesure du réseau FLUXNET, montre que le modèle de surface est suffisamment réaliste pour être couplé à un modèle de circulation générale, afin de simuler les interactions entre la surface continentale, l'atmosphère et le cycle du carbone.
Lathière, Juliette. "Evolution des émissions de composés organiques et azotés par la biosphère continentale dans le modèle LMDz-INCA-ORCHIDEE." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066322.
Full textAit-Mesbah, Sounia Sekoura. "Rôle de l'inertie thermique et du couplage surface-atmosphère sur la valeur moyenne et le cycle diurne de la température de surface." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066136/document.
Full textThe main objectives of this study are to analyze the surface-atmosphere coupling mechanisms controlling the mean temperature and its diurnal cycle in the dry, humid and transitional zones. We show that thermal inertia plays a key role on the surface temperature in dry regions. The sensitivity of surface temperature to thermal inertia is high during the night but low during the day, impacting the mean surface temperature. We demonstrate that this effect is directly related to the instability of the planetary boundary layer, which is higher during the day compared to the night.Moreover, we emphasize the dual role of the solar forcing. The first one is to be the source of the diurnal contrast of the planetary boundary layer, which is the origin of the diurnal asymmetry of the surface temperature response to thermal inertia. The second one is to attenuate this effect, since the high asymmetry of the solar forcing foster the sensitivity of the day temperature compared to the night. In humid regions, we notice that the sensitivity of the surface temperature to thermal inertia is weak. This is due to the high values of the latent heat flux which controls the surface temperature. Nevertheless, we should point out that the thermal inertia may have an impact on the water budget at the surface, as it is the case in the Indian Monsoon region. In the transitional regions, we show that the relation between surface temperature and soil moisture is attenuated by about 20 to 50 % because of the dependency of the thermal inertia to soil water content. Hence, we suggest to integrated the effect of soil moisture on the thermal inertia in addition to its effect on evaporation
Rochetin, Nicolas. "Interactions entre processus de surface et convection profonde sur les continents tropicaux : représentation dans un modèle de climat." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066280.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to show that the coupling mechanisms between deep convection and its local environment, through processes in clouds and surface affect its onset, and thus not only the diurnal cycle but also inter-diurnal variability of convection cloud. The analysis of these couplings through the prism radiative convective equilibrium, on the one hand, and their best representation by the introduction of a parameterization of the triggering stochastic, on the other hand, are conducted exclusively through the LMD GCM unicolonne (LMDZ). Radiative Convective Equilibrium (ERC) allows us to identify the signing of the new climate parameterization. We put the first issue of which is the sensitivity of deep convection conditions surface at equilibrium. We first worked in an idealized convective and radiative equilibrium without coupling with the radiation and soil (surface conditions are prescribed temperature coefficient and evapotranspiration). This very simplified case allows us to assess how changing the relative weight of each subgrid process according to the partitioning between sensible flux and latent flux. Then we place ourselves in a more realistic, with a continental ERC with a diurnal cycle, radiation and a surface coupled to the atmosphere, and finally a simplified hydrology. A sensitivity analysis of convection in continental surface moisture carried in SCM (Single Column Model) and compared with satellite data shows good agreement between the ERC Continental and observations. It then examines the interactions between deep convection and processes sub-cloud to short time scales: in particular the problem of transition to deep convection over continents. According to the statistical analysis of a simulation LES of a case of isolated thunderstorm trigger on semi-arid land (if AMMA) we propose a stochastic formulation of the outbreak. The latter is then integrated in the form of a parameterization, the LMD GCM (LMDZ) and then tested through case studies of various 1D, its added value compared to the previous parameterization is also discussed. Finally this new parameterization is analyzed within the framework of the ERC Continental, and we find the same effect on the intra-day and inter-diurnal convection than diagnosed realistic case with 1D and 3D model. The ERC would then include the footprint of the new parameterization
Boulet, Gilles. "Modélisation des changements d'échelle et prise en compte des hétérogénéités de surface et de leur variabilité spatiales dans les interactions sol-végétation-atmosphère." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10038.
Full textThis study presents and evaluates a few methodologies for scaling the water and energy balance processes at the surface of the continents. The main objectives are i) to evaluate the impact of partial surface vegetation cover and surface parameters variability on the Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT) modelling and ii) to introduce some scaling methods to link the model formalism and parameters between the point scale and the regional scale ( upscaling). We first tried to find the appropriate representation of patchy vegetated surface functioning (small-scale heterogeneity). Partially vegetated surfaces are classically described by “dual source” SVAT models where standing vegetation and the underlying substrate are organised the one above the other. This proves to be unrealistic when large fractions of bare soil interact directly with the atmosphere. We investigated the threshold value of a roughness index for which the substrate and the vegetation have to be described as a “mosaic”, i. E. Side by side. On a larger scale, a Statistical Analysis has been performed to evaluate the impact of parameter variability on the seasonal and annual water balance for a medium size water catchment located in Australia. Aggregation rules aiming at deriving effective parameters representative of the regional scale have been verified or invalidated. Then the one-dimensional representation of the SiSPAT (Simple Soil Vegetation Atmosphere Transfer) SVAT model has been extended with the help of a stochastic and a deterministic distributions and compared with equivalent hydrological representations. As an alternative to the complexity of the SiSPAT SVAT model, a simple parameterisation of the main land surface processes has been developed and partially evaluated. This analytical scheme holds some promise for scaling applications
Poutou, Estelle. "Etude numérique du rôle des interactions entre la surface et l'atmosphère dans le cadre d'un changement climatique aux hautes latitudes nord." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004185.
Full textArdilouze, Constantin. "Impact de l'humidité du sol sur la prévisibilité du climat estival aux moyennes latitudes." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0048/document.
Full textSevere heat waves and droughts that episodically hit temperate regions have detrimental consequences on health, economy and society. The design and deployment of efficient preparedness strategies foster high expectations for the prediction of such events a few weeks or months ahead. Their likely increased frequency throughout the 21st century, as envisaged by climate projections, further emphasizes these expectations. Nevertheless, the summer season is the most difficult to predict over mid-latitudes. Well-known sources of predictability are weaker than in winter and current climate prediction systems struggle to adequately represent associated teleconnection mechanisms. An increasing number of studies have shown a statistical link over some regions between spring soil moisture and subsequent summer temperature and precipitation. This link has been partly confirmed in climate numerical models, but many questions remain. The purpose of this PhD thesis is to better understand the role played by soil moisture onthe characteristics and predictability of the summer climate in temperate regions. By means of the CNRM-CM coupled general circulation model, we have designed a range of numerical simulations which help us evaluate the persistence level of spring soil moisture anomalies. Indeed, a long persistence is a necessary condition for these anomalies to influence the climate at the seasonal scale, through the process of evapotranspiration. By imposing in our model idealized initial and boundary soil moisture conditions, we have highlighted areas of the globe for which the average state and the variability of temperatures and precipitation in summer is particularly sensitive to these conditions. This is the case in particular for Europe and North America, including over high latitudes. Soil moisture is therefore a promising source of potential seasonal climate predictability for these regions, although the persistence of soil moisture anomalies remains locally very uncertain. An effective predictability coordinated experiment, bringing together several prediction systems, shows that a realistic soil moisture initialization improves the forecast skill of summer temperatures mainly over southeast Europe. In other regions, such as Northern Europe, the disagreement between models comes from uncertainty about the persistence of soil moisture anomalies. On the other hand, over the American Great Plains, even the forecasts with improved soil moisture initialization remain unsuccessful. Yet, the literature as well as our assessment of climate sensitivity to soil moisture have identified this region as a "hotspot" of soil moisture - atmosphere coupling. We assume that the failure of these predictions relates to the strong hot and dry bias present in all models over this region in summer, which leads to excessive soil drying. To verify this assumption, we developed a method that corrects these biases during the forecast integration based on the CNRM-CM6 model. The resulting forecasts are significantly improved over the Great Plains. Understanding the origin of continental biases in the summer and reducing them in future generations of climate models are essential steps to making the most of soil moisture as a source of seasonal predictability in temperate regions
Ayet, Alex. "Flux de quantité de mouvement à l'interface air-mer : approche théorique du couplage entre turbulence et vagues de vent On the Impact of Long Wind-Waves on Near-Surface Turbulence and Momentum Fluxes, in Boundary-Layer Meteorology volume 174, March 2020 Scalewise return to isotropy in stratified boundary layer flows, in JGR Atmospheres 125 (16), August 2020 Scaling laws for the length scale of energy‐containing eddies in a sheared and thermally stratified atmospheric surface layer, in Geophysical Research Letters 47(23), December 2020." Thesis, Brest, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BRES0038.
Full textDespite numerous works, the causal link between wind and waves is still a controversial subject. This is due, among others, to the multi-scale nature of a realistic ocean surface and to wave breaking, which changes its topology. In this thesis, such problems are studied from a theoretical perspective, using a phenomenological model linking the spectral and averaged properties of wall-bounded turbulence through the geometry attached eddies.The first part of the thesis revisits this phenomenological model by questioning its underlying assumptions and, in particular, reveals inconsistencies in the models used for the energy redistribution between turbulence components (the Rotta model). The phenomenological model is then used to study the coupling between long wind-waves (of order 10m) and turbulence. Results indicate that the deformation of attached eddies, induced by this interaction, could explain some of the variability in momentum fluxes for a given mean wind. Finally, the study of the coupling between turbulence and short breaking waves is approached by defining a roughness sublayer, in which the properties of the attached eddies depend solely on the speed of the dominant breaking fronts for a given wind. These two studies from the basis of a new paradigm to study the multi-scale coupling between the turbulent and wave spectra. This would allow accounting for the influence of environmental parameters on momentum and heat fluxes, and opens new paths both from a theoretical perspective and for the analysis of experimental data
Barbero, Renaud. "Variabilité pluviométrique en Nouvelle-Calédonie et températures de surface océanique dans le Pacifique tropical (1950-2010) : impacts sur les incendies (2000-2010)." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00715528.
Full textSudre, J. "Circulation submésoéchelle et comportements des prédateurs marins supérieurs : Apport de l'analyse multi-échelles et multi-capteurs." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00929804.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Interactions surface continentale et atmosphère"
Bianchi, Thomas S. "Estuarine–Coastal Interactions." In Biogeochemistry of Estuaries. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195160826.003.0028.
Full textBianchi, Thomas S. "Hydrodynamics." In Biogeochemistry of Estuaries. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195160826.003.0009.
Full textGarreaud, René D., and Patricio Aceituno. "Atmospheric Circulation and Climatic Variability." In The Physical Geography of South America. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195313413.003.0010.
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