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Journal articles on the topic 'Interactions surface troposphère'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Perevedentsev, Y. P., N. V. Ismagilov, N. A. Mirsaeva, V. V. Guryanov, A. A. Nikolaev, and K. M. Shantalinsky. "Seasonal Variations in Stratospheric Circulation and Interactions between the Troposphere and the Stratosphere." Известия Российской академии наук. Физика атмосферы и океана 59, no. 6 (2023): 720–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s000235152306007x.

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Based on the data of the ERA5 reanalysis, the dates of spring and autumn rearrangements of the stratospheric circulation on isobaric surfaces of 30, 20 and 10 gPa in the latitude zone of 30–90° C. in the period 1979–2020 were obtained. Of the 42 cases of spring restructuring, 10 belong to the early, 15 to the middle and 17 to the late. The spread in the dates of spring rearrangements on the surface of 10 hPa is 69 days. Most often, the spring restructuring of the circulation occurs from top to bottom, in some years, the delay of spring restructuring on the surface of 30 gPa relative to the sur

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2

Marcheggiani, Andrea, and Thomas Spengler. "Diabatic effects on the evolution of storm tracks." Weather and Climate Dynamics 4, no. 4 (2023): 927–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-927-2023.

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Abstract. Despite the crucial role of moist diabatic processes in mid-latitude storm tracks and related model biases, we still lack a more complete theoretical understanding of how diabatic processes affect the evolution of storm tracks. To alleviate this shortcoming, we investigate the role of diabatic processes in the evolution of the northern hemispheric storm tracks using a framework based on the tendency of the slope of isentropic surfaces as a measure of baroclinic development. We identify opposing behaviours in the near-surface and free troposphere for the relationship between the flatt

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3

Cohen, Judah, Mathew Barlow, Paul J. Kushner, and Kazuyuki Saito. "Stratosphere–Troposphere Coupling and Links with Eurasian Land Surface Variability." Journal of Climate 20, no. 21 (2007): 5335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli1725.1.

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Abstract A diagnostic of Northern Hemisphere winter extratropical stratosphere–troposphere interactions is presented to facilitate the study of stratosphere–troposphere coupling and to examine what might influence these interactions. The diagnostic is a multivariate EOF combining lower-stratospheric planetary wave activity flux in December with sea level pressure in January. This EOF analysis captures a strong linkage between the vertical component of lower-stratospheric wave activity over Eurasia and the subsequent development of hemisphere-wide surface circulation anomalies, which are strong

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4

Daibova, Elena B., Tamara S. Minakova, Valeriy S. Zakharenko, Natalia I. Kosova, Irina A. Kurzina, and Alla B. Zotova. "Acid-Base and Photoinduced Processes on Magnesium-Containing Minerals and their Influence on the Troposphere Cleaning." Advanced Materials Research 1085 (February 2015): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1085.119.

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Acid-base, adsorption and photosorption properties of microparticles surface of magnesium-containing compounds produced by dispersion of natural minerals after exposure to the air were studied. It was revealed that the reduction in predominant basicity of minerals surface in a range of periclase (MgO), brucite (Mg (OH)2) and magnesite (MgCO3) can be considered as a result of the presence of iron, silicon and magnesium oxide compounds. Quantum-chemical calculations made during the investigation, the decrease of pressure in the process of long-term contact of Freon 22 with the surface of MgO, ir

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5

Ait-Chaalal, Farid, and Tapio Schneider. "Why Eddy Momentum Fluxes are Concentrated in the Upper Troposphere." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 4 (2015): 1585–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0243.1.

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Abstract The extratropical eddy momentum flux (EMF) is controlled by generation, propagation, and dissipation of large-scale eddies and is concentrated in Earth’s upper troposphere. An idealized GCM is used to investigate how this EMF structure arises. In simulations in which the poles are heated more strongly than the equator, EMF is concentrated near the surface, demonstrating that surface drag generally is not responsible for the upper-tropospheric EMF concentration. Although Earth’s upper troposphere favors linear wave propagation, quasi-linear simulations in which nonlinear eddy–eddy inte

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6

Kim, So-Young, Song-You Hong, Young Cheol Kwon, Yong Hee Lee, and Da-Eun Kim. "Effects of Modified Surface Roughness Length over Shallow Waters in a Regional Model Simulation." Atmosphere 10, no. 12 (2019): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120818.

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The effects of modified sea-surface roughness length over shallow waters are examined in a regional climate simulation over East Asia centered on the Korean Peninsula, using the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-ARW). The control experiment calculates the sea-surface roughness length as a function of friction velocity based on the Charnock relationship. The experiment considering water depth in the sea-surface roughness length over shallow waters is compared with the control experiment. In the experiment considering water depth, the excessive near-surface wind speed

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7

Haase, Sabine, and Katja Matthes. "The importance of interactive chemistry for stratosphere–troposphere coupling." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 5 (2019): 3417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3417-2019.

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Abstract. Recent observational and modeling studies suggest that stratospheric ozone depletion not only influences the surface climate in the Southern Hemisphere (SH), but also impacts Northern Hemisphere (NH) spring, which implies a strong interaction between dynamics and chemistry. Here, we systematically analyze the importance of interactive chemistry with respect to the representation of stratosphere–troposphere coupling and in particular the effects on NH surface climate during the recent past. We use the interactive and specified chemistry version of NCAR's Whole Atmosphere Community Cli

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8

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. "Interaction of HNO3with water-ice surfaces at temperatures of the free troposphere." Geophysical Research Letters 24, no. 12 (1997): 1479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97gl01403.

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9

Daibova, Elena B., Tamara S. Minakova, Valeriy S. Zakharenko, et al. "Physicochemical and Photosorption Properties of Oxygen-Containing Calcium Compounds – Components of Troposferic Aerosol." Advanced Materials Research 1085 (February 2015): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1085.124.

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The Importance of this Paper is Determined by the Research of Conditions of Photosorption Processes Occurance on the Surface of Aerosol Particles Resulting in the Removal of Toxic Substances from the Atmosphere. Acid-Base Properties of Oxygen-Containing Calcium Compounds being Components of Troposphere Aerosol Particles were Studied by Methods of Ph-Metry and Hammet’s Indicators. the Basic Properties of the Investigated Compounds Surfaces are Predominant Ones: рНiis of Calcium Oxide and Hydroxide has a Value of 9.3 – 9.5, and that for Carbonate and Calcite Equals to 12.3-12.4. Indicator Method

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10

Qin, Huiling, and Hiroshi Kawamura. "Air-sea interaction throughout the troposphere over a very high sea surface temperature phenomenon." Geophysical Research Letters 37, no. 1 (2010): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009gl041685.

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11

Taguchi, Masakazu. "Predictability of stratospheric sudden warming and vortex intensification and their effects on the troposphere." Impact 2020, no. 3 (2020): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.3.14.

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The atmosphere of the Earth is composed of several different layers that extend out into space. The layer that occupies between the first 9 and 17 km from the Earth's surface is the troposphere, where most of our weather occurs. The stratosphere extends above it up to about 50 km altitude. Associate Professor Masakazu Taguchi at the Department of Earth Science, Aichi University of Education in Japan, is currently focusing his research on understanding the dynamical interaction between the extratropical stratosphere and troposphere and the role of stratospheric variations in the weather and cli

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12

Butchart, Neal. "The stratosphere: a review of the dynamics and variability." Weather and Climate Dynamics 3, no. 4 (2022): 1237–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1237-2022.

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Abstract. Large-scale, intra-seasonal to inter-annual variability of the stratosphere is reviewed. Much of the variability is dynamical and induced by waves emanating from the troposphere. It is largely characterized by fluctuations in the strength of the polar vortex in winter and a quasi-biennial oscillation in the equatorial winds. Existing theories for the variability are generally formulated in terms of wave–mean-flow interactions, with refinements due, in part, to teleconnections between the tropics and extratropics. Climate and seasonal forecast models are able to reproduce much of the

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13

Yang, Xiao-Yi, Rui Xin Huang, and Dong Xiao Wang. "Decadal Changes of Wind Stress over the Southern Ocean Associated with Antarctic Ozone Depletion." Journal of Climate 20, no. 14 (2007): 3395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4195.1.

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Abstract Using 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data and in situ observations, the positive trend of Southern Ocean surface wind stress during two recent decades is detected, and its close linkage with spring Antarctic ozone depletion is established. The spring Antarctic ozone depletion affects the Southern Hemisphere lower-stratospheric circulation in late spring/early summer. The positive feedback involves the strengthening and cooling of the polar vortex, the enhancement of meridional temperature gradients and the meridional and vertical potential vorticity gradients, the acceleration of th

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14

Raveh-Rubin, Shira. "Dry Intrusions: Lagrangian Climatology and Dynamical Impact on the Planetary Boundary Layer." Journal of Climate 30, no. 17 (2017): 6661–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0782.1.

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Dry-air intrusions (DIs) are dry, deeply descending airstreams from the upper troposphere toward the planetary boundary layer (PBL). The significance of DIs spans a variety of aspects, including the interaction with convection, extratropical cyclones and fronts, the PBL, and extreme surface weather. Here, a Lagrangian definition for DI trajectories is used and applied to ECMWF interim reanalysis (ERA-Interim) data. Based on the criterion of a minimum descent of 400 hPa during 48 h, a first global Lagrangian climatology of DI trajectories is compiled for the years 1979–2014, allowing quantitati

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15

Posselt, Derek J., Susan van den Heever, Graeme Stephens, and Matthew R. Igel. "Changes in the Interaction between Tropical Convection, Radiation, and the Large-Scale Circulation in a Warming Environment." Journal of Climate 25, no. 2 (2012): 557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jcli4167.1.

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Abstract This paper explores the response of the tropical hydrologic cycle to surface warming through the lens of large-domain cloud-system-resolving model experiments run in a radiative–convective equilibrium framework. Simulations are run for 55 days and are driven with fixed insolation and constant sea surface temparatures (SSTs) of 298 K, 300 K, and 302 K. In each experiment, convection organizes into coherent regions of large-scale ascent separated by areas with relatively clear air and troposphere-deep descent. Aspects of the simulations correspond to observed features of the tropical cl

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16

Raupp, Carlos F. M., Pedro L. Silva Dias, Esteban G. Tabak, and Paul Milewski. "Resonant Wave Interactions in the Equatorial Waveguide." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 11 (2008): 3398–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2387.1.

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Abstract Weakly nonlinear interactions among equatorial waves have been explored in this paper using the adiabatic version of the equatorial β-plane primitive equations in isobaric coordinates. Assuming rigid lid vertical boundary conditions, the conditions imposed at the surface and at the top of the troposphere were expanded in a Taylor series around two isobaric surfaces in an approach similar to that used in the theory of surface–gravity waves in deep water and capillary–gravity waves. By adopting the asymptotic method of multiple time scales, the equatorial Rossby, mixed Rossby–gravity, i

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17

Palmer, Paul I. "Quantifying sources and sinks of trace gases using space-borne measurements: current and future science." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1885 (2008): 4509–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0176.

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We have been observing the Earth's upper atmosphere from space for several decades, but only over the past decade has the necessary technology begun to match our desire to observe surface air pollutants and climate-relevant trace gases in the lower troposphere, where we live and breathe. A new generation of Earth-observing satellites, capable of probing the lower troposphere, are already orbiting hundreds of kilometres above the Earth's surface with several more ready for launch or in the planning stages. Consequently, this is one of the most exciting times for the Earth system scientists who

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18

Lorian, Suf, and Guy Dagan. "On the sensitivity of aerosol–cloud interactions to changes in sea surface temperature in radiative–convective equilibrium." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 16 (2024): 9323–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9323-2024.

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Abstract. Clouds play a vital role in regulating Earth's energy balance and are impacted by anthropogenic aerosol concentration (Na) and sea surface temperature (SST) alterations. Traditionally, these factors, aerosols and SST, are investigated independently. This study employs cloud-resolving, radiative–convective-equilibrium (RCE) simulations to explore aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs) under varying SSTs. ACIs are found to be SST-dependent even under RCE conditions. Notably, changes in cloud radiative effects for both longwave radiation and shortwave radiation lead to a decrease in top-of-a

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19

Yang, K., Y. Y. Chen, and J. Qin. "Some practical notes on the land surface modeling in the Tibetan Plateau." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 6, no. 1 (2009): 1291–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-6-1291-2009.

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Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau is a key region of land-atmosphere interactions, as it provides an elevated heat source to the middle-troposphere. The Plateau surfaces are typically characterized by alpine meadows and grasslands in the central and eastern part while by alpine deserts in the western part. This study evaluates performance of three state-of-the-art land surface models (LSMs) for the Plateau typical land surfaces. The LSMs of interest are SiB2 (the Simple Biosphere), CoLM (Common Land Model), and Noah. They are run with default parameters at typical alpine meadow sites in the centra

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20

Garfinkel, Chaim I., and Dennis L. Hartmann. "The Influence of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on the Troposphere in Winter in a Hierarchy of Models. Part II: Perpetual Winter WACCM Runs." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 9 (2011): 2026–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jas3702.1.

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Abstract Experiments with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) are used to understand the influence of the stratospheric tropical quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the troposphere. The zonally symmetric circulation in thermal wind balance with the QBO affects high-frequency eddies throughout the extratropical troposphere. The influence of the QBO is strongest and most robust in the North Pacific near the jet exit region, in agreement with observations. Variability of the stratospheric polar vortex does not appear to explain the effect of the QBO in the troposphere in the mode

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21

Nair, Vijayakumar Sivadasan, Filippo Giorgi, and Usha Keshav Hasyagar. "Amplification of South Asian haze by water vapour–aerosol interactions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 22 (2020): 14457–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14457-2020.

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Abstract. Air pollution and wintertime fog over South Asia is a major concern due to its significant implications for air quality, visibility and health. Using a regional climate model coupled with chemistry, we assess the contribution of the hygroscopic growth of aerosols (ambient–dry) to the total aerosol optical depth and demonstrate that the increased surface cooling due to the hygroscopic effects of aerosols further increases the humidity in the boundary layer and thus enhances the confinement of pollutants through aerosol–boundary layer interactions. This positive feedback mechanism play

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22

Eshel, Gidon, Daniel P. Schrag, and Brian F. Farrell. "Troposphere–Planetary Boundary Layer Interactions and the Evolution of Ocean Surface Density: Lessons from Red Sea Corals." Journal of Climate 13, no. 2 (2000): 339–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<0339:tpblia>2.0.co;2.

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23

Voigt, Aiko, Stefanie North, Blaž Gasparini, and Seung-Hee Ham. "Atmospheric cloud-radiative heating in CMIP6 and observations and its response to surface warming." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 17 (2024): 9749–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9749-2024.

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Abstract. Cloud–radiation interactions are key to Earth's climate and its susceptibility to change. While their impact on Earth's energy budget has been studied in great detail, their effect on atmospheric temperatures has received little attention, despite its importance for the planetary circulation of the atmosphere and hence for regional climate and weather. Here, we present the first systematic assessment of vertically resolved cloud-radiative heating within the atmosphere in 20 CMIP6 (phase 6 of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project) models, including a comparison to satellite-based

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24

Tromeur, Eric, and William B. Rossow. "Interaction of Tropical Deep Convection with the Large-Scale Circulation in the MJO." Journal of Climate 23, no. 7 (2010): 1837–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jcli3240.1.

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Abstract To better understand the interaction between tropical deep convection and the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), tropical cloud regimes are defined by cluster analysis of International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) cloud-top pressure—optical thickness joint distributions from the D1 dataset covering 21.5 yr. An MJO index based solely on upper-level wind anomalies is used to study variations of the tropical cloud regimes. The MJO index shows that MJO events are present almost all the time; instead of the MJO event being associated with “on or off” deep convection, it is ass

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25

Zhang, Jingjing, Lanqiang Bai, Zhaoming Li, Yu Du, and Shushi Zhang. "High-Frequency Microbarograph-Observed Pressure Variations Associated with Gust Fronts during an Extreme Rainfall Event." Remote Sensing 16, no. 1 (2023): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16010101.

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This study aims to explore the roles of multiple gust fronts (i.e., outflow boundaries) during a short-lived extreme rainfall that occurred in the Greater Bay Area of South China in the afternoon of 1 August 2021. Through the use of microbarographs and Doppler weather radars, the research highlights how the interactions of five gust fronts, approaching the region from different directions, have contributed to the high precipitation efficiency and damaging surface winds during the event. The close convergence of these gust fronts funneled unstable air masses into the region of interest, priming

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26

Dirmeyer, Paul A., Yan Jin, Bohar Singh, and Xiaoqin Yan. "Trends in Land–Atmosphere Interactions from CMIP5 Simulations." Journal of Hydrometeorology 14, no. 3 (2013): 829–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-12-0107.1.

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Abstract Data from 15 models of phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) for preindustrial, historical, and future climate change experiments are examined for consensus changes in land surface variables, fluxes, and metrics relevant to land–atmosphere interactions. Consensus changes in soil moisture and latent heat fluxes for past-to-present and present-to-future periods are consistent with CMIP3 simulations, showing a general drying trend over land (less soil moisture, less evaporation) over most of the globe, with the notable exception of high northern latitudes during wi

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Webb, Mark J., Adrian P. Lock, and F. Hugo Lambert. "Interactions between Hydrological Sensitivity, Radiative Cooling, Stability, and Low-Level Cloud Amount Feedback." Journal of Climate 31, no. 5 (2018): 1833–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0895.1.

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Low-level cloud feedbacks vary in magnitude but are positive in most climate models, due to reductions in low-level cloud fraction. This study explores the impact of surface evaporation on low-level cloud fraction feedback by performing climate change experiments with the aquaplanet configuration of the HadGEM2-A climate model, forcing surface evaporation to increase at different rates in two ways. Forcing the evaporation diagnosed in the surface scheme to increase at 7% K−1 with warming (more than doubling the hydrological sensitivity) results in an increase in global mean low-level cloud fra

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Ustrnul, Zbigniew, Jadwiga Woyciechowska, and Agnieszka Wypych. "Relationships between Temperature at Surface Level and in the Troposphere over the Northern Hemisphere." Atmosphere 14, no. 9 (2023): 1423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14091423.

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The thermal structure of the troposphere remains a hot topic, including modelling issues as well as temperature field simulations. This study evaluates the relationship between the air temperature at the Earth’s surface and the temperature of various layers of the troposphere over the Northern Hemisphere, as well as attempts to identify determinants of its variability. Vertical differentiation has been analyzed from the layer σ = 0.995 representing the surface (surface air temperature, SAT), up to an isobaric level of 300 hPa with a focus on the main pressure levels, i.e., 925 hPa, 850 hPa, 70

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Boljka, Lina, and Thomas Birner. "Tropopause-level planetary wave source and its role in two-way troposphere–stratosphere coupling." Weather and Climate Dynamics 1, no. 2 (2020): 555–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-1-555-2020.

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Abstract. Atmospheric planetary waves play a fundamental role in driving stratospheric dynamics, including sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events. It is well established that the bulk of the planetary wave activity originates near the surface. However, recent studies have pointed to a planetary wave source near the tropopause that may play an important role in the development of SSWs. Here we analyze the dynamical origin of this wave source and its impact on stratosphere–troposphere coupling, using an idealized model and a quasi-reanalysis. It is shown that the tropopause-level planetary wa

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30

Yang, K., Y. Y. Chen, and J. Qin. "Some practical notes on the land surface modeling in the Tibetan Plateau." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 5 (2009): 687–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-687-2009.

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Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau is a key region of land-atmosphere interactions, as it provides an elevated heat source to the middle-troposphere. The Plateau surfaces are typically characterized by alpine meadows and grasslands in the central and eastern part while by alpine deserts in the western part. This study evaluates performance of three state-of-the-art land surface models (LSMs) for the Plateau typical land surfaces. The LSMs of interest are SiB2 (the Simple Biosphere), CoLM (Common Land Model), and Noah. They are run at typical alpine meadow sites in the central Plateau and typical al

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Wenta, Marta, Christian M. Grams, Lukas Papritz, and Marc Federer. "Linking Gulf Stream air–sea interactions to the exceptional blocking episode in February 2019: a Lagrangian perspective." Weather and Climate Dynamics 5, no. 1 (2024): 181–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-181-2024.

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Abstract. The development of atmospheric blocks over the North Atlantic–European region can lead to extreme weather events like heat waves or cold air outbreaks. Despite their potential severe impact on surface weather, the correct prediction of blocking lifecycles remains a key challenge in current numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Increasing evidence suggests that latent heat release in cyclones, the advection of cold air (cold air outbreaks, CAOs) from the Arctic over the North Atlantic, and associated air–sea interactions over the Gulf Stream are key processes contributing to the

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de Vries, H., and J. D. Opsteegh. "Resonance in Optimal Perturbation Evolution. Part II: Effects of a Nonzero Mean PV Gradient." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 3 (2007): 695–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3868.1.

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Abstract Optimal perturbations are constructed for a two-layer β-plane extension of the Eady model. The surface and interior dynamics is interpreted using the concept of potential vorticity building blocks (PVBs), which are zonally wavelike, vertically confined sheets of quasigeostrophic potential vorticity. The results are compared with the Charney model and with the two-layer Eady model without β. The authors focus particularly on the role of the different growth mechanisms in the optimal perturbation evolution. The optimal perturbations are constructed allowing only one PVB, three PVBs, and

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Murthy, Varun S., and William R. Boos. "Quasigeostrophic Controls on Precipitating Ascent in Monsoon Depressions." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 4 (2019): 1213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-19-0202.1.

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Abstract South Asian monsoon depressions are convectively coupled cyclonic vortices that form and intensify in a region of easterly vertical shear of the horizontal wind. Observations of maximum precipitation downshear of the cyclonic center have led to prior theories of quasigeostrophic (QG) control of moist convection in these storms. This study examines the interaction between adiabatic QG lifting and moist convection in monsoon depressions using an atmospheric reanalysis and idealized model. Inversion of the QG omega equation in the reanalysis shows that in the downshear, heavily precipita

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Navea, Juan G., Haihan Chen, Min Huang, Gregory R. Carmichel, and Vicki H. Grassian. "A comparative evaluation of water uptake on several mineral dust sources." Environmental Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2010): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en09122.

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Environmental context. Dust particles produced from wind blown soils are of global significance as these dust particles not only impact visibility, as evident in the recent 2009 Australian dust storm, but also atmospheric chemistry, climate and biogeochemical cycles. The amount of water vapour in the atmosphere (relative humidity) can play a role in these global processes yet there are few studies and little quantitative data on water-dust particle interactions. The focus of this research is on quantifying water-dust particle interactions for several dust sources including Asia and Africa wher

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Zhou, Wenyu, Shang-Ping Xie, and Zhen-Qiang Zhou. "Slow Preconditioning for the Abrupt Convective Jump over the Northwest Pacific during Summer." Journal of Climate 29, no. 22 (2016): 8103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0342.1.

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Abstract The rapid intensification of convective activity in mid-July over the northwest Pacific marks the final stage of the Asian summer monsoon, accompanied by major shifts in regional rainfall and circulation patterns. An entraining plume model is used to investigate the physical processes underlying the abrupt convective jump. Despite little change in sea surface temperature (SST), gradual lower-troposphere mixing leads to a threshold transition in the model as follows. Before mid-July, although SST is already high (29°C), the convective plume is inhibited by the capping inversion above t

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Parfitt, Rhys, and Young-Oh Kwon. "The Modulation of Gulf Stream Influence on the Troposphere by the Eddy-Driven Jet." Journal of Climate 33, no. 10 (2020): 4109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0294.1.

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AbstractThis study suggests that the Gulf Stream influence on the wintertime North Atlantic troposphere is most pronounced when the eddy-driven jet (EDJ) is farthest south and better collocated with the Gulf Stream. Using the reanalysis dataset NCEP-CFSR for December–February 1979–2009, the daily EDJ latitude is separated into three regimes (northern, central, and southern). It is found that the average trajectory of atmospheric fronts covaries with EDJ latitude. In the southern EDJ regime (~19% of the time), the frequency of near-surface atmospheric fronts that pass across the Gulf Stream is

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Teyssèdre, H., M. Michou, H. L. Clark, et al. "A new tropospheric and stratospheric Chemistry and Transport Model MOCAGE-Climat for multi-year studies: evaluation of the present-day climatology and sensitivity to surface processes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 22 (2007): 5815–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5815-2007.

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Abstract. We present the configuration of the Météo-France Chemistry and Transport Model (CTM) MOCAGE-Climat that will be dedicated to the study of chemistry and climate interactions. MOCAGE-Climat is a state-of-the-art CTM that simulates the global distribution of ozone and its precursors (82 chemical species) both in the troposphere and the stratosphere, up to the mid-mesosphere (~70 km). Surface processes (emissions, dry deposition), convection, and scavenging are explicitly described in the model that has been driven by the ECMWF operational analyses of the period 2000–2005, on T21 and T42

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Ma, J. "Atmospheric transport of persistent semi-volatile organic chemicals to the Arctic and cold condensation in the mid-troposphere – Part 1: 2-D modeling in mean atmosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 15 (2010): 7303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7303-2010.

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Abstract. In the first part of this study for revisiting the cold condensation effect on global distribution of semi-volatile organic chemicals (SVOCs), the atmospheric transport of SVOCs to the Arctic in the mid-troposphere in a mean meridional atmospheric circulation over the Northern Hemisphere was simulated by a two-dimensional (2-D) atmospheric transport model. Results show that under the mean meridional atmospheric circulation the long-range atmospheric transport of SVOCs from warm latitudes to the Arctic occurs primarily in the mid-troposphere. Although major sources are in low and mid-

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Lubis, Sandro W., Katja Matthes, Nili Harnik, Nour-Eddine Omrani, and Sebastian Wahl. "Downward Wave Coupling between the Stratosphere and Troposphere under Future Anthropogenic Climate Change." Journal of Climate 31, no. 10 (2018): 4135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0382.1.

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Abstract Downward wave coupling (DWC) is an important process that characterizes the dynamical coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere via planetary wave reflection. A recent modeling study has indicated that natural forcing factors, including sea surface temperature (SST) variability and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), influence DWC and the associated surface impact in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). In light of this, the authors further investigate how DWC in the NH is affected by anthropogenic forcings, using a fully coupled chemistry–climate model CESM1(WACCM). The results in

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Lin, Jonathan, and Kerry Emanuel. "On the Effect of Surface Friction and Upward Radiation of Energy on Equatorial Waves." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 79, no. 3 (2022): 837–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-21-0199.1.

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Abstract In theoretical models of tropical dynamics, the effects of both surface friction and upward wave radiation through interaction with the stratosphere are oft-ignored, as they greatly complicate mathematical analysis. In this study, we relax the rigid-lid assumption and impose surface drag, which allows the barotropic mode to be excited in equatorial waves. In particular, a previously developed set of linear, strict quasi-equilibrium tropospheric equations is coupled with a dry, passive stratosphere, and surface drag is added to the troposphere momentum equations. Theoretical and numeri

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Zhao, Wenhui, Yi Huang, Steven Siems, Michael Manton, and Daniel Harrison. "Interactions between trade wind clouds and local forcings over the Great Barrier Reef: a case study using convection-permitting simulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 9 (2024): 5713–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5713-2024.

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Abstract. Trade wind clouds are ubiquitous across the subtropical oceans, including the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), playing an important role in modulating the regional energy budget. These shallow clouds, however, are by their nature sensitive to perturbations in both their thermodynamic environment and microphysical background. In this study, we employ the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with a convection-permitting configuration at 1 km resolution to examine the sensitivity of the trade wind clouds to different local forcings over the GBR. A range of local forcings including coas

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Johansson, E., A. Devasthale, T. L'Ecuyer, A. M. L. Ekman, and M. Tjernström. "The vertical structure of cloud radiative heating over the Indian subcontinent during summer monsoon." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 4 (2015): 5423–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-5423-2015.

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Abstract. Every year the monsoonal circulation over the Indian subcontinent gives rise to a variety of cloud types that differ considerably in their ability to heat or cool the atmosphere. These clouds in turn affect monsoon dynamics via their radiative impacts, both at the surface and in the atmosphere. New generation of satellites carrying active radar and lidar sensors are allowing realistic quantification of cloud radiative heating (CRH) by resolving the vertical structure of the atmosphere in an unprecedented detail. Obtaining this information is a first step in closing the knowledge gap

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Ren, Lili, Yang Yang, Hailong Wang, Rudong Zhang, Pinya Wang, and Hong Liao. "Source attribution of Arctic black carbon and sulfate aerosols and associated Arctic surface warming during 1980–2018." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 14 (2020): 9067–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9067-2020.

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Abstract. Observations show that the concentrations of Arctic sulfate and black carbon (BC) aerosols have declined since the early 1980s. Previous studies have reported that reducing sulfate aerosols potentially contributed to the recent rapid Arctic warming. In this study, a global aerosol–climate model (Community Atmosphere Model, version 5) equipped with Explicit Aerosol Source Tagging (CAM5-EAST) is applied to quantify the source apportionment of aerosols in the Arctic from 16 source regions and the role of aerosol variations in affecting changes in the Arctic surface temperature from 1980

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de Szoeke, Simon P. "Variations of the Moist Static Energy Budget of the Tropical Indian Ocean Atmospheric Boundary Layer." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 5 (2018): 1545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0345.1.

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The atmospheric circulation depends on poorly understood interactions between the tropical atmospheric boundary layer (BL) and convection. The surface moist static energy (MSE) source (130 W m−2, of which 120 W m−2 is evaporation) to the tropical marine BL is balanced by upward MSE flux at the BL top that is the source for deep convection. Important for modeling tropical convection and circulation is whether MSE enters the free troposphere by dry turbulent processes originating within the boundary layer or by motions generated by moist deep convection in the free troposphere. Here, highly reso

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Ma, J. "Atmospheric transport of persistent semi-volatile organic chemicals to the Arctic and cold condensation at the mid-troposphere – Part 1: 2-D modeling in mean atmosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 1 (2010): 453–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-453-2010.

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Abstract. In the first part of this study for revisiting the cold condensation effect on global distribution of semi-volatile organic chemicals (SVOCs), the atmospheric transport of SVOCs to the Arctic at the mid-troposphere in a mean meridional atmospheric circulation over Northern Hemisphere was simulated by a two-dimensional atmospheric transport model. Results show that under the mean meridional atmosphere the long-range atmospheric transport of SVOCs from warm latitudes to the Arctic occurs primarily at the mid-troposphere. Accordingly, the cold condensation of the chemicals is likely als

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Holdsworth, G., and E. Peake. "Acid Content of Snow from a Mid-Troposphere Sampling Site on Mount Logan, Yukon Territory, Canada." Annals of Glaciology 7 (1985): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500006091.

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An ice core 103 m long was extracted in 1980 from an altitude of 5340 m on the icefield plateau of Mount Logan, Yukon Territory (lat 60°35ˈN, long 140°30ˈW). The firn-ice transition occurs at a depth of 65 m, corresponding to about the year 1880.The chemistry of this upper 65 m is apparently dominated by acid-ion species, the peaks in which are provisionally identified with several documented volcanic events. Although the analyses cover only selected discontinuous intervals, it appears that there is no significant long-term trend in the background acidity level of the precipitation at this loc

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Wulfmeyer, Volker, David D. Turner, B. Baker, et al. "A New Research Approach for Observing and Characterizing Land–Atmosphere Feedback." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, no. 8 (2018): 1639–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0009.1.

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AbstractForecast errors with respect to wind, temperature, moisture, clouds, and precipitation largely correspond to the limited capability of current Earth system models to capture and simulate land–atmosphere feedback. To facilitate its realistic simulation in next-generation models, an improved process understanding of the related complex interactions is essential. To this end, accurate 3D observations of key variables in the land–atmosphere (L–A) system with high vertical and temporal resolution from the surface to the free troposphere are indispensable.Recently, we developed a synergy of

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Marshall, Andrew G., Oscar Alves, and Harry H. Hendon. "An Enhanced Moisture Convergence–Evaporation Feedback Mechanism for MJO Air–Sea Interaction." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 3 (2008): 970–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jas2313.1.

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Abstract Simulations using an atmospheric model forced with observed SST climatology and the same atmospheric model coupled to a slab-ocean model are used to investigate the role of air–sea interaction on the dynamics of the MJO. Slab-ocean coupling improved the MJO in Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology atmospheric model over the Indo-Pacific warm pool by reducing its period from 70–100 to 45–70 days, thereby showing better agreement with the 30–80-day observed oscillation. Air–sea coupling improves the MJO by increasing the moisture flux in the lower troposphere prior to the passage of active

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Muthers, Stefan, Christoph C. Raible, Eugene Rozanov, and Thomas F. Stocker. "Response of the AMOC to reduced solar radiation – the modulating role of atmospheric chemistry." Earth System Dynamics 7, no. 4 (2016): 877–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-877-2016.

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Abstract. The influence of reduced solar forcing (grand solar minimum or geoengineering scenarios like solar radiation management) on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is assessed in an ensemble of atmosphere–ocean–chemistry–climate model simulations. Ensemble sensitivity simulations are performed with and without interactive chemistry. In both experiments the AMOC is intensified in the course of the solar radiation reduction, which is attributed to the thermal effect of the solar forcing: reduced sea surface temperatures and enhanced sea ice formation increase the density

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Sen Gupta, Alexander, and Matthew H. England. "Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Feedback in the Southern Annular Mode." Journal of Climate 20, no. 14 (2007): 3677–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4200.1.

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Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that while the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is an intrinsic feature of the atmosphere, it projects strongly onto the ocean and sea ice properties and circulation. This study investigates the extent of “back interaction” whereby these oceanic SAM anomalies feed back to the atmosphere. A comparison between atmosphere-only and full coupled climate models demonstrates that air–sea interactions in the coupled system act to increase the persistence of the SAM in the atmosphere. To identify the nature of feedback from the ocean to the atmosphere, ensemble ex

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