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González, Ulloa Alonso Emilio. "Efficient non-interactive zero-knowledge Proofs." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144465.
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Doctor en Ciencias, Mención ComputaciónNon-Interactive Zero-Knowledge (NIZK) proofs, are proofs that yield nothing beyond their validity. As opposed to the interactive variant, NIZK proofs consist of only one message and are more suited for high-latency scenarios and for building inherently non- interactive schemes, like signatures or encryption. With the advent of pairing-based cryptography many cryptosystems have been built using bilinear groups, that is, three abelian groups G1,G2,GT oforderqtogetherwithabilinear function e : G1 × G2 → GT . Statements related to pairing-based cryptographic schemes are naturally expressed as the satisfiability of equations over these groups and Zq. The Groth-Sahai proof system, introduced by Groth and Sahai at Eurocrypt 2008, provides NIZK proofs for the satisfiability of equations over bilinear groups and over the integers modulo a prime q. Although Groth-Sahai proofs are quite efficient, they easily get expensive unless the statement is very simple. Specifically, proving satisfiability of m equations in n variables requires sending as commitments to the solutions Θ(n) elements of a bilinear group, and a proof that they satisfy the equations, which we simply call the proof, requiring additional Θ(m) group elements. In this thesis we study how to construct aggregated proofs i.e. proofs of size independent of the number of equations for different types of equations and how to use them to build more efficient cryptographic schemes. We show that linear equations admit aggregated proofs of size Θ(1). We then study the case of quadratic integer equations, more concretely the equation b(b − 1) = 0 which is the most useful type of quadratic integer equation, and construct an aggregated proof of size Θ(1). We use these results to build more efficient threshold Groth-Sahai proofs and more efficient ring signatures. We also study a natural generalization of quadratic equations which we call set-membership proofs i.e. show that a variable belongs to some set. We first construct an aggregated proof of size Θ(t), where t is the set size, and of size Θ(logt) if the set is of the form [0,t − 1] ⊂ Zq. Then, we further improve the size of our set-membership proofs and construct aggregated proofs of size Θ(log t). We note that some cryptographic schemes can be naturally constructed as set-membership proofs, specifically we study the case of proofs of correctness of a shuffle and range proofs. Starting from set-membership proofs as a common building block, we build the shortest proofs for both proof systems.
Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por CONICYT, CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2013-21130937
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Thaler, Justin R. "Practical Verified Computation with Streaming Interactive Proofs." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11086.
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As the cloud computing paradigm has gained prominence, the need for verifiable computation has grown urgent. Protocols for verifiable computation enable a weak client to outsource difficult computations to a powerful, but untrusted, server. These protocols provide the client with a (probabilistic) guarantee that the server performed the requested computations correctly, without requiring the client to perform the computations herself.Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Saeednia, Shahrokh. "Zero Useful Knowledge Interactive Proofs of Similarity." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212539.
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Milner, Kevin. "Quantum interactive proofs and the complexity of entanglement detection." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121517.
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This thesis identifies a formal connection between physical problems related to entanglement detection and complexity classes in theoretical computer science. In particular, we prove that to nearly every quantum interactive proof complexity class (including BQP, QMA, QMA(2), QSZK, and QIP), there corresponds a natural entanglement or correlation detection problem that is complete for that class. In this sense, we can say that an entanglement or correlation detection problem captures the expressive power of each quantum interactive proof complexity class, and the contrast between such problems gives intuition to the differences between classes of quantum interactive proofs. It is shown that the difficulty of entanglement detection also depends on whether the distance measure used is the trace distance or the one-way LOCC distance. We also provide analysis for another problem of this flavour, which we show is decidable by a two-message quantum interactive proof system while being hard for both NP and QSZK, the first nontrivial example of such a problem.Ce mémoire met en évidence un lien formel entre les problèmes physiques de détection d'intrication et les classes de complexité de l'informatique théorique. Plus particulièrement, nous établissons une correspondance entre la plupart des classes de complexité naturelles issues de preuves interactives quantiques (incluant BQP, QMA, QMA(2), QSZK, et QIP), et une intrication ou un problème de détection de corrélation qui est complet pour cette classe. En ce sens, nous pouvons dire que l'intrication, ou le problème de détection de corrélation, capture la puissance expressive de chaque classe de complexité de preuve interactive quantique et que le contraste entre de tels problèmes donne une idée sur les différences entre les classes de preuves interactives quantiques. Il est démontré que la difficulté de la détection d'intrication varie considérablement du fait que la mesure de distance utilisée soit la distance de trace ou LOCC unidirectionnel. Nous fournissons également l'analyse d'un problème similaire, et montrons que celui-ci est décidable par un système de preuve interactive quantique (de deux messages) tout en étant NP-dur ainsi que QSZK-dur, le premier exemple non trivial d'un tel problème.
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Pindado, Zaira. "Pairing-based non-interactive zero-knowledge arguments and applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671270.
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Elliptic curves with a bilinear map, or pairing, have a rich algebraic structure that has been fundamental to develop practical Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge (NIZK) proofs.
On the theoretical side, we explore how efficient can NIZK proofs be under weak complexity assumptions. Specifically, we reduce the cost of proofs of satisfiability of quadratic equations, we define a new commitment scheme that is compatible with other pairing-based NIZK arguments, and we construct a simulation-sound argument that results in a new a signature of knowledge with communication sublinear in the circuit size under standard assumptions.
Additionally, we study how to reduce the cost of verification in one of the most widely deployed NIZK arguments in practice.Les corbes el·líptiques amb una aplicació bilineal, o pairing, tenen una estructura algebraica molt rica que ha sigut fonamental per desenvolupar proves de zero coneixement no interactives (NIZK). En la banda teòrica, explorem quant eficients poden ser les proves NIZK sota hipòtesis de complexitat dèbils. Més concretament, reduïm el cost de les proves de satisfacció per equacions quadràtiques, definim un nou esquema de compromís que és compatible amb altres proves NIZK basades en pairings i construïm una prova que resulta en una nova signatura de coneixement amb una comunicació sublineal en la mida del circuit sota hipòtesis estàndards. A més, estudiem com es redueix el cost de verificació en una de les proves NIZK més desenvolupades a la pràctica.
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Titiu, Radu. "New Encryption Schemes and Pseudo-Random Functions with Advanced Properties from Standard Assumptions." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN050.
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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions la sécurité des primitives cryptographiques avancées contre des adversaires qui se comportent plus près de scénarios réels. Plus précisément, ils peuvent mettre à jour de manière adaptative leur stratégie pendant l'attaque, en fonction des informations précédemment obtenues, à partir de sources externes comme des utilisateurs corrompus. Nous construisons des fonctions pseudo-aléatoires distribuées produisant des valeurs qui paraissent aléatoires, même si l'adversaire peut corrompre de manière adaptative certains serveurs. Un tel système suppose que la clé secrète est partagée entre plusieurs serveurs qui doivent combiner leurs évaluations partielles afin d'obtenir une valeur pseudo-aléatoire. Nous prouvons également la sécurité contre les corruptions adaptatives, dans le modèle de sécurité renforcé basé sur la simulation, pour le chiffrement fonctionnel des produits scalaires. Un tel schéma à clé publique chiffre les vecteurs x et peut émettre plusieurs clés secrètes associées aux vecteurs clés y. Le décrypteur apprend les informations partielles mais rien d'autre. Cette primitive peut calculer des statistiques (par exemple, des sommes pondérées ou des moyennes) sur une base de données, tout en gardant chaque entrée individuelle confidentielle. Nous construisons également une variante étiquetée, dans laquelle chaque entrée de la base de donnée est chiffrée par un client différent, appelé chiffrement fonctionnel multi-client. Enfin, nous fournissons une nouvelle construction de preuve non interactive à divulgation nulle de connaissance, qui convainc un vérificateur de l'appartenance d'un certain élément à un langage NP sans rien divulguer d'autre. De plus, un adversaire qui obtient de nombreuses preuves simulées pour d'éventuelles fausses affirmations ne peut pas produire lui-même une preuve valide d'une fausse affirmation. Cette primitive est utilisée comme élément de base pour les schémas de chiffrement à clé publique avec des propriétés de sécurité avancéesIn this thesis, we study the security of advanced cryptographic primitives against adversaries that behave closer to real-life scenarios. Namely, they can adaptively update their strategy during the attack, based on previously obtained information, possible from external sources like corrupted users. We construct Distributed Pseudorandom Functions that still output random-looking values, even when the adversary can adaptively corrupt some servers. Such a system assumes that the secret key is shared among multiple servers that have to combine their partial evaluations in order to obtain a pseudorandom value. We also prove security against adaptive corruptions, in the stronger simulation-based security model, for Inner Product Functional Encryption. Such a public-key scheme encrypts vectors x and can issue multiple secret keys associated to key vectors y. The decryptor learns the partial information but nothing else. This primitive can compute statistics (e.g., weighted sums or means) on a database, while keeping each individual input private. We also construct a labeled variant, wherein each database entry is encrypted by a different client, called Multi-Client Functional Encryption.We finally provide a new construction of Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge proof, which convinces a verifier of the validity of some NP statement without leaking anything else. In addition, an adversary obtaining many simulated proofs for possibly false statements cannot produce a valid proof of its own for a false statement. This primitive is used as a building-block for public-key encryption schemes with advanced security properties
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Hegde, Suprabha Shreepad. "Analysis of Non-Interactive Zero Knowledge Proof." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535702372270471.
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Cheung, Kit-yuk Josephine, and 張潔玉. "Students' interaction in doing proofs: an exploratory study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3196249X.
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Cheung, Kit-yuk Josephine. "Students' interaction in doing proofs an exploratory study /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23501030.
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Ritchie, Brian. "The design and implementation of an interactive proof editor." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6607.
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This thesis describes the design and implementation of the IPE, an interactive proof editor for first-order intuitionistic predicate calculus, developed at the University of Edinburgh during 1983-1986, by the author together with John Cartmell and Tatsuya Hagino. The IPE uses an attribute grammar to maintain the state of its proof tree as a context-sensitive structure. The interface allows free movement through the proof structure, and encourages a "proof-byexperimentation" approach, since no proof step is irrevocable. We describe how the IPE's proof rules can be derived from natural deduction rules for first-order intuitionistic logic, how these proof rules are encoded as an attribute grammar, and how the interface is constructed on top of the grammar. Further facilities for the manipulation of the IPE's proof structures are presented, including a notion of IPE-tactic for their automatic construction. We also describe an extension of the IPE to enable the construction and use of simply-structured collections of axioms and results, the main provision here being an interactive "theory browser" which looks for facts which match a selected problem.
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Hunter, Christopher. "Agent-based proof support for interactive theorem proving /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19390.pdf.
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Forsgren, Nils-Olof, and Olov Schelén. "An interactive proof system for test congruence between processes." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Datavetenskap, 1988. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16903.
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Sundaram, Ravi 1968. "Interactive proof system variants and approximation algorithms for optical networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41425.
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Sadofyev, Andrey V. "Probes of strongly interacting plasma." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112072.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 123-138).
In this thesis we discuss recent results on the medium/probe interaction in the strongly coupled plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions. Such processes involve physics at multiple energy scales making a consistent theoretical description challenging. We show how insights from various regimes can be combined to extend our understanding of the underlying physics. As a first example, we start with the novel contributions to the drag force acting on a heavy quark moving through the strongly coupled holographic plasma. The new terms are proportional to the coefficient of the axial anomaly and to the chiral asymmetry in the medium. These chiral contributions to the drag force act either parallel to or antiparallel to an external magnetic field or to the vorticity of the fluid. We show that the chiral drag force vanishes for heavy quarks that are at rest in a suitably chosen frame in the weak field limit. In this frame, the heavy quark at rest sees counter propagating momentum and charge currents, both proportional to the axial anomaly coefficient, but feels no drag force. This provides strong concrete evidence for the absence of dissipation in chiral transport. Then, we extend this result introducing a concept of an "anomalous wind" felt by probes at rest. This phenomenon modifies previous results on the medium/probe interaction. We demonstrate that by deriving the anomalous correction to the screening length of the heavy quarkonium color potential. Finally, we discuss the strong magnetic field limit to the leading order in the weak medium/probe coupling. It is shown that the drag force is suppressed along the magnetic field and in the exact chiral limit tends to zero. This anisotropy in the drag force is present in the system even at zero chiral asymmetry and may lead to strong observable effects. Then, we turn to the main available probes of the plasma produced in experiments - jets. We supplement the holographic description corresponding to the infinite medium/probe coupling limit with an initial parameter distribution for an ensemble of jets motivated by the weakly coupled dynamics and similar to the case of proton-proton collisions. The model constructed in this way, combining insights from both weakly and strongly coupled regimes, is used to analyze the evolution of an ensemble, as it propagates through an expanding cooling droplet of strongly coupled plasma as in heavy ion collisions. Each jet in the ensemble is represented holographically by a string in the dual 4 + 1-dimensional gravitational theory. Firstly, the full string dynamics is approximated by assuming that the string moves at the speed of light. We study the evolution of the jet opening angle distribution upon propagating the droplet and study the medium effect on the mean opening angle within a simple two parametric phenomenological model. Then, we extend this result analyzing the full string dynamics for a range of possible initial conditions. That gives access to the dynamics of holographic jets just after their creation. We analyze the full jet shape modification and find the result that the jet shape scales with the opening angle at any particular energy. Further, we construct an ensemble of dijets with energies and energy asymmetry distributions taken from events in proton-proton collisions and jet shape taken from proton-proton collisions and scaled according to our result. We study how these observables are modified after the ensemble of dijets is propagated through the strongly-coupled plasma. The results of this simple model is in qualitative agreement with the experimental data.
by Andrey V. Sadofyev.
Ph. D.
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Cano, Guillaume. "Interaction entre algèbre linéaire et analyse en formalisation des mathématiques." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986283.
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Dans cette thèse nous présentons la formalisation de trois résultats principaux que sont la forme normale de Jordan d'une matrice, le théorème de Bolzano-Weierstraß et le théorème de Perron-Frobenius. Pour la formalisation de la forme normale de Jordan nous introduisons différents concepts d'algèbre linéaire tel que les matrices diagonales par blocs, les matrices compagnes, les facteurs invariants, ... Ensuite nous définissons et développons une théorie sur les espaces topologiques et métriques pour la formalisation du théorème de Bolzano-Weierstraß. La formalisation du théorème de Perron-Frobenius n'est pas terminée. La preuve de ce théorème utilise des résultats d'algèbre linéaire, mais aussi de topologie. Nous montrerons comment les précédents résultats seront réutilisés.
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Yamashita, Kyousuke. "A Study of Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proof Systems in a Black-Box Framework." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263778.
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Lam, Benny, and Marcus Arnemo. "Design and Proof-of-Concept Implementation of Interactive Video Streaming with DASH.js." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-141558.
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Traditionally, videos are played in a linear manner, which does not give the viewer many options to control their viewing experience. However, in contrast to regular video this paper presents the design and implementation of a proof-of-concept solution that supports interactive video streaming. The idea with interactive video streaming is that the viewer can personalize their experience by deciding which path a story should follow at certain branch points. The challenge is to give the user this experience while simultaneously keeping the seamless playback experience they usually have when streaming video in a traditional way. By doing careful prefetching of the alternative videos in conjunction with utilizing the concept of HTTP-based adaptive streaming, seamless playback of interactive branched video can be implemented with the dynamic adaptive streaming over a HTTP (DASH) framework. We compare our proof-of-concept implementation with a previous implementation from a different framework. The two players are tested against each other in a handful test aimed at exploring some of the aspects specific to interactive video. More specifically, we investigate the likelihood of experience "stalls", events that cause seamless playback to be interrupted, when changing the network conditions as well as when we change the nature of the so called "branch events" themselves. We find that there are distinguishable differences between the two implementations, specifically that DASH implementation has a more optimistic adaptation logic causing it to have more stalls and a higher playback rate in general.
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Ahmad, Munawar Sultana. "A study of the interaction loss of protons and deuterons in NaI." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27788.
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Interaction losses in sodium iodide crystals have been directly measured for protons in the range of energies from 139 to 444 MeV and for deuterons of 277 MeV. Calculations of the expected loss were made for protons over the range 151-500 MeV using the best currently available
reaction cross section data. Our experimental values are typically about 21% lower than the calculated values.
The interaction loss for 277 MeV deuteron in Nal is about 8% lower than the calculated value obtained using the deuteron cross section value of Measday and Schneider. Using their calculated value of 100 MeV deuteron interaction loss as a reference point, we calculated the loss for 277 MeV deuterons and from a fit to our data we obtained the cross section for deuterons at an average energy of 188.4 MeV to be 2590 ± 180 mb, which is about 20% lower than the cross section obtained from the empirical relation that σ(d-A) is 2σ(p-A) at half the energy.Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Graduate
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Meng, Jia. "The integration of higher order interactive proof with first order automatic theorem proving." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615216.
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Miller, Delyana Ivanova. "Interactive Voice Response Systems and Older Adults: Examination of the Cognitive Factors Related to Successful IVR Interaction and Proof-of-Principle of IVR Administration and Scoring of Neuropsychological Tests." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24294.
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The main goal of this project was to enhance the use and usability of Interactive Voice Response Systems (IVR) for older people. The objective of study one was to examine older people’s perceptions of the technology and identify the most common difficulties experienced by older people when interactive with IVR using focus groups. Twenty-six people aged 65 and older took part in the study. Data were analyzed using frequency and chi square analyses. The results revealed negative attitudes towards the technology. Long menus, frustration about not being able to reach an operator and absence of shortcuts were some of the most common difficulties reported by participants.
Study two examined the cognitive factors predicting successful IVR interaction in four commercially available IVR systems in a sample of 185 older adults. Linear regressions were performed on the data. Results indicated that working memory and auditory memory were the best predictors of successful IVR interaction.
Using the same sample of participants as study two, study three examined older adults’ attitudes towards the four IVR systems in relation to their success in interacting with the technology. The study also evaluated the impact of gender on success and attitudes towards IVR. There was a significant positive correlation between success with IVR and favorable attitudes towards the technology. No gender differences emerged in both performance on IVR tasks and attitudes towards the technology.
Study four evaluated the feasibility of using a voice-activated IVR to administer and score three short neuropsychological tests using a sub sample of the original sample of 185 older adults involved in study two and three. One hundred and fifty eight participants took part in the study. Results showed high correlations between the IVR and clinician scoring of the three tests. Nevertheless, a number of discrepancies and technical issues were discovered.
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Nordlander, Gustav. "Development of a proof of concept for an online automobile configurator." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148185.
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This thesis represents a development from start to a proof of concept for an automobile configurator with 3D visualization. This proof of concept must be independent from other products and should only need a web browser to use. To be able to develop this type of product certain methods must be researched, these include; methods for developing a web based user interface for interaction with a 3D model, different methods for reducing data size of CAD models as well as visualizing the model. As there were two designers working alongside to develop this proof of concept, there was a good opportunity to try different approaches in terms of interface and test them on probable future users. A more conventional approach was preferred by the users and therefore chosen to be developed into a final design that would be for the website. When developing, certain features had to remain unimplemented due to time and resource restraints but the test users were still enthusiastic about such a product if the different aspects were to be polished.
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Ziliani, Beta [Verfasser], and Derek [Akademischer Betreuer] Dreyer. "Interactive typed tactic programming in the Coq proof assistant / Beta Ziliani. Betreuer: Derek Dreyer." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069289868/34.
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Ahmadi, Danesh Ashtiani Ali. "ProGes: A User Interface for Multimedia Devices over the Internet of Things." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31865.
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With the rapid growth of online devices, a new concept of Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging in which everyday devices will be connected to the Internet. As the number of devices in IoT is increasing, so is the complexity of the interactions between user and devices. There is a need to design intelligent user interfaces that could assist users in interactions. Many studies have been conducted on different interaction techniques such as proxemic and gesture interaction in order to propose an intuitive and intelligent system for controlling multimedia devices over the IoT, though most could not propose a universal solution. The present study proposes a proximity-based and gesture-enabled user interface for multimedia devices over IoT. The proposed method employs a cloud-based decision engine to support user to choose and interact with the most appropriate device, reliving the user from the burden of enumerating available devices manually. The decision engine observes the multimedia content and device properties, learns user preferences adaptively, and automatically recommends the most appropriate device to interact. In addition to that, the proposed system uses proximity information to find the user among people and provides her/him gesture control services. Furthermore, a new hand gesture vocabulary is proposed for controlling multimedia devices through conducting a multiphase elicitation study. The main advantage of this vocabulary is that it can be used for all multimedia devices. Both device recommendation system and gesture vocabulary are evaluated. The device recommendation system evaluation shows that the users agree with the proposed interaction 70% of the times. Moreover, the average agreement score of the proposed gesture vocabulary (0.56) exceeds the score of similar studies. An external user evaluation study shows that the average score of being a good-match is 4.08 out of 5 and the average of ease-of-performance equals to 4.21 out of 5. The memory test reveals that the proposed vocabulary is easy to remember since participants could remember and perform gestures in 3.13 seconds on average. In addition to that, the average accuracy of remembering gestures equals to 91.54%.
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Fields, Sarah Grace. "Technology on the Trail: Using Cultural Probes to Understand Hikers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78726.
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The definition of technology may have changed quite a bit over the years, but people have been bringing technology to remote, natural locations since long before concepts like recreational hiking or national parks existed. Nowadays, "digital" is usually implied before the word technology, and discussion of technology and trails often revolves around smartphones and GPS systems. However, a wide variety of hiking gear has benefited from precise engineering and product design.
Even with more digital products hitting the shelves, many hikers go out on the trail to get away from or limit their use of technology, however they may define that word. Before any technology for the trail can be designed, the diverse perspectives of hikers must be explored rather than taking them for granted. Polling hikers through digital means or even delivering prototypes for research through design seems disingenuous when part of the target audience has negative attitudes towards technology. For this reason, cultural probes stood out as a useful method for understanding hikers and inspiring future directions for Technology on the Trail. The heart of the matter is indeed a question of culture, so probes are a logical choice for teasing out a variety of viewpoints.
The goal of this study is not to design new technology. Rather, the goal is to find a way to make technology and nature more harmonious in the context of hiking. This could end up requiring new designs, but it could also be a matter of shifting perspective instead. No device or gear will ever be for everyone, and that's natural. Technology on the Trail can still seek to support both users of technology and the bystanders who are affected by the technology use of others.Master of Science
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Comets, Francis. "A propos des systèmes de particules en interaction sur un réseau." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376040172.
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Comets, Francis. "A propos des systèmes de particules en interaction sur un réseau." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112312.
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Nous considérons des systèmes de particules disposées sur un réseau, avec différentes formes d'interaction. Pour l'interaction à courte portée sur zd, nous obtenons les propriétés de grandes déviations pour le champ empirique d'une mesure de Gibbs nous considérons également le cas d'une interaction aléatoire. Puis nous étudions la dynamique de Glauber d'un système sur le tore avec interaction de champ moyen local, dans l'asymptotique d'un nombre infini de particules. L'étude des fluctuations autour de la loi des grands nombres montre la nécessité d'une renormalisation en espace et en temps à la température critique. La théorie des grandes déviations permet d'analyser les changements d'attracteurs à basse température, nous mettons en évidence la nucléation. Enfin, nous étudions les points stationnaires du modèle de champ moyen local à l'aide de la théorie des bifurcationsWe are interested in particles systems located on a lattice, with different type of interaction For short range interaction on zd, we study the large deviation properties for the empirical field of a Gibbs measure we also cover the case of random interaction and derive some applications Next we study Glauber dynamics of a local mean field model on the torus in the asymptotics of a large number of particles The fluctuation process has to be rescaled in space and time at the critical temperature We analyse the dynamics of a change of attractor using large deviations techniques at low temperature we recover a description for nucleation We then need to study the stationary points in such a local mean field model this is tackled in the frame of bifurcation theory
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Oral, Hasan Giray. "Modeling time-resolved interaction force mode AFM imaging." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43691.
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Intermittent contact mode atomic force microscopy has been widely employed for simultaneous topography imaging and material characterization. The work in the literature includes both qualitative and quantitative methods. Regular AFM cantilevers are generally used in these methods, yet these cantilevers come with certain limitations. These limitations result from the very nature of cantilever probes. They are passive force sensors with insufficient damping. This prevents having active and complete control on tip-sample forces, causing sample damage and inaccurate topography measurement. Ideally, an AFM probe should offer high bandwidth to resolve interaction forces, active control capability for small interaction force and stable operation, and sufficient damping to avoid transient ringing which causes undesired forces on the sample. Force sensing integrated readout and active tip (FIRAT) probe offers these properties. A special imaging mode, time-resolved interaction force (TRIF) mode imaging can be performed using FIRAT probe for simultaneous topography and material property imaging. The accuracy of topography measurement of samples with variations in elastic and adhesive properties is investigated via numerical simulations and experiments. Results indicate that employing FIRAT probe's active tip control (ATC) capability during TRIF mode imaging provides significant level of control over the tip-sample forces. This improves the accuracy of topography measurement during simultaneous material property imaging, compared to conventional methods. Moreover, Active tip control (ATC) preserves constant contact time during force control for stable contact while preventing loss of material property information such as elasticity and adhesive forces.
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Verigan, Adam. "Improving pediatric cardiology consultation methods by introducing gigital interactive 3-D heart models : a proof of concept study." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002165.
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Verigan, Adam. "Improving Pediatric Cardiology Consultation Methods by Introducing Digital Interactive 3-D Heart Models: A Proof of Concept Study." Scholar Commons, 2007. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3847.
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The purpose of a pediatric cardiology consultation is to inform, or educate, the patient and family of all aspects surrounding a certain congenital heart defect. Consultation education methods and materials may include verbal descriptions, two-dimensional (2-D) heart diagrams, and take-home pamphlets. Because the human heart is a complex three-dimensional (3-D) object, the problem lies within the clarity to which these methods are performed by the doctors and understood by the patients and families. Therefore, during a consultation the cardiologist must a) possess the ability to describe a defect visually as well as verbally and b) ensure that the patient and family have a clear understanding of the situation. In this work a method to improve patient consultation is outlined. Heart model segmentation methods from Cardiac MRA images are discussed by using the Materialise Mimics 10.11 software. EduView, the proposed software application solution, provides the user with traditional verbal descriptions and 2-D heart diagrams along with the ability to interact with a digital 3-D human heart model. By including a 3-D approach, the purpose is to assist the cardiologist in explaining a defect while further educating the patient and family. Sun Microsystems Java technology was utilized in order to program the application. Implementation of the software solution is outlined and the results from two surveys involving parents of children with congenital heart defects and pediatric cardiologists are presented. This study outlines a proof of concept. There is significant potential for extending and marketing this tool for future clinical use.
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Hong, Sang-Ki. "Development and proof-of-concept of an interactive visualization system for the spatiotemporal analysis of linear point data /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487944660933062.
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GauthierDickey, Christopher Jay. "Cheat-proof event ordering for large-scale distributed multiplayer games /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1324389301&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-139). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Jackson, Gregory Alexander. "Researching sensitive topics: Adjusting cultural probes to research and identify design spaces for sensitive HCI." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23067.
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Research tools to identify sensitive topics and thus new opportunities to design for have grown in popularity in the last twenty years within HCI, with many projects and areas to note. However, the research tools used are still underdeveloped (Crabtree, 2003), and many universal designs of the 20th century have failed to develop for more sensitive areas, bar the conventional young, non-disabled, white, cis-male (Clarkson, 2003). The topics discussed in the thesis are reviews and arguments for the use of an adapted cultural probe’s place to research sensitive topics, identify perhaps previously hidden “sensitive-HCI” (Waycott et al. 2015) design spaces. The focus is on the tools to gather data, and discover design opportunities, rather than the particular and actual findings from the study.
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Waissman, Jonah. "Carbon Nanotubes for the Generation and Imaging of Interacting 1D States of Matter." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11661.
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Low-dimensional systems in condensed matter physics exhibit a rich array of correlated electronic phases. One-dimensional systems stand out in this regard. Electrons cannot avoid each other in 1D, enhancing the effects of interactions. The resulting correlations leave distinct spatial imprints on the electronic density that can be imaged with scanning probes. Disorder, however, can destroy these delicate interacting states by breaking up the electron liquid into localized pieces. Thus, to generate fragile interacting quantum states, one requires an extremely clean system in which disorder does not overcome interactions, as well as a high degree of tunability to design potential landscapes. Furthermore, to directly measure the resulting spatial correlations, one requires an exceptionally sensitive scanning probe, but the most sensitive probes presently available are also invasive, perturbing the system and screening electron-electron interactions.Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Humières, Emmanuel d'. "Accélération de protons par interaction laser-plasma et applications." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066047.
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Hashim, R. Bt. "The use of fluorescent probes in the study of the interaction of the interaction of heparin with antithrombin III and polycations." Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356175.
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Chabot, Isabelle. "Les interactions entre beta-bloquants et inhibiteurs calciques : a propos de deux observations." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT031M.
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Buyck, Maarten. "Construction interactive d'un domaine notionnel : à propos de la notion {intégration, intégrer, s'intégrer, --} dans un corpus conversationnel /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1995. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Jackson, Gregory. "Researching sensitive topics: Adjusting cultural probes to research and identify design spaces for sensitive HCI." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21888.
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Research tools to identify sensitive topics and thus new opportunities to design for have grown in popularity in the last twenty years within HCI, with many projects and areas to note. However, the research tools used are still underdeveloped (Crabtree, 2003), and many universal designs of the 20th century have failed to develop for more sensitive areas, bar the conventional young, non-disabled, white, cis-male (Clarkson, 2003). The topics discussed in the thesis are reviews and arguments for the use of an adapted cultural probe’s place to research sensitive topics, identify perhaps previously hidden “sensitive-HCI” (Waycott et al. 2015) design spaces. The focus is on the tools to gather data, and discover design opportunities, rather than the particular and actual findings from the study.
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Gustavsson, Emil, and Gabriel Ellebrink. "Kan avsiktlig friktion inom interaktionsdesign minska antal användarfel vid insatsprocessen för blockkedjor med Proof-of-Stake teknik?" Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-273981.
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Denna studie undersöker huruvida avsiktligt implementerad friktion inom interaktionsdesign kan minska antal användarfel vid insatsprocessen för blockkedjor med Proof-of-Stake teknik. Friktion som avsiktligt implementerats har tidigare visats kunna leda till färre användarfel. Det spekuleras i att blockkedjor kan komma att användas i större utsträckning i framtiden. Eftersom fel i insatsprocessen för en blockkedja med Proof-of-Stake teknik kan leda till att pengar går förlorade valdes det området för att undersökas närmare om friktion kan leda till färre användarfel. Studien avgränsas till en typ av avsiktlig friktion som kallas design for pauses som syftar till att få användaren att tillfälligt stanna upp med sin interaktion. I studien skapades två versioner av en prototyp på en insatsprocess till blockkedjan Ethereum som testades på två olika testgrupper. Ena versionen av prototypen innehöll avsiktligt implementerad friktion och i den andra versionen adderades ingen friktion avsiktligt. Deltagarna i testet ombads utföra insatsprocessen i prototypen där deras interaktioner granskades och statistik fördes på antal användarfel. Användarfelen delades upp i två kategorier: slarvfel och misstag. Resultaten från testerna visar på att avsiktlig friktion av typen design for pauses minskar antal användarfel av typen misstag. Ytterligare forskning krävs för att besvara om design for pauses kan bidra till att minska antal användarfel av typen slarvfel.This study evaluates whether intentionally implemented friction within interaction design can reduce the amount of user errors in the staking process within blockhains with Proof-of-Stake technology. Intentionally implemented friction has previously been proved to reduce user errors. It is speculated that blockchains may be used to a greater extent in the future. Since user errors in the staking process of a blockchain with Proof-of-Stake technology can result in money being lost, that field was selected to investigate if friction can result in fewer user errors. This study is limited to a type of deliberate friction called design for pauses which aims to temporarily pause the users interaction. In the study, two versions of a prototype were created to simulate the staking process for the Ethereum blockchain and were tested on two different test groups. One version of the prototype had intentionally added friction while in the other version no friction was added intentionally. Participants in the test were asked to perform the staking process in the prototype. Their interactions were analyzed and statistics were kept on the number of user errors. The user errors were divided into two categories: slips and mistakes. The results of the tests shows that deliberate friction of type design for pauses leads to reduced number of user errors of type mistakes. Further research is needed in order to answer whether design for pauses may reduce the number of user errors of type slips.
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Kučera, Petr. "MOŽNOSTI VYUŽITÍ PROJEKTOVÝCH TECHNIK V PROCESNÍM MANAGEMENTU A NOVÉ SMĚRY PROJEKTOVÉHO MANAGEMENTU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-866.
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Tato práce se zabývá vzájemnou provázaností projektového a procesního řízení. Jejím cílem je zjištění možností přenosu technik a metod aplikovaných při řešení projektů na řešení problémů v procesním řízení. Po prozkoumání společných a rozdílných rysů projektů a procesů jsem v první části práce dospěl k závěru, že mezi instanci procesu a projekt lze, s jistými omezeními, položit ekvivalenci. V následující části práce mapuji vzájemné interakce mezi projektovým a procesním řízením. Jsou zde uvedeny jak obecné způsoby vzájemných interakcí mezi oběma typy řízení, tak vybrané metodiky, které získávají v posledních letech na významu, ale prozatím nepronikly do obecného povědomí (Six Sigma, Lean). Práce má také za úkol čtenáře seznámit s novými trendy v projektovém řízení. Do této oblasti spadá a významnou částí na práci se podílí pojednání o Human Interaction Managementu. Práce se pokouší o zmapování jeho možností a přínosů, ale také možných problémových oblastí, se kterými se může uživatel tohoto přístupu setkat. Do práce jsem zahrnul také seznámení s prvním Human Interaction Management Systémem, který prozatím není běžně dostupný. Cílem bylo přiblížit čtenáři způsob práce s takovýmto systémem, seznámit jej s výhodami tohoto nového přístupu na konkrétní aplikaci, ale také nastínit možná úskalí.
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McMahon, John Charles. "The interaction of infinite and finite cylindrical probes with a drifting collisionless Maxwellian plasma." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59147.pdf.
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Ryan, Jeremy Adam. "Design and synthesis of probes for detection of protein-protein interaction and RNA localization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33657.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2005.Includes bibliographical references.
The use of the ketone biotin - benzophenone-biotin hydrazide system for detecting the formation of cyan fluorescent protein and NF-kappaB p50 dimers was assessed. A series of benzophenone-based probes were synthesized and tested for photocrosslinking activity to investigate the efficiency of photocrosslinking in these systems. Three series of small molecule probes were synthesized for the selection of ribozymes from a random sequence pool. Solid-phase immobilized fluorescein and fluorescein phosphates were synthesized for the indirect selection of a fluorescein phosphatase ribozyme. A corresponding thiophosphate analog was created for the in-gel selection of a thiophosphatase ribozyme via APM-PAGE. Finally, a series of fluorescein-nucleoside phosphate conjugates was designed and synthesized for use in the solution phase preparation of a fluorogenic ribozyme substrate, and later immobilization of this substrate on a silyl resin for direct ribozyme selection.
by Jeremy Adam Ryan.
S.M.
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PAULY, PHILIPPE. "Pseudo-pheochromocytome : a propos de deux observations de faux pheochromocytomes dus a des interactions medicamenteuses." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU31045.
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Pommarel, Loann. "Transport and control of a laser-accelerated proton beam for application to radiobiology." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX001/document.
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L’accélération de particules par interaction laser-plasma est une alternative prometteuse aux accélérateurs conventionnels qui permettrait de rendre plus compactes les machines du futur dédiées à la protonthérapie. Des champs électriques extrêmes de l’ordre du TV/m sont créés en focalisant une impulsion laser ultra-intense sur une cible solide mince de quelques micromètres d’épaisseur, ce qui produit un faisceau de particules de haute énergie. Ce dernier contient des protons ayant une énergie allant jusqu’à la dizaine de mégaélectron-volts, et est caractérisé par une forte divergence angulaire et un spectre en énergie très étendu.Le but de cette thèse est de caractériser parfaitement un accélérateur laser-plasma afin de produire un faisceau de protons stable, satisfaisant les critères d'énergie, de charge et d'homogénéité de surface requis pour son utilisation en radiobiologie. La conception, la réalisation et l’implémentation d’un système magnétique, constitué d'aimants permanents quadripolaires ont été optimisés au préalable avec des simulations numériques. Ce système permet d’obtenir un faisceau de protons ayant un spectre en énergie qui à été mise en forme, et dont le profil est uniforme sur une surface de taille adaptée aux échantillons biologiques.Une dosimétrie absolue et en ligne a également été établie, permettant le contrôle de la dose délivrée en sortie. Pour cela, une chambre d'ionisation à transmission, précédemment calibrée sur un accélérateur à usage médical de type cyclotron, a été mise en place sur le trajet du faisceau de protons. Des simulations Monte Carlo ont ensuite permis de calculer la dose déposée dans les échantillons. Ce système compact autorise maintenant de définir un protocole expérimental rigoureux pour la poursuite d’expériences in vitro de radiobiologie. De premières irradiations de cellules cancéreuses ont été ainsi réalisées in vitro, ouvrant la voie à l’exploration des effets de rayonnements ionisants pulsés à haut débit de dose sur les cellules vivantesParticle acceleration by laser-plasma interaction is a promising alternative to conventional accelerators that could make future devices dedicated to protontherapy more compact. Extreme electric fields in the order of TV/m are created when an ultra-intense laser pulse is focused on a thin solid target with a thickness of a few micrometers, which generates a beam of highly energetic particles. The latter includes protons with energies up to about ten megaelectron-volts and characterised by a wide angular divergence and a broad energy spectrum.The goal of this thesis is to fully characterise a laser-based accelerator in order to produce a stable proton beam meeting the energy, charge and surface homogeneity requirements for radiobiological experiments. The design, realisation and implementation of a magnetic system made of permanent magnet quadrupoles were optimised beforehand through numerical simulations. It enables to obtain a beam with a shaped energy spectrum and with a uniform profile over a surface with a size adapted to the biological samples.Deferred and online dosimetry was setup to monitor the delivered output dose. For that purpose, a transmission ionisation chamber, previously calibrated absolutely on a medical proton accelerator, was used. Monte Carlo simulations enabled to compute the dose deposited into the samples. This compact system allows now to define a rigorous experimental protocol for in vitro radiobiological experiments. First experiments of cancer cell irradiation have been carried out, paving the way for the exploration of the effects of pulsed ionizing radiations at extremely high dose rates on living cells
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Rönnberg, Sofia. "Design Probes : A Good Method for Designing with Children." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-150461.
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Design probes are a User-centered Design method with focus on close involvement of users in design. This is done by creating a package of artefacts that participants can complete wherever and whenever the individual sees fit. Further, children are a user group that differentiate from other user groups having other needs and attributes within design. This study investigated how design probes motivate children in the design process. A focus of the study is also to compare the applicability of thematic and non-thematic design probes with children. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach where the empirical data was in the shape of four different design probes that were created and tested by students from Linköping University from the program of Design and Product Development. The tests they carried out were performed on children at the age of 10 to 13. Data analysis were made through coding and thematic analysis. The study concludes that design probes is an adequate method for designing with children. Although, there are additional challenges in terms of playfulness, motivation, language, rewards, time-sense, creativity, influences and reflection. If design probes with children are managed correctly, they will yield results of great value to design. Also, having a theme in the design probe might help to motivate children. Although, themes are no guarantee for success since it will not solve challenges that are independent of themes. Keywords: Design probe, children, designing with children, User-centered Design, motivation
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Saghai, Bijan. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et théorique des observables de la diffusion élastique π± - deuton : test de la symétrie de charge ?" Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112233.
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BERTIN, CHAPEAU CHRISTINE. "Bronchospasme d'origine iatrogene et metabolisme de l'acide arachidonique : a propos de quatorze observations et revue critique de la litterature." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0171.
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Pascual, Almenara Afra. "Accesibilidad en entornos web interactivos: superación de las barreras digitales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/314581.
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A diario, millones de personas sin conocimientos técnicos publican contenido en la web en blogs, wikis, redes sociales, etc. A pesar de existir recomendaciones de accesibilidad, como las pautas WCAG y ATAG de la W3C y que estas se han convertido en normativas (la norma ISO/IEC 40500:2012, la norma UNE 139803:2012 en España, o la Sección 508 en Estados Unidos) e incluso leyes de obligado cumplimiento, la accesibilidad de la web es todavía una característica raramente implementada hoy en día. Los usuarios, inconscientemente, siguen publicando contenido que presenta barreras a las personas con discapacidad y que afectan sus derechos civiles.
Esta tesis doctoral explora esta problemática y, con la intención de solucionarla, pone el foco en la comunicación de las barreras de accesibilidad a las personas que publican contenido en la web sin conocimientos técnicos. La hipótesis que fundamenta la tesis es que «reduciendo la complejidad de la información relacionada con la accesibilidad, se propiciaría la aplicación de criterios de autoría accesibles, aumentando la calidad general del contenido web».
A partir de técnicas relacionadas con el DCU y la Ingeniería Semiótica (IngSem) se hace una propuesta de comunicación de las barreras de accesibilidad, que se demuestra en una prueba de concepto, el sistema Emphatic Editor for Accessibility (EE4A).Diàriament, milions de persones sense coneixements tècnics publiquen contingut a la web a blogs, wikis, xarxes socials, etc. Tot i que existeixen recomanacions d’accessibilitat, com les pautes WCAG i ATAG de la W3A i que aquestes s’han convertit en normativa (la norma ISO/IEC 40500:2012, la norma UNE 139803:2012 a Espanya, o la Secció 508 als Estats Units) i a més hi ha lleis d’obligat compliment, l’accessibilitat de la web és encara una característica rarament implementada avui en dia. Els usuaris, inconscientment, segueixen publicant continguts que presenten barreres per a les persones amb discapacitat i que afecta als seus drets civils. Aquesta tesi doctoral explora aquest problemàtica i, amb la intenció de solucionar-la, posa el focus en la comunicació de les barreres d’accessibilitat a les persones que publiquen contingut a la web sense coneixement tècnics. La hipòtesis que fonamenta la tesi és que « reduint la complexitat de la informació relacionada amb l’accessibilitat, es propiciaria l’aplicació de criteris d’autoria accessibles, augmentant la qualitat general del contingut web». A partir de tècniques relacionades amb el DCU i l’Enginyeria Semiòtica (IngSem) es fa una proposta de comunicació de les barreres d’accessibilitat, que es demostra en una prova de concepte, el sistema Emphatic Editor for Accessibility (EE4A).
Every day, thousands of users with non-technical knowledge publish web content on blogs, wikis, social networks, etc. Although there are accessibility recommendations, such as WCAG and ATAG W3C guidelines, and that they have become standards (ISO/IEC 40500: 2012, UNE 139803: 2012 in Spain, or Section 508 in United States) and even mandatory laws, web accessibility is still a feature rarely implemented today. Users, unconscious of accessibility requirements, keep on publishing content which presents barriers to people with disabilities, and which impact their civil rights. This PhD explores this issue, aiming at find a solution, and puts the focus on the communication of accessibility barriers to people who publish web content without technical knowledge. The hypothesis underlying the thesis is that «reducing the complexity of the information related with accessibility would help the application of accessible criteria in authoring, and would increase the overall quality of web content». With techniques related with DCU and Semiotics Engineering (IngSem), the PhD thesis makes a proposal of communication of accessibility barriers, demonstrated through a proof of concept, the Emphatic Editor for Accessibility (EE4A).
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Humeau, Antoine. "Diversité morphologique et instabilité locomotrice des proies du fourmilion." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR4041/document.
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Nous avons étudié les mécanismes d’interaction entre le piège du fourmilion, une dépression conique dans le sable, et ses proies. Nous avons identifié un spectre optimal de proies, pesant environ 2 à 3 mg, par une expérience d’écologie comportementale sur des fourmis. Les proies plus petites et plus grosses sont moins capturées, pour des raisons différentes. Nous avons également découvert que la compacité du milieu granulaire où les fourmilions construisent influence la probabilité de capture. Le piège garde donc en mémoire l’état du milieu, avec des conséquences sur l’alimentation du prédateurWe studied the interactions between an antlion pit, a conical depression in sand, and its prey. We identified an optimal range of prey size with a behavioural ecology experiment with ants. Prey that are lighter or heavier are less captured, for different causes, than prey of around 2 and 3 mg. We also found that the compaction of the granular medium where antlion built impacts on the probability of capture of prey. The pit so has a memory of the initial state of the immediate soil environment, with consequences for the predator success
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Martin, Alan J. "Reasoning Using Higher-Order Abstract Syntax in a Higher-Order Logic Proof Environment: Improvements to Hybrid and a Case Study." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19711.
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We present a series of improvements to the Hybrid system, a formal theory implemented in Isabelle/HOL to support specifying and reasoning about formal systems using higher-order abstract syntax (HOAS). We modify Hybrid's type of terms, which is built definitionally in terms of de Bruijn indices, to exclude at the type level terms with `dangling' indices. We strengthen the injectivity property for Hybrid's variable-binding operator, and develop rules for compositional proof of its side condition, avoiding conversion from HOAS to de Bruijn indices. We prove representational adequacy of Hybrid (with these improvements) for a lambda-calculus-like subset of Isabelle/HOL syntax, at the level of set-theoretic semantics and without unfolding Hybrid's definition in terms of de Bruijn indices. In further work, we prove an induction principle that maintains some of the benefits of HOAS even for open terms. We also present a case study of the formalization in Hybrid of a small programming language, Mini-ML with mutable references, including its operational semantics and a type-safety property. This is the largest case study in Hybrid to date, and the first to formalize a language with mutable references. We compare four variants of this formalization based on the two-level approach adopted by Felty and Momigliano in other recent work on Hybrid, with various specification logics (SLs), including substructural logics, formalized in Isabelle/HOL and used in turn to encode judgments of the object language. We also compare these with a variant that does not use an intermediate SL layer. In the course of the case study, we explore and develop new proof techniques, particularly in connection with context invariants and induction on SL statements.