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Journal articles on the topic 'Intercept light'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Corelli-Grappadelli, Luca, Gianfranco Ravaglia, and Eugenio Magnanini. "160 Light Conversion Efficiency in Peach Training Systems." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 417D—417. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.417d.

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Training system efficiency may be defined as the ratio of fruit produced to the amount of light intercepted by the canopy. In apple, a positive, linear relationship between yield and light intercepted is generally found, but in peach similar data are hard to come by. This paper reports data from an ongoing training systems trial now in the 7th year, with trees trained as Y, palmette, and delayed vase. During the life of the orchard, light interception has been measured for the different tree shapes, the yields have been recorded, and, in some years, whole-canopy gas exchanges of cropping trees

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Marotta, Gianluca, Paola Sansoni, Franco Francini, David Jafrancesco, Maurizio De Lucia, and Daniela Fontani. "Structured Light Profilometry on m-PTC." Energies 13, no. 21 (2020): 5671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215671.

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In concentrating solar systems, it is essential to study the optical losses of the collectors. A fundamental parameter is the intercept factor, namely, the fraction of sunrays reflected by the concentrator that reaches the receiver. Optical profilometry studies the relationship between the collector profile and the intercept factor, which influences the collection efficiency. Profilometric analyses were performed on a micro-parabolic trough collector (m-PTC), with reduced sizes and greater mirror curvature than a usual PTC. The proposed technique projects a luminous pattern (structured light)

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3

Kalischuk, Melanie, Peter V. Blenis, and Lawrence M. Kawchuk. "A Light-Adjusted Growth Intercept Model for Predicting White Spruce Site Index." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 21, no. 2 (2006): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/21.2.68.

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Abstract One of the challenges of managing spruce-aspen mixedwoods in the boreal forest is the difficulty in determining site index for spruce in those stands in which it occurs primarily in the understory. A study was conducted to determine if growth increment of understory spruce, adjusted for available light, could predict spruce site index. In each of nine stands, spruce site index was determined for three dominant trees. Available light (measured as proportion transmitted) and growth increment (estimated by the growth intercept method) were recorded for three to eight understory spruce pe

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Hampson, Cheryl R., Harvey A. Quamme, Frank Kappel, and Robert T. Brownlee. "Varying Density with Constant Rectangularity: I. Effects on Apple Tree Growth and Light Interception in Three Training Systems over Ten Years." HortScience 39, no. 3 (2004): 501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.3.501.

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The effect of increasing planting density at constant rectangularity on the vegetative growth and light interception of apple [Malus ×sylvestris (L) var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] trees in three training systems (slender spindle, tall spindle, and Geneva Y trellis) was assessed for 10 years. Five tree densities (from 1125 to 3226 trees/ha) and two cultivars (Royal Gala and Summerland McIntosh) were tested in a fully guarded split-split plot design. Planting density was the most influential factor. As tree density increased, tree size decreased, and leaf area index and light interception incre

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Harzic, N., and C. Huyghe. "Dwarfism does not modify mean area per leaf and light interception in indeterminate autumn-sown white lupin." Journal of Agricultural Science 127, no. 3 (1996): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600078515.

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SUMMARYThe effect of dwarfism on leaf number and size was investigated on six pairs of tall and dwarf nearisogenic lines of indeterminate autumn-sown white lupins (Lupinus albus L.). Dwarfism reduced mainstem height by 41% and first-order branch length by 22%. It also slightly decreased the number of leaves on the mainstem and first-order branches without affecting the time of flowering. Leaf size was not reduced. Logistic equations were used to analyse differences in the patterns of light interception by leaf canopies relative to thermal time from sowing during the growth of seven dwarf lines

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Hill, Christopher J. "Habitat specificity and food preferences of an assemblage of tropical Australian dung beetles." Journal of Tropical Ecology 12, no. 4 (1996): 449–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646740000969x.

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ABSTRACTTwo dung beetle assemblages from rainforest and open forest in the wet tropics of north-eastern Australia are described. The fauna was sampled using flight intercept traps, baited pitfall traps and light traps, with flight intercept traps being the most effective sampling technique. Dung beetle species were found to be highly habitat specific with a switch from rainforest to open forest assemblages occurring over tens of metres. The majority of the fauna was active at night. The most abundant species were attracted to a variety of food types but several species appeared to specialize o

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Osselaer, J. C., J. P. Cazenave, C. Waller, et al. "An Active Hemovigilance Program Characterizing the Safety Profile of 7,437 Platelet Transfusions Prepared with Photochemical Treatment (INTERCEPT™)." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 2894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2894.2894.

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Abstract Background. Inactivation of pathogens and leukocytes in platelet components using amotosalen and UVA light (INTERCEPT) is in routine use in some European blood centers. An active hemovigilance program was implemented to characterize the safety profile of INTERCEPT platelets (PLT) in a broad patient population. The results of the first 5,106 transfusions (txn) have been reported (HV1: Vox Sang2006;91(s3): 181). Here we report the results of an additional 7,437 txn. Methods. Apheresis or buffy coat PLT were leukoreduced, suspended in ∼35% plasma and 65% Intersol™, treated with the INTER

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Campos, José C. S., Maurício A. Carneiro, and Miguel A. S. Basei. "U-Pb evidence for late Neoarchean crustal reworking in the Southern São Francisco Craton (Minas Gerais, Brazil)." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 75, no. 4 (2003): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652003000400008.

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The Passa Tempo Metamorphic Complex is one of several metamorphic complexes that form the Archean sialic crust of the southern São Francisco Craton. It encompasses hypersthene-bearing gneissic rocks, with subordinateNW- or EW-trending mafic-ultramafic bodies and granodioritic to alkali-granitic, weakly foliated, and light-colored granitoids. These granitoids are the product of generalized migmatization that followed granulite-facies metamorphism. To determine the ages of the granulite-facies metamorphism and granitoid genesis, we obtained U-Pb ages on zircon extracted from the mesosome and leu

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Li, Chunfeng, Xiping Xu, Huiqi Sun, Jianwei Miao, and Zhen Ren. "Coaxiality of Stepped Shaft Measurement Using the Structured Light Vision." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 23, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5575152.

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A method is proposed to measure the coaxiality of stepped shafts based on line structured light vision. In order to solve the repeated positioning error of the measured shaft, the light plane equation solution method is proposed using movement distance and initial light plane equation. In the coaxiality measurement model, the equation of the reference axis is obtained by the overall least square method through the center point coordinates of each intercept line on the reference axis. The coaxiality error of each shaft segment relative to the reference axis is solved based on the principle of m

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Glenn, D. Michael, Ralph Scorza, and William R. Okie. "(352) Genetic and Environmental Effects Related to Water Use Efficiency in Peach." HortScience 40, no. 4 (2005): 1017B—1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1017b.

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Two unpruned willow leaf and two unpruned standard leaf peach [Prunuspersica(L.) Batsch.] selections were evaluated for physiological components related to water use efficiency (WUE). The purpose of the study was to assess the value of willow leaf phenotypes to improve water use efficiency in peach and separate the environmental from the genetic components. The willow leaf characteristic itself did not confer improved water use efficiency. Light interception was a key determinant of WUE in these genotypes and the relationship of WUE with intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by

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van Grunsven, Roy H. A., Julia Becker, Stephanie Peter, Stefan Heller, and Franz Hölker. "Long-Term Comparison of Attraction of Flying Insects to Streetlights after the Transition from Traditional Light Sources to Light-Emitting Diodes in Urban and Peri-Urban Settings." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (2019): 6198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226198.

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Among the different light sources used for street lighting, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are likely to dominate the world market in the coming years. At the same time, the spectral composition of nocturnal illumination is changing. Europe and many other areas worldwide have implemented bans on energy-inefficient lamps, such as the still very common mercury vapor lamps. However, the impact of artificial light on insects is mostly tested with light-traps or flight-intercept traps that are used for short periods only. By comparing the numbers of insects attracted by street lamps before and after

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Babukhin, D., and D. Sych. "Intercept-resend attack on passive side channel of the light source in BB84 decoy-state protocol." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1695 (December 2020): 012119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1695/1/012119.

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Oman, Charles M., M. Stephen Huntley, and Scott A. M. Rasmussen. "Analog Track Angle Error Displays Improve Simulated GPS Approach Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 2 (1996): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604000204.

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Pilots flying non-precision instrument approaches traditionally rely on a course deviation indicator (CDI) analog display of cross track error (XTE) information. The new generation of GPS based area navigation (RNAV) receivers can also compute accurate track angle error (TAE). Does display of supplementary TAE information improve intercept and tracking performance? Six pilots each flew 20 approaches in a light twin simulator to evaluate 3 different TAE/XTE display formats, in comparison to a conventional receiver CDI display and a more centrally located Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI). St

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Siliprandi, N. C., E. M. Nogueira, J. J. Toledo, P. M. Fearnside, and H. E. M. Nascimento. "Inter-site variation in allometry and wood density of Goupia glabra Aubl. in Amazonia." Brazilian Journal of Biology 76, no. 1 (2016): 268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.22514.

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Abstract The present study aims to compare the allometry and wood density of Goupia glabra Aubl. (Goupiaceae) in two different terra-firme sites in Amazonian forest. A total of 65 trees ≥ 10 cm DBH was sampled in both sites, with 39 trees in Nova Olinda do Norte (NOlinda, near the Amazon River) and 29 trees in Apuí (near the southern edge of the Amazon forest). Except for the relationship between DBH (diameter at breast height) and Ht (total height), allometric relationships for G.glabra differed significantly between sites. Apuí had lower intercept and greater slope for log10 (DBH) versus log

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Fladung, Lukas, Georgios M. Nikolopoulos, Gernot Alber, and Marc Fischlin. "Intercept-Resend Emulation Attacks against a Continuous-Variable Quantum Authentication Protocol with Physical Unclonable Keys." Cryptography 3, no. 4 (2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryptography3040025.

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Optical physical unclonable keys are currently considered to be rather promising candidates for the development of entity authentication protocols, which offer security against both classical and quantum adversaries. In this work, we investigate the robustness of a continuous-variable protocol, which relies on the scattering of coherent states of light from the key, against three different types of intercept–resend emulation attacks. The performance of the protocol is analyzed for a broad range of physical parameters, and our results are compared to existing security bounds.

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Curty, M., L. L. Zhang, H. K. Lo, and N. Lutkenhaus. "Sequential attacks against differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution with weak coherent states." Quantum Information and Computation 7, no. 7 (2007): 665–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic7.7-7.

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We investigate limitations imposed by sequential attacks on the performance of differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution protocols that use pulsed coherent light. In particular, we analyze two sequential attacks based on unambiguous state discrimination and minimum error discrimination, respectively, of the signal states emitted by the source. Sequential attacks represent a special type of intercept-resend attacks and, therefore, they provide ultimate upper bounds on the maximal distance achievable by quantum key distribution schemes.

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Suzuki, S., J. P. Butler, E. H. Oldmixon, and F. G. Hoppin. "Light scattering by lungs correlates with stereological measurements." Journal of Applied Physiology 58, no. 1 (1985): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.97.

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The pattern of light backscattered by lung tissue should depend strongly on the size of air spaces and equivalently on the internal surface area of the lung. To verify and apply this, we shone a laser beam into excised lungs through the pleural surface and measured the backscattered light surrounding the beam with a focused photodetector. The intensity, I, fell off as a function of distance, r, from the point of entry of light. The configurations of I(r) curves corresponded closely to theory over a 3-decade range of I. I(r) changed systematically with lung volume. The optical mean free path, l

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SHIELD, I. F., T. SCOTT, C. HUYGHE, et al. "The effects of seed rate and row spacing on light interception, dry matter accumulation and seed yield, in non-dwarf and dwarf genotypes of autumn-sown determinate white lupins (Lupinus albus) in north-west Europe." Journal of Agricultural Science 138, no. 1 (2002): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859601001691.

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Two non-dwarf and two dwarf, autumn-sown determinate genotypes of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) were sown at three sites in north-west Europe in the crop years, 1995–96, 1996–97 and 1997–98. Fully factorial experimental designs were used to analyse all combinations of genotype, seed rate and row spacing. Canopy expansion, expressed as the percentage of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) intercepted, and above ground dry matter (DM) accumulation were measured at frequent intervals during the main growing season at Rothamsted in the UK and Lusignan in France. The data from Rothamsted wer

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Cazenave, Jean-Pierre, Pierre Netzer, Simone Schuhler, et al. "Retention of Thrombin Generation Capacity of Therapeutic Apheresis Plasma Prepared with Amotosalen and UVA Light (INTERCEPT) Pathogen Inactivation." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 4027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4027.4027.

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Abstract Background. The hemostatic activity of plasma is due to thrombin generation (TG) provided by the interrelated activation of platelets and the plasma coagulation system. The global capacity for plasma TG can be assessed in the presence of procoagulant phospholipids (PL) as a substitute for activated platelets initiation of the reaction by tissue factor (TF). Photochemical treatment (PCT) of plasma with amotosalen and UVA light (INTERCEPT Blood System, Cerus Europe, Leusden, The Netherlands) retains adequate levels of procoagulant and antithrombotic factors according to European standar

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Setter, TL, EA Conocono, JA Egdane, and MJ Kropff. "Possibility of Increasing Yield Potential of Rice by Reducing Panicle Height in the Canopy. I. Effects of Panicles on Light Interception and Canopy Photosynthesis." Functional Plant Biology 22, no. 3 (1995): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9950441.

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A new rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant type is proposed which is aimed at greater light interception by the leaves during grain filling and reduced susceptibility to lodging. This plant type is based on lowering panicle height in the canopy so that leaves are able to intercept more radiation. Panicle height of four cultivars with high yield potential ranged from 80 to 95% of canopy height at 14 days after flowering (DAF). Harvested panicle area index of two of these which were two tropical cultivars amounted to 0.45-0.57 m2 m-2, while the leaves above the panicles intercepted only 4-12% incident r

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Rico, Salvador, Susan L. Stramer, Richard J. Benjamin, et al. "Treatment Use Study of Platelet Components Treated with Amotosalen and Ultraviolet a Light in Response to Emerging Arboviruses in Puerto Rico - True Study Final Results." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 3844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.3844.3844.

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Abstract Background: In 2014, epidemic chikungunya virus (CHIKV) emerged in Puerto Rico, concurrent with endemic dengue (DENV). The Department of Health mandated blood donation quarantine for 72h pending follow-up donor contact for infectious symptoms. The American Red Cross (ARC) halted local platelet collections and began importing blood components. Imported platelet components (PCs) from the continental U.S. were used to supply hospitals in the Caribbean. An alternative strategy is local PC production with amotosalen +UVA (A-UVA) pathogen reduction (PR) technology (INTERCEPT™ Blood System,

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Afonin, S. S., and I. V. Pusenkov. "Note on universal description of heavy and light mesons." Modern Physics Letters A 29, no. 35 (2014): 1450193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732314501934.

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The experimental spectrum of excited S-wave vector mesons with hidden quark flavor reveals a remarkable property: For all flavors, it is approximately linear in mass squared, [Formula: see text], n is the radial quantum number. We draw attention to the fact that such a universal behavior for any quark mass cannot be obtained in a natural way within the usual semirelativistic potential and string-like models — if the Regge-like behavior is reproduced for the mesons composed of the light quarks, the trajectories become essentially nonlinear for the heavy-quark sector. In reality, however, the li

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Kaihola, Lauri, Hannu Kojola, and Aarne Heinonen. "A Minivial for Small-Sample 14C Dating." Radiocarbon 34, no. 3 (1992): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200063608.

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We have designed a 0.3-ml Teflon minivial for 14C dating of small samples in a liquid scintillation counter. We use a special adapter of standard vial size to optimize the position of the vial with respect to the phototubes and to intercept the light path between them, thus reducing optical cross-talk. Better performance can be achieved by using customized vials than by diluting small samples for counting in large vials. We have achieved counting efficiencies up to 80% in 0.3-ml vials typically with 0.05 cpm background.

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Stoller, Edward W., and Joseph T. Woolley. "Competition for Light by Broadleaf Weeds in Soybeans (Glycine max)." Weed Science 33, no. 2 (1985): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500082096.

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Common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr. ♯ XANPE), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic. ♯ ABUTH), and jimsonweed (Datura stramoniumL. ♯ DATST) are weeds that grow taller than soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] and compete for limited resources such as light. These weeds have an average area of influence of 0.5 m2, thus a density of 1 to 2 plants/m2forms a full canopy of weed leaves above the soybeans that intercept 44 to 56% of the sunlight. Shade of 44 to 56% without weeds, placed above soybeans late in the season corresponding to times of weed shading, reduced soybean yield 19 to 26%.

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SAMKUTTY, PUSHPA J., RONALD H. GOUGH, R. W. ADKINSON, and PAULA MCGREW. "Rapid Assessment of the Bacteriological Quality of Raw Milk Using ATP Bioluminescence†." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 2 (2001): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.2.208.

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Research was conducted to assess the practical use of an ATP bioluminescence assay to evaluate the bacteriological quality of raw milk. Filtration was used to precondition samples before ATP determination, which was measured in relative light units (RLUs). The Lumac ATP bioluminescence assay results were compared with standard plate counts (SPCs) of samples to estimate the microbial load for 246 raw milk samples that were split and either tested immediately or subjected to two preliminary incubation temperatures, 12.8 and 15.6°C, for 18 h. Linear regression analysis procedures were used to ana

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Sutherland, M. L., S. Pearson, and C. M. Brasier. "The Influence of Temperature and Light on Defoliation Levels of Elm by Dutch Elm Disease." Phytopathology® 87, no. 6 (1997): 576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1997.87.6.576.

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The amount of defoliation of elm (Ulmus procera) caused by three Ophiostoma novoulmi Eurasian race isolates over 14 seasons of field trials was found to be strongly correlated with mean air temperature and mean number of sunshine hours over the 12-week period from inoculation to assessment, and with tree age. The coefficient of determination for the regression of percent defoliation on the environmental and tree factors was 0.76, P < 0.001 (33 df). Levels of defoliation were greatest when mean air temperatures exceeded 17°C with moderate light (5 to 7 h of sunshine), and lowest under condit

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Lefrançois, Marie-Lou, Marilou Beaudet, and Christian Messier. "Crown openness as influenced by tree and site characteristics for yellow birch, sugar maple, and eastern hemlock." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 3 (2008): 488–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-177.

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Crown openness (CO) of mature trees influences light transmission within the forest canopy. However, in modeling, this variable is often considered constant within species, and its potential regional variability is ignored. The objective of this study was to evaluate if CO values of yellow birch ( Betula alleghaniensis Britt.), sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.), and eastern hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) vary according to the following factors: (i) species, (ii) regional actual evapotranspiration (AET), (iii) tree size (i.e., diameter at breast height, DBH), and (iv) angle of tra

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Buttarello, M., P. Bulian, M. D. Prà, P. Barbera, and P. Rizzotti. "Reticulocyte quantification by Coulter MAXM VCS (volume, conductivity, light scatter) technology." Clinical Chemistry 42, no. 12 (1996): 1930–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/42.12.1930.

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Abstract In this study the ability of the Coulter MAXM analyzer to quantify reticulocytes was evaluated. The results were compared with those obtained by a microscopic method according to NCCLS H44-P recommendations and with the results from the automated analyzer Sysmex R-1000. Duplicate samples from 330 patients were analyzed. The reference intervals obtained with the three methods were: MAXM 0.37-1.80%, median 0.83%; manual 0.40-2.30%, median 1.00%; R-1000 0.60-1.95%, median 1.06%. The imprecision (CV) at all concentrations is lower than the microscopic method (low 16.1% vs 67%; normal 16.9

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Casal, Jorge J. "Canopy Light Signals and Crop Yield in Sickness and in Health." ISRN Agronomy 2013 (March 6, 2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/650439.

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Crop management decisions such as sowing density, row distance and orientation, choice of cultivar, and weed control define the architecture of the canopy, which in turn affects the light environment experienced by crop plants. Phytochromes, cryptochromes, phototropins, and the UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 are sensory photoreceptors able to perceive specific light signals that provide information about the dynamic status of canopy architecture. These signals include the low irradiance (indicating that not all the effects of irradiance occur via photosynthesis) and low red/far-red ratio typical of d

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Myers, Lucas A., Christopher S. Russi, and Jeffery L. Schultz. "Paramedic Intercepts with Basic Life Support Ambulance Services in Rural Minnesota." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 25, no. 2 (2010): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00007901.

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AbstractIntroduction:In rural Minnesota, it is common for paramedics providing advanced life support (ALS) to rendezvous with ambulances providing only basic life support (BLS). These “intercepts” presumably allow for a higher level of care when patients have certain problems or need ALS interventions. The aim of this study was to review and understand the frequency of para-medic intercepts with regard to the actual care rendered and transport urgency (lights and sirens vs. none).Methods:All paramedic intercepts occurring between January 2003 and December 2007 for one multi-site emergency medi

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Russell, Micah, Jan U. H. Eitel, Andrew J. Maguire, and Timothy E. Link. "Toward a Novel Laser-Based Approach for Estimating Snow Interception." Remote Sensing 12, no. 7 (2020): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12071146.

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Forests reduce snow accumulation on the ground through canopy interception and subsequent evaporative losses. To understand snow interception and associated hydrological processes, studies have typically relied on resource-intensive point scale measurements derived from weighed trees or indirect measurements that compared snow accumulation between forested sites and nearby clearings. Weighed trees are limited to small or medium-sized trees, and indirect comparisons can be confounded by wind redistribution of snow, branch unloading, and clearing size. A potential alternative method could use te

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Mandal, Sudipta, Arvind Sahay, Adrian Terron, and Kavita Mahto. "How implicit self-theories and dual-brand personalities enhance word-of-mouth." European Journal of Marketing 55, no. 5 (2021): 1489–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-07-2019-0591.

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Purpose Consumers subscribe to different mindsets or implicit theories of personality malleability, namely, fixed and growth mindsets. This study aims to investigate how and why consumers’ mindsets can influence their word-of-mouth (WOM) intentions toward a brand and the consequent implications for a brand’s personality. Design/methodology/approach Three mall-intercept studies and one online study demonstrate the influence of consumers’ fixed and growth mindsets on their WOM intentions. The first two mall-intercept studies identify motivations underlying consumers’ WOM intentions as a function

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Tønnesen, Jan, and Merab Kokaia. "Epilepsy and optogenetics: can seizures be controlled by light?" Clinical Science 131, no. 14 (2017): 1605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20160492.

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Over the past decade, ‘optogenetics’ has been consolidated as a game-changing tool in the neuroscience field, by allowing optical control of neuronal activity with high cell-type specificity. The ability to activate or inhibit targeted neurons at millisecond resolution not only offers an investigative tool, but potentially also provides a therapeutic intervention strategy for acute correction of aberrant neuronal activity. As efficient therapeutic tools are in short supply for neurological disorders, optogenetic technology has therefore spurred considerable enthusiasm and fostered a new wave o

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Erdmer, Philippe, Larry Heaman, Robert A. Creaser, Robert I. Thompson, and Ken L. Daughtry. "Eocambrian granite clasts in southern British Columbia shed light on Cordilleran hinterland crust." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38, no. 7 (2001): 1007–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e01-005.

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The Spa Creek assemblage is a distinctive thin pericratonic succession that crosses the Okanagan Valley in the hinterland of the southern Cordilleran Orogen in Canada. The succession was ductilely deformed and metamorphosed before deposition of overlying Triassic dark metaclastic strata. A metaconglomerate within the succession, locally composed of more than 90% biotite granite clasts, yielded five fractions of euhedral zircon that define a precise UPb upper intercept of 555.6 ± 2.5 Ma, inferred to be the age of a nearby pluton. Other clasts in the metaconglomerate are generally more abundant

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Michel, R. P., T. S. Hakim, and C. R. Freeman. "Distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance in experimental fibrosis." Journal of Applied Physiology 65, no. 3 (1988): 1180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.65.3.1180.

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To elucidate mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension in interstitial fibrosis, we compared the left lower lobes (LLL) of six dogs in which fibrosis was induced by radiation and bleomycin with the normal right lower lobes (RLL) for 1) slope and intercept of the vascular pressure-flow (P-Q) curves, 2) segmental resistances with arterial and venous occlusion under base-line conditions, after serotonin and vasodilators, and 3) light-microscopic morphology and morphometry. We found that 1) the total volume and vascular compliance of the fibrotic LLL were five and four times less, respectively, than co

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Batchelor, Warren J., and R. Paul Kibblewhite. "Calculation of the relative bonded area and scattering coefficient from sheet density and fibre shape." Holzforschung 60, no. 3 (2006): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2006.041.

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Abstract The fraction of the available fibre surface in a sheet that is bonded to other fibres is the relative bonded area (RBA), which is an important determinant of sheet mechanical properties. The main method for estimating RBA has been to extrapolate data for the light scattering coefficient as a function of tensile strength to zero tensile strength. This method can produce significant errors. In this paper, the light scattering coefficient, corrected for the total surface area of the fibres available for scattering, was plotted against sheet density, corrected for fibre shape. This was ca

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Thorpe, G. H., I. Bronstein, L. J. Kricka, B. Edwards, and J. C. Voyta. "Chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein based on an adamantyl dioxetane phenyl phosphate substrate." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 12 (1989): 2319–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.12.2319.

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Abstract We have evaluated a new chemiluminescent substrate for the alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) label used in a Hybritech Tandem-E immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The new substrate, adamantyl 1,2-dioxetane phenyl phosphate (AMPPD), emits light at 477 nm when acted upon by the enzyme. Detection limits for AFP with this method were 33 ng/L (mean of 20 replicates of the zero standard + 2 SD) and 470 ng/L (twice background). Between-batch CVs ranged from 4.31% to 9.60% for AFP in the range 29.1-132.0 micrograms/L. Comparison of results for 49 specimens assayed with use of the chemilu

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Bahia, Carlos A. S., Mateus Broilo, and Emerson G. S. Luna. "Regge Phenomenology at LHC Energies." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 45 (January 2017): 1760064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194517600643.

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At high energies the Pomeron plays a crucial part in describing the soft interactions. In the light of LHC (Large Hadron Collider) data we perform a detailed analysis of proton-proton ([Formula: see text]) and antiproton-proton ([Formula: see text]) forward scattering data in order to determine the intercept and the slope of the soft Pomeron trajectory. This analysis is performed based on Regge theory using Born-level amplitudes. We investigate the role of the proton-Pomeron vertex form and of the nearest [Formula: see text]-channel singularity. We give predictions for the total cross section

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Bossière, Gérard, and Jean-Jacques Peucat. "New geochronological information by Rb–Sr and U–Pb investigations from the pre-Alpine basement of Grande Kabylie (Algeria)." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22, no. 5 (1985): 675–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e85-074.

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This study presents the first geochronological results, apart from previously obtained mica ages, from metamorphic basement complex occurring within the internal zone of the Alpine chain of Algeria. The Rb–Sr whole-rock and U–Pb zircon data reveal the existence of an episode of anatectic magmatism around 510 Ma ago that corresponds to late Pan-African orogenic events.A deep crustal fault is thought to represent a major phase of shearing associated with Hercynian blastomylonitic metamorphism and the production of granitic remelts at 271 ± 12 Ma. Reworking of an ancient basement is demonstrated

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Liao, Hai-Lin, Ling-Feng Jiang, and Tian-Ming Yao. "Investigation on the Aggregation Behaviors and Filament Morphology of Tau Protein by a Simple 90° Angle Light-Scattering Assay." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/354730.

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Thein vitroaggregation of tau constructs was monitored by a simple 90° angle light-scattering (LS) approach which was conducted directly on fluorescence instrument. At the optimum incident wavelength (550 nm, unpolarized), the sensitivity of LS was high enough to detect tau aggregation at micromolar range. The nucleation and elongation, different events in the aggregation process of 4RMBD construct (corresponding with the four repeated units of tau Microtubule Binding Domain) could be observed by this approach, as compared with ThS fluorescence assay. The validity of this technique was demonst

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Butler, J. P., H. Miki, S. Suzuki, and T. Takishima. "Step response of lung surface-to-volume ratio by light-scattering stereology." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 5 (1989): 1873–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.5.1873.

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By means of backscattered light from a pointlike source on the pleural surface, we investigated the dynamic behavior of the surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) in excised dog lobes subjected to small volume steps both in and out on both the inflation and deflation limb of standard pressure-volume maneuvers. The technique utilizes the established correlation of the pattern of backscattered light with morphometric mean linear intercept and is suitable for dynamic studies. We hypothesized that 1) there would be a difference in the timing of stress relaxation or recovery between alveolar septa and the f

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Lindbäck, B., T. Berlin, and I. Björkhem. "Three commercial kits and one liquid-chromatographic method evaluated for determining 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in serum." Clinical Chemistry 33, no. 7 (1987): 1226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.7.1226.

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Abstract The accuracy of three commercial kit methods and one liquid-chromatographic (HPLC) method for determining 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in serum was evaluated by using isotope dilution-mass spectrometry as a reference technique. The kit methods were based on radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay. Serum samples were analyzed from male and female volunteers, some of whom had been exposed to ultraviolet B light or given vitamin D3 orally. Results obtained with the three commercial kits were less accurate than those by HPLC. The agreement between the HPLC method and the comparison method was re

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Comeau, Steeve, Peter J. Edmunds, Coulson A. Lantz, and Robert C. Carpenter. "Daily variation in net primary production and net calcification in coral reef communities exposed to elevated <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>." Biogeosciences 14, no. 14 (2017): 3549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3549-2017.

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Abstract. The threat represented by ocean acidification (OA) for coral reefs has received considerable attention because of the sensitivity of calcifiers to changing seawater carbonate chemistry. However, most studies have focused on the organismic response of calcification to OA, and only a few have addressed community-level effects, or investigated parameters other than calcification, such as photosynthesis. Light (photosynthetically active radiation, PAR) is a driver of biological processes on coral reefs, and the possibility that these processes might be perturbed by OA has important impli

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Meis, S. J., E. L. Dove, E. F. Bell, et al. "A gradient-layer calorimeter for measurement of energy expenditure of infants." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 266, no. 3 (1994): R1052—R1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.266.3.r1052.

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We have developed and validated a gradient-layer calorimeter for direct measurement of energy expenditure of preterm infants. Infant calorimeters must be operated and tested differently from adult calorimeters, because the calorimeter must be warmed during operation to limit heat loss from the infant, the calorimeter wall temperature (which is selected on the basis of the infant's maturity) must be precisely controlled, and energy expenditure (heat output) is typically < 10 W. We calibrated our calorimeter by varying the heat produced by a dry source (manikin or light bulb) with airflow (n

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Clément, Alain, François-P. Chalifour, Ghislain Gendron, and Maheshwar P. Bharati. "Nitrogen and light partitioning in a maize/soybean intercropping system under a humid subtropical climate." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, no. 1 (1992): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-008.

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Land-use efficiency in a cereal/legume intercropping system is related to the complementarity of resource use in time or space. Nitrogen and light partitioning in a maize (Zea mays L.)/soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) intercropping system under subtropical climatic conditions in Nepal was studied during the summers of 1988 and 1989. Factors studied included the cropping system (sole cropping vs. intercropping), three levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 35 and 70 kg N ha−1) and two spatial arrangements of the intercrops. During the second season, a non-nodulating soybean isoline of the same cu

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Blum, A. "Variation among wheat cultivars in the response of leaf gas exchange to light." Journal of Agricultural Science 115, no. 3 (1990): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600075717.

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SUMMARYThis research was done in order to explore genetic variation in carbon exchange rate (CER) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves in response to variable photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and to compare old and new Israeli cultivarsin this respect. Leaf gas exchange was measured in detached turgid leaves of 17 cultivars inan open system at 25 °C when PAR was reduced from c. 1200 to 200 μmol/m2 per s. Linear regressions of CER, stomatal conductance, transpirationand leaf internal CO2 concentration (Ci) on log PAR were fitted for each leaf(regression r2 was never <0·79) and

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Hampson, Cheryl R., Harvey A. Quamme, and Robert T. Brownlee. "Canopy Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of 'Royal Gala' Apple Trees Grown for Eight Years in Five Tree Training Systems." HortScience 37, no. 4 (2002): 627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.4.627.

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In 1993, a planting of virus-free 'Royal Gala' apple (Malu×domestica Borkh.) on 'M.9' rootstock was established at Summerland, B.C., Canada, to determine whether angled-canopy training systems could improve orchard tree performance relative to slender spindles. The trees were trained in one of five ways: slender spindle (SS), Geneva Y-trellis (GY), a modified Solen training we called 'Solen Y-trellis' (SY), or V-trellis (LDV), all at the same spacing (1.2 m × 2.8 m), giving a planting density of 2976 trees/ha. In addition, a higher density (7143 trees/ha) version of the V-trellis (HDV) was pla

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Burgess, P. J., and M. K. V. Carr. "Responses of Young Tea (Camellia sinensis) Clones to Drought and Temperature. II. Dry Matter Production and Partitioning." Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 4 (1996): 377–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700001472.

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SUMMARYThe physiological basis for differences in yields from well-watered and draughted plants of four contrasting clones of tea was studied in terms of light interception, dry matter production and partitioning at a high altitude site in Southern Tanzania where there are marked seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature. The plant dry weights, including roots, were measured eight months after field planting and subsequently at intervals of three to four months, corresponding to the different seasons, during the following two years. Fully irrigated plants of one clone (S15/10) were also

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Burgess, P. J., and M. K. V. Carr. "Responses of Young Tea (Camellia sinensis) Clones to Drought and Temperature. II. Dry Matter Production and Partitioning." Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 4 (1996): 377–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700003756.

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SUMMARYThe physiological basis for differences in yields from well-watered and draughted plants of four contrasting clones of tea was studied in terms of light interception, dry matter production and partitioning at a high altitude site in Southern Tanzania where there are marked seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature. The plant dry weights, including roots, were measured eight months after field planting and subsequently at intervals of three to four months, corresponding to the different seasons, during the following two years. Fully irrigated plants of one clone (S15/10) were also

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Brach, E. J., and R. M. Trimble. "EFFECT OF ADHESIVE ON THE SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE OF INSECT TRAPS." Canadian Entomologist 117, no. 12 (1985): 1565–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent1171565-12.

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Sticky traps are commonly used for monitoring insects in studies of their ecology (Southwood 1966) and in programs to manage their numbers (Flint and van den Bosch 1981). These traps may intercept flying insects or may visually attract insects over a distance (Southwood 1966). The relative sensitivity of an insect eye to different wavelengths of light may differ among species (Wigglesworth 1972) and therefore color can affect the quality and magnitude of trap catches (Prokopy and Owens 1983; Southwood 1966). The effect of color on trap catches therefore is often the first step in evaluating tr

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