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Journal articles on the topic 'Intercomparison experiments'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Matthes, K., K. Kodera, J. D. Haigh, et al. "GRIPS Solar Experiments Intercomparison Project: Initial Results." Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics 54, no. 2 (2003): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2467/mripapers.54.71.

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2

Vdovkina, S. S. "Intercomparison of flow measurements at RHIC experiments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 675, no. 2 (2016): 022014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/675/2/022014.

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Steinbrecher, R., G. Eichstädter, W. Schürmann, et al. "Monoterpenes in Air Samples: European Intercomparison Experiments." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 54, no. 4 (1994): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067319408034095.

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4

Takle, E. S., J. Roads, B. Rockel, et al. "Transferability Intercomparison: An Opportunity for New Insight on the Global Water Cycle and Energy Budget." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 88, no. 3 (2007): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-88-3-375.

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A new approach, called transferability intercomparisons, is described for advancing both understanding and modeling of the global water cycle and energy budget. Under this approach, individual regional climate models perform simulations with all modeling parameters and parameterizations held constant over a specific period on several prescribed domains representing different climatic regions. The transferability framework goes beyond previous regional climate model intercomparisons to provide a global method for testing and improving model parameterizations by constraining the simulations with

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LUNDIN, JESSICA M. D., C. MAX STEVENS, ROBERT ARTHERN, et al. "Firn Model Intercomparison Experiment (FirnMICE)." Journal of Glaciology 63, no. 239 (2017): 401–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.114.

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ABSTRACTEvolution of cold dry snow and firn plays important roles in glaciology; however, the physical formulation of a densification law is still an active research topic. We forced eight firn-densification models and one seasonal-snow model in six different experiments by imposing step changes in temperature and accumulation-rate boundary conditions; all of the boundary conditions were chosen to simulate firn densification in cold, dry environments. While the intended application of the participating models varies, they are describing the same physical system and should in principle yield th

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Mazur, Jadwiga, Szymon Guguła, Karolina Danyłec, Krzysztof Kozak, and Dominik Grządziel. "Radon in water standard samples for intercomparison experiments." Radiation Measurements 107 (December 2017): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.09.010.

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Goelzer, Heiko, Sophie Nowicki, Tamsin Edwards, et al. "Design and results of the ice sheet model initialisation experiments initMIP-Greenland: an ISMIP6 intercomparison." Cryosphere 12, no. 4 (2018): 1433–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1433-2018.

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Abstract. Earlier large-scale Greenland ice sheet sea-level projections (e.g. those run during the ice2sea and SeaRISE initiatives) have shown that ice sheet initial conditions have a large effect on the projections and give rise to important uncertainties. The goal of this initMIP-Greenland intercomparison exercise is to compare, evaluate, and improve the initialisation techniques used in the ice sheet modelling community and to estimate the associated uncertainties in modelled mass changes. initMIP-Greenland is the first in a series of ice sheet model intercomparison activities within ISMIP6

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Haywood, A. M., H. J. Dowsett, B. Otto-Bliesner, et al. "Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 1)." Geoscientific Model Development 3, no. 1 (2010): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-3-227-2010.

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Abstract. In 2008 the temporal focus of the Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project was expanded to include a model intercomparison for the mid-Pliocene warm period (3.29–2.97 million years ago). This project is referred to as PlioMIP (Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project). Two experiments have been agreed upon and comprise phase 1 of PlioMIP. The first (Experiment 1) will be performed with atmosphere-only climate models. The second (Experiment 2) will utilise fully coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed model intercomparison project d

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Juckes, Martin, Karl E. Taylor, Paul J. Durack, et al. "The CMIP6 Data Request (DREQ, version 01.00.31)." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 1 (2020): 201–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-201-2020.

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Abstract. The data request of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) defines all the quantities from CMIP6 simulations that should be archived. This includes both quantities of general interest needed from most of the CMIP6-endorsed model intercomparison projects (MIPs) and quantities that are more specialized and only of interest to a single endorsed MIP. The complexity of the data request has increased from the early days of model intercomparisons, as has the data volume. In contrast with CMIP5, CMIP6 requires distinct sets of highly tailored variables to be saved from eac

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Haywood, A. M., H. J. Dowsett, B. Otto-Bliesner, et al. "Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 1)." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 2, no. 2 (2009): 1215–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-2-1215-2009.

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Abstract. In 2008 the temporal focus of the Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project was expanded to include a model intercomparison for the mid-Pliocene warm period (ca. 2.97 to 3.29 Ma BP). This project is referred to as PlioMIP (Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project). Two experiments have been agreed upon and comprise phase 1 of the PlioMIP. The first (Experiment 1) will be performed with atmosphere-only GCMs. The second (Experiment 2) will utilise fully coupled ocean-atmosphere GCMs. This paper describes the experimental design and boundary conditions that will be utilised for Expe

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MacDougall, Andrew Hugh. "Limitations of the 1 % experiment as the benchmark idealized experiment for carbon cycle intercomparison in C<sup>4</sup>MIP." Geoscientific Model Development 12, no. 2 (2019): 597–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-597-2019.

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Abstract. Idealized climate change simulations are used as benchmark experiments to facilitate the comparison of ensembles of climate models. In the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the 1 % per yearly compounded change in atmospheric CO2 concentration experiment was used to compare Earth system models with full representations of the global carbon cycle in the Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (C4MIP). However, this “1 % experiment” was never intended for such a purpose and implies a rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration at double the r

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Haywood, A. M., H. J. Dowsett, M. M. Robinson, et al. "Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 2)." Geoscientific Model Development 4, no. 3 (2011): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-571-2011.

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Abstract. The Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project has expanded to include a model intercomparison for the mid-Pliocene warm period (3.29 to 2.97 million yr ago). This project is referred to as PlioMIP (the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project). Two experiments have been agreed upon and together compose the initial phase of PlioMIP. The first (Experiment 1) is being performed with atmosphere-only climate models. The second (Experiment 2) utilises fully coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models. Following on from the publication of the experimental design and boundary conditions for

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Haywood, A. M., H. J. Dowsett, M. M. Robinson, et al. "Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 2)." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 4, no. 1 (2011): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-4-445-2011.

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Abstract. The Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project has expanded to include a model intercomparison for the mid-Pliocene warm period (~3.3 to 3.0 million yr ago). This project is referred to as PlioMIP (Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project). Two experiments have been agreed and together compose phase 1 of PlioMIP. The first (Experiment 1) is being performed with atmosphere-only climate models. The second (Experiment 2) is utilising fully coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models. Following on from the publication of the experimental design and boundary conditions for Experiment 1 in

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Eby, M., A. J. Weaver, K. Alexander, et al. "Historical and idealized climate model experiments: an EMIC intercomparison." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 4 (2012): 4121–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-4121-2012.

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Abstract. Both historical and idealized climate model experiments are performed with a variety of Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs) as part of a community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth's orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse gases, land-use, and sulphate and volcanic aerosols. In spite of very different modelled pre-industrial global surface air temperatures

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Wilcox, Laura J., Robert J. Allen, Bjørn H. Samset, et al. "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 15 (2023): 4451–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4451-2023.

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Abstract. Changes in anthropogenic aerosol emissions have strongly contributed to global and regional trends in temperature, precipitation, and other climate characteristics and have been one of the dominant drivers of decadal trends in Asian and African precipitation. These and other influences on regional climate from changes in aerosol emissions are expected to continue and potentially strengthen in the coming decades. However, a combination of large uncertainties in emission pathways, radiative forcing, and the dynamical response to forcing makes anthropogenic aerosol a key factor in the s

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16

Song, Yajuan, Xinfang Li, Ying Bao, et al. "FIO-ESM v2.0 Outputs for the CMIP6 Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project Experiments." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 37, no. 10 (2020): 1045–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9288-2.

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Abstract Three tiers of experiments in the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project (GMMIP), one of the endorsed model intercomparison projects of phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), are implemented by the First Institute of Oceanography Earth System Model version 2 (FIO-ESM v2.0), following the GMMIP protocols. Evaluation of global mean surface air temperature from 1870 to 2014 and climatological precipitation (1979–2014) in tier-1 shows that the atmosphere model of FIO-ESM v2.0 can reproduce the basic observed atmospheric features. In tier-2, the internal varia

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Sueyoshi, T., R. Ohgaito, A. Yamamoto, et al. "Setup of the PMIP3 paleoclimate experiments conducted using an Earth System Model, MIROC-ESM." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 5, no. 3 (2012): 2527–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-5-2527-2012.

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Abstract. The importance of climate model evaluation using paleoclimate simulations for better future climate projections has been recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In recent years, Earth System Models (ESMs) were developed to investigate carbon-cycle climate feedback, as well as to project the future climate. Paleoclimate events, especially those associated with the variations in atmospheric CO2 level or land vegetation, provide suitable benchmarks to evaluate ESMs. Here we present implementations of the paleoclimate experiments proposed by the Coupled Model Interco

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Penner, J. E., J. Quaas, T. Storelvmo, et al. "Model intercomparison of indirect aerosol effects." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, no. 1 (2006): 1579–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-1579-2006.

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Abstract. Modeled differences in predicted effects are increasingly used to help quantify the uncertainty of these effects. Here, we examine modeled differences in the aerosol indirect effect in a series of experiments that help to quantify how and why model-predicted aerosol indirect forcing varies between models. The experiments start with an experiment in which aerosol concentrations, the parameterization of droplet concentrations and the autoconversion scheme are all specified and end with an experiment that examines the predicted aerosol indirect forcing when only aerosol sources are spec

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19

Haywood, A. M., H. J. Dowsett, A. M. Dolan, et al. "Pliocene Model Intercomparison (PlioMIP) Phase 2: scientific objectives and experimental design." Climate of the Past Discussions 11, no. 4 (2015): 4003–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-4003-2015.

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Abstract. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) is a co-ordinated international climate modelling initiative to study and understand climate and environments of the Late Pliocene, and their potential relevance in the context of future climate change. PlioMIP operates under the umbrella of the Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP), which examines multiple intervals in Earth history, the consistency of model predictions in simulating these intervals and their ability to reproduce climate signals preserved in geological climate archives. This paper provides a thoro

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20

Lin, Pengfei, Zhipeng Yu, Hailong Liu, et al. "LICOM Model Datasets for the CMIP6 Ocean Model Intercomparison Project." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 37, no. 3 (2020): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-9208-5.

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Abstract The datasets of two Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP) simulation experiments from the LASG/IAP Climate Ocean Model, version 3 (LICOM3), forced by two different sets of atmospheric surface data, are described in this paper. The experiment forced by CORE-II (Co-ordinated Ocean–Ice Reference Experiments, Phase II) data (1948–2009) is called OMIP1, and that forced by JRA55-do (surface dataset for driving ocean–sea-ice models based on Japanese 55-year atmospheric reanalysis) data (1958–2018) is called OMIP2. First, the improvement of LICOM from CMIP5 to CMIP6 and the configuration

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21

Payne, A. J., and D. J. Baldwin. "Analysis of ice-flow instabilities identified in the EISMINT intercomparison exercise." Annals of Glaciology 30 (2000): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756400781820534.

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AbstractA series of ice-sheet-model intercomparison exercises have been organized as part of EISMINT. One such set of experiments investigated the implications of thermomechanical coupling on the flow of ice sheets with idealized geometry The results of these experiments are discussed by Payne and others (in press). They indicate that local concentrations of ice flow may develop as a consequence of interactions between ice flow, temperature and viscosity The nature of the intercomparison exercise meant that only a limited number of experiments could be performed by the ten contributing groups.

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Duplissy, J., M. Gysel, S. Sjogren, et al. "Intercomparison study of six HTDMAs: results and recommendations." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 2, no. 2 (2009): 363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-2-363-2009.

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Abstract. We report on an intercomparison of six different hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analysers HTDMAs). These HTDMAs are used worldwide in laboratory experiments and field campaigns to measure the water uptake of aerosol particles and have never been intercompared. After an investigation of the different design of the instruments with their advantages and inconveniencies, the methods for calibration, validation and data analysis are presented. Measurements of nebulised ammonium sulphate as well as of secondary organic aerosol generated from a smog chamber were performed. Agre

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Calov, Reinhard, Ralf Greve, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, et al. "Results from the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison Project–Heinrich Event Intercomparison (ISMIP HEINO)." Journal of Glaciology 56, no. 197 (2010): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214310792447789.

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AbstractResults from the Heinrich Event Intercomparison (HEINO) topic of the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison Project (ISMIP) are presented. ISMIP HEINO was designed to explore internal large-scale ice-sheet instabilities in different contemporary ice-sheet models. These instabilities are of interest because they are a possible cause of Heinrich events. A simplified geometry experiment reproduces the main characteristics of the Laurentide ice sheet, including the sedimented region over Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait. The model experiments include a standard run plus seven variations. Nine dynamic

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Penner, J. E., J. Quaas, T. Storelvmo, et al. "Model intercomparison of indirect aerosol effects." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 11 (2006): 3391–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3391-2006.

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Abstract. Modeled differences in predicted effects are increasingly used to help quantify the uncertainty of these effects. Here, we examine modeled differences in the aerosol indirect effect in a series of experiments that help to quantify how and why model-predicted aerosol indirect forcing varies between models. The experiments start with an experiment in which aerosol concentrations, the parameterization of droplet concentrations and the autoconversion scheme are all specified and end with an experiment that examines the predicted aerosol indirect forcing when only aerosol sources are spec

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Haarsma, Reindert J., Malcolm J. Roberts, Pier Luigi Vidale, et al. "High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP v1.0) for CMIP6." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 11 (2016): 4185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-4185-2016.

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Abstract. Robust projections and predictions of climate variability and change, particularly at regional scales, rely on the driving processes being represented with fidelity in model simulations. The role of enhanced horizontal resolution in improved process representation in all components of the climate system is of growing interest, particularly as some recent simulations suggest both the possibility of significant changes in large-scale aspects of circulation as well as improvements in small-scale processes and extremes. However, such high-resolution global simulations at climate timescal

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Takasuka, Daisuke, Masaki Satoh, Tomoki Miyakawa, et al. "A protocol and analysis of year‑long simulations of global storm‑resolving models and beyond." Progress in Earth and Planetary Science 11 (December 19, 2024): 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-024-00668-1.

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Abstract We propose a protocol to evaluate and analyze year-long simulations of global storm-resolving models (GSRMs). The proposed protocol complements an earlier 40-day simulation protocol under the DYAMOND (DYnamics of the Atmospheric general circulation Modeled On Non-hydrostatic Domains) project to allow the analysis of the seasonal cycle and associated climatic relevant phenomena. This intercomparison aims to reveal how GSRMs, which can simulate mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in the global domain, reproduce atmospheric large-scale structures related to convection beyond month-long s

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Wang, Yaqi, Zipeng Yu, Pengfei Lin, et al. "FGOALS-g3 Model Datasets for CMIP6 Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 37, no. 10 (2020): 1093–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-2045-8.

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Abstract The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) is an endorsed Model Intercomparison Project in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The goal of FAFMIP is to investigate the spread in the atmosphere-ocean general circulation model projections of ocean climate change forced by increased CO2, including the uncertainties in the simulations of ocean heat uptake, global mean sea level rise due to ocean thermal expansion and dynamic sea level change due to ocean circulation and density changes. The FAFMIP experiments have already been conducted with t

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Jia, Binghao, Longhuan Wang, Yan Wang, et al. "CAS-LSM Datasets for the CMIP6 Land Surface Snow and Soil Moisture Model Intercomparison Project." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 38, no. 5 (2021): 862–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-0293-x.

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AbstractThe datasets of the five Land-offline Model Intercomparison Project (LMIP) experiments using the Chinese Academy of Sciences Land Surface Model (CAS-LSM) of CAS Flexible Global-Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model Grid-point version 3 (CAS FGOALS-g3) are presented in this study. These experiments were forced by five global meteorological forcing datasets, which contributed to the framework of the Land Surface Snow and Soil Moisture Model Intercomparison Project (LS3MIP) of CMIP6. These datasets have been released on the Earth System Grid Federation node. In this paper, the basic descript

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Gagliardini, O., J. Brondex, F. Gillet-Chaulet, L. Tavard, V. Peyaud, and G. Durand. "Brief communication: Impact of mesh resolution for MISMIP and MISMIP3d experiments using Elmer/Ice." Cryosphere 10, no. 1 (2016): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-307-2016.

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Abstract. The dynamical contribution of marine ice sheets to sea level rise is largely controlled by grounding line (GL) dynamics. Two marine ice sheet model intercomparison exercises, namely MISMIP and MISMIP3d, have been proposed to the community to test and compare the ability of models to capture the GL dynamics. Both exercises are known to present a discontinuity of the friction at the GL, which is believed to increase the model sensitivity to mesh resolution. Here, using Elmer/Ice, the only Stokes model which completed both intercomparisons, the sensitivity to the mesh resolution is stud

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Smith, Michael, Victor Koren, Ziya Zhang, et al. "The distributed model intercomparison project – Phase 2: Experiment design and summary results of the western basin experiments." Journal of Hydrology 507 (December 2013): 300–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.08.040.

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Sueyoshi, T., R. Ohgaito, A. Yamamoto, et al. "Set-up of the PMIP3 paleoclimate experiments conducted using an Earth system model, MIROC-ESM." Geoscientific Model Development 6, no. 3 (2013): 819–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-819-2013.

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Abstract. Paleoclimate experiments using contemporary climate models are an effective measure to evaluate climate models. In recent years, Earth system models (ESMs) were developed to investigate carbon cycle climate feedbacks, as well as to project the future climate. Paleoclimate events can be suitable benchmarks to evaluate ESMs. The variation in aerosols associated with the volcanic eruptions provide a clear signal in forcing, which can be a good test to check the response of a climate model to the radiation changes. The variations in atmospheric CO2 level or changes in ice sheet extent ca

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Richter, Ingo, Ping Chang, Ping-Gin Chiu, et al. "The Tropical Basin Interaction Model Intercomparison Project (TBIMIP)." Geoscientific Model Development 18, no. 9 (2025): 2587–608. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2587-2025.

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Abstract. Large-scale interaction between the three tropical ocean basins is an area of intense research that is often conducted through experimentation with numerical models. A common problem is that modeling groups use different experimental setups, which makes it difficult to compare results and delineate the role of model biases from differences in experimental setups. To address this issue, an experimental protocol for examining interaction between the tropical basins is introduced. The Tropical Basin Interaction Model Intercomparison Project (TBIMIP) consists of experiments in which sea

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He, Bian, Yimin Liu, Guoxiong Wu, et al. "CAS FGOALS-f3-L Model Datasets for CMIP6 GMMIP Tier-1 and Tier-3 Experiments." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 37, no. 1 (2019): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-9085-y.

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AbstractThe Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System (FGOALS-f3-L) model datasets prepared for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project (GMMIP) Tier-1 and Tier-3 experiments are introduced in this paper, and the model descriptions, experimental design and model outputs are demonstrated. There are three simulations in Tier-1, with different initial states, and five simulations in Tier-3, with different topographies or surface thermal status. Specifically, Tier-3 contains four orograph

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Seroussi, Hélène, Sophie Nowicki, Erika Simon, et al. "initMIP-Antarctica: an ice sheet model initialization experiment of ISMIP6." Cryosphere 13, no. 5 (2019): 1441–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1441-2019.

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Abstract. Ice sheet numerical modeling is an important tool to estimate the dynamic contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet to sea level rise over the coming centuries. The influence of initial conditions on ice sheet model simulations, however, is still unclear. To better understand this influence, an initial state intercomparison exercise (initMIP) has been developed to compare, evaluate, and improve initialization procedures and estimate their impact on century-scale simulations. initMIP is the first set of experiments of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6), which

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Jackson, Laura C., Eduardo Alastrué de Asenjo, Katinka Bellomo, et al. "Understanding AMOC stability: the North Atlantic Hosing Model Intercomparison Project." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 7 (2023): 1975–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1975-2023.

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Abstract. The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is an important part of our climate system. The AMOC is predicted to weaken under climate change; however, theories suggest that it may have a tipping point beyond which recovery is difficult, hence showing quasi-irreversibility (hysteresis). Although hysteresis has been seen in simple models, it has been difficult to demonstrate in comprehensive global climate models. Here, we outline a set of experiments designed to explore AMOC hysteresis and sensitivity to additional freshwater input as part of the North Atlantic Hosing Model

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Kageyama, Masa, Samuel Albani, Pascale Braconnot, et al. "The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 4: Scientific objectives and experimental design of the PMIP4-CMIP6 Last Glacial Maximum experiments and PMIP4 sensitivity experiments." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 11 (2017): 4035–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4035-2017.

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Abstract. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 000 years ago) is one of the suite of paleoclimate simulations included in the current phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). It is an interval when insolation was similar to the present, but global ice volume was at a maximum, eustatic sea level was at or close to a minimum, greenhouse gas concentrations were lower, atmospheric aerosol loadings were higher than today, and vegetation and land-surface characteristics were different from today. The LGM has been a focus for the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) s

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Sachau, Till, Haibin Yang, Justin Lang, Paul D. Bons, and Louis Moresi. "ISMIP-HOM benchmark experiments using Underworld." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 23 (2022): 8749–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8749-2022.

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Abstract. Numerical models have become an indispensable tool for understanding and predicting the flow of ice sheets and glaciers. Here we present the full-Stokes software package Underworld to the glaciological community. The code is already well established in simulating complex geodynamic systems. Advantages for glaciology are that it provides a full-Stokes solution for elastic–viscous–plastic materials and includes mechanical anisotropy. Underworld uses a material point method to track the full history information of Lagrangian material points, of stratigraphic layers and of free surfaces.

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Pascoe, Charlotte, Bryan N. Lawrence, Eric Guilyardi, Martin Juckes, and Karl E. Taylor. "Documenting numerical experiments in support of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6)." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 5 (2020): 2149–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2149-2020.

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Abstract. Numerical simulation, and in particular simulation of the earth system, relies on contributions from diverse communities, from those who develop models to those involved in devising, executing, and analysing numerical experiments. Often these people work in different institutions and may be working with significant separation in time (particularly analysts, who may be working on data produced years earlier), and they typically communicate via published information (whether journal papers, technical notes, or websites). The complexity of the models, experiments, and methodologies, alo

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Kravitz, B., A. Robock, S. Tilmes, et al. "The Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (GeoMIP6): simulation design and preliminary results." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 10 (2015): 3379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3379-2015.

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Abstract. We present a suite of new climate model experiment designs for the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). This set of experiments, named GeoMIP6 (to be consistent with the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6), builds on the previous GeoMIP project simulations, and has been expanded to address several further important topics, including key uncertainties in extreme events, the use of geoengineering as part of a portfolio of responses to climate change, and the relatively new idea of cirrus cloud thinning to allow more longwave radiation to escape to space. We

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Kravitz, B., A. Robock, S. Tilmes, et al. "The Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (GeoMIP6): simulation design and preliminary results." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8, no. 6 (2015): 4697–736. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-8-4697-2015.

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Abstract. We present a suite of new climate model experiment designs for the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). This set of experiments, named GeoMIP6 (to be consistent with the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6), builds on the previous GeoMIP simulations, and has been expanded to address several further important topics, including key uncertainties in extreme events, the use of geoengineering as part of a portfolio of responses to climate change, and the relatively new idea of cirrus cloud thinning to allow more longwave radiation to escape to space. We discuss

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Feldman, D. R., and W. D. Collins. "Pan-spectral observing system simulation experiments of shortwave reflectance and longwave radiance for climate model evaluation." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 7, no. 3 (2014): 3647–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-3647-2014.

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Abstract. Top-of-atmosphere spectrally-resolved shortwave reflectances and longwave radiances describe the evolution of the Earth's surface and atmosphere response to feedbacks in and human-induced forcings on the climate system. In order to evaluate proposed long-duration spectral measurements, we have projected 21st century changes described by the Community Climate System Model (CCSM3.0) conducted for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) A2 Emissions Scenario onto shortwave reflectance spectra from 0.3 to 2.5 μm and longwave radiance spectra from 5 to 50 μm at 8 nm and 1 cm−

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Youssef, M. Z., C. Gung, M. Nakagawa, T. Mori, K. Kosako, and T. Nakamura. "Analyses and Intercomparison for Phase I Fusion Integral Experiments at the FNS Facility." Fusion Technology 10, no. 3P2A (1986): 549–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/fst86-a24803.

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Janik, M., T. Ishikawa, Y. Omori, and N. Kavasi. "Invited Article: Radon and thoron intercomparison experiments for integrated monitors at NIRS, Japan." Review of Scientific Instruments 85, no. 2 (2014): 022001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4865159.

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Auer, M., A. Axelsson, X. Blanchard, et al. "Intercomparison experiments of systems for the measurement of xenon radionuclides in the atmosphere." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 60, no. 6 (2004): 863–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.01.011.

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Webb, Mark J., Timothy Andrews, Alejandro Bodas-Salcedo, et al. "The Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) contribution to CMIP6." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 1 (2017): 359–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-359-2017.

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Abstract. The primary objective of CFMIP is to inform future assessments of cloud feedbacks through improved understanding of cloud–climate feedback mechanisms and better evaluation of cloud processes and cloud feedbacks in climate models. However, the CFMIP approach is also increasingly being used to understand other aspects of climate change, and so a second objective has now been introduced, to improve understanding of circulation, regional-scale precipitation, and non-linear changes. CFMIP is supporting ongoing model inter-comparison activities by coordinating a hierarchy of targeted exper

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DE FLEURIAN, BASILE, MAURO A. WERDER, SEBASTIAN BEYER, et al. "SHMIP The subglacial hydrology model intercomparison Project." Journal of Glaciology 64, no. 248 (2018): 897–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2018.78.

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ABSTRACTSubglacial hydrology plays a key role in many glaciological processes, including ice dynamics via the modulation of basal sliding. Owing to the lack of an overarching theory, however, a variety of model approximations exist to represent the subglacial drainage system. The Subglacial Hydrology Model Intercomparison Project (SHMIP) provides a set of synthetic experiments to compare existing and future models. We present the results from 13 participating models with a focus on effective pressure and discharge. For many applications (e.g. steady states and annual variations, low input scen

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Asay-Davis, X. S., S. L. Cornford, G. Durand, et al. "Experimental design for three interrelated Marine Ice-Sheet and Ocean Model Intercomparison Projects." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8, no. 11 (2015): 9859–924. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-8-9859-2015.

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Abstract. Coupled ice sheet-ocean models capable of simulating moving grounding lines are just becoming available. Such models have a broad range of potential applications in studying the dynamics of marine ice sheets and tidewater glaciers, from process studies to future projections of ice mass loss and sea level rise. The Marine Ice Sheet-Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (MISOMIP) is a community effort aimed at designing and coordinating a series of model intercomparison projects (MIPs) for model evaluation in idealized setups, model verification based on observations, and future projecti

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Barrett, Paul A., Steven J. Abel, Hugh Coe, et al. "Intercomparison of airborne and surface-based measurements during the CLARIFY, ORACLES and LASIC field experiments." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 15, no. 21 (2022): 6329–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6329-2022.

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Abstract. Data are presented from intercomparisons between two research aircraft, the FAAM BAe-146 and the NASA Lockheed P3, and between the BAe-146 and the surface-based DOE (Department of Energy) ARM (Atmospheric Radiation Measurement) Mobile Facility at Ascension Island (8∘ S, 14.5∘ W; a remote island in the mid-Atlantic). These took place from 17 August to 5 September 2017, during the African biomass burning (BB) season. The primary motivation was to give confidence in the use of data from multiple platforms with which to evaluate numerical climate models. The three platforms were involved

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Bragg, F. J., D. J. Lunt, and A. M. Haywood. "Mid-Pliocene climate modelled using the UK Hadley Centre Model: PlioMIP Experiments 1 and 2." Geoscientific Model Development 5, no. 5 (2012): 1109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-1109-2012.

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Abstract. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) is a sub-project of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) whose objective is to compare predictions of the mid-Pliocene climate from the widest possible range of general circulation models. The mid-Pliocene (3.3–3.0 Ma) is the most recent sustained period of greater warmth and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration than the pre-industrial times and as such has potential to inform predictions of our warming climate in the coming century. This paper describes the UK contribution to PlioMIP using the Hadley Centr

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Bragg, F. J., D. J. Lunt, and A. M. Haywood. "Mid-Pliocene climate modelled using the UK Hadley Centre Model: PlioMIP Experiments 1 and 2." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 5, no. 2 (2012): 837–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-5-837-2012.

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Abstract. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) project is a sub-project of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) whose objective is to compare predictions of the mid-Pliocene climate from the widest possible range of general circulation models. The mid-Pliocene (3.3–3.0 Ma) is the most recent sustained period of greater warmth and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration than the pre-industrial times and as such has potential to inform predictions of our warming climate in the coming century. This paper describes the UK contribution to PlioMIP using the Hadl

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