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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Intercultural speaker'
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Strömbäck, Linn, and Lovisa Oldaeus. "A Native Speaker Norm Approach vs. an Intercultural Approach in the English K-3 classroom in Sweden." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33488.
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In a world that is becoming more cosmopolitan, pedagogical approaches, particularly those that focus on diversity of cultures, have become paramount. As a result, this study attempts to gain insight into what pedagogical approaches K-3 teachers in Sweden use during their English lessons, and whether these approaches are more native speaker or interculturally focused and why that is. Initially, this degree project presents an overview of previous research made on the Native Speaker norm approach and the Intercultural approach. The findings show that the Native Speaker norm approach is more commonly used than the Intercultural approach. However, as English is a language used worldwide, the teaching of it should include content relatable to non-native speakers as well. Nevertheless, the Intercultural approach is relatively new and teachers still need the training and the tools to implement it. This paper builds on the content from interviews of three K-3 teachers and one assisting principal in different parts of Sweden. The main conclusions of this study are that (I) the teachers predominantly use a Native Speaker norm approach due to tradition; (II) the teachers lack training and knowledge of how to implement an Intercultural approach and, consequently, they do not know how to use it; (III) the teaching materials provided by the schools have an impact on what approach the teachers use; (IV) the teachers’ English teaching leaves their pupils struggling in coming to terms with their own identity in a global context, as well as appreciating norms and English varieties other than that of Standard English.
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Kerr, Nicholas Brabazon. "Saved or not? speaker meaning attributed to salvation and Ukusindiswa in a church context." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2742.
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Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.Members of churches commonly use the English terms salvation/saved and their isiZulu equivalents insindiso/ukusindiswa. Implied meanings seem to have become attached to these terms, especially in isiZulu, which could cause miscommunication due to the attitudes of superiority of the so-called “saved ones” (abasindisiwe) and consequent antagonism amongst certain ecclesiastical groupings. The question addressed by this study was whether or not the meaning of the term to be saved and its isiZulu translation ukusindiswa, as understood by a selection of isiZulu-speaking Christians, is unambiguous. A further question was whether – should it be the case that these terms are found to be ambiguous – to be saved and its isiZulu translation ukusindiswa could be rehabilitated. Nine people from various denominational backgrounds, both lay and ordained, were interviewed in order to discover how they understood the terms in question. The interviewees were asked ten question, including questions on the influence of cultural practices on the meaning of the terms. These cultural practices were in connection with ancestors, as experienced in Zulu culture, and the influence of their understanding of the terms on the permissibility of ancestral practices. The answers given by the interviewees revealed certain trends. One of them was that, for some isiZulu speakers, the meaning of the terms included the aspect of laying aside of all contact with the ancestors. Those who understood the terms in this manner were seen by the interviewees as having an attitude of superiority and as condemning members of more traditional churches for their adherence to Zulu culture. A sociolinguistic analysis of the terms salvation/insindiso and to be saved/ukusindiswa is presented based on the interviewees’ responses. A conclusion is that the terms are often used in a biased and/or “loaded” way, which is a principal cause of miscommunication and misunderstanding. Ways of reducing this misunderstanding are proposed, including the “rehabilitation” of the terms linguistically and theologically. Greater sensitivity to different ecclesiastical cultures should be shown, involving the use of inclusive language and the exercising of the skills of intercultural communicative competence. This study reveals that the church needs to work at the issues surrounding the terms in question, the use of which can cause a breakdown in intercultural communication.
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Rodríguez, Prieto Joseba. "“…La cultura se encuentra en una constante de flujo e intercambio de ideas…”. Conciencia intercultural en aprendientes hindús y profesores nativos de español residentes en la India." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för spanska, portugisiska och latinamerikastudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-80666.
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This study aims to investigate the representations that Indian students have of Hispanic cultures and, on the other hand, to assess the degree to which native Spanish teachers give importance to the intercultural competence in teaching an L2. This research has been carried out by means of questionnaires and interviews with teachers and students of Spanish as a foreign language (SFL). The data, gathered through the questionnaires and interviews, show a clash between the Indian students´ self-stereotypes and their other-stereotypes regarding the Hispanics. The results also show a contradiction between the will and determination of the SFL teachers to incorporate "intercultural" elements in their teaching practice and the feeble extent to which they manage to do so.
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Steele, Judith A. "Researching the lived experience an expatriate English speaker in Japan : an Australian in outback Western Australia : Gaijin and Balanda /." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/43335.
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Thesis (M.Sc. (Hons.))-University of Western Sydney, 2007.A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, School of Education, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Honours). Includes bibliographical references.
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Wang, Ying. "Chinese speakers' perceptions of their English in intercultural communication." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/367398/.
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In the field of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) research, an overarching question is why native English should be exclusively followed by all users around the world regardless of their purposes of communication and identity projection. This provides the starting point of my investigation into Chinese speakers’ perceptions of their English in intercultural communication, which is traditionally considered as ‘learner English’ due to its difference from native English. Influenced by the ELF perspective, I consider Chinese speakers’ English as both fluid and subject to Chinese speakers’ appropriation according to their purposes in engaging intercultural communication, and label it as Chinese speakers’ English as a Lingua Franca (CHELF). Four dimensions of CHELF are considered in this research: linguistic creativity, community, identity and attitude, while the empirical data focuses on CHELF users’ perceptions in order to offer an insight into their attitudes, identities, beliefs, and contextual factors related to their perceptions. The research findings illuminate contrast, complementation, uncertainty and conservation in the participants’ attitudes towards, and identities in, their use of English, and reveal an interplay between a traditional EFL perspective and the ELF perspective that underlined their attitudes and identities. The data highlights contextual factors as playing a key role in influencing, shaping and developing the participants’ perceptions of ELF. Importantly, a good understanding of the concept of ELF makes a difference in the participants’ confidence in their ELF use. The findings thus suggest the possibility of CHELF developing legitimacy, as well as the challenges involved in such a development. This study thus provides a fresh insight into Chinese speakers’ English and contributes to ELF research at large. In particular, the establishment of contextual factors to CHELF users adds to the growing evidence of the necessity of including ELF in pedagogy.
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Cheng, Winnie, and 鄭梁慧蓮. "Intercultural communication between native and non-native speakers of English." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29711629.
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Cheng, Leung Wai-lin Winnie. "Intercultural communication between native and non-native speakers of English /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24873287.
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Hsieh, Shin-Chieh. "(Im)politeness in email communication : how English speakers and Chinese speakers negotiate meanings and develop intercultural (mis)understandings." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/337/.
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This thesis looks at the way in which Chinese and English speakers employ (im)politeness strategies in their emails to develop intercultural understanding. From a theoretical perspective, this thesis contributes to the discussions of intercultural communication in relation to the negotiation of (im)politeness meaning. From a pedagogic perspective, the thesis reveals the potential for using email to experience culture as a process of meaning negotiation and construction and has relevance to teachers of EFL. Ethnographically-informed discourse analysis is employed to investigate discursively the negotiation of meaning in email interaction. The interplay between the computer-mediated communication, speech acts and (im)politeness are explored by using the analytical frameworks of Hymes’ ethnography of communication, Searle’s speech act theory (1969) and Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory (1987). This research shows that ‘(im)politeness’ is not a stable construct. Rather, it is constantly (re)negotiated by the interactants, who take into account the relevant contextualisation cues. It finds that the functions and (im)politeness meanings of speech acts can vary from situations to situations. In addition, this research finds that the computer-mediated paralanguages, such as emoticons and written out laughter, are also important in realising (im)politeness intent and developing intercultural understanding in emails.
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Oliver, Cree 1972. "Lehrwerk facilitation of intercultural communicative competence." Monash University, School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5796.
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Yildiz, Selin. "Incorporating intercultural communication instruction in programs for Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2052.
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Alzimami, Hessah Khaled. "EVALUATING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE USING MEDIATED SELF-REFLECTION IN TEACHING ENGLISH TO SPEAKERS OF OTHER LANGUAGES." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/422.
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In a globalized world, teaching English as a second language (ESL) or English as a foreign language (EFL) requires mastery of intercultural communicative competence (ICC). Deploying ICC has many benefits, especially with teaching and learning English, because it is a preeminent necessity for intercultural communication today. In ESL and EFL contexts at college and university levels, learners and instructors interface with other learners and instructors who have various languages and cultures, so there is a need for implementing ICC, because it encourages instructors and learners to communicate effectively with others using both their native and target languages, as well as their native and target cultures. Hence, there is a need for ICC, mediational tools, such as translanguaging pedagogy, as well as use of a peer-coaching process. Also, there is a need to evaluate ICC use through various kinds of assessment, such as self-assessment (which includes self-reflection), identity assessment, formative assessment, and summative assessment.
In order to find the validity of various aspects of ICC, the mediational tools, the peer-coaching process, various kinds of assessment, and self-reflection, the researcher used a mixed-method study that contained quantitative and qualitative data. The study was conducted over the summer of 2016, and the participants were graduate students in the Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) program at California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB). This thesis validates aspects of ICC, mediational tools, and assessments, as well as the importance of self-reflection in evaluating and improving individuals’ ICC.
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Binasfour, Hajar Salman. "APOLOGY STRATEGIES: A COMPARISON OF SAUDI ENGLISH LEARNERS AND NATIVE SPEAKERS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1360.
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This study compares the speech acts of apology of Saudi learners of English with those of American English native speakers to investigate the intercultural communication competence of second language learners. The investigation is based on 120 apology responses from Saudi learners of English and native speakers of American English. The responses were collected through a discourse completion task. The participants from both groups utilized the same five strategies mentioned by Cohen and Olshtain (1981): apology expressions, explanations, promises of forbearance, acknowledgments of responsibility, and offers of repair. Results showed no difference in the types of apology strategies adopted, but the frequency of using these strategies varied. The frequency of use of the strategies significantly varied only for the offers of repair and promises of forbearance. The results also indicated that the two most universal strategies used were apology expressions and explanations. Furthermore, the most common strategies that were often combined together were expressions and explanations. This study supports Taguchi's (2011) statement on the possible effect of learners' English proficiency on their speech act productions. Moreover, social power has a noticeable impact on students' production of the five apology strategies. Results indicated that the higher the social power of the offended, the more apology strategies he/she seemed to have received. Results from the current study and studies like this are informative to not only the speech act literature but also the study of intercultural communication, the globalization of American universities, and the development of Saudi cultural missions.
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Muntean, Brooke. "Academic and Social Experiences of Spanish Native Speakers in an Immersion Program." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1333.
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The purpose of this research is to explore the academic and social experiences of English learners (ELs) in a Spanish immersion program. The researcher is specifically interested in learning about both the English and Spanish language acquisition of these ELs, as well as their social interactions as this pertains to their academic development. The participants were a sample of 12 Spanish native speakers who were working towards acquiring both social and academic English. Additionally, the researcher interviewed five other students who were in the Spanish immersion program, but who were not included in the ESOL class. These 17 students represented a wide range of English language proficiencies, ranging from emergent to advanced, and were in the ninth grade during the period of data collection. The researcher also interviewed five of these students' teachers, so as to gain a better understanding of the experiences of these heritage speakers. Data were collected over the course of the 2009-2010 school year through observations, interviews, sociograms, and ongoing assessments. These assessments were collected from several sources, including an English language assessment that was administered by the ESOL coordinator, an ongoing school-wide assessment of lexile scores, and an English and Spanish informal reading inventory. The findings of this study were divided into two meta themes of the academic and social experiences of the student participants. In investigating these students' academic experiences, the researcher found that the 22 participants placed a considerable emphasis on language development, particularly in the maintenance of the Spanish native speakers' heritage language. A sizeable need existed, however, for instruction that was better differentiated to the wide range xv of proficiencies that these students demonstrated in both English and Spanish. Through the analysis of the participants' social experiences, the researcher also discovered that a strong sense of community existed amongst the participants in the ESOL and immersion programs. This interconnectedness, however, led to an insular behavior amongst the Spanish native speakers, which further exacerbated the racial tension that existed at Greenwood High. Greenwood as a whole would greatly benefit from the fostering of intercultural sensitivity amongst this multicultural and multilingual student body.
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Tarantino, Marjorie W. "Discovering Korean learners' perceptions of intercultural encounters with their classmates." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/676.
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This thesis aimed to study and analyze the intercultural and intracultural encounters of students enrolled in an ESL writing class at a large community college in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Two basic questions guided the study: first, how did ESL students from Korea react to each other as well as to students from other countries while studying English in the United States; and second, how did these reactions affect Korean students' perceptions of their ESL classes? The purpose of this study was to investigate the intercultural experiences of Korean learners in an intensive ESL program, and based on its findings, to suggest ways to improve intercultural relations in such classes. The study used reflective journals to ascertain Korean learners' perceptions of their intercultural encounters with classmates. The study findings demonstrated a surprising candor and sophistication on the part of Korean learners to express themselves about these encounters. Based on the research findings, recommendations were made for incorporating intercultural relations sensitivity training into ESL course curricula. This descriptive study contributed to the body of education literature that advocates focusing more attention on students' perceptions of their learning environment.
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Garr, Madeline. "The Interlanguage of Advanced Speakers: Implications & Suggestions." TopSCHOLAR®, 1991. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2392.
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This thesis details a study of the interlanguage of advanced speakers of English as a Second Language. The purpose of the study was to see what errors these students made when speaking the language in a communicative environment. In approaching the issue of interlanguage, the writer surveys the research in language acquisition as well as in interlanguage, error analysis and language learning theories. Based on this research and the results of this study, the writer explores the implications of both the research and the study and offers suggestions to teachers of advanced conversation classes.
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Chen, Yea Wen. "The twain have met: Self-disclosure in the formation and development of intercultural friendships in the case of Taiwanese versus native English speakers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5384/.
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Grounded in a social penetration perspective, this exploratory study aspires to examine the impact of self-disclosure on intercultural friendship development between Taiwanese and native English speakers by a section of the following populations: (a) Taiwanese sojourning in the US, (b) native English speakers sojourning in Taiwan, and (c) Taiwanese in Taiwan. This research employed a triangulation of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to answer the proposed research questions and hypothesis regarding four dimensions and six topics of self-disclosure. Consistent with the quantitative results, the five themes that emerged from the qualitative analysis indicate both unique challenges in self-disclosing to intercultural friends and a positive association between self-disclosure and cultural adaptation. Additionally, this study highlights the role of self-disclosure in the four identified stages of intercultural friendship development. Finally, findings from this study have implications for the social penetration theory, anxiety/uncertainly management theory, and theory of adaptation in intercultural dyads.
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Alsalem, Nuha Khalid. "Compliment Responses: A Comparison of Saudi English Learners and Native Speakers of American English in an Academic Environment." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1606.
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The present study aimed to find out which compliment response types Saudi learners of English would use in particular situations within an academic context and to identify possible cultural and gender differences in the compliment responses between Saudi learners of English and native speakers of American English. In order to examine the two main variables of the present study, which were cultural and gender differences, the study used a Multiple Choice Discourse Completion Task (MDCT). The instrument included four imaginary written situations related to an academic context. Specifically, the first two scenarios involved a compliment on student achievement by a male and a female professor. In the third and fourth scenarios, the compliment was offered by a male and a female classmate, respectively. The compliment response types were based on Herbert's (1990) taxonomy. The participants included 104 American native speakers and 71 Saudi English speakers, all of them enrolled at a US university. The analysis of the data involved calculating descriptive statistics and multiple chi-square tests to elicit possible differences between native and non-native in each situation. Descriptive statistics were used to provide a detailed description of the results in terms of percentages. In addition, the value of Phi was calculated for each chi-square test in order to provide further evidence about the effect size of the observed differences. Overall, the results for the comparisons of cultural differences revealed that there were more similarities than differences between the American and Saudi participants in their compliment responses in all four situations. Furthermore, the results of the gender comparisons showed that there were more gender differences within the American sample than within the Saudi one. The lack of or very small number of cultural and gender differences was attributed to the fact that the majority of the Saudi participants had spent a substantial amount of time in the US and were all enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs at a US university. Another speculation that emerges based on the results of this study is that the similarities between the Saudi and American students, and the male and female participants, could be attributed to the changing definition of culture in the present day globalized world. Particularly, it appears that cultural differences may be fading away, especially among the younger generations, under the influence of globalization, advanced technology, and the Internet.
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Ogawa, Harumi. "Investigating the effect of incorporating cultural elements in English Language teaching to enhance Japanese college students' L2 vision as intercultural speakers." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8446/.
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This thesis concerns an exploratory practice (EP) project conducted at a two-year college in north east Japan, which was severely affected by the earthquake of March 2011. The focus of research is a 13-week EFL course for 25 first-year college students, specifically designed to enhance their future visions of themselves as L2 users (Dörnyei & Kubanyiova, 2014). This study examined opportunities that the course created for the students’ vision development in the classroom and the factors that may have contributed to these opportunities. The data came from 1) students’ written narratives, 2) semi-structured interviews, 3) teacher/researcher reflections, field notes and audio- and video- recordings of the classes, and 4) course evaluation questionnaires. Findings show that the course was beneficial for enhancing students’ appreciation of their language-relevant futures and the thesis engages with the factors that contributed to these findings by 1) tracing the trajectories of L2 learning and intercultural experiences of selected interview participants, 2) examining group dynamics and pedagogy adopted for the course, and 3) piecing together an understanding of the role that the teacher played in mobilising one focal participant’s future vision. The key contribution of this EP inquiry turned out to be more far-reaching than originally envisaged; however, pointing to the broader role that language education can play in young people’s lives. The thesis concludes by discussing educational and research consequences of this finding.
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Park, In-Ryang. "Encouraging motivation using songs and cooperative learning to improve intercultural understanding." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1754.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the students' motivation using songs and cooperative learning to improve intercultural understanding and to achieve communicative competence. The target level is the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) intermediate level students in South Korea.
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Anderson, Nancy Lynn. "Teaching ESL/EFL: The Role of Cultural and Intercultural Knowledge, Skills, and Competence." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/727.
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In this ever-changing world of 201 0, we are more closely interconnected than ever before. English plays a key role in this world's communication as a global or international language- making intercultural connections and bridging differences in the process. It is critically important and challenging for people to learn skills for interacting in this global society. ESL/EFL teachers, educators, and administrators become key resources for learning and transmitting the knowledge, skills, and strategies for using English in a variety of social, business, or academic interactions. Immigrants, refugees, and international students need to learn more than the linguistic structure of the English language. To communicate effectively and competently, they need to learn cultural and intercultural knowledge, skills, and attitudes for navigating those intercultural situations.
This exploratory study examined the roles of cultural and intercultural knowledge, skills, and competency of ESLIEFL teachers and educators in the teaching of language. An electronic survey was used to explore how ESL/EFL teachers and educators were defining the terms cultural and intercultural, how and to what extent were cultural and intercultural concepts being taught, where educators were receiving their information, and if, and how, were they assessing students' learning.
Results indicated that many teachers and educators were not receiving primary cultural and intercultural information from courses connected to MA TESOL programs, that confusion exists over the definitions of cultural and intercultural, and that in many cases intercultural concepts and competency were not being integrated into class curricula. It appears clear that the designers and teachers in foreign language programs would be well served by adopting a more interdisciplinary approach to foreign language teaching and by collaborating with those who could provide information, clarity, and freshness for the integration of cultural and intercultural competency into current programs.
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Van, Staden Drieka. "Intercultural issues in the translation of parody; or, getting Alice to speak French and Afrikaans in Wonderland." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6590.
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Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The classic Victorian tale by Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865), has been enjoyed by adults and children alike in many countries and in many languages. In this book, Carroll parodies the accepted style of children’s books of the Victorian Age by mocking the moralistic and realistic expectations. All the poems in the book are parodies of once familiar nursery rhymes, which often conveyed a moral lesson. Translating Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is a challenging task, as it poses culturespecific, text-specific and language-specific problems. Although the book has been translated into more than 70 languages, it seems to be more popular in some cultures than in others. At the same time, some cultures seem to be content with “older” translations, while others need “updated” versions. Cultural differences seem to play a role in these preferences. The aim of this study is to examine the French and Afrikaans translations of a parodied poem (as found in chapter 2 of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) from an intercultural perspective. In both cases, the translators seem to have found equivalents in their respective cultures that would be acceptable to their target readers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die klassieke Victoriaanse verhaal deur Lewis Carroll, Alice se Avonture in Wonderland (1865), het plesier verskaf aan volwassenes en kinders in baie lande en in baie tale. In hierdie boek parodieer Carroll die aanvaarbare styl van kinderboeke van die Victoriaanse tydperk deur die spot te dryf met die moralistiese en realistiese verwagtinge. Al die gedigte in die boek is parodieë van eens bekende rympies, wat dikwels ‘n morele les bevat het. Die vertaling van Alice se Avonture in Wonderland is ‘n uitdagende taak, aangesien dit bepaalde kultuur-, teks- en taalverwante probleme inhou. Hoewel die boek in meer as 70 tale vertaal is, blyk dit meer gewild te wees in sekere kulture as in ander. Terselfdertyd is sommige kulture skynbaar tevrede met “ouer” vertalings, terwyl ander meer “hersiene” weergawes verkies. Kultuurverskille speel oënskynlik ‘n rol in hierdie voorkeure. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die Franse en Afrikaanse vertalings van ‘n geparodieerde gedig (soos dit voorkom in hoofstuk 2 van Alice se Avonture in Wonderland) te ondersoek vanuit ‘n interkulturele perspektief. Klaarblyklik het die vertalers in beide gevalle ekwivalente in hulle onderskeie kulture gevind wat aanvaarbaar sou wees vir hulle teikenlesers.
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NOGUEIRA, MARIA CRISTINA MATOS. "WHY NOT LET ME SPEAK IN ANY LANGUAGE I LIKE?: FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION, IDENTITY AND INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35469@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROEsta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar o potencial do ensino de língua estrangeira na promoção de uma educação intercultural. Examina diferentes propostas para uma educação intercultural, considerando tanto o pensamento educacional mais amplo como as propostas originadas da reflexão sobre ensino de língua estrangeira, em particular o trabalho de Kramsch, Byram e Guilherme. Segundo esses autores, a aprendizagem de línguas deveria possibilitar aos alunos o desenvolvimento de uma competência comunicativa intercultural e de uma consciência cultural crítica. A pesquisa de campo adotou uma abordagem qualitativa, escolhendo a entrevista semi-estruturada como sua ferramenta. Foram entrevistados quatorze professores de língua inglesa, atuando nos diferentes contextos educacionais da escola pública e da particular, bem como em cursos de idiomas. Os professores foram selecionados com base em sua formação e experiência no magistério. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas. Posteriormente, foi realizada uma décima quinta entrevista, desta vez através de correio eletrônico, com a coordenadora pedagógica do Centro Interescolar de Línguas de Brasília. Esta entrevista teve o objetivo diferenciado de explorar um caso de sucesso no ensino de idiomas na rede pública. A pesquisa mostrou a preocupação dos professores com o ensino de cultura, com a valorização da língua e cultura materna dos alunos e com a necessidade de desenvolver neles uma reflexão crítica. No entanto, alguns dos aspectos de uma educação intercultural definidos por Guilherme (2003) tais como uma preocupação com uma ação transformativa não foram evidenciados.
This study had the objective of investigating the potential of foreign language teaching in promoting an intercultural education. It examines different proposals for an intercultural education considering both educational thought as well as proposals originating from reflections on foreign language teaching, particularly those put forward by Kramsch, Byram and Guilherme. According to these authors, language learning should make it possible for learners to develop intercultural communicative competence and critical cultural awareness. The empirical research adopted a qualitative approach, selecting the semi-structured interview as its tool. Fourteen interviews were carried out with English language teachers working in the different educational contexts of both state and private schools as well as language institutes. The teachers were selected on the basis of their training and teaching experience. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. At a later stage, a fifteenth interview was carried out through e-mail with the pedagogic coordinator of the Centro Interescolar de Línguas in Brasília. This interview had as its especial objective to explore a successful example of teaching foreign languages in the state school context. The study revealed the teachers concern with the teaching of culture, with valuing the learners mother tongue and culture and with the need to help them develop critical reflection. However, some of the aspects of an intercultural education as defined by Guilherme (2003) such as a concern with transformative action did not become evident.
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Andrade, Pamela. "Proposta de ensino intercultural crítico de PFOL: os atos de fala e a visão performativa da linguagem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-12122014-182910/.
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A língua portuguesa se encontra em processo de expansão (NÓBREGA, 2011); com o acelerado crescimento da procura e oferecimento de cursos de português como língua estrangeira no Brasil e no mundo, é preciso que mais pesquisa seja feita, e que os professores atualizem suas práticas diante das teorias mais recentes. Em nosso cenário atual, onde a comunicação intercultural é uma constante, o tema do ensino intercultural no ensino de português para falantes de outras línguas (PFOL) torna-se fundamental para o desenvolvimento da área. Nosso objetivo com essa pesquisa é mostrar a importância de se atualizar a prática do ensino de PFOL de acordo com as teorias mais recentes sobre educação intercultural crítica e com as ideias da era pós-método no ensino de línguas. Com base na discussão teórica e na descrição de atividades presentes em dois livros didáticos, argumentamos como as teorias sobre linguagem e cultura afetam o ensino de línguas. Utilizamos a teoria dos atos de fala como base de nossa discussão, mostrando como a visão de ato de fala como função social promoveu um tipo de ensino intercultural e argumentando como a visão performativa da linguagem proposta por essa mesma teoria pode promover um ensino intercultural crítico. Entendemos que o aprofundamento teórico é necessário para que se criem condições adequadas para a intervenção na realidade. Por essa razão, ao final da pesquisa, apresentamos algumas sugestões de atividades, elaboradas a partir de nosso próprio contexto e levando em consideração nosso percurso teórico, como formas de possíveis intervenções na realidade. As atividades apresentadas resumem como buscamos usar na prática a construção teórica produzida por esta pesquisa. Esta pesquisa, na verdade, representa nosso próprio percurso teórico e prático como professores e pesquisadores de PFOL. No desenvolvimento, procuramos demonstrar como respondemos à pergunta proposta no início do nosso trabalho: Como a teoria dos atos de fala pode ajudar a promover um ensino intercultural crítico?There is a growth in the demand and offer of Portuguese courses to speakers of other languages in Brazil and in the world, so the Portuguese language is going through an expansion process (NÓBREGA, 2011). Being so, there is the need of more research in the Portuguese teaching area, so that the teachers can update their practice according to the most recent theories. Besides, in a world where the intercultural communication is everywhere, the topic of intercultural education becomes fundamental to the development of the area. In this research, our aim is to show the importance of teaching Portuguese according to the critical intercultural education and to the ideas of the post-method era in the language teaching. Based on the theoretical discussion and on the description of activities present in two textbooks, we discuss how the theories about language and culture affect the language teaching. In this research, the speech acts theory is the basis of the discussion, as we argue that the view of speech act as a social function promoted a kind of intercultural teaching and that the performative view of language proposed by this same theory can promote a critical intercultural education. The theoretical study is necessary in order to create appropriate conditions for intervention in reality. For this reason, we also present some suggestions of activities, created for our own context and taking into account our theoretical route as possible forms of intervention in reality. The activities presented summarize how we seek to use in practice the theoretical construction produced by this research. This research is, in fact, our own theoretical and practical path as teachers and researchers of Portuguese to speakers of other languages
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Koh, Soong-Hee. "The speech act of request: A comparative study between Korean ESL speakers and Americans." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2272.
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This is a comparative study of Korean students' request forms and aspects of their culture that has not been recognized in the field of speech. This offers an explanation for miscommunication between Korean speakers of English and native speakers of English. Lastly, this study provides empirical information about how Korean students use request forms and how Koreans' politeness strategies differ from Americans'.
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Mandla, Veliswa Maureen. "Intercultural communication in three Eastern Cape HIV/AIDS clinics." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1610/.
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Park, Yeonjeong. "Instructional Design Implications for Non-native English Speaking Graduate Students: Perceptions on Intercultural Communicative Competences and Instructional Design Strategies for Socially Engaged Learning." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27662.
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A university is an academic place with students from a variety of cultures. Non-native English speaking (NNS) graduate students are a group representing diverse cultural backgrounds. However, these studentsâ challenges in linguistic and socio-cultural adjustment impact their effective learning and academic success. Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) is an important ability that they need to consider. It assesses attitude, skills, knowledge, adaptability, flexibility, and communication ability with culturally different people.
Researchers in Instructional Design and Technology (IDT) have suggested that instructional designers should understand diverse learnersâ abilities and cultural characteristics and apply them in their Instructional Design (ID) strategies. However, the existing ID models do not specifically include ICC as a consideration in the design process. Furthermore, there has been a lack of research on culturally diverse or minority students.
Considering NNS graduate studentsâ characteristics, cultural diversity, and need to develop ICC, the researcher reviewed three social theories of learning: social learning theory, sociocultural and cultural-historical activity theory, and situated learning theory. Socially engaged learning, a synthesized framework, was recommended for NNS graduate students along with effective ID strategies.
This research investigated perceptions on ICC and ID strategies for socially engaged learning in a sample of 208 NNS graduate students. Quantitative methods were used to assess studentsâ ICC level and perceptions of effective instructional strategies in four categories: (1) studentsâ gradual engagement and active participation, (2) learning in rich cultural context, (3) self-regulation and learning ownership, and (4) integration of communication technologies.
Results showed that NNS graduate students were diverse in background characteristics, academic disciplines, cultural origins, and previous experiences; they perceived a moderately high level of ICC; and they generally had positive views on ID strategies for socially engaged learning. This research can help instructional designers and instructors in higher education to better understand the needs of NNS graduate students and to prepare them to study more effectively and have more valuable intercultural experiences.Ph. D.
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Brockbank, J. Wyatt. "Better Speakers Make More Friends: Predictors of Social Network Development Among Study-Abroad Students." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2686.
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Social network development has been studied in the social sciences for the last several decades, but little work has applied social network theory to study-abroad research. This study seeks to quantitatively describe factors that predict social network formation among study-abroad students while in the host countries. Social networks were measured in terms of the number of friends the students made, the number of distinct social groups reported, and the number of friends within those groups. The Study Abroad Social Interaction Questionnaire was compared against these pre-trip factors: intercultural competence, target-language proficiency, prior missionary experience, gender, study-abroad program, neuroticism, extroversion, agreeableness, openness to new experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Results showed that pre-trip oral proficiency in the target language was the strongest predictor of the number of friends made in-country. Certain programs showed stronger predictive statistics in terms of size of largest social group, number of social groups, and number of friends made. A distinction is made between total number of friends and number of friends who are more likely to be native speakers. Neither intercultural competence nor personality showed a significant correlation with the number of friendships made during study abroad.
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Fitzpatrick, Kelley Denise. "The Use of Global Issues in A University ESL Classroom: The Students' Perspective." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4736.
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There is increasing interest on the part of ESL educators in the inclusion of contemporary, global issues in their classrooms. Theory about content-based ESL, as well as trends in education, generally, lend support to such enthusiasm. However, ESL educators may be erroneously assuming that their interest in this material is shared by their students. Global issues can also be controversial. Their inclusion in the classroom has the potential to create an uncomfortable, and therefore ineffective, learning atmosphere in a multicultural ESL setting. This qualitative case study examined the use of global issues as the content material in a university-based ESL advanced listening/ speaking class, from the perspective of ten students. A variety of data-gathering methods were employed: direct observation of whole-class sessions; observation and audio-recordings of small-group discussions; tape-recorded journals created by the subjects; audio-recordings of two interviews conducted with each subject. The study focused on three areas: awareness of/interest in global issues developed by the subjects while in their home countries; background experiences and interest in critical analysis developed by the subjects prior to the study; possible changes experienced by the subjects, both in comfort and interest in using global issues in the ESL classroom, during the study. The results indicate that the majority of the subjects entered the classroom with some exposure to several specific global issues. Most had little experience in analyzing the issues using the type of critical analysis common to American academic settings. Initially, most felt hesitant about publicly expressing opinions regarding controversial issues; this reluctance was alleviated by the end of the term. Interest in the material also increased for most subjects during the term. The primary difficulties were found to be related less to global issues and more to the activities performed while working with the subject matter. The study concludes that global issues may be better- suited to classroom activities requiring less public expression of individual ideas and opinions. It also recommends training for ESL educators in intercultural conflict resolution, to enable them to facilitate effective classroom discussion of controversial issues.
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Esperanza, Lucia. "“Discúlpeme señora pero seguramente van a poder poner una silla extra a la mesa, ¿no?” : Un análisis conversacional comparativo sobre la competencia pragmática en usuarios nativos y no-nativos del español." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för spanska, portugisiska och latinamerikastudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-78309.
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El siguiente trabajo pretende analizar el nivel de desarrollo de la competencia pragmática en usuarios nativos y no-nativos del español con origen chileno y sueco respectivamente. Se han analizado una serie de conversaciones telefónicas endolingües y exolingües y se han comparado en términos de longitud y en organización de sus secuencias de negociación. Por otro lado, también se ha observado en detalle la cantidad y tipología de marcadores lingüísticos de mitigación utilizados en ambos grupos. A partir de dicho análisis conversacional comparativo se pretendió determinar en qué medida un usuario no nativo de nivel avanzado en español inmerso en una cultura hispanohablante ha logrado dominar la segunda lengua en términos del dominio del discurso y el uso funcional de los recursos lingüísticos de acuerdo a un cierto escenario de intercambio comunicativo. Como resultado se han observado diferencias entre los usuarios nativos y no-nativos en relación con la producción de marcadores de mitigación pero no en la longitud y organización secuencial de las conversaciones.The following paper aims at analyzing the level of development of pragmatic competence among native and nonnative Spanish speakers from Chile and Sweden. A series of endolinguistic and exolinguistic phone conversations have been analyzed and compared with regard to their length and the organization of negotiation sequences. Also, the amount and types of linguistic mitigation markers used in both groups have been accounted for. The overall aim of this comparative study in conversation analysis is to determine in which way nonnative advanced Spanish L2 speakers immersed in a Hispanic culture have been able to master the second language in terms of discourse command and functional use of linguistic resources in a given communicative activity type. Differences were found between native and nonnative speakers with regard to mitigation markers production but not in the length and organization sequence of the conversations.
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Ikeda, Kazuko. "A descriptive study of the relationship between cultural sensitivity in the acculturation process and the second language learning process." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3442.
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This is a study to investigate the association between the cultural sensitivity in the acculturation process and the second language learning process. This study is also a partial replication of the study by William Acton (1979) who developed the Professed Difference in Attitudes Questionnaire (PDAQ), which is utilized as a measurement instrument in this study. Acton's concept of socio-cultural equidistant is interpreted from the intercultural communication point of view. The results of the hypothesis testing are inconclusive and incongruous with Acton's study.
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Harley, Elizabeth Anna. "An Exploratory Evaluation of Language and Culture Contact by Japanese Sojourners in a Short-term US Academic Program." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5168.
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Short-term intercultural exchange programs provide a wealth of information and experiences for participants. Participants are given the opportunity to travel out of their native country and are exposed to new languages and cultures. This case study looks at the Japanese sojourners in the Northwest/ Pacific Rim {NWPR) summer program. The purpose was to examine the language use of the Japanese sojourners throughout the course of the NWPR program. This case study sought to determine when the Japanese sojourners used English and/or Japanese, in which situations, what strategies the Japanese sojourners employed and who initiated contact with whom. All of the data was gathered from a participant observer who also employed various ethnographic methods. The Japanese sojourners were observed informally and six were interviewed formally. All four of the ESL teachers were also formally interviewed to provide as wide a range of information as possible. The results showed that the Japanese sojourners did, in general, have a positive experience in the NWPR program but they did not learn as much English and intercultural sensitivity as they could have. Although this case study was focused on the language use of the Japanese sojourners aspects of program evaluation inevitable infiltrated in.
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Roberts, Steven Fredolph. "The Mediation of U.S. American Culture in the ESL Classroom." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4786.
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The concept of cultural mediation is one that all ESL teachers must deal with as an inherent part of their employment. Yet, relatively little of the current literature has examined how teachers actually perceive this aspect of their work once they have left the teacher preparation program behind. This question provided the main rationale for the present study. The current study, an adaptation of DeFoe (1986), examined the mediation of U.S. American culture in the ESL classroom by means of a written survey of 42 teachers from ten community colleges, both in the Portland/Vancouver metropolitan area and from around the state of Oregon. The four research questions of the present study sought to find a relationship between four independent variables--the kind of ESL that is taught, overseas exposure, cultural self-characterization, and explicit instruction in intercultural communication theory and practice--and how ESL teachers perceive their roles as each of these concern the four dependent variables of the study: being an example, explaining U.S. American culture, teaching interculturally, and listening and helping as a friend. A non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis analysis of the data revealed that none of the research questions achieved statistical significance. However, some of the findings did suggest several interesting relationships. The variable of cultural self-characterization did approach significance in relation to the dependent variable of explaining American culture. This, in connection with some of the findings for the respondent demographic data, appeared to indicate for this group of teachers that cultural self-perception may have exercised an influence on their explain of American culture. Second, intercultural communication theory and practice exposure seemed more of an aid to the respondents of this study in teaching about culture specific issues, as opposed to teaching about culture general issues. This would appear to raise a question as to how easily the theory and practice learned in the intercultural communication classroom translates to the ESL context.
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Kim, Backyoung. "Autonomous elementary English learning in Korea using mediated structures." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2449.
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Alali, Shatha Abdulmohsen. "BUSINESS COMMUNICATION IN GLOBAL CONTEXTS: STUDYING THE EXPERIENCES OF NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKING (NES) AND NON-NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKING (NNES) PROFESSIONALS IN MULTILINGUAL, MULTICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1556203981889352.
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Vorwerk, Shane Paul. "Genre analysis and the teaching of academic literacy: a case study of an academic discipline in the social sciences." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002648.
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Students in tertiary educational institutions in South Africa come from many different backgrounds and have varied educational experiences. Some students, especially those from non-English speaking backgrounds, may encounter linguistic difficulties with various academic tasks. In order for students to be successful at university, they must become academically literate. That is, they must master all the reading, writing, listening and comprehension tasks required by the disciplines in which they are studying. One such task is presented by the academic lecture which is an integral part of any course of study. Linguistically, the academic lecture can be seen as a particular genre with unique characteristics. This study investigated some linguistic characteristics of academic lectures. The discipline of Political Science, as a Social Science, was chosen because there is little research that has been done on language in the Social Sciences. The Political Science sub-disciplines of Political Philosophy, South African Politics, and International Relations were used in this research. First year lectures were recorded from each of these three sub-disciplines. The linguistic characteristics of lectures were analysed using techniques drawn from Systemic Functional linguistic theory. The analysis concentrated on the aspects mode and field as they were realised in the lectures. In addition, higher level generic structure was also analysed. The insights gained from the analysis were validated through interviews with the lecturers who gave the lectures. The aim of this research was to develop a linguistic characterisation of the lecture genre as it occurs in the three sub-disciplines of Political Science. The results of this research suggest that although there is a unified academic lecture genre, there is variation according to sub-discipline. The implications of this variation are discussed with reference to their relevance to teaching academic literacy.
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Chen, Mei-Fen. "Academic competence for technical reading in English as a foreign language." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2162.
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This project offers a strategy-based curriculum designed to increase academic competence in technical reading for Taiwanese students of English as a foreign language. Strategies include acquiring specialized vocabulary words, enhancing background knowledge, and increasing metacognitive awareness.
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Puyana, Olivia E. "School Psychologist Perceptions Regarding Implementation of Response to Intervention with English Language Learners." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5443.
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This research was an investigation of three domains identified through a thorough review of the literature as fundamental to the equitable implementation of Response to Intervention (RtI) with English language learners (ELLs): (1) degree of intercultural sensitivity of educators involved in the RtI process, (2) training of educators in implementation of RtI with ELLs, and (3) educator familiarity with empirically-based interventions for use with ELLs. The validity of using RtI with ELLs has been questioned by both supporters and detractors of the model (Linan-Thompson & Ortiz, 2009). The most fundamental tenets of RtI are predicated upon the use of empirically validated interventions and the application of culturally responsive educational practices that provide equitable learning opportunities for all students. Due to the critical role of school psychologists in the development and implementation of RtI models, a questionnaire was designed for use with this population to explore the three domains delineated above. The Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS; Chen & Starosta, 2000) was used to document participants' degree of intercultural sensitivity. Additional questions addressing domains two and three strategically juxtaposed participants' experiences with and perceptions regarding RtI with native English speakers versus RtI with ELLs. Through a series of eight research questions and the associated analyses, the following conclusions were reached: (1) Statistically significantly higher mean scores on the ISS were present among those respondents who identified themselves as Hispanic/Latino/Spanish and/or fluent in more than one language; (2) Statistically significant differences were documented in participants' responses to items focused on perceptions of training for implementing RtI with native English speakers versus training for implementing RtI with ELLs; and (3) Statistically significant differences were found in participants' responses to items inquiring about perceptions of familiarity with empirically-based interventions for use within an RtI framework with native English speakers in comparison to ELLs. Taken together, and in conjunction with a qualitative analysis of two open-ended questions, these results suggest the presence of considerable delays in school psychologists' training and perceptions of preparedness to implement RtI with a linguistically diverse population as compared to native English speakers. This outcome is disconcerting, given the emphasis throughout the literature on the importance of unique considerations required to implement RtI equitably with ELLs. Recommendations for practice and future research are provided that emphasize the need for additional research and training in implementing RtI with a linguistically diverse population.ID: 031001518; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Stephen Sivo.; Co-adviser: Oliver Edwards.; Title from PDF title page (viewed August 19, 2013).; Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 186-195).
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Education and Human Performance
Education
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Branco, Diana Manuel Sousa. "A competência intercultural no ensino : propostas para formação contínua de professores dos 2º e 3º ciclos do ensino básico." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/2074.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Português Língua Não Materna apresentada à Universidade AbertaEsta investigação incide na formação contínua de docentes no que respeita à competência intercultural. Assim, pretende lançar um olhar sobre as concepções pedagógicas dos docentes das várias áreas disciplinares face à competência intercultural bem como sobre as necessidades de formação contínua por eles sentidas e possíveis caminhos a percorrer na programação de acções de formação a promover dentro da temática em questão. Tendo em conta a problemática em estudo e o universo em análise, a saber, docentes dos 2º e 3º ciclos do Ensino Básico que leccionaram em escolas da Região Autónoma da Madeira durante o ano lectivo de 2010/2011, recorremos ao inquérito por questionário como técnica dominante. Os professores revelam alguma preocupação com a educação intercultural e demonstram interesse em frequentar formação na referida área, no entanto, admitem não implementar regularmente práticas pedagógicas interculturais nem abordar conteúdos culturais mais profundos, que propiciam uma melhor percepção da individualidade, da alteridade e das relações entre o Eu/Outro. Considera-se, então, indispensável consciencializar os docentes face à importância do ensino da competência intercultural em todas as aulas do currículo do ensino básico, e promover momentos de investigação, reflexão sobre a temática para que desenvolvam um profissionalismo intercultural e ajam no terreno, implementando projectos e práticas pedagógicas interculturais junto dos discentes com quem trabalham e junto de toda a comunidade de aprendizagem que é a escola. Por estarmos convictos de que é fundamental a aposta em acções de formação contínua para docentes dos 2º e 3º ciclos do Ensino Básico no âmbito da competência intercultural no ensino, alicerçaram-se duas propostas de linhas orientadoras para uma futura programação devidamente definida e fundamentada de acções de formação contínua de professores, uma para a área das línguas e outra para as restantes áreas disciplinares.
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Mueller, Mareike. "Learners' Identity Negotiations and Beliefs about Pronunciation in Study Abroad Contexts." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6067.
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This dissertation explores learner beliefs about pronunciation and their interaction with identity negotiations in a study-abroad context. Current research on studying abroad has experienced a wave of interest in learner-centered questions, gradually moving away from the narrow focus on students’ linguistic development. In particular, the effects of study abroad on learner identities have attracted attention, revealing the impact of the dispositions of individuals, as well as of interlocutors, on the language learning process. The realm of speaking, especially with regard to pronunciation research, however, has hardly benefited from this interest in the individual perspectives of sojourners. Existing studies merely measure the extent to which learners appropriate native-like accents, resulting in partly inconsistent findings with limited insight into individual learning processes and factors. I thus adopt a different focus by qualitatively investigating the interplay between sojourners’ beliefs about pronunciation and their identity constructions and negotiations.
My research is based on five case studies of Canadian learners of German. Each research subject has attended a German university for one or two semesters. In applying narrative inquiry as a research tool for both the within- and cross-case analyses, I investigate participants’ accounts in interviews and e-journals, as conducted at different stages throughout the first sojourn term. Poststructuralist-constructivist conceptualizations of learner identities and beliefs guide the data analysis and interpretation. The results of the holistic and categorical content analyses give insight into the intricate relationship between beliefs about pronunciation and learners’ identity work. In their narratives, learners appear to actively use pronunciation as a tool to construct identity facets in correspondence to specific communities of practice, giving meaning to their investment in the sojourn experience. This process of mediating between different identity constructions appears to be highly complex and partially conflict-laden. The participants’ beliefs and reported learning behaviours are interconnected with their definitions of learning goals, which draw on native-speaker ideals to different extents and with varying results. These orientations are in turn related to the subjects’ degrees of critical language awareness, the latter a factor that appears to play a vital role in shaping the ability of learners to take advantage of learning opportunities. In assessing participants’ learning objectives and their readiness to reflect upon their beliefs and orientations, my study also sheds light on the influence of different learning factor constellations on intercultural learning.
The results indicate that unidirectional cause-and-effect relationships cannot be drawn between learners’ beliefs about pronunciation and their abilities to approach their roles as intercultural speakers in sojourn environments. My study rather underlines the importance of illuminating individual learning experiences in their idiosyncrasies and complexities, which may lead to a stronger consideration of learners’ subjective stances in both research and teaching practice. The findings of my study suggest that the primary way that language pedagogy can thus foster the ability to engage in intercultural encounters is by helping learners to become aware of their subjective stances, their self-constructions, and the influence of those on the learning process. Therefore, developing the ability and willingness to critically reflect is crucial, especially with regard to pronunciation. In illuminating the intricate nature of learner beliefs and their influence on the learning process, my study demonstrates the importance of qualitative, emic research into the acquisition of L2 pronunciation.
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Chang, Shu-Mei, and 張淑媚. "Misunderstanding and Clarification in Conversations:An Intercultural Communication Study on Mandarin Native Speakers and Non-native Speakers." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06119262349760693512.
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碩士國立交通大學
傳播所
91
To make clear the communicative problems caused during the encounter of the people with different cultural backgrounds and different native languages, many researchers have devoted themselves to studies on intercultural communication, hoping that their findings may contribute to the peaceful co-existence of human beings. Similarly, the present study focuses on the process of misunderstanding and clarification in conversations between Mandarin native speakers and non-native speakers in order to help the public know more about the problems Mandarin non-native speakers may have in the use of Mandarin, and then to help improve the communicative effectiveness in both parties. The present study examines the conversations between some Mandarin native speakers and non-native speakers by employing the methodology of conversation analysis. According to the findings, the misunderstanding in the conversations results not only from the use of the Mandarin vocabulary, grammar, or idioms that are more difficult and complicated than usual, but also from the lack of common cultural consensus.
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CHIN, PO-JUI, and 覃柏睿. "A Study on Intercultural Experiences and Competences Learning of Chinese as Second Language Speakers." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s72ay7.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
成人教育研究所
107
The purpose of this study is to explore the Chinese learning experience, intercultural experience and intercultural competence learning of CSL (Chinese as second language) speakers. Via qualitative research approach, research data is collected from CSL speakers, who has been living in Kaohsiung, Taiwan over 10 years by interviews. Suggestions are given based on the results to CSL lesson planning, departments of government, educational organizations and further research. The conclusions of this study based on the results are as following: Chinese learning experience benefits life adaptation and activates self-directed learning; culture shock experienced within intercultural experiences serves as a boost of problem solving and intercultural adaptation; cognitive competence is cultivated through the developing of values, affective competence is enhanced through the adjustments of attitudes and certain life adapting methods and communicative strategies are developed to reinforce intercultural skills.
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Ikeda, Tomoko. "Facilitating participation: communicative practices in interaction between native and nonnative speakers of Japanese." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3078.
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Ikeda, Tomoko 1979. "Facilitating participation : communicative practices in interaction between native and nonnative speakers of Japanese." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/13265.
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Tseng, Hsiang-Ju, and 曾湘茹. "Cultural Encounters: Intercultural Communication and Cultural Learning of Taiwanese College Students withNon-native English Speakers." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76056763254840801424.
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碩士國立交通大學
英語教學研究所
98
The TESL/TEFL professionals have drawn considerable attention to the growing importance of cultural learning in recent decades. To embed cultural learning into language learning, Byram (1997) has suggested that the fieldwork approach is one of the efficient ways to avoid reinforcing cultural stereotypes, help develop openness attitude (Robinson & Nocon, 1996; Bateman, 2002), and experience real time, unrehearsed interaction. Nevertheless, amid previous cultural research associated with the fieldwork approach, most attention was given to the investigation of L2 learners’ contact with native speakers of English. This focus has claimed to be unrealistic since English now serves as an international language (Alptekin, 2002). Catering to the fact that nonnative-nonnative communication prevails, the present research involved four college freshman participants from diverse disciplines studying at a public university in northern Taiwan, paired up to communicate with international students who are nonnative speakers of English, studying in the same university. The study attempted to investigate how the intercultural task could foster the development of intercultural competence and to discover L2 learners’ communication difficulties and perception on the task. Data was collected from L2 learners’ written self-reflection reports, transcript of post-interviews, and transcript of the intercultural conversation between the learners and the international students. Results showed that the task helped L2 learners increase knowledge of foreign culture, native culture, together with knowledge of intercultural interaction. The task also fostered the development of the “openness” attitude, and aroused considerable interest in introducing one’s own culture to others and in knowing other people’s way of life. In terms of communication difficulties, the results indicated that the difficulties covered aspects of linguistics, affection, communication strategies, and sociocultural knowledge. In general, the learners showed positive attitudes toward the intercultural experience; however, few limitations such as little grammar correction given during the task were reported. The learners further suggested the number of foreign interlocutors and the frequency of the intercultural interaction perhaps could be increased. The present study is likely to provide a framework to enhance face-to-face intercultural interaction and to help L2 learners approach world Englishes (Kachru & Nelson, 1996) in L2 learners’ country. A few pedagogical implications were provided. Activities of having L2 learners conduct the intercultural task could possibly bring them to see the communicative purpose of English, further boosting motivation for English learning. Linguistic competence remains crucial; sufficient vocabulary repertoire and comprehensible pronunciation are fundamental to successful intercultural communication. Furthermore, the skill of interpreting and relating and skill of discovering and interacting (Byram, 1997) are discovered to be paramount and advised to practice in English class.
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Kolářová, Kristýna. "Práce s filmovým materiálem ve výuce češtiny jako cizího jazyka za účelem prezentace českých reálií." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-389013.
Full textAbstract:
Using Film Material in Teaching Czech as a Foreign Language to Present Czech Culture Abstract The aim of this thesis is to offer teachers of Czech as a second language information about the use of films to present Czech culture in B2 level. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of Czech culture by different authors, and the explanation of sociocultural and intercultural competence. Also, the approach of Weimann and Hosch towards teaching culture is defined, and the main components of communicative approach are introduced. Further, the use of films in language teaching is explored together with the specification of the reasons why films should be used in language teaching, advantages and disadvantages connected to it, and the methods of the film presentation are introduced. The practical part consists of two main parts. In the first part the available materials containing the use of films in teaching Czech as a second language are analysed, and the second part introduces an educational material based on the information found in the theoretical part of this thesis.
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"Making requests in institutional e-mail communication in Hong Kong: an interlanguage and intercultural pragmatics approach." Thesis, 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6075274.
Full textAbstract:
An electronic DCT questionnaire, which was specially designed, pilot-tested, and refined, served as the chief instrument. Thirty students participated in the study and formed three cultural groups: ten native English-speaking American students (NS), ten Hong Kong Chinese learners of English (HKCLE) and ten Mainland Chinese learners of English (MLCLE). They completed the e-DCTs online and participated in stimulated recall sessions afterwards in which they were prompted to recall their thought processes while on task. Six American professors evaluated and commented on a random sample of the e-mails (30% of the corpus). The e-mail data were coded with a modified version of the CCSARP (Cross Cultural Speech Acts Realisation Patterns) manual; open-coding and thematic analysis were applied to the stimulated recalls and recipient feedback, with the aid of NVivo 8.Concerning the interlanguage aspect of the requests, the major findings were: In making status-unequal requests to their professors, students from all three cohorts tended to be indirect in general. The two learners' groups demonstrated a fairly strong pragmalinguistic control in realising specific indirect requesting strategies with a variety of forms; they relied heavily on the conventionally indirect strategy of Query Preparatory (QP). By contrast, NSs exhibited greater flexibility in their strategy choices, which ranged from very direct to indirect. The CLEs were particularly weak in employing certain syntactic devices as downgraders; to compensate, they made excessive use of lexical/phrasal modifiers and external mitigating moves to soften the requestive force.
MLCLEs were found to always be the least confident group in terms of their language use, as compared to the HKCLE group, which was the most confident. The measurements of power difference and social distance were rather approximate among the three cohorts. NSs were more apt to lessen the power distinction and stress the mutuality of 'showing respect', whereas CLEs were inclined to accentuate unequal power distributions, and emphasise the hierarchical asymmetry. Imposition degree was found to be the most dynamic of the three variables. The reasons for its use were multi-faceted, encompassing diverse affective, cognitive, and social factors.
The audience (American professors) perceived that the students were both direct and polite in making requests. The NSs were found to be the most polite and most satisfactory group in terms of their linguistic production. (Mis)matches were identified between the expectations of the e-mail writers and their receivers. Case analyses revealed disparity in student performance and variations in their developmental progress in terms of pragmalinguistic competence, sociopragmatic awareness, and intercultural communicative competence. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications are discussed. Finally, the thesis concludes with suggestions for future studies.
The present study investigated the speech act realisation of requests in student-professor e-mail communication at a university in Hong Kong. This mixed-method study employed an electronic version of DCTs (Discourse Completion Tasks), stimulated recalls, and audience judgements to investigate the verbal behaviour of both native speakers of English and non-native speakers (Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese) who were students at the university.
Pan, Ping.
Advisers: Gwendolyn Gong; Jane Jackson.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-03, Section: A, page: .
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 348-363).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstract also in Chinese.
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Ige, Busayo Olamide. "Gendering politeness : speech and act among Zulu second language speakers of the English language on the Durban campus." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5322.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis. I have moved away from the general question of 'How do women and men behave linguistically?, (Sing and Bergvall. 1996:19) and have turned to investigate in particular how the speech act of apologies contributes to the production of people as 'women and men' (Sing and Bergvall, 1996:19). In other words, the investigation focuses on the effect of politeness strategies on the construction of gender identities. Using poststrucluralist feminist theory as developed primarily by Weedon (1987), this thesis investigates the politeness strategies employed by some Zulu students at the University of Natal, Durban, in their English-medium interactions with African international students. The speech act of apologies is the area of language investigated, with data being collected primarily by means of role-plays and focus groups. The focus of the analysis is limited to the performance of apologies towards non-Zulus by 12 Zulu
male and female students. To this end, the various strategies employed by the respondents were analysed according to the framework developed by Holmes (1989, 1995). In addition, information gathered in the focus groups revealed to what extent politeness strategies are still being transferred from Zulu to English. The strategies employed by these men and women are considered as revealing some of the ways by which politeness contributes to the construction of gender identities, in the University context. On the basis of this limited sample, it is argued that traditional Zulu male masculinity, while still dominant, is now being contested in the University context by some students favouring a less tradition-oriented identity. The strategies employed by the female respondents, on the other hand, suggest that Zulu women students may be beginning to reject traditional Zulu femininity in favour of more westernized identities.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2000.
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Cuicui, Cheng. "A comunicação intercultural ao nível da intervenção pedagógica no ensino do português como língua estrangeira a alunos chineses na China." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/17075.
Full textAbstract:
A globalização aproxima os povos: o mundo chinês e o mundo português nunca tiveram uma relação tão estreita como a atual. Apesar de os portugueses terem ido os primeiros ocidentais a entrar na China com a chegada de Jorge Álvares a uma ilha chinesa, em 1513, e os últimos ocidentais a deixar o governo de um território
chinês, com a transferência da administração portuguesa de Macau para a China a 20 de dezembro de 1999, nunca haviam sido registados, nos últimos séculos, grandes contatos ou intercâmbios comerciais e culturais entre a China e Portugal e entre o mundo chinês e o mundo lusófono, em comparação com os contatos entre o mundo chinês e outros mundos ocidentais: como o inglês, o francês, o alemão e o espanhol.
Os objetivos gerais desta investigação são três:
1 - Reconhecer o papel do desenvolvimento da competência omunicativa
intercultural no contexto do ensino-aprendizagem do português como LE na China.
2 - Promover o desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa intercultural dos alunos chineses no processo de aprendizagem da língua portuguesa na China.
3 - Analisar os métodos pedagógicos e de integração curricular para apoiar e desenvolver um ensino mais eficaz do português como LE na China.
O desenvolvimento do nosso trabalho articula-se em duas áreas científicas: Ciências da Linguagem e Ciências da Educação.
A abordagem metodológica utilizada é o estudo de caso, com recolha de dados primários realizada através de questionários, entrevistas e observação participante em profundidade, que permitiu a confirmação e/ou refutação das hipóteses levantadas, privilegiando a metodologia qualitativa.
Os resultados permitem estabelecer uma relação significativa, do ponto de vista pedagógico, entre a comunicação intercultural na educação e as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas no ensino do português como língua estrangeira na China.
Contudo e de acordo com a nossa pesquisa, o maior problema que impede as práticas pedagógicas para desenvolver as competências comunicativas no ensino, é a falta de materiais didáticos com estrutura para elaborar um programa de atividades coerentes e complementares nas aulas.The globalization has closed the distance between people: the relation between two “worlds” – China and Portugal- has never been such intimate like time of day. Starting from 1513 when Jorge Álvares reached an island of China, Portuguese became the first groups of westerners who entered China, and on 20 December 1999 Portuguese government handed over the governance of Macau to Chinese government, which marked the day that last groups of westerners withdrew from territory of China. In early centuries, comparing the interaction between China and other countries (like UK, France, Germany and Spain), China and Portugal, the two worlds have had such frequent interaction by today that they never had and so many records of comercial communications and cultural exchanges are being documented. The purport of this research comprises the following three: 1. To re-recognize the role of the development of cross-cultural communication competence in teaching Portuguese as a foreign language 2. To promote and enhance the Chinese students’cross-cultural communication competence in course of learning Portuguese in China. 3. To analyze the more effective teaching methods and the model of curriculum design with the purpose of facilitating and developing the teaching Portuguese to speakers of other languages in China. Our research mainly pertains to two domains:linguistics and pedagogy Case study is the main approach we have employed in research and analysis with the emphasis on qualitative analysis method. By undertaking questionnaire, interview and intensive participant observation, we complete thespicilegium of initial data. This method enables us to have a more extensive research perspective, with observation to various situations, to affirm or negate our research hypothesis. The outcome of this research will proceed from the angle of pedagogy to build up the profound relations for and between cross-cultural communications in pedagogy and the development of teaching practice of Portuguese as a foreign language in China. Based on our research, the biggest obstacle in development of communication competence in teaching activities is the insufficiency of systematic teaching materials, which can further assist in developing coherent and integrated teaching programs.
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Nene, Jabulani Owen. "Investigating politeness among IsiZulu mother tongue and non-mother tongue speakers in higher education open distance learning environment." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24466.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to explore politeness shown by lecturers during tuition and student support conversations with the objective of promoting polite interactions between IsiZulu mother tongue and non-mother tongue speakers in higher education in South Africa. In particular, the study investigates the way in which politeness in email communication influences learning outcomes within an ODL environment, using quantitative and qualitative research methodologies, a questionnaire as well as interviews to collect data from a cross-section of students from an Open Distance Learning (ODL) institution. All the results drawn from the data sources, namely the questionnaires and interviews, were enumerated according to the data collection tools used. Version 12 of SPSS and Nvivo were used to analyse the quantitative data. The analysis is also based on the politeness strategies of Brown and Levinson (1978) as well as a conceptual framework that links all the variables. Based on the results, the research hypotheses are accepted, thus indicating that politeness in email communication influences learning outcomes within an ODL environment. In particular, the results show that, overall, lecturers who employ politeness contribute positively to student compliance. Accordingly, the study recommends that ODL should recognise both the role of language in communication as well as the power and influence of politeness in communication.African Languages
D. Litt. et Phil.
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(8649474), Maria Yakushkina. "LANGUAGE USE AND SYMBOLIC TRANSNATIONAL PRACTICES: EVIDENCE FROM 1.5 AND SECOND GENERATION CUBANS IN MIAMI." Thesis, 2020.
Find full textAbstract:
Today’s highly globalized and mobile society can be characterized by constant interaction between dominant and minority groups in one space, where migrant communities manage multiple cultural and linguistic contexts, while remaining connected to their society of origin. While the field of transnationalism addresses both the behavioral (i.e., physical) and symbolic (i.e., emotional) ties to the origin community, the role that language plays in establishing and maintaining such transnational practices, and specifically symbolic transnationalism, is not well understood. Addressing this gap, the current project aims to investigate the interconnection between heritage language use and symbolic transnationalism through the analysis of 1.5 and 2nd generation Cubans in Miami.
The Cuban community in the US, and more specifically, in Miami-Dade County, Florida, represents a relevant case for in-depth investigation. While this population is comparable to other Hispanic groups in the US on many levels (Duany, 2011), the long-standing political opposition between the U.S. and Cuba have largely limited behavioral transnational practices (e.g., visits to the country of origin, sending goods and remittances) of the Cuban population. This broad lack of behavioral transnationalism in the Miami Cuban community provides a unique opportunity to examine symbolic transnational practices, effectively isolating two concepts that are traditionally combined in the literature (Duff, 2015; Reynolds, 2006).
To investigate the relations between language use and symbolic transnationalism, a mixed methods study was conducted with 75 young adults of Cuban origin (1.5 and 2nd generation), combining a quantitative questionnaire with face-to-face sociolinguistic interviews. Quantitatively, data analysis centered on the analysis of the degree of symbolic transnationalism and language use among 1.5 and 2nd generation groups, as well as statistical correlations between sub-components of language use (history, proficiency, choice, and value) and symbolic transnationalism (ways of doing and ways of belonging). Qualitatively, a thematic analysis was conducted to distinguish the most prominent external factors in the process of symbolic transnationalism maintenance or development that surfaced in the discourse of the participants. Finally, discourse analysis was used to investigate how symbolic transnationalism was reflected in linguistic structures, such as deixis (i.e., terms indicating distance) and stance (i.e., expression of feelings, judgement, and appreciation).
The analysis of the data provides strong evidence for overarching links between the level of symbolic transnationalism and language, such that greater affiliation with the culture of origin is related to a greater use and importance of the heritage language. In addition, qualitative results show that the external factors of the family domain, the Miami environment and ethnic community, and the use of the Spanish language in Miami, are among the most important for the maintenance and development of symbolic transnationalism. Finally, discourse analysis revealed that both 1.5 and 2nd generation groups use deictic and stance markers to express personal and metaphorical proximity, as well as affect and appreciation of the ethnic community, Cuba as a land, Cuba of the past, and Cuban culture. In contrast, they express temporal and spatial distance as well as markers of judgement with respect to Cuba of the present and its current politics.
This study systematically isolates the concept of symbolic transnationalism via a quantitative approach and investigates its connection with language. Their direct correlation, confirmed by the results, highlights symbolic transnationalism as a significant variable to consider in sociolinguistic research with migrant communities, and thus provides a solid theoretical base for bridging the disciplines of linguistics and transnationalism. Moreover, this work employs a structural linguistic approach (i.e., deixis and stance) to demonstrate how transnational ties may be represented through linguistic structures, and thus it provides new tools for understanding how minority communities express their transnational connections.
On a practical level, this work emphasizes the importance of the context and cross-cultural awareness in language pedagogy. For heritage language learners, it underlines the bi-directional relationship: language maintenance for sustaining transnational ties, as well as development of heritage culture appreciation for more effective heritage language development. Moreover, the findings with respect to the interconnection between symbolic transnationalism and heritage language use, emphasize the role of such aspects as sense of belonging, ethnic community, family history and attitudes towards the country of origin on the process of heritage language maintenance and self-identification with the country and culture of origin. Finally, the findings of this work may be applicable to second language students as well, emphasizing the importance of a context-based approach to language acquisition, which plays a significant role in developing productive cross-cultural communication.