Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interface raide'
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Zou, Ziqiang. "A sharp interface method for low Mach two-phase flows with phase change Toward asymptotic-preserving low-Mach correction for sharp interface two-phase flows with capillary effects An Accurate Sharp Interface Method for Two-Phase Compressible Flows at Low-Mach Regime." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03178310.
Full textA sharp interface approach is presented for computing two-phase flows with surface tension and phase change in low Mach regime. To develop such a model, where slight compressible effects are taken into account as well as correct thermodynamical closures, both the liquid and the gas are considered compressible and described by a precise compressible solver. This compressible solver adopt a splitting technique called "acoustic-transport splitting" which splits the Euler system into two parts: acoustic and transport. Based on the acoustic subsystem, an approximate Riemann solver that accounts for surface tension and phase change effects is developed. The interface between two-phase flows is captured by the Level Set method that is considered to be sharp. The interface capturing issue of the Level Set method within the Eulerian framework is the key point of the two-phase flow simulations, and in this work we propose and adopt high-order approaches for interface advection, redistancing and curvature estimation. In low Mach regime, conventional compressible solvers lose accuracy and a low Mach correction is then necessary to reduce the numerical dissipation. For a sharp interface method, the interface is treated as the shock-wave contact discontinuity via the Ghost Fluid method. Without a smooth region at the interface, such discontinuity existing at the interface presents a huge challenge to the design of a numerical scheme. The well-known low Mach fix in literature could lead to significant truncation error, especially for two-phase flows with large density and sound speed ratios. To recover a good asymptotic-preserving property, we propose a new low Mach correction with rigorous asymptotic analysis. Several numerical test cases have been employed to validate the present numerical approach and enlighten its good performance
Gérard, Valentin. "Technique d'intrusiométrie rapide pour l'étude du mouillage dynamique et du transport de soluté dans des pores hydrophobes nanométriques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALY040.
Full textTens of megapascals of hydrostatic pressure are requiered in order to force the intrusion of a liquid into a non-wetting nanoporous matrix. When the reversibility of this forced imbibition exists, the pair porous matrix/liquid is called a lyophobic heterogeneous system. Those systems may be used to convert mechanical energy into interfacial one with power densities attractive compared to other conversion devices. The fundamental description of LHS in the dynamical regime is thus of prime interest considering applications. A dynamical intrusiometer as been upgraded in order to study the filling and drying of the nanoporous matrices over three orders of magnitude in time and over the temperature range -5° to 70° up to 100MPa. Two porous matrices have been studied. The first one is a periodic mesoporous organosilica which has been synthetised and grafted so as to render it non-wetting. The microscopic order of the porous surface is related thanks to a pinning/depinning model for the contact line motion during the intrusion, while the nucleation of a vapor bubble is shown to be still relevant to describe the extrusion. A more thorough investigation for dissipative phenomena is conducted in the sub-nanometer porous matrix ZIF-8. Solute transport in this material is also presented. To this end, a new device has been designed to allow the renewal of the liquid while keeping the powder. Cyclic measures could then broaden the understanding of the influence of the solute on the matrix. The main conclusions being a slow diffusion of ions in the grains and a crystallisation of the solute when drying occurs
Raimonet, Mélanie. "Cycle benthique du silicium dans les estuaires : observations et modélisation à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2063.
Full textEstuaries are complex and heterogeneous areas, subject to many anthropogenic activities, which can have strong filtering capacities during transport and processing of terrestrial matter to coastal zones. The cycling of silicon (Si), which is essential for the growth of diatoms constituting the basis of healthy food webs, is coarsely defined at these interfaces (Dürr et al. , 2011). This thesis aims to study the benthic Si cycle in the two main estuaries of the Bay of Brest. To address the interactions of scales and to integrate them in flux estimates spatial heterogeneity and tidal variations of benthic Si cycle were quantified and compared with seasonal variations along estuaries. In order to study the interactions between the different cycles of matter (N, P, C, Si) controlling the functioning of coastal ecosystems, the interactions between Si and P have been explored and appear to favor the retention of P. Finally, the benthic cycle of Si was studied using a diagenetic model to estimate deposition fluxes, that are difficult to estimate directly in estuaries, and to evaluate the retention and recycling of Si at a seasonal scale. This first contribution to the study of the Si cycle in the estuaries of the Bay of Brest offers many opportunities in terms of experimental studies and modelling, whether from the perspective of an integrative model of the land-sea interface in the Bay of Brest, or from the implementation of a generic model of the Si cycle in continental margins
Yahia, Messaoud Abdellatif. "Etude et faisabilité de couches de silice ultra-minces par procédé thermique rapide." Toulouse, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAT0029.
Full textLee, Min-I. "Atomic structure, electronic states and relaxation dynamics in photovoltaic materials and interfaces from photoemission-related spectroscopies." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS220/document.
Full textThe efficiency of the photovoltaic process depends on the electronic band structure of the active material and the charge carrier dynamics. In this thesis, we have studied how these issues are related to the atomic structure in materials for two different technologies of solar cells, namely silicon heterostructure solar cells, and hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells. In silicon heterostructure solar cells, we have analyzed the impact of defects on the electronic properties of amorphous silicon heterostructures (a-Si:H/a-SIC:H/c-Si) by core level and valence band spectroscopies. In particular, we have quantified the number of dangling bonds inside a-Si:H layer upon irradiation, we have identified the electronic states associated to them, and we have understood the transitions previously observed by photoluminescence. In perovskite solar cells, we have correlated the atomic structure, the electronic structure and the electronic dynamics for two- and three-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites. We have used with this goal a whole panel of complementary techniques: X-ray diffraction, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, inverse photoemission spectroscopy, and time-resolved two-photon photoemission. In the two-dimensional perovskite (C₆H₅C₂H₄NH₃)₂PbI₄, the valence and conduction bands have been determined experimentally and compared to spectral function simulations. In the three-dimensional perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃, we have again determined the band structure and simulated it. Very broad spectral features have been experimentally observed, which relax the optical transition conditions impacting in the solarcell efficiencies. In both experiments and calculations, we observe that the spectral weight follows a cubic periodicity while the system is structurally in the tetragonal phase. This apparent contradiction is explained by the band broadness, which hides the band folding of the tetragonal distortion. As for the relaxation dynamics, we have observed that the photoexcited carriers thermalize in a subpicosecond time scale through the coupling to organic cation vibrations. At longer timescales (10~100 picoseconds), the electron diffusion controls the dynamics. This dynamics is affected by the annealing-induced defects, which localize the photoexcited electrons for more than 300 picoseconds
Nguyen, Dinh Hai. "Analyse asymptotique, modélisation micromécanique et simulation numérique des interfaces courbées rugueuses dans des matériaux hétérogènes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1067/document.
Full textThis work is essentially concerned with determining the effective linear mechanical and physical properties of composites in which the interface between two phases is not smooth but very rough. An efficient approach to overcome the difficulties arising from the presence of interfacial roughness is first to homogenize a rough interface zone as an equivalent interphase by an asymptotic analysis and then to apply micromechanical schemes to estimation of the effective properties while accounting for the equivalent interphase. The present work aims mainly to develop this approach in a general situation where the surface around which an interface oscillates periodically and quickly can be curved and the physical phenomena involved can be coupled. To achieve this goal, thermal conduction is first studied as a prototype of transport phenomena so as to elaborate key elements of our approach in a simple situation. This study,even preliminary but very useful in view of the importance of transport phenomena, shows that general and compact results can be obtained when the interface is corrugated in only one direction and that numerical methods are generally required when an interface is curved along two directions. The approach developed and the results obtained for thermal conduction are extended first to linear elasticity and then to linear coupled physical phenomena such as thermoelectricity and piezoelectricity. In these more complex cases, general results are obtained for composite laminates with interfaces oscillating in only one direction, and numerical methods are elaborated for composites in which the interfaces oscillate in two directions
DeBenedetto, Louis J. "A Survey of Scalable Real-Time Architectures for Data Acquisition Systems." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606834.
Full textToday’s large-scale signal processing systems impose massive bandwidth requirements on both internal and external communication systems. Most often, these bandwidth requirements are met by scalable input/output architectures built around high-performance, standards-based technology. Several such technologies are available and are in common use as internal and/or external communication mechanisms. This paper provides an overview of some of the more common scalable technologies used for internal and external communications in real-time data acquisition systems. With respect to internal communications mechanisms this paper focuses on three ANSI-standard switched fabric technologies: RACEway (ANSI/VITA 5-1994), SKYchannel (ANSI/VITA 10-1995) and Myrinet (ANSI/VITA 26-1998). The discussion then turns to how Fibre Channel, HiPPI, and ATM are used to provide scalable external communications in real-time systems. Finally, glimpse of how these technologies are evolving to meet tomorrow’s requirements is provided.
Hedroug, Karima. "Influence des chromates sur l'hydratation de la pate de ciment portland, durcissant au contact d'armatures galvanisees." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30192.
Full textTran, Anh-Tuan. "Modélisation et simulation des interfaces non classiques dans l’écoulement de Stokes et dans les composites élastiques fibreux." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1071/document.
Full textThe present work, consisting of two seemingly very different parties, aims at modeling and simulating some non-classical interfaces in fluid mechanics and solid mechanics. In the first part which is the main part of the work, the Stokes flow of a fluid in a channel bounded by two parallel solid walls is studied. The surface of a solid wall being assumed to be smooth, the classic perfect adherence condition is adopted for the corresponding homogeneous fluid-solid interface. The surface of the other wall being taken to be rough and capable of trapping small pockets of air, the corresponding liquid-solid interface is heterogeneous. The first part of this work is to homogenize the heterogeneous liquid-solid interface so as to replace it by an imperfect homogeneous fluid-solid interface characterized by an effective slip length. The essential underlying problem of determining the effective slip length is achieved by developing: (i) a semi-analytical approach when the rough surface is periodic; (ii) an approach based on the fundamental solution method when the surface is randomly rough. The results obtained by the developed approaches are systematically compared with those issued from the finite element method. The second part of the work is to determine the effective elastic moduli of a fiber composite in which the interfaces between the matrix and fibers are imperfect and described by the membrane model. An efficient numerical method based on the fast Fourier transform is developed and implemented to treat the general case where the section of a fiber can be of any shape
Wang, Zhaoguang. "Interactive project review of deformable parts through haptic interfaces in Virtual Reality." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00608499.
Full textMo, Jiongjiong. "Etude et fabrication de MOSFET de la filière III-V." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10026/document.
Full textThe autonomous system requires a power consumption of less than 100μW so that they can recover energy from the environment. MOSFET, being a major component of this system can achieve this low power consumption requirement by improving its performance. III-V materials are of interest to be applied to MOSFET considering its own properties such as high electron thermal mobility, high saturation velocity, and low band gap. So high-performance transistor with low power consumption can be expected by III-V MOSFETs. Fabrication technologies of In0.53Ga0.47As MOSFETs have been developed with its static and dynamic measurements. An IdMAX=180mA/mm, gmMAX=110mS/mm, fT=150GHz and fMAX=47GHz were obtained for a transistor gate length of 50nm. Different ways of improvement were studied including the gate-last process compared with gate-first, the PDA effect, and the PPP effect. The gate-last process shows less degradation of the oxide with better performance than gate-first. PDA has no prominent effect on the performance of transistor. PPA has been shown to have a passivation effect of certain defects in the oxide and interface. Alternative structures have been studied such as the structure MOSHEMT with lattice matched and pseudomorphic, showing best performances like IdMAX=300mA/mm, gmMAX=200mS/mm, fT=200GHz and fMAX=50GHz for a transistor gate length of 100nm. DC performance is far from the state of the art, while the RF performances are among the best. The perspective of this work is to improve the oxide quality by lowering the thermal budget and also to use promising structures as MOS-COMB (MOS-Thin body structure with barrier layer between the oxide and semiconductor). The MOSFET InAs with high-performance could also be expected by reducing the thermal budget during the fabrication
BENMANSOUR-BEKHTI, FATIMA. "Interfacage d'un potentiostat avec un micro-ordinateur en vue de la mesure des impedances electrochimiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13076.
Full textDefresne, Alice. "Amélioration de la passivation de cellules solaires de silicium à hétérojonction grâce à l’implantation ionique et aux recuits thermiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS533/document.
Full textA-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction solar cells have reached record efficiencies of 24.7%. The passivation of c-Si is the key to achieve a high-efficiency. Indeed, the abrupt discontinuity in the crystal structure at the amorphous/crystal interface induces a high density of dangling bonds creating a high density of defects in the band gap. These defects act as recombination centers for electron-hole pairs photogenerated in c-Si. Several dielectric layers can be used to passivate n-type and p-type wafers: (i) SiO₂ produced by thermal growth, (ii) Al₂O₃ deposited by ALD, (iii) a-SiNₓ:H and a-Si:H deposited by PECVD. The most versatile passivation layer is a-Si: H because it is effective for both p-type and n-type wafers. In addition, this process has a low thermal budget since the deposition is made at 200°C. The drawback of this passivation layer, in particular when p-type doped, is that it does not withstand temperatures above 200°C. However, in order to have a good electrical contact, TCO and metal electrodes require high temperature annealing (between 300°C and 500°C).We implanted Argon ions in solar cell precursors with energies between 1 and 30 keV, which allows to control the depth to which we are creating defects. By varying the fluence between 10¹² Ar.cm⁻² and 10¹⁵ Ar.cm⁻² we control the concentration of defects. We show that implantation with an energy of 5 keV and a fluence of 10¹⁵ Ar.cm⁻² is not sufficient to damage the a-Si:H/c-Si interface. The effective lifetime of the minority charge carriers, measured using a photoconductance technique (decay time of photoconductivity), decreases only from 3 ms to 2.9 ms after implantation. On the other hand the implantations at 10 keV, 10¹⁴ Ar.cm⁻² or at 17 keV, 10¹² Ar.cm⁻² are sufficient to degrade the effective lifetime by more than 85%.Following implantation the solar cells have been annealed in a controlled atmosphere at different temperatures and this up to 420°C. We show that annealing can heal the implantation defects. Moreover, under certain conditions, we obtain lifetimes after implantation and annealing greater than the initial effective lifetime. Combining ion implantation and annealing leads to robust passivation with effective carrier lifetimes above 2 ms even after annealing our solar cell precursors at 380°C. We used a large variety of techniques such as photoconductance, photoluminescence, spectroscopic ellipsometry, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy and hydrogen exodiffusion to characterize and analyze the physico-chemical phenomena involved in the modification of solar cells precursors. We discuss here several effects such as the increase of the effective lifetime and the temperature robustness by the preservation of hydrogen in amorphous silicon layer and this even after annealing. This hydrogen preservation can be explained by the increase of the number of Si–H bonds in amorphous silicon and the formation of cavities during implantation. In the course of annealing the hydrogen which diffuses is trapped and then released by cavities and dangling bonds, which limits its exodiffusion and makes it available for dangling bonds passivation
O’Connell, Richard. "200 MBPS TO 1 GBPS DATA ACQUISITION & CAPTURE USING RACEWAY." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607569.
Full textFor many years VME has been the platform of choice for high-performance, real-time data acquisition systems. VME’s longevity has been made possible in part by timely enhancements which have expanded system bandwidth and allowed systems to support ever increasing throughput. One of the most recent ANSI-standard extensions of the VME specification defines RACEway, a system of dynamically switched, 160 Mbyte/second board-to-board interconnects. In typical systems RACEway increases the internal bandwidth of a VME system by an order of magnitude. Since this bandwidth is both scaleable and deterministic, it is particularly well suited to high-performance, real-time systems. The potential of RACEway for very high-performance (200 Mbps to 1 Gbps) real-time systems has been recognized by both the VME industry and a growing number of system integrators. This recognition has yielded many new RACEway-ready VME products from more than a dozen vendors. In fact many significant real-time data acquisition systems that consist entirely of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) RACEway products are being developed and fielded today. This paper provides an overview of RACEway technology, identifies the types of RACEway equipment currently available, discusses how RACEway can be applied in high-performance data acquisition systems, and briefly describes two systems that acquiring and capturing real-time data streams at rates from 200 Mbps to 1 Gbps using RACEway.
Jusserand, Bernard. "Dynamique de réseau des super réseaux semi-conducteurs : étude par diffusion Raman du système GaAs/AlAs." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066054.
Full textLuong, The Nhan. "Modélisation centrée utilisateur final appliquée à la conception d'applications interactives en géographie : une démarche basée sur les contenus et les usages." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00775888.
Full textLuong, The Nhan. "Modélisation centrée utilisateur final appliquée à la conception d'applications intéractives en géographie : une démarche basée sur les contenus et les usages." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3034/document.
Full textThe starting point of this thesis is to deal with the difficulties encountered in the TEL community for designing educational applications exploiting geographic information. Ultimately, it is to provide a new framework allowing for the operational design of geographic Web applications for experts in the domain (and particularly for teachers). The scientific proposal is based on a design process driven by contents and interaction. It is operationalized on a framework called WINDMash offering designers a visual environment for simply specifying and immediately evaluating interactions. The unified model for describing geographic Web applications has three parts: one for representing geographic contents, one for displaying them on a graphical user interface (GUI) and one for describing the behaviour of the application using a visual language whose graphical formalism is based on the UML diagram sequence. Using Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) techniques, the WINDMash framework can automatically generate the code of the final application based on the instances of three parts of the unified model. The WINDMash framework used for this the WIND API (Web INteraction Design) that we programmed. Designers can thus rapidly prototype geographic Web applications corresponding to their needs