Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interfaces solide-liquide – Modèles mathématiques'
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Roucoules, Vincent. "Etude et modélisation des phénomènes interfaciaux solide-liquide : relation entre le mouillage, la physico-chimie et la morphologie des surfaces : optimisation des propriétés de surface par traitement mécanochimique." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10272.
Full textWang, Hao. "Contribution à l'étude thermique des contacts périodiques solide-solide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL040N.
Full textJendoubi, Aymen. "Interaction fluide-structure par la méthode des domaines fictifs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27365/27365.pdf.
Full textVidalain, Guillaume. "Modélisation des phénomènes convectifs lors du changement de phase solide-liquide par utilisation de l'équation de diffusion de la chaleur et d'une forme modifiée de la conductivité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24407/24407.pdf.
Full textJacquot, Francis. "Contributions expérimentale et théorique à une nouvelle approche de la mouillabilité." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL056N.
Full textBenabderrahmane, Yacine. "Modélisation dynamique et thermique d'écoulements diphasiques solide-liquide en présence d'effets non locaux et application au chauffage ohmique de mélanges agro-alimentaires." Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1351.
Full textSouissi, Adel. "Développement des méthodes numériques et expérimentales pour l'étude du champ acoustique de transducteurs ultrasonores en présence d'une interface fluide-solide (réflexion, transmission)." Compiègne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987COMPD096.
Full textMaunoury, Aurélie. "Simulations numériques de l’ascension d’une particule évolutive sous l’effet du changement d’état liquide-solide." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13637.
Full textFlows of melting particles are involved in a wide field of industrial applications such as energetics, agroalimentary… We undertook the modeling and the numerical simulation of the rise of a single melting particle for a mode of moderate Reynolds number. We initially check the validity of the computer code. Then, the study of the rise of an indeformable particle (without fusion) cold moving in a hot fluid makes it possible to note the influence of the heat transfers between the particle and the fluid at the same time on the speed and the establishment of temperature field. The analysis of the process of rise of a single melting particle makes it possible to better understand the hydrodynamics, heat exchange liquid-solid and the phenomenon of fusion in the case of a rise
Potier, Louis. "DFT-MD simulations of aluminium oxide/liquid water interfaces for heterogeneous catalysis." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE032.
Full textThis PhD thesis, funded by ANR SLIMCAT (Solid-Liquid Interface at Molecular Scale for Catalysis), has for goal to characterize the structure of alumina/liquid water interfaces, both from the point of view of the solid and liquid in contact. Beyond structural properties, we aim to provide some details on the chemistry occurring at the interface, and also to understand to what extent α-alumina surfaces models are relevant for γ-alumina surfaces effectively used in experiments in heterogeneous catalysis. DFT-MD (Density Functional Theory based Molecular Dynamics) was used for the simulations, multiple codes were developed to compute all relevant structural and spectroscopic properties from the simulations data. SFG (Sum Frequency Generation) spectroscopy was also employed in the theory to definitely assign the composition, speciation and structure of the aqueous α-(0001)-C and α-(1102)-R alumina surfaces. Multiple surfaces have been presented in the literature as being the most stable for the (1102)-R orientation of α-alumina. By investigating all of them by DFT-MD, we have shown that, when placed in contact with liquid water, only the C1 surface is stable and simultaneously provide a SFG spectrum consistent with the experimental one. However, the (1102)-R-C2 surface is known to be the most stable in contact with the air. To reconcile these two observations, we demonstrated that the calcination of the (1102)-R-C1/liquid water interface at high temperature (~1000 K) leads to the conversion to the (1102)-R-C2 surface, now in contact with the air, while the (1102)-R-C2 recontructs towards the (1102)-R-C1 surface once put in contact with water. We have also resolved the controversies in literature on the α-(0001)-C/liquid water interface. A particular organization of liquid water has hence been shown to exist, consisting of a 2D-HBond-network formed in the topmost interfacial water layer via water-water H-bonds oriented parallel to the surface. This structure is reminiscent of the 2D-HBond-Network formed by water at the interface with the ultimate hydrophobic medium, i.e. vacuum. When electrolytes (1.0M KCl) were placed at this interface, their presence was found not to affect the organization of the 2D-Hbond-network. The γ-(110) and γ-(100) gamma-alumina/liquid water interfaces were also investigated. We find that the γ-(110)/liquid water interface especially shares many common points with α-alumina aqueous interfaces, which shows that α-models are relevant to provide information for the structure of the aqueous γ-alumina employed in catalysis
Vit, Carole. "Modélisation eulérienne d'écoulements turbulents diphasiques gaz-solides présentant une granulométrie étendue de la phase dispersée." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT004H.
Full textAndreux, Régis. "Étude expérimentale et numérique d'un séparateur gaz-solide en sortie du riser d'un pilote froid de FCC." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000624/.
Full textCouvert, Annabelle. "Etude d'un reacteur air-lift rectangulaire a recirculation interne. Hydrodynamique et transfert de matiere gaz-liquide." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0003.
Full textThill, Antoine. "Agrégation des particules : structure, dynamique et simulation : application au cas d'un écoulement stratifié : l'estuaire du Rhône." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00109390.
Full textEn effet, afin de mener à bien cette étude, il a fallu développer de façon préliminaire différents outils. On a ainsi mis au point deux nouvelles méthodes de mesure expérimentale de la structure des agrégats qui échappent aux techniques existantes. Ces méthodes permettent, outre une meilleure connaissance du système, de développer et de valider un nouveau modèle de la cinétique de croissance des agrégats. Ce modèle numérique prend en compte la dimension fractale des agrégats ainsi que sa variabilité. Il est validé par confrontation à des données issues de la bibliographie et l'expériences.
Une étude de terrain dans l'estuaire du grand Rhône est menée dans des conditions hydrodynamiques contrastées (étiage, débit moyen et crue). Elle a permis d'obtenir, pour la première fois, une série de mesures de tailles de particules tout au long de la zone de mélange. Il est établi que les particules les plus grosses (supérieures à 5 microns) présentent une évolution contrôlée par la dilution, la sédimentation et
éventuellement la remise en suspension. Par contre, les particules plus petites (2 à 5 microns) montrent une augmentation de leur concentration le long de la zone de mélange. Dans les premiers temps du mélange, cette augmentation est liée à la fragmentation d'agrégats. Il est possible de montrer ensuite i) que l'agrégation des colloïdes ne peut expliquer cette augmentation que si ceux ci ne réagissent pas avec les fractions de tailles supérieures et présentent une réactivité très supérieure à la réactivité moyenne (alpha : 0.009) et ii) que la production primaire est un mécanisme probable pour expliquer cette augmentation.
Lahmidi, Hicham. "Stockage d'énergie solaire par procédé à sorption solide-gaz : application au chauffage et à la climatisation." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0577.
Full textThe increase of the use of solar energy closely depends on the development of efficient storage processes. In this objective, solid-gas sorption processes are promising because of their high storage capacity and their specific working mode. In this thesis, the integration of a sorption process based on the use of bromide strontium as the reactant and water as the refrigerant fluid is investigated. Combined with flat plate solar collectors and direct floor heating and cooling, it makes it possible to provide a heating but also a cooling storage function. Experimental tests demonstrate the good adequacy of this process to the level of temperature involved in the solar system. The simple model presented allows a fairly good global representation of the coupling phenomena between heat and mass transfer in the reactant. Further use of this model will allow the optimization of the design of the solid-gas reactor according to a power criterion
Atmane, Mohamed Arezki. "Approche locale du transfert de masse interfacial controlé par une turbulence de microjets." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT029H.
Full textBenmoussa, Khalid. "Une méthode d'éléments finis adaptive pour les problèmes à surfaces libres instationnaires." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18269.
Full textPujet, Stéphane. "Modélisation de l'écoulement autour d'une bulle de vapeur en formation sur une paroi chauffante en ébullition convective sous-saturée." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT028H.
Full textLeclerc, Arnaud. "Conception, réalisation et évaluation de réacteurs micro-structurés gaz-liquide pour des procédés chimiques à fortes contraintes." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10316.
Full textCurrent silicon micro-machining techniques make now possible the manufacturing of micro-structured reactors with inner dimensions as low as a few micrometers. A major consequence of their high surface-to-volume ratio is a significant increase of heat and mass transfers which make them appropriate for the investigation of demanding reactions. In spite of the increasing amount of research in this field, very few devices can be used at both high pressure and temperature for the study of gas-liquid reactions. Therefore, several film and dispersed phase contactors have been designed and manufactured, notably with the help of Computational Fluid Dynamics. Taylor flow based contactors, considered as the more convenient in terms of hydrodynamics, were caracterized using an asymetric hydrogenation (30°C, 1-5bar) as well as a partial liquid phase oxidation (200°C, 25bar). Thanks to the intrinsic safety of micro-channels, the latter was also conducted with an enriched oxygen gas feed, thus leading to a significant improvement of the reactor’s productivity
Marron, François. "Contribution mathématique à l'identification des paramètres adéquats pour la modélisation de la mouillabilité." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL115N.
Full textSaberi, Shadi. "Modélisation des systèmes à écoulement gaz-solide : application aux cas des réacteurs à lit fluidisé circulant." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD945.
Full textHuynh, Le Xuan. "Hydrodynamique et transfert de matière diphasique et triphasique dans un réacteur à haut taux de cisaillement." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD097.
Full textYounas, Mohammad. "Modélisation dynamique des contacteurs membranaires pour l'extraction liquide-liquide : experimentation et simulation." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20002/document.
Full textThe current study deals with the dynamic modelling of hollow fiber membrane contactor extraction plant. The objective of the study is to develop a simulation tool in order to optimize the membrane contactors for liquid-liquid extraction in two different applications: aroma and copper extraction from aqueous solutions. Axial-radial stage and single-fiber model of hollow fiber membrane contactor have been proposed based on resistance-in-series model. A separate dynamic model across reservoir has been developed based on macroscopic unsteady state mass transfer balance. Both models are, then, coupled to consolidate into an integrated dynamic model of the membrane-based solvent extraction plant. Experiments have been carried out to verify the reaction mechanism of various solvent extraction systems and to validate the integrated dynamic model. Model has been used to determine the influence of different module configurations, membrane structural para meters, hydrodynamic, transport and operating conditions upon the extraction efficiency and speed of extraction
Wardag, Alam Rahman Khan. "Hydrodynamic and heat transfer study in corrugated wall bubbling fluidized bed experiments and CFD simulations." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24626.
Full textWith the endeavor of approaching an ideal allothermal gasifier, recently our group proposed a reactor concept of allothermal cyclic multi-compartment bubbling fluidized beds for biomass gasification with steam. The concept consisted of multiple intercalated parallelepipedic slim gasification and combustion compartments to enhance unit heat integration and thermal efficiency while preventing contact between flue gas and syngas to generate a N2-free high-quality biosyngas. However, the efficiency of contacting between gas and particles in bubbling fluidized beds is dictated to a large extent by the bubble dynamics which impacts mixing, heat and mass transfers. Literature showed that the decrease in clearance between flat walls for slim fluidization enclosures or in diameter for cylindrical vessels would make fluidized beds very sensitive to wall effects and prone to operate in slug flow regime. Since the occurrence of slugging in multi-compartment slim beds could reduce their thermal and chemical efficiency, the objective of current work was to devise suitable strategies in treating the incipient bubbles to suppress the slugging behavior of bed. By considering the effect of walls on bubble growth, we recently employed corrugated plates as separating walls in slim multi-compartment gas solid fluidized beds. Thorough analyses of bubble dynamics and wall-to-bed heat transfer in flat- (FWBFB) and corrugated- (CWBFB) wall bubbling fluidized beds were performed for a variety of wall declinations and operating conditions covering a range of corrugation angles (θ=120o, 90o), average inter-wall clearances (C), initial rest bed heights (Hi) and ratios of gas superficial velocity to minimum bubbling velocity, Ug/Umb. It was observed that gas flowrate required to achieve the incipient bubbling condition was lower in case of CWBFB. A network of neck (minimum clearance) and hip (maximum clearance) locations in CWBFB also promoted bubbles breakup, higher bubble frequency, lower bubble rise velocity and thus all converging into a better gas distribution. CWBFB offered stable gas-solid fluidization operation and lower transport disengagement height as compared to FWBFB. During the experimental work, digital image analysis technique and fast response heat flux probes were employed to study the effects of operating and geometrical parameters on bubble dynamics and wall-to-bed heat transfer. Two artificial neural network correlations valid both for FWBFB and CWBFB were recommended for the estimation of bubble frequency and size (equivalent diameter). Full 3-D transient Euler-Euler CFD simulations with kinetic theory of granular flow were also carried out which helped shaping an understanding of the effects of corrugated walls on increasing the drag force on particles in the converging-diverging high-pressure zones in corrugated walls. The dynamic fluctuations in the simulated solid phase volume fraction, granular temperature and granular pressure were monitored to determine their standard deviations. These revealed notable shifts in the fluidization regime by replacing flat walls with corrugated walls and further revealed that necks were responsible for inception of instabilities as compared to hips. Time averaged contours of simulated gas volume fraction corroborated with experimental findings that CWBFB offered better gas distribution as compared to FWBFB. Axial profiles of simulated time averaged solid volume fraction and granular temperature showed that CWBFB significantly reduced the transport disengagement height as compared to FWBFB.
Molodtsof, Yuri. "Équations générales probabilistes des écoulements polyphasiques et applications aux mélanges gaz-solides." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPDE43.
Full textLoret, Thomas. "Capacité de modèles in vitro de complexité différente à prédire les réponses toxiques pulmonaires observées in vivo après exposition aiguë à des nanoparticules de TiO2 et de CeO2." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2358/document.
Full textNanoparticles (NPs) represent a potential danger for workers and public, especially after inhalation. When a NP is shown toxic for the lungs in vivo in animals, this can incite regulators to implement measures to reduce human exposure risks. The in vivo studies are thus of utmost importance in reducing the potential health risks for humans. However, in a context of a diminution in the number of animals used in experimentations and considering the high number of NPs used and their physicochemical diversity, there is an urgent need for alternative methods, like the in vitro, which could be used to predict the potential health effects of NPs in human. Many progresses have been made recently to develop more physiological cell models and exposure methods simulating the inhalation of NPs in vitro. Nevertheless, uncertainties remain regarding the capacity of these new in vitro methods to predict the biological responses observed in vivo into the lungs after exposure to NPs. In this context, the aim of our study was to assess the ability of several in vitro methods, differing in complexity, to predict the adverse responses observed in vivo in rat lungs after acute exposure (24h) to several metallic and poorly soluble TiO2 and CeO2 NPs. For this, in vitro experimentations were first performed to assess if exposing alveolar cells in monoculture or in co-culture at the ALI interface to aerosols of NPs, generated different results compared to classic exposure in submerged conditions to suspensions. In a second step, rats were exposed by intratracheal aspiration of NP suspensions to compare the biological responses in vitro to those obtained in vivo. To compare the pulmonary responses in vivo and in vitro, similar dose metrics were selected, including the mass per surface unit or per macrophage. After 24h of exposure, significant biological responses (mostly inflammation) were observed at lower doses at the ALI compared to in submerged conditions. Moreover, we highlighted the necessity to take into account the deposited dose on the cells and the timing of the dose delivery in order to compare the two exposure methods used in vitro. When we compared the responses in vitro to those observed in vivo, we noticed that the ALI methods generated more predictive results than the submerged one, in term of biological activation levels after 24h of exposure. Finally, a ranking of the four NPs used in our study was provided and the NPs were ranked similarly both in vivo and in vitro and whatever the exposure method used in vitro. We also showed the importance of the surface area when ranking the poorly soluble NPs. In conclusion, the gap existing between the in vivo and the in vitro has been evaluated in our study. Our results highlighted the relevance of using more realistic in vitro exposure methods to model the potential adverse effects of NPs for human. This brings perspectives about using and developing in vitro methods mimicking more closely the in vivo exposure conditions
Duru, Paul. "Lois constitutives et instabilités en fluidisation liquide-solide." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11029.
Full textZarrouk, Ziad Ben Mohamed. "Etude de la transition solide-liquide au sein d'un fluide thixotrope." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Zarrouk-Ben-Mohamed-Ziad/2010-Zarrouk-Ben-Mohamed-Ziad-These.pdf.
Full textWe have studied the behaviour of thixotropic fluids : especially the suspension of laponite. The study of the local level of this suspension, with the help of PIV technique, which allows to better understanding how the organisation of suspension structure when the fluid starts to flow. The study of the validation and the good response of the developed model are achieved by a comparative study between the existing model of Herschel-Bulkley and the measuring of velocity fields. In the case of studied geometry “coaxial disks”, the PIV experimental measuring allows us to identify the existence of two distinct layers when the fluid flows. Indeed, we have observed that the first layer is near to the rotating disc where the fluid is motionless and takes the form of a cone which corresponds to a region near the bottom of the cylinder. The use of commercial CFD code Star-CD has enabled us to highlight the limitations of the model of Herschel-Bulkley in relation to the experimental results. These results were used as reference for comparison with the model of dual kinetic behaviour developed in this work. It was shown that the behaviour of the latter model presents a better matching with the actual behaviour of the flowing suspension although some problems still remain
Bey, Romain. "Etude par modélisation moléculaire de la thermodynamique des interfaces et des lignes de contact en milieu confiné." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY081/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we use molecular simulation tools to characterize the thermodynamic properties of fluids confined in nanometric solids. While at the macroscopic scale, the free energy of fluids in contact with a solid is described by pressures and surface tensions, respectively free energies per unit volume and per unit area, at the molecular scale, additional parameters are needed. One of them is the free energy per unit length of the triple line, the line tension. Its values and the methodologies used to measure it are controversial.The thermodynamics of interfaces and lines can be theoretically studied with molecular simulation tools. To extract the surface and line tensions from a simulated molecular trajectory, various statistical methodologies are available. In particular, we here use the mechanical methodology, which consists in measuring the stresses related to the quasistatic spreading of a fluid on a solid.In the first part, we study the microscopic expression of wetting stresses at a planar solid-fuid interface. When a laterally homogeneous solid is considered, the virial theorem applied to an infinite fluid film without consideration of the limit between wet and dry surfaces provides the forces related to the film extension on a dry solid. In the case of a laterally heterogeneous solid, this methodology neglects forces that are concentrated at the triple line. By comparing the surface tensions measured with different methodologies, we show that the neglected terms may induce important errors in the case of rough surfaces.In the second part, we focus on laterally homogeneous solids. We develop a methodology to measure the free energy and the line tension of a confined fluid-fluid interface using fluid mechanical stresses. We simulate Van der Waals fluids and water in liquid-vapor equilibrium confined in different solids. The concept of line tension appears robust down to confinements of a few molecular diameters, and its value consistent with various theoretical approaches, thus solving paradoxical results from the literature.In the last part, we apply the mechanical methodology to study the equilibrium of two fluid species in confinement, one liquid and the other gaseous. We simulate Van der Waals solvents and solutes, and water with carbon dioxide. Various adsorptions at the surfaces and the triple line are observed, strongly impacting the free energy of the confined liquid-gas interface. Finally the adsorption-induced variation of the line tension can be modelled by a unidimensional equivalent of the Gibbs isotherm
Chabot, Christian. "Analyse numérique du changement de phase solide-liquide autour d'un tube horizontal soumis à une sollicitation thermique périodique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26949.
Full textThis master thesis presents a mathematical and numerical model to analyze the behavior of a latent solid-liquid heat storage unit represented by a tube surrounded by phase change material. The system is undergoing an oscillating load of heating and cooling. A scale analysis predicts the behavior of the system with regard to the main governing dimensionless numbers. A normalized parameter is proposed to delineate designs in which conduction dominates compared to those in which natural convection dominates. The study reveals the impact of major thermal storage unit design parameters on its operation and deepens our knowledge in the field of phase change with natural convection. Various indicators, such as the size of the thermally affected zone around the tube, the molten or solidified volume and a frequency analysis, have been developed to analyze the system performance. Correlations are proposed to easily determine the system behavior.
Hdach, Haddou. "Interaction liquide - solide dans les gels de silice : effet de la température." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20229.
Full textGodard, Marguerite. "Modélisation des interactions chimiques liquide/solide : application à la circulation des magmas mantelliques." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20146.
Full textDelmas, Karine. "Étude du comportement des bruits paraffiniques dans les conditions de l'offshore profond." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL055N.
Full textSIMON, SANDRA. "Etude d'un chenal d'oxydation par des approches globales et locales : hydrodynamique et transfert de matiere." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0023.
Full textDallaire, Jonathan. "Modélisation des changements de phase solide-liquide : effet de la variation de la densité avec la phase et du couplage thermomécanique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27716.
Full textPhase change materials (PCM) are commonly used in a vast range of engineering applications in which they can serve, for example, as a way of storing thermal energy in the form of latent energy. Solid-liquid phase change has been the subject of many studies in the past decades both experimentally and numerically. Due to the different ways in which matter is organized at the molecular level, the physical properties of the solid and liquid phases are different. In particular, the density variations during phase change leads to volume variations, i.e., the PCM will either expand or shrink, depending on the relative density of each phase. In most studies, however, volume variations during solid-liquid phase change were deemed negligible and were not taken into account. The additional complexity and the challenges associated with the mathematical and numerical modeling of solid-liquid phase change with variable density are such that only a handful of studies on the topic may be found in literature, especially in the case where the PCM interacts with its physical boundaries (thermo-mechanical coupling). The goal of this thesis is therefore to contribute to the state of the art in terms of mathematical and numerical modeling of solid-liquid phase change when both density variations and thermo-mechanical coupling between the PCM and its container are taken into account. First, a new set of conservation equations is derived for solid-liquid phase change with different properties for each phase, especially the density. By representing the mushy region of the PCM as a porous medium (similarly to the well-known enthalpy-porosity model), macroscopic average conservation equations are developed by applying a method of volume averaging to the exact conservation equations for the solid and liquid phases at the pore level. The choice of the assumption regarding the velocity of the solid phase within the mushy region (stationary or moving) is achieved by the use of a single numerical parameter. Numerical simulations of a 1D solidification problem were performed with a finite volume code on Matlab to outline the differences between the new model and the existing enthalpy-porosity model. Then, the mathematical model developed in the first part of this thesis was extended in order to account for the interaction of the PCM with its physical boundaries. Two new models for the thermo-mechanical coupling were introduced. In the first model, it was assumed that the PCM expansion was constrained by an elastic wall and that the pressure rise within the PCM followed a modified Hooke’s law. In the second model, an air gap was introduced on top of the PCM in order to allow the latter to expand more easily. Analytical correlations were derived to predict relevant physical quantities at equilibrium, such as the pressure rise within the system, the melting temperature, the height of the PCM slab, etc. The finite volume code developed during the first part of this work was extended with a moving mesh technique to accommodate the volume variations of the PCM. The problem studied was the solidification of a 1D PCM slab of finite height. The numerical results were compared against the analytical predictions at equilibrium and showed good agreement. Finally, the elastic wall model introduced in the previous part of the thesis was applied to the problem of solidification of water near its density extremum in a 2D cavity with natural convection. The complete model was implemented in commercial software package (Fluent). A new methodology was developed in order to improve the capabilities of the software and the thermo-mechanical coupling was achieved with the help of a set of User-Defined Functions (UDF). The effect of the confinement of water as it solidifies inside the cavity was studied by varying the stiffness of the elastic wall. It was shown that the pressure rise resulting from the thermo-mechanical coupling significantly influences the flow pattern and the solidification rate of the PCM.
Morel, Christophe. "Modélisation multidimensionnelle des écoulements diphasiques gaz - liquide : application à la simulation des écoulements à bulles ascendants en conduite verticale." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0543.
Full textCournède, Paul-Henry. "Un schéma bilagrange plus projection pour la simulation bifluide des instabilités de mélange." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0732.
Full textLochon, Hippolyte. "Modélisation et simulation d'écoulements transitoires eau-vapeur en approche bifluide." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4726/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the modelling and the computation of steam-water two-phase flows. Liquid water flows are involved in many industrial facilities and a second phase may appear in some transients situations. Thus, pressure wave propagation and mass transfer are physical phenomena that need to be properly included in the modelling of such two-phase flows. A statistical two-fluid approach is used, leading to models similar to the Baer-Nunziato one. They include both convective and source terms without any assumption on the equilibrium between phases. Different closure laws for such models are compared on steam-water transient experiments including water-hammers and fast depressurization of liquid water. The computation of the different models is based on a fractional step method. A new convective scheme, able to deal with any Equation Of State, is used in the first step of the method. When compared with other schemes, it appears to be accurate, efficient and very robust. The second step of the method is dedicated to the treatment of source terms and requires several implicit schemes. Particular attention is paid to the verification of every scheme involved in the method. Convergence studies are carried out on test-cases with analytical solutions to that purpose. Based on existing work on fast depressurization of liquid water in an homogeneous approach, a new formulation of the mass transfer is proposed. Many comparisons between computational and experimental results are detailled in order to validate the models
Tachon, Loïc. "Développement d'outils numériques et expérimentaux dédiés à l'étude de l'évaporation en présence de ligne triple." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10027/document.
Full textThe tasks fulfilled during this study aim at providing tools for understanding the mechanisms of liquid film evaporation. Evaporation in the presence of a triple lines is ruled by physical mechanisms acting on these singularities as well as on the gas liquid interfaces. Thus, the interface description, under it numerical as experimental aspects, is a key point of this study. A numerical tridimentionnal sharp interface tracking tool has been developed to be used in further numerical simulation of the evaporation problem. In this algorithm, the interface is described as a quadratic grid surface. Its convergence orders relatively to geometrical parameters of the interface (curvature, normal, position) has been studied.In the mean time, an experimental optical inversion technique has been developed and validated. It allows a dynamic measurement of the interface shape in the vicinity of the triple line of highly wetting fluid. This method has been applied to the case of a quasi axisymetric evaporating film and provides a first quantification of the heat and mass transfers generated by the triple line region
Bai, Hongjuan. "Bio-colloidal transfer in saturated and unsaturated porous media : influence of the physical heterogeneity of the porous medium and cell properties on bacteria transport and deposition mechanisms." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2336/document.
Full textThe investigation of the transport and retention of bacteria in porous media has a great practical importance in environmental applications, such as protection of the surface and groundwater supplies from contamination, risk assessment from microorganisms in groundwater, and soil bioremediation. The aim of this study is to gain a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms that control bacteria transport and deposition in saturated and unsaturated porous media. Laboratory tracer and bacteria transport experiments at Darcy scale were performed in three porous media with distinct pore size distribution in order to investigate and quantify water and bacteria transport process under steady state flow conditions. A conservative solute was used as water tracer to characterize water flow pathways through porous media. A gram negative, motile Escherichia coli, a gram negative, non-motile Klebsiella sp. and a gram positive, non-motile R. rhodochrous were selected for the transport experiments. Characterization of cell properties (such as cell size and shape, zeta potential, motility and hydrophobicity) was performed for each strain. Numerical simulations with HYDRUS-1D code were performed to characterize water flow and to estimate bacteria transport and deposition parameters. The later were explored to identify bacteria flow patterns and physicochemical or physical mechanisms involved in bacteria deposition. To provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved on bacteria transport and deposition, pore scale experiments were carried out by using microfluidic devices, designed for this purpose. The information obtained from laboratory experiments and numerical modeling was improved by theoretical calculation of different interactions between bacteria and porous media at air/water/solid interfaces. DLVO and non-DLVO interactions such as hydrophobic, steric, capillary and hydrodynamic forces involved in bacteria deposition were considered to describe bacteria-interface interactions in order to identify their relative impact on physicochemical and physical deposition of bacteria. Results obtained through both laboratory experiments and numerical simulationsoutlined non-uniform flow pathways, which were dependent on both grain/pore size as well as pore size distribution of the porous media. For a given porous medium, water flow patterns became more non-uniform and dispersive with decreasing water saturation due to the presence of air phase, which lead to an increase of the tortuosity of the flow pathways under unsaturated conditions. Bacteria transport pathways were different from the tracer transport, due to size exclusion of bacteria from smaller pore spaces and bacteria motility. Bacteria deposition was greatly influenced by pore network geometry, cell properties and water saturation degree. Both physical straining and physicochemical attachment should be taken into account to well describe bacteria deposition, but their importance on bacteria deposition is closely linked to porous media and cell properties. The results obtained in this work highlighted the simultaneous role of cell properties, pore size distribution and hydrodynamics of the porous media on bacteria transport and deposition mechanisms. The calculation of DLVO and non-DLVO interactions showed that bacteria deposition in saturated and unsaturated porous media was influenced by both kinds of interactions
Verhaegen, Julien. "Modélisation multiphasique d'écoulements et de phénomènes de dispersion issus d'explosion." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10028/document.
Full textThis work focuses on modeling the formation and the dispersion of a cloud of droplets, induced by ejection of a liquid, resulting from an external aggression or an accidental situation. The goal is to build a model able to reproduce simultaneously the conditions which generate the cloud formation and the cloud evolution in time (dispersion). The main difficulty lies in the differences between the already existing models adapted to the description of flows which are able to characterize each stage of the global phenomenon: initially a multiphase flow model with compressible phases (Continuum), then the atomization and the formation of a cloud of droplets dispersed in a carrier phase (dilute flow model). We propose a new approach to achieve an effective coupling between these two models. The problem of the formation and the dispersion of the liquid requires to take into account several physical phenomena: atomization, heat and mass transfers and drag between phases. These phenomena are included in the global model through interaction terms involved in the systems of equations. The construction of this model has permited the realization of calculations describing the formation and dispersion of a cloud of droplets which may occur during, for axample, in accidental situations at industrial sites
He, Zheng. "Quelques contributions à la modélisation micromécanique de l’argilite du Callovo-Oxfordien." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10166/document.
Full textThis work focuses on the development of micromechanical modeling tools to study the behavior of the Callovo-Oxfordian argillite. This geomaterial is modeled as a porous heterogeneous medium at three distinct spatial scales. The microscopic scale reveals the heterogeneity of the clay phase on which the morphological model synthesized as a porous polycrystal was based. Numerical predictions of the elastoplastic and transversely isotropic clay phase considering mechanical interactions between the crystals are performed by using an incremental approach. Then, a poroelastic model for saturated granular materials with imperfect interface effects is proposed. On the basis of this poroelastic model and the nonlinear homogenization, we showcase the impact of the cohesive Mohr-Coulomb imperfect interfaces on the strength criterion of granular geomaterials. Finally, we propose a complete model for the prediction of the strength of Callovo-Oxfordian argillite under the assumption that the clay matrix is a porous material with the solid phase described by a perfectly plastic Drucker-Prager criterion. It is important to note that the explored failure mechanism includes the possibility of a strain concentration at the (rigid) inclusion-matrix interface. This model is analyzed in detail and its predictions appear quite convincing
Quan, Haiqin. "Etude théorique et expérimentale des micro-lits fluidisés : hydrodynamique et modélisation numérique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0027/document.
Full textMicro-fluidized bed (MFB) exhibits great advantages such as a large specific contact surface, a fast dissipation of heat (ideal for exothermic reactions) and better mass and heat transfers, but suffers from difficulties in precise control and shows strong frictional wall effect. Present study was conducted experimentally and numerically to understand fundamental hydrodynamics in MFBs. Experimental work was carried out in four MFBs of 20-4 mm compared to two relatively large beds of 100-50 mm using three types of particles (B347: 347 μm, 2475 kg/m3; B105: 105 μm, 8102 kg/m3; A63: 63.8μm, 2437 kg/m3). The ratio of static bed height (Hs) to bed diameter (Dt) was set between 1-4. Mechanical vibration was applied to the 4 mm bed. A new method for flow regimes diagnosis was developed based on pressure fluctuation analyses, which mainly include calculating the standard deviation, autocorrelation function, probability density function, power spectral density function and time-frequency analysis. Numerical simulations were performed under Eulerian-Eulerian framework in 2D. Six flow regimes were identified: fixed bed, bubbling, bubbling/slugging, slugging, slugging/turbulent and bubbling/turbulent. Partial fluidization is encountered at Hs/Dt=1-2 while slugging prevails quickly after minimum fluidization at Hs/Dt=3-4. In the 4 mm bed, fluidization of B347 particles show better fluidization quality, while an increase in Umf is observed for B105 and A63 particles. Mechanical vibration reduces partial fluidization, thus resulting in larger ΔP and smaller Umf. A larger Umb and a delayed Uc were obtained as well. Results by simulations agree reasonably well with experimental data
Schmitt, Vivien. "Investigation expérimentale et numérique d'un ouvrage de séparation particulaire en assainissement." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAD023/document.
Full textThe installation of hydraulic structures to separate particles is a key element to improve the quality of water bodies. This PhD work focus on the study of a hydrodynamic separator used to capture large wastes before their discharge into the see. Tangential separation mechanism along a screen is used in this device. The first part of the work consists in studying the hydraulic behavior and the clogging effectiveness of the device with laboratory experiments. A CFD multiscale approach was developed in this work to optimize the shape of the screen in order to avoid clogging. This method, validated against experimental data, allows us to predict that expanded metal stripes are useful to develop turbulence and pressure gradients upstream the screen. This hydrodynamic phenomenon favor particles and pollutants ejection near the apertures. The last part of the work was to study the hydrodynamic behavior and the real efficiency with in situ experiments
Jung, Jonathan. "Schémas numériques adaptés aux accélérateurs multicoeurs pour les écoulements bifluides." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00876159.
Full textBelhadef, Abdelhak. "Contribution à la modélisation Eulérienne de l'atomisation pour la pulvérisation agricole." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00663344.
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