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1
Thawabteh, Mohammad Ahmad. "The Translatability of Interjections: A Case Study of Arabic-English Subtitling." Meta 55, no. 3 (December 9, 2010): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/045067ar.
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This paper examines the translatability of Arabic interjections into English subtitling, illustrated with a subtitled Egyptian film, State Security subtitled by Arab Radio and Television (ART). Theoretical framework regarding both Audiovisual Translation (AVT) and interjections is first discussed. The significance of interjections is approached from the perspective of technical and translation paradigms. The study shows that although technical issues limit the subtitler’s choices, they have very little to do with translating interjections because they are typically short words. With regard to translation, the study shows that the subtitler may opt for three major translation strategies: 1) an avoidance of source language (SL) interjection whereby a SL interjectional utterance is translated into a target language (TL) interjection-free utterance; 2) a retention of SL interjection in which SL interjection is rendered into a TL interjection; and 3) an addition of interjection whereby SL interjection-free utterance is translated into a TL interjection.
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Wahid, Muhammad Izzul, and Achmad Basari. "Techniques of Translating Interjection in the Novel “Looking For Alaska” in Terms of Functions, Meanings, and Categories." E-Structural 3, no. 01 (August 30, 2020): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/es.v3i01.3854.
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The objective of this research is to find out the functions, meanings, and categories of interjections, and the translation technique practiced by the Indonesian translator to translate English interjection found in the novel Looking for Alaska or Mencari Alaska in Indonesian. This research is adopting a descriptive qualitative, with the novel of Looking for Alaska and Mencari Alaska as the primary source of the data. Since the data collection of interjections is found in the book, it can be classified as content analysis. The researchers found out that there are six translation techniques used by the translators to translate interjections, six kinds of interjections in terms of functions and meanings, and three kinds of interjections in terms of categories found in the novel. Those six translation techniques are 164 interjections (41,21%) for literal translation technique, 49 interjections (12,31%) for translation by using an interjection with similar meaning and form technique, 61 interjection (15,33%) for translation by using an interjection with different forms, but the same meaning, 11 interjections (2,76%) for partly deleted omission technique, 9 interjections (2,26%) for total deleted omission technique, 8 interjections (2,01%) for addition technique, 58 interjections (10,80%) for pure borrowing technique, and 53 interjections (13,32%) for naturalized borrowing technique. From the research finding of the interjection regarding functions and meanings, there is a total of 419 types of English interjections where the researchers divided into six classes. Those types of function are: 5 (1,19%) data of interjection are used to greet, 35 (8,35%) data of interjection are used to express joy, 57 (13,37%) data of interjection are used to get attention, 169 (40,33) data of interjection are used to express approval, 120 (28,64%) data of interjection are used to express a surprise, and 34 (8,11) data of interjection used to express sorrow. Then from the research finding of interjection regarding category, there is a total of 419 data of English interjections where the researchers divided into three classes, those classes are 72 (17,18%) data of primary interjection, 336 (80,19%) data of secondary, and 11 (2,63%) data of onomatopoeic interjection. The findings of this study show that the translation techniques mostly used by the translators to translate an English interjection is translation by literal translation and translation by borrowing technique. In contrast, the least used translation technique is the addition technique that the translators rarely used it to translate the interjection.Keywords: Interjection, Interjection Translation, Looking for Alaska, Mencari Alaska, Translation Technique.
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Dinata, I. Kadek Aditya, I. Gusti Agung Sri Rwa Jayantini, and I. Wayan Juniartha. "English Interjections and Their Translation in The Subtitles of My Little Pony Movie." Journal of Language and Applied Linguistics 4, no. 2 (July 30, 2023): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/traverse.v4i2.89.
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The study focused on identifying the functions of interjections and translation strategies of interjections were found in the subtitle of My Little Pony movie. The data were collected by observation method and analyzed in descriptive qualitative method. The research used two theories, namely the categories of interjections proposed by Ameka (1992) and translation strategies of interjections proposed by Cuenca (2006). It is found that four functions of interjections applied, there are, 26 data of emotive interjection, 2 data of cognitive interjection, 14 data of conative interjection, and 7 data of phatic interjection. Furthermore, there were five translation strategies of interjections found in this research. There were 28 data of literal translation, 3 data of translation by using an interjection with different form but expressing the same meaning, 4 data of translation by an interjection with different meaning, 12 data of omission strategies, and 2 data of addition strategies. Literal translation was the most frequent strategy applied because the translator transferred the message from the source language into target language with the same meaning or expression and did not change the form of interjection.
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Du, Xian. "Interjections and interjection complexes in the plays of A.N. Ostrovsky." Neophilology, no. 4 (2023): 749–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2023-9-4-749-759.
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An analysis of the use of interjections and interjection complexes in the plays of A.N. Ostrovsky was carried out, whose 200th birthday is celebrated all over the world this year. The playwright’s works significantly changed the Russian theater; ordinary people, representatives of the merchant class and the lower social classes appeared on the stage. They spoke the folk language, in which dialectisms, vernacular units, proverbs, sayings, and phraseological units were widely used. There important component of folk speech are interjections. They represent a complex part of speech with contradictory lexical-semantic and grammatical properties. Among them there are units with non-standard phonetic composition. Attempts to convey such interjections by means of the alphabet lead to the use of traditional notation, which very approximately reflects their real sound appearance (ugh), which becomes the cause of ethnospecific forms of transmission of such physical phonations in different languages, and this causes difficulties in their translation. At the same time, it is hardly worth talking about a special phonetic system of interjections, since the overwhelming majority of primary units (well, ah, ah, ba, wow, alas, and many others) consist of standard phonemes of the language, and their prosody generally corresponds to the prosodic characteristics vocatives and other lingual units. Interjections are widely represented in the texts of A.N. Ostrovsky’s plays. A significant place in the speech of the characters is occupied by primary interjections, with the help of which the author reflects the diversity of feelings and experiences of the characters. Among the most frequent words in plays by A.N. Ostrovsky includes interjections, well, ah. In almost all works there are also primary interjections oh, eh, hey, etc. Secondary interjections in the plays of A.N. Ostrovsky is mainly represented by the interjectivated words God, God, Lord, used both independently and as part of interjectional constructions (God bless, God be with you, etc.). In many cases, it is not easy to draw a line between interjection and religious use of these units in the speech of characters.
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Stijovic, Rada, Ivana Lazic-Konjik, and Marina Spasojevic. "Interjections in the contemporary Serbian language: Classification and lexicographic treatment." Juznoslovenski filolog 75, no. 1 (2019): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi1901037s.
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This paper analyzes interjections based on the material from the SASA Dictionary, as well as from the six-volume and one-volume Serbian dictionaries of Matica Srpska. Moreover, we looked into their grammatical description and classification in Serbian literature. Based on the voluminous excerpted material (over 1000 interjections and words functioning as interjections), we refined the classification by adding new types of interjections. The said addition is founded upon the concept of language functions by Roman Jakobson. In our classification, apart from the expressive, imperative and onomatopoeic interjections, they can also be communicative (singled out of the imperative ones) (e.g. ej, alo, oj), poetic-folk (e.g. op, opa, salaj; asa, kasa) and metalinguistic (e.g. bla-bla, su-su). All of these types are further categorized into subtypes. Expressive interjections now include a subgroup of gradual/intensifying interjections (e.g. ihaj, uha), and communicative ones contain a subtype used in communication with children - when putting them to sleep, using baby talk, etc. (e.g. nina-nana, nuna). In the paper we recommend the following models of defining interjections: for expressive interjections: (interj./interjection) ?for expressing / declaring / emphasizing? + N in gen. (denoting a feeling, affective state, mood, emotional or sensory reaction to the outside world, attitude, etc.); for communicative interjections: (interj./ interjection) ?for + verbal N in acc.? (calling somebody and responding to the call, addressing, maintaining communication, baby talk); for imperative interjections: (interj./ interjection) ?used + V? (to lure, urge, drive, spur, call (mostly animals)) or: (interj./ interjection) ?for + verbal N in acc.? (driving, luring, spurring (mostly animals)); for onomatopoeic interjections: (interj./interjection) ?for imitating (more rarely mimicking) + N in gen.? or ?used for imitating? + N in nom.? (used for naming the auditive phenomenon that is imitated); for metalinguistic interjections, the models of definitions recommended for onomatopoeias can be applied; for poetic-folk interjections a descriptive definition is used: ?without specific meaning (in song refrains, often for metrical purposes; in games, chants, riddles, incantations, curses, etc.)?.
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Andrason, Alexander, and D. Allen Hutchison. "Interjections in Biblical Aramaic: A Radial Model." Aramaic Studies 18, no. 1 (May 8, 2020): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455227-bja10003.
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Abstract This article examines the lexical class of interjections in Biblical Aramaic through the framework of an interjectional prototype and its functional (semantic and pragmatic) and formal (phonetic, morphological, and syntactic) characteristics. The authors analyse eight interjectional lexemes or constructional patterns, attested in twenty-four uses, for their compliance to the canonical prototype. The evidence reveals significant variation in the interjections’ canonicity: high canonicity in primary interjections, semi-canonicity in nearly primary interjections, and low canonicity in secondary interjections.
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Temnikov, Nikita, and Alexandra Yakovleva. "Translation strategies for rendering interjections from Dutch into Russian in translation of comics." Scandinavian Philology 21, no. 2 (2023): 297–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2023.207.
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The growing popularity of online communication, where participants increasingly convey their feelings and emotions using minimal characters, has significantly increased the role of interjections in modern language. This research is based on the translation into Russian of the comic book Het Amusement by the Flemish author Brecht Evens (translated by E. Tortsyna). In the comics, the use of interjections, alongside graphic techniques, plays an extremely important role. When rendering interjections, the translator relies primarily on the context. The translation strategy is connected with the search for a word or expression, which will preserve the semantic, stylistic and functional-communicative information contained in the original. The language of the comic book under study demonstrates the features of the southern variant of colloquial Dutch (tussentaal, ‘intermediate language’), first of all, at the level of interjections, which in the southern variant differ from the “northern” ones. The results of the study consist in a systematised review of the ways of rendering Dutch interjections into Russian, with an important role given to the functional-semantic characteristics of these lexical units. Both primary and secondary interjections are of particular interest when studying the problem of interjection translation, as in some cases, the internal form of a secondary interjection in the original does not coincide with the internal form of an interjection chosen by the translator. The omission of an interjection is also an interesting technique, where there is a redistribution of the expressive nuances of an original interjection among elements of the utterance in the translated text.
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Díaz Pérez, Francisco Javier. "Translation of interjections and subtitling: a study based on the BETA corpus of TV series and film subtitles." TRANS: Revista de Traductología, no. 27 (December 28, 2023): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/trt.27.2023.15552.
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Interjections, often considered minor and peripheral linguistic elements, have been disregarded in both linguistic and translation-studies research. The main aim of this study, in this sense, is to analyse the translation of three primary and three secondary interjections in a parallel English-Spanish corpus of subtitles. More specifically, the interjections under study were ah, wow, ugh, God, damn, and shit, and the corpus used was the BETA corpus. Four main translation solutions have been identified: literal translation, translation by an interjection with a different form, translation by a textual fragment which contains no interjection, and omission. The results of the study indicate that the most frequent translation solution in the whole corpus has been omission, followed by the translation by a different interjection. In a more fine-grained analysis, the two variables analysed, namely type of interjection and specific interjection, have been found to condition the choice of translation solution.
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Surjadi, Edgina Vivien, and Bayu Aryanto. "Interjection by Commentators in Identity V E-Sports Tournament." Japanese Research on Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 4, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jr.v4i2.6108.
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The aim of this research is to describe the functions of interjections spoken by two commentators called jikkyousha and kaisetsusha in Identity V e-sports tournament with a pragmatic approach. A qualitative descriptive method was used in this research. Interjections were analyzed using Namatame Yasu and Masuoka-Takubo’s interjection theory. The results show 12 functions of interjections: facing a new situation, expressing deep feelings for something, politely affirming what interlocutors said, agreeing, disagreeing, approval, attention, surprise, recalled, expressions of thought, taking back what the speaker said, and greeting. Expression of facing a new situation is the most spoken interjection.
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Hofstede, Gerard. "De Interjectie als Illocutionaire Handeling." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 61 (January 1, 1999): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.61.11hof.
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The purpose of this paper is to give an answer to the question if an illocutionary act can be performed with an interjection. Therefore a method of analysis was designed which consists of four elements viz.: determining the communicative function, defining the semantic content, recovering the propositional content and classifying the interjections in the taxonomy of illocutionary acts. Interjections taken from everyday conversations were analysed and the results show that with every interjection uttered, an illoctionary act was performed. These results contradict the commonly held view that interjections are not real words, but merely sounds to give expression to our feelings.
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Andrason, Alexander, and Mawande Dlali. "The (crucial yet neglected) category of interjections in Xhosa." STUF - Language Typology and Universals 73, no. 2 (August 27, 2020): 159–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2020-2001.
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AbstractThe present paper analyzes the category of interjections in Xhosa within a prototype approach. The evidence demonstrates the robustness and internal complexity of the interjectional category. Interjections ranges from canonical and asystematic to non-canonical and (relatively) systematic, with emotive primary interjections entertaining the highest extent of interjectionality and asystematicity.
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Masiola, Rosanna. "Interjectional issues in translation." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 62, no. 2 (August 10, 2016): 300–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.62.2.07mas.
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This paper is trans-cultural approach to the analysis of interjectional and translational issues. ‘Interjection’ is here intended as an umbrella term extended to a range of emotional utterances along a continuum of primary exclamatory remarks (oh, ah), expletives, greetings, and blessings Interjections, however, may feature either as culture-specific items or be universal and international. The present corpus includes a thematic-based selection including written literature, drama, film adaptation, cartoons and sacred texts. The framework of analysis is thematization within a cross-cultural interface.
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Nabila, Kafa Bella, and Ouda Teda Ena. "The analysis of interjections types and emotional state used in “Sam & Cat” sitcom." Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies 11, no. 2 (October 31, 2022): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v11i2.55333.
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Interjections in an everyday speech frequently serve as pragmatic markers, initiating utterances and connecting them to the preceding interaction. Interjections can happen in three different types: primary emotive interjections, primary cognitive interjections, and secondary volitive interference. Thus, the present study aims at analyzing the interjection types and emotional state in the “Sam & Cat” sitcom. This research focused more on 5 episodes in this sitcom. This qualitative research is conducted by observing and analyzing the conversation between two main characters in the sitcom. Using the theory that discuss those three types of interjections and twenty one emotion states, the researchers discovered some results. According to the data, the most common use is primary emotive interjections that appeared 50 times. Continued with primary cognitive interjections that appeared 33 times and secondary volitive interjections that use 26 times. Furthermore, there are three emotional states with the same amount: imitation, contempt, and enthusiasm. These emotional states express the main character's situation that appears 14 times. However, triumph and wonder are two emotional states that have not appeared in those 5 episodes.
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Andrason, Alexander, Anne-Maria Fehn, and Admire Phiri. "Interjections in Tjwao." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 83, no. 2 (June 2020): 293–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x20002608.
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AbstractThe present paper provides a systematic description of interjections in a moribund Eastern Kalahari Khoe language – Tjwao. After analysing original evidence within a prototype-driven approach, the authors conclude the following: (a) in Tjwao, the interjectional lexical class constitutes an internally diverse category confined between the canonical centre and a non-prototypical periphery; and (b) primary emotive interjections exhibit the highest degree of canonicity and extra-systematicity, while the canonicity and extra-systematicity of secondary phatic interjections is lowest.
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Cruz, Manuel Padilla. "Towards an Alternative Relevance-Theoretic Approach to Interjections." International Review of Pragmatics 1, no. 1 (2009): 182–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187731009x455884.
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AbstractThe current relevance-theoretic approach to interjections (Wharton 2000, 2001, 2003) analyses these as procedural elements that contribute to the recovery of the higher-level explicatures of utterances. is analysis seems to work satisfactorily for those emotive/expressive interjections accompanying another proposition or appended to another utterance. However, it does not seem to apply to interjections occurring alone, as independent utterances, and to the so-called type of conative/volitive interjections. For this reason, based on previous work on interjections and some relevance-theoretic postulates, this paper seeks to suggest a more general procedural analysis of interjections, according to which the procedures they encode would not lead hearers to construct higher-level explicatures, but to access contextual material that is necessary for the correct interpretation of interjectional utterances. As a result of such procedural meaning, interjections can be used with a rather precise informative intention, can be taken to communicate propositions and result in cognitive effects.
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Nate, Richard. "The interjection as a grammatical category in John Wilkins’ philosophical language." Historiographia Linguistica 23, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1996): 89–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.23.1-2.05nat.
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Summary Considering the fact that John Wilkins (1614–1672) constructed his artificial language as a mirror of reality, which should be based on logical principles, the incorporation of the interjection into his Natural Grammar seems surprising. It is probable that Wilkins kept the interjection as a grammatical category because it belonged to the fixed canon of the eight parts of speech in traditional Latin grammars. Moreover, interjections were conceived of as immediate, i.e., natural, expressions of feelings and were held to be universal. Wilkins’ description of interjections shows that he is aware of their pragmatic functions. His classification is based on communicative principles. In constructing his artificial writing system, however, Wilkins adheres to his rationalistic position and transforms the interjections into purely referential signs. Thus, his grammatical analysis reveals insights into the pragmatic functions of language for which there was no room in an artificial language based on logical principles.
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Mulyani, Restria, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "Interjeksi Emotif dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Simeulue." Aksara 34, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.29255/aksara.v34i2.520.264--271.
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Emotional Interjection expresses inner feelings, shock, emotion, anger or sadness. This type of interjection is different from cognitive and volitive interjection. This study aims to reveal the form and meaning of emotive interjection in Indonesian and Simeulue. This research is a qualitative descriptive study and at the data collection stage the method used is the listening method which are classified according to their form and meaning of emotional interjections. Forms of emotive interjection in Indonesian, namely: amboi, aduh, bah, sialan, cis, idih, buset, lho, wah, yaa, and oh. In Simeulue, the form of interjection is: atangma'a, bere, mantarafak, silaki, sanando, lohek, ilayeng, tereben, injee, bahaindo, and owe. This study found a group of meanings for emotive interjection, which was further divided into shocked or astonished, painful or sad interconnections, disliked and disgusted interactions, disillusioned or frustrated interjections, disliked and disgusted interactions, and shocked injections. These are found 2 interjections surprised or amazed, 3 interjections disappointment or resentment. AbstrakInterjeksi emotif mengungkapkan perasaan batin, kaget, terharu, marah, atau sedih.Tipe interjeksi ini berbeda dengan interjeksi kognitif dan volitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk dan makna interjeksi emotif di dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Simeulue. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan pada tahap pengumpulan data metode yang dilakukan adalah metode simak yang disertai dengan teknik catat yang kemudian diklasifikan sesuai dengan bentuk dan maknanya. Bentuk interjeksi emotif di dalam bahasa Indonesia,yaitu amboi, aduh, bah, sialan, cis, idih, buset, lho, wah, yaa, dan oh. Dalam bahasa Simeulue bentuk interjeksi, yaitu atangma’a, bere, mantarafak, silaki, sanando, lohek, ilayeng, tereben, injee, bahaindo, dan owe. Penelitian ini menemukan kelompok makna untuk interjeksi emotif, yang terbagi lagi menjadi interjeksi terkejut atau takjub, interjeksi sakit atau sedih, interjeksi tidak suka dan muak, interjeksi kekecewaan atau kekesalan, interjeksi tidak suka dan jijik, interjeksi kaget dan terpukul, interjeksi keheranan. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan dua interjeksi terkejut atau takjub dan tiga interjeksi kekecewaan atau kekesalan.
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SLIPETSKA, Vira. "INTERJECTION AS A MEANS OF VERBALIZATION OF NEGATIVE EMOTIONS IN MODERN ENGLISH PUBLICISTIC TEXTS." Проблеми гуманітарних наук Серія Філологія, no. 57 (July 4, 2024): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2522-4565.2023.57.1.
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Summary. The article focuses on the analysis of monosyllabic interjections as a means of verbalizing negative emotions in modern English-language publicistic texts. Monosyllabic interjections are represented as expressions of the emotional sphere of a human life in modern English publicistic texts. An interjection is defined as a part of speech that does not have an unambiguous interpretation. The Swiss scholar Sh. Bally attributed interjections to exclamatory speech acts and believed that they cannot be called words, since interjections are completely devoid of a mental, logical content. In Ukrainian linguistics, L. Matsko did a detailed research on interjections, who noted that interjections and exclamatory expressions, which include cursings, are informative language units only because they are indicators of an emotional state of a speaker, his attitude to the interlocutor, object or situation speech, its assessments, the essence of an emotional state itself, the content (cause) of the attitude can be revealed only with the help of the semantics of other linguistic units. V. Slipetska singled out the specifics of interaction of interjections with other parts of speech, which is represented in the actualization of relevant alternations, the transition of other parts of speech into interjections due to the loss of relevant lexical meanings and actualization of certain pragmatic information. The nature of meaning of interjections is not focused on semantics, but in pragmatics, the corresponding pragmatic content. In our research three groups of interjections have been singled out depending on their main functional and semantic characteristics: 1) emotions and emotional assessment; 2) verbalization, manifestation of a speaker's will; 3) etiquette. The sample of monosyllabic interjections which verbalize negative emotions of fear, hatred has been compiled, for example: aargh, ah, aha, eek, gee, ugh, etc. Contextual analysis of expressions reveals a wide range of negative emotions and states verbalization.
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SITINJAK, VIVI NOVALIA, NENCY ANGELITA GEA, TRISMAN NDURU, WIDYA CHRISTINA HUTASOIT, and YANTHY PURBA. "INTERJECTION HE SOAYA LE...! IN NIASNESE: A NATURAL SEMANTIC METAFUNCTION APPROACH." LINGUISTICA 12, no. 2 (May 1, 2023): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jalu.v12i2.45197.
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This study explores the interjection of He Soaya le…! in Nias language using a descriptive qualitative method. Words that denote reactions or spontaneous expressions are interjections. The Nias language has an interjection that is similar to the exclamation of oh my God, namely He Soaya le...! Where this interjection is one of the quite iconic interjections in the daily conversation of the Nias people. This research aims to know the meaning of the Interjection He Soaya le...! . In this paper, researchers identify Nias interjections in the Nias language using the Natural Semantic Metafunction approach. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method, namely research that uses written and oral data sources. The data is taken from a dialogue in the comedy-drama series entitled Abunawa. Distribution and contextual methods are the methods used in this study to obtain data. From the results obtained in this study, there is one meaning of the interjection He Soaya le...! Namely shock, fear and panic, and emotional expressions that can be formed through physiological changes in humans. In Nias language, it is also expressed in two semantic aspects of its metafunction, namely emotive and cognitive aspects. From the results of this research, it is hoped that it can become a source of knowledge and understanding for other people of different ethnicities from the people of Nias and can avoid misunderstandings about a language.
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Afaunova, A. A. "Main features of inter-clothing phraseological units in the kabardino-cherkassk language." REPORTS ADYGE (CIRCASSIAN) INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 20, no. 2 (2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2020-20-2-31-37.
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In our article, we highlight the main functions of interjection phraseological units. In addition to what different experiences mean, they, like interjections, have certain distinctive features; As well as in stable phrases, in interjection phraseological units there is a single figurative meaning aimed at expressing the emotional component of the statement. The conclusions reached by the analysis: interjection phraseological units have the same functional and semantic features as interjections; in phraseological units, the linguistic, cultural, historical characteristics of the people are clearly manifested, they determine the way of thinking, way of life, character, character of a certain nation; their emotional component is demonstrated most expressively. For the first time in the article the system of the Adyghe language linguistic terms, developed by the doctor of philological sciences Bizhoev B.Ch.
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Sliepushova, Anhelina. "INTERJECTIONS AS IDIOLECT MARKERS: A CORPUS-BASED APPROACH." Studia Philologica 1, no. 14 (2020): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2020.1413.
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The article focuses on interjections that constitute idiolect of The Simpsons characters. For this purpose the subcorpora of Homer Simpson, Marge Simpson, Bart Simpson and Krusty the Clown have been analyzed by means of corpus and discourse analysis. A focus is made on wordlists and keyword lists that identify statistically the most frequent and salient words of the corpora. The results of the paper show that the most significant interjections and interjectional phrases in characters’ subcorpora are catchphrases that make their idiolect different from others. Thus, interjections not only express characters’ attitude or reaction to a situation but also reveal their personal traits.
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Surkeeva, D., E. Karabekova, and S. Ibraimova. "Emotive Expression in Text and Ways of Translation." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 11 (October 14, 2021): 437–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/72/55.
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Research relevance: there are isomorphic features of the investigated interjections in semantics, pragmatic terms and in structure. Research objectives: to reveal the emotional meaning of the Russian interjection Tsyts and the way of its translation into English and Kyrgyz languages. Research materials and methods: the authors use the method of translation and comparison of interjections in The Quiet Don by M. Sholokhov, Farewell to Gyulsary by Ch. Aitmatov and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by M. Twain literary works. Research results: the isomorphic features of the studied interjections coincide in their pragmatic characteristics, structure, meaning and nominative function. Conclusions: In the languages under consideration, by their syntactic nature, they can act as independent sentences.
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Panina, N. V. "Actualization of interjections’ potential in the English-language multimodal text (based on ‘Disney Magic Kingdom Comics’)." Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology 27, no. 1 (April 26, 2021): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2021-27-1-122-128.
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In the article the author analyzes interjections as signals of emotions in order to determine their functions in creating the perlocutionary effect of comics, which is especially relevant in the era of ever-increasing emotionalization of the global communicative space. The research is based on 'Disney Magic Kingdom Comics' anniversary collection, which presents comics created by various authors and artists, which thereby indicates the objective nature of the research. The block of empirical materials includes both interjections that autonomously form the speech acts of comic book characters, and those which pragmatic potential is revealed in combination with verbal and iconic components. The research is carried out on the basis of linguistic description methods of the qualitative-quantitative and functional-semantic characteristics of interjections. In the course of the study the author is revealed that interjections are able to participate in the formation of speech acts of comic book characters. Interjections in the imperative function represent directive speech acts. However, the most numerous and variable group is made up of interjections expressing the emotional state of the characters, which may be explained by the nature of interjections. Further on the concentration of interjections in speech balloons is recorded and it is revealed that interjections occupy 1/5 of the entire communicative space of each of the analyzed comics. Actualizing the emotional component of comics, interjections are involved in creating the maximum similarity between the formation of a speech act in a speech balloon and in live speech. Graphic tools and illustrations allow the reader to determine the intensity of the emotion transmitted by this or that interjection, and the nature of its expression. According to the results of the study, the author is found that comics, revealing the unity of narration and visual action, serve as a valid platform for actualization of the potential of interjections, which are an integral element of this type of a multimodal text.
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Afaunova (Tokova), A. A. "Variability and Difficulty in Translating Interjections (based on Russian and Kabardino-Circassian Languages)." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-3-24-37.
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The results of a comparative analysis of translated Russian texts of literary works with their original in the Kabardino-Circassian language are presented. Special attention is paid to the problems of translating interjections from one language into another. It is proved that the translator must have knowledge of the grammatical structure of the translated material and take into account the slightest semantic shades of words. Our observations revealed the features of borrowing interjections from the Russian language into Kabardian speech, which, assimilating, become part of linguistic culture. The novelty of the work is seen in the fact that in Kabardino-Circassian linguistics there are no scientific works devoted to the problems of translation of interjections. All available publications concerning this subject are literary. The relevance of the work is due to the need to improve the system of approaches to the translation of interjection units, since they are not taken into account by translators in due measure. A phonetic-morphological classification of methods for translating interjections is proposed in the article. It is proved that for an adequate and accessible translation of interjections as such, knowledge from the fields of phonetics, morphology, and semantics is most important.
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Tanesya, Agiska, and Myrna Laksman-Huntley. "Le niveau d’équivalence de l’interjection dans Spirou et Fantasio et sa traduction en Indonésien." Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 3 (2019): 00002. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.43275.
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<p class="Papertitle" style="margin-top:0in">This
article deals with the level of correspondence of the translations of French
interjections into Indonesian in the comics <font face="Cambria, serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Spirou
et Fantasio</span></font> and its translation. Using qualitative methods and literature
techniques, data were analyzed based on Leech's (1981) component analysis
theory and Williams' equivalence theory (2013). Types of shape changes were
analyzed using Catford's (1965) shift theory. The results that show more total
equivalence indicate that translators maintain correspondence and messages even
though French interjections are more varied than in Indonesian. However, the
translation equivalent of interjections in Indonesian is considered more
appropriate for the function in the context of images than in French. The
onomatopic-type interjection usually consists solely of a collection of vowels
or consonantal combinations serves to support the expressions and feelings of
the characters. This type of interjection dominates other forms of
interjection. Although the translation of onomatopoeia into Indonesian is done
only by the repetition of previous translations, the onomatopoeia that is used
has different meanings depending on the context. Compared to other comics,
genre humor Spirou and Fantasio is more likely to bring up the story in the
picture, so the interjections and simple sentences felt quite favorable to the
picture. The use of simple sentences in this comic indicates that there is no
change of form is found other than the displacement of the word class in
Indonesian translation<br></p>
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Sibatrova, Serafima Sergeevna. "ON THE THE MARI INTERJECTIONS ADDRESSING DOGS AND CATS BORROWED FROM THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 13, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2019-13-3-412-419.
Full textAbstract:
The article is concerned with one of the lexical-semantic subgroups of the Mari imperative interjections, namely the interjections addressing dogs and puppies, cats and kittens. The aim of the paper is to define vocabulary of the studied interjections and the place of the Russian borrowings among them. To achieve this goal the following tasks were outlined: searching for studied lexemes in the sources, systematization of the revealed lexemes according to their semantics (calling or repelling) and territory of their use, the etymological analysis of the studied data and quantitative calculation of the lexemes according to their origin with special attention to Russian borrowings. The research was conducted on the base of materials of modern grammars, special monographs and articles on the Mari language, lexical data of dictionaries (10 volumed dictionary, dialectical, etymological). When analysing the origin of the lexemes in question etymological and lexicographical works on Russian and Turkic languages were used. In the paper the imperative interjections addressing dogs and puppies, cats and kittens were generalized and systemized for the first time, their origin was revealed. There were established the sets of words for calling and repelling, they were made according to the main dialects of the Mari language. In the sources there were found 14 interjections for calling and repelling dogs and puppies, cats and kittens, and also for hounding dogs: 11 of them address dogs and puppies, 3 of them address cats and kittens. 7 of the revealed interjections are used for calling dogs and puppies, cats and kittens, 7 for repelling, including interjection for hounding dogs. Etymology of 8 items (or 57 %) is connected with Russian language: 6 interjections (3 supposedly) address dogs and puppies, 2 interjections address cats and kittens.
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Unuabonah, Foluke Olayinka. "“So you know ehn … ” The use of bilingual interjections in Nigerian English." Intercultural Pragmatics 17, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 151–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ip-2020-0008.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper investigates four bilingual interjections: na wa, shikena, ehn, and ehen, with the objective of exploring their sources, meanings, frequencies, spelling stability, positions, collocational patterns and discourse-pragmatic functions in Nigerian English. The data which were obtained from the Nigerian component of the Global Web-based English corpus were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, using the theory of pragmatic borrowing. The results indicate that na wa, which is loaned from Nigerian Pidgin, is actually a modified form of a Hausa expression, na wahala, shikena is borrowed from Hausa, while ehn and ehen are loaned from Yoruba. Na wa is an emotive interjection, shikena and ehen are cognitive interjections, while ehn can function both as phatic and as emotive interjections. Both ehn and ehen also function as pragmatic markers. The study thus extends research on the discourse-pragmatic features of Nigerian English.
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Jamaliddinovich, Yadgarov. "LINGUOPOETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERJECTION WORDS." ANGLISTICUM. Journal of the Association-Institute for English Language and American Studies 12, no. 11 (November 20, 2023): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.58885/ijllis.v12i11.34yj.
Full textAbstract:
Interjection words have a great role in expressing feelings, mental impulses, mental-dynamic states in the artistic text. Interjections are actively used in both poetic and prose types of speech, and can be a linguopoetic tool in both types of text, in expressing the speech in which it is part with strong emotions and in a strong tone. Uzbek writers widely use interjections to create contrasting speech features that give the reader an idea of the character traits of different characters. The generalization of certain specific features of speech, the choice of different types of interjections, as well as the frequency of their repetition in characteristic speech are subject to the author's general creative intention. It also helps him create a true image of the characters depicted in the literary work.
Keywords: literature, image, translation, influence, tradition, creativity, poetry, ghazal, skill.
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Cuenca, Maria Josep. "Interjections and Pragmatic Errors in Dubbing." Meta 51, no. 1 (May 29, 2006): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/012991ar.
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Abstract This paper consists of an analysis of the expressive secondary interjections found in the film Four Weddings and a Funeral and their equivalents in the Spanish and Catalan dubbed versions. The contrastive analysis of the interjections in the original English version compared with the Spanish and the Catalan dubbed versions shows that the strategies followed by the translators are different: literal translation is far more frequent in Spanish than in Catalan. Literal translation often implies an error that is pragmatic in nature since it derives from the misunderstanding of the pragmatic meaning that the interjection conveys.
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Kasimova, Rumina N., and Svetlana V. Shakhemirova. "ENGLISH EMOTIVES IN TABASARAN TRANSLATION ALISAH AYLAMATNAN VILAYATDI." Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem 14, no. 3 (October 31, 2022): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-3-341-353.
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The article gives a general description of interjection as an emotive. Approaches and techniques of translating interjections from English into Tabasaran are considered on the example of L. Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland and its Tabasaran translation Alisah Aylamatnan Vilayatdi performed by G. Omarova. The relevance of the research lies in the increased attention to the languages of small nations and the issue of translation. The lack of a theoretical basis for the theory and practice of translation into Tabasaran is the main problem of the study. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of Tabasaran translation as well as the main methods of translation. The research methods are the analytical review, analysis of the scientific literature on the problem of interjection classification and the comparative method that allows to highlight the linguistic features of the original language and translation most vividly, being the basis to analyze the linguistic and cultural and cognitive plans.
Results of the study. The most popular ways of translating primary interjections into the Tabasaran language are equivalent with elements of tripling, transcription, compensation and omission. The most popular ways of translating secondary interjections into the Tabasaran language are modulation, integral transformation, equivalent translation, addition and omission.
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Yasin, Prasetya Maulana, Linna Meilia Rasiban, and Aep Saeful Bachri. "A Contrastive Analysis of Emotive Interjection (Kandoushi) in Japanese and Indonesian." JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang 7, no. 2 (December 25, 2022): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/japanedu.v7i2.52222.
Full textAbstract:
Kandoushi is a word that expresses an impression, also called “interjection” in Indonesian, and is one type of emotive interjection. This study examines the meaning and use of emotive interjection, and its similarities and differences in Japanese and Indonesian. The method in this study used a descriptive contrastive analysis method with the note-taking technique. The data is taken from the dialogue in the Japanese anime “ReLIFE” and the Indonesian TV series “Tetangga Masa Gitu” and “Bajaj Bajuri”. The results of the study showed that the emotive interjection in Japanese and Indonesian had several similar meanings, particularly expressing feelings of pleasure, admiration, annoyance, confusion, and distress. Then, both of them have the same use, which is used to confirm the speech partner’s expression, is used to conclude something, is used to protest against the speech partner, is used to show approval, and is used to realize something. Interjection comprehension is very important in understanding an utterance intent in a conversation so that communication can take place with native speakers or fellow foreign students. This study only examines the interjections in terms of the emotive feeling/impression of being surprised. Therefore, for future research, it is expected to research form, meaning, and the use of other interjections in terms of phonology.
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Gehweiler, Elke. "From proper name to primary interjection." Journal of Historical Pragmatics 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2008): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.9.1.05geh.
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This paper is concerned with interjections that have evolved from nouns. Looking at a subclass of interjections, so-called expletives like gee!, jeeze!, gosh!, crikey!, it will be shown how primary interjections regularly evolve from religious names (here Jesus, God, Christ) via secondary interjections (Jesus!, God!, Christ!). Four stages can be distinguished: I proper name Jesus II secondary interjection Jesus! III phonological modification of Jesus! IV primary interjection gee! The “standard” model for subjectification in grammaticalization, Traugott and Dasher’s Invited Inferencing Theory of Semantic Change (2002), which focuses on the speaker as initiator of change, suffices to explain the gradual process through which the secondary interjection Jesus! has evolved through the repeated use of Jesus in invocations, oaths and prayers. Moreover it is claimed that the syntactic position of Jesus in these uses — sentence-initial and separated from the rest of the sentence — played a crucial role in the emergence of the interjection. Invited inferencing, however, fails to explain the emergence of gee!. It will be shown with corpus data that gee! emerged rather abruptly. The meaning of gee! is different from the meaning of Jesus! from its very beginning, and — in contrast to the process through which the secondary interjection Jesus! emerged — there are no transitional stages attested where both the meaning of Jesus! and the meaning of gee! can be inferred. It will be argued that this change was hearer-based and that semantic stability and relationships between words are determined by aspects of phonological transparency. As a result of the clipping of Jesus! (speakers did not want to “take the name of the Lord in vain”), which yielded gee!, the semantic base of gee! became phonologically obscured. Accordingly the hearer had to infer the meaning of gee! from the context of its occurrence alone — consequently gee! differed in meaning from Jesus! straightaway. The OED will be used as a corpus for the diachronic study (cf. Fischer 1992 and Hoffmann 2004 for a discussion of how the OED can be used as a historical corpus). The synchronic use of the forms discussed will be illustrated with examples from the British National Corpus and from the GoogleGroups newsgroups (cf. Bergh 2005 for a discussion of whether and how the Internet can be used as corpus).
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Zulfah, Annisa Siti, and Rita Sutjiati Djohan. "Analysis of Translation Interjection into English in the Novel Matahari." International Journal of English and Applied Linguistics (IJEAL) 3, no. 3 (December 2, 2023): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/ijeal.v3i3.2804.
Full textAbstract:
Language is a system of sound and character signs used to communicate within and between communities. Interjection is one of the language parts that are commonly used as a daily expression. Translation has a significant role in order to reach the receptor for understanding the source language. The study of this research focuses on the analysis of translation techniques for Interjections in the novel “Matahari” into English. The purpose of this study is to describe the translation techniques applied in translating interjections and to know what translation technique is mostly employed in translating interjections from Indonesian-English in the novel “Matahari”. The researcher conducts a qualitative descriptive method. This study is also conducted by using analyzing the translation technique, comparing and classifying the data, getting the data percentage, and drawing the conclusion. The researcher collectes the data from the novel and there were 45 data. The result of the data analysis shows that there are 13 data (28,9 %) using borrowing, 12 data (26,7%) using literal translation, 5 data (11,1%) using adaptation, 5 data (11,1%) using linguistic amplification, 5 data (11,1%) using established equivalent, 3 data (6,7%) using substitution, and 2 data (4,4%) using amplification. The researcher found the most common technique used is Borrowing.
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Zulfah, Annisa Siti, and Romel Noverino. "Translation of Indonesian Interjection into English." JEdu: Journal of English Education 3, no. 2 (July 27, 2023): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jedu.v3i2.8219.
Full textAbstract:
Language is a system of sound and character signs used to communicate within and between communities. Interjection is one of the language parts that are commonly used as a daily expression. Translation has a significant role in order to reach the receptor for understanding the source language. The study of this research focuses on the analysis of translation techniques for Interjections in the novel “Matahari” into English. The purpose of this study is to describe the translation techniques applied in translating interjections and to know what translation technique is mostly employed in translating interjections from Indonesian-English in the novel “Matahari”. The researcher conducts a qualitative descriptive method. This study is also conducted by using analyzing the translation technique, comparing and classifying the data, getting the data percentage, and drawing the conclusion. The researcher collectes the data from the novel and there were 45 data. The result of the data analysis shows that there are 13 data (28,9 %) using borrowing, 12 data (26,7%) using literal translation, 5 data (11,1%) using adaptation, 5 data (11,1%) using linguistic amplification, 5 data (11,1%) using established equivalent, 3 data (6,7%) using substitution, and 2 data (4,4%) using amplification. The researcher found the most common technique used is Borrowing.
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Aryanti, Maya Lisa. "Interjections Functioned as Pragmatic Markers and Given/ New Information." Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching & Literature 18, no. 1 (July 23, 2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/celt.v18i1.570.
Full textAbstract:
The purposes of this research are to find out the functions of the interjections functioned as pragmatic markers and what they indicate to, to find out which information the interjections denote and to find out how many functions the interjections functioned as pragmatic markers possibly have. The data are five different interjections taken from five different novels. The results of this research are concerning to the functions of the interjections functioned as pragmatic markers. Generally, the functions are utterance initial, attention marker and a response signal. Further, interjections functioned as pragmatic markers take form as attitude, feelings or both. The interjections denote given/old information, new information and both. The last result is that it is possible for interjections to have more than one function. To sum up, interjections functioned as pragmatic markers have roles and forms in discourses. In addition, interjections functioned as pragmatic markers denote information.
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Levisen, Carsten. "Laughter Interjections." Scandinavian Studies in Language 10, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 110–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/sss.v10i1.114674.
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The purpose of this paper is threefold. Firstly, it seeks to fill a gap in the literature on interjections by suggesting that ‘laughter interjections’ (words such English haha or hehe) make up an important type of interjections that has so far not been accounted for in cross-linguistic work on interjections. Secondly, it argues that laughter interjections are thick with cultural meaning, and that they can play an important role for an “emic turn” in humour studies. Third, it develops a case study on “Danish funniness” with a point of departure in the Danish paradigm of laughter interjections. The paper explores humourous discourse from the perspective of these culturally specific expressive words, and provides high definition analysis of two Danish laughter interjections tøhø and hæhæ, using the Natural Semantic Metalanguage technique of explication. The general framework of the study is Lexical Anthropology, an approach to meaning analysis that combines insights from lexical semantics and linguistic anthropology.
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Landar, Herbert. "Navajo Interjections." International Journal of American Linguistics 51, no. 4 (October 1985): 489–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/465944.
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Álvarez Menéndez, Alfredo. "Caracterización funcional de la interxección: a propósitu de delles interxecciones del asturianu." Revista de Filoloxía Asturiana 16, no. 16 (January 30, 2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/rfa.16.2016.9-48.
Full textAbstract:
L'espaciu funcional de les interxecciones queda acotáu polos comportamientos evidenciaos nel procesu de tresllación d'un sintagma nominal o verbal a la función espresiva o apelativa característiques de les llamaes interxecciones impropies. N'otres palabres, la interxección va definise a partir de los trazos que dexen en camín un verbu como venga o un sustantivu como demoñu o axetivos como claro cuando pasen a ser interxecciones. O, nun sen quiciabes inversu, a partir de los qu'adquier una espresión como vaya cuando d'usos interxectivos pasa a comportase como un sintagma axetivu espresivu en ¡Vaya!, la suegra ¡Vaya suegra! Esti procesu nun ye otru que'l de la inmovilización de toos y caún de los planos que definen un sintagma: el morfemáticu, el sintácticu y el léxico-semánticu. Les interxecciones van ser, en resultes, sintagmes, constitutivos d'enunciaos esclamativos, estraoracionales na midida en que nun establecen dependencies na estructura oracional, amorfemáticos desque nin presenten variaciones morfolóxiques nin puen ser morfolóxicamente referíos y, semánticamente, instruccionales sin posibilidá de representación conceptual. Esta caracterización permítenos abordar la descripción d'un conxuntu d'unidaes na frontera con otres clases funcionales (frases esclamatives, frases formularies, apelativos, vocativos, espresiones malsonantes, marcadores conversacionales, etc.) y determinar la so inclusión o esclusión del paradigma de les interxecciones.Palabres clave: interxección, inmovilización, frase esclamativa, mensaxe realizativu, apelación, expresión afectiva, marcador conversacional, espresión malsonante, tacu, eufemismu, disfemismu. The functional scope of interjection is defined by its behaviour as shown on several metabasis, e.g. the transcategorization phenomena involving the emotive use of noun or verbal phrases as «improper» interjections. In other words, interjection will be defined based on the features which fade away when a verb such as venga, a noun like demoño or adjectives such as claro are used as interjections. Or, taking the opposite view, based on the features added to a phrase such as Vaya… when used as an expressive adjectival phrase ¡Vaya!, la suegra ¡Vaya suegra! This process is nothing but the immobilization of every single aspect (morphological, syntactic and semantic) within such phrases. Interjections are, therefore, phrases taking part of an exclamatory utterance, extrasentential (since they trigger no dependencies at sentential level), amorphematic (for they present no morphological variation, nor can they be morphologically referred to), and semantically instructional, having no possibility of conceptual representation. This approach allows us to tackle the description of a set of units which lie halfway between several categories (exclamatory utterance, performative message, exclamation, affective statements, conversational markers, euphemism, dysphemism, etc.) and consider whether to include or exclude them from the interjections paradigm.Keywords: interjection, immobilization, exclamatory utterance, performative message, exclamation, affective statements, conversational markers, dirty words, swearwords, euphemism, dysphemism
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Karaeva, Z. K., and S. Ch Mambetalieva. "USAGE AND TRANSLATION OF INTERJECTIONS IN CHINESE FAIRY TALES." Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no. 2-2021 (June 24, 2021): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2021.2.199-204.
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In the article the interjections in the tales of the Chinese people are considered to be one of the most important groups of words interjections are analyzed in order to identify the stylistic functions of the interjections, representing emotions and will. The relevance of the article is justify by the insufficient knowledge of the stated topic. The attempt to reveal the semantic structures and stylistically function of the interjections in Chinese folklore tales has been analyzed for the first time. As the result of our research expresses, we came to the conclusion that the interjections perform various stylistic functions, and the emotional state of the characters. The interjections deserve special attention of linguists. This article also draws attention to the problem of translation of interjections in Chinese into Kyrgyz. Currently there is a need to focus on the meanings of interjections not only during oral conversation, but also in written speech.
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O’Connell, Daniel C., Sabine Kowal, and Scott P. King. "Interjections in literary readings and artistic performance." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 17, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 417–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.17.3.04con.
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Numerosity and privileges of occurrence of various types of interjections (primary conventional, primary non-conventional, secondary, and onomatopoeic) were investigated in three different literary readings of Winnie-the-Pooh (Milne 1926), in one reading of Ulysses (Joyce 1960), and in an artistic performance by actors (the film The third man, Korda, Selznik, & Reed 1949). The spoken corpora, based on printed texts as source, consisted of 667 interjections. Ameka’s (1992 b, 1994) hypothesis that, parallel to their independence from ambient grammar, interjections would also be isolated temporally by preceding and following pauses, was not confirmed; for the entire corpus, only 39% of all interjections were thus isolated. However, an alternative hypothesis, that interjections serve an initializing function, was confirmed: Altogether, 77% of the interjections were found to be initializing, i.e., were preceded by a pause, introduced a speaking turn, introduced an utterance, and/or introduced a citation. Primary conventional interjections constituted the majority of interjections (overall 56%), but only two of these were common to all the corpora (oh and ah). By far the highest percentage (28 %) of primary non- conventional interjections occurred in the artistic performance of The third man. None of these occurred in either the novel or the screenplay of The third man, unlike the primary non-conventional interjections throughout the text of the literary readings. Functions of interjections are discussed in terms of Goffman’s (1981: 226) animators (literary readers, 26% of whose spoken interjections were added to those in the printed text) and principals (actors, 79% of whose spoken interjections were added to those in the printed text), in terms of literacy and orality, and in terms of the emotional stance and perspective of a speaker at the very moment of utterance.
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Kasmir Naserly, Mursyid. "ANALISIS TERJEMAHAN INTERJEKSI DARI BAHASA INDONESIA KE BAHASA INGGRIS PADA SUBTITLE FILM NUSSA." Akrab Juara : Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Sosial 7, no. 4 (November 5, 2022): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.58487/akrabjuara.v7i4.1983.
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This research was conducted to analyze the translation of the word interjection in the film Nussa. The observation of the word interjection in this study was only taken in the first 11 minutes of the film. In such a short period of time, 18 interjections were found, each of which had an English word equivalent. Of the 18 words, it can be grouped into two large categories that can be grouped, including Interjection of Equal Forms and Interjection of Different Forms. The two categories are deliberately grouped because they are unique in terms of translation from BSa to BSu or vice versa. As for categories outside the two large categories, they fall into the translation of the interjection just like in the general translation object, because the equivalent of the word can be well represented. This research was applied to Nussa Film because the film is a children's themed film. Generally, in children's films, many expressions are conveyed, especially in the use of the word interjection.
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Borchmann, Simon. "Non-spontaneous and communicative emotive interjections." Scandinavian Studies in Language 10, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 7–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/sss.v10i1.114668.
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The basic feature of emotive interjections is that they are spontaneous. This feature implies that they are not intentional and, hence, not communicative. Nevertheless, in addition to spontaneous and non-communicative emotive interjections one can observe emotive interjections that are non-spontaneous and communicative and emotive interjections that are spontaneous and communicative. This heterogeneity poses a fundamental problem for the classification and description of interjections, and it is this problem that is the focus of this article. Th e article presents an ecological pragmatic analysis of emotive interjections with special regard to the evaluation of four accounts of the heterogeneity. The article’s contribution consists of observation-based evidence in the form of an analysis of three occurrences of interjections that differ with regard to their spontaneity and communicativity. Th e article suggests that the basic sign relation of emotive interjections is indexical, but it also shows that an iconic and a symbolic relation can be added to this basic relation.
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Omotunde, Samuel Adebayo, and Samuel Oyeyemi Agbeleoba. "Types and Functions of Interjections in Wole Soyinka�s Ala?pata? A?pa?ta and Yoruba Speech Community." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v19i1.1811.
Full textAbstract:
Interjections are universal means of communication among human beings which pass across different emotions and information in different cultures and languages. However, while some are found in nearly all languages but with varied meanings and functions according to context, some are peculiar to specific languages and cultures. This work, therefore, investigates the functions and meanings of both universal interjections (specifically Oh and Ah) and the Yoruba language specific interjections found in Wole Soyinkas Ala?pata? A?pa?ta. The work also discusses two other significant Yoruba language specific interjections although they are not found in the analyzed text. The authors chose the text because it is replete with interjections Oh and Ah which carry various meanings and perform various functions (few of which have not been discussed in the literature) and also because it contains the Yoruba language specific interjections which probably have not been investigated in the literature, thereby contributing to knowledge.Keywords: universal interjections, Yoruba language specific interjections, Ala?pata?
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Gorlée, Dinda L. "From words and sentences to interjections: The anatomy of exclamations in Peirce and Wittgenstein." Semiotica 2015, no. 205 (June 1, 2015): 37–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0011.
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AbstractInterjections are exclamatory signs fostering a realistic conception of the perils and uncertainties of human experience. Natural interjections are reactionary signs in degenerate pre-signs (preverbs or prenouns), unconnected to other syntactic forms of grammar. The simplicity of natural interjections are distinguished from the more complex occasional interjections, expressed in full pseudo-sentences with grammatical constructions. The prehistory of the natural interjections are first the simple cries of babies, and second the artificial construction of pidgin (creolization) of mixed languages. In interjections, literal language becomes transformed into figurative and metaphorical “language,” that is intermedial speech with vocalization and gestures. Peirce’s “syntax” (Charles Sanders Peirce 1839–1914) argues for the pragmatic interjections in the exclamations of spontaneous cries and shouts. In the framework of Peirce’s logical categories, interjections represent first of secondness. The degenerate form analyzes the vague or indeterminate meaning through pictures of diagrams. Wittgenstein’s social “grammar” (Ludwig Wittgenstein 1889–1951) of language-games is subject to cultural forms of life. Wittgenstein disagrees on accepting the “nonsensical” or meaningless interjections, but in his later writings he will agree to giving the interjections fuzzy meanings.
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Nenasheva, Yulia. "Functional Variation of the Imperative in Discourse: Prosodic Evidence of “Hybridization”." Nizhny Novgorod Linguistics University Bulletin, no. 54 (June 30, 2021): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47388/2072-3490/lunn2021-54-2-28-42.
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The cognitive-discursive approach used in experimental research helps to reveal specific behavior of language units which is conditioned by particular characteristics of the immediate communicative situation. The cognitive aspect of this approach describes how the human mind works to adapt speech production processes to ever-changing conditions of communicative activity, which results in changes of the functions of language units used in these processes. Since, either in oral or written forms, texts are the material result of this activity, acoustic analysis helps to evaluate the character of modifications of sound sequences as well as to define their intonation structure that facilitates the performance of utterances in discourse. Corpus analysis helps to evaluate pragmatic factors that maintain speech production processes and to describe their influence in the usage of language units. The relevance of the research lies in the need to have a better understanding and a more thorough description of the behavior of intonation language units in discourse as well as its correlation to the cognitive processes in speech production. With this goal in mind, the author applies the cognitive-discursive approach to experimental phonetic research of intonation in discourse. The paper presents the results of examining the process of “hybridization” of direct imperative utterances, identifying types of such “hybridization,” and looking at conditions of speakers’ activity which accompany this “hybridization.” Using the methodology of experimental discourse analysis, the author shows how functional variability of this particular language unit in specific discourse environments can lead to significant changes in the intentional meaning of the unit, i. e., to imperative utterances acting as interjections. In specific discourse environments, accompanied by marked emphasis in the semantic structure of the utterances and constrained by psycho-physiological thresholds and limitations of information processing mechanisms, speech production processes form a “hybrid” which combines characteristics of both a direct imperative and an interjection. This “hybridization” can be complete or partial. The “hybrid” maintains the illocutionary force of an imperative utterance due to its formulaic syntactic structure and intonation, characterized by less variation than that of an interjection, and the intonation of such units complies with the codified intonation standard of the English language. At the same time, its acoustic features correspond to the acoustic features of 1st and 2nd type interjections: “hybrids” that correspond to 1st type interjections consist of rare sounds and sound sequences, while “hybrids” that correspond to 2nd type interjections retain their sound structure completely or partially.
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Matamala, Anna. "Interjections in Original and Dubbed Sitcoms in Catalan: A Comparison." Meta 54, no. 3 (October 16, 2009): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038310ar.
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Abstract This article analyses interjections, a very specific element of orality, in a corpus of sitcoms both dubbed into Catalan and originally shot in Catalan. After defining interjections and describing the corpus used to carry out the analysis, a comparison between the number of interjections contained in the dubbed sitcoms of the corpus and the number of interjections included in those originally shot in Catalan is presented. This data is also compared to the percentage of interjections found in a corpus of real spontaneous conversations in Catalan. Finally, the possible effects of the constraints of dubbing on the orality of dubbed products are discussed and the changes interjections undergo during this dynamic process are highlighted.
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Jing, Yi. "ENGLISH INTERJECTIONS AS A WORD CLASS: A TRI-STRATAL DESCRIPTION." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 7, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v7i1.6865.
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Traditionally known as interjections, the highly conventionalized linguistic forms like aha, hey, ouch, oh, sh, etc. have not been recognized as a word class in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). A proximate word class that does get acknowledged in SFL is the continuative (typically represented by well, oh, yes, no and now), while other members in the traditional class of interjections tend to be treated as bi-stratal forms in language, if not protolanguage. Studies that are non-SFL driven have affiliated interjections with routines, formulae, discourse particles, discourse markers, etc. Such terminological complexity can be solidified and cleared if interjections are perceived as a word class under the SFL framework. The present paper, thus, proposes to discuss interjections across the language strata – from below (phonology and graphology), from around about (lexicogrammar), and from above (semantics, in terms of the metafunctions). This holistic view will contribute to linguistic description of interjections and help enhance the understanding of interjections as a word class.
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Nugroho, Raden Arief, and Nina Setyaningsih. "INTERJECTIONS IN SEMARANGAN JAVANESE: A SOCIOPRAGMATIC APPROACH." HUMANIKA 26, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/humanika.v26i2.22184.
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Interjections are widely applied in Javanese dialect and they characterize particular functions, especially in spoken communication. However, with the growth of economic, urbanization, and associated area depopulation, dialect anomaly will lead to two ways: first, a community will be vulnerable as dynamic urbanization occurs; second, its linguistic characteristic will lead to “linguistic salad-bowl” as the result of “linguistic melting-pots”. Therefore, it is important to study dialects before they disappear in certain areas. In addition, there is relatively little research that has been done on Semarangan Javanese in the area of interjections, as supported by Jovanović (2004), who claims that “Interjections, as one of the marginal and perhaps least discussed upon classes of words”. Semarangan Javanese has some distinct characteristics in its spoken form, especially in its lexical divergence. Consequently, different interjections appear. This research aims to discuss Semarangan Javanese interjections, in terms of the sociopragmatic function applied by Semarangan Javanese speakers in a certain communication context. The researchers applied Jovanović’s interjections classification as the basis of this research. Field research method was used to gather the data by conducting direct observation to research participants. Semarangan Javanese interjections can be explored into three components, namely form, position, and meaning. Based on the findings, the form of Semarangan Javanese interjections are realized from phonological, morphological, and semantic occurrences. These interjections are also recognized in the initial, final, and independent positions. Such variety of meanings from the interjections can be indicated through several contexts that take place in the communication.
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MƏMMƏDOVA, G. T., and S. Ş. XANKİŞİYEVA. "MÜASİR İNGİLİS VƏ AZƏRBAYCAN DİLLƏRİNDƏ VOKATİV CÜMLƏLƏR." Actual Problems of study of humanities 1, no. 2024 (April 15, 2024): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.62021/0026-0028.2024.1.085.
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Vocative Sentences in Modern English and Azerbaijani Languages Summary Sentence-words and vocative sentences are the kinds of sentences which are mostly used both in the English and Azerbaijani languages. A vocative sentence is from Latin word “vocativus”. Such kinds of sentences express appeal, challenge and pampering. A lot of vocative words and sentences are used both in the English and Azerbaijani languages. There are some similiarities and differences between the vocative sentences and direct address, interjection and nominal sentences. This article deals with the allomorphic and izomorphic features between vocative sentences and direct address, interjections and nominal sentences using in both languages. Key words: sentence-words, a vocative sentence, a direct address, interjection, a nominal sentence, appeal
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Syaputra, Dian, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "INTERJEKSI HA! DALAM FILM TENGGELAMNYA KAPAL VAN DER WIJCK: PENDEKATAN SEMANTIK METABAHASA ALAMI." MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan 20, no. 1 (October 3, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/mm.v20i1.3743.
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Interjection is a word used to express feelings or something spontaneously. In Indonesian there are many interjection words, but here what will be discussed is an interjection HA! which can be used in various spontaneous expressions. Not only that, Interjection HA! have similarities and differences with interjections in other Indonesian languages. This study aims to find the meaning of the Ha! which is used in the film "The sinking of the Van Der Wijck ship" a work by a famous writer from Padang, namely Buya Hamka. This research uses a Natural Metalanguage Semantic approach, and this study uses a qualitative descriptive research method with listening and note-taking techniques. Data were collected by watching or viewing the film or by listening to conversations containing the Ha! in the film. Furthermore, the data from the results of this study, it was found that there were 6 meanings of the Ha! in the film "The sinking of the Van Der Wijck ship" namely Emotive Interjection Ha! which shows feelings of pleasure or happiness, angry, disappointed, suspicious, surprised, and Kogitive Interjection Ha! funny (laughing out loud).